1
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Li H, Miao YQ, Suo LP, Wang X, Mao YQ, Zhang XH, Zhou N, Tian JR, Yu XY, Wang TX, Gao Y, Guo HY, Zhang Z, Ma DS, Wu HX, Cui YW, Zhang XL, Chi XC, Li YC, Irwin DM, Niu G, Tan HR. CD206 modulates the role of M2 macrophages in the origin of metastatic tumors. J Cancer 2024; 15:1462-1486. [PMID: 38356723 PMCID: PMC10861823 DOI: 10.7150/jca.91944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a key factor affecting the life of patients with malignant tumors. For the past hundred years, scientists have focused on how to kill cancer cells and inhibit their metastasis in vivo, but few breakthroughs have been made. Here we hypothesized a novel mode for cancer metastasis. We show that the phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells by macrophages leads to their polarization into the M2 phenotype, and that the expression of stem cell related as well as drug resistance related genes was induced. Therefore, it appears that M2 macrophages have "defected" and have been transformed into the initial "metastatic cancer cells", and thus are the source, at least in part, of the distal tissue tumor metastasis. This assumption is supported by the presence of fused cells with characteristics of both macrophage and tumor cell observed in the peripheral blood and ascites of patients with ovarian cancer. By eliminating the expression of CD206 in M2 macrophages using siRNA, we show that the growth and metastasis of tumors was suppressed using both in vitro cell line and with experimental in vivo mouse models. In summary, we show that M2 macrophages in the blood circulation underwent a "change of loyalty" to become "cancer cells" that transformed into distal tissue metastasis, which could be suppressed by the knockdown of CD206 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Qi Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ping Suo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Qing Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Na Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Rui Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Yan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-Xia Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Chun Chi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | | | - David M. Irwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gang Niu
- Beijing N&N Genetech Company, Beijing, China
| | - Huan-Ran Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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2
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Webb LM, Campian JL, Caron SJ, Roh M, Sener U. A Rare Case of Glioblastoma with Osseous Metastases. Can J Neurol Sci 2023:1-2. [PMID: 37485667 PMCID: PMC10805978 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2023.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michael Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ugur Sener
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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3
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Kanda Y, Kakutani K, Sakai Y, Miyazaki K, Matsuo T, Yurube T, Takeoka Y, Ohnishi H, Ryu M, Kumagai N, Kuroshima K, Hiranaka Y, Kawamoto T, Hara H, Hoshino Y, Hayashi S, Akisue T, Kuroda R. Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Metastatic Spine Tumors in the Very Elderly: A Prospective Cohort Study in a Super-Aged Society. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4747. [PMID: 37510862 PMCID: PMC10380659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of advanced-age patients with spinal metastases is rising. This study was performed to clarify the characteristics and surgical outcomes of spinal metastases in advanced-age patients. We prospectively analyzed 216 patients with spinal metastases from 2015 to 2020 and divided them into three age groups: <70 years (n = 119), 70-79 years (n = 73), and ≥80 years (n = 24). Although there were no significant intergroup differences in preoperative characteristics and surgery-related factors except for age, patients aged ≥80 years tended to have a worse performance status (PS), Barthel index, and EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) before and after surgery than the other two groups. Although the median PS, mean Barthel index and mean EQ-5D greatly improved postoperatively in each group, the median PS and mean Barthel index at 6 months and the mean EQ-5D at 1 month postoperatively were significantly poorer in the ≥80-year group than the 70-79-year group. The rates of postoperative complications and re-deterioration of the EQ-5D were significantly higher in the oldest group than in the other two groups. Although surgery for spinal metastases improved the PS, Barthel index, and EQ-5D regardless of age, clinicians should be aware of the poorer outcomes and higher complication rates in advanced-age patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Kanda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kakutani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Sakai
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Miyazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoya Matsuo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Yurube
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Takeoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohnishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masao Ryu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Kumagai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kohei Kuroshima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hiranaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Teruya Kawamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hoshino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akisue
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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4
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Thouvenin J, Van Marcke C, Decoster L, Raicevic G, Punie K, Vandenbulcke M, Salgado R, Van Valckenborgh E, Maes B, Joris S, Steichel DV, Vranken K, Jacobs S, Dedeurwaerdere F, Martens G, Devos H, Duhoux FP, Rasschaert M, Pauwels P, Geboes K, Collignon J, Tejpar S, Canon JL, Peeters M, Rutten A, Van de Mooter T, Vermeij J, Schrijvers D, Demey W, Lybaert W, Van Huysse J, Mebis J, Awada A, Claes KBM, Hebrant A, Van der Meulen J, Delafontaine B, Bempt IV, Maetens J, de Hemptinne M, Rottey S, Aftimos P, De Grève J. PRECISION: the Belgian molecular profiling program of metastatic cancer for clinical decision and treatment assignment. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100524. [PMID: 35970014 PMCID: PMC9434164 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PRECISION is an initiative from the Belgian Society of Medical Oncology (BSMO) in collaboration with several stakeholders, encompassing four programs that aim to boost genomic and clinical knowledge with the ultimate goal to offer patients with metastatic solid tumors molecularly guided treatments. The PRECISION 1 study has led to the creation of a clinico-genomic database. The Belgian Approach for Local Laboratory Extensive Tumor Testing (BALLETT) and GeNeo studies will increase the number of patients with advanced cancer that have comprehensive genotyping of their cancer. The PRECISION 2 project consists of investigator-initiated phase II studies aiming to provide access to a targeted drug for patients whose tumors harbor actionable mutations in case the matched drug is not available through reimbursement or clinical trials in Belgium.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thouvenin
