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Zhou T, Qian H, Zhang D, Fang W, Yao M, Shi H, Chen T, Chai C, Guo B. PGRN inhibits CD8 +T cell recruitment and promotes breast cancer progression by up-regulating ICAM-1 on TAM. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:76. [PMID: 38554213 PMCID: PMC10981592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironment actually reduces antitumor effect against the immune attack by exclusion of CD8+T cells. Progranulin (PGRN) is a multifunctional growth factor with significant pathological effects in multiple tumors; however, its role in immunity evasion of breast cancer (BCa) is not completely understood. METHODS We depleted GRN (PGRN gene) genetically in mice or specifically in PY8119 murine BCa cell line, and mouse models of orthotopic or subcutaneous transplantation were used. Chimeric mice-deficient of PGRN (Grn-/-) in bone marrow (BM) compartment was also generated. Association of PGRN expression with chemokine production or BCa development was investigated by histological and immunological assays. RESULTS We found PGRN was involved in exhaustion of cytotoxic CD8+T cell in BCa with the increasing expressions of M2 markers and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on macrophages. Specifically, ablation of PGRN in PY8119 cells reduced tumor burden, accompanied by the infiltrating of cytotoxic CD8+T cells into tumor nests. Moreover, our result revealed that blockade of PD-1 in PGRN-depleted tumors exhibited better antitumor effect in vivo and significantly decreased tumor burden. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that inhibition of PGRN may act as a potential immune-therapeutic strategy by recovering infiltration of CD8+T cell in BCa tissue and thereby enhancing the response to anti-PD-1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Husun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Fang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - MengLi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - He Shi
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengsen Chai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bianqin Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
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Qin A, Qin Y, Lee J, Musket A, Ying M, Krenciute G, Marincola FM, Yao ZQ, Musich PR, Xie Q. Tyrosine kinase signaling-independent MET-targeting with CAR-T cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:682. [PMID: 37779207 PMCID: PMC10544186 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy encourages the expansion of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in solid tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Overexpression of MET receptor tyrosine kinase is common in HCC; however, MET inhibitors are effective only when MET is in an active form, making patient stratification difficult. Specific MET-targeting CAR-T cells hold the promise of targeting HCC with MET overexpression regardless of signaling pathway activity. METHODS MET-specific CARs with CD28ζ or 4-1BBζ as co-stimulation domains were constructed. MET-CAR-T cells derived from healthy subjects (HS) and HCC patients were evaluated for their killing activity and cytokine release against HCC cells with various MET activations in vitro, and for their tumor growth inhibition in orthotopic xenograft models in vivo. RESULTS MET-CAR.CD28ζ and MET-CAR.4-1BBζ T cells derived from both HS and HCC patients specifically killed MET-positive HCC cells. When stimulated with MET-positive HCC cells in vitro, MET-CAR.CD28ζ T cells demonstrated a higher level of cytokine release and expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) than MET-CAR.4-1BBζ T cells. When analyzed in vivo, MET-CAR.CD28ζ T cells more effectively inhibited HCC orthotopic tumor growth in mice when compared to MET-CAR.4-1BBζ T cells. CONCLUSION We generated and characterized MET-specific CAR-T cells for targeting HCC with MET overexpression regardless of MET activation. Compared with MET-CAR.4-1BBζ, MET-CAR.CD28ζ T cells showed a higher anti-HCC potency but also a higher level of T cell exhaustion. While MET-CAR.CD28ζ is preferred for further development, overcoming the exhaustion of MET-CAR-T cells is necessary to improve their therapeutic efficacy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Qin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Yuan Qin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Joseph Lee
- Department of Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Anna Musket
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Mingyao Ying
- Department of Neurology, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Giedre Krenciute
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | | | - Zhi Q Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Phillip R Musich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA.
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA.
