1
|
Wang L, Mu H, Sun Y, Jin Y, Zhang W. Asymmetric synthesis of spiro[4H-chromene-3,3'-oxindoles] via a squaramide-organocatalytic three-component cascade Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclization sequence. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10852-6. [PMID: 38687399 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric synthesis of spiro[4H-chromene-3,3'-oxindole] derivatives was realized through an organocatalytic cascade Knoevenagel/Michael/cyclization reaction using a quinidine-derived squaramide. Under the optimized conditions, the reactions of isatins, malononitrile, and sesamol yield the desired spirooxindoles in good yields (75-87%) and moderate to high ee values (up to 90% ee).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, 132013, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sakla AP, Bazaz MR, Mahale A, Sharma P, Valapil DG, Kulkarni OP, Dandekar MP, Shankaraiah N. Development of Benzimidazole-Substituted Spirocyclopropyl Oxindole Derivatives as Cytotoxic Agents: Tubulin Polymerization Inhibition and Apoptosis Inducing Studies. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400052. [PMID: 38517377 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A series of spirocyclopropyl oxindoles with benzimidazole substitutions was synthesized and tested for their cytotoxicity against selected human cancer cells. Most of the molecules exhibited significant antiproliferative activity with compound 12 p being the most potent. It exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50 value 3.14±0.50 μM), evidenced by the decrease in viable cells and increased apoptotic features during phase contrast microscopy, such as AO/EB, DAPI and DCFDA staining studies. Compound 12 p also inhibited cell migration in wound healing assay. Anticancer potential of 12 p was proved by the inhibition of tubulin polymerization with IC50 of 5.64±0.15 μM. These results imply the potential of benzimidazole substituted spirocyclopropyl oxindoles, notably 12 p, as cytotoxic agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akash P Sakla
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Mohd Rabi Bazaz
- Department of Biological Sciences (Pharmacology & Toxicology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Ashutosh Mahale
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Pravesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Durgesh Gurukkala Valapil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Onkar Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Biological Sciences (Pharmacology & Toxicology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Omidvar AR, Asghari S, Ghasempour L, Mohseni M. One Pot Synthesis and Biological Activity Studies of New Spirooxindoles. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202301942. [PMID: 38393713 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This article reports one-pot synthesis of ten novel spirooxindoles using 5-methyl-2-thiohydantoin, isatin derivatives, and malononitrile in good to high yields (65-90 %). The structures of the synthesized compounds were deduced by 1H-NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and Mass spectral data. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was evaluated against two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) based on the Kirby-Bauer method. According to the obtained data, the synthesized compounds show more activity against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. Also, the antioxidant activity of these compounds was measured using the DPPH radical scavenging test method, which showed good to excellent activity (59.65-94.03 %). Among them, the chlorinated derivatives (4 f-j) exhibited more antioxidant activity (84.85-94.03 %) than the other compounds (4 a-e) (56.65-74.4 %) and even ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant compound (82.3 %).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Reza Omidvar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| | - Sakineh Asghari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| | - Leila Ghasempour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, 47416-95447, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chahat, Bhatia R, Kumar B. p53 as a potential target for treatment of cancer: A perspective on recent advancements in small molecules with structural insights and SAR studies. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 247:115020. [PMID: 36543034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the world's biggest hazardous diseases. p53 is the uttermost researched tumour suppressor protein. It is commonly considered the "guardian of the genome," performing a critical function in genetic stability maintenance through controlling the cell cycle, programmed cell death, DNA repair, aging, and angiogenesis. The abnormalities in p53 lead to genetic instability and plays a significant role in carcinogenesis. The role of p53 in tumour suppression is emphasized in addition by the observation that primary silencing with this protein occurred in more than 50% of cancers. MDM2, p53, and the p53-MDM2 connections are well-known targets for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Moreover, in tumors with wild-type p53, their efficacy is decreased due to MDM2 enlargement or by the gradual decrease of MDM2 blocker ARF. As a result, improving p53 activity in cancerous cells provides a promising anticancer strategy. Various techniques are now being investigated, and addressing the p53-MDM2 interaction had also evolved as a potentially feasible strategy for contending with tumors. Both p53 and MDM2, interact via an autoregulation response signal: p53 activity induces MDM2 transcription, which in response interacts with p53's N-terminal transactivation domain, inhibiting its transcriptional activity. This article provides information on the current scenario of anti-tumor