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Kemerley A, Gupta A, Thirunavukkarasu M, Maloney M, Burgwardt S, Maulik N. COVID-19 Associated Cardiovascular Disease-Risks, Prevention and Management: Heart at Risk Due to COVID-19. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1904-1920. [PMID: 38534740 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) virus and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic have had devastating and lasting impact on the global population. Although the main target of the disease is the respiratory tract, clinical outcomes, and research have also shown significant effects of infection on other organ systems. Of interest in this review is the effect of the virus on the cardiovascular system. Complications, including hyperinflammatory syndrome, myocarditis, and cardiac failure, have been documented in the context of COVID-19 infection. These complications ultimately contribute to worse patient outcomes, especially in patients with pre-existing conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease (CVD). Importantly and interestingly, reports have demonstrated that COVID-19 also causes myocardial injury in adults without pre-existing conditions and contributes to systemic complications in pediatric populations, such as the development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Although there is still a debate over the exact mechanisms by which such complications arise, understanding the potential paths by which the virus can influence the cardiovascular system to create an inflammatory environment may clarify how SARS-CoV-2 interacts with human physiology. In addition to describing the mechanisms of disease propagation and patient presentation, this review discusses the diagnostic findings and treatment strategies and the evolution of management for patients presenting with cardiovascular complications, focusing on disease treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kemerley
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Monica Maloney
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Sean Burgwardt
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Pradeep SR, Thirunavukkarasu M, Accorsi D, Swaminathan S, Lim ST, Cernuda B, Kemerley A, Hubbard J, Campbell J, Wilson RL, Coca-Soliz V, Tapias L, Selvaraju V, Jellison ER, Yee SP, Palesty JA, Maulik N. Novel approaches to determine the functional role of cardiomyocyte specific E3 ligase, Pellino-1 following myocardial infarction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166899. [PMID: 37778482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ubiquitination plays a vital role in controlling vascular inflammation, cellular protein quality control, and minimizing misfolded protein toxicity. Pellino-1 (Peli1), a type of E3 ubiquitin ligase, has emerged as a critical regulator of the innate immune response; however, its role in the repair and regeneration of ischemic myocardium remains to be elucidated. METHODS Mice (8-12 weeks old, male and females) were divided into (i) Wild type (ii) cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 overexpressed (AMPEL1Tg/+), (iii) cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 knockout (CP1KO) and were subjected to sham and left anterior descending artery ligation. The tissues were collected at various time points after surgery for Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. Echocardiography is performed 30 days after myocardial infarction. Cardiomyocytes isolated from wild-type, Peli1 overexpressed and knockout mice were used to study the interaction between cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells in vitro under oxidative stress and cells were used for Western blot, flow cytometric analysis, and scratch assay. RESULTS We observed faster wound closure and increased expression of angiogenic factors with MCECs treated with conditioned media obtained from the AMPEL1Tg/+ cardiomyocytes compared to CPIKO and WT cardiomyocytes. Again, AMPEL1Tg/+MI mice showed preserved systolic function and reduced fibrosis compared to the CPIKOMI and WTMI groups. Capillary and arteriolar density were found to be increased in AMPEL1Tg/+MI compared to CP1KOMI. Increased survival and angiogenic factors such as p-Akt, p-MK2, p-IkBα, VEGF, cIAP2, and Bcl2 were observed in AMPEL1Tg/+ compared to CP1KO and WT mice subjected to MI. CONCLUSION The present study uncovers the crucial role of cardiac Peli1 as a regulator of the repair and regeneration of ischemic myocardium by using multiple genetically engineered mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seetur R Pradeep
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Diego Accorsi
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Santosh Swaminathan
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Sue Ting Lim
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Bryan Cernuda
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Andrew Kemerley
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Jennifer Hubbard
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Jacob Campbell
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Rickesha L Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Vladimir Coca-Soliz
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Leonidas Tapias
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Evan R Jellison
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Center for Mouse Genome Modification, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, School of Medicine, Farmington 06030, CT, USA.
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Das R, Le TT, Schiff B, Chorsi MT, Park J, Lam P, Kemerley A, Supran AM, Eshed A, Luu N, Menon NG, Schmidt TA, Wang H, Wu Q, Thirunavukkarasu M, Maulik N, Nguyen TD. Biodegradable piezoelectric skin-wound scaffold. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122270. [PMID: 37591188 PMCID: PMC10528909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ES) induces wound healing and skin regeneration. Combining ES with the tissue-engineering approach, which relies on biomaterials to construct a replacement tissue graft, could offer a self-stimulated scaffold to heal skin-wounds without using potentially toxic growth factors and exogenous cells. Unfortunately, current ES technologies are either ineffective (external stimulations) or unsafe (implanted electrical devices using toxic batteries). Hence, we propose a novel wound-healing strategy that integrates ES with tissue engineering techniques by utilizing a biodegradable self-charged piezoelectric PLLA (Poly (l-lactic acid)) nanofiber matrix. This unique, safe, and stable piezoelectric scaffold can be activated by an external ultrasound (US) to produce well-controlled surface-charges with different polarities, thus serving multiple functions to suppress bacterial growth (negative surface charge) and promote skin regeneration (positive surface charge) at the same time. We demonstrate that the scaffold activated by low intensity/low frequency US can facilitate the proliferation of fibroblast/epithelial cells, enhance expression of genes (collagen I, III, and fibronectin) typical for the wound healing process, and suppress the growth of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria in vitro simultaneously. This approach induces rapid skin regeneration in a critical-sized skin wound mouse model in vivo. The piezoelectric PLLA skin scaffold thus assumes the role of a multi-tasking, biodegradable, battery-free electrical stimulator which is important for skin-wound healing and bacterial infection prevention simultaneuosly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritopa Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Thinh T Le
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Benjamin Schiff
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Meysam T Chorsi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Priscilla Lam
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Andrew Kemerley
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Ajayan Mannoor Supran
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Amit Eshed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ngoc Luu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, 10012, USA
| | - Nikhil G Menon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA; Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Hanzhang Wang
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Qian Wu
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA; Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Swaminathan S, Kemerley A, Pradeep SR, Lim ST, Accorsi D, Wilson R, Campbell J, Saad I, Yee SP, Palesty JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Role of Pellino-1 in Inflammation and Cardioprotection following Severe Sepsis: A Novel Mechanism in a Murine Severe Sepsis Model †. Cells 2023; 12:1527. [PMID: 37296648 PMCID: PMC10252528 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intra-abdominal sepsis is commonly diagnosed in the surgical population and remains the second most common cause of sepsis overall. Sepsis-related mortality remains a significant burden in the intensive care unit despite advances in critical care. Nearly a quarter of the deaths in people with heart failure are caused by sepsis. We have observed that overexpression of mammalian Pellino-1 (Peli1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, causes inhibition of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and preservation of cardiac function in a myocardial infarction model. Given these manifold applications, we investigated the role of Peli1 in sepsis using transgenic and knockout mouse models specific to this protein. Therefore, we aimed to explore further the myocardial dysfunction seen in sepsis through its relation to the Peli 1 protein by using the loss of function and gain-of-function strategy. METHODS A series of genetic animals were created to understand the role of Peli1 in sepsis and the preservation of heart function. Wild-type, global Peli1 knock out (Peli1-/-), cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 deletion (CP1KO), and cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 overexpressing (alpha MHC (αMHC) Peli1; AMPEL1Tg/+) animals were divided into sham and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgical procedure groups. Cardiac function was determined by two-dimensional echocardiography pre-surgery and at 6- and 24-h post-surgery. Serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels (ELISA) (6 h), cardiac apoptosis (TUNEL assay), and Bax expression (24 h) post-surgery were measured. Results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. RESULTS AMPEL1Tg/+ prevents sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction assessed by echocardiographic analysis, whereas global and cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Peli1 shows significant deterioration of cardiac functions. Cardiac function was similar across the sham groups in all three genetically modified mice. ELISA assay displayed how Peli 1 overexpression decreased cardo-suppressive circulating inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6) compared to both the knockout groups. The proportion of TUNEL-positive cells varied according to Peli1 expression, with overexpression (AMPEL1Tg/+) leading to a significant reduction and Peli1 gene knockout (Peli1-/- and CP1KO) leading to a significant increase in their presence. A similar trend was also observed with Bax protein expression. The improved cellular survival associated with Peli1 overexpression was again shown with the reduction of oxidative stress marker 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal (4-HNE). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that overexpression of Peli1 is a novel approach that not only preserved cardiac function but reduced inflammatory markers and apoptosis following severe sepsis in a murine genetic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Santosh Swaminathan
