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Dagar S, Sharma M, Tsaprailis G, Tapia CS, Crynen G, Joshi PS, Shahani N, Subramaniam S. Ribosome Profiling and Mass Spectrometry Reveal Widespread Mitochondrial Translation Defects in a Striatal Cell Model of Huntington Disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100746. [PMID: 38447791 PMCID: PMC11040134 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an expanded polyglutamine mutation in huntingtin (mHTT) that promotes prominent atrophy in the striatum and subsequent psychiatric, cognitive deficits, and choreiform movements. Multiple lines of evidence point to an association between HD and aberrant striatal mitochondrial functions; however, the present knowledge about whether (or how) mitochondrial mRNA translation is differentially regulated in HD remains unclear. We found that protein synthesis is diminished in HD mitochondria compared to healthy control striatal cell models. We utilized ribosome profiling (Ribo-Seq) to analyze detailed snapshots of ribosome occupancy of the mitochondrial mRNA transcripts in control and HD striatal cell models. The Ribo-Seq data revealed almost unaltered ribosome occupancy on the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial transcripts involved in oxidative phosphorylation (SDHA, Ndufv1, Timm23, Tomm5, Mrps22) in HD cells. By contrast, ribosome occupancy was dramatically increased for mitochondrially encoded oxidative phosphorylation mRNAs (mt-Nd1, mt-Nd2, mt-Nd4, mt-Nd4l, mt-Nd5, mt-Nd6, mt-Co1, mt-Cytb, and mt-ATP8). We also applied tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry identification of mitochondrial proteins to derive correlations between ribosome occupancy and actual mature mitochondrial protein products. We found many mitochondrial transcripts with comparable or higher ribosome occupancy, but diminished mitochondrial protein products, in HD. Thus, our study provides the first evidence of a widespread dichotomous effect on ribosome occupancy and protein abundance of mitochondria-related genes in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunayana Dagar
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Manish Sharma
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - George Tsaprailis
- Proteomics Core, The Wertheim UF Scripps Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | | | - Gogce Crynen
- Bioinformatics and Statistics Core, The Wertheim UF Scripps Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Preksha Sandipkumar Joshi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Neelam Shahani
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Srinivasa Subramaniam
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, Florida, USA; The Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA; Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
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Zhi Y, Liu L, Wang H, Chen X, Lv Y, Cui X, Chang H, Wang Y, Cui S. Prenatal exome sequencing analysis in fetuses with central nervous system anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:721-726. [PMID: 37204857 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of prenatal exome sequencing (pES) in fetuses with central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of fetuses identified to have CNS abnormality on prenatal ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging. All fetuses were first analyzed by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Fetuses with a confirmed aneuploidy or causal pathogenic copy-number variant (CNV) on CMA did not undergo pES analysis and were excluded, while those with a negative CMA result were offered pES testing. RESULTS Of the 167 pregnancies included in the study, 42 (25.1%) were identified to have a pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variant. The diagnostic rate was significantly higher in fetuses with a non-isolated CNS abnormality than in those with a single CNS abnormality (35.7% (20/56) vs 14.5% (8/55); P = 0.010). Moreover, when a fetus had three or more CNS abnormalities, the positive diagnostic rate increased to 42.9%. A total of 25/42 (59.5%) cases had de-novo mutations, while, in the remaining cases, mutations were inherited and carried a significant risk of recurrence. Families whose fetus carried a P/LP mutation were more likely to choose advanced pregnancy termination than those with a variant of uncertain significance, secondary/incidental finding or negative pES result (83.3% (25/30) vs 41.3% (38/92); P < 0.001). CONCLUSION pES improved the identification of genetic disorders in fetuses with CNS anomalies without a chromosomal abnormality or CNV identified on CMA, regardless of the number of CNS anomalies and presence of extracranial abnormality. We also demonstrated that pES findings can significantly impact parental decision-making. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhi
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - L Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - H Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - X Chen
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Y Lv
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - X Cui
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - H Chang
- Scientific Research Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Y Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - S Cui
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Wenk KS, Wu X, Miller MJ. Infrequent laboratory abnormalities during terbinafine therapy for onychomycosis: A retrospective cohort analysis within an integrated health system. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023:S0190-9622(23)02688-9. [PMID: 37717727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt S Wenk
- Department of Dermatology, Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Springfield, Virginia.
