Fluorescent responsive membrane based on terbium coordination polymer and carbon dots with AIE effect for rapid and visual detection of fluoroquinolone

In this study, based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect and antenna effect, a novel portable fluorescent responsive membrane was constructed with red carbon dots (R-CDs) as reference signal and terbium coordination polymer (Tb-AMP CPs) as response signal for visual, instrument-free, and sensitive detection of fluoroquinolones (FQs). Specifically, the fluorescent responsive membrane (R-T membrane) was prepared by physically depositing R-CDs with AIE property and Tb-AMP CPs on the surface of polyvinylidene fluoride filter membranes at ambient temperature. In the presence of FQs, Tb3+ in the Tb-AMP CPs of the prepared membrane coordinated with the β-diketone structure of FQs, which turned on the yellow-green fluorescence through the "antenna effect". As the concentration of FQs increased, the R-T membrane achieved a fluorescent color transition from bright pink to yellow-green. Its visual detection sensitivity for three FQs, including ciprofloxacin, difloxacin, and enrofloxacin, was 0.01 μM, and the detection limits were 7.4 nM, 7.8 nM, and 9.2 nM, respectively, by analyzing the color parameter green. In the residue analysis of FQs in real samples, the constructed membrane also exhibited remarkable anti-interference and reliability, which is of great significance for ensuring the safety of animal-derived food.

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of cancer nanomedicine from 2013 to 2023

Cancer nanomedicine has been an emerging field for drug development against malignant tumors during the past three decades. A bibliometric analysis was performed to characterize the current international trends and present visual representations of the evolution and emerging trends in the research and development of nanocarriers for cancer treatment. This study employed bibliometric analysis and visualization techniques to analyze the literature on antitumor nanocarriers published between 2013 and 2023. A total of 98,980 articles on antitumor nanocarriers were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database and analyzed using the Citespace software for specific characteristics such as publication year, countries/regions, organizations, keywords, and references. Network visualization was constructed by VOSviewer and Citespace. From 2013 to 2023, the annual global publications increased 7.39 times, from 1851 to 13,683. People's Republic of China (2588 publications) was the most productive country. Chinese Academy of Sciences (298 publications) was the most productive organization. The top 5 high-frequency keywords were "nanoparticles," "drug delivery," "nanomedicine," "cancer," and "nanocarriers." The keywords with the strongest citation bursts recently were "cancer immunotherapy," "microenvironment," "antitumor immunity," etc., which indicated the emerging frontiers of antitumor nanomedicine. The co-occurrence cluster analysis of the keywords formed 6 clusters, and most of the top 10 publications by citation counts focused on cluster #1 (nanocarriers) and cluster #2 (cancer immunotherapy). We further provided insightful discussions into the identified subtopics to help researchers gain more details of current trends and hotspots in this field. The present study processes a macro-level literature analysis of antitumor nanocarriers and provides new perspectives and research directions for future development in cancer nanomedicine.

Research Hotspots and Frontiers of Alzheimer's Disease and Gut Microbiota: A Knowledge Mapping and Text Mining Analysis

Gut microbiota has been confirmed to be closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research on gut microbiota and AD has also increased significantly. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of published studies related to gut microbiota and AD. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded database, we utilize Excel 2019 and visualization analysis tools VOSviewer, Co-Occurrence13.2 (COOC13.2), Citespace, HistCite, and Bibliometrix (R-Tool of R-Studio) for analysis. A total of 1093 related kinds of literature were included, and the number of papers presented an overall increasing trend. The country/region with the most publications is China, the institution is Zhejiang University, the author is Walter J Lukiw from the USA, and the journal is the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. Hotspot research areas include the relationship between gut microbiota metabolism and AD, AD treatments related to the gut microbiota, and diseases related to AD and gut microbiota. The future research direction may be T cells, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Studies on AD and gut microbiota have grown rapidly in recent years. Our research results may provide valuable references for readers and help researchers better find new research directions in the future.

A paper-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor for NH3 detection in gaseous phase: Real-time monitoring of chilled chicken freshness

A ratiometric fluorescence sensor platform with easy-to-use and accurate is nanoengineered for NH3 quantitative detection and visual real-time monitoring of chicken freshness using smartphones. The ratiometric fluorescent probe formed by combining the zinc ion complex and carbon dots has a double-emitted fluorescence peak. The fluorescence intensity of the complex changed can be clearly observed with the increase of the concentration of ammonia solution under 365 nm wavelength excitation. In order to detect NH3 concentration in gaseous phase, a portable paper-based sensor was designed. The sensor had a good linear relationship with NH3 concentration ranging from 10.0 to 90.0 μmol/L and the LOD value was 288 nM. This fluorescent paper-based sensor was used to check the freshness of chicken breast refrigerated at 4 °C, revealed observable shifts from blue to green. The fluorescent paper-based sensor can detect NH3 concentration in real time and simplify the monitoring process of meat freshness while ensuring accuracy and stability.

Research trends and hotspots of sleep disorder and cancer: a bibliometric analysis via VOSviewer and CiteSpace

PURPOSE

The purpose of this research is to further understand the research status and summarize the research hotspots of sleep disorder and cancer, so as to provide insights into future researches.

METHODS

In this research, the publications pertaining to sleep disorders and cancer from 1992 to 2022 was retrieved from SCIE and SSCI databases in the Web of Science Core Collection. The subject, journal, country/regions, institutions, author, and citations of publications were descriptively analyzed and visual analysis.

RESULTS

From 1992 to December 2022, a total of 732 relevant literatures were retrieved from WOS SCIE and SSCI databases, the number of publications showed an increasing trend year by year. These articles were published in 252 journals, and the three most productive journals included Supportive Care in Cancer (80 publications), Psycho-oncology (32 publications), and Journal of Pain and Symptom Management (32 publications). The three most productive countries included the USA (367 publications, 50.1%), China (133 publications, 18.2%), and Canada (97 publications, 13.25%), with total citations of 12,684, 1866, and 5263. The three latest hot keywords in this field were sleep duration, validity, and inflammation.

CONCLUSION

The USA, China, and Canada produced a lot of literature in the research field of sleep disorders and cancer, and had relatively great academic influence from 1992 to 2022. Researchers could pay more attention to the published in journals such as Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sleep, and Supportive Care in Cancer to timely grasp the latest progress and expand the breadth and depth in this area. Looking at the history of tumor and sleep disorder research in the past 20 years, the clinical treatment of sleep disorder caused by tumor and the direct bidirectional mechanism of the two may be a new focus of future research.

Enhanced recovery after surgery from 1997 to 2022: a bibliometric and visual analysis

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative management concept, but there is no article to comprehensively review the collaboration and impact of countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords on ERAS from a bibliometric perspective. This study assessed the evolution of clustering of knowledge structures and identified hot trends and emerging topics. Articles and reviews related to ERAS were retrieved through subject search from the Web of Science Core Collection. We used the following strategy: "TS = Enhanced recovery after surgery" OR "Enhanced Postsurgical Recovery" OR "Postsurgical Recoveries, Enhanced" OR "Postsurgical Recovery, Enhanced" OR "Recovery, Enhanced Postsurgical" OR "Fast track surgery" OR "improve surgical outcome". Bibliometric analyses were conducted on Excel 365, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrics (R-Tool of R-Studio). Totally 3242 articles and reviews from 1997 to 2022 were included. These publications were mainly from 684 journals in 78 countries, led by the United States and China. Kehlet H published the most papers and had the largest number of co-citations. Analysis of the journals with the most outputs showed that most journals mainly cover Surgery and Oncology. The hottest keyword is "enhanced recovery after surgery". Later appearing topics and keywords indicate that the hotspots and future research trends include ERAS protocols for other types of surgery and improving perioperative status, including "bariatric surgery", "thoracic surgery", and "prehabilitation". This study reviewed the research on ERAS using bibliometric and visualization methods, which can help scholars better understand the dynamic evolution of ERAS and provide directions for future research.

