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Apostolopoulou A, Tranidou A, Chroni V, Tsakiridis I, Tsekitsidi E, Kalaitzopoulou I, Magriplis E, Bakaloudi D, Chrysoula L, Pazaras N, Dagklis T, Chourdakis M. Preconceptional micronutrient adequacy among women in Greece: a prospective epidemiological study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2024; 37:2343613. [PMID: 38637273 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2343613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of micronutrient intake during the preconceptional and early pregnancy period for both maternal and fetal outcomes is well-known, however, relevant data are not available for Greek pregnant women. The aim of the present study is to delineate the nutritional status preceding conception among a representative cohort of Greek pregnant women. METHODS This was a prospective study of pregnant women from routine care, recruited at 11+0-13+6 gestational weeks, between December 2020 and October 2022, at the 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. Eligible participants for the study included healthy pregnant women aged 20 years or older, possessing a proficient understanding of the Greek language, and not engaged in specific nutritional programs. A validated Food Frequency Questionnaire was applied to gather information regarding nutritional habits in the last 6 months prior to conception. The consumption of nutrients was compared to the reference intake levels suggested by the European Food Safety Authority. Further analyses between different participants' subgroups were performed. RESULTS Overall, 1100 pregnant women (mean age: 32.4 ± 4.9 years) were enrolled. Almost all examined micronutrients' intake was significantly different from dietary reference values. Furthermore, nutrient adequacy ratio was below 60% in 6 out of 22 micronutrients examined, and Mean Adequacy Ratio was 93%. However, Mean Adequacy Ratio is characterized by extreme variance between the examined values. Iodine, folic acid, potassium, and vitamin D intake levels were significantly lower than the recommended intake levels (p < .001 for all), while vitamin K and niacin (p < .001 for both) were consumed in great extent. Sodium median intake, without calculating extra salt addition also exceeded the reference value levels (p = .03). Notably, magnesium intake exceeded the upper safety limits in 12.4% of the sample. CONCLUSION Potential inadequacies in important micronutrients for uneventful pregnancy outcomes have been revealed.. Special attention is needed for magnesium to balance possible toxicity with evident benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Apostolopoulou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antigoni Tranidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Violeta Chroni
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsakiridis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eirini Tsekitsidi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioustini Kalaitzopoulou
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanuella Magriplis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Bakaloudi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lydia Chrysoula
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Pazaras
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Themistoklis Dagklis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Sezer FE, Alpat Yavaş İ, Saleki N, Bakırhan H, Pehlivan M. Diet quality and snack preferences of Turkish adolescents in private and public schools. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1365355. [PMID: 38496396 PMCID: PMC10940538 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Socioeconomic level is one of the important factors determining diet quality. Snack preferences are affected by socioeconomic level. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of socioeconomic levels on diet quality and snack preferences among adolescents from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Methods The study involved 118 adolescents aged between 10-18 years residing in Istanbul. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers was used to obtain information on the adolescents' dietary habits, consumption of main meals and snacks, habits, and food consumption records. The participants' food consumption was assessed using the retrospective 24-hour recall method, and diet quality was evaluated using the calculated nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR). Results The mean age of the adolescents was 16.42±0.89 years. The number of snacks consumed in private schools was found to be higher than in public schools (p < 0.05). The NAR score for vitamin C consumption was significantly higher in private schools compared to public schools (p < 0.05). Although the MAR scores of adolescents in private schools were higher than those in public schools, this difference was not statistically significant. The majority of adolescents in private schools regularly consumed fresh fruit (67.2%), milk (60.3%), yogurt (60.3%), and nuts (56.9%) as snacks. In contrast, 45% of adolescents in public schools regularly consumed pastries (p < 0.05). Discussion It was observed that adolescents studying in public schools had a lower tendency to prefer healthy foods for snacks compared to those in private schools. Socioeconomic level was identified as an important factor influencing eating habits during adolescence. Considering that the level of income is significantly different between the adolescents studying at private and public schools, the higher consumption of snacks by the adolescents studying at private school may be associated with higher income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Elif Sezer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - İdil Alpat Yavaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Neda Saleki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hande Bakırhan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Istiklal University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye