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Medical Oncology, Lyon, France; Institut Jules Bordet, Medical Oncology Clinic, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - L Decoster
- UZ Brussel, Medical Oncology, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - K Punie
- KU Leuven University Hospitals Leuven, General Medical Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - R Salgado
- GasthuisZusters Antwerpen, Pathology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - B Maes
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Jessa Hospital Campus Virga Jesse, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - S Joris
- UZ Brussel, Medical Oncology, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - K Vranken
- Pediatric Oncology, WIV-ISP, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - G Martens
- Laboratoriumgeneeskunde, AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
| | - H Devos
- Laboratoriumgeneeskunde, AZ Sint-Jan, Bruges, Belgium
| | - F P Duhoux
- UCLouvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - M Rasschaert
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Medical Oncology, Antwerpen, Belgium; Medical Oncology, AZ Monica, Deurne, Belgium
| | - P Pauwels
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Pathology, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - K Geboes
- Division of Digestive Oncology, Department of Gastroenterology, UZ Gent, Gent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, UZ Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - J Collignon
- Medical Oncology, CHU de Liege - Hospital Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - J-L Canon
- Grand Hôpital de Charleroi Site Notre Dame, Service d'Oncologie-Hématologie, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - M Peeters
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Oncology, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - A Rutten
- GZA Ziekenhuizen Campus Sint-Vincentius, Medical Oncology, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - T Van de Mooter
- GZA Ziekenhuizen Campus Sint-Vincentius, Medical Oncology, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - J Vermeij
- ZNA Middelheim, Medical Oncology, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - W Demey
- AZ Klina, Medical Oncology, Brasschaat, Belgium
| | - W Lybaert
- GZA Ziekenhuizen Campus Sint-Vincentius, Medical Oncology, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - J Van Huysse
- AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende, Pathology, Brugge, Belgium
| | - J Mebis
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Jessa Hospital Campus Virga Jesse, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - A Awada
- Institut Jules Bordet, Medical Oncology Clinic, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Rottey
- Medical Oncology Department, UZ Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - P Aftimos
- Institut Jules Bordet, Medical Oncology Clinic, Anderlecht, Belgium
| | - J De Grève
- UZ Brussel, Medical Oncology, Brussels, Belgium.
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5
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Tan Y, Huang J, Li Y, Li S, Luo M, Luo J, Lee AW, Fu L, Hu F, Guan X. Near-Infrared Responsive Membrane Nanovesicles Amplify Homologous Targeting Delivery of Anti-PD Immunotherapy against Metastatic Tumors. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101496. [PMID: 34878725 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The major obstacles of anti-PD therapy in metastatic tumors are limited drug delivery in primary tumors and metastatic foci, and the lack of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Here, the authors constructed a novel cellular membrane nanovesicles platform (M/IR NPs) based on homologous targeting and near-infrared (NIR) responsive release strategy to potentiate PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy against metastatic tumors. In tumor-bearing mice, biomimetic M/IR NPs targeted both primary tumors and their lung metastases. Upon laser irradiation, M/IR NPs reduced cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor microenvironment, thus increasing the penetration of TILs. When shed from homologous tumor cell membranes, positively charged nanoparticles (IR NPs) core can capture released tumor-associated antigens, thereby enhancing the antigen-presenting ability of DCs to activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes. When the photothermal conversion temperature under NIR-laser is higher than 42 °C, M/IR NPs initiated the rupture of cell membranes and the responsive release of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor BMS, which significantly attenuated tumor-associated immunosuppression and synergistically induced T cellular immunity to inhibit the tumor growth and metastasis. Overall, biomimetic M/IR NPs can improve the targeting and therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD therapy in primary tumors and metastases, opening up a new avenue for the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Nan Tan
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053 China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jian‐Dong Huang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
- School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 00852 China
| | - Yong‐Peng Li
- Department of Urology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group) Shenzhen 518000 China
| | - Shan‐Shan Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053 China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053 China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 00852 China
| | - Anne Wing‐Mui Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053 China
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 00852 China
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Center Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Fu‐Qiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Xin‐Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053 China
- Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 00852 China
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6
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Gonzalez H, Mei W, Robles I, Hagerling C, Allen BM, Hauge Okholm TL, Nanjaraj A, Verbeek T, Kalavacherla S, van Gogh M, Georgiou S, Daras M, Phillips JJ, Spitzer MH, Roose JP, Werb Z. Cellular architecture of human brain metastases. Cell 2022; 185:729-745.e20. [PMID: 35063085 PMCID: PMC8857062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BrM) is the most common form of brain cancer, characterized by neurologic disability and an abysmal prognosis. Unfortunately, our understanding of the biology underlying human BrMs remains rudimentary. Here, we present an integrative analysis of >100,000 malignant and non-malignant cells from 15 human parenchymal BrMs, generated by single-cell transcriptomics, mass cytometry, and complemented with mouse model- and in silico approaches. We interrogated the composition of BrM niches, molecularly defined the blood-tumor interface, and revealed stromal immunosuppressive states enriched with infiltrated T cells and macrophages. Specific single-cell interrogation of metastatic tumor cells provides a framework of 8 functional cell programs that coexist or anticorrelate. Collectively, these programs delineate two functional BrM archetypes, one proliferative and the other inflammatory, that are evidently shaped through tumor-immune interactions. Our resource provides a foundation to understand the molecular basis of BrM in patients with tumor cell-intrinsic and host environmental traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Gonzalez
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA.
