1
|
Zheng L, Dang Z, Ding D, Liu Z, Dai Y, Lu J, Fang Z. Electron-Induced Chirality-Selective Routing of Valley Photons via Metallic Nanostructure. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2204908. [PMID: 36877955 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Valleytronics in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides has raised a great impact in nanophotonic information processing and transport as it provides the pseudospin degree of freedom for carrier control. The imbalance of carrier occupation in inequivalent valleys can be achieved by external stimulations such as helical light and electric field. With metasurfaces, it is feasible to separate the valley exciton in real space and momentum space, which is significant for logical nanophotonic circuits. However, the control of valley-separated far-field emission by a single nanostructure is rarely reported, despite the fact that it is crucial for subwavelength research of valley-dependent directional emission. Here, it is demonstrated that the electron beam permits the chirality-selective routing of valley photons in a monolayer WS2 with Au nanostructures. The electron beam can locally excite valley excitons and regulate the coupling between excitons and nanostructures, hence controlling the interference effect of multipolar electric modes in nanostructures. Therefore, the separation degree can be modified by steering the electron beam, exhibiting the capability of subwavelength control of valley separation. This work provides a novel method to create and resolve the variation of valley emission distribution in momentum space, paving the way for the design of future nanophotonic integrated devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liheng Zheng
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Dang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Ding
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Dai
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Lu
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park KW, Son KW, Ju CH, Jeong K. Decomposed Entropy and Estimation of Output Power in Deformed Microcavity Lasers. Entropy (Basel) 2022; 24:1737. [PMID: 36554142 PMCID: PMC9777739 DOI: 10.3390/e24121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Park et al. showed that the Shannon entropy of the probability distribution of a single random variable for far-field profiles (FFPs) in deformed microcavity lasers can efficiently measure the directionality of deformed microcavity lasers. In this study, we instead consider two random variables of FFPs with joint probability distributions and introduce the decomposed (Shannon) entropy for the peak intensities of directional emissions. This provides a new foundation such that the decomposed entropy can estimate the degree of the output power at given FFPs without any further information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Won Park
- Research Institute of Mathematics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Wook Son
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Ju
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kabgyun Jeong
- Research Institute of Mathematics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muscarella L, Cordaro A, Krause G, Pal D, Grimaldi G, Antony LSD, Langhorst D, Callies A, Bläsi B, Höhn O, Koenderink AF, Polman A, Ehrler B. Nanopatterning of Perovskite Thin Films for Enhanced and Directional Light Emission. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:38067-38076. [PMID: 35943781 PMCID: PMC9412957 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites offer excellent properties for lighting and display applications. Nanopatterning perovskite films could enable perovskite-based devices with designer properties, increasing their performance and adding novel functionalities. We demonstrate the potential of nanopatterning for achieving light emission of a perovskite film into a specific angular range by introducing periodic sol-gel structures between the injection and emissive layer by using substrate conformal imprint lithography (SCIL). Structural and optical characterization reveals that the emission is funnelled into a well-defined angular range by optical resonances, while the emission wavelength and the structural properties of the perovskite film are preserved. The results demonstrate a flexible and scalable approach to the patterning of perovskite layers, paving the way toward perovskite LEDs with designer angular emission patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loreta
A. Muscarella
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Cordaro
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute
of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georg Krause
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debapriya Pal
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gianluca Grimaldi
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cavendish
Laboratory, Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Langhorst
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrian Callies
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstraße 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Bläsi
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstraße 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Höhn
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstraße 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A. Femius Koenderink
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute
of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Polman
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Ehrler
- Center
for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian J, Adamo G, Liu H, Klein M, Han S, Liu H, Soci C. Optical Rashba Effect in a Light-Emitting Perovskite Metasurface. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2109157. [PMID: 35045198 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Rashba effect, i.e., the splitting of electronic spin-polarized bands in the momentum space of a crystal with broken inversion symmetry, has enabled the realization of spin-orbitronic devices, in which spins are manipulated by spin-orbit coupling. In optics, where the helicity of light polarization represents the spin degree of freedom for spin-momentum coupling, the optical Rashba effect is manifested by the splitting of optical states with opposite chirality in the momentum space. Previous realizations of the optical Rashba effect relied on passive devices determining the surface plasmon or light propagation inside nanostructures, or the directional emission of chiral luminescence when hybridized with light-emitting media. An active device underpinned by the optical Rashba effect is demonstrated here, in which a monolithic halide perovskite metasurface emits highly directional chiral photoluminescence. An all-dielectric metasurface design with broken in-plane inversion symmetry is directly embossed into the high-refractive-index, light-emitting perovskite film, yielding a degree of circular polarization of photoluminescence of 60% at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Tian
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Giorgio Adamo
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Hailong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Maciej Klein
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Song Han
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Cesare Soci
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Grimm P, Zeißner S, Rödel M, Wiegand S, Hammer S, Emmerling M, Schatz E, Kullock R, Pflaum J, Hecht B. Color-Switchable Subwavelength Organic Light-Emitting Antennas. Nano Lett 2022; 22:1032-1038. [PMID: 35001635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Future photonic devices require efficient, multifunctional, electrically driven light sources with directional emission properties and subwavelength dimensions. Electrically driven plasmonic nanoantennas have been demonstrated as enabling technology. Here, we present the concept of a nanoscale organic light-emitting antenna (OLEA) as a color- and directionality-switchable point source. The device consists of laterally arranged electrically contacted gold nanoantennas with their gap filled by the organic semiconductor zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc). Since ZnPc shows preferred hole conduction in combination with gold, the recombination zone relocates depending on the polarity of the applied voltage and couples selectively to either of the two antennas. Thereby, the emission characteristics of the device also depend on polarity. Contrary to large-area OLEDs where recombination at metal contacts significantly contributes to losses, our ultracompact OLEA structures facilitate efficient radiation into the far-field rendering transparent electrodes obsolete. We envision OLEA structures to serve as wavelength-scale pixels with tunable color and directionality for advanced display applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Grimm
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeißner
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rödel
- Experimentelle Physik 6, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Simon Wiegand
- Experimentelle Physik 6, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hammer
- Experimentelle Physik 6, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Monika Emmerling
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Enno Schatz
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - René Kullock
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Pflaum
- Experimentelle Physik 6, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bert Hecht
- Nano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimentelle Physik 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abudayyeh H, Mildner A, Liran D, Lubotzky B, Lüder L, Fleischer M, Rapaport R. Overcoming the Rate-Directionality Trade-off: A Room-Temperature Ultrabright Quantum Light Source. ACS Nano 2021; 15:17384-17391. [PMID: 34664938 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Deterministic GHz-rate single photon sources at room temperature would be essential components for various quantum applications. However, both the slow intrinsic decay rate and the omnidirectional emission of typical quantum emitters are two obstacles toward achieving such a goal which are hard to overcome simultaneously. Here, we solve this challenge by a hybrid approach using a complex monolithic photonic resonator constructed of a gold nanocone responsible for the rate enhancement, enclosed by a circular Bragg antenna for emission directionality. A repeatable process accurately binds quantum dots to the tip of the antenna-embedded nanocone. As a result, we achieve simultaneous 20-fold emission rate enhancement and record-high directionality leading to an increase in the observed brightness by a factor as large as 800 (130) into an NA = 0.22(0.5). We project that these miniaturized on-chip devices can reach photon rates approaching 1.4 × 108 photons/s and pure single photon rates of >107 photons/second after temporal purification processes, thus enabling ultrafast light-matter interfaces for quantum technologies at ambient conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Abudayyeh
