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Long Y, Ang Y, Chen W, Wang Y, Shi M, Hu F, Zhou Q, Shi Y, Ge B, Peng Y, Yu W, Bao H, Li Q, Duan M, Gao J. Hydrogen alleviates impaired lung epithelial barrier in acute respiratory distress syndrome via inhibiting Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission through the Trx1 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 218:132-148. [PMID: 38554812 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute and severe clinical complication lacking effective therapeutic interventions. The disruption of the lung epithelial barrier plays a crucial role in ARDS pathogenesis. Recent studies have proposed the involvement of abnormal mitochondrial dynamics mediated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in the mechanism of impaired epithelial barrier in ARDS. Hydrogen is an anti-oxidative stress molecule that regulates mitochondrial function via multiple signaling pathways. Our previous study confirmed that hydrogen modulated oxidative stress and attenuated acute pulmonary edema in ARDS by upregulating thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) expression, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydrogen on mitochondrial dynamics both in vivo and in vitro. Our study revealed that hydrogen inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced phosphorylation of Drp1 (at Ser616), suppressed Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission, alleviated epithelial tight junction damage and cell apoptosis, and improved the integrity of the epithelial barrier. This process was associated with the upregulation of Trx1 in lung epithelial tissues of ARDS mice by hydrogen. In addition, hydrogen treatment reduced the production of reactive oxygen species in LPS-induced airway epithelial cells (AECs) and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating that the mitochondrial dysfunction was restored. Then, the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occludens 1 was upregulated, and apoptosis in AECs was alleviated. Remarkably, the protective effects of hydrogen on the mitochondrial and epithelial barrier were eliminated after applying the Trx1 inhibitor PX-12. The results showed that hydrogen significantly inhibited the cell apoptosis and the disruption of epithelial tight junctions, maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier in mice of ARDS. This might be related to the inhibition of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission through the Trx1 pathway. The findings of this study provided a new theoretical basis for the application of hydrogen in the clinical treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yang Ang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinling College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jinling College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Min Shi
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fan Hu
- State Key Labortory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yadan Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Baokui Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Yigen Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Wanyou Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Hongguang Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210000, China.
| | - Manlin Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China.
| | - Ju Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yangzhou Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Yangzhou, 225001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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Lundberg M, Bohman H, Curbo S, Mansouri S, Agartz I, Areström I, Ahlborg N. Development of an ELISA displaying similar reactivity with reduced and oxidized human Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1): The plasma level of Trx1 in early onset psychosis disorders. J Immunol Methods 2022; 510:113347. [PMID: 36058259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The plasma level of human thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) has been shown to be increased in various somatic diseases and psychiatric disorders. However, when comparing the reported plasma levels of Trx1, a great inter-study variability, as well as variability in study outcomes of differences between patients and control subjects has been observed, ultimately limiting the possibility to make comparative analyses. Trx1 is a highly redox active protein prone to form various redox forms, e.g. dimers, oligomers or Trx1-protein complexes. We have recently shown that ELISA systems may vary in reactivity to various Trx1 redox forms. The primary aim of the present study was to develop an ELISA system with similar reactivity to various Trx1 redox forms. By evaluating a panel of novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in various paired combinations, three ELISA systems were generated, with observed large variability in reactivity to various Trx1 redox forms. Importantly, an ELISA system (capture mAb MT17R6 and detection mAb MT13X3-biotin), was identified that displayed similar reactivity to oxidized and DTT reduced Trx1. The ELISA system (MT17R6/MT13X3-biotin), was subsequently used to analyze the level of Trx1 in plasma from patients (<18 years) with early onset psychosis disorders (EOP). However, no significant (p > 0.7) difference in plasma Trx1 levels between patients with EOP (n = 23) and healthy age matched controls (HC) (n = 20) were observed. Furthermore, reliable measurement was shown to be dependent on the establishment of platelet poor plasma samples, enabled by rigorous blood sample centrifugation and by efficient blocking of potentially interfering heterophilic antibodies. In conclusion, we report the design and characterization of a Trx1 ELISA system with similar reactivity to various Trx1 redox forms. Importantly, data indicated that generated ELISA systems show large variability in reactivity to various redox forms with ultimate impact on measured levels of Trx1. Overall, results from this study suggests that future studies may be strongly improved by the use of Trx1 ELISA systems with characterized specificity to various redox forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychiatry Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Hannes Bohman