Trends in phytoremediation of heavy metals-contaminated soils: A Web of science and CiteSpace bibliometric analysis

Heavy metals pollution in soils is an urgent environmental issue worldwide. Phytoremediation is a green and eco-friendly way of remediating heavy metals. However, a systematic overview of this field is limited, and little is known about future development trends. Therefore, we used CiteSpace software to conduct bibliometric and visual analyses of published literature in the field of phytoremediation of heavy metals in soils from the Web of Science core collection and identified research hotspots and development trends in this field. Researchers are paying increased attention to phytoremediation of heavy metals in soils, especially environmental researchers. A total of 121 countries or regions, 3790 institutions, 4091 funded organisations and 15,482 authors have participated in research in this area. China, India, and Pakistan are the largest contributors. There has been extensive cooperation between countries, institutions, and authors worldwide, but there is a lack of cooperation among top authors. 'Calcareous soil', 'Co-contaminated soil' and 'Metal availability' are the most intensively investigated topics. 'EDTA', 'Plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria', 'Photosynthesis', 'Biochar' and 'Phytoextraction' are research hotspots in this field. In addition, more and more researchers are beginning to pay attention to research on co-contaminated soil, metal availability, chelating agents, and microbial-assisted phytoremediation. In summary, bibliometric, and visual analyses in the field of phytoremediation of heavy metals in soils identifies probable directions for future research and provides a resource through which to better understand this rapidly advancing subject.

Evaluation of therapeutic effect and prognostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in different treatment nodes of DLBCL patients

BACKGROUND

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of baseline (B), interim (I) and end-of-treatment (Eot) 18F-FDG PET/CT in assessing the prognosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), so as to identify patients who need intensive treatment at an early stage.

METHODS

A total of 127 DLBCL patients (62 men; 65 women; median age 62 years) were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Baseline (n = 127), interim (n = 127, after 3-4 cycles) and end-of-treatment (n = 53, after 6-8 cycles) PET/CT images were re-evaluated; semi-quantitative parameters such as maximum standardized uptake value of lesion-to-liver ratio (SUVmax(LLR)) and lesion-to-mediastinum ratio (SUVmax(LMR)), total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total metabolic tumor volume (TLG) were recorded. ΔTLG1 was the change of interim relative to baseline TLG (I to B), ΔTLG2 (Eot to B). ΔSUVmax and ΔTMTV were the same algorithm. The visual Deauville 5-point scale (D-5PS) has been adopted as the major criterion for PET evaluation. Visual analysis (VA) and semi-quantitative parameters were assessed for the ability to predict progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by using Kaplan-Meier method, cox regression and logistic regression analysis. When visual and semi-quantitative analysis are combined, the result is only positive if both are positive.

RESULTS

At a median follow-up of 34 months, the median PFS and OS were 20 and 32 months. The survival curve analysis showed that advanced stage and IPI score with poor prognosis, ΔSUVmax(LLR)1 < 89.2%, ΔTMTV1 < 91.8% and ΔTLG1 < 98.8%, ΔSUVmax(LLR)2 < 86.4% were significantly related to the shortening of PFS in patient (p < 0.05). ΔSUVmax(LLR)1 < 83.2% and ΔTLG1 < 97.6% were significantly correlated with the shortening of OS in patients (p < 0.05). Visual analysis showed that incomplete metabolic remission at I-PET and Eot-PET increased the risk of progress and death. In terms of predicting recurrence by I-PET, the combination of visual and semi-quantitative parameters showed higher positive predictive value (PPV) and specificity than a single index.

CONCLUSION

Three to four cycles of R-CHOP treatment may be a time point for early prediction of early recurrence/refractory (R/R) patients and active preemptive treatment. Combined visual analysis with semi-quantitative parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT at interim can improve prognostic accuracy and may allow for more precise screening of patients requiring early intensive therapy.

Hair fixative traces on footwear - Establishing a link between footwear and the victim's hair after kicks to the head

Kicking a person laying on the floor in the head is a crime whose forensic investigation could profit from additional microtraces capable of linking a suspected footwear, and by extension its owner, to the victim and their injuries. The transfer of hair fixatives (hair gel, hair wax, hair spray, hair foam, etc.) represents such a trace and was consequently practically evaluated throughout this study. This study consists of two parts: The first part, the differentiation study, encompasses the visual, and instrumental analysis of a variety of different hair fixatives to determine their analysability and differentiation potential. The visual examination was conducted using alternate light sources and filter lenses. Subsequently, the instrumental analysis was carried out, whereby the focus lay on Fourier Transform Infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The second part is comprised of different experiments including a test-transfer and pendulum experiments to assess the process and the potential variables of the transfer of hair fixative traces between hair and fabric shoes during a kick. This helped to determine the effect of the kick strength and the behaviour of differing hair products. Retrieval methods to secure hair fixative traces of footwear and from the hair of a victim were developed. These were subsequently tested out on an acute case example..

Visual analysis of hotspots and trends in long COVID research based on bibliometric

After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, a series of symptoms may persist for a long time, which is now called long COVID. It was found that long COVID can affect all patients with COVID-19. Therefore, long COVID has become a hot topic. In this study, we used the WOS database as a sample data source to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of 1765 long COVID articles over the past three years through VOSviewer and R package. The results show that countries/authors in Europe and The United States of America contribute most of the articles, and their cooperation is also the most active. Keyword co-occurrence identified four clusters, with important topics including the mechanism, clinical symptoms, epidemiological characteristics, and management/treatment of long COVID. Themes such as "cognitive impairment", "endothelial dysfunction", "diagnosis", and "biomarkers" are likely to be the focus of new attention in the coming period. In addition, we put forward the possible research opportunities on long COVID for researchers and practitioners to facilitate future research.

[Bibliometric and visual analysis of pneumoconiosis based on Cite Space]

Objective: Through the bibliometrics analysis and visual analysis of Chinese and English literature related to pneumoconiosis through CiteSpace, to understand the research situation, research trend and hotspots of pneumoconiosis, so as to provide reference for further research. Methods: In August 2022, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) data baseand Web of Science core collection database were used as data sources for literature retrieval. Cite Space.5.8.R3c software was used to analyze the cooperation between authors and institutions, keyword co-occurrence analysis, keyword clustering analysis and keyword emergence analysis. Results: A total of 4726 Chinese literature and 2490 English literature related to pneumoconiosis were included; The annual publication volume of Chinese literature shows a fluctuating downward trend, while the annual publication volume of English literature shows a fluctuating upward trend. The Institute of Labor Health and Occupational Disease of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medical Sciences and the Institute of Occupational Health and Poisoning Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention have the highest publication volume (55 articles) in the institutional cooperation network; The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the United States has the highest publication volume (153 articles) in the institutional collaboration network. The results of keyword co-occurrence, clustering, and prominence analysis show that Chinese literature focuses more on clinical research on pneumoconiosis, while English literature focuses more on experimental research related to the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis. Conclusion: In the related field of pneumoconiosis research, the experimental research and clinical research on the pathogenesis are the main research hotspots.

Two decades of research on the role of diet in Alzheimer's disease (2003-2023): a bibliometric and visual analysis based on CiteSpace

BACKGROUND

In recent years, the impact of diet on Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a modifiable lifestyle has attracted widespread attention. We aimed to elucidate the current research status, frontiers, and research trends regarding the role of diet in AD over the past two decades through CiteSpace.

METHODS

Studies related to AD and diet that were published from January 1, 2003, to June 30, 2023, were retrieved via the Web of Science Core Collection. We imported the study data into CiteSpace for visual analysis of countries, institutions, co-authors, and co-occurring keywords.

RESULTS

A total of 922 relevant studies were included in our analysis, which found Nikolaos Scarmeas was the most prolific author (13 studies, 1.41%). The results also indicated that USA and Columbia University were the country and institution with the highest number of publications, with 209 (22.67%) and 23 (2.49%), respectively. The keywords that had a burst in the past four years were neuroinflammation, AD, tau, association, and beta.

CONCLUSION

Talent exchange and regional cooperation are recommended in this study field. The results indicate that the effectiveness of various dietary patterns and mechanisms of dietary interventions using biomarkers and supplementation with refined nutrients will be the main research trends in the future.