activities, with a particular emphasis on structure-activity relationship characteristics (SAR) against the p53-MDM2 to treat cancer. The primary purpose of this review is to cover recent advancements in the creation and testing of anticancer drugs that target the p53-MDM2 structure. This review contains different heterocyclic moieties which show significant results toward cancer. A mechanistic route is shown here, demonstrating both normal and malignant conditions via several stressed factors. Several compounds entered clinical trials as p53-MDM2 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T. Road MOGA, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T. Road MOGA, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University, Chauras Campus, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nasri S, Bayat M, Farahani HV, Karami S. Synthesis of new functionalized thiazolo pyridine-fused and thiazolo pyridopyrimidine-fused spirooxindoles via one-pot reactions. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03687. [PMID: 32258502 PMCID: PMC7114753 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A sequential multi-component reaction of the nitroketene dithioacetals, cysteamine hydrochloride, isatin and different CH-acids is described. This efficient method provides new functionalized thiazolo pyridine-fused spirooxindoles and thiazolo pyridopyrimidine-fused spirooxindoles in good yields. In the case of using isatin derivatives (5-bromoisatin and 5-chloroisatin), the reaction was carried out by using nano-SiO2 (20 mol%) as an effective heterogeneous Lewis acid promoter. This type of reaction provides a range of skeletally different polycyclic spiro thiazole-based heterocyclic structures and represents attractive advantages including straightforward one-pot operation under the catalyst-free condition and simple workup procedures without using tedious purification procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar SV, Rani GU, Divyalakshmi M, Bhuvanesh N, Muthusubramanian S, Perumal S. Synthesis of benzosuberone-tethered spirooxindoles: 1-3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and arylidene benzosuberones. Mol Divers 2018; 23:669-680. [PMID: 30535898 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Expedient synthesis of benzosuberone-tethered spirooxindoles was accomplished by a three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between azomethine ylide (generated in situ) and arylidene benzosuberone. This protocol offers good yield and wide functional group tolerance under mild reaction condition with high regio- and stereoselectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravel Vivek Kumar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Gandhi Uma Rani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Manohar Divyalakshmi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- X-ray Diffraction Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
| | - Shanmugam Muthusubramanian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India.
| | - Subbu Perumal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nunes RC, Ribeiro CJA, Monteiro Â, Rodrigues CMP, Amaral JD, Santos MMM. In vitro targeting of colon cancer cells using spiropyrazoline oxindoles. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:168-179. [PMID: 28800455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and biological evaluation of a library of twenty-three spiropyrazoline oxindoles. The antiproliferative activity of the chemical library was evaluated in HCT-116 p53(+/+) human colon cancer cell line with eight derivatives displaying good activities (IC50<15 μM). To characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in compound antitumoral activity, two spiropyrazoline oxindoles were selected for further studies. Both compounds were able to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and upregulated p53 steady-state levels, while decreasing its main inhibitor MDM2. Importantly, cytotoxic effects induced by spiropyrazolines oxindoles occurred in cancer cells without eliciting cell death in non-malignant CCD-18Co human colon fibroblasts. Additionally, we demonstrated that the combination of spiropyrazoline oxindole 2e with sub-toxic concentrations of the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) exerted a synergistic inhibitory effect on HCT-116 colon cancer cell proliferation. Collectively, our results show the potential of spiropyrazoline oxindoles for development of novel anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rute C Nunes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos J A Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ângelo Monteiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana D Amaral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Maria M M Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal. /
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shrestha R, Sharma K, Lee YR, Wee YJ. Cerium oxide-catalyzed multicomponent condensation approach to spirooxindoles in water. Mol Divers 2016; 20:847-858. [PMID: 27138471 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and facile green synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives bearing pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole moiety has been achieved via a [Formula: see text]-NPs catalyzed four-component reaction in water. The protocol offers an environmentally benign and effective approach to highly functionalized and biologically interesting spiro[indoline-3,4[Formula: see text]-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole] derivatives. The synthesized compounds exhibit potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Shrestha
