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BASS AD, TEPPERMAN J, RICHERT DA, WESTERFELD WW. Excretion of uric acid and allantoin by rats depleted of liver xanthine oxidase. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2004; 73:687-9. [PMID: 15417641 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-73-17788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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PASSARO EP, GILLESPIE IE, GROSSMAN MI. POTENTIATION BETWEEN GASTRIN AND HISTAMINE IN STIMULATION OF GASTRIC SECRETION. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 1996; 114:50-2. [PMID: 14076910 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-114-28582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
Rabbit skeletal muscle contains 56% more
ATP
and 225% more creatine phosphate than rabbit cardiac muscle. With ischemia the per cent reduction in
ATP
and creatine phosphate is less in skeletal than cardiac muscle and
ADP
and
AMP
decrease in skeletal and increase in cardiac muscle,
IMP
is present in skeletal muscle and increases with ischemia, whereas it is absent in cardiac muscle but appears with ischemia. Adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine are absent in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Ischemia results in the appearance of adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine in cardiac muscle but only the latter two compounds appear in ischemic skeletal muscle. Although complete ischemia is required to demonstrate the presence of adenosine in cardiac muscle, the appearance of this nucleoside is nevertheless consistent with the hypothesis that under physiological conditions quantities of adenosine, undetectable by present methods, may play a role in the regulation of coronary blood flow.
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ATKINSON MR, MURRAY AW. INHIBITION BY 6-MERCAPTOPURINE OF PURINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASES FROM EHRLICH ASCITES-TUMOUR CELLS THAT ARE RESISTANT TO THE DRUG. Biochem J 1996; 94:71-4. [PMID: 14342251 PMCID: PMC1206407 DOI: 10.1042/bj0940071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
1. A strain of Ehrlich ascites-tumour cells that showed little inhibition of growth in the presence of 6-mercaptopurine accumulated less than 5% as much 6-thioinosine 5'-phosphate in vivo, in the presence of 6-mercaptopurine, as did the sensitive strain from which it was derived. 2. Specific activities of the phosphoribosyltransferases that convert adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine and 6-mercaptopurine into AMP, GMP, IMP and 6-thioinosine 5'-phosphate were similar in extracts of the resistant and the sensitive cells. 3. As found previously with sensitive cells, 6-mercaptopurine is a competitive inhibitor of guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase from the resistant cells and does not inhibit the adenine phosphoribosyltransferase from these cells. Michaelis constants and inhibitor constants of the purine phosphoribosyltransferases from resistant cells did not differ significantly from those measured with the corresponding enzymes from sensitive cells. 4. Resistance to 6-mercaptopurine in this case is probably not due to qualitative or quantitative changes in these transferases.
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AMMANN EC, LYNCH VH. PURINE METABOLISM OF UNICELLULAR ALGAE. I. CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETECTION OF SOME PURINES, PYRIMIDINES, AND IMIDAZOLES BY THEIR MERCURIC COMPLEXES. Anal Biochem 1996; 7:387-92. [PMID: 14165462 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(64)90150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
Valentine, R. C. (University of Illinois, Urbana) and R. S. Wolfe. Role of ferredoxin in the metabolism of molecular hydrogen. J. Bacteriol. 85:1114-1120. 1963.-The metabolism of molecular hydrogen by Clostridium pasteurianum, Micrococcus lactilyticus (Veillonella alcalescens), and several other anaerobic bacteria was studied. Oxidation of hydrogen, using several electron-accepting substrates including triphosphopyridine nucleotide, uric acid, xanthine, nitrite, and hydroxylamine, required ferredoxin in conjunction with hydrogenase. Evolution of hydrogen from pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, hypoxanthine, and dithionite was mediated by ferredoxin. On the basis of these findings, a unitary hypothesis for biological hydrogen evolution is proposed in which ferredoxin plays a key role.
