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Zhao A, Wang Y, Jia N, Lu F, Pan C, Wu F, Cao Q, Li X, Wang X, Wang S, He W, Zeng Q, Huang H, Han J, Li M. Mosaic GJB2 mutations in widespread porokeratotic adnexal ostial nevus: Report of two patients. J Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38292003 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Porokeratotic adnexal ostial nevus (PAON) is a rare adnexal hamartoma characterized by keratotic papules following Blaschko's lines, typically located on the unilateral distal extremities. Cutaneous somatic GJB2 mutations have been linked to the pathogenesis of PAON. However, the genetic mechanism underlying bilateral or extended forms, which are less documented, remains unknown. In this study, we presented two cases of PAON with widespread cutaneous lesions and scalp involvement, and demonstrated the presence of GJB2 mosaic mutations in both patients. We further investigated the mosaic frequency in different tissues to gain insights into the mutation events contributing to the phenotype of widespread PAON. Our findings suggest that early postzygotic mutation causing mosaic GJB2 mutations may contribute to the widespread phenotype of PAON, thereby enriching the disease spectrum and mutation profile of PAON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Jia
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangqi Lu
- School of Medicine, Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaolan Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoyu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shucui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haisheng Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwen Han
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang J, Xu Q, Deng D. Genetic and phenotypic diversities of nevus spilus phenotypes: Case series and a proposed diagnostic algorithm. Clin Genet 2023; 104:593-597. [PMID: 37501405 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nevus spilus (NS) is composed of multiple types that characterized by a congenital hyperpigmented patch within variable even superimposed lesions originating from melanocytic lineage cells. The molecular mechanism and classification of diverse NS phenotypes remain unclear. Five children with a phenotype of NS were genotyped by the panel based on next-generation sequencing in this study. DNA from biopsies, blood samples and hair follicle were sequenced to confirm the presence of a somatic mutation. Sequencing results indicated somatic mutation in the gene of NRAS or HRAS in all biopsies from the nevi, and the pathogenic variants were not detected in the samples of blood and hair follicle. This study successfully identified the somatic mutation in five unrelated children with diverse NS phenotypes. Moreover, it provided typical images and differential diagnoses between variable NS phenotypes in clinical, pathological, and genetic features, and first proposed a clinical diagnostic algorithm that contributed to simplifying and optimizing the diagnoses and management of these overlapped diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyue Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Belosevic A, Minder AE, Gueuning M, van Breemen F, Thun GA, Mattle-Greminger MP, Meyer S, Baumer A, Minder EI, Schneider-Yin X, Barman-Aksözen J. First Report of a Low-Frequency Mosaic Mutation in the Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase Gene Causing Acute Intermittent Porphyria. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1889. [PMID: 37763293 PMCID: PMC10533070 DOI: 10.3390/life13091889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute porphyrias are a group of monogenetic inborn errors of heme biosynthesis, characterized by acute and potentially life-threatening neurovisceral attacks upon exposure to certain triggering factors. Biochemical analyses can determine the type of acute porphyria, and subsequent genetic analysis allows for the identification of pathogenic variants in the specific gene, which provides information for family counselling. In 2017, a male Swiss patient was diagnosed with an acute porphyria while suffering from an acute attack. The pattern of porphyrin metabolite excretion in urine, faeces, and plasma was typical for an acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), which is caused by inherited autosomal dominant mutations in the gene for hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), the third enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. However, the measurement of HMBS enzymatic activity in the erythrocytes was within the normal range and Sanger sequencing of the HMBS gene failed to detect any pathogenic variants. To explore the molecular basis of the apparent AIP in this patient, we performed third-generation long-read single-molecule sequencing (nanopore sequencing) on a PCR product spanning the entire HMBS gene, including the intronic sequences. We identified a known pathogenic variant, c.77G>A, p.(Arg26His), in exon 3 at an allelic frequency of ~22% in the patient's blood. The absence of the pathogenic variant in the DNA of the parents and the results of additional confirmatory studies supported the presence of a de novo mosaic mutation. To our knowledge, such a mutation has not been previously described in any acute porphyria. Therefore, de novo mosaic mutations should be considered as potential causes of acute porphyrias when no pathogenic genetic variant can be identified through routine molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Belosevic
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Elisabeth Minder
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Porphyria and Clinical Nutrition, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Reference Centre for Porphyrias, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Morgan Gueuning
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Franziska van Breemen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Reference Centre for Porphyrias, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gian Andri Thun
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Maja P. Mattle-Greminger
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Baumer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zürich, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth I. Minder
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Porphyria and Clinical Nutrition, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Reference Centre for Porphyrias, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoye Schneider-Yin