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3
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Nikoo M, Hassan ZF, Mardasi M, Rostamnezhad E, Roozbahani F, Rahimi S, Mohammadi J. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) immunotherapy by anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies: A rapidly evolving strategy. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154473. [PMID: 37207558 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers in the world, with a high relapse rate. Delayed symptom onset observed in 70-80% of patients leads to diagnosis in advanced stages commonly associated with chronic liver disease. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade therapy has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic option in the clinical management of several advanced malignancies, including HCC, due to the activation of exhausted tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and improved outcomes of T-cell function. However, many people with HCC do not respond to PD-1 blockade therapy, and the diversity of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) restricts their clinical utility. Therefore, numerous effective combinatory strategies, including combinations with anti-PD-1 antibodies and other therapeutic methods ranging from chemotherapy to targeted therapies, are evolving to improve therapeutic outcomes and evoke synergistic anti-tumor impressions in patients with advanced HCC. Unfortunately, combined therapy may have more side effects than single-agent treatment. Nonetheless, identifying appropriate predictive biomarkers can aid in managing potential immune-related adverse events by distinguishing patients who respond best to PD-1 inhibitors as single agents or in combination strategies. In the present review, we summarize the therapeutic potential of PD-1 blockade therapy for advanced HCC patients. Besides, a glimpse of the pivotal predictive biomarkers influencing a patient's response to anti-PD-1 antibodies will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Nikoo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Mardasi
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Rostamnezhad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Roozbahani
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sahel Rahimi
- Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Zhou J, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Wang Q, Kaifi JT, Kimchi ET, Chabu CY, Liu Z, Joshi T, Li G. Single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the response of pancreatic cancer to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 15:101262. [PMID: 34768100 PMCID: PMC8591363 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is resistant to immune checkpoint therapy, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we have established four orthotopic PaC murine models with different PaC cell lines by intra-pancreatic inoculation. Therapeutic examinations demonstrate that only tumors induced with Panc02-H7 cells respond to αPD-1 antibody treatment, leading to significantly reduced tumor growth and increased survival in the recipient mice. Transcriptomic profiling at a single-cell resolution characterizes the molecular activity of different cells within tumors. Comparative analysis and validated experiments demonstrate that αPD-1-sensitive and -resistant tumors differently shape the immune landscape in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and markedly altering effector CD8+ T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in their number, frequency, and gene profile. More exhausted effector CD8+ T cells and increased M2-like TAMs with a reduced capacity of antigen presentation are detected in resistant Panc02-formed tumors versus responsive Panc02-H7-formed tumors. Together, our data highlight the correlation of tumor-induced imbalance of macrophages with the fate of tumor-resident effector CD8+ T cells and PaC response to αPD-1 immunotherapy. TAMs as a critical regulator of tumor immunity and immunotherapy contribute to PaC resistance to immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Yuexu Jiang
- Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Qiongling Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Jussuf T Kaifi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Eric T Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Chiswili Yves Chabu
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; MU Institute of Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri-Columbia, Medical Sciences Building, M272, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
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5
