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Pandya R, Zhou Y, Desai M, Anderson N, Elsensohn A. Post-Pemphigus Acanthomata Presenting as an Isolated, Hyperkeratotic Plaque. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2023; 10:86-90. [PMID: 36810570 PMCID: PMC9944895 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology10010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-pemphigus acanthomas have been rarely discussed in the literature. A prior case series identified 47 cases of pemphigus vulgaris and 5 cases of pemphigus foliaceus, out of which 13 developed acanthomata as a part of the healing process. Additionally, a case report by Ohashi et al. reported similar recalcitrant lesions on the trunk of a patient with pemphigus foliaceus being treated with prednisolone, IVIG, plasma exchange, and cyclosporine. Some view post-pemphigus acanthomas as variants of hypertrophic pemphigus vulgaris, being difficult to diagnose when they present as only single lesions, with a clinical differential of an inflamed seborrheic keratosis or squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we present a case of a 52-year-old female with a history of pemphigus vulgaris and four months of only topical therapy (fluocinonide 0.05%) who presented with a painful, hyperkeratotic plaque on the right mid-back that was found to be a post-pemphigus acanthoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachita Pandya
- California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA
| | - Yanjia Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Mansee Desai
- Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Nancy Anderson
- Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Ashley Elsensohn
- Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-558-2167
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Day T, Scurry J, Haqshenas G, Murray G, Tran H, Dennerstein G, Garland SM. The Clinicopathologic Challenge of Nonneoplastic Vulvar Acanthosis. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2022; 26:265-270. [PMID: 35543596 PMCID: PMC9232284 DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0000000000000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate clinicopathologic features of cases demonstrating an acanthotic tissue reaction not clearly consistent with psoriasis, lichen simplex chronicus, mycosis, or condyloma. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective pathologic case series of biopsies reported as "benign acanthotic lesion" and "acanthotic tissue reaction" that lacked a clear diagnosis on expert review. Cases with nuclear atypia were excluded. Clinical and histopathologic data were collected, immunohistochemistry for p16 and p53 were obtained, and molecular testing for 28 common anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes was undertaken. RESULTS There were 17 cases with a median age of 47 years. Unilaterality and medial location were clinical reasons for diagnostic difficulty. Histopathologic uncertainty often related to lack of papillary dermal fibrosis to support lichen simplex chronicus or psoriasiform lesions without parakeratosis, subcorneal pustules, and/or mycotic elements. Firm pathologic diagnoses were not possible, but 3 groups emerged: favoring chronic dermatitis, favoring psoriasis, and unusual morphologies. p16 results were negative or nonblock positive while p53 was normal or basal overexpressed. Human papillomavirus testing was negative in 12, low positive for HPV 16 in 1, unassessable in 3, and not requested in 1. CONCLUSIONS There is a group of acanthotic tissue reactions that cannot be classified with standard histopathologic assessment. Further clinicopathologic research into unilateral acanthotic lesions may provide insight into separation of psoriasis and mycosis when organisms are absent. Once nuclear atypia is excluded, immunohistochemistry for p16 and p53 and HPV molecular testing do not assist in diagnostic identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Day
- Maternity and Gynaecology, John Hunter Hospital, Lambton Heights, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - James Scurry
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, Australia
| | - Gholamreza Haqshenas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gerald Murray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hong Tran
- Vulvar Disorders and Dermatology Clinic, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Suzanne M. Garland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Toyama S, Moniaga CS, Nakae S, Kurosawa M, Ogawa H, Tominaga M, Takamori K. Regulatory T Cells Exhibit Interleukin-33-Dependent Migratory Behavior during Skin Barrier Disruption. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147443. [PMID: 34299063 PMCID: PMC8304226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress immune responses and maintain immunological self-tolerance and homeostasis. We currently investigated relationships between skin barrier condition and Treg behavior using skin barrier-disrupted mice. Skin barrier disruption was induced by repeated topical application of 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on mice. The number of CD4+ forkhead box protein P3 (Foxp3)+ Tregs was higher in 4% SDS-treated skins than in controls. This increasing was correlated with the degree of acanthosis. The numbers of interleukin (IL)-10+ and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β+ Tregs also increased in 4% SDS-treated skins. Localization of IL-33 in keratinocytes shifted from nucleus to cytoplasm after skin barrier disruption. Notably, IL-33 promoted the migration of Tregs in chemotaxis assay. The skin infiltration of Tregs was cancelled in IL-33 neutralizing antibody-treated mice and IL-33 knockout mice. Thus, keratinocyte-derived IL-33 may induce Treg migration into barrier-disrupted skin to control the phase transition between healthy and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumika Toyama
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (C.S.M.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Catharina Sagita Moniaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (C.S.M.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan;
| | - Masaru Kurosawa
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (C.S.M.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (C.S.M.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Mitsutoshi Tominaga
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (C.S.M.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (M.T.)