| | - Wenbin Mei
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Isabella Robles
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Catharina Hagerling
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, SE 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Breanna M Allen
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Microbiology & Immunology, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Trine Line Hauge Okholm
- Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Microbiology & Immunology, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ankitha Nanjaraj
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Tamara Verbeek
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Sandhya Kalavacherla
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Merel van Gogh
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Stephen Georgiou
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA
| | - Mariza Daras
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 1450 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 1450 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Matthew H Spitzer
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Microbiology & Immunology, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeroen P Roose
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA.
| | - Zena Werb
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0452, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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7
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Zhang J, Bai S, Zhang X, Yan Y, Kang H, Li G, Feng Z, Ma W, Sun H, Ren J. Clinical Study of 2 Radiotherapy Techniques for Semi-Hepatic Alternating Radiotherapy on Diffuse Liver Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211051808. [PMID: 34913767 PMCID: PMC8761890 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211051808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of 2 techniques of semi-hepatic
alternating radiotherapy on diffuse hepatic metastasis in patients with breast
cancer. Methodology: A total of 68 breast cancer patients with
diffuse liver metastasis were randomly divided into Group A (semi-hepatic
alternating radiotherapy) and Group B (semi-hepatic sequential radiotherapy). In
Group A (semi-hepatic sequential radiotherapy), the liver was divided into the
first semi-liver and second semi-liver and alternatively treated with
semi-hepatic intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). The interval between
the 2 instances of semi-hepatic radiotherapy was 6 h. The average radiotherapy
dose to the semi-livers was both 2 Gy/fraction, once a day, 5 times per week,
with a total dose of 30 Gy for 15 days. The total radiation therapy time in
Group A was 15 days in Group B (semi-hepatic sequential radiotherapy), the
livers were divided into the first semi-liver and second semi-liver and treated
with semi-hepatic sequential IMRT, The first semi-liver was first treated in the
initial stage of radiation therapy, the average radiotherapy dose to the
semi-liver was 2 Gy/fraction, once a day, 5 times per week, with a total dose of
30 Gy for 15 days. The second semi-liver was treated next in the second stage of
radiation therapy, the average radiotherapy dose to the semi-liver was
2 Gy/fraction, once a day, 5 times per week, with a total dose of 30 Gy for 15
days. The total radiation therapy time in group B was 30 days.
Results: The objective response rate (complete
response + partial response) of Group A and Group B were 50.0% and 48.5%,
respectively (p = .903). The median survival time after
metastasis (median survival of recurrence) of Group A and Group B was 16.7
months and 16.2 months, respectively (p = .411). The cumulative
survival rates of 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years of Group A and Group B
were 90.6% (29 of 32) and 84.8% (28 of 33) (p = .478), 65.6%
(21 of 32) and 60.6% (20 of 33) (p = .675), 31.2% (10 of 32)
and 27.3% (9 of 33) (p = .725), and 15.6% (5 of 32) and 0 (0 of
33) (p = .018), respectively. The differences between the 2
groups showed no statistical significance in terms of cumulative survival rates
in 1 year, 2 years, however, the 3-year survival rate was significantly
different. The main toxic reactions were digestive tract reactions, abnormal
liver functions, and myelosuppression. The incidence of I to II degree
gastrointestinal reactions was 78.13% (25 of 32) in Group A and 72.73% (24 of
33) in Group B (p = .614). The incidence of I to II abnormal
liver function was 53.13% (17 of 32) in Group A and 48.48% (16 of 33) in Group B
(p = .708). The differences between the 2 groups showed no
statistical significance. The incidence of I to II myelosuppression was 59.38%
(19 of 32) in Group A and 51.52% (17 of 33) in Group B
(p = .524), respectively. The differences between the 2 groups
showed no statistical significance in terms of adverse effects.