| | - Xinxie Wu
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Michael J Miller
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, Maryland; Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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Yener S, Şahin C, Ilce Z. Retrospective Evaluation of Urological Problems in Rare Childhood Syndromes. Cureus 2023; 15:e41577. [PMID: 37554621 PMCID: PMC10406510 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Rare syndromes are defined as diseases that affect a small number of people compared to the general population. In the literature, rare syndromes have variable definitions according to countries. In this study, patients diagnosed with various rare syndromes who were referred to the pediatric urology clinic were examined in terms of associated urological anomalies. Patients and methods In this study, patients who were referred to our outpatient clinic between 2017 and 2022 with a diagnosis of a rare syndrome with or without urological or urogenital findings were retrospectively analyzed. The urinary system ultrasonography and scrotal ultrasonography of the patients were also recorded. Comorbidities, diseases, and surgeries they had undergone were determined through detailed medical history. Results A total of 32 patients were identified. Eleven (35%) of the patients were female and 21 (65%) were male. The average age of the patients was 6.5 years. The syndromes observed in the patients, in order of frequency, were microdeletion syndromes (n = 4), Roberts syndrome (n = 3), and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (n = 2), and a variety of different syndromes were found in the remaining 22 patients. Despite having no symptoms, the second patient was found to have left hydronephrosis, and the third patient was found to have right renal ectopia on their urinary system ultrasound. Pathological findings were observed in 10 (31.2%) patients on their urinary system ultrasound. Conclusion Although only a small portion of these findings require surgery, the presence of urological anomalies should be investigated. Therefore, we recommend urological evaluation for all patients with rare syndromes, regardless of whether they have symptoms or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Yener
- Department of Pediatric Urology, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Ceyhan Şahin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Zekeriya Ilce
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
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Karimi Y, Nussbaum D, Rezapour-Mirsaleh Y, Mohammadi R. Psychological Normality or Abnormality: A Case Study on Salafi-Jihadists in the Middle-East. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2023:306624X231176008. [PMID: 37269108 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x231176008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated Salafi-Jihadists in terms of mental health. The participants included 12 Salafi-Jihadists living in border areas of Iran, Kurdistan, selected using a purposeful sampling method. This primarily phenomenological case study gathered data, using open-ended interviews, field observations and in-depth clinical interviews. Results indicated that the participants reported no long-standing or acute mental or personality disorder. While they demonstrated abnormalities in their thought process and cognition, they were not severe enough to constitute symptoms of a mental disorder. The results indicate that situational and group factors, in conjunction with identifiable cognitive distortions, may play a more decisive role in fundamentalist radicalization than personality characteristics and mental disorders. Due to discrimination, feelings of oppression, cognitive distortions, and wrong attitudes toward other religious schools, some Muslims have decided to join Salafi-Jihad groups in order to feel a sense of belonging and identity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Nussbaum
- Allen K. Hess Institute for Integrative and Forensic Behavioural Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hirasawa N, Nakae H, Satoh K, Yoshida K, Okuyama M. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by Otsujito. Acute Med Surg 2023; 10:e874. [PMID: 37469375 PMCID: PMC10352571 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Kampo prescriptions can cause drug-induced lung injury (DLI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, severe respiratory failure induced by Otsujito (OJT) is extremely rare. High-dose steroid pulse therapy is generally given to patients with severe DLI. Case Presentation A 63-year-old man with respiratory distress was admitted to our hospital. The patient was diagnosed with severe ARDS caused by OJT, which had been prescribed 4 weeks prior to admission. Thus, OJT was discontinued, and intensive care for ARDS, including ventilation and prone positioning, was implemented. His respiratory condition rapidly improved after treatment with an initial methylprednisolone dose (1.5 mg/kg/day). He was extubated on day 4 and discharged on day 16. The steroid dose was gradually reduced and discontinued by day 116. Conclusion A severe case of ARDS caused by OJT was successfully treated with low-dose steroids and specialized intensive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Hirasawa
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Hajime Nakae
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Kasumi Satoh
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Kenji Yoshida
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
| | - Manabu Okuyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care MedicineAkita University Graduate School of MedicineAkitaJapan
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Wang YQ, Wang RJ, Li QZ, Yu ZW. Abnormalities of the Halogen Bonds in the Complexes between Y 2CTe (Y = H, F, CH 3) and XF (X = F, Cl, Br, I). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238523. [PMID: 36500615 PMCID: PMC9739304 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds in the complexes between Y2CTe (Y = H, F, CH3) and XF (X = F, Cl, Br, I) have been studied by quantum chemical calculations. We found three interesting abnormalities regarding the interactions. Firstly, the strength of halogen bonds increases in the order of IF < BrF < ClF < F2. Secondly, the halogen bonds formed by F2 are very strong, with an interaction energy in the range between −199.8 and −233.1 kJ/mol. Thirdly, all the halogen bonds are stronger than the hydrogen bonds in the systems we examined. All these results are against the general understanding of halogen bonds. These apparent abnormal properties are reconciled with the high polarizability of the Te atom and the strong inducing effect of F on the Te atom of Y2CTe. These findings provide a new perspective on halogen bonds. Additionally, we also proposed bonding distance-based methods to compare the strength of halogen/hydrogen bonds formed between different donor atoms and the same acceptor atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui-Jing Wang
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qing-Zhong Li
- The Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
- Correspondence: (Q.-Z.L.); (Z.-W.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Wu Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (Q.-Z.L.); (Z.-W.Y.)
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Sv R, B C, Basavaiah S. Assessment of sodium nitrate (NaNO 3) effects on the reproductive system, liver, pancreas and kidney of male rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:702-711. [PMID: 36048174 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221122483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3) toxicity is a serious global issue that results in impairment of physiological systems of our body. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different concentration of NaNO3 (10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw) on the male reproductive system, liver, kidney and pancreas. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of five animals each (n = 5). The first group served as controls. The second, third, fourth and fifth groups of rat were orally intubated with 10, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw of NaNO3 for 52 days. After the treatment period, the rats were sacrificed and NO3 induced alterations on selected organs were assessed. There was a dose dependent decrease in sperm motility, serum concentration of testosterone, body weight and organ weight, and increase in abnormal sperm morphology in the NaNO3 treated groups compared with the controls. Further, histological analysis confirmed that NO3 induced toxicity. Shrunken seminiferous tubules and loss of spermatids in testes, shrinkage of acinar cells of the pancreas, sinusoidal congestion and necrosis in the liver, atrophy of glomeruli and congestion of renal tubules of the kidney were the histological alterations observed in rats treated with100 and 500 mg/kg NaNO3. However, 100% mortality was observed in rats treated with 1000 mg/kg NaNO3. The present study clearly demonstrated the toxic effects of NaNO3 on both the reproductive system and other organs of the body. The study might inform human studies; where in the chances of male infertility may be more a problem for individuals in areas with NO3-rich ground water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajini Sv
- Department of studies in Zoology, Manasagangotri, 29243University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Chaithra B
- Department of Zoology, Vijaya College, Bangalore, India
| | - Shiva Basavaiah
- Department of studies in Zoology, 29243Manasagangotri University of Mysore, Mysore, India