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychiatry Unit, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sophie Curbo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shiva Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Niklas Ahlborg
- Mabtech, Nacka Strand, Sweden; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wennergren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lu F, Fang D, Li S, Zhong Z, Jiang X, Qi Q, Liu Y, Zhang W, Xu X, Liu Y, Zhu W, Jiang L. Thioredoxin 1 supports colorectal cancer cell survival and promotes migration and invasion under glucose deprivation through interaction with G6PD. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5539-5553. [PMID: 36147458 PMCID: PMC9461668 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.71809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming energy stress is a critical step for cells in solid tumors. Under this stress microenvironment, cancer cells significantly alter their energy metabolism to maintain cell survival and even metastasis. Our previous studies have shown that thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) expression is increased in colorectal cancer (CRC) and promotes cell proliferation. However, the exact role and mechanism of how Trx-1 is involved in energy stress are still unknown. Here, we observed that glucose deprivation of CRC cells led to cell death and promoted the migration and invasion, accompanied by upregulation of Trx-1. Increased Trx-1 supported CRC cell survival under glucose deprivation. Whereas knockdown of Trx-1 sensitized CRC cells to glucose deprivation-induced cell death and reversed glucose deprivation-induced migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, we identified glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) interacting with Trx-1 by HuPortTM human protein chip, co-IP and co-localization. Trx-1 promoted G6PD protein expression and activity under glucose deprivation, thereby increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) generation. Moreover, G6PD knockdown sensitized CRC cells to glucose deprivation-induced cell death and suppressed glucose deprivation-induced migration, invasion, and EMT. Inhibition of Trx-1 and G6PD, together with inhibition of glycolysis using 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), resulted in significant anti-tumor effects in CRC xenografts in vivo. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism and may represent a new effective therapeutic regimen for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Lu
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Changzhou maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Daoquan Fang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zuyue Zhong
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiujiao Jiang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qinqin Qi
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yining Liu
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weijian Zhu
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Tian Y, Ge Z, Xu M, Ge X, Zhao M, Ding F, Yin J, Wang X, You Y, Shi Z, Qian X. Diallyl trisulfide sensitizes radiation therapy on glioblastoma through directly targeting thioredoxin 1. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 189:157-168. [PMID: 35921994 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a standard-of-care treatment approach for glioblastoma (GBM) patients, but therapeutic resistance to radiotherapy remains a major challenge. Here we demonstrate that diallyl trisulfide (DATS) directly conjugates with cysteine (C) 32 and C35 (C32/35) residues of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) through Michael addition reactions. Due to localizing in activity center of Trx1, the conjugation between DATS and C32/35 results in inhibition of Trx1 activity, therefore disturbing thioredoxin system and leading to accumulated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). High levels of Trx1 expression are correlated with poor prognosis of glioma patients. Notably, we reveal that DATS synergistically enhances irradiation (IR)-induced ROS accumulation, apoptosis, DNA damage, as well as inhibition of tumor growth of GBM cells. These findings highlight the potential benefits of DATS in sensitizing radiotherapy of GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Zehe Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Department of Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Fangshu Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Jianxing Yin
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Xiuxing Wang
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Technologies, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Yongping You
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Zhumei Shi
- Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China.
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China.