Amorphous amEu-NH2BDC and amTb-NH2BDC as ratio fluorescence probes for smartphone-integrated naked eye detection of bacillus anthracis biomarker

The abnormal concentration of anthrax spore biomarker 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,6-DPA) will seriously affect public health. Therefore, a sensitive and rapid assay for 2,6-DPA monitoring is of vital importance. In this work, novel nano-sized amorphous Eu-NH2BDC (amEu-NH2BDC) and amorphous Tb-NH2BDC (amTb-NH2BDC) metal organic frameworks are prepared by adjusting the ratio of metal and ligand, respectively. Both of them exhibit highly sensitive and selective ratiometric fluorescence detection for 2,6-DPA with wider linear range and lower detection limit in aqueous solutions and human serum. Attributed to the coordination effect of 2,6-DPA in triggering the characteristic fluorescence emissions of Eu3+or Tb3+ by replacing coordinated solvent molecules, as evidenced by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, the fluorescence lifetimes analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT) simulations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, the amEu-NH2BDC or amTb-NH2BDC loaded paper-based microsensors are constructed for real-time and sensitive detection of 2,6-DPA and coupled with a smartphone-assisted visual portable device.

Enhancing artistic analysis through deep learning: a graphic art element recognition model based on SSD and FPT

For the analysis of art works, accurate identification of various elements of works through deep learning methods is helpful for artists to appreciate and learn works. In this study, we leverage deep learning methodologies to precisely identify the diverse elements within graphic art designs, aiding artists in their appreciation and learning process. Our approach involves integrating the attention mechanism into an enhanced Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) model to refine the recognition of artistic design elements. Additionally, we improve the feature fusion structure of the SSD model by incorporating long-range attention mechanism information, thus enhancing target detection accuracy. Moreover, we refine the Feature Pyramid Transformer (FPT) attention mechanism model to ensure the output feature map aligns effectively with the requirements of object detection. Our empirical findings demonstrate that our refined approach outperforms the original SSD algorithm across all four evaluation metrics, exhibiting improvements of 1.52%, 1.89%, 3.09%, and 2.57%, respectively. Qualitative tests further illustrate the accuracy, robustness, and universality of our proposed method, particularly in scenarios characterized by dense artistic elements and challenging-to-distinguish categories within art compositions.

Trends and hotspots of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis: A bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to investigate and visualize the hotspots of acupuncture for Allergic rhinitis (AR) over the past two decades and pinpoint future trends in this field.

METHOD

We conducted a systematic search of English-language articles or reviews on acupuncture for AR in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2002 to 2022. Using Citespace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix, we analyzed and visualized the publications, countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords from various angles.

RESULT

The study identified 197 documents, 80 journals, 458 keywords, and 928 authors associated with acupuncture for AR. Although article publication fluctuated over the past 20 years, an overall upward trend emerged, with rapid growth during the second decade. China contributed the most to acupuncture research on AR and had the closest collaborations with the United States and Germany. China Medical University was the most prolific institution, and Benno Brinkhaus was the most productive and influential author. The most published journal was Medicine, while the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology was the most frequently cited journal. The highest frequency keywords included acupuncture, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. Randomized controlled trials and alternative & complementary medicine remained significant research hotspots, while rhinoconjunctivitis is expected to be the emerging focus of future investigations.

CONCLUSION

acupuncture has experienced robust development for the treatment of allergic rhinitis over the last two decades, with rhinoconjunctivitis and clinical research being the anticipated trends and frontiers of future research.

Autoimmune diseases and gut microbiota: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 2004 to 2022

Many studies have shown that gut microbiota is closely related to autoimmune diseases (ADs). Studies on gut microbiota and ADs have also increased significantly, but no bibliometric analysis has summarized the association between gut microbiota and ADs. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric and visual analysis of published studies on gut microbiota and ADs. Based on the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-expanded database, we utilize Excel 2019 and visualization analysis tools VOSviewer and co-occurrence13.2 (COOC13.2) for analysis. A total of 2516 related kinds of literature were included, and the number of papers presented an overall increasing trend. The country/region with the most publications is the USA, the institution is the Harvard Medical School, and the author is Mikael Knip from the USA. Hot research areas include intestinal regulation (such as dysbiosis, short chain fatty acids, and probiotics), multisystem ADs (such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease), and immune-related cells (such as T cells, and dendritic cells). Psoriasis, dysbiosis, autoimmune liver disease, and fecal microbiota transplantation may be the future research direction. Our research results can help researchers grasp the current status of ADs and gut microbiota research and find new research directions in the future.

Knowledge map and hotspot analysis in climate resilience infrastructure (CRI) from 1997 to 2022 through scientometric analysis

The global consensus is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and actively respond to climate change (CC). Global warming has irreversibly altered the Earth's ecosystems. Unpredictable extreme weather events caused by CC are posing new risks to urban infrastructure. Infrastructure is one of the primary guarantees to maintain the stable operation of the city. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the climate resilience of infrastructure to avoid the loss of life and property caused by climate risks. This paper uses CiteSpace to analyze data in the field of climate resilience infrastructure (CRI) over the past 25 years. We find that global CRI research has transitioned through three stages. According to the geographic spatial distribution map drawn by ArcGIS, it can be found that developed countries account for a relatively large number of documents. The research institution is dominated by institutions of higher learning, with limited cooperation between institutions and loose organizational collaboration. CRI is composed of multi-disciplinary collaborative development, from a single discipline of environmental ecology or water resources to a research field integrating engineering, meteorology, sustainability, and energy. Urban resilience and Nature-based solutions are research hotspots. Small Island Developing States are major objects in the future. The research emphasis has shifted from addressing the multiple problems caused by CC to increasing the climate resilience of infrastructure to enhance the resistance of urban systems. Renewable energy and climate models are applied to infrastructure construction. In general, CRI is a effective measure that can help reduce environmental pollution, carbon emissions, and global climate regulation. In addition, we suggest taking cities as pilot projects in the future, increasing CRI projects and providing policy guidance for urban planning and construction.

Amino-functionalized Al-MOF modulated TpTt-COF with dual-emission for fluorescent and optosmart detecting tetracycline in food samples

Tetracycline residues in animal-derived food pose serious harm to human health, making it demanded to develop simple and sensitive method for detecting tetracycline. Herein, a dual-emission synchronous response fluorescence probe is reported based on amino-functionalized Al-MOF modulated TpTt-COF (donate as NMT). NMT exhibits excellent dual-emission at 455 and 575 nm under single excitation. Tetracycline is sensitively detected through quenching the dual-emission of NMT. NMT specifically recognizes tetracycline through intermolecular hydrogen bonding between -OH/-NH₂ of tetracycline and deprotonated O^-/-NH-/CN of NMT. A calibration curve is built between the fluorescence ratio and the tetracycline concentration with a detection limit of 0.014 μmol/L. NMT is employed to detect tetracycline in milk, pork and chicken, and displays satisfactory recoveries of 94.39-105.67%, respectively. The optosmart sensor based on NMT and smartphone has been constructed for visually detecting tetracycline. This method provides routes to construct MOF-COF fluorescence probes and has good prospects in food analysis.

A novel Zn/Eu-MOF for the highly sensitive, reversible and visualized sensing of ofloxacin residues in pork, beef and fish

The study investigates a bimetallic organic framework (Zn/Eu-MOF) based fluorescent probe for visual detection of ofloxacin (OFL) in pork, beef and fish. The developed sensing probe recognizes OFL through internal filtration and cation-π interaction between OFL and Zn/Eu-MOF, resulting in a distinct color change from orange-red to light green. The content of OFL can be determined through RGB analysis by a mobile-phone. The developed sensing probe offers several advantages such as broad linear range (0.1 ∼ 80 μM), rapid response time (30 s), low detection line (0.44 μM). The effectiveness of the sensing probe can last for five rounds with good recovery. Moreover, the application of the sensing probe on pork, beef and fish samples are reliable, with recoveries ranging from 93.4 to 112.1%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) within 1.17% to 2.06%. These results suggest that the developed sensing probe could have significant potential for practical on-site test in food.

The impact of COVID-19 on online medical education: a knowledge graph analysis based on co-term analysis

BACKGROUND

This study aims to identify the characteristics and future directions of online medical education in the context of the novel coronavirus outbreak new through visual analytics using CiteSpace and VOSviewer bibliometric methods.