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, CT 06706, USA
| | - Andrew Kemerley
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Seetur R. Pradeep
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Sue Ting Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, CT 06706, USA
| | - Diego Accorsi
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, CT 06706, USA
| | - Rickesha Wilson
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Jacob Campbell
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Ibnalwalid Saad
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, CT 06706, USA
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Center for Mouse Genome Modification, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - J. Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary’s Hospital, Waterbury, CT 06706, USA
| | - David W. McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Prabakaran P, Saral A, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Kazachenko AS, Muthu S. Molecular level Solvent interaction (microscopic), Electronic, Covalent assembly (RDG, AIM & ELF), ADMET prediction and anti-cancer activity of 1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-1-propanone): cytotoxic agent. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Ghatak S, Khanna S, Roy S, Thirunavukkarasu M, Pradeep SR, Wulff BC, El Masry MS, Sharma A, Palakurti R, Ghosh N, Xuan Y, Wilgus TA, Maulik N, Yoder MC, Sen CK. Driving adult tissue repair via re-engagement of a pathway required for fetal healing. Mol Ther 2023; 31:454-470. [PMID: 36114673 PMCID: PMC9931555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal cutaneous wound closure and repair differ from that in adulthood. In this work, we identify an oxidant stress sensor protein, nonselenocysteine-containing phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (NPGPx), that is abundantly expressed in normal fetal epidermis (and required for fetal wound closure), though not in adult epidermis, but is variably re-induced upon adult tissue wounding. NPGPx is a direct target of the miR-29 family. Following injury, abundance of miR-29 is lowered, permitting a prompt increase in NPGPx transcripts and protein expression in adult wound-edge tissue. NPGPx expression was required to mediate increased keratinocyte migration induced by miR-29 inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Increased NPGPx expression induced increased SOX2 expression and β-catenin nuclear localization in keratinocytes. Augmenting physiologic NPGPx expression via experimentally induced miR-29 suppression, using cutaneous tissue nanotransfection or targeted lipid nanoparticle delivery of anti-sense oligonucleotides, proved to be sufficient to overcome the deleterious effects of diabetes on this specific pathway to enhance tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Ghatak
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Savita Khanna
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Seetur R Pradeep
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Brian C Wulff
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mohamed S El Masry
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Plastic Surgery, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Anu Sharma
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ravichand Palakurti
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nandini Ghosh
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yi Xuan
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Traci A Wilgus
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chandan K Sen
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine & Engineering, Indiana University Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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Vedhapriya K, Balaji G, Dhiyaneshwari B, Irfan A, Thirunavukkarasu M, Kaleeswaran S, Obairdur Rab S, Muthu S. Effect of green solvents, molecular structure and topological studies on 4-amino-1-β-d-ribofuranosyl-1,3,5 triazin-2(1H)-one - anti-blood cancer agent. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2023.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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Kemerley A, Accorsi DA, Ting-Lim S, Supran AM, Lam PE, Swaminathan S, Thirunavukkarasu M, Palesty JA, Maulik N. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Thioredoxin-1–Overexpressed Mice Ameliorates Pathologic Wound Healing and Promotes Angiogenesis in Murine Ischemic Wound Model. J Am Coll Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/01.xcs.0000893548.47021.9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Otaibi JS, Sheena Mary Y, Shyma Mary Y, Soman S, Thirunavukkarasu M. Solvation Effects, Reactivity Studies and Molecular Dynamics of Two Phosphonic Acids – Theoretical Investigation. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2126504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamelah S. Al-Otaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sreejit Soman
- Stemskills Research and Education Lab Private Limited, Faridabad, India
| | - M. Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Physics, Indo-American College, Cheyyar, India
- Department of Physics, Thiru A Govindasamy Govt. Arts College, Tindivanam, India
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Balaji G, Prabakaran P, Basha SJ, Irfan A, Javed SS, Muthu S. Spectral characterization, solvation effects on topological aspects, and biological attributes of Fmoc-L-glutamic acid 5-tert-butyl ester: An effective reagent in anticancer evaluations. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Al-Otaibi JS, Mary YS, Mary YS, Thirunavukkarasu M, Trivedi R, Chakraborty B. Conformational, Reactivity Analysis, Wavefunction-Based Properties, Molecular Docking and Simulations of a Benzamide Derivative with Potential Antitumor Activity-DFT and MD Simulations. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2039229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamelah S. Al-Otaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - M. Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Physics, Indo-American College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Physics, Thiru A. Govindasamy Govt. Arts College, Tindivanam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravi Trivedi
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Brahmananda Chakraborty
- High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Balaji G, Muthu S, Sakthivel S, Prabakaran P, Irfan A. Theoretical conformations studies on 2-Acetyl-gamma-butyrolactone structure and stability in aqueous phase and the solvation effects on electronic properties by quantum computational methods. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Pradeep SR, Ukani G, Abunnaja S, Youssef M, Accorsi D, Swaminathan S, Lim ST, Parker V, Campbell J, Rishi MT, Palesty JA, Maulik N. Gene therapy with Pellino-1 improves perfusion and decreases tissue loss in Flk-1 heterozygous mice but fails in MAPKAP Kinase-2 knockout murine hind limb ischemia model. Microvasc Res 2022; 141:104311. [PMID: 34999110 PMCID: PMC9250804 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the United States, over 8.5 million people suffer from peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Previously we reported that Pellino-1(Peli1) gene therapy reduces ischemic damage in the myocardium and skin flaps in Flk-1 [Fetal Liver kinase receptor-1 (Flk-1)/ Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/VEGFR2] heterozygous (Flk-1+/-) mice. The present study compares the angiogenic response and perfusion efficiency following hind limb ischemia (HLI) in, Flk-1+/- and, MAPKAPKINASE2 (MK2-/-) knockout (KO) mice to their control wild type (WT). We also demonstrated the use of Peli1 gene therapy to improve loss of function following HLI. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Femoral artery ligation (HLI) was performed in both Flk-1+/-and MK2-/-mice along with their corresponding WT. Another set of Flk-1+/- and MK2-/- were injected with either Adeno-LacZ (Ad.LacZ) or Adeno-Peli1 (Ad.Peli1) after HLI. Hind limb perfusion was assessed by laser doppler imaging at specific time points. A standardized scoring scale is used to quantify the extent of ischemia. Histology analysis performed includes capillary density, fibrosis, pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic proteins. RESULTS Flk-1+/- and MK2-/- had a slower recovery of perfusion efficiency in the ischemic limbs than controls. Both Flk-1+/-and MK2-/-KO mice showed decreased capillary density and capillary myocyte ratios with increased fibrosis than their corresponding wild types. Ad.Peli1 injected ischemic Flk-1+/- limb showed improved perfusion, increased capillary density, and pro-angiogenic molecules with reduced fibrosis compared to Ad.LacZ group. No significant improvement in perfusion was observed in MK2-/- ischemic limb after Ad. Peli1 injection. CONCLUSION Deletion of Flk-1 and MK2 impairs neovascularization and perfusion following HLI. Treatment with Ad. Peli1 results in increased angiogenesis and improved perfusion in Flk-1+/- mice but fails to rectify perfusion in MK2 KO mice. Overall, Peli1 gene therapy is a promising candidate for the treatment of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Seetur R Pradeep
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Gopi Ukani
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Salim Abunnaja
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Mark Youssef
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Diego Accorsi
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Santosh Swaminathan
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Sue Ting Lim
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Virginia Parker
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Jacob Campbell
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA
| | - Muhammad Tipu Rishi
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington 06030, CT, USA.