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Lee YJ, Kim Y, Choi BB, Kim JR, Ko HM, Suh KH, Lee JS. The blood level of thioredoxin 1 as a supporting biomarker in the detection of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:12. [PMID: 34979986 PMCID: PMC8722095 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a long-time unmet need for a means to detect breast cancer (BC) using blood. Although mammography is accepted as the gold standard for screening, a blood-based diagnostic can complement mammography and assist in the accurate detection of BC in the diagnostic process period of early diagnosis. We have previously reported the possible use of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) in serum as a novel means to detect BC. In the present study, we validated the clinical utility of Trx1 to identify BC by testing sera from biopsy-confirmed cancer patients and women without cancer. METHODS We have generated monoclonal antibodies against Trx1 and developed an ELISA kit that can quantitate Trx1 in sera. The level of Trx1 was determined in each serum from women without cancer (n = 114), as well as in serum from patients with BC (n = 106) and other types of cancers (n = 74), including cervical, lung, stomach, colorectal, and thyroid cancer. The sera from BC patients were collected and classified by the subjects' age and cancer stage. In addition to the Trx1 levels of BC patients, several pathological and molecular aspects of BC were analyzed. Test results were retrospectively compared to those from mammography. Each test was duplicated, and test results were analyzed by ROC analysis, one-way ANOVA tests, and unpaired t-tests. RESULTS The mean level of Trx1 from women without cancer was 5.45 ± 4.16 (±SD) ng/ml, that of the other malignant cancer patient group was 2.70 ± 2.01 ng/ml, and that from the BC group was 21.96 ± 6.79 ng/ml. The difference among these values was large enough to distinguish BC sera from non-BC control sera with a sensitivity of 97.17% and specificity of 94.15% (AUC 0.990, p < 0.0001). Most Trx1 levels from BC patients' sera were higher than the cut-off value of 11.4 ng/ml regardless of age, stage, histological grade, type, and specific receptors' expression profile of BC. The level of Trx1 could rescue women from most cases of misread or incomplete mammography diagnoses. CONCLUSION These results indicated that the blood level of Trx1 could be an effective and accurate means to assist the detection of BC during the early diagnosis period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20, Bodeum 7-ro, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Young Kim
- E&S Healthcare, 11-3, Techno 1-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 262 Seongsan-no, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Bae Choi
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Je Ryong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Mi Ko
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Hoon Suh
- E&S Healthcare, 11-3, Techno 1-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Pai Chai University, 11-3, Techno 1-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
- Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medicinal Sciences, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Ye Q, Zeng K, Pan J, Chen L, Wang Y, Yang B, He Q, Gao J, Zeng S, Yu L. 6-Dithio-2'-deoxyguanosine analogs induce reactive oxygen species-mediated tumor cell apoptosis via bi-targeting thioredoxin 1 and telomerase. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 401:115079. [PMID: 32497534 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and telomerase play key roles in the development and progression process of most tumors, and they both are promising drug therapy targets. We have, for the first time, discovered that Trx1 and telomerase had a dual-target synergistic effect. Based on that results, we designed a series of 6-dithio-2'-deoxyguanosine analogs (named as YLS00X) and verified whether they can inhibit Trx1 and telomerase simultaneously. TrxR1/Trx1 system activity and telomerase expression were significantly inhibited by 6-dithio-2'-deoxyguanosine analogs, especially YLS004. YLS004 can also cause ROS accumulation, and induce tumor cell apoptosis. The vitro antitumor activity of 6-dithio-2'-deoxyguanosine analogs using MTT assay on 11 different human cancer cells and found that human colon cancer cells(HCT116) and melanoma cells (A375) were the most sensitive cells to 6-dithio-2'-deoxyguanosine analogs treatment and vivo xenografts models also confirmed that. The serum biochemical parameters and multiple organs HE staining results of subacute experiments indicated that YLS004 might be mildly toxic to immune organs, including the thymus, spleen, and hematopoietic system. Besides, YLS004 was rapidly metabolized in the rats' blood. Our study revealed that YLS004, a Trx1 and telomerase inhibitor, has strong anti-tumor effects to colon cancer and melanoma cells and is a promising new candidate drug.
