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Liang Y, Guo SB, Xu C, Su YY, Su CY, Zhang W, Liu B. A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical Application of Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202302037. [PMID: 38546704 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Tinospora sinensis (T. sinensis), whose Tibetan name is "Lezhe", as a traditional medicine, is widely distributed in China, India and Sri Lanka. It is used for the treatment of rheumatic arthralgia, sciatica, lumbar muscle strain and bruises. Research over the previous decades indicated that T. sinensis mainly contains terpenes, lignans, alkaloids, phenol glycosides and other chemical components. A wide range of pharmacologic activities such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunosuppressive, anti-aging, anti-radiation, anti-leishmania and liver protection have been reported. However, the scholar's research on the pharmacodynamic material basis of T. sinensis is relatively weak. Data regarding many aspects such as links between the traditional uses and bioactivities, pharmacokinetics, and quality control standard of active compositions is still limited and need more attention. This review reports a total of 241 compounds, the ethnopharmacology and clinical application of T. sinensis, covering the literature which were searched by multiple databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, CNKI and other literature sources from 1996 to date, with a view to provide a systematic and insightful reference and lays a foundation and inspiration for the application and further in-depth research of T. sinensis resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shao-Bo Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
- Beijing Youbo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101300, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Ying-Ying Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
- The Key Research Laboratory of "Exploring Effective Substance in Classic and Famous Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine", The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
- The Key Research Laboratory of "Exploring Effective Substance in Classic and Famous Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine", The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 102488, China
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Anh BTM, Trang DT, Lan HTT, Van Kiem P, Tai BH, Dung NV, Nam NKT, Cuong NT, Nhiem NX, Mai NT. Constituents of Tinospora sinensis and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2022:1-7. [PMID: 36069750 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2113975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One new phenylpropanoid glycoside, tinosinen A (1) and 13 known compounds, tinosinen (2), citrusin B (3), picraquassioside C (4), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4'-coniferyl alcohol (5), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (6), erythro-syringylglycerol-8-O-4'-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (7), seco-isolariciresinol 9-O-D-β-glucopyranoside (8), tinosposide A (9), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), syringaresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), pinoresinol (12), syringaresinol (13), and lirioresino-β-dimethyl ether (14) were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. Their structures were established by detailed spectroscopic studies and comparisons with those reported in the literature. Compound 13 showed significant inhibitory NO production (IC50 value of 38.53 ± 1.90 μM) in RAW264.7 macrophages, LPS-stimulated. Compounds 3-7, 11, 12, and 14 inhibited NO production with IC50 values ranging from 38.53 to 99.07 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bui Thi Mai Anh
- Department of Basic Science, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 11512, Vietnam
| | - Do Thi Trang
- Department of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Tuyet Lan
- Department of Basic Science, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 11512, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Department of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Department of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Viet Dung
- Department of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Ninh Khach Thanh Nam
- Department of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen The Cuong
- Me Linh Station for Biodiversity, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VAST, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Department of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Mai
- Department of Basic Science, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 11512, Vietnam
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Parveen A, Alhusban M, Fantoukh OI, Ali Z, Chittiboyina AG, Khan IA, Khan SI. Probing PXR activation and modulation of CYP3A4 by Tinospora crispa and Tinospora sinensis. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 291:115159. [PMID: 35245632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The two Tinospora species, T. crispa and T. sinensis, native to Southeast Asia, are integral components of various traditional preparations with structure-function claims to treat various disorders, including diabetes and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY To assure the safety of the botanicals finished products, herb-drug interaction potential of T. crispa and T. sinensis was investigated by testing their extracts and compounds for in vitro activation of the pregnane X-receptor (PXR) and the modulation of CYP3A4 isozyme, selectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of sixteen fully characterized phytochemicals from T. crispa and T. sinensis were evaluated for PXR activation by luciferase reporter gene assay. CYP3A4 inhibition studies were carried out for eleven compounds. In addition, docking studies were performed to elucidate the possible binding modes to the PXR by the compounds using computational methods. RESULTS Significant activation of PXR (2-fold) was observed for both extracts and non-polar fractions of T. crispa. Among the pure compounds, columbin showed highest activation of PXR (3-fold), which was comparable with the positive control, rifampicin. Vital interactions were predicted with docking simulation of PXR-columbin complex with critical amino acid residues (Trp-299) that are known for the activation of PXR. The methanolic extracts of T. crispa and T. sinensis also showed considerable CYP3A4 inhibition. CONCLUSION T. crispa and T. sinensis, both demonstrated the potential to mediate herb-drug interaction through PXR activation and inhibition of CYP3A4 isozyme. Moreover, the elucidation of the potential to induce herb-drug interaction, by the phytochemicals of these Tinospora plants, thereby supports the need for further investigation to establish the clinical relevancy of these constituents for possible adverse interactions with pharmaceutical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidah Parveen
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abbottabad University of Science & Technology, Havelian, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Manal Alhusban
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States; Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Omer I Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States.