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Swaminathan S, Thirunavukkarasu M, Seetur Radhakrishna P, Antonio Accorsi D, Wayne McFadden D, Palesty AJ, Maulik N. Concurrent Injection of GW4869 and Exosomes Isolated from Thioredoxin-1 Overexpressed Mice Leads to Improved Survival after Severe Sepsis. J Am Coll Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.07.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nair AS, Thirunavukkarasu M, Serma Saravana Pandian A, Senthilkumar G, Balan C. Forecasting cattle and buffalo population in India – A time series analysis. IJDS 2020. [DOI: 10.33785/ijds.2020.v73i03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Joshi M, Oriowo B, Shaikh IA, Rishi MT, Tapias L, Coca-Soliz V, Saad I, Campbell J, Pradeep SR, Swaminathan S, Yee SP, McFadden DW, Alexander Palesty J, Maulik N. Deletion of newly described pro-survival molecule Pellino-1 increases oxidative stress, downregulates cIAP2/NF-κB cell survival pathway, reduces angiogenic response, and thereby aggravates tissue function in mouse ischemic models. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0804-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Selvaraju V, Joshi M, Coca-Soliz V, Tapias L, Saad I, Fournier C, Husain A, Campbell J, Yee SP, Sanchez JA, Palesty JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Disruption of VEGF Mediated Flk-1 Signaling Leads to a Gradual Loss of Vessel Health and Cardiac Function During Myocardial Infarction: Potential Therapy With Pellino-1. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e007601. [PMID: 30371196 PMCID: PMC6222946 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study demonstrates that the ubiquitin E3 ligase, Pellino‐1 (Peli1), is an important angiogenic molecule under the control of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2/Flk‐1. We have previously reported increased survivability of ischemic skin flap tissue by adenovirus carrying Peli1 (Ad‐Peli1) gene therapy in Flk‐1+/− mice. Methods and Results Two separate experimental groups of mice were subjected to myocardial infarction (MI) followed by the immediate intramyocardial injection of adenovirus carrying LacZ (Ad‐LacZ) (1×109 pfu) or Ad‐Peli1 (1×109 pfu). Heart tissues were collected for analyses. Compared with wild‐type (WTMI) mice, analysis revealed decreased expressions of Peli1, phosphorylated (p‐)Flk‐1, p‐Akt, p‐eNOS, p‐MK2, p‐IκBα, and NF‐κB and decreased vessel densities in Flk‐1+/− mice subjected to MI (Flk‐1+/−MI). Mice (CD1) treated with Ad‐Peli1 after the induction of MI showed increased β‐catenin translocation to the nucleus, connexin 43 expression, and phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS, MK2, and IκBα, that was followed by increased vessel densities compared with the Ad‐LacZ–treated group. Echocardiography conducted 30 days after surgery showed decreased function in the Flk1+/−MI group compared with WTMI, which was restored by Ad‐Peli1 gene therapy. In addition, therapy with Ad‐Peli1 stimulated angiogenic and arteriogenic responses in both CD1 and Flk‐1+/− mice following MI. Ad‐Peli1 treatment attenuated cardiac fibrosis in Flk‐1+/−MI mice. Similar positive results were observed in CD1 mice subjected to MI after Ad‐Peli1 therapy. Conclusion Our results show for the first time that Peli1 plays a unique role in salvaging impaired collateral blood vessel formation, diminishes fibrosis, and improves myocardial function, thereby offering clinical potential for therapies in humans to mend a damaged heart following MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Mandip Joshi
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,3 Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery Saint Mary's Hospital Waterbury CT
| | - Vladimir Coca-Soliz
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,3 Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery Saint Mary's Hospital Waterbury CT
| | - Leonidas Tapias
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,3 Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery Saint Mary's Hospital Waterbury CT
| | - IbnalWalid Saad
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,3 Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery Saint Mary's Hospital Waterbury CT
| | - Craig Fournier
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Aaftab Husain
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Jacob Campbell
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- 4 Center for Mouse Genome Modification University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Juan A Sanchez
- 3 Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery Saint Mary's Hospital Waterbury CT
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- 3 Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery Saint Mary's Hospital Waterbury CT
| | - David W McFadden
- 2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- 1 Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT.,2 Department of Surgery University of Connecticut Health Farmington CT
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Campbell JD, Selvaraju V, McFadden DW, Thirunavukkarasu M, Maulik N. Implanted Resveratrol-Loaded PCL Scaffold Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction in Mice. J Am Coll Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Saad I, Fournier CT, Wilson RL, Lakshmanan R, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Alexander Palesty J, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 augments wound healing and promote angiogenesis in a murine ischemic full-thickness wound model. Surgery 2018; 164:1077-1086. [PMID: 30131176 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonhealing wounds are a continuing health problem in the United States. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species is a major causative factor behind delayed wound healing. Previously we reported that thioredoxin-1 treatment could alleviate oxidative stress under ischemic conditions, such as myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. In this study, we explored the potential for thioredoxin-1 gene therapy to effectively aid wound healing through improved angiogenesis in a murine ischemic wound model. METHODS Full-thickness, cutaneous, ischemic wounds were created in the dorsum skin flap of 8- to 12-week-old CD1 mice. Nonischemic wounds created lateral to the ischemic skin flap served as internal controls. Mice with both ischemic wounds and nonischemic wounds were treated with Adeno-LacZ (1 × 109 pfu) or Adeno-thioredoxin-1 (1 × 109 pfu), injected intradermally around the wound. Digital imaging was performed on days 0, 3, 6, and 9 to assess the rate of wound closure. Tissue samples collected at predetermined time intervals were processed for immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS No significant differences in wound closure were identified among the nonischemic wounds control, nonischemic wounds-LacZ, and nonischemic wounds-thioredoxin-1 groups. Hence, only mice with ischemic wounds were further analyzed. The ischemic wounds-thioredoxin-1 group had significant improvement in wound closure on days 6 and 9 after surgery compared with the ischemic wounds control and ischemic wounds-LacZ groups. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated increased thioredoxin-1, vascular endothelial cell growth factor, and β-catenin levels in the ischemic wounds-thioredoxin-1 group compared with the ischemic wounds control and ischemic wounds-LacZ groups, as well as increased capillary density and cell proliferation, as represented by Ki-67 staining. CONCLUSION Taken together, thioredoxin-1 gene therapy promotes vascular endothelial cell growth factor signaling and re-epithelialization and activates wound closure in mice with ischemic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibnalwalid Saad
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT
| | - Craig T Fournier
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY
| | - Rickesha L Wilson
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Rajesh Lakshmanan
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT
| | | | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, UConn Health, Farmington, CT; Department of Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT.