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Bourke G, Wilks D, Kinsey S, Feltbower RG, Giri N, Alter BP. The incidence and spectrum of congenital hand differences in patients with Fanconi anaemia: analysis of 48 patients. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2022; 47:711-715. [PMID: 35360980 DOI: 10.1177/17531934221087521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We analysed the spectrum of congenital hand differences in a cohort of patients with Fanconi anaemia (FA). Data of 48 FA patients at the National Cancer Institute were reviewed focusing on age at diagnosis, type and severity of limb difference and any potential association with other known clinical anomalies that are part of the FA phenotype, specifically VACTERL-H and PHENOS. Twenty-eight patients had an upper limb difference, which always included thumb hypoplasia. Twenty-three patients had bilateral upper limb differences, including varying combinations and severities of thumb hypoplasia, radial dysplasia and thumb duplication. Patients with a limb difference were diagnosed at a younger age (<2 years: 15/28 with limb anomaly versus 4/20 without a limb anomaly). However, 7/28 with limb anomalies, usually thumb hypoplasia, were not diagnosed until after 6 years of age. This study demonstrates the broad spectrum of radial ray anomalies within the FA phenotype along with the possibility of either unilateral or bilateral upper limb differences and adds further merit to consideration of screening for FA in all cases of radial ray anomaly.Level of evidence: II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grainne Bourke
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniel Wilks
- Department of Paediatrics, Melbourne/Murdoch Childrens Research Institute/University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sally Kinsey
- Leeds Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Children's Haematology, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Neelam Giri
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blanche P Alter
- Clinical Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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林 颖, 任 寸, 樊 小, 李 薇, 丁 忠, 邱 建, 查 定. [Perioperative management of cochlear implantation for CHARGE syndrome]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 36:198-204. [PMID: 35193342 PMCID: PMC10128286 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To explore the perioperative period characteristics of paediatric cochlear implant recipients of CHARGE syndrome with complex deformities. Methods:Retrospective case series of CHARGE syndrome were included. Radiological results, intraoperative findings, surgical planning and post-operative complications were analyzed. Routine audiometric measurements, speech perception categories and speech intelligibility ratings were performed pre and post-operatively to measure auditory speech rehabilitation outcomes. Results:Five prelingual profoundly deaf children were identified, aged from 14 months to 60 months. All patients had congenital heart disease and underwent surgery before cochlear implantation. Upper airway abnormalities were detected as choanal atresia, laryngomalacia and tracheal stenosis. All ten ears showed cochlear abnormalities(Incomplete partition Ⅱ), eight of them combined with secretory otitis media and/or middle ear deformity. All patients underwent single side surgery using standard transmastoid facial recess approach. Full insertion of the electrode was achieved in two cochleas, while partial insertion was done in three cochleas. Three ears with absent auditory nerves in MRI showed no response in the neural remote test. All patients had improved audio-speech performance with CAP scores 3.0±0.7 and 3.6±0.9, SIR scores 1.2±0.4 and 1.8±0.8, IT-MAIS scores 18.8±9.1 and 26.2±10.0, MUSS scores 2.2±2.4 and 7.2±8.3 after twelve months and twenty-four months follow up. Conclusion:Cochlear implantation in patients with CHARGE syndrome is a challenge in both its surgical and rehabilitation aspects due to multiple abnormalities. Adequate treatment planning is necessary for safe and effective surgery, including airway structures and intricate temporal bone landmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- 颖 林
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - 寸寸 任
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - 小勤 樊
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - 薇 李
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - 忠家 丁
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - 建华 邱
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - 定军 查
- 空军军医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科(西安,710032)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Military Medical University of Air Force, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Ezeike AC, Liman IM, Babandi RM, Austin-Amadi EO, Dantata HA, Ubani FU. Incidental intra-operative finding of a rare uterine fusion abnormality in a primigravida with breech presentation at term: A case report. Niger Postgrad Med J 2021; 28:145-147. [PMID: 34494602 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_561_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Uterine malformations are often asymptomatic but can be associated with a wide range of reproductive problems. We report a case of uterine fusion defect diagnosed intra-operatively in a 20-year-old primigravida who had elective caesarean section at term on account of breech presentation at term. Intraoperative findings included a cone-shaped uterus with narrowed fundus and the appendages emerging at the fundus and lower uterine segment on the right and left respectively. This is a rare fusion defect and makes a case for review of the existing uterine malformation classification systems, to make it all encompassing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Felix Ugo Ubani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
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Kitano D, Sakakibara S, Ishida Y, Nomura T, Terashi H. Congenital Cheek Fistula: A Rare Case of Developmental Abnormality in the Buccal Area. Cureus 2021; 13:e15657. [PMID: 34277250 PMCID: PMC8281784 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A congenital cheek fistula is a rare malformation in the buccal area. Here, we report the case of a congenital cheek fistula in a 50-year-old woman who visited our clinic with complaints of swelling and pain in her left cheek. Physical examination revealed a small hole in the left corner of the mouth present since birth. She had no other congenital malformations in the maxillofacial region such as an accessory ear and cleft lip. Manual compression of the cheek mass induced serous discharge from the hole. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a cystic lesion in the left cheek and a fistula within the orbicularis oris muscle that opened into the small hole. After immediate incision and drainage of the cyst, both the cyst and fistula were surgically resected. The cystic lesion was completely delineated from the boundary of the parotid gland. The orbicularis oris muscle was partially incised to remove the fistula and the surrounding scar tissue. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed a cavity consisting of epithelium inside the fistula. The postoperative course was insignificant. No recurrence of the cyst was observed six months postoperatively. The operative and pathological findings demonstrated that the ectoderm-derived epithelial tissue was enclosed by the mesoderm-derived muscle tissue. The mixture of different germ layer-derived tissues suggested that the fistula was a type of congenital transverse facial cleft induced by malfusion of the mandibular and maxillary prominences during embryonic development. The differential diagnoses of the congenital cheek fistula included orocutaneous fistulas and salivary fistulas. MRI was useful in delineating the border between the lesion and the surrounding tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Kitano
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, JPN
| | - Shunsuke Sakakibara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, JPN
| | - Yasuhisa Ishida
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, JPN
| | - Tadashi Nomura
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, JPN
| | - Hiroto Terashi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, JPN
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Liao Y, Wen H, Ouyang S, Yuan Y, Bi J, Guan Y, Fu Q, Yang X, Guo W, Huang Y, Zeng Q, Qin Y, Xiang H, Li S. Routine first-trimester ultrasound screening using a standardized anatomical protocol. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 224:396.e1-396.e15. [PMID: 33127430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-trimester ultrasound scans were introduced to China for nearly 20 years. The ability of first-trimester ultrasound screening to detect different malformations was variable. A recent systematic review concluded that the use of a standardized anatomic protocol was the most crucial factor to improve the sensitivity of first-trimester ultrasound screening for anomalies. Standardized sectional scans have long been used for routine anatomy screening during the second trimester. However, during the first trimester, most of the previous studies have described the observation of anatomic structures but have not specified clearly the standard sectional views. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the performance of routine first-trimester scans using a standardized anatomic protocol for detecting structural abnormalities in China. STUDY DESIGN This was a large retrospective study involving 59,063 sequential unselected pregnancies. Scans at 11 to 13+6 weeks were performed in a single center during a 7-year span. All fetuses were examined following a predefined protocol for standardized views. RESULTS From October 2008 to December 2015, first-trimester scans were performed in 53,349 pregnant women with available outcome. Of these, there were 1578 (3%) pregnancies that presented with at least 1 fetal structural abnormality. The detection rate for first-trimester screening was 43.1% (95% confidence interval, 40.6%-45.5%). Routine first-trimester scans detected 95.6% of abdominal wall defects, 66.3% of nervous system defects, 33.8% of limbs and skeleton malformations, 30.8% of facial abnormalities, 21.2% of urogenital abnormalities, 18.4% of thoracic and lung abnormalities, and 4.1% of gastrointestinal tract abnormalities. During the first trimester, 37.7% of cardiac defects were identified and included 57.9% of major cardiac defects and 2.6% of mild cardiac defects. A robust high detection rate for anencephaly, exencephaly, cephalocele, holoprosencephaly, exomphalos, gastroschisis, Pentalogy of Cantrell, sirenomelia, and body stalk anomaly was achieved during routine first-trimester scans. CONCLUSION A standardized anatomic protocol is advised when performing routine first-trimester ultrasound screening. It is recommended that screening for severe structural abnormalities should be extended to the first trimester.