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States.
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States.
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States.
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Zhang JS, Xu DF, Wang YY, Ma RF, Zhang H. Clerodane furanoditerpenoids from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:328-339. [PMID: 35478401 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
One new clerodane-type furanoditerpenoid tinosinoid A (1) and nine new nor-clerodane analogs tinosinoids B-J (2-10) have been isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. The structures of the new compounds with absolute configurations have been elucidated by spectroscopic means, including MS, NMR and ECD techniques, as well as chemical correlation. Compound 1 is a rare sulfur-containing clerodane diterpenoid incorporating a 2-mercaptoethanol unit via a thioether bond, while compounds 4/5 and 9 represent two pairs of unusual equilibrium regioisomers through an interesting intramolecular transesterification. Our bioassays established that 1 and 8 displayed moderate antiproliferative effects against two human tumor cell lines, and 9 and 10 showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. A kinetics study revealed that compound 10 was a noncompetitive α-glucosidase inhibitor, and its possible binding mode to the enzyme was further probed by molecular docking experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sheng Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - De-Feng Xu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yin-Yin Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Ren-Fen Ma
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
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Zhang JS, Hu Y, Song KS, Wu F, Zhu K, Xu DF, Zhang H. Diterpenoid glucosides with cystathionine γ-lyase inhibitory activity from Tinospora sinensis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105400. [PMID: 34627118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen previously undescribed nor-clerodane diterpenoid glucosides tinosinesides C-Q (1-15), along with four known analogues (16-19), were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic means, and their absolute configurations were established on the basis of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation and chemical methods. All the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), a natural enzyme responsible for the synthesis of H2S. Compounds 4 and 5 represent rare examples of natural CSE inhibitors and the possible binding mode to CSE was further probed by molecular docking experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sheng Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Youtian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kun-Sheng Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kongkai Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - De-Feng Xu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
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Abstract
Two new lignan glucosides, tinsinlignans A and B (1 and 2), two new oxyneolignans, tinsinlignans C and D (3 and 4), along with one known analogue (5), were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on analysis of spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined through electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation based on the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cells and compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 18.5 ± 2.0 and 28.8 ± 1.2 μmol·L-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sheng Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - De-Feng Xu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin-Xin Cao
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yin-Yin Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Zhou F, He K, Guan Y, Yang X, Chen Y, Sun M, Qiu X, Yan F, Huang H, Yao L, Liu B, Huang L. Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate pharmacological mechanisms of Tinospora sinensis for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 259:112940. [PMID: 32389853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. belongs to the family Menispermaceae. It is called LeZhe and is widely used as a kind of folk medicine especially in the Tibetan Plateau of China. T. sinensis has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxification, dispelling wind and dredging collaterals, calming and soothing the nerves. T. sinensis is an effective medicine for the prevention and treatment of aging diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Tibetan Plateau of China, whereas its material basis and underlying mechanisms are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the material basis and potential mechanisms of T. sinensis in the treatment of AD by using network pharmacology and molecular docking. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, targets were collected from DrugBank database, Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) and literatures reports for the treatment of AD. Compounds were searched by literatures and systematic separation from T. sinensis. The molecular docking experiment was carried out by using Autodock Vina software to screen the bioactive compounds in T. sinensis and target proteins for AD. Then, the "compound-target network" was constructed by Cytoscape software. The drug-like properties of the active compounds were analyzed by pKCSM performs, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) target pathway enrichment analysis was carried out by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Furthermore, the protective effect of neurons of two active compounds were verified with the injury cell model of PC12 and primary hippocampus neurons induced by Aβ25-35. Finally, the key proteins of