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Annika Mildner
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Dror Liran
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Boaz Lubotzky
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Lars Lüder
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Monika Fleischer
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ronen Rapaport
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
- The Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The use of spin waves (SWs) as data carriers in spintronic and magnonic logic devices offers operation at low power consumption, free of Joule heating. Nevertheless, the controlled emission and propagation of SWs in magnetic materials remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose that skyrmion-antiskyrmion bilayers form topological charge dipoles and act as efficient sub-100 nm SW emitters when excited by in-plane ac magnetic fields. The propagating SWs have a preferred radiation direction, with clear dipole signatures in their radiation pattern, suggesting that the bilayer forms a SW antenna. Bilayers with the same topological charge radiate SWs with spiral and antispiral spatial profiles, enlarging the class of SW patterns. We demonstrate that the characteristics of the emitted SWs are linked to the topology of the source, allowing for full control of the SW features, including their amplitude, preferred direction of propagation, and wavelength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián A Díaz
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tomoki Hirosawa
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daniel Loss
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christina Psaroudaki
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hoang TX, Ha ST, Pan Z, Phua WK, Paniagua-Domínguez R, Png CE, Chu HS, Kuznetsov AI. Collective Mie Resonances for Directional On-Chip Nanolasers. Nano Lett 2020; 20:5655-5661. [PMID: 32603127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient nanocavity formed by optically coupled nanostructures is achieved by optimization of the collective Mie resonances in a one-dimensional array of semiconductor nanoparticles. Analysis of quasi-normal multipole modes enables us to reveal the close relation between the collective Mie resonances and Van Hove singularities. On the basis of these concepts, we experimentally demonstrate a directional GaAs nanolaser at cryogenic temperatures with well-defined, in-plane emission, which, moreover, can be controlled by selective excitation. The lasing threshold is shown to be significantly reduced by optimizing the interparticle gap such that the optimal near-field confinement is achieved at a resonant wavelength corresponding to the highest gain of GaAs. We show that the lasing performance of this nanolaser is orders of magnitude better than a nanowire-based laser of the same dimensions. The present work provides design guidelines for high performance in-plane emission nanolasers, which may find applications in future photonic integrated circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Xuan Hoang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138632
| | - Son Tung Ha
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634
| | - Zhenying Pan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634
| | - Wee Kee Phua
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138632
| | - Ramón Paniagua-Domínguez
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634
| | - Ching Eng Png
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138632
| | - Hong-Son Chu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138632
| | - Arseniy I Kuznetsov
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138634
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dong E, Zhang Y, Song Z, Zhang T, Cai C, Fang NX. Physical modeling and validation of porpoises' directional emission via hybrid metamaterials. Natl Sci Rev 2019; 6:921-928. [PMID: 34691953 PMCID: PMC8291406 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In wave physics and engineering, directional emission sets a fundamental limitation on conventional simple sources as their sizes should be sufficiently larger than their wavelength. Artificial metamaterial and animal biosonar both show potential in overcoming this limitation. Existing metamaterials arranged in periodic microstructures face great challenges in realizing complex and multiphase biosonar structures. Here, we proposed a physical directional emission model to bridge the gap between porpoises' biosonar and artificial metamaterial. Inspired by the anatomical and physical properties of the porpoise's biosonar transmission system, we fabricated a hybrid metamaterial system composed of multiple composite structures. We validated that the hybrid metamaterial significantly increased directivity and main lobe energy over a broad bandwidth both numerically and experimentally. The device displayed efficiency in detecting underwater target and suppressing false target jamming. The metamaterial-based physical model may be helpful to achieve the physical mechanisms of porpoise biosonar detection and has diverse applications in underwater acoustic sensing, ultrasound scanning, and medical ultrasonography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erqian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhongchang Song
- Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.,Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | | | - Chen Cai
- Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Nicholas X Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sautter JD, Xu L, Miroshnichenko AE, Lysevych M, Volkovskaya I, Smirnova DA, Camacho-Morales R, Zangeneh Kamali K, Karouta F, Vora K, Tan HH, Kauranen M, Staude I, Jagadish C, Neshev DN, Rahmani M. Tailoring Second-Harmonic Emission from (111)-GaAs Nanoantennas. Nano Lett 2019; 19:3905-3911. [PMID: 31136193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) in resonant dielectric Mie-scattering nanoparticles has been hailed as a powerful platform for nonlinear light sources. While bulk-SHG is suppressed in elemental semiconductors, for example, silicon and germanium due to their centrosymmetry, the group of zincblende III-V compound semiconductors, especially (100)-grown AlGaAs and GaAs, have recently been presented as promising alternatives. However, major obstacles to push the technology toward practical applications are the limited control over directionality of the SH emission and especially zero forward/backward radiation, resulting from the peculiar nature of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility of this otherwise highly promising group of semiconductors. Furthermore, the generated SH signal for (100)-GaAs nanoparticles depends strongly on the polarization of the pump. In this work, we provide both theoretically and experimentally a solution to these problems by presenting the first SHG nanoantennas made from (111)-GaAs embedded in a low index material. These nanoantennas show superior forward directionality compared to their (100)-counterparts. Most importantly, based on the special symmetry of the crystalline structure, it is possible to manipulate the SHG radiation pattern of the nanoantennas by changing the pump polarization without affecting the linear properties and the total nonlinear conversion efficiency, hence paving the way for efficient and flexible nonlinear beam-shaping devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen D Sautter
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 Australia
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Engineering and Information Technology , University of New South Wales , Canberra , ACT 2600 , Australia
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology , University of New South Wales , Canberra , ACT 2600 , Australia
| | - Mykhaylo Lysevych
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Irina Volkovskaya
- Institute of Applied Physics , Russian Academy of Sciences , Nizhny Novgorod 603950 , Russia
| | - Daria A Smirnova
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Rocio Camacho-Morales
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Khosro Zangeneh Kamali
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Fouad Karouta
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Kaushal Vora
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Hoe H Tan
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Martti Kauranen
- Photonics Laboratory, Physics Unit , Tampere University , P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere , Finland
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Chennupati Jagadish
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 , Australia
| | - Dragomir N Neshev
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Mohsen Rahmani
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT 2601 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
See KM, Lin FC, Chen TY, Huang YX, Huang CH, Yeşilyurt ATM, Huang JS. Photoluminescence-Driven Broadband Transmitting Directional Optical Nanoantennas. Nano Lett 2018; 18:6002-6008. [PMID: 30142981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Optical nanoantennas mediate near and far optical fields. Operating a directional nanoantenna in transmitting mode is challenging because the antenna needs to be driven by a nanosized optical frequency generator, which must work at the antenna's resonance frequency and be precisely attached to the antenna's feed with correct polarization. Quantum emitters have been used as optical nanogenerators, but their precise positioning relative to the nanoantenna is technically challenging, setting up a barrier to the practical implementation. One unique source to drive nanoantenna is the photoluminescence from the material of the nanoantenna because the high operational frequency of the antenna reaches the regime for the electronic transitions in matter. Here, we exploit plasmon-modulated photoluminescence (PMPL) as an effective optical source to drive directional nanoantennas. We experimentally realize two technically challenging theoretical proposals, namely, an optical nanospectrometer based on Yagi-Uda nanoantennas and tunable broadband directional emission from log-periodic nanoantennas. Using photoluminescence from the nanoantenna as an optical source promotes practical implementation of transmitting optical nanoantennas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kel-Meng See
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Fan-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - You-Xin Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsien Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - A T Mina Yeşilyurt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein Straße 9 , 07745 Jena , Germany