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Zhang YQ, Yuan Y, Zhang J, Lin CY, Guo JL, Liu HS, Guo Q. Evaluation of the roles and regulatory mechanisms of PD-1 target molecules in NSCLC progression. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:1168. [PMID: 34430609 PMCID: PMC8350711 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Targeted programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy could effectively improve the long-term prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The role of PD-1 targets in the progression of NSCLC has not been fully revealed. Methods The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in patients’ blood after NSCLC treatment with PD-1 blocker nivolumab in the GSE141479 dataset were analyzed by GEO2R and identified in the TCGA database. The mechanism of action involved in the PD-1 target molecules via the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network shows the relationship between PD-1 target molecules. The factors affecting the prognosis of NSCLC patients were identified via the COX regression analysis and survival analysis to build the risk model and nomogram. Results There were 64 DEGs in patients’ blood after nivolumab treatment and 48 DEGs in NSCLC tissues. The PD-1 target molecules involved cell proliferation, DNA replication, cell cycle, lung cancer, and other cellular processes. The prognostic factors CCNA2, CHEK1, DLGAP5, E2F8, FOXM1, HIST1H2BH, HJURP, MKI67, PLK1, TPX2, and TYMS, and the independent factors HIST1H2BH and PLK1, influenced the prognosis of NSCLC patients. HIST1H2BH and PLK1 were overexpressed in LUAD and LUSC tissues. The elevated expression levels of HIST1H2BH and PLK1 were related to the overall survival (OS) and the progression-free survival of NSCLC patients. High-risk NSCLC patients had a poor prognosis and were an independent factor influencing the poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. The high-risk model group was enriched with signaling mechanisms such as cell cycle, DNA replication, and homologous recombination. Conclusions The risk model based on PD-1 target molecules was helpful to assess the prognosis of NSCLC patients. HIST1H2BH and PLK1 might become prognostic biomarkers of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beilun District People's Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Lin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jia-Long Guo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hua-Song Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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6
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The cure rate for metastatic osteosarcoma has not substantially improved over the past decades. Clinical trials of anti-HER2 trastuzumab or anti-GD2 dinutuximab for metastatic or refractory osteosarcoma were not successful, and neither was immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS We tested various target antigen expressions on osteosarcoma cell lines using flow cytometry and analyzed in vitro T cell engaging BsAb (T-BsAb)-dependent T cell-mediated cytotoxicity using 4-h 51Cr release assay. We tested in vivo anti-tumor activities of T-BsAb targeting GD2 or HER2 in established osteosarcoma cell line or patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models carried out in BALB-Rag2-/-IL-2R-γc-KO (BRG) mice. We also generated ex vivo BsAb-armed T cells (EATs) and studied their tumor-suppressive effect against osteosarcoma xenografts. In order to improve the anti-tumor response, ICIs, anti-human PD-1 (pembrolizumab) or anti-human PD-L1 (atezolizumab) antibodies were tested their synergy with GD2- or HER2-BsAb against osteosarcoma. RESULTS GD2 and HER2 were chosen from a panel of surface markers on osteosarcoma cell lines and PDXs. Anti-GD2 BsAb or anti-HER2 BsAb exerted potent anti-tumor effect against osteosarcoma tumors in vitro and in vivo. T cells armed with anti-GD2-BsAb (GD2-EATs) or anti-HER2-BsAb (HER2-EATs) showed significant anti-tumor activities as well. Anti-PD-L1 combination treatment enhanced BsAb-armed T cell function in vivo and improved tumor control and survival of the mice, when given sequentially and continuously. CONCLUSION Anti-GD2 and anti-HER2 BsAbs were effective in controlling osteosarcoma. These data support the clinical investigation of GD2 and HER2 targeted T-BsAb treatment in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly anti-PD-L1, in patients with osteosarcoma to improve their treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong A Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, Box 170, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nai-Kong V Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, Box 170, New York, NY, USA.