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Gao L, Penglee R, Huang Y, Yi X, Wang X, Liu L, Gong X, Bao B. CRISPR/Cas9-induced nos2b mutant zebrafish display behavioral abnormalities. Genes Brain Behav 2020; 20:e12716. [PMID: 33200539 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The immunomodulatory function of nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) has been extensively studied. However, some behavioral abnormalities caused by its mutations have been found in a few rodent studies, of which the molecular mechanism remains elusive. In this research, we generated nos2b gene knockout zebrafish (nos2bsou2/sou2 ) using CRISPR/Cas9 approach and investigated their behavioral and molecular changes by doing a series of behavioral detections, morphological measurements, and molecular analyses. We found that, compared with nos2b+/+ zebrafish, nos2bsou2/sou2 zebrafish exhibited enhanced motor activity; additionally, nos2bsou2/sou2 zebrafish were characterized by smaller brain size, abnormal structure of optic tectum, reduced mRNA level of presynaptic synaptophysin and postsynaptic homer1, and altered response to sodium nitroprusside/methylphenidate hydrochloride treatment. These findings will likely contribute to future studies of behavioral regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rachit Penglee
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Gong
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baolong Bao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Abstract
The present systematic review and meta-analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of the sciatic nerve (SN) variants relative to the piriformis muscle (PM) and compares those variants’ prevalence among different geographical populations with respect to gender and laterality. A database search was conducted to identify cadaveric studies pertinent to SN variants relative to the PM. A total of 44 articles were included. The typical morphological pattern (type A, with the SN passing undivided below the PM) was found to be the most common variant, with 90% pooled prevalence. SN variants were more common among East Asians, with a 31% pooled prevalence of total variants. No significant differences were established with respect to gender and laterality. In greater than 10% of the population, the SN coursed through or above piriformis. Patients’ epidemiological characteristics may predispose them to certain variants. The common peroneal nerve (CPN) is more susceptible to injury during a total hip arthroplasty or a hip arthroscopy where anomalies are encountered. As anatomical variants are commonly associated with piriformis syndrome, they should always be considered during diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Piagkou
- Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Trifon Totlis
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Maria Tzika
- Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
| | - Konstantinos Natsis
- Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GRC
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16
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Li W, Zeng F, Fan B, Yu N, Wu J, Yang Y, Huang H, Li SL, Peng Z. Impact of ultrasonography on identifying noninvasive prenatal screening false-negative aneuploidy. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1213. [PMID: 32198849 PMCID: PMC7284037 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the impact of ultrasonography on identifying noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) false‐negative aneuploidy. Methods Analysis of large population‐based NIPS false‐negative aneuploidy data comprising karyotypes, clinical outcomes, and ultrasound results. Results From December 2010 to July 2018, a total of 3,320,457 pregnancies were screened by NIPS performed in BGI; among them, 69 NIPS false‐negative aneuploidy cases with informed consent were confirmed, and ultrasound examination data for 48 cases were not available. Of the 21 cases with ultrasound results, 19 (90.5%) had various abnormalities on ultrasound, and two (9.5%) cases were shown to be normal on ultrasound. Additionally, six of seven live‐born fetuses (approximately 85.7%) were found to have abnormalities on ultrasound. Ventricular septal defects constituted the most frequently observed ultrasound abnormality type among the 21 NIPS false‐negative aneuploidy cases. Conclusion Application of NIPS has increased rapidly worldwide and now accounts for a large proportion of prenatal screening tests in China. This study suggests that ISUOG guideline should be followed practically, and structural abnormal ultrasound findings should not be neglected, even when NIPS produces a negative result. Combining NIPS with an ultrasound examination can further reduce the incidence of live births with aneuploidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fanwei Zeng
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Nan Yu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Wu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Yang
- BGI-Wuhan, BGI-Shenzhen, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Huang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng-Li Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyu Peng
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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17
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Wang W, Su X, Ding Y, Fan W, Zhou W, Su J, Chen Z, Zhao H, Xu K, Ni Q, Xu X, Qiu Y, Teng L. Thyroid Function Abnormalities in COVID-19 Patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:623792. [PMID: 33679608 PMCID: PMC7933556 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.623792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The novel coronavirus COVID-19, has caused a worldwide pandemic, impairing several human organs and systems. Whether COVID-19 affects human thyroid function remains unknown. METHODS Eighty-four hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, among which 22 cases had complete records of thyroid hormones. In addition, 91 other patients with pneumonia and 807 healthy subjects were included as controls. RESULTS We found that levels of total triiodothyronine (TT3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were lower in COVID-19 patients than healthy group (p < 0.001). Besides, TSH level in COVID-19 patients was obviously lower than non-COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001). Within the group of COVID-19, 61.9% (52/84) patients presented with thyroid function abnormalities and the proportion of thyroid dysfunction was higher in severe cases than mild/moderate cases (74.6 vs. 23.8%, p < 0.001). Patients with thyroid dysfunction tended to have longer viral nucleic acid cleaning time (14.1 ± 9.4 vs. 10.6 ± 8.3 days, p = 0.088). To note, thyroid dysfunction was also associated with decreased lymphocytes (p < 0.001) and increased CRP (p = 0.002). The correlation between TT3 and TSH level seemed to be positive rather than negative in the early stage, and gradually turned to be negatively related over time. CONCLUSION Thyroid function abnormalities are common in COVID-19 patients, especially in severe cases. This might be partially explained by nonthyroidal illness syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingyun Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weina Fan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU), The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lisong Teng, ; Yunqing Qiu,
| | - Lisong Teng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lisong Teng, ; Yunqing Qiu,