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Rednam CK, Wilson RL, Selvaraju V, Rishi MT, Thirunavukkarasu M, Coca-Soliz V, Lakshmanan R, Palesty JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Increased survivability of ischemic skin flap tissue in Flk-1 +/- mice by Pellino-1 intervention. Microcirculation 2018; 24. [PMID: 28177171 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reduced skin flap survival due to ischemia is a serious concern during reconstructive cosmetic surgery. The absence of VEGF and its receptors during ischemia may lead to flap failure. We identified Peli1, a 46-kDa protein, as a proangiogenic molecule and is directly regulated by VEGF. Therefore, we hypothesized that Peli1 acts downstream of Flk-1/VEGFR2 and aids in skin flap survival during ischemia. METHODS Scratch and matrigel assays were performed to observe cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation in vitro. Western blot analysis was carried out to detect the phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt) and MAPKAPK2 (p-MK2) in HUVECs. The translational potential of Peli1 pretreatment in the rescue of skin flap tissue was studied in vivo using Flk-1+/- mice. Animals underwent dorsal ischemic skin flap surgery, and the tissue was collected on day 12 for analysis. RESULTS Western blot analysis revealed a direct relationship between Peli1 and VEGF, as demonstrated by loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies. In addition, pretreatment with Ad.Peli1 restored the phosphorylation of Akt and MK2 and improved the migration potential of Flk-1-knockdown cells. Ad.Peli1 pretreatment salvaged the ischemic skin flap of Flk-1+/- mice by increasing blood perfusion and reducing the inflammatory response and the extent of necrosis. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that Peli1 is a proangiogenic molecule that acts downstream of VEGF-Flk-1 and restores angiogenesis and enhances skin flap survivability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K Rednam
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rickesha L Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Muhammad T Rishi
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.,Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Vladimir Coca-Soliz
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.,Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Rajesh Lakshmanan
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - John A Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick, Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - David W McFadden
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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Wilson RL, Selvaraju V, Lakshmanan R, Thirunavukkarasu M, Campbell J, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 attenuates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy after cecal ligation and puncture in mice. J Surg Res 2017; 220:68-78. [PMID: 29180214 PMCID: PMC7904090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a leading cause of mortality among patients in intensive care units across the USA. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is an essential 12 kDa cytosolic protein that, apart from maintaining the cellular redox state, possesses multifunctional properties. In this study, we explored the possibility of controlling adverse myocardial depression by overexpression of Trx-1 in a mouse model of severe sepsis. METHODS Adult C57BL/6J and Trx-1Tg/+ mice were divided into wild-type sham (WTS), wild-type cecal ligation and puncture (WTCLP), Trx-1Tg/+sham (Trx-1Tg/+S), and Trx-1Tg/+CLP groups. Cardiac function was evaluated before surgery, 6 and 24 hours after CLP surgery. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis were performed after 24 hours in heart tissue sections. RESULTS Echocardiography analysis showed preserved cardiac function in the Trx-1Tg/+ CLP group compared with the WTCLP group. Similarly, Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of Trx-1, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), survivin (an inhibitor of apoptosis [IAP] protein family), and decreased expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), caspase-3, and 3- nitrotyrosine in the Trx-1Tg/+CLP group compared with the WTCLP group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed reduced 4-hydroxynonenal, apoptosis, and vascular leakage in the cardiac tissue of Trx-1Tg/+CLP mice compared with mice in the WTCLP group. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that overexpression of Trx-1 attenuates cardiac dysfunction during CLP. The mechanism of action may involve reduction of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and vascular permeability through activation of Trx-1/HO-1 and anti-apoptotic protein survivin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickesha L Wilson
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Rajesh Lakshmanan
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
| | - Jacob Campbell
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - David W McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut.
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Campbell JD, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Coca-Soliz V, Tapias L, Kurapaty Venkatapoorna CM, Yee SP, McFadden DW, Palesty JA. Pellino-1 Overexpression in Cardiomyocyte Enhances Cardiac Function and Attenuates Ventricular Remodeling in Murine Myocardial Infarction Model. J Am Coll Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Selvaraju V, Suresh SC, Thirunavukkarasu M, Mannu J, Foye JLC, Mathur PP, Palesty JA, Sanchez JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Regulation of A-Kinase-Anchoring Protein 12 by Heat Shock Protein A12B to Prevent Ventricular Dysfunction Following Acute Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic Rats. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2017; 10:209-220. [PMID: 28281242 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-017-9734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of overexpressing HSPA12B on angiogenesis and myocardial function by intramyocardial administration of adenovirus encoding HSPA12B (Ad. HSPA12B) in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat subjected to myocardial infarction. Rats were divided randomly into six groups: control sham (CS) + Ad.LacZ, control myocardial infarction (CMI) + Ad.LacZ, control MI + Ad.HSPA12B, diabetic sham (DS) + Ad.LacZ, diabetic MI + Ad.LacZ and diabetic MI + Ad.HSPA12B. Following MI or sham surgery, the respective groups received either Ad.LacZ or Ad.HSPA12B via intramyocardial injections. We observed increased capillary and arteriolar density along with reduced fibrosis and preserved heart functions in DMI-AdHSPA12B compared to DMI-AdLacZ group. Western blot analysis demonstrated enhanced HSPA12B, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) expression along with decreased expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) and A kinase anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12) in the DMI-AdHSPA12B compared to DMI-AdLacZ group. Our findings reveal that HSPA12B overexpression interacts with AKAP12 and downregulate TXNIP in diabetic rats following acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sumanth C Suresh
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jayakanthan Mannu
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | | | - Premendu P Mathur
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India.,KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar, India
| | | | - Juan A Sanchez
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - David W McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Maulik N, Thirunavukkarasu M, Selvaraju V, Suresh SC. Reply to the letter "thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) engineered mesenchymal stem cell therapy is a promising feasible therapeutic approach for myocardial infarction". Int J Cardiol 2016; 207:277-8. [PMID: 26808992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sumanth C Suresh
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Selvaraju V, Tapias L, Sanchez JA, Palesty JA, Maulik N. Protective effects of Phyllanthus emblica against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: the role of PI3-kinase/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:623-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Suresh SC, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Goldman JW, Husain A, Alexander Palesty J, Sanchez JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) engineered mesenchymal stem cell therapy increased pro-angiogenic factors, reduced fibrosis and improved heart function in the infarcted rat myocardium. Int J Cardiol 2015; 201:517-28. [PMID: 26322599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a powerful candidate for mediating myocardial repair. In this study, we genetically modified MSCs with an adenovector encoding thioredoxin-1 (Ad.Trx1). Trx1 has been described as a growth regulator, a transcription factor regulator, a cofactor, and a powerful antioxidant. We explored whether engineered MSCs, when transplanted, are capable of improving cardiac function and angiogenesis in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Rat MSCs were cultured and divided into MSC, MSC+Ad.LacZ, and MSC+Ad.Trx1 groups. The cells were assayed for proliferation, and differentiation potential. In addition, rats were divided into control-sham (CS), control-MI (CMI), MSC+Ad.LacZ-MI (MLZMI), and MSC+Ad.Trx1-MI (MTrxMI) groups. MI was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation, and MSCs preconditioned with either Ad.LacZ or Ad.Trx1 were immediately administered to four sites in the peri-infarct zone. RESULTS The MSC+Ad.Trx1 cells increased the proliferation capacity and maintained pluripotency, allowing them to divide into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle, and endothelial cells. Western blot analysis, 4 days after treatment showed increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Also capillary density along with myocardial function as examined by echocardiography was found to be increased. Fibrosis was reduced in the MTrxMI group compared to MLZMI and CMI. Visualization of Connexin-43 by immunohistochemistry confirmed increased intercellular connections in the MTrxMI rats compared to MLZMI. CONCLUSION Engineering MSCs to express Trx1 may prove to be a strategic therapeutic modality in the treatment of cardiac failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanth C Suresh
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Joshua W Goldman
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Aaftab Husain
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Juan A Sanchez
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - David W McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA.
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27
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Wang Y, Cao Y, Yamada S, Thirunavukkarasu M, Nin V, Joshi M, Rishi MT, Bhattacharya S, Camacho-Pereira J, Sharma AK, Shameer K, Kocher JPA, Sanchez JA, Wang E, Hoeppner LH, Dutta SK, Leof EB, Shah V, Claffey KP, Chini EN, Simons M, Terzic A, Maulik N, Mukhopadhyay D. Cardiomyopathy and Worsened Ischemic Heart Failure in SM22-α Cre-Mediated Neuropilin-1 Null Mice: Dysregulation of PGC1α and Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1401-12. [PMID: 25882068 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a multidomain membrane receptor involved in angiogenesis and development of neuronal circuits, however, the role of NRP-1 in cardiovascular pathophysiology remains elusive. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we first observed that deletion of NRP-1 induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells, which was accompanied by dysregulated cardiac mitochondrial accumulation and induction of cardiac hypertrophy- and stress-related markers. To investigate the role of NRP-1 in vivo, we generated mice lacking Nrp-1 in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (SM22-α-Nrp-1 KO), which exhibited decreased survival rates, developed cardiomyopathy, and aggravated ischemia-induced heart failure. Mechanistically, we found that NRP-1 specifically controls peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in cardiomyocytes through crosstalk with Notch1 and Smad2 signaling pathways, respectively. Moreover, SM22-α-Nrp-1 KO mice exhibited impaired physical activities and altered metabolite levels in serum, liver, and adipose tissues, as demonstrated by global metabolic profiling analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new insights into the cardioprotective role of NRP-1 and its influence on global metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Ying Cao
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Satsuki Yamada
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Veronica Nin
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Mandip Joshi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Muhammed T Rishi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Juliana Camacho-Pereira
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Anil K Sharma
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Khader Shameer
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Jean-Pierre A Kocher
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Juan A Sanchez
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Enfeng Wang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Luke H Hoeppner
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Shamit K Dutta
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Edward B Leof
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Vijay Shah
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Kevin P Claffey
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Eduardo N Chini
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Michael Simons
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Andre Terzic
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.)