METHOD

From Web of Science, we searched for articles published between 2020 and 2022 using the terms online education, medical education and COVID-19, ended up with 2555 eligible papers, and the articles published between 2010 and 2019 using the terms online education, medical education and COVID-19, and we ended up with 4313 eligible papers.

RESULTS

Before the COVID-19 outbreak, Medical students and care were the most frequent keywords and the most cited author was BRENT THOMA with 18 times. The United States is the country with the greatest involvement and research impact in the field of online medical education. The most cited journal is ACAD MED with 1326 citations. After the COVID-19 outbreak, a surge in the number of research results in related fields, and ANXIETY and four secondary keywords were identified. In addition, the concentration of authors of these publications in the USA and China is a strong indication that local epidemics and communication technologies have influenced the development of online medical education research. Regarding the centrality of research institutions, the most influential co-author network is Harvard Medical School in the United States; and regarding the centrality of references, the most representative journal to which it belongs is VACCINE.

CONCLUSION

This study found that hey information such as keywords, major institutions and authors, and countries differ in the papers before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. The novel coronavirus outbreak had a significant impact on the online education aspect. For non-medical and medical students, the pandemic has led to home isolation, making it difficult to offer face-to-face classes such as laboratory operations. Students have lost urgency and control over the specifics of face-to-face instruction, which has reduced the quality of teaching. Therefore, we should improve our education model according to the actual situation to ensure the quality of teaching while taking into account the physical and psychological health of students.

Plastic pollution induced by the COVID-19: Environmental challenges and outlook

The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused an environmental challenge, especially plastic pollution. This study is aimed to provide a systematic review of the current status and outlook of research on plastic pollution caused by the COVID-19 pandemic using a bibliometrics approach. The results indicate developed countries were the first to pay attention to the impact of plastics on the ocean and ecological environment during COVID-19 and conducted related research, and then developing countries followed up and started research. Research in developed countries is absolutely dominant in plastic pollution induced by the COVID-19, although the plastic pollution faced by developing countries is also very serious. The author's co-occurrence analysis shows the Matthew effect. Keyword clustering shows that plastics have a harsh chain-like impact on the ecological environment from land to ocean to atmosphere. The non-degradable components of plastic bring a serious impact the ocean ecosystems, and then pose a serious threat to the entire ecosystem environment.

Perceptual and quantitative analysis of discoloration of orthodontic elastomeric chains by food

BACKGROUND

The objectives of this study were to use a digital camera to measure the discoloration of orthodontic elastomeric chains in various immersion solutions over different time periods and to determine the valid acceptability tolerances for color changes in orthodontic elastomeric chains by surveying digital photographs.

METHODS

Orthodontic elastomeric chains were applied to the maxillary anterior teeth of nine typodont models. The models were divided into three groups and immersed in the curry, coffee, and wine solutions. The digital images of the elastomeric modules were captured and processed using commercial software after 30 min of immersion, thrice a day, for 28 days. The differences in color changes ([Formula: see text]), depending on the type of immersion solution and period, were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. A web-based survey questionnaire was randomly distributed to 50 respondents for a visual analysis of the elastomeric chain discoloration. The relationship between the surveying score and [Formula: see text] value was analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. The perceptibility and acceptability of elastomeric chain discoloration ([Formula: see text]) based on the type of immersion solutions and periods were analyzed using a regression model.

RESULTS

Significant differences were observed in the discoloration of the elastomeric power chain depending on the immersion solution and period. The amount of discoloration was highest in curry, followed by coffee and wine (P < 0.05). The mean discoloration ([Formula: see text]) continued to increase over the entire immersion period. There was a significant correlation between visual scoring and discoloration ([Formula: see text]) over the entire period, especially in the early stages compared to the later stages (r = 0.918, P < 0.05). In 50% of the respondents, the predicted clinically unacceptable discoloration was between 4.46 and 9.98 and in 90% of the respondents, it was between 16.52 and 19.85.

CONCLUSIONS

The amount of discoloration was the highest for curry, followed by coffee and wine, and continued to gradually increase during the observation period. Significant differences were found between the color measurements obtained and the visual assessment by observers. The observers varied in their tolerance for perceptibility and acceptability for elastomeric chain discoloration based on the type of dietary media.

Bibliometrics of the nexus between food security and carbon emissions: hotspots and trends

With the growth of global food demand, agricultural carbon emissions caused by agricultural production have become a major challenge in controlling global warming. However, a systematic and visual literature review of food security and carbon emissions (FSCE) is still lacking, and there is a lack of exploration on the balanced path between ensuring food security and realizing carbon emission reduction. Based on 872 articles related to FSCE in the Web of Science (WOS) core database, this paper used CiteSpace and VOSviewer bibliometric software to analyze the relevant research focus and trends. This study found that developed countries dominated the research in this field, and the quantity, quality, and intensity of their authors, institutions, and cooperation among countries are higher than those of developing countries. Although the intensity of interdisciplinary cooperation has increased, it remains at a low level. Since 2007, the number of papers published in this field has increased significantly, and the research perspectives have diversified. Moreover, the research theme continues to expand with the core of "food security," involving the impact of climate change, crop production and food security, soil carbon sequestration, and farmers' livelihood sustainability. In addition, food production, food transportation, and food loss reduction are key paths that need to be balanced to ensure global food security and realize carbon emission reduction, and how to promote "economic growth" under the constraints of FSCE will be a future research hotspot.

Bibliometric analysis of traditional Chinese medicine research on heart failure in the 21st century based on the WOS database

Introduction

Heart Failure (HF) is a key area of research in human medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important branch of this field. This study aimed to use bibliometric methods to sort out the trajectory of TCM research on HF in this century (2000-2022) from a high dimension and to analyze its characteristics, hotspots and frontiers.

Methods

In this study, the search formula "TS=(("traditional Chinese medicine") OR ("Chinese medicine")) AND TS=("heart failure")" was used to find relevant studies included in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2022. Targeted literature records were analyzed and mapped using CiteSpace and VOSviewer.

Results

The authors and collaborators of this study were still in the formation process, but several well-known scholars were included: YONG WANG, WEI WANG, etc. The main research institutions in this research area were Beijing Univ Chinese Med, China Acad Chinese Med Sc, etc. The main country of study was China. Current research hotspots and frontiers were Qili Qiangxin capsules, extracts (Tanshinone ⅡA, Panax ginseng, etc.), cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular remodeling, oxidative stress, signaling pathways, network pharmacology, etc. Influential journals that publish papers in this field were the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Scientific Reports, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, etc. The top 3 co-cited journals were Circulation, J ethnopharmacol, and J am coll cardiol.

Conclusions

We analyzed valuable details in TCM research on HF in the 21st century, which may help researchers identify potential collaborators and partner institutions, hotspots, and frontiers in the field.

[Current trends of dust exposure and autoimmune diseases: a bibliometric and visual analysis]

Objective: To analyze the distribution and key words of the literature about dust exposure related autoimmune diseases published in Chinese and foreign languages. Methods: In May 2021, Publications were retrieved from the PubMed、the Web of Science Core Collection database, SinoMed and CNKI Note Express and VOS viewer were used to evaluate and visualize the results. Results: 89 literatures were retrieved in Chinese from 1974 to 2020, and 545 literatures were retrieved in foreign languages from 1954 to 2020. The country with the most published literatures in foreign languages was the United States, total 132 litaratures were retrieved (24.86%) . A total of 366 journals at home and abroad have published research results on dust exposure and autoimmune diseases. Keyword analysis prompts this area of research focuses on silica exposure, silicosis, asbestosis, antinuclear antibodies, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Conclusion: The research on dust exposure and autoimmune diseases is on the rise at home and abroad, and the focus is the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and mechanism of occupational exposure, dust, silicosis and so on.

Current status of neuroimaging research on the effects of acupuncture: a bibliometric and visual analyses

OBJECTIVE

To conduct an inductive analysis of neuroimaging studies following the global popularity surrounding the effects of acupuncture.

