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Dewi SK, Han ZM, Bhat SA, Zhang F, Wei Y, Li F. Effect of plastic mulch residue on plant growth performance and soil properties. Environ Pollut 2024; 343:123254. [PMID: 38160772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plastic mulch is widely utilized for weed control, temperature regulation, soil erosion prevention, disease management, and soil structure improvement, ultimately enhancing crop quality and yield. However, a significant issue with conventional plastic mulches is their low recycling rates, which can cause plastic residue to build up, thereby damaging soil quality and reducing crop yield. The emergence of biodegradable films offers a promising solution to mitigate this issue and reduce soil pollution. However, its potential effects on soil properties and plant performance remain unclear. In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) were used to observe the effect of plastic mulch residues on soil properties and plant growth performance via potting experiment. Additionally, the interaction effects of compost and biochar as soil amendments with plastic mulch residues were also evaluated. The result of this study revealed that the type of plastic significantly affected the total nitrogen and magnesium uptake; however, the morphological traits of the tested plant (Japanese mustard spinach) were not significantly affected. The addition of compost and biochar led to a significant increase in both shoot and total dry weight of the plant, indicating a positive effect on its growth. The results of the two-way ANOVA indicated a significant influence of plastic type on dissolved phosphate (PO43-) levels and soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA). The interaction effect (plastic type with soil amendment) was statistically significant only for soil DHA. Neither plastic mulch residues nor soil amendments significantly affected other soil chemical properties. However, long-term experiments to systematically investigate the long-term effects of plastic residues are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiamita Kusuma Dewi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Zaw Min Han
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Fuping Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yongfen Wei
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Fusheng Li
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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Uzamurera AG, Wang PY, Zhao ZY, Tao XP, Zhou R, Wang WY, Xiong XB, Wang S, Wesly K, Tao HY, Xiong YC. Thickness-dependent release of microplastics and phthalic acid esters from polythene and biodegradable residual films in agricultural soils and its related productivity effects. J Hazard Mater 2023; 448:130897. [PMID: 36736218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to elucidate the release rate of microplastics (MPs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in agricultural soil and their effects on crop productivity regarding film types and thicknesses. To address this issue, two-year landfill test was performed using 0.016 mm-thick polyethylene (PEt1) & biodegradable (BIOt1), and 0.01 mm-thin polyethylene (PEt2) & biodegradable (BIOt2) residual films as materials with no landfill as CK. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared analyses revealed that two-year landfill caused considerable changes in physical forms and spectral peaks in BIO film, which was more pronounced in thin BIO (36.90 % weight loss). Yet, less changes were presented in the above analyzes in polyethylene (PE) films, and thick films damaged relatively less. MPs number was 86,829.11 n/kg in BIOt1 and 134,912.27 n/kg in BIOt2, equivalent to 2.55 and 3.72 times higher than in PEt1 and PEt2, respectively. This was closely associated with PAEs release, as soil PAEs concentration was substantially lower in PEt1 (17.60 g/kg) and PEt2 (21.43 g/kg) than in BIOt1 and BIOt2 (37.12 g/kg and 49.20 g/kg), respectively. Furthermore, maize productivity parameters were negatively correlated with the amount of MPs and PAEs. BIOt2 and PEt1 had the lowest and highest grain yield, respectively. BIO exhibited greater environmental risk and adverse effects on soil and crop productivity than PE film due to physical degradation and release of PAEs. Thickness-wise comparison exhibited that thin film residues had more adverse effect relative to thick film ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Grace Uzamurera
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ze-Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Tao
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Wen-Ying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kiprotich Wesly
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Martínez-Escudero CM, Garrido I, Ros C, Flores P, Hellín P, Contreras F, Fenoll J. Remediation of pesticides in commercial farm soils by solarization and ozonation techniques. J Environ Manage 2023; 329:117062. [PMID: 36549052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination by pesticides is a growing environmental problem. Even though nowadays numerous soil remediation technologies are available, most of them have not been tested at field scale. This study attempts to demonstrate the efficiency of solarization-ozonation techniques for the removal of twelve pesticides at full scale. Initial solarization and ozonation trials were conducted in plots located in a greenhouse using freshly and aged contaminated soils under controlled pilot conditions. The combination of solarization and ozonation treatment was efficient for all the studied pesticides both in freshly and in aged contaminated soils, being the lower degradation values found for the second type. This low removal suggests that the increase of pesticides' adsorption on soil resulting from ageing decreases their availability. Once the essays were carried out at pilot scale, the solarization-ozonation applicability was evaluated in a commercial farm soil. This trial was carried out in a greenhouse whose soil had previously been contaminated with some of the pesticides studied. A significant degradation (53.8%) was observed after 40 days of treatment. Pesticides' main metabolites were identified during the different remediation experiments. In addition, the cost of the combined solarization and ozonation technology was evaluated. Finally, our results suggest that this combination of techniques could be considered a promising technology to degrade pesticides in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Martínez-Escudero
- Research Group on Sustainability and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Production. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain.
| | - I Garrido
- Research Group on Sustainability and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Production. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain
| | - C Ros
- Department of Crop Protection. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain
| | - P Flores
- Research Group on Sustainability and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Production. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain
| | - P Hellín
- Research Group on Sustainability and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Production. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain
| | - F Contreras
- Research Group on Sustainability and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Production. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain
| | - J Fenoll
- Research Group on Sustainability and Quality of Fruit and Vegetable Production. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental. C/ Mayor s/n. La Alberca, 30150, Murcia. Spain.