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.W., Y.C., S.B., A.K.S., E.W., L.H.H., S.K.D., E.B.L., D.M.), Center for Regenerative Medicine, Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and Medical Genetics (S.Y., A.T.), Department of Anesthesiology (V.N., J.C.-P., E.N.C.), Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Health Science Program (K.S., J.-P.A.K.), Department of Gastroenterology (V.S.), and Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (E.B.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery (M.T., M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S., N.M.) and Department of Cell Biology, Center for Vascular Biology (K.P.C.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT (M.J., M.T.R., J.A.S.); and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.S.).
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Oriowo B, Thirunavukkarasu M, Selvaraju V, Adluri RS, Zhan L, Takeda K, Fong GH, Sanchez JA, Maulik N. Targeted gene deletion of prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 3 triggers angiogenesis and preserves cardiac function by stabilizing hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha following myocardial infarction. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20:1305-10. [PMID: 23978105 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The key oxygen sensing molecules, Prolyl-hydroxylase domain 1-3 enzymes (PHD1-3), regulate hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) under hypoxia. In the settings of cardiomyopathy and ischemia-reperfusion injury, PHD3 expression is elevated, resulting in decreased HIF activation. The role of PHD3 in myocardial injury is poorly understood. Hence, we aimed to determine the effects of PHD3 deletion in mice on HIF-1α and other related pathways following myocardial infarction (MI). Left coronary artery (LAD) in both wild type and prolyl hydroxylase 3 knock out (PHD3⁻/⁻) mice was ligated to induce myocardial infarction. Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis showed significant increase in DNA-binding activity of HIF-1α in PHD3⁻/⁻ mice as compared to wild type (WT) mice post MI. The PHD3⁻/⁻MI group also showed decreased fibrosis. Seven days after MI, enhanced capillary/arteriolar density was observed compared to WTMI group. PHD3⁻/⁻ mice subjected to MI also showed improved cardiac functions (Ejection fraction and Fractional shortening), as assessed by echocardiogram, compared to WT. Western blot analysis showed increased VEGF, Ang-1 & Bcl-2 expression in PHD3⁻/⁻MI group. In conclusion, ablation of the PHD3 gene resulted in increased angiogenesis and cardiac function after infarction thereby offering a potential target for pharmacological management of ischemic myocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington Connecticut, USA.
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Rishi MT, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Shaikh IA, Takeda K, Fong GH, Palesty JA, Sanchez JA, Maulik N. Deletion of prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHD1, PHD3) stabilizes hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, promotes neovascularization, and improves perfusion in a murine model of hind-limb ischemia. Microvasc Res 2014; 97:181-8. [PMID: 25446011 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an emerging focus on investigating innovative therapeutic molecules that can potentially augment neovascularization in order to treat peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Although prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins 1 and 3 (PHD1 and PHD3) may modulate angiogenesis via regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), there has been no study directly addressing their roles in ischemia-induced vascular growth. We hypothesize that PHD1(-/-) or PHD3(-/-) deficiency might promote angiogenesis in the murine hind-limb ischemia (HLI) model. STUDY DESIGN Wild type (WT), PHD1(-/-) and PHD3(-/-) male mice aged 8-12weeks underwent right femoral artery ligation. Post-procedurally, motor function assessment and laser Doppler imaging were periodically performed. The mice were euthanized after 28days and muscles were harvested. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the extent of angiogenesis by measuring capillary and arteriolar density. VEGF expression was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bcl-2 and HIF-1α were analyzed by immunofluorescence. Fibrosis was measured by picrosirius red staining. RESULTS PHD1(-/-) and PHD3(-/-) mice showed significantly improved recovery of perfusion and motor function score when compared to WT after femoral artery ligation. These mice also exhibited increased capillary and arteriolar density, capillary/myocyte ratio along with decreased fibrosis compared to WT. VEGF, Bcl-2 and HIF-1α expression increased in PHD1(-/-) and PHD3(-/-) mice compared to WT. CONCLUSIONS Taken together these results suggest that PHD1 and PHD3 deletions promote angiogenesis in ischemia-injured tissue, and may present a promising therapeutic strategy in treating PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad T Rishi
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Inam A Shaikh
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA; Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Guo-Hua Fong
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury, CT, USA
| | - Juan A Sanchez
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Shaikh IA, Joshi M, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Tapias L, Sanchez JA, Palesty AJ, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Effects of Prolyl-4-Hydroxylase 2 (PHD-2) Gene Deletion on Cardiac MicroRNA Expression and Ventricular Function After Myocardial Infarction: A Cardiac-Specific Mouse Knockout Model. J Am Coll Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abunnaja SS, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Rahman L, Sanchez JA, McFadden DW, Palesty AJ, Maulik N. Deletion of Flk-1 and its Target Protein, MAPkinase-2 Impairs Neovascularization and Perfusion in a Murine Hindlimb Ischemia Model: A Double Knockout Study. J Am Coll Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Adluri RS, Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Maulik N, Svennevig K, Bagchi M, Maulik G. Cardioprotective efficacy of a novel antioxidant mix VitaePro against ex vivo myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:281-6. [PMID: 21960420 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Circumstantial evidence frequently implicates oxygen-derived free radicals and oxidative stress as mediators of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Therefore, external supplementation of natural antioxidants plays a main role as cardioprotective compounds. This study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of VitaePro (70 mg/kg body weight, 21 days), a novel antioxidant mix of astaxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin in a rat ex vivo model of ischemia/reperfusion injury. The cardioprotective effect of VitaePro was also compared with vitamin E (70 mg/kg body weight, 21 days) treatment. Rats were randomized into control I/R (CIR), VitaePro I/R (VPIR) and Vitamin E I/R (VEIR). After 21 days of oral treatment, isolated hearts from each group were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. In the VPIR group compared to CIR and VEIR groups at 2 h of reperfusion, increased left ventricular functional recovery, such as left ventricular developed pressure (92.7 ± 0.7 vs. 85.3 ± 0.3 and 89.4 ± 1.2 mm Hg), dp/dt max (2518.7 ± 77.9 vs. 1962.5 ± 24 and 2255.7 ± 126.6 mm Hg/s), and aortic flow (21.5 ± 1.36 vs. 4.4 ± 0.6 and 13.2 ± 1.02 ml/min) were observed. The infarct size (27.68 ± 1.7 vs. 45.4 ± 1.8 and 35.4 ± 0.6%), apoptotic cardiomyocytes (61.7 ± 10.6 vs. 194.1 ± 14.8 and 118.7 ± 15.4 counts/100 HPF) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels (80 ± 3 vs. 127 ± 5 and 103 ± 2 nM/mg tissue) also were decreased in VPIR group when compared to CIR and VEIR. As evidenced by the data, administration of vitamin E offered substantial cardioprotection to I/R injury, but VitaePro enhanced cardioprotection significantly more than vitamin E treatment. Taken in concert, the results of this study suggests that the oral ingestion of VitaePro protects myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion injury by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis, which may be of therapeutic benefit in the treatment of cardiovascular complications. However, further in vivo animal and human intervention studies are warranted before establishing any recommendations about usage of VitaePro for human cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sudheer Adluri
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
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Abstract
Surface modified nano-zeolite (SMNZ) was used as carrier to develop nano-zeolite based nano-sulphur fertilizer. A laboratory study on sulphur nano-fertilizer and conventional sulphur fertilizer were studied with percolation reactor system to evaluate the slow release of sulphur from both fertilizers in ambient temperature. SMNZ and sulphur nano-fertilizer were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Zeta Analyzer, Raman Spectroscopy, XRD and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Raman spectroscopy confirmed the sulphur attachment at 480 cm-1 in the SMNZ. The FTIR spectra at 1030 cm-1 confirmed the sulphate attachments in the SMNZ spectrum. Zeta analyzer showed the surface charge of sulphur nano-fertilizer had (-) 52.6 mV. SEM imaged the sulphur loaded SMNZ in irregular flake like structure. A comparative study of the release of sulphate (SO4 2-) from fertilizer-loaded SMNZ and (NH4)2 SO4 fertilizers were performed using the percolation reactor. The results showed that the SO42- supply from fertilizer-loaded SMNZ was available even after 912 h of continuous percolation, whereas SO42- from (NH4)2 SO4 was exhausted within 384 h. These properties suggest that SMNZ has a great potential as the fertilizer carrier for slow release of SO42-.