METHODS

The relevant works of literature on acupuncture effects-related neuroimaging studies were retrieved from the web of science core collection database from the date of its establishment to 2022. Bibexcel software was used to extract information, such as article numbers, countries, journals, agencies, funding sources and keywords. The VOSviewer software's co-occurrence and clustering module was used for the co-occurrence and cluster analysis of collaborative networks and high frequency keywords, such as authors, institutions and countries.

RESULTS

Neuroimaging research on the effects of acupuncture began in the 1960 s and has since received the extensive attention of scholars. China, The United States and South Korea conduct more neuroimaging research on the effects of acupuncture than other countries. Academic journals such as Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Neural Regeneration Research and Acupuncture in Medicine have published the highest number of acupuncture-related neuroimaging articles. Moreover, cluster analysis differentiates high-frequency keywords into six clusters. Furthermore, the use of the keyword 'density atlas' reveals that neuroimaging research on the effects of acupuncture surrounding pain and neurofunctional rehabilitation is currently the research focus.

CONCLUSIONS

This bibliometric study identifies six important research hot spots: Static brain functional connectivity analysis of acupuncture analgesic effects, key theories on the scientific problems of acupuncture, acupuncture analgesic effect of the placebo effect, the neuroimaging of acupoint ST-36, the value of acupuncture in regulating the autonomic nerves and acupuncture therapy as complementary medicine.

[Bibliometric and hot spot visualization analysis of pneumoconiosis and smoking]

Objective: To analyze the distribution and keywords of Chinese and English literature on pneumoconiosis and smoking, and to explore its characteristics and evolutionary laws. Methods: In November 2020, using PubMed, Web of Science, SinoMed, and CNKI as search databases, literature search was performed using Chinese and English search terms related to pneumoconiosis and smoking. The document management software Note Express 3.5.0 and the bibliometric analysis software VOS viewer 1.6.10 were used to analyze the publication year, number of publications, countries, research institutions and keywords. Results: In the English literature, there were 938 articles about pneumoconiosis and smoking related research, and the literature was first published in 1962. Among them, the United States published the largest number of articles (450 articles), and China published 29 articles, ranking fourth. There were a total of 601 research articles on pneumoconiosis and smoking in Chinese literature. The literature was first published in 1976. The institution that published the most articles was China Medical University (23 articles), followed by Lanzhou University (15 articles). Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that domestic and foreign literatures were the main research hotspots on occupational exposure, carcinogenicity, risk factors, lung function, and DNA damage of pneumoconiosis and smoking. Conclusion: The research on pneumoconiosis and smoking focuses on carcinogenicity, risk factors, lung function, DNA damage mechanism, etc., providing research hotspots for the prevention and clinical treatment of related diseases.

Global trends and frontiers in research on coronary microvascular dysfunction: a bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022

BACKGROUND

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a leading cause of ischemic heart disease. Over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made with respect to research on CMD. The present study summarized the current research hotspots and trends on CMD by applying a bibliometric approach.

METHODS

Relevant publications between 2002 and 2022 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection. Visualization network maps of countries, institutions, authors, and co-cited authors were built using VOSviewer. CiteSpace was used for keyword analysis and the construction of a dual-map overlay of journals and a timeline view of co-cited references.

RESULTS

1539 CMD-related publications were extracted for bibliometric analysis. The annual publications generally showed an upward trend. The United States of America was the most prolific country, with 515 publications (33.5%). Camici P. G. was the most influential author, whereas the European Heart Journal, Circulation, and Journal of the American College of Cardiology were the most authoritative journals. Research hotspot analysis revealed that endothelial dysfunction as well as reduced nitric oxide production or bioavailability played critical roles in CMD development. Positron emission tomography was the most widely used imaging method for diagnosis. In addition, microvascular angina, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and heart failure have attracted much attention as the main clinical implications. Furthermore, international standards for CMD diagnosis and management may be the future research directions.

CONCLUSIONS

This study offers a comprehensive view about the hotspots and development trends of CMD, which can assist subsequent researchers and guide future directions.

A visual knowledge map analysis of mine fire research based on CiteSpace

Mine fire has always been a serious disaster in coal industry; many academic achievements have poured out in the past two decades for solving this problem. In this study, visual analysis was conducted to grasp the hotspots and development trend of mine fire research. Papers that published in 1999-2020 were retrieved as the data basis from Web of Science, and CiteSpace was used to carry out knowledge map analysis. The results shown that number of papers has increased steadily since 2005 and achieved explosive growth since 2014. Deng J is the first published author among many scholars. China, the USA, and Australia are active areas in mine fire research and China University of Mining and Technology ranks first in this field. The highest co-occurrence frequency keyword is "spontaneous combustion." International Journal of Coal Geology and Fuel provide guidance for mine fire research. Fire prevention technology, low carbon, ecology, and sustainable development are the hot research in recent years. The prevention and control of mine fire from combustion mechanism should be further strengthened.

A smartphone-integrated light-up lanthanide fluorescent probe for the visual and ratiometric detection of total phosphorus in human urine and environmental water samples

Phosphate (Pi) plays an essential role in aquatic ecosystems as well as in physiological processes. Here, a dual-emission probe for the sensitive, specific and visual analysis of Pi is fabricated by coordinating Eu³⁺ with luminol and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA). Pi can significantly enhance the characteristic fluorescence of Eu³⁺ at 615 nm by promoting energy transfer from DPA to Eu³⁺ and reducing the quenching effect of water molecule, luminol with inherent emission at 423 nm further enhances the Eu³⁺ fluorescence. Accordingly, ratiometric detection of Pi can be achieved with the fluorescence ratio F₆₁₅/F₄₂₃ as a function of Pi concentration. Linearity between F₆₁₅/F₄₂₃ and Pi concentration in the range of 0.1-25 μM is shown, and the limit of detection (LOD, 3σ/K) for Pi is 0.027 µM. In addition, a continuous change in the fluorescence color of the probe from blue to red is observed with increasing Pi concentration under a UV lamp, and a smartphone-based visual method is used for the convenient and effective semi-quantitative determination of Pi. The dual-emission probe has been successfully applied to ratiometric and visual analysis of Pi in human urine and environmental water samples, and adequate results are obtained.

Does marine environmental research meet the challenges of marine pollution induced by the COVID-19 pandemic? Comparison analysis before and during the pandemic based on bibliometrics

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought enormous challenges to the global marine environment. Various responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have led to increased marine pollution. Has the COVID-19 pandemic affected marine pollution research? This work comprehensively reviewed marine pollution publications in the Web of Science database before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that the COVID-19 outbreak has influenced the marine pollution research by: (i) increasing the number of publications; (ii) reshaping different countries' roles in marine pollution research; (iii) altering the hotspots of marine pollution research. The ranking of countries with high productivity in the marine pollution research field changed, and developed economies are the dominant players both before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in this field. Other high-productivity countries, with the exception of China, have higher international cooperation rates in marine pollution research than those before the pandemic. Microplastic pollution has been the biggest challenge of marine pollution and has been aexplored in greater depth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the mining results of marine pollution publications show the mitigation of plastic pollution in the marine environment remains the main content requires future research. Finally, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for the reference of researchers and practitioners to improve the global ability to respond to the challenges posed by the pandemic to the marine environment.

Hydrogen sulfide gas sensing toward on-site monitoring of chilled meat spoilage based on ratio-type fluorescent probe

In this study, a fluorescence sensing platform for visual detection of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) based on ratiometric fluorescent substances was developed to real-time monitor meat spoilage. The copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (CNQDs) were used as dual emission fluorescence materials. The fluorescence ratio of the two wavelengths decreased in the sulphide concentration range of 0-3 μmolL(exp)^-1, with a detection limit of 62.7 nmolL(exp)^-1. In order to capture hydrogen sulfide gas in the air, the ratio fluorescent material is loaded on the paper base. By processing the RGB value of the photo under UV light, the detection limit of the sensor is 4.35 ppt in the range of 0 ∼ 45.2 ppt H₂S gas concentration. This portable visual analysis greatly simplifies the steps of H₂S gas detection while ensuring sensor stability and sensitivity. It also provides a new method for H₂S detection during the meat storage process.