related pathways were quantitatively analyzed with Western blot method. RESULTS In total, 105 compounds and 38 targets have been screened. The main active compounds contained berberine, which belongs to alkaloids, Aurantiamide acetate, N-P-coumaroyltyramine, which belongs to amides, Trans-syringin and 3-demethyl-phillyrin, which belongs to phenylpropanoids. The targets covered inflammation-related proteins, including Protein kinase B (AKT), Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 (JAK1), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Neuronal NOS (NOS1), and cholinergic function-related proteins, including α4-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4 nAChR), Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (Muscarnic M1). Inflammation and cholinergic dysfunction were the center of the network and occupy a dominant position. And the results of enrichment analysis shown the pathways mainly contained phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signal pathway, neurotrophic factors (NTFs) signal pathway, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signal pathway, mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signal pathway, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signal pathway, insulin resistance (IR). The results of in vitro assays showed that the tested compounds could significantly improve the survival rate and inhibit the apoptosis of PC12 cells and primary hippocampal neurons injured by Aβ25-35. Western blot results showed that T. sinensis had a significant effect on the expression of protein PI3K and Akt. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that T. sinensis could prevent and treat AD through a multi-compound-multi-target-multi-pathway regulatory network. Our work also expected to provide new ideas and theoretical bases for searching for the active compounds in T. sinensis and potential mechanism in the prevention and treatment of AD by the network pharmacology and molecular docking. The results of in vitro assay and in vivo assay supported the results of molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Kun He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Yang Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Xiyang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Yaohui Chen
- Jiang Xi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, PR China
| | - Mengsheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Feixia Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China
| | - Huilian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, PR China
| | - Lihua Yao
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, PR China.
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Thakur RK, Rajpal VR, Rao SR, Singh A, Joshi L, Kaushal P, Raina SN. Induction and evaluation of colchitetraploids of two species of Tinospora Miers, 1851. Comp Cytogenet 2020; 14:211-229. [PMID: 32509238 PMCID: PMC7253504 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v14i2.33394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Autotetraploidy, both natural and/or induced, has potential for genetic improvement of various crop species including that of medicinal importance. Tinospora cordifolia (Willdenow, 1806) Miers, 1851 ex Hooker et Thomson, 1855 and T. sinensis (Loureiro, 1790) Merrill, 1934 are two diploid species, which are dioecious, deciduous and climbing shrubs with high medicinal importance. Among the three methods used for induction of polyploidy by colchicine treatment, it was cotton swab method which successfully induced the polyploidy in both species. The morphological and cytogenetical features of the synthetic tetraploids were compared with their diploid counterparts. The tetraploids were morphologically distinct from diploid plants. They exhibited larger organs, such as stem, leaves, inflorescence, fruits, flowers and seeds. The tetraploids were characterized by the presence of low quadrivalent frequency and high bivalent average. Unequal distribution of chromosomes at anaphase I was found in 60% cells. The present study provides important information on the superiority of autotetraploids as compared to diploid counterparts in both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kr. Thakur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, IndiaAmity UniversityNoidaIndia
| | - Vijay Rani Rajpal
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, IndiaUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia
| | - Satyawada Rama Rao
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, IndiaNorth Eastern Hill UniversityShillongIndia
| | - Apekshita Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, IndiaAmity UniversityNoidaIndia
| | - Lata Joshi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, IndiaAmity UniversityNoidaIndia
| | - Pankaj Kaushal
- ICAR- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, IndiaICAR- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research InstituteJhansiIndia
| | - Soom Nath Raina
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, IndiaAmity UniversityNoidaIndia
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Parveen A, Ali Z, Fantoukh O, Alhusban M, Wang W, Chittiboyina AG, Khan IA. Undescribed phenylpropanoid and a dimeric sesquiterpenoid possessing a rare cyclobutane ring from Tinospora sinensis. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:3955-3962. [PMID: 32306764 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1752207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A rare dimeric sesquiterpenoid (tinosposinoside, 1) and a phenylpropanoid (cordifolioside C, 2), two undescribed metabolites, were isolated from the methanolic extract of the stems of Tinospora sinensis together with thirteen known compounds. This is the second example of a sesquiterpene dimer where two monomers linked together through a cyclobutane ring, possibly generated through [2 + 2] cycloaddition. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by NMR and mass techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidah Parveen