| | - Jer-Shing Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein Straße 9 , 07745 Jena , Germany
- Research Center for Applied Sciences , Academia Sinica , 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road , Nankang District , Taipei 11529 , Taiwan
- Department of Electrophysics , National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Quantum emitters radiate light omni-directionally, making it hard to collect and use the generated photons. Here, we propose a three-dimensional metal-dielectric parabolic antenna surrounding an individual quantum dot as a source of collimated single photons, which can then be easily extracted and manipulated. Our fabrication method relies on a single optically induced polymerization step once the selected emitter has been localized by confocal microscopy. Compared to conventional nanoantennas, our geometry does not require near-field coupling, and it is, therefore, very robust against misalignment issues and minimally affected by absorption in the metal. The parabolic antenna provides one of the largest reported experimental directivities ( D = 106) and the lowest beam divergences (Θ1/2 = 13.5°) and a broadband operation over all of the visible and near-infrared range together with extraction efficiency of more than 96%, offering a practical advantage for quantum technological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergii Morozov
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Michele Gaio
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 80799 München , Germany
| | - Riccardo Sapienza
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gurunarayanan SP, Verellen N, Zharinov VS, James Shirley F, Moshchalkov VV, Heyns M, Van de Vondel J, Radu IP, Van Dorpe P. Electrically Driven Unidirectional Optical Nanoantennas. Nano Lett 2017; 17:7433-7439. [PMID: 29068692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Directional antennas revolutionized modern day telecommunication by enabling precise beaming of radio and microwave signals with minimal loss of energy. Similarly, directional optical nanoantennas are expected to pave the way toward on-chip wireless communication and information processing. Currently, on-chip integration of such antennas is hampered by their multielement design or the requirement of complicated excitation schemes. Here, we experimentally demonstrate electrical driving of in-plane tunneling nanoantennas to achieve broadband unidirectional emission of light. Far-field interference, as a result of the spectral overlap between the dipolar emission of the tunnel junction and the fundamental quadrupole-like resonance of the nanoantenna, gives rise to a directional radiation pattern. By tuning this overlap using the applied voltage, we record directivities as high as 5 dB. In addition to electrical tunability, we also demonstrate passive tunability of the directivity using the antenna geometry. These fully configurable electrically driven nanoantennas provide a simple way to direct optical energy on-chip using an extremely small device footprint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surya Prakash Gurunarayanan
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven , B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Niels Verellen
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vyacheslav S Zharinov
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Finub James Shirley
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Victor V Moshchalkov
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Heyns
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven , B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Van de Vondel
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Pol Van Dorpe
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- INPAC-Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tasolamprou AC, Koschny T, Kafesaki M, Soukoulis CM. Near-Infrared and Optical Beam Steering and Frequency Splitting in Air-Holes-in-Silicon Inverse Photonic Crystals. ACS Photonics 2017; 4:2782-2788. [PMID: 29541653 PMCID: PMC5840860 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We present the design of a dielectric inverse photonic crystal structure that couples line-defect waveguide propagating modes into highly directional beams of controllable directionality. The structure utilizes a triangular lattice made of air holes drilled in an infinitely thick Si slab, and it is designed for operation in the near-infrared and optical regime. The structure operation is based on the excitation and manipulation of dark dielectric surface states, in particular on the tailoring of the dark states' coupling to outgoing radiation. This coupling is achieved with the use of properly designed external corrugations. The structure adapts and matches modes that travel through the photonic crystal and the free space. Moreover it facilitates the steering of the outgoing waves, is found to generate well-defined, spatially and spectrally isolated beams, and may serve as a frequency splitting component designed for operation in the near-infrared regime and in particular the telecom optical wavelength band. The design complies with the state-of-the-art Si nanofabrication technology and can be directly scaled for operation in the optical regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna C. Tasolamprou
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- E-mail:
| | - Thomas Koschny
- Ames
Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Maria Kafesaki