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Juntendo Itch Research Center (JIRC), Institute for Environmental and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan; (S.T.); (C.S.M.); (M.K.); (H.O.); (M.T.)
- Department of Dermatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, 2-1-1 Tomioka, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-47-353-3171; Fax: +81-47-353-3178
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Iwata H, Haga N, Ujiie H. Possible role of epiregulin from dermal fibroblasts in the keratinocyte hyperproliferation of psoriasis. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1433-1438. [PMID: 34128258 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis, an immune-mediated inflammatory disease, is characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-23, and IL-17A play critical roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. IL-17A secreted by T-helper 17 acts more directly against keratinocytes than TNF-α or IL-23 do. Regarding the receptors of cytokines, fibroblasts also express receptors against IL-17A and TNF-α, and induce the production of growth factors. Epiregulin (EREG), an epidermal growth factor receptor ligand, is produced by both keratinocytes and fibroblasts. EREG enhances keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. We hypothesized that fibroblasts stimulated with IL-17A and/or TNF-α may play a role in epidermal hyperproliferation through the production of epidermal growth factors in psoriasis. The mRNA expression of EREG was found to be significantly upregulated by co-stimulation with IL-17A and TNF-α (mean, 49.2-fold). Furthermore, the stimulation with TNF-α alone, but not IL-17A alone, induced significant increases. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that the protein expression level of EREG was also increased in fibroblasts stimulated with these cytokines. Stimulation with EREG significantly enhanced keratinocyte proliferation in vitro. In human psoriatic patients' skin, immunofluorescence staining of EREG showed significantly high intensity in the dermis of lesional skin. In conclusion, cytokine stimulation with TNF-α and IL-17A induces the overexpression of EREG from dermal fibroblasts in the lesional skin of psoriasis, and plays a role in epidermal hyperproliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Iwata
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Haga
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ujiie
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Gutierrez N, Calame A, Erickson C, Cohen PR. Atrophic Dermatofibroma: A Unique Dermatofibroma Variant. Cureus 2021; 13:e14570. [PMID: 34035995 PMCID: PMC8136451 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatofibromas are benign skin tumors with several variants, including the rare, uncommonly described atrophic dermatofibroma. To the best of our knowledge, there are currently 105 reported cases of atrophic dermatofibromas in the literature. This variant typically presents as a flat or depressed macule whose color can range from brown to white to red; in contrast to classic dermatofibromas that typically occur on the legs, atrophic dermatofibromas have a tendency to occur on the upper back and arms. An atrophic dermatofibroma can be clinically diagnosed; however, given the broad spectrum of clinical features of this lesion, a biopsy may be required. Characteristic pathologic features include epidermal acanthosis, basilar hyperpigmentation, fibroblast hyperplasia, and decreased or absent elastic fibers within the lesion. The pathogenesis of this lesion is not yet fully understood; however, it has been postulated that the loss of elastic fibers plays a key role in its development and characteristic atrophic appearance. We present the cases of two men with biopsy-confirmed atrophic dermatofibromas: a 47-year-old man with a pigmented macule on the right upper back and a 68-year-old man with an erythematous patch on the left posterolateral shoulder. The clinical and pathologic features of atrophic dermatofibromas are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Gutierrez
- General Practice, 1st Marine Division, 1st Combat Engineer Battalion, Camp Pendleton, USA
| | - Antoanella Calame
- Dermatology/Dermatopathology, Compass Dermatopathology, San Diego, USA.,Dermatology, Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Philip R Cohen
- Dermatology, San Diego Family Dermatology, National City, USA
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Suihko C, Serup J. Fluorescent fibre-optic confocal characterization of in vivo epidermal changes in atopic eczema. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:529-536. [PMID: 31900995 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Fibre-optic confocal imaging (FOCI) allows non-invasive visualization of live skin in vivo. A contrast agent, a fluorophore, is injected into the dermis. FOCI images are horizontal optical sections with cellular resolution. The aim was to study in vivo epidermal changes and the cellular structure of keratinocytes in moderate to severe atopic eczema (AE). METHODS Eight patients with AE with active lesions on the forearms were studied and compared to a control group of six healthy individuals, and two cases of AE without activity. Fluorescein sodium was used as fluorophore. A hand-held fibre-optic laser scanner (Stratum® ) was used. The study included morphometric analyses. RESULTS The confocal in vivo images identified characteristic features of epidermis and keratinocytes in active AE vs healthy skin controls. FOCI could non-invasively image acanthosis, spongiosis, and parakeratosis in AE. Epidermal oedema and micro-vesicles were visualized. Morphometry based on FOCI demonstrated 14% increased width of keratinocytes of atopic skin vs healthy controls. The epidermal structures and organization in distinctive cell layers were deviant as a result of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Fibre-optic confocal imaging can visualize essential epidermal structures of atopic eczema directly in vivo, in real-time, and with cellular resolution thus without disturbing the natural state of the skin. FOCI is primarily a research tool, but with a potential to become used in the clinic for non-invasive microscopic diagnosis of AE and monitoring of effect of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Suihko
- Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jørgen Serup
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is an endocrine disorder diagnosed commonly in young women. Various cutaneous manifestations can include acanthosis nigricans, acne, hirsutism, and alopecia. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is a rare skin condition that may be associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome. The etiology of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is not yet well established but multiple theories exist regarding its pathogenesis. We describe a woman with established polycystic ovarian syndrome who presented with confluent and reticulated papillomatosis; her skin condition was successfully treated with azithromycin. The clinical features, differential diagnosis, epidemiology, and proposed etiologies for confluent and reticulated papillomatosis are discussed as well as possible treatment options. Among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, confluent and reticulated papillomatosis and acanthosis nigricans can occur concurrently. Additionally, it is possible that confluent and reticulated papillomatosis occurs more commonly in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Basu
- Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Philip R Cohen
- Dermatology, San Diego Family Dermatology, San Diego, USA
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Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a troublesome, chronic inflammatory disease that affects over 10% of the adult population, causing decreased quality of life, lost productivity, and lost time at work and leading to more than a million surgical interventions annually worldwide. The nose, paranasal sinuses, and associated lymphoid tissues play important roles in homeostasis and immunity, and CRS significantly impairs these normal functions. Pathogenic mechanisms of CRS have recently become the focus of intense investigations worldwide, and significant progress has been made. The two main forms of CRS that have been long recognized, with and without nasal polyps, are each now known to be heterogeneous, based on underlying mechanism, geographical location, and race. Loss of the immune barrier, including increased permeability of mucosal epithelium and reduced production of important antimicrobial substances and responses, is a common feature of many forms of CRS. One form of CRS with polyps found worldwide is driven by the cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 coming from Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, and probably mast cells. Type 2 cytokines activate inflammatory cells that are implicated in the pathogenic mechanism, including mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils. New classes of biological drugs that block the production or action of these cytokines are making important inroads toward new treatment paradigms in polypoid CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Schleimer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611;
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of acanthosis nigricans (AN) on depression symptoms, related quality of life and self-esteem scores in obese adolescent girls. METHODS Fifty-nine obese adolescent girls (mean age: 13.19±1.3 years, age range: 12-17 years, mean body mass index: 29.89±3.30) were enrolled in this study. The obese adolescent girls were divided into two groups based on presence or absence of AN. Non-obese healthy adolescents constituted the control group (30 girls, mean age: 13.5±1.4 years). All subjects were evaluated using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C), and the modified Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES). Higher scores indicated more severe depression and anxiety, as well as low self-esteem status. RESULTS The AN and non-AN obese groups showed significantly higher CDI, STAI-C and SES scores than the control group, and the two obese groups demonstrated no significant differences for these scores. The AN obese group with higher total testosterone levels (>50 ng/dL) had higher scores for SES (2.55±1.8 vs. 1.42±1.2; p=0.03) than the AN obese group with low total testosterone levels. SES scores significantly correlated with total testosterone levels (r=0.362; p=0.03) and fasting insulin (r=0.462; p=0.03) in the AN obese group. CONCLUSION Higher SES scores (low self-esteem status) were determined in obese adolescents with acanthosis and were related to hyperandrogenism. This study also showed that a high testosterone level may be one of the important indicators of low self-esteem status in obese girls with AN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Pirgon
- Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Isparta, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Gonca Sandal
- Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Cem Gökçen
- Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Bilgin
- Konya Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Konya, Turkey
| | - Bumin Dündar
- Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Izmir, Turkey