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Selvaraju V, Dunna NR, Foye JL, Joshi M, Otani H, Maulik N. Simvastatin treatment inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha-(HIF-1alpha)-prolyl-4-hydroxylase 3 (PHD-3) and increases angiogenesis after myocardial infarction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:2474-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Suresh SC, Selvaraju V, Sanchez JA, Palesty AJ, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) engineered mesenchymal stem cell therapy increased proangiogenic factors, reduced fibrosis and improved heart function in the infarcted rat myocardium. J Am Coll Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2013.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sen Banerjee S, Thirunavukkarasu M, Tipu Rishi M, Sanchez JA, Maulik N, Maulik G. HIF-prolyl hydroxylases and cardiovascular diseases. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 22:347-58. [PMID: 22424133 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2012.673088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylases belong to the family of iron- and 2-oxoglutamate-dependent dioxygenase enzyme. Several distinct prolyl hydroxylases have been identified. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase termed prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes play an important role in oxygen regulation in the physiological network. There are three isoforms that have been identified: PHD1, PHD2 and PHD3. Deletion of PHD enzymes result in stabilization of HIFs and offers potential treatment options for many ischemic disorders such as peripheral arterial occlusive disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. All three isoforms are oxygen sensors that regulate the stability of HIFs. The degradation of HIF-1α is regulated by hydroxylation of the 402/504 proline residue by PHDs. Under hypoxic conditions, lack of oxygen causes hydroxylation to cease HIF-1α stabilization and subsequent translocation to the nucleus where it heterodimerizes with the constitutively expressed β subunit. Binding of the HIF-heterodimer to specific DNA sequences, named hypoxia-responsive elements, triggers the transactivation of target genes. PHD regulation of HIF-1α-mediated cardioprotection has resulted in considerable interest in these molecules as potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular and ischemic diseases. In recent years, attention has been directed towards identifying small molecule inhibitors of PHD. It is postulated that such inhibition might lead to a clinically useful strategy for protecting the myocardium against ischemia and reperfusion injury. Recently, it has been reported that the orally absorbed PHD inhibitor GSK360A can modulate HIF-1α signaling and protect the failing heart following myocardial infarction. Furthermore, PHD1 deletion has been found to have beneficial effects through an increase in tolerance to hypoxia of skeletal muscle by reprogramming basal metabolism. In the mouse liver, such deletion has resulted in protection against ischemia and reperfusion. As a result of these preliminary findings, PHDs is attracting increasing interest as potential therapeutic targets in a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucharita Sen Banerjee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Suresh SC, Thirunavukkarasu M, Selvaraju V, Maulik N, Sanchez JA. Intramyocardial gene therapy with adeno beta-catenin preserves cardiac function by increased angiogenesis and cell survival in type I diabetic rat. J Am Coll Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Wakame K, Fujii H, Moriyama H, Bagchi M. Safety of oligonol, a highly bioavailable lychee-derived polyphenolic antioxidant, on liver, kidney and heart function in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 22:555-9. [PMID: 22694591 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2012.702795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oligonol (OLG), derived from lychee fruit, is a novel compound produced from the oligomerization of polyphenols. In this study, the acute effect of OLG treatment was investigated on heart, liver and kidney in rats. OLG treatment at two different doses (15 or 30 mg/kg body weight) and two different time points (1 day or 7 days of treatment) demonstrated that no toxic effects were observed on heart, liver and renal functions. Moreover, OLG did not induce any DNA damage or oxidative stress as measured by 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in plasma. OLG supplementation increased the phosphorylation of myocardial endothelial nitric oxide (NO) level (p-eNOS) in both the treatment groups. Even the low dose OLG treatment (15mg/kg b.w) demonstrated an increase in p-eNOS/eNOS ratio after normalization of p-eNOS values with eNOS on day 1 (1.5-fold) and day 7 (2.2-fold) groups as compared to control. The above results suggest that OLG treatment increases endothelial NO levels and may play a role in NO-mediated vasodilatory effects without adverse side effects on cardiovascular function. This endothelial NO production may underlie the beneficial effect of OLG in cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
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Adluri RS, Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Dunna NR, Akita Y, Selvaraju V, Otani H, Sanchez JA, Ho YS, Maulik N. Glutaredoxin-1 overexpression enhances neovascularization and diminishes ventricular remodeling in chronic myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34790. [PMID: 22523530 PMCID: PMC3327713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of cardiac failure, including the modulation of neovascularization following myocardial infarction (MI). Redox molecules thioredoxin (Trx) and glutaredoxin (Grx) superfamilies actively maintain intracellular thiol-redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species. Among these two superfamilies, the pro-angiogenic function of Trx-1 has been reported in chronic MI model whereas similar role of Grx-1 remains uncertain. The present study attempts to establish the role of Grx-1 in neovascularization and ventricular remodeling following MI. Wild-type (WT) and Grx-1 transgenic (Grx-1(Tg/+)) mice were randomized into wild-type sham (WTS), Grx-1(Tg/+) Sham (Grx-1(Tg/+)S), WTMI, Grx-1(Tg/+)MI. MI was induced by permanent occlusion of the LAD coronary artery. Sham groups underwent identical time-matched surgical procedures without LAD ligation. Significant increase in arteriolar density was observed 7 days (d) after surgical intervention in the Grx-1(Tg/+)MI group as compared to the WTMI animals. Further, improvement in myocardial functional parameters 30 d after MI was observed including decreased LVIDs, LVIDd, increased ejection fraction and, fractional shortening was also observed in the Grx-1(Tg/+)MI group as compared to the WTMI animals. Moreover, attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptotic cardiomyocytes was observed in the Grx-1(Tg/+)MI group as compared to the WTMI animals. Increased expression of p-Akt, VEGF, Ang-1, Bcl-2, survivin and DNA binding activity of NF-κB were observed in the Grx-1(Tg/+)MI group when compared to WTMI animals as revealed by Western blot analysis and Gel-shift analysis, respectively. These results are the first to demonstrate that Grx-1 induces angiogenesis and diminishes ventricular remodeling apparently through neovascularization mediated by Akt, VEGF, Ang-1 and NF-κB as well as Bcl-2 and survivin-mediated anti-apoptotic pathway in the infarcted myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sudheer Adluri
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lijun Zhan
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Nageswara Rao Dunna
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Yuzo Akita
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Hajime Otani
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Juan A. Sanchez
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ye-Shih Ho
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Health Center, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Adluri RS, Thirunavukkarasu M, Dunna NR, Zhan L, Oriowo B, Takeda K, Sanchez JA, Otani H, Maulik G, Fong GH, Maulik N. Disruption of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-prolyl hydroxylase domain-1 (PHD-1-/-) attenuates ex vivo myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α transcription factor and its target genes in mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:1789-97. [PMID: 21083501 PMCID: PMC3159109 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF)-prolyl hydroxylases domain (PHD-1-3) are oxygen sensors that regulate the stability of the HIFs in an oxygen-dependent manner. Suppression of PHD enzymes leads to stabilization of HIFs and offers a potential treatment option for many ischemic disorders, such as peripheral artery occlusive disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Here, we show that homozygous disruption of PHD-1 (PHD-1(-/-)) could facilitate HIF-1α-mediated cardioprotection in ischemia/reperfused (I/R) myocardium. Wild-type (WT) and PHD-1(-/-) mice were randomized into WT time-matched control (TMC), PHD-1(-/-) TMC (PHD1TMC), WT I/R, and PHD-1(-/-) I/R (PHD1IR). Isolated hearts from each group were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. TMC hearts were perfused for 2 h 30 min without ischemia. Decreased infarct size (35%±0.6% vs. 49%±0.4%) and apoptotic cardiomyocytes (106±13 vs. 233±21 counts/100 high-power field) were observed in PHD1IR compared to wild-type ischemia/reperfusion (WTIR). Protein expression of HIF-1α was significantly increased in PHD1IR compared to WTIR. mRNA expression of β-catenin (1.9-fold), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (1.9-fold), p65 (1.9-fold), and Bcl-2 (2.7-fold) were upregulated in the PHD1IR compared with WTIR, which was studied by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Further, gel-shift analysis showed increased DNA binding activity of HIF-1α and nuclear factor-kappaB in PHD1IR compared to WTIR. In addition, nuclear translocation of β-catenin was increased in PHD1IR compared with WTIR. These findings indicated that silencing of PHD-1 attenuates myocardial I/R injury probably by enhancing HIF-1α/β-catenin/endothelial nitric oxide synthase/nuclear factor-kappaB and Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sudheer Adluri