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abbottabad University of Science & Technology, Havelian, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Omer Fantoukh
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Alhusban
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Amar G Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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Banerjee A, Singh S, Prasad SK, Kumar S, Banerjee O, Seal T, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Protective efficacy of Tinospora sinensis against streptozotocin induced pancreatic islet cell injuries of diabetic rats and its correlation to its phytochemical profiles. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 248:112356. [PMID: 31669668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tinospora sinensis Lour. (Merr.) belongs to the family Menispermaceae and its stem extract have been used traditionally in broad aspects of therapeutic remedies including debility, dyspepsia, fever, jaundice, ulcer, bronchitis, urinary disease, skin disease, liver disease and diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to evaluate the protective effects of methanol extract of stem of Tinospora sinensis (METS) on streptozotocin induced pancreatic islet cell injuries of diabetic rats and its correlation to its phytochemical profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS A high-performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the major phytochemicals present in the METS. Diabetic rats were administered with METS at a dose of (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively orally) and standard drug Metformin (300 mg/kg) was given orally to group serving positive control. Effect of the METS on glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, antioxidant status, histopathology of pancreas and also on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, cell cycle of pancreatic islet cells were studied in diabetic rats. RESULTS The major phytochemicals identified and quantified by HPLC in the extract were berberine, caffeic acid, myricetin and ferulic acid. This result showed that methanol extract exhibited good antioxidant effect. The methanol extract of the plant prevented the diabetogenic effect of STZ and significantly lowered the fasting blood glucose level, glycated haemoglobin and increased insulin and C-peptide level in treated rats. METS reduced apoptosis of STZ treated islet cells by significantly decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL6), intracellular ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO) production and increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and sub-G0 peak area, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. CONCLUSION The results revealed that the methanol extract of the stem of the plant possesses protective effects against diabetes and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Siddhartha Singh
- Department of Physiology, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Shilpi Kumari Prasad
- Department of Physiology, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Kumar
- Department of Instrumentation Science, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Oly Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan Seal
- Plant Chemistry Department, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, Shibpur, 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, 712201, West Bengal, India
| | - Bithin Kumar Maji
- Department of Physiology, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, 712201, West Bengal, India.
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Badavenkatappa SG, Peraman R. In vitro antitubercular, anticancer activities and IL-10 expression in HCT-116 cells of Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr. leaves extract. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:4669-4674. [PMID: 31872772 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1705814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Considering the importance of Tinospora sinensis in folklore as immunomodulant, the leaves subjected to cold maceration using ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane and then screened for their antitubercular, anticancer and IL-10 expression (HCT-116) properties using luciferase reporter phage, MTT and flow cytometry assay methods, respectively. The results revealed that ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts demonstrated the promising (p < 0.05) antitubercular activity with inhibition (%) of 92% and 86%, at 100 µg/ml, respectively and the respective IC50 values of 63.99 and 113.7 µg/ml on HeLa and HCT-166 cells. The n-hexane extract demonstrated the significant (p < 0.05) IL-10 expression (44.12 MFU) in HCT-116 cells against the control cells (8.48 MFU). The GC-MS analyses of n-hexane extract showed presence of tembatarine, berberine, cordifoliside E, and magnoflorine as major constituents. Among all extracts, n-hexane leaf extract was found to be potent against inhibition of colon cancer cells (HCT-116) and Mycobacteria, with significant immunostimulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramalingam Peraman
- RERDS-Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER)-Autonomous, Anantapur, India
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12