Conclusion: Semi-hepatic alternating IMRT was an effective
palliative treatment for diffuse liver metastasis in patients with breast
cancer. Semi-hepatic alternating radiotherapy showed a trend of prolonged
survival time when compared with semi-hepatic sequential radiotherapy. Compared
with the former, the latter showed a trend of lower incidences of side effects
without any statistical differences. Moreover, the side effects from the 2
radiotherapy techniques can be controlled through appropriate management, which
is worthy of further exploration and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangzhou Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shuheng Bai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xingzhou Zhang
- Oncology Department, Wuhan Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanli Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Haojing Kang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Chemotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guangzu Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhaode Feng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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8
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Abstract
Aim: This retrospective study investigated bevacizumab in treating refractory brain edema in patients with brain-metastatic tumors from different sources.Methods: From January 2013 to December 2019, 83 patients with brain metastases and refractory brain edema were treated with bevacizumab. They were divided into lung cancer group and breast cancer group. The clinical data, the efficacy, and the side effects of bevacizumab were recorded. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed before and after bevacizumab treatment. The volume of tumor and brain edema were measured respectively.Results: After treatment with bevacizumab, 72 cases of refractory brain edema were significantly relieved. The edema control rate was 93.75% in the lung cancer group and 77.14% in the breast cancer group (P < .05). The brain edema volume was significantly reduced after bevacizumab treatment from 198,286.84 ± 60,564.40 to 114,677.71 ± 42,337.38mm3 (P < .01), and the edema index was reduced from 26.14 ± 7.24 to 17.18 ± 5.14 (P < .01). Hypertension was observed in 14 cases.Conclusion: Bevacizumab could significantly reduce refractory brain edema with a control rate of 86.75%. The efficacy of bevacizumab in the treatment of refractory brain edema caused by lung cancer is better than that of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Bai
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weilong Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Dhanota N, Bal A, Singh G, Arora SK. Evaluation of breast cancer stem cells in human primary breast carcinoma and their role in aggressive behavior of the disease. J Clin Transl Res 2021; 7:687-700. [PMID: 34778599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM To delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the intratumoral enrichment of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) in aggressive breast tumors, we evaluated the frequency and characteristics of BCSCs within the tumor tissue in primary human breast carcinomas. We assessed the expression profiles of various genes in cancer cells (CC) and stromal cells (SC) from these tumors to delineate the role played by the cellular niche in de novo origin or expansion of intra-tumoral cancer stem cells (CSC). METHOD The study included primary tumor and adjacent normal breast tissue specimens from chemotherapy-naïve breast carcinoma patients. The BCSCs, identified as Lin-CD44+CD24- and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 positive, were enumerated. The flow-cytometrically sorted stromal, and CC were processed for gene expression profiling using a custom-designed polymerase chain reaction array of genes known to facilitate disease progression. RESULTS The frequency of BCSCs within the tumor mass correlated significantly with histopathological and molecular grades of tumors, indicating a direct relationship of BCSC with the aggressive behavior of breast cancer. Further, a significantly increased expression of the genes associated with growth factors, cytokines and matricellular proteins in tumors were found in high BCSCs compared to Lo-BCSC tumors, suggesting the possible contribution of stromal and CC in an intratumoral expansion of CSCs. Similarly, a significant upregulation of genes associated with hypoxia and angiogenesis in Hi-BCSCs tumors further supported the role of a hypoxic environment. CONCLUSION Overall, the findings suggest the molecular crosstalk between SC and CC potentially (directly or indirectly) contributes to the expansion of CSC. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS The current study highlights the importance of CSC as a potential future predictive/prognostic marker for aggressive breast cancer. The present study predicts the potential risk stratification based on the frequency of BCSCs in primary breast tumors and existing prognostic factors.
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10
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Korbelik M, Hode T, Lam SSK, Chen WR. Novel Immune Stimulant Amplifies Direct Tumoricidal Effect of Cancer Ablation Therapies and Their Systemic Antitumor Immune Efficacy. Cells 2021; 10:492. [PMID: 33668932 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ablation therapies have emerged as an effective tool for destroying cancerous tissue, but for advanced and disseminated tumors their application remains mainly a palliative measure. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that this limitation can be redressed by the use of intratumoral immune stimulating agents for amplifying potential antitumor immune responses that are induced by ablation therapies. A novel immune stimulating drug IP-001, a specific variant of the N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC) family of molecules, has shown to be effective against metastatic tumors, when combined with different forms tumor ablation. It acts as a multi-function immune stimulant both by directly inhibiting cell membrane repair and recycling of ablation-damaged tumor cells, and indirectly by sequestering ablation-released tumor antigens, as well as recruiting and stimulating antigen presenting cells to induce a potent Th1 type T cell response against the cancer. In this review, we briefly discuss the current applications of local ablation for cancer treatment and the effects of GC in combination with other ablation therapies, a therapeutic approach that is pioneering the field of Interventional Immuno-Oncology (IIO).
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11
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Li D, Zhu W, Zhou J, Peng M, Geng Q, Pu X, Wang M, Jiang H. Hypofractionated Low-Dose Radiotherapy Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Metastatic Solid Tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:773-783. [PMID: 33568917 PMCID: PMC7869699 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s289937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy can bring benefits to patients, especially advanced patients. However, conventional radiotherapy brings about great adverse reactions. How about the hypofractionated low-dose radiotherapy? Materials and Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we included 32 patients with metastatic solid tumors treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Patients underwent radiotherapy of 4Gy/Fx on day 1, 3, and 5, and received single-drug immunotherapy of PD-1 inhibitor on day 2. We evaluated the following outcomes: objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), change of nonirradiated and irradiated lesions, quality of life, and symptom improvement. Results Among the 32 patients, the ORR was 9.4% (3/32) and the DCR was 56.25% (18/32). Hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy showed a remarkable efficacy of local control on metastatic tumor patients. Local masses irradiated in two patients (6.25%) were complete remission, partial response rate was 37.5% (12 patients), and 56.25% was stability (18 patients). Out of those 18 patients, 15 patients had the local masses shrank more or less. The ORR of local control reached 43.75%, and its DCR was 100%. In addition, the intratumor necrosis rate was 44.4% in the SD patients. Median progression-free survival was 3.8 months (95%Cl: 2.2–5.4). By treating the local mass, the symptoms of most patients were alleviated, and the quality of life was improved. Conclusion Our retrospective analysis revealed that hypofractionated radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy was effective in local control, it also relieved clinical symptoms and improved quality of life. The adverse effect rate was low. However, the incidence of abscopal effects was low either. This mode was suitable for the palliative treatment and expected to improve survival for patients with metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Li