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Reference Centre for Porphyrias, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Barman-Aksözen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Reference Centre for Porphyrias, Stadtspital Zürich, Triemli, 8063 Zurich, Switzerland
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Shimizu K, Fujita H, Fujisawa D, Hayama K, Aoki S, Kubo A, Terui T. Case of type 1 segmental Darier's disease with a novel mosaic mutation in the ATP2A2 gene. J Dermatol 2023; 50:e240-e242. [PMID: 36890674 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Shimizu
- Division of Cutaneous Science, Department of Dermatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujita
- Division of Cutaneous Science, Department of Dermatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujisawa
- Division of Cutaneous Science, Department of Dermatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koremasa Hayama
- Division of Cutaneous Science, Department of Dermatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiharu Kubo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadashi Terui
- Division of Cutaneous Science, Department of Dermatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Lagarde A, Le Collen L, Boulagnon C, Brixi H, Durlach A, Mougel G, Cuny T, Delemer B, Barlier A, Romanet P. Early Detection of Relapse by ctDNA Sequencing in a Patient with Metastatic Thymic Tumor and MEN1 Mosaicism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e4154-e4158. [PMID: 35904487 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by inactivating mutations in the MEN1 gene. In the literature, few cases of MEN1 have been reported because of mosaic MEN1 mutations. OBJECTIVE We performed an extensive molecular characterization in several lesions and blood samples, including plasmatic circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) in an exceptional case of a patient with MEN1 mosaicism causing primary hyperparathyroidism, multiple pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and a metastatic thymic NET. METHODS Blood, ccfDNA and multiple tissue analysis were performed by next-generation sequencing. RESULTS MEN1 mosaicism was confirmed by multiple tissue analysis. Somatic analysis of the largest pancreatic NET revealed the same MEN1 second-hit mutation as found in the thymic lesion, demonstrating its metastatic origin from the thymic lesion. Moreover, in ccfDNA we found the mosaic MEN1 mutation but also the somatic second-hit mutation found in the thymic primary tumor, revealing the presence of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). After surgical removal of the pancreatic metastasis, the mutated fraction of both mutations decreased, before increasing again several weeks before a new clinical relapse, suggesting that thymic ctDNA may be used as an early tumor biomarker. CONCLUSION This exceptional MEN1 case highlighted (1) the importance of looking for MEN1 mosaicism, (2) that MEN1 mosaicism can cause very aggressive disease, and (3) the interest in analyzing ccfDNA for confirming MEN1 mosaicism but also as a potential tumor biomarker for NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Lagarde
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hospital La Conception Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
| | - Lauriane Le Collen
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetology, University of Reims , Reims, France
- Inserm/CNRS UMR 1283/8199, Institut Pasteur de Lille , EGID, Lille, France
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Reims , Reims, France
| | - Camille Boulagnon
- Biopathology Laboratory, Pôle de Biologie Territorial, CHU de Reims, 51092 Reims, France
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), CNRS, UMR 7369 MEDyC, Reims, France
| | - Hedia Brixi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Anne Durlach
- Biopathology Laboratory, Pôle de Biologie Territorial, CHU de Reims, 51092 Reims, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Grégory Mougel
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hospital La Conception Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Cuny
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hospital La Conception Department of endocrinology, Marseille, France
| | - Brigitte Delemer
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetology, University of Reims , Reims, France
| | - Anne Barlier
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hospital La Conception Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Romanet
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hospital La Conception Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
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Ura H, Togi S, Niida Y. Dual Deep Sequencing Improves the Accuracy of Low-Frequency Somatic Mutation Detection in Cancer Gene Panel Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3530. [PMID: 32429412 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer gene panel testing requires accurate detection of somatic mosaic mutations, as the test sample consists of a mixture of cancer cells and normal cells; each minor clone in the tumor also has different somatic mutations. Several studies have shown that the different types of software used for variant calling for next generation sequencing (NGS) can detect low-frequency somatic mutations. However, the accuracy of these somatic variant callers is unknown. We performed cancer gene panel testing in duplicate experiments using three different high-fidelity DNA polymerases in pre-capture amplification steps and analyzed by three different variant callers, Strelka2, Mutect2, and LoFreq. We selected six somatic variants that were detected in both experiments with more than two polymerases and by at least one variant caller. Among them, five single nucleotide variants were verified by CEL nuclease-mediated heteroduplex incision with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining (CHIPS) and Sanger sequencing. In silico analysis indicated that the FBXW7 and MAP3K1 missense mutations cause damage at the protein level. Comparing three somatic variant callers, we found that Strelka2 detected more variants than Mutect2 and LoFreq. We conclude that dual sequencing with Strelka2 analysis is useful for detection of accurate somatic mutations in cancer gene panel testing.