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Kuzan TY, Kuzan BN, Telli TA, Tüney D. Evaluation of the frequency of left renal vein variations in computed tomography and its relationship with cancer development. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 79:793-8. [PMID: 31886880 DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2019.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left renal vein (LRV) variations occur in 0.8-10.2% of the population. The most common LRV variations are retroaortic left renal vein (RLRV) and circumaortic left renal vein (CLRV). The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of LRV variations in a large series on computed tomography (CT) and to investigate the association between LRV and malignancy development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2015 and January 2017, an abdominal CT examination of 12,341 (5505 female, 6836 male) patients was evaluated retrospectively in this study. Patients' clinical and demographic data were recorded using the Hospital Information System. RESULTS Left renal vein variations were detected in 314 (2.54%) of the 12,341 patients within the study. Of the 314 cases found to have LRV variations, 227 (1.84%) had RLRV, and 87 (0.70%) had CLRV. There was no statistical difference in total LRV variations (p = 0.083) and CLRV variation (p = 0.96) groups in terms of gender. However, the RLRV variation was found to be 1.32 times higher in males than in females (p = 0.039). Of the 314 patients with LRV variations, 73 (23.2%) had any sort of concomitant malignancy. CONCLUSIONS A high incidence of malignancy was detected in patients with LRV variations. Of the LRV variations, RLRV variation is more common than CLRV variation. The presence of total LRV variations and CLRV variations is not associated with gender; whereas the presence of RLRV variation is more common in males.
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19
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Kawakami Y, Saito K, Itoh Y. The developmental effects of isoflavone aglycone administration on early chick embryos. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 11:236-9. [PMID: 31736638 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2018-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybeans contain the isoflavone aglycone, an endocrine disrupter. To determine the effects of small amounts of isoflavones on developmental processes, we administered 6.25, 62.5, or 625 μg isoflavone per egg to early stage (stage 10) developing chick embryos via the yolk just beneath the embryo. Eggs were kept at 37±0.5 °C and >80% relative humidity, with one rotation per hour for 48 hrs. The embryos were observed under a stereomicroscope for morphological abnormalities and number of somites. Relative to control eggs, there were no significant differences in the average number of somites in eggs administered isoflavone aglycone. Isoflavone, however, had a dose associated effect on abnormal embryogenesis. Embryos treated with isoflavone aglycone showed developmental arrest not reaching somitegenesis, dysmorphology of the neural tube, and shortening of entire embryos.
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20
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Bennett OF, Kanber B, Hoskote C, Cardoso MJ, Ourselin S, Duncan JS, Winston GP. Learning to see the invisible: A data-driven approach to finding the underlying patterns of abnormality in visually normal brain magnetic resonance images in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2019; 60:2499-2507. [PMID: 31691273 PMCID: PMC6972547 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective To find the covert patterns of abnormality in patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and visually normal brain magnetic resonance images (MRI‐negative), comparing them to those with visible abnormalities (MRI‐positive). Methods We used multimodal brain MRI from patients with unilateral TLE and employed contemporary machine learning methods to predict the known laterality of seizure onset in 104 subjects (82 MRI‐positive, 22 MRI‐negative). A visualization approach entitled "Importance Maps" was developed to highlight image features predictive of seizure laterality in both the MRI‐positive and MRI‐negative cases. Results Seizure laterality could be predicted with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.981 (95% confidence interval [CI] =0.974‐0.989) in MRI‐positive and 0.842 (95% CI = 0.736‐0.949) in MRI‐negative cases. The known image features arising from the hippocampus were the leading predictors of seizure laterality in the MRI‐positive cases, whereas widespread temporal lobe abnormalities were revealed in the MRI‐negative cases. Significance Covert abnormalities not discerned on visual reading were detected in MRI‐negative TLE, with a spatial pattern involving the whole temporal lobe, rather than just the hippocampus. This suggests that MRI‐negative TLE may be associated with subtle but widespread temporal lobe abnormalities. These abnormalities merit close inspection and postacquisition processing if there is no overt lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar F Bennett
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Baris Kanber
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, UK
| | - Chandrashekar Hoskote
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - M Jorge Cardoso
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sebastien Ourselin
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John S Duncan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, UK
| | - Gavin P Winston
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,MRI Unit, Epilepsy Society, Chalfont St Peter, UK.,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Akdoğan A, Erden A, Fırat Şentürk E, Kılıç L, Sarı A, Armağan B, Karadağ Ö, Kiraz S. Capillaroscopic findings in Turkish Takayasu arteritis patients. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:1303-1307. [PMID: 31648432 PMCID: PMC7018322 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1812-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Abnormal capillaroscopic findings have been reported in vasculitic syndromes such as Behçet’s disease, Henoch–Schönlein purpura, and Wegener’s granulomatosis. This study was conducted to define the capillaroscopic changes in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA). Materials and methods We studied 28 TA patients (27 females). The nail folds from the 2nd to 5th fingers on both hands were examined with video capillaroscopy for all. A patient was defined as having an abnormal capillaroscopic examination if more than 1 morphologic abnormality was present in at least 2 nail folds. Results The median capillary density of TA patients was 9 (range: 9–11). There were no patients with capillary disorganization or avascular areas. Tortuous capillaries were detected in all patients. The other common morphological capillary abnormalities included enlarged/dilated capillaries (39.3%), branching capillaries (35.7%), and hemorrhages (32.1%). Only 1 patient had giant capillaries with early scleroderma-like pattern. Overall, there were 11 (39.3%) patients with abnormal capillaroscopic findings. There were more patients with abnormal capillaroscopic findings in the subgroup of TA patients whose upper extremity blood pressure could not be measured as compared to those whose blood pressure could be measured (66.7% vs. 26.3% patients; P = 0.04). Conclusion Capillaroscopic abnormalities are frequently seen in TA patients. We consider that abnormal capillaroscopic findings in TA patients reflect the impaired blood flow due to narrowed or occluded arteries rather than the primary capillary involvement of the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akdoğan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdulsamet Erden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Fırat Şentürk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Levent Kılıç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alper Sarı
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berkan Armağan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ömer Karadağ