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Wang SM, Hsieh YJ, Chang KM, Tsai HL, Chen CP. Schimmelpenning syndrome: a case report and literature review. Pediatr Neonatol 2014; 55:487-90. [PMID: 23597534 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of a male newborn with Schimmelpenning syndrome, which presented as diffuse sebaceous nevi covering the left side of the body, from the lower chin midface to the lower leg; cardiac-ocular comorbidities were also present. We present photographs of this patient's sebaceous nevi, which may assist physicians in the early diagnosis of this condition and prevent unnecessary examinations and inadequate therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwu-Meei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Dermatology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ming Chang
- Department of Pathology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ling Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Mitsuishi M, Oshikata T, Kumabe S, Kobayashi A, Katoku K, Kanno T, Hamamura M, Tsuchitani M. Histological dermal changes caused by preparation and application procedures in percutaneous dose toxicity studies in dogs, rabbits and rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 28:1-9. [PMID: 26023255 PMCID: PMC4337493 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2014-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We reevaluated histological slides of dorsal skin in control animals from past percutaneous dose toxicity studies using dogs, rabbits and rats to provide background data concerning histological changes related to preparation and application procedures and vehicles or embrocations of every variety. Acanthosis, dermal or perifollicular inflammatory cell infiltration in dogs; hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration or hemorrhage in rabbits; and acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration, crust or foreign body granuloma in rats were present as procedure-related underlying histological changes in the control animals. Four mechanical acts, (1) rubbing with gauze to remove an administered substance for reapplication, (2) use of a taut bandage to avoid slipping from the application site, (3) peeling a patch off as a preparation procedure for reapplication, and (4) clipping or shaving, were considered to cause injury to the skin. The degree of influence of the various application procedures was found to be as follows: sham, lotion < cream < ointment and tape in dogs; untreated control, sham < lotion < tape and poultice in rabbits; and sham, sodium carboxymethylcellulose < olive oil and lotion < ointment and tape in rats. The degree of ointment influence on rabbits is equivocal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Mitsuishi
- Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto-shi, Kumamoto 869-0425, Japan
| | - Takafumi Oshikata
- Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto-shi, Kumamoto 869-0425, Japan
| | - Shino Kumabe
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 14-1 Sunayama, Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki 314-0255, Japan
| | - Azusa Kobayashi
- Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto-shi, Kumamoto 869-0425, Japan
| | - Koshiro Katoku
- Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto-shi, Kumamoto 869-0425, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kanno
- Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto-shi, Kumamoto 869-0425, Japan
| | - Masao Hamamura
- Kumamoto Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 1285 Kurisaki-machi, Uto-shi, Kumamoto 869-0425, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuchitani
- Kashima Laboratory, Nonclinical Research Center, LSI Medience Corporation, 14-1 Sunayama, Kamisu-shi, Ibaraki 314-0255, Japan
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Soboleva A, Sobolev V, Bruskin S, Mezentsev A. Three-dimensional model of mouse epidermis for experimental studies of psoriasis. Acta Naturae 2013; 5:110-7. [PMID: 24455190 PMCID: PMC3890996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional models of skin and epidermis imitate the structure of real tissues and provide accurate information about certain skin conditions, such as psoriasis. A three-dimensional model of mouse epidermis was generated from the epidermal keratinocytes of newborn mice and treated with cytokines. The aim of this study was to evaluate this model as an experimental model of psoriasis and to assess the changes occurring in its structure and gene expression after the exposure to proinflammatory cytokines. Treatment of the three-dimensional model with either interleukin 17 or a combination of tumor necrosis factor and interferon γ was shown to produce morphological changes, which were similar to acanthosis in psoriatic skin. The observed changes in gene expression of metalloproteinases and certain psoriasis biomarkers, such as mki67, krt16 and fosl1, were similar to the changes in patients' skin. Notably, changes caused by interleukin 17 were less evident than those caused by the combination of interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor. On the contrary, HaCaT cells exhibited no significant changes in the expression of fosl1 and had decreased levels of mki67 after being treated with a combination of TNF and IFNG. Moreover, treatment with IL17 had no significant effect on krt16 and mki67 expression and even reduced the fosl1 levels. The findings suggest that artificially generated three-dimensional models of murine skin can be used to study psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.G. Soboleva
- Federal Non-profit Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - V.V. Sobolev
- Federal Non-profit Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - S.A. Bruskin
- Federal Non-profit Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - A.V. Mezentsev
- Federal Non-profit Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow 119991, Russia
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