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department
of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Costas M. Soukoulis
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, 71110, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Ames
Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peter M, Hildebrandt A, Schlickriede C, Gharib K, Zentgraf T, Förstner J, Linden S. Directional Emission from Dielectric Leaky-Wave Nanoantennas. Nano Lett 2017; 17:4178-4183. [PMID: 28617604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An important source of innovation in nanophotonics is the idea to scale down known radio wave technologies to the optical regime. One thoroughly investigated example of this approach are metallic nanoantennas which employ plasmonic resonances to couple localized emitters to selected far-field modes. While metals can be treated as perfect conductors in the microwave regime, their response becomes Drude-like at optical frequencies. Thus, plasmonic nanoantennas are inherently lossy. Moreover, their resonant nature requires precise control of the antenna geometry. A promising way to circumvent these problems is the use of broadband nanoantennas made from low-loss dielectric materials. Here, we report on highly directional emission from hybrid dielectric leaky-wave nanoantennas made of Hafnium dioxide nanostructures deposited on a glass substrate. Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots deposited in the nanoantenna feed gap serve as a local light source. The emission patterns of hybrid nanoantennas with different sizes are measured by Fourier imaging. We find for all antenna sizes a highly directional emission, underlining the broadband operation of our design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Peter
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn , 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Kimia Gharib
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn , 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan Linden
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn , 53113 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Park DJ, Ku JC, Sun L, Lethiec CM, Stern NP, Schatz GC, Mirkin CA. Directional emission from dye-functionalized plasmonic DNA superlattice microcavities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:457-61. [PMID: 28053232 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619802114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional plasmonic superlattice microcavities, made from programmable atom equivalents comprising gold nanoparticles functionalized with DNA, are used as a testbed to study directional light emission. DNA-guided nanoparticle colloidal crystallization allows for the formation of micrometer-scale single-crystal body-centered cubic gold nanoparticle superlattices, with dye molecules coupled to the DNA strands that link the particles together, in the form of a rhombic dodecahedron. Encapsulation in silica allows one to create robust architectures with the plasmonically active particles and dye molecules fixed in space. At the micrometer scale, the anisotropic rhombic dodecahedron crystal habit couples with photonic modes to give directional light emission. At the nanoscale, the interaction between the dye dipoles and surface plasmons can be finely tuned by coupling the dye molecules to specific sites of the DNA particle-linker strands, thereby modulating dye-nanoparticle distance (three different positions are studied). The ability to control dye position with subnanometer precision allows one to systematically tune plasmon-excition interaction strength and decay lifetime, the results of which have been supported by electrodynamics calculations that span length scales from nanometers to micrometers. The unique ability to control surface plasmon/exciton interactions within such superlattice microcavities will catalyze studies involving quantum optics, plasmon laser physics, strong coupling, and nonlinear phenomena.
Collapse
|
17
|
Verre R, Svedendahl M, Odebo Länk N, Yang ZJ, Zengin G, Antosiewicz TJ, Käll M. Directional Light Extinction and Emission in a Metasurface of Tilted Plasmonic Nanopillars. Nano Lett 2016; 16:98-104. [PMID: 26625299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic optical antennas and metamaterials with an ability to boost light-matter interactions for particular incidence or emission angles could find widespread use in solar harvesting, biophotonics, and in improving photon source performance at optical frequencies. However, directional plasmonic structures have generally large footprints or require complicated geometries and costly nanofabrication technologies. Here, we present a directional metasurface realized by breaking the out-of-plane symmetry of its individual elements: tilted subwavelength plasmonic gold nanopillars. Directionality is caused by the complex charge oscillation induced in each individual nanopillar, which essentially acts as a tilted dipole above a dielectric interface. The metasurface is homogeneous over a macroscopic area and it is fabricated by a combination of facile colloidal lithography and off-normal metal deposition. Fluorescence excitation and emission from dye molecules deposited on the metasurface is enhanced in specific directions determined by the tilt angle of the nanopillars. We envisage that these directional metasurfaces can be used as cost-effective substrates for surface-enhanced spectroscopies and a variety of nanophotonic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Verre