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Ma T, Liu Y, Zhao X, Wu J, Wang H, Chen J, Liu P, Zhang X, Zhang X. A novel mutation of MSX1 inherited from maternal mosaicism causes a severely affected child with nonsyndromic oligodontia. Ann Hum Genet 2019; 84:97-101. [PMID: 31469409 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of MSX1 have been associated with nonsyndromic hypodontia. To seek the causal gene mutation sites in a family with nonsyndromic oligodontia, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to seek the causative locus of the family. The candidate mutation was further identified by Sanger sequencing afterward. Two mutations of MSX1 were found both in the proband and her mother. One novel heterozygous missense mutation (c.C667G, p.R223G) of MSX1 inherited from the asymptomatic mother with mosaic mutation was located in the highly conserved fragment of exon 2. The other was a synonymous mutation (c.C348T, p.G116G) in exon 1, which had been reported. The novel maternal heterozygous missense mutation (c.C667G, p.R223G) was likely to be the major reason for nonsyndromic oligodontia in the family. This is the first mosaic variant that has been recorded of the MSX1 gene. Our study expands the phenotype-genotype correlation associated with MSX1 variants. Our study also suggests that the determination of the mosaicism is essential for precise genetic counseling if a disease appears to arise de novo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Ma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
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Romanet P, Philibert P, Fina F, Cuny T, Roche C, Ouafik L, Paris F, Reynaud R, Barlier A. Using Digital Droplet Polymerase Chain Reaction to Detect the Mosaic GNAS Mutations in Whole Blood DNA or Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Fibrous Dysplasia and McCune-Albright Syndrome. J Pediatr 2019; 205:281-285.e4. [PMID: 30442414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The GNAS postzygotic mosaic activating mutations involved in fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) are not detectable in leukocytes by Sanger sequencing. Digital droplet polymerase chain reaction detects GNAS mutations in 7 of 12 patients (58.3%) suspected to have fibrous dysplasia/MAS from whole blood DNA, and in 4 of 5 patients (80%) from circulating cell-free DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Romanet
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hôpital de la Conception, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France.