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AMMANN EC, LYNCH VH. PURINE METABOLISM BY UNICELLULAR ALGAE. II. ADENINE, HYPOXANTHINE, AND XANTHINE DEGRADATION BY CHORELLA PYRENOIDOSA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 87:370-9. [PMID: 14217713 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6550(64)90110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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STIRPE F, DELLACORTE E. REGULATION OF XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE IN CHICK LIVER. EFFECT OF STARVATION AND OF ADMINISTRATION OF PURINES AND PURINE NUCLEOSIDES. Biochem J 1996; 94:309-13. [PMID: 14348191 PMCID: PMC1206511 DOI: 10.1042/bj0940309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
1. The xanthine-dehydrogenase activity of chick liver, expressed per mg. of nitrogen, is increased during starvation. 2. Administration of inosine and possibly of adenine has a comparable effect on the xanthine dehydrogenase, and also induces an elevation of the total quantity of enzyme. Hypoxanthine, xanthine, guanine, xanthosine, guanosine and adenosine are ineffective. Cortisone is equally ineffective. 3. The administration of puromycin abolishes the effect of inosine and reduces that of starvation. It is concluded that inosine induces an increased synthesis of xanthine dehydrogenase, whereas during starvation the enzyme is spared with respect to other liver proteins. 4. The hypothesis is formulated that chick-liver xanthine dehydrogenase is an adaptive enzyme, its activity being regulated by inosine or by one of its metabolites.
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Abstract
1. The formation of adenosine 5'-phosphate, guanosine 5'-phosphate and inosine 5'-phosphate from [8-(14)C]adenine, [8-(14)C]guanine and [8-(14)C]hypoxanthine respectively in the presence of 5-phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate and an extract from Ehrlich ascites-tumour cells was assayed by a method involving liquid-scintillation counting of the radioactive nucleotides on diethylaminoethylcellulose paper. The results obtained with guanine were confirmed by a spectrophotometric assay which was also used to assay the conversion of 6-mercaptopurine and 5-phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate into 6-thioinosine 5'-phosphate in the presence of 6-mercaptopurine phosphoribosyltransferase from these cells. 2. At pH 7.8 and 25 degrees the Michaelis constants for adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine were 0.9 mum, 2.9 mum and 11.0 mum in the assay with radioactive purines; the Michaelis constant for guanine in the spectrophotometric assay was 2.6 mum. At pH 7.9 the Michaelis constant for 6-mercaptopurine was 10.9 mum. 3. 25 mum-6-Mercaptopurine did not inhibit adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. 6-Mercaptopurine is a competitive inhibitor of guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (K(i) 4.7 mum) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (K(i) 8.3 mum). Hypoxanthine is a competitive inhibitor of guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (K(i) 3.4 mum). 4. Differences in kinetic parameters and in the distribution of phosphoribosyltransferase activities after electrophoresis in starch gel indicate that different enzymes are involved in the conversion of adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine into their nucleotides. 5. From the low values of K(i) for 6-mercaptopurine, and from published evidence that ascites-tumour cells require supplies of purines from the host tissues, it is likely that inhibition of hypoxanthine and guanine phosphoribosyltransferases by free 6-mercaptopurine is involved in the biological activity of this drug.
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Abstract
The Dalmatian coach hound appears to lack a mediated transport system for uric acid, which can be demonstrated in the erythrocytes of other dogs by hypoxanthine inhibition of uric acid uptake. This transport deficiency may be a manifestation of a genetic defect which has different metabolic consequences in the liver, in the kidney, and in other tissues, depending on the direction of their differentiation
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HAYASHI TT. STUDIES ON PLACENTAL METABOLISM. II. PURINE NUCLEOTIDE CATABOLISM IN EARLY PLACENTA. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1965; 93:266-8. [PMID: 14336657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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HUE AC, FREE AH. AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GUANASE IN SERUM OR PLASMA. Clin Chem 1965; 11:708-15. [PMID: 14314960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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HENDERSON JF, KHOO MK. AVAILABILITY OF 5-PHOSPHORIBOSYL 1-PYROPHOSPHATE FOR RIBONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS IN EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR CELLS IN VITRO. J Biol Chem 1965; 240:2358-62. [PMID: 14304837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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DELBARRE F, AUSCHER C, LABROUSSE C, GERYA DE. [TREATMENT OF GOUTY DYSPURINIA BY PARAMETABOLITES AND, ESPECIALLY, BY A XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR]. Presse Med (1893) 1965; 73:1275-9. [PMID: 14273211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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MACINNIS AJ, FISHER FM, READ CP. MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF PURINES AND PYRIMIDINES IN A CESTODE. J Parasitol 1965; 51:260-7. [PMID: 14275220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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SHIGEURA HT, GORDON CN. THE EFFECTS OF 3'-DEOXYADENOSINE ON THE SYNTHESIS OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID. J Biol Chem 1965; 240:806-10. [PMID: 14275139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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KNIGHTS EM, WHITEHOUSE JL, HUE AC, SANTOS CL. SERUM GUANASE DETERMINATION: A LIVER-FUNCTION TEST. J Lab Clin Med 1965; 65:355-60. [PMID: 14267260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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RAMOS AO, RAMOS L, ZANINI AC, SLEMER O. ON THE PHARMACOLOGY OF 1-HEXYL-3,7-DIMETHYLXANTHINE. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1965; 153:430-5. [PMID: 14297377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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GREGOIRE J, CHEFTEL C, GREGOIRE J, LISSITZKY S. [ORGANIFICATION OF IODIDE BY SHEEP THYROID SECTIONS IN VITRO AND INHIBITORY EFFECT OF XANTHINE, GUANINE AND URIC ACID]. Bull Soc Chim Biol (Paris) 1965; 47:639-53. [PMID: 14343208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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TAKEMOTO T, DAIGO K, SAI T. [STUDIES ON THE CONSTITUENTS OF CHONDRIA ARMATA. VI. ISOLATION OF HYPOXANTHINE, L-GLUTAMIC ACID AND SODIUM MANNOSIDOGLYCERATE]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1965; 85:83-5. [PMID: 14283690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
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FUJISHITA S. NON-RESPIRATORY NATURE OF OXYGEN UPTAKE BY ROD OUTER SEGMENTS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1964; 14:551-9. [PMID: 14252828 DOI: 10.2170/jjphysiol.14.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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ENGELMAN K, WATTS RW, KLINENBERG JR, SJOERDSMA A, SEEGMILLER JE. CLINICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF A PATIENT WITH XANTHINURIA AND PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA. Am J Med 1964; 37:839-61. [PMID: 14246087 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(64)90128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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MCNUTT WS, DAMLE SP. TETRAOXYPTERIDINE ISOMERASE. J Biol Chem 1964; 239:4272-9. [PMID: 14247682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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FINK K, ADAMS WS, PFLEIDERER W. A NEW URINARY PYRIMIDINE, 5-ACETYLAMINO-6-AMINO-3-METHYLURACIL. ITS ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION, AND SYNTHESIS. J Biol Chem 1964; 239:4250-6. [PMID: 14247678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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TARR HL, COMER AG. DEAMINATION OF ADENINE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AND FORMATION OF DEOXYADENOSINE AND DEOXYINOSINE BY LINGCOD MUSCLE ENZYMES. Can J Biochem 1964; 42:1527-33. [PMID: 14245246 DOI: 10.1139/o64-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Adenylic acid deaminase was destroyed by heating crude extracts of lingcod muscle to 58 °C, while deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine was unaffected. Deoxyadenosine was deaminated about 2300 times as fast as adenine by the enzyme extract. The specific activity of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase with adenine and deoxyribose-1-phosphate as substrates was similar to that of the deoxyadenosine deaminase of the enzyme preparations. It can thus be stated with certainty that adenine is a substrate for the nucleoside phosphorylase, that deoxyadenosine thus formed is promptly deaminated to deoxyinosine, and that deamination of adenine to hypoxanthine plays a negligible role in formation of deoxyinosine. The presence of small amounts of deoxyadenosine in the above reaction was verified by radioactive adenine and isolation of deoxyadenosine of constant specific activity by addition of deoxyadenosine carrier.
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ZIMMERMAN M, HATFIELD D. BIOSYNTHESIS OF 3-DEOXYRIBOSYLXANTHINE USING THYMIDINE PHOSPHORYLASE. Biochim Biophys Acta 1964; 91:326-8. [PMID: 14240651 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6550(64)90257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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TREMOLIERES J, LOWY R. [RESULTS OF RECENT RESEARCH ON THE BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF ETHYL ALCOHOL TOXICITY]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 1964; 22:1023-33. [PMID: 14232087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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KURAMITSU HK, UDAKA S, MOYED HS. INDUCTION OF INOSINE 5'-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE AND XANTHOSINE 5'-PHOSPHATE AMINASE BY RIBOSYL-4-AMINO-5-IMIDAZOLECARBOXAMIDE IN PURINE-REQUIRING MUTANTS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI B. J Biol Chem 1964; 239:3425-30. [PMID: 14245398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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NELSON LS, STOESSER AV. CLINICAL ADVANTAGES OF ISOEPHEDRINE OVER EPHEDRINE WITH XANTHINE DERIVATIVES AND EXPECTORANTS IN MILD AND MODERATELY SEVERE ASTHMA. Ann Allergy 1964; 22:527-32. [PMID: 14215932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
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DAIRMAN WM, MCNUTT WS. THE METABOLISM OF XANTHINE-8-CARBOXYLIC ACID BY ALCALIGENES FAECALIS. J Biol Chem 1964; 239:3407-11. [PMID: 14245395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
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