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Tervo S, Seppälä M, Rautiainen M, Huhtala H, Salo T, Al-Samadi A, Kuopio T, Ahtiainen M, Tommola S, Paavonen T, Toppila-Salmi S. The expression and prognostic relevance of programmed cell death protein 1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. APMIS 2020; 128:626-636. [PMID: 32978821 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint receptor which plays an important role in a patient's immune responses to microbial and cancer antigens. It is expressed in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with many different malignancies. The aim of the study was to evaluate PD-1 expression and its prognostic value in tongue cancer. The data of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) patients (N = 81) treated in Tampere University Hospital between 1999 and 2013 were used. Control data consisted of patients with non-malignant tongue mucous membrane lesions (N = 48). The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were stained immunohistochemically and scanned via digital microscope. The staining of PD-1 was examined semi-quantitatively. The density and intensity of PD-1 + cells were significantly higher in TSCC than in control samples. The expression of PD-1 correlated with better survival. The expression of PD-1 could be a potential prognostic marker in TSCC. Further research using larger sample size is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Tervo
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories Ltd., Tampere, Finland
| | - Miia Seppälä
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Rautiainen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clincium, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clincium, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teijo Kuopio
- Department of Pathology, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Maarit Ahtiainen
- Department of Education and Research, Central Finland Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Timo Paavonen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Fimlab laboratories Ltd., Tampere, Finland
| | - Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Blidner AG, Choi J, Cooksley T, Dougan M, Glezerman I, Ginex P, Girotra M, Gupta D, Johnson D, Shannon VR, Suarez-Almazor M, Rapoport BL, Anderson R. Cancer immunotherapy-related adverse events: causes and challenges. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:6111-6117. [PMID: 32857220 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the success and ongoing promise of monoclonal antibody-targeted immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy of advanced malignancies, in particular, antibodies directed against CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1, the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remains a constraint of this type of therapy. Although rarely fatal, the occurrence of irAEs may necessitate discontinuation of immunotherapy, as well as administration of corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive therapies that may not only compromise efficacy but also predispose for development of opportunistic infection. Clearly, retention of efficacy of immune checkpoint-targeted therapies with concurrent attenuation of immune-mediated toxicity represents a formidable challenge. In this context, the current brief review examines mechanistic relationships between these events, as well as recent insights into immunopathogenesis, and strategies which may contribute to resolving this issue. These sections are preceded by brief overviews of the discovery and functions of CTLA-4 and PD-1, as well as the chronology of the development of immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibodies which target these immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada G Blidner
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jennifer Choi
- Division of Oncodermatology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tim Cooksley
- The Christie & Manchester University Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Dougan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ilya Glezerman
- Renal Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Monica Girotra
- Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College (MG, AF), New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dipti Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vickie R Shannon
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Maria Suarez-Almazor
- Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Bernardo L Rapoport
- The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, 129 Oxford Road, Saxonwold, Johannesburg, 2196, South Africa.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Box 667, Pretoria, PO, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Ronald Anderson
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Box 667, Pretoria, PO, 0001, South Africa
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Suzuki Y, Karayama M, Uto T, Fujii M, Matsui T, Asada K, Kusagaya H, Kato M, Matsuda H, Matsuura S, Toyoshima M, Mori K, Ito Y, Koyauchi T, Yasui H, Hozumi H, Furuhashi K, Enomoto N, Fujisawa T, Nakamura Y, Inui N, Suda T. Assessment of Immune-Related Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients With NSCLC Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Multicenter Prospective Study. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:1317-27. [PMID: 32289515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Programmed cell death protein 1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been reported to improve the survival of patients with NSCLC. On the expansion of clinical administration for a variety of cancers, immune-related adverse events have been typically recognized to be associated with ICIs, therefore, necessitating the monitoring and management of these patients. Among immune-related adverse events, immune-related interstitial lung disease (ir-ILD) is a serious complication that interrupts treatment and can occasionally be fatal. However, no prospective studies have investigated the incidence of ir-ILD and associated risk factors for its development in the clinical setting. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study consisting of patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs. Baseline characteristics, including laboratory data, pulmonary function tests, daily symptoms of dyspnea defined by the modified Medical Research Council, and antitumor response were assessed. RESULTS Among the 138 patients with NSCLC who received anti-programmed cell death protein 1 monotherapy, 20 patients (14.5%) had ir-ILD within median 51.5 days (interquartile range: 29-147). This was approximately three times higher than those in clinical trials. A total of 11 patients (55.0%), including all eight patients with high-grade ir-ILD (≥grade 3), developed ir-ILD within 60 days. Impaired spirometry, decreased forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and daily symptoms of dyspnea measured using the modified Medical Research Council scale were identified as risk factors for ir-ILD development. In addition, combination assessment of forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second successfully classified patients at risk for ir-ILD development. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ir-ILD was substantially higher in the clinical setting. Assessment of spirometry and daily dyspneic symptoms before ICI treatment may be useful in monitoring and managing patients with NSCLC.