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Jiao QS, Xu LL, Zhang JY, Wang ZJ, Jiang YY, Liu B. Rapid Characterization and Identification of Non-Diterpenoid Constituents in Tinospora sinensis by HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS n. Molecules 2018; 23:E274. [PMID: 29382158 PMCID: PMC6017642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tinospora sinensis, a kind of Chinese folk medicine, has functions of harmonizing qi and blood, dredging the channels and collaterals, calming and soothing the nerves. In the present study, a method based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) was developed for the systematical characterization of the non-diterpenoid constituents which possessed remarkable biological activities in T. sinensis, like anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic activity and immunomodulatory activity. Based on the accurate mass measurement (<5 ppm), retention times and MS fragmentation ions, 60 non-diterpenoid constituents were unambiguously or tentatively characterized from T. sinensis extract, including 27 alkaloids, 23 phenylpropanoids, seven sesquiterpenoids and three other constituents. Among them, 13 compounds were tentatively identified as new compounds. Finally, three of the non-diterpenoid constituents were purified and identified, which further confirmed the validity of the results. This study demonstrated that the HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSn platform was a useful and efficient analytical tool to screen and identify constituents in natural medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Shu Jiao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Lu-Lu Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zi-Jian Wang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Jiang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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13
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Xu LL, Guo FX, Chi SS, Wang ZJ, Jiang YY, Liu B, Zhang JY. Rapid Screening and Identification of Diterpenoids in Tinospora sinensis Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Linear Ion Trap-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2017; 22:E912. [PMID: 28561755 PMCID: PMC6152629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Diterpenoids are considered the major active compounds in Tinospora sinensis in virtue of their special structures and activities. Herein, an analytical method was developed for rapid screening and identification of diterpenoids in T. sinensis using high-performmance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap) in negative ion mode. Two diterpenoid reference standards were first analyzed to obtain their characteristic ESI-MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Then, based on the extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) data-mining method and characteristic fragmentation pathways analysis, diterpenoids in T. sinensis were rapidly screened and identified. After that, an important parameter, Clog P, was adopted to discriminate between the isomers of diterpenoids. As a result, 63 diterpenoids were characterized from the extract of T. sinensis, including 10 diterpenoids and 53 diterpenoid glycosides. Among them, 15 compounds were tentatively identified as new compounds. Finally, target isolation of one diterpenoid glycoside named tinosineside A was performed based on the obtained results, which further confirmed the deduced fragmentation patterns and identified diterpenoid profile in T. sinensis. The results demonstrated that the established method could be a rapid, effective analytical tool for screening and characterization of diterpenoids in the complex systems of natural medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Feng-Xia Guo
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Sen-Sen Chi
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zi-Jian Wang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yan-Yan Jiang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- Beijing Research Institution of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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14
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Srinivasan GV, Unnikrishnan KP, Rema Shree AB, Balachandran I. HPLC Estimation of berberine in Tinospora cordifolia and Tinospora sinensis. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008; 70:96-9. [PMID: 20390090 PMCID: PMC2852071 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.40341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Revised: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the estimation of berberine in the stem of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers. ex Hook.f. and Thoms. and Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merrill is described. The dried stems of T. cordifolia and T. sinensis were defatted with petroleum ether (60-80 degrees ). The marc was dried and further extracted with methanol. The concentration of berberine in methanol extract was determined using a C-18 reverse phase column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile:water (10:90 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min and with UV detection at 266 nm. TLC and HPLC comparison of both the species revealed significant variation in the chemical constitution of the two species. This observation becomes important in the context of the use of T. sinensis in place of the genuine drug T. cordifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. V. Srinivasan
- Phytochemistry Division, Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Changuvetty, Kottakkal - 676 503, Kerala, India
| | - K. P. Unnikrishnan
- Phytochemistry Division, Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Changuvetty, Kottakkal - 676 503, Kerala, India
| | - A. B. Rema Shree
- Phytochemistry Division, Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Changuvetty, Kottakkal - 676 503, Kerala, India
| | - Indira Balachandran
- Phytochemistry Division, Centre for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Changuvetty, Kottakkal - 676 503, Kerala, India
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