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Zhu H, Tao X, Zhou L, Sheng B, Zhu X, Zhu X. Expression of thioredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxins in squamous cervical carcinoma and its predictive role in NACT. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:865. [PMID: 31470801 PMCID: PMC6716838 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to investigate the expression of thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 in bulky cervical squamous carcinoma and its predictive role in cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Initially, the expression of thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 protein was analyzed in 13 human cervical squamous cancer tissues and their paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues by western-blotting and immunohistochemistry. Then, correlation between the expression of thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 2 and responses to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed in 35 paired tumor samples (pre- and post-chemotherapy) from bulky cervical squamous cancer patients by immunohistochemistry. Results A clinical response occurred in 48.6% (17/35) of patients, including 14.3% (5/35) with a complete response and 34.3% (12/35) with a partial response. The expression of thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 was much higher in cervical squamous cancer tissues compared with paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues by western-blotting and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, the expression of thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 was significantly up-regulated in post-chemotherapy tissues compared to pre-chemotherapy cervical cancer tissues. High levels of thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 were associated with a poor chemotherapy response in cervical squamous cancer patients. Conclusions Thioredoxin 1, peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 are frequently over-expressed in cervical squamous cancer. High expression levels of these proteins were related to a poor response to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The present study is the first report that thioredoxin peroxidase system may serve as a prediction of the responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical squamous cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuejiao Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Sheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shangcaicun Road, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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Yarana C, Thompson H, Chaiswing L, Butterfield DA, Weiss H, Bondada S, Alhakeem S, Sukati S, St Clair DK. Extracellular vesicle-mediated macrophage activation: An insight into the mechanism of thioredoxin-mediated immune activation. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101237. [PMID: 31276937 PMCID: PMC6612011 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) generated from redox active anticancer drugs are released into the extracellular environment. These EVs contain oxidized molecules and trigger inflammatory responses by macrophages. Using a mouse model of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced tissue injury, we previously found that the major sources of circulating EVs are from heart and liver, organs that are differentially affected by DOX. Here, we investigated the effects of EVs from cardiomyocytes and those from hepatocytes on macrophage activation. EVs from H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2 EVs) and EVs from FL83b mouse hepatocytes (FL83 b EVs) have different levels of protein-bound 4-hydroxynonenal and thus different immunostimulatory effects on mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. H9c2 EVs but not FL83 b EVs induced both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory macrophage activation, mediated by NFκB and Nrf-2 pathways, respectively. DOX enhanced the effects of H9c2 EVs but not FL83 b EVs. While EVs from DOX-treated H9c2 cells (H9c2 DOXEVs) suppressed mitochondrial respiration and increased glycolysis of macrophages, EVs from DOX-treated FL83b cells (FL83b DOXEVs) enhanced mitochondrial reserve capacity. Mechanistically, the different immunostimulatory functions of H9c2 EVs and FL83 b EVs are regulated, in part, by the redox status of the cytoplasmic thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) of macrophages. H9c2 DOXEVs lowered the level of reduced Trx1 in cytoplasm while FL83b DOXEVs did the opposite. Trx1 overexpression alleviated the effect of H9c2 DOXEVs on NFκB and Nrf-2 activation and prevented the upregulation of their target genes. Our findings identify EVs as a novel Trx1-mediated redox mediator of immune response, which greatly enhances our understanding of innate immune responses during cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chontida Yarana
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, 73170, Thailand
| | - Hannah Thompson
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Luksana Chaiswing
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Heidi Weiss
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Subbarao Bondada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Sara Alhakeem
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Suriyan Sukati
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA; School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80161, Thailand
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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9
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Lu T, Zong M, Fan S, Lu Y, Yu S, Fan L. Thioredoxin 1 is associated with the proliferation and apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:117-25. [PMID: 28914370 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the possible effects of thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) on the proliferation and apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs) and elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. We investigated the distribution and expression of Trx1 in synovial tissues from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses. RA-FLSs were isolated and cultured under normoxic (21% oxygen) or hypoxic (3% oxygen) concentrations. Transfection of Trx1-siRNAs and a Trx1 overexpression construct was conducted to manipulate the expression of Trx1. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, ADR) was used to induce apoptosis. LY-294002 was used for the inhibition of PI3K-Akt. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by MTS (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxyphenyl]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The mRNA and protein expression of Trx1 in RA tissues was higher than that in OA tissues. The expression levels of Trx1 and cell proliferation in RA-FLSs were increased under hypoxia in comparison to those under normoxia. In hypoxia, downregulation of Trx1 significantly suppressed FLS proliferation, and the expression of PI3Kp85, phospho-Akt, and Bcl-2, while notably increased FLS apoptosis and the expression of active Caspase3 and Bax. In normoxia, Trx1 overexpression promoted the FLS proliferation and the expression of PI3Kp85, phospho-Akt, and Bcl-2, but inhibited FLS apoptosis and the expression of active Caspase3 and Bax in FLSs. Such effects were partially repressed by LY-294002 treatment. Trx1 may play an important role in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of RA-FLSs by modulating PI3K-Akt activation.