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10
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Dadiani M, Necula D, Kahana-Edwin S, Oren N, Baram T, Marin I, Morzaev-Sulzbach D, Pavlovski A, Balint-Lahat N, Anafi L, Wiemann S, Korner C, Gal-Yam EN, Avivi C, Kaufman B, Barshack I, Ben-Baruch A. TNFR2+ TILs are significantly associated with improved survival in triple-negative breast cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1315-1326. [PMID: 32198536 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In view of the relatively limited efficacy of immunotherapies targeting the PD-1-PD-L1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and of published reports on tumor-promoting roles of TNFR2+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TNFR2+ TILs), we determined the incidence of TNFR2+ TILs in TNBC patient tumors, their association with disease outcome and relations with PD-1+ TILs. Using a cohort of treatment-naïve TNBC patients with long follow-up (n = 70), we determined the presence of TNFR2+ TILs and PD-1+ TILs by immunohistochemistry. TILs (≥ 1% of cellular mass) and TNFR2+ TILs (≥ 1% of total TILs) were detected in 96% and 74% of tumors, respectively. The presence of TILs at > 5% of tumor cell mass ("Positive TILs"), as well as of positive TNFR2+ TILs (> 5%), was independently associated with good prognosis, and combination of both parameters demonstrated superior outcome relative to their lower levels. PD1+ TILs (> 5/hot spot) were detected in 63% of patients. High levels of PD-1+ TILs (> 20/hot spot) showed an unfavorable disease outcome, and in their presence, the favorable outcome of positive TNFR2+ TILs was ablated. Thus, TNFR2+ TILs are strongly connected to improved prognosis in TNBC; these findings suggest that TNFR2+ TILs have favorable effects in TNBC patients, unlike the tumor-promoting roles attributed to them in other cancer systems. Overall, our observations propose that the TNFR2+ TIL subset should not be targeted in the course of TNBC therapy; rather, its beneficial impacts may become into power when anti-PD-1 regimens-that may potentiate immune activities-are administered to TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Dadiani
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Daniela Necula
- Pathology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Nino Oren
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamir Baram
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irina Marin
- Pathology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Anya Pavlovski
- Pathology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Liat Anafi
- Pathology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cindy Korner
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Camila Avivi
- Pathology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Bella Kaufman
- Breast Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Pathology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adit Ben-Baruch
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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11
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Abstract
CCL21 promotes immune activity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by colocalizing dendritic cells (DC) and T cells programing ectopic lymph node architectural structures that correlate with cancer prognosis. Innovative strategies to deliver CCL21 in cancer patients will reactivate the downregulated immune activity in the TME. Immune escape mechanisms are upregulated in the TME that promote tumor immune evasion. CCL21 combined with inhibition of dominant pathways of immune evasion will aid in the development of effective immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherven Sharma
- Department of Medicine, UCLA Lung Cancer Research Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Molecular Gene Medicine Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Pournima Kadam
- Molecular Gene Medicine Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven Dubinett
- Department of Medicine, UCLA Lung Cancer Research Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Gene Medicine Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Ji P, Gong Y, Hu X. [Role of PD-1/PD-L1 in microenvironment of breast cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2019; 41:401-405. [PMID: 31216823 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), as a checkpoint of the immune signaling pathway, is a hotspot in the field of immuno-oncology. Its binding with ligand (PD-L1) is an important negative regulatory mechanism. Application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in treatments of breast cancer is still being explored at present. Fully understanding the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 in the microenvironment of breast cancer will help their inhibitors play a full role. This review will start with the discovery of PD-1 and PD-L1, describe their main signaling pathways, introduce the common types and applications of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, especially in breast cancer, summarize the basic research of PD-1 and PD-L1 in breast cancer microenvironment in recent years, and seek new strategies of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ji
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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13