| | - Merve Pehlivan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Islam S, Jubayer A, Nayan MM, Islam MH, Nowar A. Assessment of nutrient adequacy and associated factors among lactating women of rural Bangladesh using observed intake: Findings from Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey 2018-2019. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:126-136. [PMID: 36655105 PMCID: PMC9834845 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactating women of low- and middle-income countries are prone to develop deficiencies in essential nutrients due to various demographic and socioeconomic components. This study aimed to estimate the adequacy of dietary intake and the determinants of diet quality of lactating women in rural Bangladesh. One-day dietary recall (24-Hour recall) data of 973 lactating women were obtained from the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) 2018-2019. Nutrient adequacy was determined using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-point approach. The molar ratios of phytate to zinc, calcium, and iron were calculated. Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) was calculated to measure diet quality, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the sociodemographic determinants of MAR. While the intakes of protein and carbohydrate were equal to/above the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) among most of the subjects, intakes of total energy and fat were below the reference intakes for 74.4% and 98.3%, respectively. Nutrient adequacy remained unmet for riboflavin, calcium, vitamin A, and folate among most (87.2%-97.6%) of the study population, and the mean (SD) MAR was 0.72 (0.12). Cereals were the major contributor of energy and B vitamins, while protein and iron mainly came from plant-based sources. The molar ratio of phytate to iron was greater than the critical limit among most respondents. Maternal Body Mass Index (BMI) (beta = 0.003, p = .014) and education level (beta = 0.017, p = .038) were associated with their diet quality. The diet of most lactating women in rural Bangladesh indicates the inadequacy of several micronutrients. This can lead to a worsening of the double burden of malnutrition in women. Lactating women should be given special consideration when designing food and nutrition programs for reproductive women in rural Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
| | - Ahmed Jubayer
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh,Bangladesh Institute of Social Research (BISR) TrustDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - Md. Hafizul Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
| | - Abira Nowar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh,National Heart FoundationDhakaBangladesh
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Kachurak A, Bailey RL, Davey A, Dabritz L, Fisher JO. Daily Snacking Occasions, Snack Size, and Snack Energy Density as Predictors of Diet Quality among US Children Aged 2 to 5 Years. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071440. [PMID: 31247959 PMCID: PMC6683020 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether snacks help young children meet nutritional needs or merely contribute to excessive intakes is debated. This research evaluated associations of snacking with dietary quality among US preschoolers (two to five years, n = 4217) in the 2005–2016 National Health Examination Survey (NHANES). Snacking occasions, size, and energy density (ED) were estimated from two 24-hr dietary recalls. Diet quality indices included the 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015, 0–100), the mean adequacy ratio (MAR, 0–100) for five shortfall nutrients (vitamin D, calcium, fiber, potassium, and iron), and the mean % of recommended limits for added sugars, saturated fat, and sodium. Linear regressions included snacking parameters, demographics, and dietary reporting accuracy. Children had a mean HEI-2015 of 53.0, a MAR of 67.7, and intake of 121.4% of nutrients to limit. Daily snacking occasions were positively associated with HEI-2015 scores, whereas mean snack size and ED were negatively associated with HEI-2015 and MAR scores (all p < 0.05). Snack ED was positively associated with daily intakes of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium (p < 0.001). These nationally representative findings reveal that more frequent, smaller, and less energy-dense snacks are associated with higher diet quality among US preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Kachurak
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Services, Purdue University, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Adam Davey
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, 016 Carpenter Sports Building, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Lauren Dabritz
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jennifer Orlet Fisher
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Onvani S, Mortazavi Najafabadi M, Haghighatdoost F, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Short sleep duration is related to kidney-related biomarkers, but not lipid profile and diet quality in diabetic nephropathy patients. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 88:39-49. [PMID: 31038033 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Diabetic nephropathy may adversely influence on sleep duration. The quality of diet may also be affected by both sleep duration and diabetes nephropathy. Therefore, lower diet quality in short sleepers-diabetic nephropathy patients might be related to higher metabolic abnormalities. In the present study, we investigated if sleep duration is related to diet quality indices and biochemical markers in diabetic nephropathy patients. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 237 diabetic nephropathy patients, randomly selected from patients attending in the Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Usual dietary intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality indices (including diet diversity score, dietary energy density, mean adequacy ratio, and nutrient adequacy ratio) were calculated based on standard definitions. Sleep duration was estimated using self-reported nocturnal hours of sleep. Results: Short sleepers (5-6 h) had higher blood urea nitrogen and creatinine compared with those who slept more than 7.5 h (20.26 + 0.23 mg/dl vs. 17.61 + 0.30 mg/dl, P < 0.0001, and 1.98 + 0.27 mg/dl vs. 1.90 + 0.24 mg/dl, P = 0.03, respectively). Serum triglyceride levels were positively correlated with sleep duration (P = 0.02). Diet quality indices were not significantly associated with sleep duration. Conclusion: Higher sleep duration is significantly related to lower kidney-related biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy patients. Diet quality indices were not associated with sleep duration in diabetic nephropathy patients. More longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the associations of sleep duration, diet quality and biochemical markers in diabetic nephropathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Onvani
- 1 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- 1 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- 4 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- 1 Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,2 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,5 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medicl Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,6 Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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