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Abstract
The importance of H2S in biology and medicine has been widely recognized in recent years, and protein S-sulfhydration is proposed to mediate the direct actions of H2S bioactivity in the body. Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is an important reducing enzyme that cleaves disulfides in proteins and acts as an S-denitrosylase. The regulation of Trx1 on protein S-sulfhydration is unclear. Here we showed that Trx1 facilitates protein S-desulfhydration. Overexpression of Trx1 attenuated the basal level and H2S-induced protein S-sulfhydration by direct interaction with S-sulfhydrated proteins, i.e., glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate carboxylase. In contrast, knockdown of Trx1 mRNA expression by short interfering RNA or blockage of Trx1 redox activity with PX12 or 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene enhanced protein S-sulfhydration. Mutation of cysteine-32 but not cysteine-35 in the Trp-Cys32-Gly-Pro-Cys35 motif eliminated the binding of Trx1 with S-sulfhydrated proteins and abolished the S-desulfhydrating effect of Trx1. All these data suggest that Trx1 acts as an S-desulfhydrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjun Ju
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Lakehead University, Ont., Canada
- The School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Ont., Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Lakehead University, Ont., Canada
- Department of Health Science, Lakehead University, Ont., Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- The School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Ont., Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ont., Canada P3E 2C6
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ont., Canada P3E 2C6.Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University935 Ramsey Lake RoadSudburyOnt.P3E 2C6Canada
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Suresh SC, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Goldman JW, Husain A, Alexander Palesty J, Sanchez JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) engineered mesenchymal stem cell therapy increased pro-angiogenic factors, reduced fibrosis and improved heart function in the infarcted rat myocardium. Int J Cardiol 2015; 201:517-28. [PMID: 26322599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a powerful candidate for mediating myocardial repair. In this study, we genetically modified MSCs with an adenovector encoding thioredoxin-1 (Ad.Trx1). Trx1 has been described as a growth regulator, a transcription factor regulator, a cofactor, and a powerful antioxidant. We explored whether engineered MSCs, when transplanted, are capable of improving cardiac function and angiogenesis in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Rat MSCs were cultured and divided into MSC, MSC+Ad.LacZ, and MSC+Ad.Trx1 groups. The cells were assayed for proliferation, and differentiation potential. In addition, rats were divided into control-sham (CS), control-MI (CMI), MSC+Ad.LacZ-MI (MLZMI), and MSC+Ad.Trx1-MI (MTrxMI) groups. MI was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation, and MSCs preconditioned with either Ad.LacZ or Ad.Trx1 were immediately administered to four sites in the peri-infarct zone. RESULTS The MSC+Ad.Trx1 cells increased the proliferation capacity and maintained pluripotency, allowing them to divide into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle, and endothelial cells. Western blot analysis, 4 days after treatment showed increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Also capillary density along with myocardial function as examined by echocardiography was found to be increased. Fibrosis was reduced in the MTrxMI group compared to MLZMI and CMI. Visualization of Connexin-43 by immunohistochemistry confirmed increased intercellular connections in the MTrxMI rats compared to MLZMI. CONCLUSION Engineering MSCs to express Trx1 may prove to be a strategic therapeutic modality in the treatment of cardiac failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanth C Suresh
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Joshua W Goldman
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Aaftab Husain
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Juan A Sanchez
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - David W McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA.