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Kruger S, Ilmer M, Kobold S, Cadilha BL, Endres S, Ormanns S, Schuebbe G, Renz BW, D'Haese JG, Schloesser H, Heinemann V, Subklewe M, Boeck S, Werner J, von Bergwelt-Baildon M. Advances in cancer immunotherapy 2019 - latest trends. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:268. [PMID: 31217020 PMCID: PMC6585101 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become an established pillar of cancer treatment improving the prognosis of many patients with a broad variety of hematological and solid malignancies. The two main drivers behind this success are checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. This review summarizes seminal findings from clinical and translational studies recently presented or published at important meetings or in top-tier journals, respectively. For checkpoint blockade, current studies focus on combinational approaches, perioperative use, new tumor entities, response prediction, toxicity management and use in special patient populations. Regarding cellular immunotherapy, recent studies confirmed safety and efficacy of CAR T cells in larger cohorts of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Different strategies to translate the striking success of CAR T cells in B cell malignancies to other hematological and solid cancer types are currently under clinical investigation. Regarding the regional distribution of registered clinical immunotherapy trials a shift from PD-1 / PD-L1 trials (mainly performed in the US and Europe) to CAR T cell trials (majority of trials performed in the US and China) can be noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kruger
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377, Munich, Germany.
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno L Cadilha
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Endres
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Gesa Schuebbe
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Volker Heinemann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marion Subklewe
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Gene Center LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Boeck
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich; and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
- Gene Center LMU, Munich, Germany
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14
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Abstract
Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1, as negative co-stimulatory molecules, are indispensable for regulating both physiological and pathological immune responses. The PD-1/PD-L1-mediated signaling pathway has been studied extensively in cancer research and has become a hotspot for biopharmaceuticals and immunotherapy. Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies to PD-1 have just been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat certain types of malignancies. Recent research has unveiled a close association between the PD-1/PD-L1 system and eye diseases. This review describes the expression and physiological functions of PD-1 and its ligand in ocular tissues and summarizes the pathogenic, regulatory, and therapeutic roles of PD-1/PD-L1 system in eye diseases, including uveal melanoma, autoimmune uveitis, autoimmune dry eye, sympathetic ophthalmia, Graves' ophthalmopathy, diabetic retinopathy, herpes simplex keratitis, and trachoma, with the intent of highlighting the potential of PD-1/PD-L1 as novel therapeutic targets or biomarkers for these ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Wang
- a Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Mianmian Wu
- a Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Yunshan Cao
- b Department of Cardiology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , Lanzhou , China.,c Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,d Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- a Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Fang Guo
- a Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- a Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Yan Zhang
- a Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital , Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
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15
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Bi Y, Ren X, Bai X, Meng Y, Luo Y, Cao J, Zhang Y, Liang Z. PD-1/PD-L1 expressions in medullary thyroid carcinoma: Clinicopathologic and prognostic analysis of Chinese population. Eur J Surg Oncol 2018; 45:353-358. [PMID: 30528043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have focused on PD-L1 expression in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 and their clinicopathologic and prognostic relevance were therefore further investigated on a relatively large population of MTC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgical specimens were obtained from 87 MTC patients during a median follow-up of 37.7 months. PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions on tumor and associated immune cells were studied immunohistochemically using >1% positive cells as a threshold for positivity. Their correlations with clinicopathologic and prognostic feature were analyzed. RESULTS PD-1 and PD-L1 were positively stained in 22 and 19 MTC patients. Most PD-L1-positive cases (18/19) showed weak to moderate staining intensity. PD-1 and PD-L1 were co-expressed in 11 patients. PD-L1 positivity was significantly correlated with distant metastases at surgery (21.1% vs 1.5%, P = 0.007). Coexpression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in MTC was correlated with advanced pathologic TNM stage III/IV (P = 0.040) and distant metastases at surgery (P = 0.013). However, there was no other clinicopathologic and prognostic relevance regarding to PD-1, PD-L1 or their coexpression in our MTC patients. CONCLUSION PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was expressed in MTC patients and was significantly correlated with the distant metastases at surgery, which may shed light on PD-1/PD-L1 as a promising therapeutic target in MTC. Future better understanding of PD-1/PD-L1 expression and their relationship with immunotherapy response may provide direct evidence for management of refractory MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Bi