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M Svedendahl
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - N Odebo Länk
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Z J Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - G Zengin
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - T J Antosiewicz
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw , Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Käll
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology , 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ramezani M, Casadei A, Grzela G, Matteini F, Tütüncüoglu G, Rüffer D, Fontcuberta i Morral A, Gómez Rivas J. Hybrid Semiconductor Nanowire-Metallic Yagi-Uda Antennas. Nano Lett 2015; 15:4889-95. [PMID: 26086437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the directional emission of individual GaAs nanowires by coupling this emission to Yagi-Uda optical antennas. In particular, we have replaced the resonant metallic feed element of the nanoantenna by an individual nanowire and measured with the microscope the photoluminescence of the hybrid structure as a function of the emission angle by imaging the back focal plane of the objective. The precise tuning of the dimensions of the metallic elements of the nanoantenna leads to a strong variation of the directionality of the emission, being able to change this emission from backward to forward. We explain the mechanism leading to this directional emission by finite difference time domain simulations of the scattering efficiency of the antenna elements. These results cast the first step toward the realization of electrically driven optical Yagi-Uda antenna emitters based on semiconductors nanowires.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ramezani
- †Laboratoire des Matériaux Semiconducteurs, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- ‡Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF, c/o Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Casadei
- †Laboratoire des Matériaux Semiconducteurs, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Grzegorz Grzela
- ‡Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF, c/o Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Federico Matteini
- †Laboratoire des Matériaux Semiconducteurs, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gözde Tütüncüoglu
- †Laboratoire des Matériaux Semiconducteurs, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Rüffer
- †Laboratoire des Matériaux Semiconducteurs, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Fontcuberta i Morral
- †Laboratoire des Matériaux Semiconducteurs, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jaime Gómez Rivas
- ‡Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF, c/o Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- §COBRA Research Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Harats MG, Livneh N, Zaiats G, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Lifshitz E, Rapaport R. Full spectral and angular characterization of highly directional emission from nanocrystal quantum dots positioned on circular plasmonic lenses. Nano Lett 2014; 14:5766-71. [PMID: 25153365 DOI: 10.1021/nl502652k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We design a circular plasmonic lens for collimation of light emission from nanocrystal quantum dots at room temperature in the near IR spectral range. We implement a two-dimensional k-space imaging technique to obtain the full spectral-angular response of the surface plasmon resonance modes of the bare plasmonic lens. This method is also used to map the full spectral-angular emission from nanocrystal quantum dots positioned at the center of the circular plasmonic lens. A narrow directional emitting beam with a divergence angle of only ∼4.5° full width at half-maximum is achieved with a spectrally broad bandwidth of 30 nm. The spectrally resolved k-space imaging method allows us to get a direct comparison between the spectral-angular response of the resonant surface plasmon modes of the lens and the emission pattern of the quantum dots. This comparison gives a clear and detailed picture of the direct role of these resonant surface waves in directing the emission. The directional emission effect agrees well with calculations based on the coupled mode method. These results are a step toward fabricating an efficient room-temperature single photon source based on nanocrystal quantum dots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moshe G Harats
- Racah Institute of Physics and ‡The Department of Applied Physics, Selim and Rachel Benin School of Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gryczynski I, Malicka J, Gryczynski Z, Nowaczyk K, Lakowicz JR. Surface plasmon-coupled directional fluorescence emission. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng 2004; 5327:37-44. [PMID: 19738927 PMCID: PMC2737471 DOI: 10.1117/12.530048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Directional fluorescence emission of a sulforhodamine 101 in polyvinyl alcohol film has been observed from samples deposited on semi-transparent silver mirror. The fully p-polarized fluorescence emerges through the glass prism in form of hollow cone. The angle of this cone of emission depends on the thickness of the sample, and does not depend on the mode of excitation. The angular dependence of surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) on the sample thickness has been discussed as well as its relevance to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis.
Collapse
|