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García-Giménez JL, Seco-Cervera M, Aguado C, Romá-Mateo C, Dasí F, Priego S, Markovic J, Knecht E, Sanz P, Pallardó FV. Lafora disease fibroblasts exemplify the molecular interdependence between thioredoxin 1 and the proteasome in mammalian cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:347-359. [PMID: 23850970 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is a key regulator of cellular redox balance and participates in cellular signaling events. Recent evidence from yeast indicates that members of the Trx family interact with the 20S proteasome, indicating redox regulation of proteasome activity. However, there is little information about the interrelationship of Trx proteins with the proteasome system in mammalian cells, especially in the nucleus. Here, we have investigated this relationship under various cellular conditions in mammalian cells. We show that Trx1 levels and its subcellular localization (cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and nucleus) depend on proteasome activity during the cell cycle in NIH3T3 fibroblasts and under stress conditions, when proteasomes are inhibited. In addition, we also studied in these cells how the main cellular antioxidant systems are stimulated when proteasome activity is inhibited. Finally, we describe a reduction in Trx1 levels in Lafora disease fibroblasts and demonstrate that the nuclear colocalization of Trx1 with 20S proteasomes in laforin-deficient cells is altered compared with control cells. Our results indicate a close relationship between Trx1 and the 20S nuclear proteasome and give a new perspective to the study of diseases or physiopathological conditions in which defects in the proteasome system are associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis García-Giménez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain; Fundación del Hospital Clínico Universitat de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Aguado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Romá-Mateo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Dasí
- Fundación del Hospital Clínico Universitat de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sonia Priego
- Research Core Facility, Medical School, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jelena Markovic
- Research Core Facility, Medical School, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Erwin Knecht
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pascual Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain; Fundación del Hospital Clínico Universitat de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Perfeito R, Cunha-Oliveira T, Rego AC. Reprint of: revisiting oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease-resemblance to the effect of amphetamine drugs of abuse. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 62:186-201. [PMID: 23743292 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurological disease associated with a loss of dopaminergic neurons. In most cases the disease is sporadic but genetically inherited cases also exist. One of the major pathological features of PD is the presence of aggregates that localize in neuronal cytoplasm as Lewy bodies, mainly composed of α-synuclein (α-syn) and ubiquitin. The selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons suggests that dopamine itself may contribute to the neurodegenerative process in PD. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress constitute key pathogenic events of this disorder. Thus, in this review we give an actual perspective to classical pathways involving these two mechanisms of neurodegeneration, including the role of dopamine in sporadic and familial PD, as well as in the case of abuse of amphetamine-type drugs. Mutations in genes related to familial PD causing autosomal dominant or recessive forms may also have crucial effects on mitochondrial morphology, function, and oxidative stress. Environmental factors, such as MPTP and rotenone, have been reported to induce selective degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathways leading to α-syn-positive inclusions, possibly by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I of the respiratory chain and subsequently increasing oxidative stress. Recently, increased risk for PD was found in amphetamine users. Amphetamine drugs have effects similar to those of other environmental factors for PD, because long-term exposure to these drugs leads to dopamine depletion. Moreover, amphetamine neurotoxicity involves α-syn aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Therefore, dopamine and related oxidative stress, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction, seem to be common links between PD and amphetamine neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Perfeito
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Zhong WY, Tang GD, Liang ZH, Huang WF, Liang JX, Wang JP. Mechanisms underlying the effects of melatonin intervention on acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:2352-2356. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i23.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between the protective effects of melatonin pre-intervention for the pancreas and lungs and the expression of thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).
METHODS: Seventy-two male Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, ANP group and melatonin treatment group. The ANP model rats were induced by giving rats three intraperitoneal injections of 6% L-arginine at a dose of 25 mL/kg body weight at an interval of 1 h. In the normal control group, normal rats were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. Rats in the ANP group were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline one half hour before and after ANP induction, while rats in the melatonin treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 0.25% melatonin (20 mL/kg body weight) one half hour prior to ANP induction. Rats were sacrificed at 6, 12 and 24 h after the last L-arginine injection, respectively. The pancreas, lungs and blood samples were quickly taken. The pathological changes in the pancreas and lungs were observed and scored. The serum contents of Trx-1, IL-6, glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured.
RESULTS: Pathological analysis proved that L-arginine administration induced ANP successfully. Compared to the ANP group, pathological changes in the pancreas and lungs in the melatonin treatment group were significantly alleviated. Compared to the normal control group, serum Trx-1 contents in the ANP group were significantly decreased at 6- and 12-h time points but significantly increased at 24-h time point, exhibiting an initial decrease followed by a gradual increase. Serum Trx-1 contents in the melatonin treatment group at 6- and 12-h time points were significantly higher than those in the ANP group. Compared to the normal control group, serum IL-6 and MDA levels in the ANP group were significantly elevated, whereas serum T-SOD and GSH levels were significantly decreased. In contrast, serum IL-6 and MDA levels in the melatonin treatment group were significantly decreased while serum T-SOD and GSH levels were significantly increased when compared with the ANP group.
CONCLUSION: ANP can induce the expression of Trx-1. Melatonin pre-intervention is able to further promote the expression of Trx-1, increase serum Trx-1, SOD, and GSH levels and decrease serum IL-6 and MDA levels, thereby reducing pancreatic and pulmonary injury and exerting a protective effect for the pancreas and lungs in ANP rats.
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