Visualization and mapping of literature on the scientific analysis of wall paintings: a bibliometric analysis from 2011 to 2021

As non-renewable cultural heritage, wall paintings play an important role in society. To reveal the trends in the scientific analysis of mural paintings, 845 relevant research articles published from 2011 to 2021 were collected from the Web of Science database and analyzed. The VOSviewer software was adopted to map the network data of scientific publications, so that relationships among authors, countries, institutions can be displayed, and the co-occurrence of keywords and co-citation can be analyzed. The results revealed close and strong interconnections between the top authors, suggesting a considerable strong research link in this field. The cooperation between research institutions was relatively close. The most productive country of relevant publications was Italy. The leading journals for the scientific analysis of wall paintings were Journal of Raman Spectroscopy and Journal of Cultural Heritage. At present, the hotspots of scientific analysis and research on wall painting are revealing the composition, distribution, origin, and deterioration mechanism of pigments, alongside with evaluating the effects and mechanism of conservation materials and techniques. On the one hand, a possible development direction in this field is introducing more cutting-edge analysis and data processing methods. On the other hand, scientific analysis is increasingly adopted to guide the research and development of mural conservation materials.

A two-step strategy for simultaneous dual-mode detection of methyl-paraoxon and Ni (Ⅱ)

Exogenous pollution of Chinese medicinal materials by pesticide residues and heavy metal ions has attracted great attention. Relying on the rapid development of nanotechnology and multidisciplinary fields, fluorescent techniques have been widely applied in contaminant detection and pollution monitoring due to their advantages of simple preparation, low cost, high throughput and others. Most importantly, synchronous detection of multi-targets has always been pursued as one of the major goals in the design of fluorescent probes. Herein, we firstly develop a simultaneous sensing method for methyl-paraoxon (MP) and Nickel ion (Ni, Ⅱ) by using carbon based fluorescent nanocomposite with ratiometric signal readout and nanozyme. Notably, the designed system showed excellent effectiveness even when the two pollutants co-exist. Under the optimum conditions, this method provides low limits of detection of 1.25 µM for methyl-paraoxon and 0.01 µM for Ni (Ⅱ). To further verify the reliability, recovery studies of these two analytes were performed on ginseng radix et rhizoma, nelumbinis semen, and water samples. In addition, smartphone-based visual analysis has been introduced to expand its applicability in point of care detection. This work not only expands the application of the dual-mode approach to pollutant detection, but also provides insights into the analysis of multiple pollutants in a single assay.

A novel ratiometric fluorescence sensor based on lanthanide-functionalized MOF for Hg2+ detection

Post-synthesis modification is an effective strategy for the preparation of rare earth organic framework materials and the derivation of high-performance functional materials. Here, we report the preparation of a dual emission Ln-MOF material (Eu-Ca-MOF) using Ca-MOF as the parent framework and introducing Eu³⁺ ions into its channels through post-synthesis modification. Eu-Ca-MOF has good photoluminescence properties and can be used as a ratiometric fluorescence sensor (I₃₈₁/I₅₉₀) to detect Hg²⁺ ions in water sensitively. The characteristic of Eu-Ca-MOF obtained is that when the material is dispersed in an aqueous solution containing Hg²⁺ ions, the characteristic emission of the ligand at 381 nm is enhanced, while the characteristic emission of Eu³⁺ at 590 nm is quenched. The peak-to-height ratio of the two emissions can be used to achieve highly sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ ions even in the presence of other potentially competing analytes. In addition, Hg²⁺ induces Eu-Ca-MOF to produce a significant ratiometric luminescence response, which changes its luminescence color from red to blue, which is beneficial to visual analysis of naked eyes. At the same time, Eu-Ca-MOF has a wider detection range (0.02-200 μM), and a lower limit detection (2.6 nM) for Hg²⁺ ions. The lanthanide compounds prepared by post-synthetic modification provide an effective synthesis strategy for photoluminescent materials.

Research progress of heavy metals in desert-visual analysis based on CiteSpace

In this paper, Web of Science (a database) is used to retrieve related literature in the field of heavy metal pollution in desert. CiteSpace is used to make a quantitative and qualitative evaluation on the literature in the field on the basis of a brief analysis on the research status, research focus, and evolution process in the field. Through CiteSpace visual analysis, a comparative analysis is given on related literature in terms of annual number of published papers, author groups, and their countries and regions, journals, publishing institutions, highly cited papers, research focuses, and burst terms, so as to explore the research status and future development trend of the field on a global scale. The results are shown as follows: (1) The literature in the field was originally published in 2000; the number of published papers increased steadily. The literature was mostly published on high-quality journals, the USA topped in terms of the number of published papers, and the research results achieved by developed countries had a greater influence. Chinese Acad Sci topped with the highest centrality and most published papers, which have made outstanding contributions to the field and occupy a leading position in the field. However, the fact is that there lacks communication and cooperation among research institutions. The most influential journal is Science of the Total Environment. (2) The hot research words in the field are as follows: heavy metal, soil, pollution, lead, desert, cadmium, and microelement. (3) In the field, burst terms have transformed from atmospheric deposition, biomonitoring, and phytoremediation to trace element, stream sediment, street dust, and water quality, and finally transformed to river and sediment. New words keep emerging in the research, and more and more attention is paid to the issue of heavy metal pollution in river sediment, which will be a future research hotspot in the field.

Knowledge domain and research progress in green consumption: a phase upgrade study

Green consumption (GC), as one of the important initiatives to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, has attracted widespread attention from scholars in environmental and economic fields. This article reviews the literature on GC, asking two main questions: how can GC research be analyzed from macro, meso, and micro perspectives? How have the research topics in the field of GC evolved in international and Chinese academia? This study makes a visual analysis of knowledge domain based on the literature of Web of Science Core Collection and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, so as to reveal hot topics, stage division, and research trend of GC research. The results revealed the following: GC research is in a period of rapid growth, and it is mainly distributed in developed countries dominated by the USA and in developing countries dominated by China. There is a trend of interdisciplinary research on GC, such as ecology, psychology, health, systematics, politics, and economics, which indicates that GC research has become increasingly inseparable from human survival and health, psychological acceptance, and social development. For the international academia, GC research pays more attention to the transformation of consumer psychology, while the Chinese academia is more concerned with the regulation of consumer behavior and the activation of green emotions. Considering the focus and characteristics of GC supervision, this study proposes GC 3.0 with a consumer-oriented and emphasizing green emotions and proposes future application scenarios from four aspects: government supervision, social self-regulation, enterprise demonstration, and personal self-monitoring.

The COVID-19 pandemic reshapes the plastic pollution research - A comparative analysis of plastic pollution research before and during the pandemic

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated plastic pollution worldwide. So has the COVID-19 pandemic changed the research on plastic pollution? This work aims to explore the impact of the pandemic on plastic pollution research by comprehensively assessing the current status and prospects of plastic pollution research before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A collection of publications on the topic of plastic pollution in the Web of Science database concludes that the COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped the plastic pollution research: (i) The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the trend of plastic pollution publication output. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of publications on the topic of plastic pollution has shown a significant increase trend; (ii) The COVID-19 pandemic has reversed the global research landscape of research on the plastic pollution. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, more and more countries have begun to pay attention to plastic pollution. Before the pandemic, developed countries were global leaders in plastic pollution research. However, during the pandemic, developing countries began to have a significant share in the quality, quantity and international cooperation of publications; (iii) The COVID-19 pandemic has redefined the major hotspots of plastic pollution research. The focus of research has changed significantly since the pandemic. Solving plastic pollution has become a major research content. During the epidemic, in-depth research on microplastics was conducted. The results of mining the publications on plastic pollution show that there is currently no effective solution to plastic pollution caused by the COVID-19. However, given the seriousness of controlling plastic pollution, it is very necessary to continue to carry out more research.