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Zhang X, Zhao G, Shi X, Yuan B, Zhao K, Tian Z, Huang Z, Ma Z, Li M, Zhao L. Loading ferric lignin on polyethylene film and its influence on arsenic-polluted soil and growth of romaine lettuce plant. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:50362-50375. [PMID: 35229267 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work developed a composite (Pe-FeLs) which loaded ferric lignin on polyethylene film (PE film) by chemical modification and physico-chemically characterized by Microscope, FESEM with elemental mapping analysis, and XRD. Microscope pictures showed that chemical modification did not destroy the appearance of PE film. The FESEM images of Pe-FeLs showed the well-distributed clusters could be clearly seen and most of the particles were spherical morphology. Elemental mapping of individual element on Pe-FeLs clearly indicated the existing of iron. The XRD pattern showed the amorphous hydroxides of iron on Pe-FeLs. In arsenic solution, the total arsenic adsorption capacity of Pe-FeLs was much higher than that of ferric lignin and PE, which showed Pe-FeLs had the ability to adsorb arsenic. For making Pe-FeLs work well in the soil, a Pe-FeLs system was set up with plastic grid plate, PE film with holes, Pe-FeLs, PE film, and plastic grid plate from the upper to bottom in order. With applying Pe-FeLs system under the soil, arsenic was significantly reduced by 25.5 ~ 53.4% in heavily, moderately, and lower arsenic-polluted soils, the biomass of the romaine lettuce increased and arsenic accumulation in the romaine lettuce decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Zhang
- Henan International Joint Lab of Key Technology in Water Treatment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environments, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Henan International Joint Lab of Key Technology in Water Treatment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environments, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Xibao Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Bingbing Yuan
- Key Lab of Green Chemistry Media & Reaction, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Kejiang Zhao
- Henan International Joint Lab of Key Technology in Water Treatment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environments, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zhenbang Tian
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zuohua Huang
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Henan International Joint Lab of Key Technology in Water Treatment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environments, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Meng Li
- Henan International Joint Lab of Key Technology in Water Treatment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environments, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Henan Institute of Chemistry, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
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Kim SK, Kim JS, Lee H, Lee HJ. Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in soils with different agricultural practices: Importance of sources with internal origin and environmental fate. J Hazard Mater 2021; 403:123997. [PMID: 33265033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive use of plastics in agriculture, little is known about the occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in agro-environment. To identify the effect of internal sources and environmental fate on MP appearance in farmland, we examined four soil types with different agricultural practices representing either direct application of polyethylene (PE) film-the inside (GS-in) and outside (GS-out) soils of greenhouse and mulch-film use soils (MS)-or rare use of plastics (rice-paddy soils; RS). MP abundance was 10-7630 items kg-1, with the order of GS-in, GS-out, RS, and MS. Besides the highest MP abundance, rare PE-sheet (4% of MPs) and increased MP abundance with sizes decreasing were unique for GS-in, implying the presence of internal sources other than PE-film and continued MP accumulation. Contrarily, in other outside soils high PE-sheet appearance (10-31%) indicated substantial input via fragmentation of applied PE-film (for GS-out and MS) or via surface-runoff (for RS) while drastic decline of small-sized MPs in order of MS > RS > GS-out than expected from steady-state fragmentation implied significant removal of MPs by surface runoff and/or infiltration. Our results suggest the importance of internal sources and environmental fate as significant factors affecting the occurrence of MPs in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Kyu Kim
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeounsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeounsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeounsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang Lee
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeounsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jee Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Academy-ro 119, Yeounsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
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Rawal R, Kharangarh PR, Dawra S, Bhardwaj P. Synthesis, characterization and immobilization of bilirubin oxidase nanoparticles (BOxNPs) with enhanced activity: Application for serum bilirubin determination in jaundice patients. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 143:109716. [PMID: 33375976 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A high- power ultrasonic method was used to prepare bilirubin oxidase nanoparticles (BOxNPs) which were immobilized on polyethylene (PE) film. The characterization of PE film bound to BOxNPs and BOxNPs was carried out using "Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)," "Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)," and "Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)." The PE film was treated with nitric acid (HNO3) for its activation. BOxNPs bound to PE film exhibited optimal activity (pH-8), incubation time (11 s) with temperature 35 °C. A linear relationship was observed between the bilirubin concentrations (0.02-250 μM), with an apparent Km value and Vmax for PE- bound BOxNPs, at 0.015 μM and 2.56 μmol/mL/min. The mean recoveries of added serum bilirubin were 94.5 % at a level of 5 mM whereas 98.5 % were observed at 10 mM which showed the satisfactory reliability of BOxNPs immobilized on PE film. The coefficient of variation for serum bilirubin ranged between 4.52%-5.25%, measured on the first day (within batch) and after seven days of storage (between batch).This current method has showed a good correlation for bilirubin values when compared to the standard enzymatic colorimetric method using free enzyme. BOxNPs bound to PE film were reutilized 150 times with storage at 4 °C for 120 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Rawal