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Zhu
- Cancer Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Juying Zhou
- Radiotherapy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingya Peng
- Cancer Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Geng
- Cancer Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Pu
- Cancer Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Cancer Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Cancer Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213001, People's Republic of China
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12
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Capodiferro S, Limongelli L, Mastropasqua MG, Favia G, Lajolo C, Colella G, Tempesta A, Maiorano E. Metastatic Tumors of the Oro-Facial Tissues: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. A Clinico-Pathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Seven Cases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1151. [PMID: 32316524 PMCID: PMC7231269 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases to orofacial tissues are infrequent, their incidence being 1-8% of malignant oral tumors, sometimes manifesting as the first clinical sign of an occult cancer. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common metastatic carcinoma to the oro-facial tissues, involving the jawbones, gingiva, oral mucosa, tongue or salivary glands. Also, RCC frequently displays a prominent clear cell component, which may predominate in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma subtype (CCRCC) and histologically mimic many other clear cell tumors, both benign and malignant, which can be epithelial (from keratinizing epithelia, cutaneous adnexa, salivary glands and odontogenic epithelium), melanocytic or mesenchymal in origin. In view of the necessity for prompt and accurate diagnosis of such unusual neoplasms, we report on the salient clinico-pathological features of 7 CCRCC metastatic to the oro-facial tissues, and highlight their immunohistochemical profile, to more accurately discriminate this neoplasm from other tumors of the oral cavity with a prominent clear cell component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Capodiferro
- Complex Operating Unit of Odontostomatology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Luisa Limongelli
- Complex Operating Unit of Odontostomatology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Giuseppe Mastropasqua
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Favia
- Complex Operating Unit of Odontostomatology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Lajolo
- Head and Neck Department, "Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS", School of Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angela Tempesta
- Complex Operating Unit of Odontostomatology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Maiorano
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, 70100 Bari, Italy
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Poli E, Zin A, Cattelan M, Tombolan L, Zanetti I, Scagnellato A, Bonvini P, Bisogno G. Prognostic Value of Circulating IGFBP2 and Related Autoantibodies in Children with Metastatic Rhabdomyosarcomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E115. [PMID: 32093404 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) is a tumor-associated protein measurable in patients’ biopsies and blood samples. Increased IGFBP2 expression correlates with tumor severity in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Thus, we examined the plasmatic IGFBP2 levels in 114 RMS patients and 15 healthy controls by ELISA assay in order to evaluate its value as a plasma biomarker for RMS. Additionally, we looked for the presence of a humoral response against IGBFP2 protein measurable by the production of anti-IGFBP2 autoantibodies. We demonstrated that both circulating IGFBP2 protein and autoantibodies were significantly higher in RMS patients with respect to controls and their combination showed a better discriminative capacity. IGFBP2 protein identified metastatic patients with worse event-free survival, whereas both IGFBP2 and anti-IGFBP2 antibodies negatively correlated with overall survival. Our study suggests that IGFBP2 and anti-IGFBP2 antibodies are useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, mainly as independent negative prognostic markers in metastatic patients. This is the first study that reports a specific humoral response in RMS plasma samples and proves the value of blood-based biomarkers in improving risk assessment and outcome of metastatic RMS patients.
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14
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Heudobler D, Lüke F, Vogelhuber M, Klobuch S, Pukrop T, Herr W, Gerner C, Pantziarka P, Ghibelli L, Reichle A. Anakoinosis: Correcting Aberrant Homeostasis of Cancer Tissue-Going Beyond Apoptosis Induction. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1408. [PMID: 31921665 PMCID: PMC6934003 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current approach to systemic therapy for metastatic cancer is aimed predominantly at inducing apoptosis of cancer cells by blocking tumor-promoting signaling pathways or by eradicating cell compartments within the tumor. In contrast, a systems view of therapy primarily considers the communication protocols that exist at multiple levels within the tumor complex, and the role of key regulators of such systems. Such regulators may have far-reaching influence on tumor response to therapy and therefore patient survival. This implies that neoplasia may be considered as a cell non-autonomous disease. The multi-scale activity ranges from intra-tumor cell compartments, to the tumor, to the tumor-harboring organ to the organism. In contrast to molecularly targeted therapies, a systems approach that identifies the complex communications networks driving tumor growth offers the prospect of disrupting or "normalizing" such aberrant communicative behaviors and therefore attenuating tumor growth. Communicative reprogramming, a treatment strategy referred to as anakoinosis, requires novel therapeutic instruments, so-called master modifiers to deliver concerted tumor growth-attenuating action. The diversity of biological outcomes following pro-anakoinotic tumor therapy, such as differentiation, trans-differentiation, control of tumor-associated inflammation, etc. demonstrates that long-term tumor control may occur in multiple forms, inducing even continuous complete remission. Accordingly, pro-anakoinotic therapies dramatically extend the repertoire for achieving tumor control and may activate apoptosis pathways for controlling resistant metastatic tumor disease and hematologic neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heudobler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lüke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vogelhuber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klobuch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Institut for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty Chemistry, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pan Pantziarka