Periodicity in ultrasonic atomization involving beads-fountain oscillations and mist generation: Effects of driving frequency

Ultrasonic atomization induced by high driving frequency, generally on the order of 1 MHz or higher, could involve a liquid fountain in the form of a corrugated jet, or a chain of "beads" of submillimeter diameter in contact. This study concerns dynamics/instability of such beads fountain, observed under lower input power density (≤ 6 W/cm²) of the "flat" ultrasound transducer with a "regulating" nozzle equipped, exhibiting time-varying characteristics with certain periodicity. High-speed, high-resolution images are processed for quantitative elucidation: frequency analysis (fast Fourier transform) and time-frequency analysis (discrete wavelet transform) are employed, respectively, to evaluate dominant frequencies of beads-surface oscillations and to reveal factor(s) triggering mist emergence. The resulting time variation in the measured (or apparent) fountain structure, associated with the recurring-beads size scalable to the ultrasound wavelength, subsumes periodic nature predictable from simple physical modeling as well as principle. It is further found that such dynamics in (time-series data for) the fountain structure at given height(s) along a series of beads would signal "bursting" of liquid droplets emanating out of a highly deformed bead often followed by a cloud of tiny droplets, or mist. In particular, the bursting appears to be not a completely random phenomenon but should concur with the fountain periodicity with a limited extent of probability.

Knowledge graph analysis and visualization of AI technology applied in COVID-19

With the global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) all over the world, artificial intelligence (AI) technology is widely used in COVID-19 and has become a hot topic. In recent 2 years, the application of AI technology in COVID-19 has developed rapidly, and more than 100 relevant papers are published every month. In this paper, we combined with the bibliometric and visual knowledge map analysis, used the WOS database as the sample data source, and applied VOSviewer and CiteSpace analysis tools to carry out multi-dimensional statistical analysis and visual analysis about 1903 pieces of literature of recent 2 years (by the end of July this year). The data is analyzed by several terms with the main annual article and citation count, major publication sources, institutions and countries, their contribution and collaboration, etc. Since last year, the research on the COVID-19 has sharply increased; especially the corresponding research fields combined with the AI technology are expanding, such as medicine, management, economics, and informatics. The China and USA are the most prolific countries in AI applied in COVID-19, which have made a significant contribution to AI applied in COVID-19, as the high-level international collaboration of countries and institutions is increasing and more impactful. Moreover, we widely studied the issues: detection, surveillance, risk prediction, therapeutic research, virus modeling, and analysis of COVID-19. Finally, we put forward perspective challenges and limits to the application of AI in the COVID-19 for researchers and practitioners to facilitate future research on AI applied in COVID-19.

Using GraphPad Prism's Heat Maps for Efficient, Fine-Grained Analyses of Single-Case Data

Behavior analysts sometimes consider various forms of data analysis when making clinical decisions and when attempting to illuminate interesting relations in existing datasets. For example, an ongoing plot of when problem behavior occurs across days and times can yield useful information regarding the function(s) of problem behavior. In a post-hoc analysis, a plot of within-session error patterns can reveal which variables may be contributing to faulty stimulus control. Such analyses can be burdensome to conduct manually (e.g., changing the color of individual data points based on error type), and more efficient methods (e.g., using conditional formatting in Microsoft Excel data tables) might not be conducive for producing publication-quality figures. In the present article, we provide an overview of how behavior analysts can use GraphPad Prism's heat-map feature to efficiently populate fine-grained graphs of behavior with data points that are coded automatically (e.g., with categorical colors or gradients). Implications for clinical utility and research production are discussed.

[Current trends in research on occupational benzene poisoning: a bibliometric and visual analysis]

Objective: To analyze the research trends of benzene poisoning in recent years, to highlight the relevant research hotspots and prospects through bibliometrics. Methods: In August 2020, used "benzene" methylbenzere as key words, publications were retrieved from the PubMed, the Web of Science Core Collection database, SinoMed and CNKI before August 31, 2020. Describing the publication time, the number of the published research, publication countries, research institutions and journals. VOSviewer 1.6.10 were used to evaluate and co-occurrence analyze the keywords of the researches. Results: There were 510 English literatures about benzene poisoning. 43 countries had published relevant literatures. The United States had the largest number of articles (43.92%, 224/510) in this field, and China ranked second (11.57%, 59/510) . Relevant results had been published in 257 English journals. The most widely published journal was Environmental Health Perspectives (4.90%, 25/510) . There were 536 Chinese literatures. 368 research institutions had published relevant literatures. The first one was Shenzhen Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital (3.36%, 18/536) , followed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (3.17%, 17/536) . A total of 170 journals had published relevant research results. The most frequently published journal is Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases (12.13%, 65/536) . Key words co-occurrence analysis indicated that the domestic and foreign literatures paid more attention to occupational exposure, blood toxicity, myelosuppression, genetic polymorphism and so on. Conclusion: Domestic and foreign researches on benzene poisoning are mostly in China and the United States. In recent years, the research has gradually focused on the related mechanism of benzene poisoning, such as blood toxicity, carcinogenicity, genotoxicity and immunotoxicity.

Process mining framework with time perspective for understanding acute care: a case study of AIS in hospitals

Background

Acute care for critical illness requires very strict treatment timeliness. However, healthcare providers usually cannot accurately figure out the causes of low efficiency in acute care process due to the lack of effective tools. Besides, it is difficult to compare or conformance processes from different patient groups.

Methods

To solve these problems, we proposed a novel process mining framework with time perspective, which integrates four steps: standard activity construction, data extraction and filtering, iterative model discovery, and performance analysis.

Results

It can visualize the execution of actual clinical activities hierarchically, evaluate the timeliness and identify bottlenecks in the treatment process. We take the acute ischemic stroke as a case study, and retrospectively reviewed 420 patients’ data from a large hospital. Then we discovered process models with timelines, and identified the main reasons for in-hospital delay.

Conclusions

Experiment results demonstrate that the framework proposed could be a new way of drawing insights about hospitals’ clinical process, to help clinical institutions increase work efficiency and improve medical service.

Prediction of placenta accreta spectrum using texture analysis on coronal and sagittal T2-weighted imaging

PURPOSE

To separately perform visual and texture analyses of the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes of T2-weighted images and identify the optimal method for differentiating between the normal placenta and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

METHODS

Eighty consecutive patients (normal group, n = 50; PAS group, n = 30) underwent preoperative MRI. A scoring system (0-2) was used to evaluate the degree of abnormality observed in visual analysis (bulging, abnormal vascularity, T2 dark band, placental heterogeneity). The axial, coronal, and sagittal planes were manually segmented separately to obtain texture features, and seven combinations were obtained: axial; coronal; sagittal; axial and coronal; axial and sagittal; coronal and sagittal; and axial, coronal, and sagittal. Feature selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and model construction using a support vector machine algorithm with k-fold cross-validation were performed. AUC was used to evaluate diagnostic performance.

RESULTS

The AUC of visual analysis was 0.75. The model 'coronal and sagittal' had the highest AUC (0.98) amongst the seven combinations. The fivefold cross-validation for the model 'coronal and sagittal' showed AUCs of 0.85 and 0.97 in training and validation sets, respectively. The AUC of the model 'coronal and sagittal' for all subjects was significantly higher than that of visual analysis (0.98 vs. 0.75; p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION

The model 'coronal and sagittal' can accurately differentiate between the normal placenta and PAS, with a significantly better diagnostic performance than visual analysis. Texture analysis is an optimal method for differentiating between the normal placenta and PAS.

Semiquantitative analysis of interim 18F-FDG PET is superior in predicting outcome in Hodgkin lymphoma patients compared to visual analysis

PURPOSE

To investigate the prognostic value of interim PET (PETi) in adult HL patients, comparing visual with semiquantitative analysis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Retrospective analysis of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients diagnosed between 2012 and 2016 in the Onco-hematology Department of Instituto Português de Oncologia - Porto (median follow-up: 46.5 months [2.6-66.4]). Fifty-eight patients with available PET at diagnosis (PET0) and PETi data were included. PETi scans were analyzed according to Deauville 5-point scale (5-PS), and cut-off values for changes in maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax], peak SUV [SUVpeak], metabolic tumour volume [MTV] and total lesion glycolysis index [TLG] between PETi and PET0 were computed using ROC analysis. Visual and semiquantitative data were compared with each other in the prediction of patient outcomes.