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06032-1110, USA
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Oriowo B, Thirunavukkarasu M, Adluri S, Zhan L, Takeda K, Fong GH, Sanchez JA, Maulik N. Silencing prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 3 stabilizes hypoxia inducible factor −1 alpha and preserves myocardial function through the activation of pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic pathway following myocardial injury in mice. J Am Coll Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2011.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Adluri RS, Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Akita Y, Samuel SM, Otani H, Ho YS, Maulik G, Maulik N. Thioredoxin 1 enhances neovascularization and reduces ventricular remodeling during chronic myocardial infarction: a study using thioredoxin 1 transgenic mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2010; 50:239-47. [PMID: 21074540 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in disruption of neovascularization by alterations in thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) expression and its interaction with other proteins after myocardial infarction (MI). We previously showed that Trx1 has angiogenic properties, but the possible therapeutic significance of overexpressing Trx1 in chronic MI has not been elucidated. Therefore, we explored the angiogenic and cardioprotective potential of Trx1 in an in vivo MI model using transgenic mice overexpressing Trx1. Wild-type (W) and Trx1 transgenic (Trx1(Tg/+)) mice were randomized into W sham (WS), Trx1(Tg/+) sham (TS), WMI, and TMI. MI was induced by permanent occlusion of LAD coronary artery. Hearts from mice overexpressing Trx1 exhibited reduced fibrosis and oxidative stress and attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis along with increased vessel formation compared to WMI. We found significant inhibition of Trx1 regulating proteins, TXNIP and AKAP 12, and increased p-Akt, p-eNOS, p-GSK-3β, HIF-1α, β-catenin, VEGF, Bcl-2, and survivin expression in TMI compared to WMI. Echocardiography performed 30days after MI revealed significant improvement in myocardial functions in TMI compared to WMI. Our study identifies a potential role for Trx1 overexpression and its association with its regulatory proteins TXNIP, AKAP12, and subsequent activation of Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin/HIF-1α-mediated VEGF and eNOS expression in inducing angiogenesis and reduced ventricular remodeling. Hence, Trx1 and other proteins identified in our study may prove to be potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sudheer Adluri
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, USA
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Wetzelberger K, Baba SP, Thirunavukkarasu M, Ho YS, Maulik N, Barski OA, Conklin DJ, Bhatnagar A. Postischemic deactivation of cardiac aldose reductase: role of glutathione S-transferase P and glutaredoxin in regeneration of reduced thiols from sulfenic acids. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:26135-48. [PMID: 20538586 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.146423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR) is a multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of glucose and lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes. During myocardial ischemia, the activity of AR is increased due to the oxidation of its cysteine residues to sulfenic acids. It is not known, however, whether the activated, sulfenic form of the protein (AR-SOH) is converted back to its reduced, unactivated state (AR-SH). We report here that in perfused mouse hearts activation of AR during 15 min of global ischemia is completely reversed by 30 min of reperfusion. During reperfusion, AR-SOH was converted to a mixed disulfide (AR-SSG). Deactivation of AR and the appearance of AR-SSG during reperfusion were delayed in hearts of mice lacking glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP). In vitro, GSTP accelerated glutathiolation and inactivation of AR-SOH. Reduction of AR-SSG to AR-SH was facilitated by glutaredoxin (GRX). Ischemic activation of AR was increased in GRX-null hearts but was attenuated in the hearts of cardiospecific GRX transgenic mice. Incubation of AR-SSG with GRX led to the regeneration of the reduced form of the enzyme. In ischemic cardiospecific AR transgenic hearts, AR was co-immunoprecipitated with GSTP, whereas in reperfused hearts, the association of AR with GRX was increased. These findings suggest that upon reperfusion of the ischemic heart AR-SOH is converted to AR-SSG via GSTP-assisted glutathiolation. AR-SSG is then reduced by GRX to AR-SH. Sequential catalysis by GSTP and GRX may be a general redox switching mechanism that regulates the reduction of protein sulfenic acids to cysteines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wetzelberger
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
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Thirunavukkarasu M, Maulik N. Glycogen‐Synthase Kinase‐3beta/beta‐Catenin Axis Promotes Myocardial Angiogenesis: Role of VEGF. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.489.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Samuel SM, Thirunavukkarasu M, Penumathsa SV, Koneru S, Zhan L, Maulik G, Sudhakaran PR, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 gene therapy enhances angiogenic signaling and reduces ventricular remodeling in infarcted myocardium of diabetic rats. Circulation 2010; 121:1244-55. [PMID: 20194885 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.872481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study evaluated the reversal of diabetes-mediated impairment of angiogenesis in a myocardial infarction model of type 1 diabetic rats by intramyocardial administration of an adenoviral vector encoding thioredoxin-1 (Ad.Trx1). Various studies have linked diabetes-mediated impairment of angiogenesis to dysfunctional antioxidant systems in which thioredoxin-1 plays a central role. METHODS AND RESULTS Ad.Trx1 was administered intramyocardially in nondiabetic and diabetic rats immediately after myocardial infarction. Ad.LacZ was similarly administered to the respective control groups. The hearts were excised for molecular and immunohistochemical analysis at predetermined time points. Myocardial function was measured by echocardiography 30 days after the intervention. The Ad.Trx1-administered group exhibited reduced fibrosis, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell apoptosis compared with the diabetic myocardial infarction group, along with increased capillary and arteriolar density. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated myocardial overexpression of thioredoxin-1, heme oxygenase-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-beta, as well as decreased phosphorylated JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-alpha, in the Ad.Trx1-treated diabetic group. Conversely, we observed a significant reduction in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in nondiabetic and diabetic animals treated with tin protoporphyrin (SnPP, a heme oxygenase-1 enzyme inhibitor), even after Ad.Trx1 therapy. Echocardiographic analysis after 4 weeks of myocardial infarction revealed significant improvement in myocardial functional parameters such as ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and E/A ratio in the Ad.Trx1-administered group compared with the diabetic myocardial infarction group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that impairment of angiogenesis and myocardial dysfunction can be regulated by Ad.Trx1 gene therapy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats subjected to infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA
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Samuel SM, Akita Y, Paul D, Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Sudhakaran PR, Li C, Maulik N. Coadministration of adenoviral vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 enhances vascularization and reduces ventricular remodeling in the infarcted myocardium of type 1 diabetic rats. Diabetes 2010; 59:51-60. [PMID: 19794062 PMCID: PMC2797944 DOI: 10.2337/db09-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperglycemia impairs angiogenesis in response to ischemia, leading to ventricular remodeling. Although the effects of overexpressing angiogenic growth factors have been studied in inducing angiogenesis, the formation of functional vessels remains a challenge. The present study evaluates the reversal of diabetes-mediated impairment of angiogenesis in the infarcted diabetic rat myocardium by proangiogenic gene therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ad*VEGF and Ad*Ang1 were intramyocardially administered in combination immediately after myocardial infarction to nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Ad*LacZ was similarly administered to the respective control groups. The hearts were excised for molecular and immunohistochemical analysis at predetermined time points. The myocardial function was measured by echocardiography 30 days after the intervention. RESULTS We observed reduced fibrosis and increased capillary/arteriolar density along with reduced ventricular remodeling, as assessed by echocardiography in the treated diabetic animals compared with the nontreated diabetic controls. We also observed increased phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2, 2 days after the treatment and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Flk-1, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Tie-2, and survivin, 4 days after treatment in the diabetic animals. Gel shift analysis revealed that the combination gene therapy stimulated the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB in the diabetic animals. CONCLUSIONS Our preclinical data demonstrate the efficacy of coadministration of adenoviral VEGF and Ang-1 in increasing angiogenesis and reducing ventricular remodeling in the infarcted diabetic myocardium. These unique results call for the initiation of a clinical trial to assess the efficacy of this therapeutic strategy in the treatment of diabetes-related human heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Mathews Samuel