- The George Pantziarka TP53 Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Anticancer Fund, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department Biology, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Albrecht Reichle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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15
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Abstract
Drug development in oncology today routinely focuses on approaches that utilize the patients’ immune system to destroy the malignancy. Combinatorial approaches of antineoplastic agents, both new and old, are being incorporated in the armamentarium of cancer treatments. The overarching goal of therapy remains the achievement of a complete and durable response with long term remission or cure. One approach in advancing treatment is aimed at strategies that improve immunological memory to induce long lasting immunity against the tumor. Although radiation therapy has not traditionally been thought to elicit an immunological effect, an increasing number of reports document the induction of an immune response against a tumor that kills cancer cells distant to the original site of treatment after local irradiation to a tumor. This phenomenon is called an abscopal effect. Since radiation alone is rarely associated with such a response, it is being combined with immuno-oncology drugs in an attempt to enhance response. One such strategy combines sargramostim, a recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhu GM-CSF), with radiotherapy. GM-CSF is a cytokine secreted by multiple cells types that promotes maturation of dendritic cells and enables the presentation of tumor-associated antigens to generate a T-cell response. This review article discusses the outcomes of clinical trials and case reports examining the efficacy and safety of combining radiation therapy with this immunomodulatory agent. We will also examine future studies and challenges facing the translation of this therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Leary
- Oncology, Partner Therapeutics, Lexington, USA
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Zhao J, Yu XC, Xu M, Zheng K, Hu YC, Wang F, Lun DX. Intercalary prosthetic reconstruction for pathologic diaphyseal humeral fractures due to metastatic tumors: outcomes and improvements. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2018; 27:2013-2020. [PMID: 29779979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2018.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a high aseptic loosening rate for intercalary prosthetic reconstruction for malignant tumors. We evaluated outcomes and complications of intercalary prosthetic reconstruction for pathologic diaphyseal humeral fractures and report the application of an extracortical plate that can prevent early loosening. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 9 patients who underwent intercalary prosthetic reconstruction for pathologic diaphyseal humeral fractures secondary to metastatic diseases between March 2011 and September 2017. Procedures were intercalary prosthetic reconstruction in 4 patients (group A) and an implanted intercalary prosthesis with a plate in 5 patients (group B). Operative time, blood loss, complications, and functional score were noted. RESULTS Mean operative time for group A and B was 80 ± 14 and 94 ± 5 minutes, respectively; blood loss was 115 ± 26 and 120 ± 31 mL respectively; and follow-up was 11.5 ± 10.1 and 6.2 ± 4.4 months, respectively. At final follow-up, all patients in group A had died, and 3 patients in group B had died; mean survival was 11.5 ± 10.1 and 9.3 ± 1.2 months, respectively. The mean postoperative Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 24.5 ± 2.4 and 26.2 ± 0.8, respectively. The mean postoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 85.5 ± 4.20 and 87 ± 2.6, respectively. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups (P > .05). There was 1 aseptic loosening and 1 radial nerve injury in group A; there were no complications in group B. CONCLUSIONS The intercalary prosthesis yielded satisfactory outcomes in patients with pathologic diaphyseal humeral fractures, and an extracortical plate can prevent early aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiu-Chun Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Jinan Military Commanding Region, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Hu
- Department of Bone Oncology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Bone Oncology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Deng-Xing Lun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
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Luo L, Zhu C, Yin H, Jiang M, Zhang J, Qin B, Luo Z, Yuan X, Yang J, Li W, Du Y, You J. Laser Immunotherapy in Combination with Perdurable PD-1 Blocking for the Treatment of Metastatic Tumors. ACS Nano 2018; 12:7647-7662. [PMID: 30020768 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A convenient and feasible therapeutic strategy for malignant and metastatic tumors was constructed here by combining photothermal ablation (PTA)-based laser immunotherapy with perdurable PD-1 blockade immunotherapy. Hollow gold nanoshells (HAuNS, a photothermal agent) and AUNP12 (an anti PD-1 peptide, APP) were co-encapsulated into poly(lactic- co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. Unlike monoclonal PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, PD-1 peptide inhibitor shows lower cost and immunotoxicity but needs frequent administration due to its rapid clearance in vivo. Our data here showed that the formed HAuNS- and APP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (AA@PN) could maintain release periods of up to 40 days for the peptide, and a single intratumoral injection of AA@PN could replace the frequent administration of free APP. After the administration of AA@PN and irradiation with a near-infrared laser at the tumor site, an excellent killing effect on the primary tumor cells was achieved by the PTA. The nanoparticles also played a vaccine-like role under the adjuvant of cytosine-phospho-guanine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotide and generated a localized antitumor-immune response. Furthermore, sustained APP release with laser-dependent transient triggering could induce the blockage of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to activate T cells, thus subsequently generating a systemic immune response. Our data demonstrated that the PTA combined with perdurable PD-1 blocking could efficiently eradicate the primary tumors and inhibit the growth of metastatic tumors as well as their formation. The present study provides a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of advanced cancer with metastasis and presents a valuable reference for obtaining better outcomes in clinical cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Chunqi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Hang Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Mengshi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Bing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Xiaoling Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , PR China