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xinyu Ren
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaohui Bai
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yunxiao Meng
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yufeng Luo
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jinling Cao
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE In this study we addressed the question whether radiation-induced adverse effects on T cell activation are associated with alterations of T cell checkpoint receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression levels of checkpoint receptors on T cell subpopulations were analyzed at multiple post-radiation time points ranging from one to four weeks in mice receiving a single fraction of 1 or 4 Gy of γ-ray. T cell activation associated metabolic changes were assessed. RESULTS Our results showed that prior irradiation resulted in significant elevated expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in both CD4+ and CD8+ populations, at all three post-radiation time points. T cells with elevated PD-1 mostly were either central memory or naïve cells. In addition, the feedback induction of PD-1 expression in activated T cells declined after radiation. CONCLUSION Taken together, the elevated PD-1 level observed at weeks after radiation exposure is connected to T cell dysfunction. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have showed that a combination of radiotherapy and T cell checkpoint blockade immunotherapy including targeting the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis may potentiate the antitumor response. Understanding the dynamic changes in PD-1 levels in T cells after radiation should help in the development of a more effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguan Li
- a Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin , China
| | - Renxiang Chen
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology , Georgetown University , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Yi-Wen Wang
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology , Georgetown University , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology , Georgetown University , Washington , DC , USA.,c Department of Oncology , Georgetown University , Washington , DC , USA
| | - Heng-Hong Li
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology , Georgetown University , Washington , DC , USA.,c Department of Oncology , Georgetown University , Washington , DC , USA
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17
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Li G, Liu D, Cooper TK, Kimchi ET, Qi X, Avella DM, Li N, Yang QX, Kester M, Rountree CB, Kaifi JT, Cole DJ, Rockey DC, Schell TD, Staveley-O'Carroll KF. Successful chemoimmunotherapy against hepatocellular cancer in a novel murine model. J Hepatol 2017; 66:75-85. [PMID: 27520877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We have established a clinically relevant animal model of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in immune competent mice to elucidate the complex dialog between host immunity and tumors during HCC initiation and progression. Mechanistic findings have been leveraged to develop a clinically feasible anti-tumor chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy. METHODS Intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride and intrasplenic inoculation of oncogenic hepatocytes were combined to induce progressive HCCs in fibrotic livers of immunocompetent mice. Immunization and adoptive cell transfer (ACT) were used to dissect the tumor antigen-specific immune response. The ability of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib to enhance immunotherapy in the setting of HCC was evaluated. RESULTS This new mouse model mimics human HCC and reflects its typical features. Tumor-antigen-specific CD8+ T cells maintained a naïve phenotype and remained responsive during early-stage tumor progression. Late tumor progression produced circulating tumor cells, tumor migration into draining lymph nodes, and profound exhaustion of tumor-antigen-specific CD8+ T cells associated with accumulation of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)hi CD8+ T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Sunitinib-mediated tumoricidal effect and Treg suppression synergized with antibody-mediated blockade of PD-1 to powerfully suppress tumor growth and activate anti-tumor immunity. CONCLUSION Treg accumulation and upregulation of PD-1 provide two independent mechanisms to induce profound immune tolerance in HCC. Chemoimmunotherapy using Food and Drug Administration-approved sunitinib with anti-PD-1 antibodies achieved significant tumor control, supporting translation of this approach for the treatment of HCC patients. LAY SUMMARY In the current study, we have established a clinically relevant mouse model which mimics human liver cancer. Using this unique model, we studied the response of the immune system to this aggressive cancer. Findings from this trial have led to the development of an innovative and clinically feasible chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy.
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