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sedat Kiraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Hodges CJ, Poorboy DM, Weber BM, Thompson CF. Beak abnormality hinders provisioning ability and reduces body condition of a female house wren ( Troglodytes aedon). Wilson J Ornithol 2019; 131:128-134. [PMID: 31105481 PMCID: PMC6519477 DOI: 10.1676/18-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Beak abnormalities have been reported in a wide range of species but typically affect only a small portion (<1%) of wild bird populations. Most research has focused on the prevalence, morphology, and causes of beak deformities, resulting in relatively little information on the consequences of these deformities for individual birds. Birds with abnormal beaks likely struggle to feed themselves, a situation that can only be exacerbated during the breeding season when they must provide food for not only themselves but also their offspring. We captured a female house wren (Troglodytes aedon) with abnormal mandibles during the 2016 breeding season. The female was lighter and smaller than normal, and her clutch size smaller and incubation and nestling periods slightly longer than normal. Using video recordings at the nest, we found that early in the nestling period the female's provisioning rate was lower and her time spent brooding greater than normal, yet she succeeded in rearing a smaller-than-average brood. We conclude that the female's abnormal beak was a severe handicap negatively affecting both her condition and her provisioning ability; however, it did not preclude her from raising a brood of nestlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J. Hodges
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
- Current address: Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - Dylan M. Poorboy
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Beth M. Weber
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
| | - Charles F. Thompson
- Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Section, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USA
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Abstract
To investigate the sonographic findings of the vas deferens in male genital tuberculosis.The ultrasonographic findings of the vas deferens of 19 cases of genital tuberculosis were retrospectively analyzed.According to the pathological and ultrasound findings, the ultrasonographic appearances of the vas deferens tuberculosis could be divided into 4 groups, 1 of normal sonograms, 3 of abnormal sonograms. The abnormal ultrasonographic appearances of the vas deferens tuberculosis were considered 3 categories as follows: diffusely thickening of vas deferens, nodular thickening of vas deferens, and space-occupying lesions adjacent to the vas deferens.The ultrasound manifestations of vas deferens in tuberculosis of the male genital system have certain characteristics. Combination of clinical manifestations, history of tuberculosis, experimental antituberculosis treatment, and ultrasound examination of vas deferens can suggest tuberculosis of vas deferens. Furthermore, it can provide objective basis for the comprehensive and noninvasive evaluation of the impact of genital tuberculosis on the reproductive ability for further treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huijiao Chen
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yaping Rao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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24
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Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an affective disorder that is harmful to both physical and mental health. Abnormal self-knowledge, which refers to abnormal judgments about oneself, is a core symptom of depression. However, little research has summarized how and why patients with MDD differ from healthy individuals in terms of self-knowledge. Objective: To gain a better understanding of MDD, we reviewed previous studies that focused on the behavioral and neurological changes of self-knowledge in this illness. Main Findings: On the behavioral level, depressed individuals exhibited negative self-knowledge in an explicit way, while more heterogeneous patterns were reported in implicit results. On the neurological level, depressed individuals, as compared with non-depressed controls, showed abnormal self-referential processing in both early perception and higher cognitive processing phases during the Self-Referential Encoding Task. Furthermore, fMRI studies have reported aberrant activity in the medial prefrontal cortex area for negative self-related items in depression. These results revealed several behavioral features and brain mechanisms underlying abnormal self-knowledge in depression. Future Studies: The neural mechanism of implicit self-knowledge in MDD remains unclear. Future research should examine the importance of others' attitudes on the self-concept of individuals with MDD, and whether abnormal self-views may be modified through cognitive or pharmacological approaches. In addition, differences in abnormal self-knowledge due to genetic variation between depressed and non-depressed populations remain unconfirmed. Importantly, it remains unknown whether abnormal self-knowledge could be used as a specific marker to distinguish healthy individuals from those with MDD. Conclusion: This review extends our understanding of the relationship between self-knowledge and depression by indicating several abnormalities among individuals with MDD and those who are at risk for this illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue Lou
- College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Center for Neurogenetics, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Lei
- College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Neurogenetics, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Mei
- College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Neurogenetics, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
| | - Paavo H T Leppänen
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Hong Li
- College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Neurogenetics, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China
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25
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Abstract
Annular pancreas is a rare congenital condition in which tissue from the head of the pancreas partially or completely surrounds the second part of the duodenum. This condition has a variable clinical presentation in adults and children. Radiologists should be aware of the imaging findings in adults as an annular pancreas can be overlooked or misdiagnosed in this patient population. In this case report we describe an adult patient with pancreatitis associated with the computed tomography findings of a complete annular pancreas and discuss additional imaging techniques and findings for differential diagnoses of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sam Huddleston
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Andrew W Dyer
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Memphis Radiological PC, Germantown, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Radiology, Methodist Le Bonheur Healthcare, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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26
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Wilson C, Wang BH, Iwanaga J, Patel A, Bentley J, Tubbs RS, Patel AS. Left Internal Carotid Artery Arising from the Right Cavernous Internal Carotid Artery: A Case Report. Cureus 2017; 9:e1807. [PMID: 29308335 PMCID: PMC5749946 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anatomical variations involving the internal carotid artery are uncommon. Herein, we present a very rare origin of the internal carotid artery. An adult female presented to the emergency department after falling. Imaging revealed that the left internal carotid artery arose from the contralateral cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery. Such a variation should be kept in mind by radiologists and surgeons who interpret and operate in this area, respectively.