| | - Pascal Philibert
- Département de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier and Institut de Génétique Humaine, UMR 9002 CNRS-Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Fina
- APHM, Unit of Technology Development, Laboratory of Medical Biology, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Cuny
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hôpital de la Conception, Department of Endocrinology APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Roche
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hôpital de la Conception, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
| | - L'houcine Ouafik
- Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INP UMR7259, Department of Biologic Oncology, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Paris
- CHU Montpellier, Molecular Biology Department, Montpellier; endocrinologie pédiatrique CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve Montpellier, France
| | - Rachel Reynaud
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hôpital La Timone Enfants, Pediatric Department, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Barlier
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hôpital de la Conception, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Marseille, France
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Asoglu MR, Higgs A, Esin S, Kaplan J, Turan S. The importance of prenatal 3-dimensional sonography in a case of a segmental overgrowth syndrome with unclear chromosomal microarray results. J Clin Ultrasound 2018; 46:351-354. [PMID: 29023778 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum, caused by mosaic mutations in the PIK3CA gene, is associated with regional or generalized asymmetric overgrowth of the body or a body part in addition to other clinical findings. Three-dimensional ultrasonography (3-D US) has the capability to display structural abnormalities in soft tissues or other organs, thereby facilitating identification of segmental overgrowth lesions. We present a case suspected of having a segmental overgrowth disorder based on 3-D US, whose chromosomal microarray result was abnormal, but apparently was not the cause of the majority of the fetus's clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Resit Asoglu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amanda Higgs
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sertac Esin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Julie Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sifa Turan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Trubicka J, Filipek I, Iwanowski P, Rydzanicz M, Grajkowska W, Piekutowska-Abramczuk D, Chrzanowska K, Karkucińska-Więckowska A, Iwanicka-Pronicka K, Pronicki M, Łastowska M, Płoski R, Dembowska-Bagińska B. Constitutional mosaicism of a de novo TP53 mutation in a patient with bilateral choroid plexus carcinoma. Cancer Genet 2017; 216-217:79-85. [PMID: 29025599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) constitute 2%-5% of all pediatric brain tumors and include high grade choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC). About 40% of CPC patients harbor germline TP53 mutations, associated with diminished survival rates. However, the number of TP53 carriers might be underestimated due to suboptimal ability of Sanger sequencing to identify mosaicism. We describe an 18-month-old boy with ultra-rare, bilateral disseminated CPC and negative family history of cancer. Next generation sequencing (NGS) revealed constitutional mosaicism of de novo TP53 mutation, which was barely detectable by Sanger sequencing. This is the first description of a de novo TP53 mutation mosaicism in a patient with CPC. Up to now four cases of de novo TP53 mutations in CPC patients have been described but none of them were mosaic. Since TP53 mutation mosaicism may have an impact on management of patients and predisposition to other cancers, a reliable method of identification is important. Our results highlight the utility of high-throughput technologies in detection of potentially important genetic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Trubicka
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Filipek
- Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Iwanowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rydzanicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, 02-103 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesława Grajkowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Maciej Pronicki
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Łastowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, 02-103 Warsaw, Poland.
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Bayram Y, White JJ, Elcioglu N, Cho MT, Zadeh N, Gedikbasi A, Palanduz S, Ozturk S, Cefle K, Kasapcopur O, Coban Akdemir Z, Pehlivan D, Begtrup A, Carvalho CM, Paine IS, Mentes A, Bektas-Kayhan K, Karaca E, Jhangiani SN, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Lupski JR, Lupski JR. REST Final-Exon-Truncating Mutations Cause Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 101:149-156. [PMID: 28686854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is the most common genetic form of gingival fibromatosis that develops as a slowly progressive, benign, localized or generalized enlargement of keratinized gingiva. HGF is a genetically heterogeneous disorder and can be transmitted either as an autosomal-dominant or autosomal-recessive trait or appear sporadically. To date, four loci (2p22.1, 2p23.3-p22.3, 5q13-q22, and 11p15) have been mapped to autosomes and one gene (SOS1) has been associated with the HGF trait observed to segregate in a dominant inheritance pattern. Here we report 11 individuals with HGF from three unrelated families. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed three different truncating mutations including two frameshifts and one nonsense variant in RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) in the probands from all families and further genetic and genomic analyses confirmed the WES-identified findings. REST is a transcriptional repressor that is expressed throughout the body; it has different roles in different cellular contexts, such as oncogenic and tumor-suppressor functions and hematopoietic and cardiac differentiation. Here we show the consequences of germline final-exon-truncating mutations in REST for organismal development and the association with the HGF phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Yu X, Zhang J, Wu Z, Liu M, Chen R, Gu Y, Li M, Yao Z. LUMBAR syndrome: A case manifesting as cutaneous infantile hemangiomas of the lower extremity, perineum and gluteal region, and a review of published work. J Dermatol 2017; 44:808-812. [PMID: 28191659 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a rare case of LUMBAR syndrome. A 1-month-old female infant presented with extensive segmental hemangiomas on the left lower extremity, left perineum and gluteal region with ulceration. Bilateral labia minoras were asymmetrical. Both legs were asymmetrical with left leg atrophy, and the intergluteal cleft was deviated. A dark red pustule and a sacrococcygeal dimple could be seen in the lumbosacral region. Lipomyelomeningocele, tethered cord and sacrum dysplasia were noted by magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was found to have an absent left kidney at 32 weeks of pregnancy. Eventually, we draw the diagnosis of LUMBAR syndrome. In addition, we discuss the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and pathogenesis by a review of published work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruhong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Yao