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Pannala R, Hallberg-Wallace KM, Smith AL, Nassar A, Zhang J, Zarka M, Reynolds JP, Chen L. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the pancreas: A multi-center experience. Cytojournal 2016; 13:24. [PMID: 27761149 PMCID: PMC5070042 DOI: 10.4103/1742-6413.192191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The increasing use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) cytology to examine pancreatic neoplasms has led to an increase in the diagnosis of metastases to the pancreas. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common metastasis to the pancreas. Our study examines 33 cases of metastatic RCC to the pancreas sampled by EUS-FNA from four large tertiary care hospitals. Materials and Methods: We searched the cytopathology database for RCC metastatic to the pancreas diagnosed by EUS-FNA from January 2005 to January 2015. Patient age, history of RCC, nephrectomy history, follow-up postnephrectomy, radiological impression, and EUS-FNA cytologic diagnosis were reviewed. Results: Thirty-three patients were identified. The average age was 67.5 years (range, 49–84 years). Thirty-two patients had a previous documented history of RCC. One patient had the diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis at the same time of the kidney biopsy. Thirty-one patients had been treated with nephrectomy. Twenty-seven patients were being monitored annually by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty-five patients had multiple masses by imaging, but 8 patients had a single mass in the pancreas at the time of EUS-FNA. EUS-FNA of 20 cases showed classic morphology of RCC. Thirteen cases had either “atypical” clinical-radiologic features or morphologic overlaps with primary pancreatic neoplasms or other neoplasms. Cell blocks were made on all 13 cases and immunochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusions: EUS-FNA cytology is useful for the diagnosis of metastatic RCC to the pancreas. Cytomorphology can be aided with patient history, imaging analyses, cell blocks, and immunochemical stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Pannala
- Address: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Amber L Smith
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aziza Nassar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Matthew Zarka
- Address: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Jordan P Reynolds
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Longwen Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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Goyal R, Mathur SK, Gupta S, Goyal R, Kumar S, Batra A, Hasija S, Sen R. Immunohistochemical expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and CAM5.2 in glial tumors and their role in differentiating glial tumors from metastatic tumors of central nervous system. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2016; 6:499-503. [PMID: 26752892 PMCID: PMC4692005 DOI: 10.4103/0976-3147.168426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become an important tool in the diagnosis of metastatic brain tumors. The judicious use of a panel of selected immunostains is unquestionably helpful in diagnostically challenging cases. In our study, the best combination of immune markers useful in differentiating metastatic carcinoma from high-grade gliomas in central nervous system (CNS) are glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cytokeratin (CK) (CAM5.2). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 80 cases of glial tumors including metastatic tumors to the CNS. Histopathological diagnosis was established on routine hematoxylin and eosin staining of the sections. Special IHC markers, GFAP, and CAM5.2 were used to differentiate glial from metastatic tumors. Result: Of total 80 cases, 40 cases of astrocytic tumors, 2 cases of ependymoma, 2 cases of mixed glial tumors, and 16 cases of glioblastoma multiforme were positive for GFAP. Twelve cases of oligodendroglioma were negative for GFAP. The sensitivity of GFAP in glial tumors was statistically significant as 81.1% and specificity 100%, whereas sensitivity and specificity of CAM5.2 in metastatic tumors were 100%. Conclusion: IHC plays an important role in diagnosing tumors of CNS and markers such as GFAP and CK (CAM5.2) are quite effective in differentiating glial tumors from metastatic tumors of CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Goyal
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | | | - Sumiti Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rahul Goyal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Ashima Batra
- Department of Pathology, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Sonia Hasija
- Department of Pathology, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rajeev Sen
- Department of Pathology, Pandit B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Tan M, Li Z, Qiu Y, McMeekin SD, Thai TC, Ding K, Moore KN, Liu H, Zheng B. A New Approach to Evaluate Drug Treatment Response of Ovarian Cancer Patients Based on Deformable Image Registration. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2016; 35:316-325. [PMID: 26336119 PMCID: PMC5161344 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2015.2473823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) is the current clinical guideline to assess size change of solid tumors after therapeutic treatment, it has a relatively lower association to the clinical outcome of progression free survival (PFS) of the patients. In this paper, we presented a new approach to assess responses of ovarian cancer patients to new chemotherapy drugs in clinical trials. We first developed and applied a multi-resolution B-spline based deformable image registration method to register two sets of computed tomography (CT) image data acquired pre- and post-treatment. The B-spline difference maps generated from the co-registered CT images highlight the regions related to the volumetric growth or shrinkage of the metastatic tumors, and density changes related to variation of necrosis inside the solid tumors. Using a testing dataset involving 19 ovarian cancer patients, we compared patients' response to the treatment using the new image registration method and RECIST guideline. The results demonstrated that using the image registration method yielded higher association with the six-month PFS outcomes of the patients than using RECIST. The image registration results also provided a solid foundation of developing new computerized quantitative image feature analysis schemes in the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA
| | - Yuchen Qiu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA
| | - Scott D. McMeekin
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Theresa C. Thai
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Kai Ding
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Kathleen N. Moore
- Health Science Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA
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Bertrand A, Kostine M, Barnetche T, Truchetet ME, Schaeverbeke T. Immune related adverse events associated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2015; 13:211. [PMID: 26337719 PMCID: PMC4559965 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting CTLA-4 is a recent strategic approach in cancer control: blocking CTLA-4 enhances an antitumor immunity by promoting T-cell activation and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proliferation. This induction of a tolerance break against the tumor may be responsible for immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Our objective was to assess the incidence and nature of irAEs in oncologic patients receiving anti-CTLA-4 antibodies (ipilimumab and tremelimumab). METHODS A systematic search of literature up to February 2014 was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant articles. Paired reviewers independently selected articles for inclusion and extracted data. Pooled incidence was calculated using R(©), package meta. RESULTS Overall, 81 articles were included in the study, with a total of 1265 patients from 22 clinical trials included in the meta-analysis. Described irAEs consisted of skin lesions (rash, pruritus, and vitiligo), colitis, and less frequently hepatitis, hypophysitis, thyroiditis, and some rare events such as sarcoidosis, uveitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, immune-mediated cytopenia and polymyalgia rheumatic/Horton. The overall incidence of all-grade irAEs was 72 % (95 % CI, 65-79 %). The overall incidence of high-grade irAEs was 24 % (95 % CI, 18-30 %). The risk of developing irAEs was dependent of dosage, with incidence of all-grade irAEs being evaluated to 61 % (95 % CI, 56-66 %) for ipilimumab 3 mg/kg and 79 % (95 % CI, 69-89 %) for ipilimumab 10 mg/kg. Death due to irAEs occurred in 0.86 % of patients. The median time of onset of irAEs was about 10 weeks (IQR, 6-12) after the onset of treatment, corresponding with the first three cycles but varied according to the organ system involved. Such immune activation could also be indicative for tumor-specific T-cell activation and irAE occurrence was associated with clinical response to CTLA-4 blocking in 60 % of patients. CONCLUSION The price of potential long-term survival to metastatic tumors is an atypical immune toxicity, reflecting the mechanism of action of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. A better knowledge of these irAEs and its management in a multidisciplinary approach will help to reduce morbidity and therapy interruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bertrand