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Poonam R Kharangarh
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sudhir Dawra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Mewat Engineering College, Mewat, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Preetam Bhardwaj
- Centre for Nanotechnology Research, School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Wang X, Fang W, Yan D, Han D, Huang B, Ren Z, Liu J, Cao A, Wang Q. Effect of films on dimethyl disulfide emissions, vertical distribution in soil and residues remaining after fumigation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 163:76-83. [PMID: 30048876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An improved understanding of the conditions that influence dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) emissions, distribution through the soil and residues remaining after treatment will help to optimise the use of this relatively new soil fumigant for the control of soil-borne pests and disease, and to improve the safety of DMDS use. Using soil columns in the laboratory, the cumulative emission of DMDS using doses of 40 and 80 g m-2 were, respectively, 74.8% and 68.9% with bare soil, 4.2% and 9.6% with polyethylene (PE) film, 0.02% and 0.2% with Totally Impermeable Film (TIF). Six hours after injection DMDS was detected mostly 5 cm below the surface and very little at 25 cm when used on bare soil, compared with much higher and similar concentrations of DMDS 5 and 25 cm deep when films were used. DMDS at the injection port exceeded 1 µg cm-3 for longer when a film was used instead of bare soil. The total DMDS soil residues remaining in the soil, as a percentage of the initial DMDS dose at 40 or 80 g m-2 were, respectively, 1.17 and 5.58 with TIF, 0.91 and 1.18 with PE, 0.47 and 0.47 with bare soil. DMDS rose rapidly upwards and escaped from bare soil, whereas PE or TIF significantly reduced DMDS emissions, retained elevated DMDS concentrations in the soil for longer and distributed them more uniformly in the soil. TIF performed better in these respects than PE. TIF also reduced the potential environmental impact of DMDS more than PE, especially at the higher dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wensheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongdong Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dawei Han
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Aocheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Ramos L, Berenstein G, Hughes EA, Zalts A, Montserrat JM. Polyethylene film incorporation into the horticultural soil of small periurban production units in Argentina. Sci Total Environ 2015; 523:74-81. [PMID: 25862993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Horticulture makes intensive use of soil and extensive use of polyethylene (PE) sheeting and pesticides, producing an environment where the dynamics between soil and plastics can affect pesticide fate. We have determined that the presence of plastic residues in the horticultural soil of small production units equals 10% of the soil area, being meso and macro-sections the predominant fragment sizes. All soil samples were taken from different plots located in Cuartel V, Moreno district, in the suburbs of Buenos Aires city, Argentina. Laboratory experiments were conducted to see the relations among pesticide, soil and PE film. Endosulfan recovery from LDPE films (25μm and 100μm) was studied, observing evidence that indicated migration to the inside of the plastic matrix. To further analyze the dynamics of pesticide migration to soil and atmosphere, experiments using chlorpyrifos, procymidone and trifluralin were performed in soil-plastic-atmosphere microenvironments, showing that up to 24h significant amounts of pesticides moved away from the PE film. To determine whether PE residues could act as potential pesticide collector in soil, column elution experiments were done using chlorpyrifos, procymidone and trifluralin. Results showed an important pesticide accumulation in the mulch film (584μg-2284μg pesticide/g plastic) compared to soil (13μg-32μg pesticide/g soil). Finally, chemical and photochemical degradation of deltamethrin adsorbed in PE film was studied, finding a protective effect on hydrolysis but no protective effect on photodegradation. We believe that a deeper understanding of the dynamics among soil, plastic and pesticides in horticultural productive systems may contribute to alert for the implications of PE use for plastic sheeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramos
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS), J. M. Gutiérrez 1150, (B1613GSX) Los Polvorines, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Giselle Berenstein
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS), J. M. Gutiérrez 1150, (B1613GSX) Los Polvorines, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique A Hughes
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS), J. M. Gutiérrez 1150, (B1613GSX) Los Polvorines, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anita Zalts
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS), J. M. Gutiérrez 1150, (B1613GSX) Los Polvorines, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier M Montserrat
- Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS), J. M. Gutiérrez 1150, (B1613GSX) Los Polvorines, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2° piso, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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