RESULTS

Semiquantitative analysis obtained a higher sensitivity for persistent/relapsed disease compared to the 5-PS (70% vs. 10%, respectively), but lower specificity. It also demonstrated better predictive performance for response to first-line therapy (negative predictive value >92%). The positive predictive value was similar for all five measurements. At 60 months of follow-up, there was a significant difference between the progression free survival (PFS) curves of patients with positive and negative PETi according to ΔSUVmax (56.9% vs. 88.0%, p<0.05), ΔSUVpeak (55.9% vs. 88.1%, p<0.05), ΔMTV (35.3% vs. 88.7%, p<0.05), and ΔTLG (42.4% vs. 88.1%, p<0.05). Statistical significance was not reached when considering 5-PS results.

DISCUSSION

PETi interpretation according to a semiquantitative approach appears to discriminate HL patients better than the visual 5-PS analysis. This could allow better detection of persistent or early relapsed disease, while a negative PETi result could support de-escalating therapy intensity.

Diagnostic methodology in labelled leukocyte scan for prosthetic / non-prosthetic osteoarticular infection: Visual or semi-quantitative analysis? One- or two-day protocol?

OBJECTIVE

As scarce literature on the topic is available, we aimed to compare diagnostic utility of semi-quantitative versus visual analysis in labelled white blood cell scintigraphy (WBCS) for osteoarticular infection. One-day and two-day protocols were assessed, particularly in orthopaedic devices.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Prospective study of 79 consecutive patients with suspected osteoarticular infection. In all patients, WBCS were performed at 30min, 4h, 8h and 24h. Images were analysed by grouping in two protocols: one-day-protocol (experts evaluated 30min, 4h and 8h planar images) and two-day-protocol (experts evaluated 30min, 4h and 24h planar images). Planar images were interpreted qualitative and semiquantitatively and also were compared grouping patients with and without orthopaedic devices. To find which cut-off value of the percentage variation could predict of osteoarticular infection, multiple cut-off values were calculated in both protocols from the Youden index. Three blinded readers analysed the images.

RESULTS

Comparing final diagnosis visual analysis of the one-day-protocol provided better results with sensitivity of 95.5%, specificity of 93% and diagnostic accuracy of 93.7% (P<.01) than the two-day-protocol with values of 86.4%, 94.7% and 92.4%, respectively (P<.01). For semi-quantitative analysis, the one-day-protocol also obtained better results with sensitivity of 72.7%, specificity of 78.9% and accuracy of 77.2% (P<.01) than two-day-protocol (no significant results; P=.14), especially in the group of patients with orthopaedic devices (sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 79.5% and accuracy of 82.7%; P<.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Most accurate approach in the diagnosis of osteoarticular infection corresponded to visual analysis in one-day-protocol that showed greater sensitivity and specificity than semi-quantitative analysis. Semi-quantitative analysis only could be useful when visual analysis is doubtful. In patients with joint prostheses, an increase in percentage variation above 9% obtained maximum sensitivity and negative predictive value.

[Visual analysis of research progress on emotional labor of medical staff in China]

Objective: To summarize the research progress of medical emotional labor in China, and provide data reference for medical workers in the field of emotional labor. Methods: In March 2020, we searched the research content of emotional labor of medical workers through CNKI system, and analyzed it by using CiteSpace software. We visualized the topic of emotional labor of medical workers by using the knowledge map formed by keyword co-occurrence and keyword clustering, as well as the emergent words and time zone map. The analysis contents include the basic information characteristics of the selected literature, research hotspots and topics, research trends and frontiers. Results: The first related literature was published in 2008, and 126 related literatures were retrieved. Research hotspots include 'emotional labor', 'nurse', 'work burnout', 'medical staff' and 'work satisfaction', etc. Topics can be divided into three categories: research objects, variables affecting factors and medical workplace. There are 24 emergent words. In 2008, 2011, 2013, and 2015, important turning points for research changes exist. Conclusion: In the future, researchers in China can try to broaden the scope of medical subjects and influencing factors, etc., and be closely linked to the results of existing studies.

Diagnostic methodology in labelled leukocyte scan for prosthetic / non-prosthetic osteoarticular infection: Visual or semi-quantitative analysis? One- or two-day protocol?

OBJECTIVE

as scarce literature on the topic is available, we aimed to compare diagnostic utility of semi-quantitative versus visual analysis in labelled white blood cell scintigraphy (WBCS) for osteoarticular infection. One-day and two-day protocols were assessed, particularly in orthopaedic devices.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

prospective study of 79 consecutive patients with suspected osteoarticular infection. In all patients, WBCS were performed at 30min, 4h, 8h and 24h. Images were analysed by grouping in two protocols: one-day-protocol (experts evaluated 30min, 4h and 8h planar images) and two-day-protocol (experts evaluated 30min, 4h and 24h planar images). Planar images were interpreted qualitative and semiquantitatively and also were compared grouping patients with and without orthopaedic devices. To find which cut-off value of the percentage variation could predict of osteoarticular infection, multiple cut-off values were calculated in both protocols from the Youden index. Three blinded readers analysed the images.

RESULTS

Comparing final diagnosis visual analysis of the one-day-protocol provided better results with sensitivity of 95.5%, specificity of 93% and diagnostic accuracy of 93.7% (p<001) than the two-day-protocol with values of 86.4%, 94.7% and 92.4%, respectively (p<001). For semi-quantitative analysis, the one-day-protocol also obtained better results with sensitivity of 72.7%, specificity of 78.9% and accuracy of 77.2% (p<001) than two-day-protocol (no significant results; p=0.14), especially in the group of patients with orthopaedic devices (sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 79.5% and accuracy of 82.7%; p<001).

CONCLUSIONS

most accurate approach in the diagnosis of osteoarticular infection corresponded to visual analysis in one-day-protocol that showed greater sensitivity and specificity than semi-quantitative analysis. Semi-quantitative analysis only could be useful when visual analysis is doubtful. In patients with joint prostheses, an increase in percentage variation above 9% obtained maximum sensitivity and negative predictive value.

COVID-19 spatiotemporal research with workflow-based data analysis

Given the pertinence and acceleration of the spread of COVID-19, there is an increased need for the replicability of data models to verify the veracity of models and visualize important data. Most of these visualizations lack reproducibility, credibility, or accuracy, and are static, which makes it difficult to analyze the spread over time. Furthermore, most current visualizations depicting the spread of COVID-19 are at a global or country level, meaning there is a dearth of regional analysis within a country. Keeping these issues in mind, a replicable, efficient, and simple method to generate regional COVID-19 visualizations mapped with time was created by using the KNIME software, an open-source data analytics platform that can create user-friendly applications or workflows. For this analysis, Albania, Sweden, Ukraine, Denmark, Russia, India, and Australia were closely observed. Among the maps generated for the aforementioned countries, it was noticed that regions with a high population or high population density were often the epicenters within their respective country. The regions caused the virus to spread to their neighboring regions: kickstarting the “domino effect”, leading to the infection of another region until the country is overwhelmed with cases—what we call a proximity trend. These dynamic maps are crucial to fighting the pandemic because they can provide insight as to how COVID-19 spreads by providing researchers or officials with an accurate and insightful tool to aid their analysis. By being able to visualize the spread, health and government officials can dive deeper to identify the sources of transmission and attempt to stop or reverse them accordingly.

Clever COVID-19, Clever Citizens-98: Critical and Creative Reflections from Tehran, Toronto, and Sydney

Our world suffers. Some people suffer more than others. Since the first part of 2020, ours is justly described as a time of uncertainty, threat, and upheaval. In this article, we offer reflections threaded narratively, told from the specificity of our societal contexts in Iran, Canada, and Australia. What might we learn in the present and anticipated future from people living chronically within conditions of uncertainty and immobility and also those experiencing uncertainty and immobility for the first time? We argue that reflexive comparative analysis bridging social and visual analysis, anchored in embodied conditions of such people, offers a way to learn from responses to COVID-19 while also being an exercise in ethical research practice. This reflection builds on and extends from our scholarly collaborations that have been ongoing since 2015. Our title recognizes this specific virus as stealthy. Importantly, our choice of words identifies resident Iranians-whose experiences were the original impetuses for this paper, and whose lives provide its empirical basis (98 is Iran's country code)-as equally steely.