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27
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Yu X, Zhang J, Wu Z, Liu M, Chen R, Gu Y, Li M, Yao Z. LUMBAR syndrome: A case manifesting as cutaneous infantile hemangiomas of the lower extremity, perineum and gluteal region, and a review of published work. J Dermatol 2017; 44:808-812. [PMID: 28191659 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a rare case of LUMBAR syndrome. A 1-month-old female infant presented with extensive segmental hemangiomas on the left lower extremity, left perineum and gluteal region with ulceration. Bilateral labia minoras were asymmetrical. Both legs were asymmetrical with left leg atrophy, and the intergluteal cleft was deviated. A dark red pustule and a sacrococcygeal dimple could be seen in the lumbosacral region. Lipomyelomeningocele, tethered cord and sacrum dysplasia were noted by magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was found to have an absent left kidney at 32 weeks of pregnancy. Eventually, we draw the diagnosis of LUMBAR syndrome. In addition, we discuss the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and pathogenesis by a review of published work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruhong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Yao
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Abstract
Breast cancer is the first in incidence and the second in death among all solid tumors occurring in women. The identification of molecular genetic abnormalities in breast cancer is important to improve the results of treatment. In the present study, we analyzed microarray data of breast cancer expression profiling (NCBI GEO database, accession
GSE65194), focusing on Na
+/K
+-ATPase coding genes. We found overexpression of the
ATP1A1 and down-regulation of the
ATP1A2. We expect that our research could help to improve the understanding of predictive and prognostic features of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Bogdanov
- St Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,The Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russian Federation
| | - Fedor Moiseenko
- St Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Michael Dubina
- St Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Practical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care (Oncologic), St-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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29
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Womble MR, Bullard SA. Ocular anomaly in Atlantic midshipman Porichthys plectrodon (Batrachoidiformes: Batrachoididae) from the Mississippi Canyon, north-central Gulf of Mexico. J Fish Biol 2016; 88:794-799. [PMID: 26660952 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The first record of an ocular anomaly in Atlantic midshipman Porichthys plectrodon (Batrachoidiformes: Batrachoididae) is reported from a specimen captured in the Mississippi Canyon. The anomalous specimen was bilaterally anophthalmic and the nape and dorsum were darkly pigmented but alizarin staining and histology revealed a complete eye embedded within the cranium beneath a markedly thickened dermal component of the cornea, along with seemingly minor elaboration of the choroid rete between the cornea and lens. Aetiology is indeterminate and beyond the scope of the study materials but barotrauma, infectious disease and previous wounding are doubtful.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Womble
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, U.S.A
| | - S A Bullard
- Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, U.S.A
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30
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Lee-Montero I, Navarro A, Negrín-Báez D, Zamorano MJ, Borrell Pichs YJ, Berbel C, Sánchez JA, García-Celdran M, Manchado M, Estévez A, Armero E, Afonso JM. Genetic parameters and genotype-environment interactions for skeleton deformities and growth traits at different ages on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) in four Spanish regions. Anim Genet 2015; 46:164-74. [PMID: 25662001 DOI: 10.1111/age.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important problems of fish aquaculture is the high incidence of fish deformities, which are mainly skeletal. In this study, genetic parameters on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) for skeleton deformities at different ages (179, 269, 389, 539 and 689 days) and their correlations with growth traits were estimated, as were as their genotype × environment interactions (G × E) at harvesting age. A total of 4093 offspring from the mass spawning of three industrial broodstocks belonging to the PROGENSA(®) breeding programme were mixed and on-grown by different production systems in four Spanish regions: Canary Islands (tanks and cage), Andalusia (estuary), Catalonia (cage) and Murcia (cage). Parental assignment was inferred using the standardized SMsa1 microsatellite multiplex PCR. From three broodstocks, 139 breeders contributed to the spawn and a total of 297 full-sibling families (52 paternal and 53 maternal half-sibling families) were represented. Heritabilities at different ages were medium for growth traits (0.16-0.48) and vertebral deformities (0.16-0.41), and low for any type of deformity (0.07-0.26), head deformities (0.00-0.05) and lack of operculum (0.06-0.11). The genetic correlations between growth and deformity traits were medium and positive, suggesting that to avoid increasing deformities they should be taken into account in breeding programmes when growth is selected. The G × E interactions among the different facilities were weak for length and deformity and strong for growth rate during this period. These results highlight the potential for the gilthead seabream industry to reduce the prevalence of deformities by genetic improvement tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lee-Montero
- Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), Carretera Trasmontaña s/n, 35413, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain; Centro Acuícola y Pesquero de Investigación Aplicada (CAPIA), Universidad Santo Tomás, Buena Vecindad 101, Puerto Montt, Chile
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31
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Escobar-Sánchez O, Moreno-Sánchez XG, Aguilar-Cruz CA, Abitia-Cárdenas LA. First case of synophthalmia and albinism in the Pacific angel shark Squatina californica. J Fish Biol 2014; 85:494-501. [PMID: 24919845 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The first record in Mexican waters of albinism and synophthalmia (partial cyclopia) in the Pacific angel shark, Squatina californica is presented. Albinism is not lethal, but synophthalmia may cause the death of the individual immediately after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Escobar-Sánchez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Mazatlán, Calle Corsario 1, No. 203, Col. Urías, A.P. 757, Mazatlán 82070, Sinaloa, México
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32
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Hume JB, Bean CW, Adams CE. Morphological abnormalities in a population of Lampetra planeri, with a short review of petromyzontid teratologies. J Fish Biol 2014; 84:1614-1619. [PMID: 24773546 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Reported here are several deviations (n = 15; 1·96%) from typical morphology in a large sample (n = 767) of European brook lamprey Lampetra planeri from a single population in the Loch Lomond catchment; this includes one specimen bearing a true anal fin. A brief review of petromyzontid teratology is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Hume