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kavita Sharma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Jung Wee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang YL, Li YF, Wang JW, Yu B, Shi YK, Liu HM. Multicomponent assembly of novel antiproliferative steroidal dihydropyridinyl spirooxindoles. Steroids 2016; 109:22-8. [PMID: 26976211 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent assembly of steroidal dihydropyridinyl spirooxindoles from pregnenolone, isatins, malononitrile, and ammonium acetate is described, which involves the formation of two C-C bonds, two C-N bonds, and an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center in a single operation. MTT assays showed that some of these compounds had moderate to excellent cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines and were more potent than 5-FU. Particularly, compound 5o represented excellent inhibitory effect toward EC-109 (IC50=0.3 μM), being about 33-fold more potent than 5-FU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University and Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University and Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jun-Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University and Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University and Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yun-Kai Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University and Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhengzhou University and Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu B, Sun XN, Shi XJ, Qi PP, Zheng YC, Yu DQ, Liu HM. Efficient synthesis of novel antiproliferative steroidal spirooxindoles via the [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides. Steroids 2015; 102:92-100. [PMID: 26256638 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel steroidal spirooxindoles 3a-h were synthesized from pregnenolone in a high regioselective manner using the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition as the key step. This protocol resulted in the formation of two C-C bonds, one C-N bond and the creation of one pyrrolidine ring and three contiguous stereocenters in a single operation. Biological evaluation showed that these synthesized steroidal spirooxindoles exhibited moderate to good antiproliferative activity against the tested cell lines and some of them were more potent than 5-FU. Among them, compounds 3e and 3f displayed the best antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells with the IC50 values of 4.0 and 3.9μM, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that compound 3d caused the cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a concentration-dependent manner. Docking results indicated that compound 3d fitted well into the MDM2 active site 1RV1 by interacting with Lys94 and Thr101 residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Nan Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Huanghe Sanmenxia of Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia 472000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jing Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Ping-Ping Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - De-Quan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu B, Yu Z, Qi PP, Yu DQ, Liu HM. Drug discovery using spirooxindole cores: Success and Challenges [corrected]. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 95:35-40. [PMID: 25791677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The identification of novel anticancer agents with high efficacy and low toxicity has always been an intriguing topic in medicinal chemistry. The unique structural features of spirooxindoles together with diverse biological activities have made them promising structures in new drug discovery. “Among spirooxindoles, CFI-400945, recently discovered by Sampson et al., is a potent PLK4 inhibitor, which has entered phase I clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors. However, questions remain as to whether PLK4 is the only relevant therapeutic target for CFI-400945. To highlight this significant progress of CFI-400945 in last two years, this review centers on the identification from a focused kinase library, structural optimizations and strategies involved, structure-activity relationships, modes of action, target validation, chemical synthesis and, more importantly, the kinase selectivity between PLK4 and other targets [corrected].
Collapse
|
12
|
Kumar A, Gupta G, Bishnoi AK, Saxena R, Saini KS, Konwar R, Kumar S, Dwivedi A. Design and synthesis of new bioisosteres of spirooxindoles (MI-63/219) as anti-breast cancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 23:839-48. [PMID: 25618595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the design and synthesis of bioisosteres of spirooxindole (MI-63/219), a small-molecule inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction as anti-breast cancer agents. Compound 5b has been exhibiting significant anti-proliferative activity in nude mice bearing MCF-7 xenograft tumor. The compound 5b was found to act via modulation of MDM2 and p53 expression in breast cancer cells expressing wild type p53. Compound 5b stimulated p53 activation, caused modulation of downstream effectors p21, pRb, and cyclin D1 which regulate cell cycle. Thus, compound triggered G1-S phase cell cycle arrest, which was evident by flow cytometric analysis of treated breast cancer cells. Thus, compound 5b restores the p53 function, which triggers molecular events consistent with cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India.
| | - Garima Gupta
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Bishnoi
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Saxena
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Karan Singh Saini
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Rituraj Konwar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anila Dwivedi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, (CSIR-CDRI), Sector 10, Jankipuram, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India
| |
Collapse
|