- Département de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Marie Kostine
- Département de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Thomas Barnetche
- Département de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Marie-Elise Truchetet
- Département de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, UMR-CNRS 5164, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Thierry Schaeverbeke
- Département de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
- Unité sous Contrat, Infections à Mycoplasmes et à Chlamydia chez l'Homme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
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Waters L, Si Q, Caraway N, Mody D, Staerkel G, Sneige N. Secondary tumors of the pancreas diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration: a 10-year experience. Diagn Cytopathol 2014; 42:738-43. [PMID: 24554612 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Determining whether a pancreatic mass is a primary or secondary neoplasm is necessary for appropriate treatment. We reviewed our experience using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for diagnosis of pancreatic tumors to identify clinical and cytopathologic characteristics of metastatic disease. We reviewed all cases of tumors metastatic to the pancreas evaluated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and The Methodist Hospital in Houston, Texas during the period from 2002 to 2012. The review included cytologic specimens, clinical history, radiologic findings, primary tumor type, and clinical follow-up. We identified 66 patients with disease metastatic to the pancreas for which cytologic material was available: 38 (58%) men and 28 (42%) women, with an average age of 63 years (range, 40-89 years). Most metastases (98%) were single lesions, and nearly half were located in the head of the pancreas (30/66). The most common site of origin for these metastases was kidney (27 [41%] cases). Follow-up information was available for 65 (98%) patients, and duration of follow-up ranged from <1 to 10 years (mean, 2.3 years). Thirty-three patients (50%) were alive at the time of the most recent follow-up contact. Of the 25 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, clear cell type, 19 (76%) were alive at the time of the most recent follow-up. It was concluded that metastases may mimic primary pancreatic carcinomas both clinically and cytologically. Ancillary studies in conjunction with clinical history are necessary for the accurate diagnosis of FNAs of secondary pancreatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Waters
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Section of Cytopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
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Kumar G, Manjunatha B. Metastatic tumors to the jaws and oral cavity. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2013. [PMID: 23798834 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.110737.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease involving complex multiple sequential irreversible dysregulated processes showing metastasis that results in morbidity and mortality. Metastasis is a complex biological course that begins with detachment of tumor cells from the primary tumor, spreading into the distant tissues and/or organs, invading through the lymphovascular structures followed by their survival in the circulation. Metastatic tumors to the oro-facial region are uncommon and may occur in the oral soft tissues or jawbones. The clinical presentation of metastatic tumors can be variable, which may lead to erroneous diagnosis or may create diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory and reactive lesions that are common to the oral region. Most of the literature on oral metastases involves either single case reports or reviews of these reported cases from scattered geographical areas. Hence this present article is an attempt to provide a detailed review of pathogenesis, epidemiological details including clinical and radiographic presentations, microscopic features and treatment of metastatic tumors to the jaws and oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gs Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, K. S. R. Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract
Cancer is a disease involving complex multiple sequential irreversible dysregulated processes showing metastasis that results in morbidity and mortality. Metastasis is a complex biological course that begins with detachment of tumor cells from the primary tumor, spreading into the distant tissues and/or organs, invading through the lymphovascular structures followed by their survival in the circulation. Metastatic tumors to the oro-facial region are uncommon and may occur in the oral soft tissues or jawbones. The clinical presentation of metastatic tumors can be variable, which may lead to erroneous diagnosis or may create diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory and reactive lesions that are common to the oral region. Most of the literature on oral metastases involves either single case reports or reviews of these reported cases from scattered geographical areas. Hence this present article is an attempt to provide a detailed review of pathogenesis, epidemiological details including clinical and radiographic presentations, microscopic features and treatment of metastatic tumors to the jaws and oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gs Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, K. S. R. Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India
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Brown LM, Rannels SR, Rannels DE. Implications of post-pneumonectomy compensatory lung growth in pulmonary physiology and disease. Respir Res 2001; 2:340-7. [PMID: 11737933 PMCID: PMC64801 DOI: 10.1186/rr84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2001] [Revised: 07/06/2001] [Accepted: 07/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In a number of species, partial pneumonectomy initiates hormonally regulated compensatory growth of the remaining lung lobes that restores normal mass, structure and function. Compensation is qualitatively similar across species, but differs with gender, age and hormonal status. Although the biology of response is best characterized in rats, dogs have proven valuable in defining post-operative physiological adaptations. Most recently, mice were recognized to offer unique opportunities to explore the genetic basis of the response, as well as to evaluate associated detrimental effects of pathophysiological significance in animals exposed to carcinogens. The pneumonectomy model thus offers powerful insight concerning adaptive organ growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Brown
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA
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