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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33
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Boglino A, Wishkerman A, Darias MJ, Andree KB, de la Iglesia P, Estévez A, Gisbert E. High dietary arachidonic acid levels affect the process of eye migration and head shape in pseudoalbino Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis early juveniles. J Fish Biol 2013; 83:1302-1320. [PMID: 24580667 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of high dietary levels of arachidonic acid (ARA) on the eye migration and cranial bone remodelling processes in Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis early juveniles (age: 50 days post hatch) was evaluated by means of geometric morphometric analysis and alizarin red staining of cranial skeletal elements. The incidence of normally pigmented fish fed the control diet was 99·1 ± 0·3% (mean ± s.e.), whereas it was only 18·7 ± 7·5% for those fed high levels of ARA (ARA-H). The frequency of cranial deformities was significantly higher in fish fed ARA-H (95·1 ± 1·5%) than in those fed the control diet (1·9 ± 1·9%). Cranial deformities were significantly and negatively correlated with the incidence of normally pigmented animals (r² = -0·88, P < 0·001, n = 16). Thus, fish displaying pigmentary disorders differed in the position of their eyes with regard to the vertebral column and mouth axes, and by the interocular distance and head height, which were shorter than in fish not displaying pigmentary disorders. In addition to changes in the positioning of both eyes, pseudoalbino fish showed some ARA-induced osteological differences for some of the skeletal elements from the splanchnocranium (e.g. right premaxillary, dentary, angular, lacrimal, ceratohyal and branchiostegal rays) and neurocranium (e.g. sphenotic, left lateral ethmoid and left frontal) by comparison to normally pigmented specimens. Pseudoalbino fish also had teeth in both lower and upper jaws. This is the first study in Pleuronectiformes that describes impaired metamorphic relocation of the ocular side eye, the right eye in the case of S. senegalensis, whereas the left eye migrated into the ocular side almost normally.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boglino
- IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (SCR), Ctra. Poble Nou km 5,5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
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34
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Pineda RG, Tjoeng H, Vavasseur C, Kidokoro H, Neil J, Inder T. Patterns of altered neurobehavior in preterm infants within the neonatal intensive care unit. J Pediatr 2013; 162:470-476.e1. [PMID: 23036482 PMCID: PMC3582758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate differences in neurobehavior between preterm infants at term and full-term infants, changes in neurobehavior between 34 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and term equivalent in the preterm infant, and the relationship of neurobehavior to perinatal exposures. STUDY DESIGN In this prospective cohort study, 75 infants were tested at 34 weeks PMA and again at term using the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale. Infants underwent magnetic resonance imaging at term equivalent. Regression was used to investigate differences in the scale's domains of function across time and in relation to perinatal exposures. RESULTS At term equivalent, preterm infants exhibited altered behavior compared with full-term infants, with poorer orientation (P < .001), lower tolerance of handling (P < .001), lower self-regulation (P < .001), poorer reflexes (P < .001), more stress (P < .001), hypertonicity (P < .001), hypotonia (P < .001), and more excitability (P = .007). Preterm infants from 34 weeks PMA to term equivalent, demonstrated changes in motor functions with declining quality of movement (P = .006), increasing hypertonia (P < .001), decreasing hypotonia (P = .001), and changes in behavior with increasing arousal (P < .001), increasing excitability (P < .001), and decreasing lethargy (P < .001). Cerebral injury was associated with more excitability (P = .002). However, no associations were detected between any of the perinatal exposures and developmental change from 34 weeks PMA to term equivalent. CONCLUSION Preterm infants have altered neurobehavior in a broad number of domains at term equivalent. Cerebral injury alters neurobehavior but does not appear to impair early neurobehavioral changes. Important neurobehavioral changes occur before term, and this provides an opportunity for interventions in the neonatal intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta G. Pineda
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Han Tjoeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Claudine Vavasseur
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Kidokoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeffrey Neil
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Terrie Inder
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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35
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Reeves MK, Dolph CL, Zimmer H, Tjeerdema RS, Trust KA. Road proximity increases risk of skeletal abnormalities in wood frogs from National Wildlife Refuges in Alaska. Environ Health Perspect 2008; 116:1009-1014. [PMID: 18709167 PMCID: PMC2516587 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2007] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal and eye abnormalities in amphibians are not well understood, and they appear to be increasing while global populations decline. Here, we present the first study of amphibian abnormalities in Alaska. OBJECTIVE In this study we investigated the relationship between anthropogenic influences and the probability of skeletal and eye abnormalities in Alaskan wood frogs (Rana sylvatica). METHODS From 2000 to 2006, we examined 9,269 metamorphic wood frogs from 86 breeding sites on five National Wildlife Refuges: Arctic, Innoko, Kenai, Tetlin, and Yukon Delta. Using road proximity as a proxy for human development, we tested relationships between skeletal and eye abnormalities and anthropogenic effects. We also examined a subsample of 458 frogs for the trematode parasite Ribeiroia ondatrae, a known cause of amphibian limb abnormalities. RESULTS Prevalence of skeletal and eye abnormalities at Alaskan refuges ranged from 1.5% to 7.9% and were as high as 20% at individual breeding sites. Proximity to roads increased the risk of skeletal abnormalities (p = 0.004) but not eye abnormalities. The only significant predictor of eye abnormalities was year sampled (p = 0.006). R. ondatrae was not detected in any Alaskan wood frogs. CONCLUSIONS Abnormality prevalence at road-accessible sites in the Kenai and Tetlin refuges is among the highest reported in the published literature. Proximity to roads is positively correlated with risk of skeletal abnormalities in Alaskan wood frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari K Reeves
- US Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage Fisheries and Ecological Services Office, Anchorage, Alaska 99501, USA.
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