- Department of Dermatology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Baurand A, Falcon-Eicher S, Laurent G, Villain E, Bonnet C, Thauvin-Robinet C, Jacquot C, Eicher JC, Gourraud JB, Schmitt S, Bézieau S, Giraud M, Dumont S, Kuentz P, Probst V, Burguet A, Kyndt F, Faivre L. Incomplete Timothy syndrome secondary to a mosaic mutation of the CACNA1C gene diagnosed using next-generation sequencing. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:531-536. [PMID: 27868338 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant genetic diseases can occur de novo and in the form of somatic mosaicism, which can give rise to a less severe phenotype, and make diagnosis more difficult given the sensitivity limits of the methods used. We report the case of female child with a history of surgery for syndactyly of the hands and feet, who was admitted at 6 years of age to a pediatric intensive care unit following cardiac arrest. The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a long QT interval that on occasions reached 500 ms. Despite the absence of facial dysmorphism and the presence of normal psychomotor development, a diagnosis of Timothy syndrome was made given the association of syndactyly and the ECG features. Sanger sequencing of the CACNA1C gene, followed by sequencing of the genes KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNE1, KCNE2, were negative. The subsequent analysis of a panel of genes responsible for hereditary cardiac rhythm disorders using Haloplex technology revealed a recurrent mosaic p.Gly406Arg missense mutation of the CACNA1C gene in 18% of the cells. This mosaicism can explain the negative Sanger analysis and the less complete phenotype in this patient. Given the other cases in the literature, mosaic mutations in Timothy syndrome appear more common than previously thought. This case demonstrates the importance of using next-generation sequencing to identify mosaic mutations when the clinical picture supports a specific mutation that is not identified using conventional testing. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Baurand
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares-Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Sylvie Falcon-Eicher
- Cardiologie Pédiatrique, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Cardiologie et Centre de Compétence des Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque Héréditaires, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Gabriel Laurent
- Cardiologie et Centre de Compétence des Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque Héréditaires, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Elisabeth Villain
- Cardiologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Bonnet
- Cardiologie Pédiatrique, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Cardiologie et Centre de Compétence des Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque Héréditaires, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares-Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Jacquot
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares-Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Eicher
- Cardiologie et Centre de Compétence des Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque Héréditaires, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Solenne Dumont
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- EA4271, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Vincent Probst
- Institut du Thorax, INSERM U1087, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Florence Kyndt
- Institut du Thorax, INSERM U1087, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares-Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,Cardiologie et Centre de Compétence des Troubles du Rythme Cardiaque Héréditaires, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France.,EA4271, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
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Chen Z, Moran K, Richards-Yutz J, Toorens E, Gerhart D, Ganguly T, Shields CL, Ganguly A. Enhanced sensitivity for detection of low-level germline mosaic RB1 mutations in sporadic retinoblastoma cases using deep semiconductor sequencing. Hum Mutat 2013; 35:384-91. [PMID: 24282159 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic retinoblastoma (RB) is caused by de novo mutations in the RB1 gene. Often, these mutations are present as mosaic mutations that cannot be detected by Sanger sequencing. Next-generation deep sequencing allows unambiguous detection of the mosaic mutations in lymphocyte DNA. Deep sequencing of the RB1 gene on lymphocyte DNA from 20 bilateral and 70 unilateral RB cases was performed, where Sanger sequencing excluded the presence of mutations. The individual exons of the RB1 gene from each sample were amplified, pooled, ligated to barcoded adapters, and sequenced using semiconductor sequencing on an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine. Six low-level mosaic mutations were identified in bilateral RB and four in unilateral RB cases. The incidence of low-level mosaic mutation was estimated to be 30% and 6%, respectively, in sporadic bilateral and unilateral RB cases, previously classified as mutation negative. The frequency of point mutations detectable in lymphocyte DNA increased from 96% to 97% for bilateral RB and from 13% to 18% for unilateral RB. The use of deep sequencing technology increased the sensitivity of the detection of low-level germline mosaic mutations in the RB1 gene. This finding has significant implications for improved clinical diagnosis, genetic counseling, surveillance, and management of RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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