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Yuzo Akita
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Debayon Paul
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Lijun Zhan
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | | | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
- Corresponding author: Nilanjana Maulik,
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Penumathsa SV, Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Maulik G, Menon VP, Bagchi D, Maulik N. Resveratrol enhances GLUT-4 translocation to the caveolar lipid raft fractions through AMPK/Akt/eNOS signalling pathway in diabetic myocardium. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 12:2350-61. [PMID: 18266981 PMCID: PMC4514113 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis of blood glucose by insulin involves stimulation of glucose uptake by translocation of glucose transporter Glut-4 from intracellular pool to the caveolar membrane system. In this study we examined resveratrol (RSV)-mediated Glut-4 translocation in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic myocardium. The rats were randomized into three groups: Control (Con), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (STZ 65 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) & DM + RSV (2.5 mg/kg b.wt. for 2 weeks orally) (RSV). Isolated rat hearts were used as per the experimental model. RSV induced glucose uptake was observed in vitro with H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells. Decreased blood glucose level was observed after 30 days (375 mg/dl) in RSV-treated rats when compared to DM (587 mg/dl). Treatment with RSV demonstrated increased Adenosine Mono Phosphate Kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation compared to DM. Lipid raft fractions demonstrated decreased expression of Glut-4, Cav-3 (0.4, 0.6-fold) in DM which was increased to 0.75-and 1.1-fold on RSV treatment as compared to control. Increased Cav-1 expression (1.4-fold) in DM was reduced to 0.7-fold on RSV treatment. Increased phosphorylation of endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) & Akt was also observed in RSV compared to DM (P< 0.05). Confocal microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated decreased association of Glut-4/Cav-3 and increased association of Cav-1/eNOS in DM as compared to control and converse results were obtained on RSV treatment. Our results suggests that the effect of RSV is non-insulin dependent and triggers some of the similar intracellular insulin signalling components in myocardium such as eNOS, Akt through AMPK pathway and also by regulating the caveolin-1 and caveolin-3 status that might play an essential role in Glut-4 translocation and glucose uptake in STZ- induced type-1 diabetic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Varma Penumathsa
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA
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Vidavalur R, Swarnakar S, Thirunavukkarasu M, Samuel SM, Maulik N. Ex vivo and in vivo approaches to study mechanisms of cardioprotection targeting ischemia/reperfusion (i/r) injury: useful techniques for cardiovascular drug discovery. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2008; 5:269-278. [PMID: 19075607 DOI: 10.2174/157016308786733555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The last few decades have seen significant advancement in the therapy of Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHD). This is a direct outcome of the increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved during an ischemic insult of the myocardium. Even then there is still a major unmet need for better strategies or drug therapies to reduce ventricular remodeling and improve post-ischemic myocardial function. The ex-vivo isolated working heart model and the in vivo myocardial infarction model are the best known techniques to elucidate the contribution of a drug therapy to confer cardioprotection in the event of an ischemic insult/reperfusion. Our review aims to provide an insight into the state of the art techniques that lay the foundations for cardiovascular drug discovery and present the prospects for further development from a preclinical perspective. The first section of the review provides an overview of the rat/mouse ex-vivo and in vivo models of myocardial ischemia. The following section will then present various applications of these clinically relevant models in characterizing cardiac functions, screening for drugs and identifying the drug induced changes in cardiac functions. Finally the role of these models in drug development is discussed with respect to functional relevance of drug treatment on heart rate, aortic flow, coronary flow, infarct size and the mechanisms by which these drugs promote myocardial protection. This review may serve as a basic knowledge for researchers who intend to study the efficacy of a drug in the treatment of ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Vidavalur
- Department of Surgery, Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA
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Penumathsa SV, Thirunavukkarasu M, Samuel SM, Zhan L, Maulik G, Bagchi M, Bagchi D, Maulik N. Niacin bound chromium treatment induces myocardial Glut-4 translocation and caveolar interaction via Akt, AMPK and eNOS phosphorylation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2008; 1792:39-48. [PMID: 19027847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2008.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 10/18/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, one of the major risk factors of metabolic syndrome culminates in the development of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD). Refined diets that lack micronutrients, mainly trivalent chromium (Cr(3+)) have been identified as the contributor in the rising incidence of diabetes. We investigated the effect of niacin-bound chromium (NBC) during ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Rats were randomized into: Control (Con); Diabetic (Dia) and Diabetic rats fed with NBC (Dia+NBC). After 30 days of treatment, the isolated hearts were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. NBC treatment demonstrated significant increase in left ventricular functions and significant reduction in infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in Dia+NBC compared with Dia. Increased Glut-4 translocation to the lipid raft fractions was also observed in Dia+NBC compared to Dia. Reduced Cav-1 and increased Cav-3 expression along with phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS and AMPK might have resulted in increased Glut-4 translocation in Dia+NBC. Our results indicate that the cardioprotective effect of NBC is mediated by increased activation of AMPK, Akt and eNOS resulting in increased translocation of Glut-4 to the caveolar raft fractions thereby alleviating the effects of IR injury in the diabetic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Varma Penumathsa
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA
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Vidavalur R, Penumathsa SV, Thirunavukkarasu M, Zhan L, Krueger W, Maulik N. Sildenafil augments early protective transcriptional changes after ischemia in mouse myocardium. Gene 2008; 430:30-7. [PMID: 19013509 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recently, targeting cyclic-GMP specific phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) has attracted much interest in several cardiopulmonary diseases, in particular myocardial ischemia (MI). Although multiple mechanisms were postulated for these beneficial effects at cellular level, early transcriptional changes were unknown. The aim of present study was to examine gene expression profiles in response to MI after 24 h of ischemia in murine model and compare transcriptional modulation by sildenafil, a popular phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor. Mice were divided into four groups: Control sham (C), Sildenafil sham (S), Control MI (CMI) and Sildenafil MI (SMI). Sildenafil was given at a dose of 0.7 mg/kg intraperitoneally 30 min before LAD occlusion. cDNA microarray analysis of peri-infarct tissue was done using a custom cloneset and employing a looped dye swap design. Replicate signals were median averaged and normalized using LOWESS algorithm. R/MAANOVA analysis was used and false discovery rate corrected permutation p-values <0.005 were employed as significance thresholds. 156 genes were identified as significantly regulated demonstrating fold difference >1.5 in at least one of the four groups. 52 genes were significantly upregulated in SMI compared to CMI. For a randomly chosen subset of genes (9), microarray data were confirmed through real time RT-PCR. The differentially expressed genes could be classified into following groups based on their function: phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, apoptosis, differentiation, ATP binding. Our results suggest that sildenafil treatment might regulate early genetic reprogramming strategy for preservation of the ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Vidavalur
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center; 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA
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