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Turgeon O'Brien H, Gagné D, Blanchet R, Vézina C. Prevalence and determinants of insufficient vitamin D status in young Canadian Inuit children from Nunavik. Nutr Health 2024:2601060231207664. [PMID: 38295364 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231207664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency has reached pandemic levels affecting over one billion people worldwide. However, limited data is available on the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D status of Canadian Indigenous children and no study has been reported in Inuit children from Nunavik. Aim: Therefore, using data collected between 2006 and 2010, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and main determinants of insufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s25(OH)D) concentrations in Inuit children attending childcare centres in Nunavik. Methods: This study included 245 Inuit children aged 11 to 54 months. s25(OH)D concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-hour recalls. Usual dietary intakes were estimated using the National Cancer Institute method. We used a multiple imputation technique to replace missing values when performing regression analysis. Results: Our findings revealed that 64.5% of children had a s25(OH)D concentration < 75 nmol/L, while 78.1% did not meet the estimated average requirement (EAR) for vitamin D. Vitamin D intake and fluid milk consumption were positively associated with s25(OH)D concentrations, while negative associations were observed with children' energy intake, non-alcoholic beverage consumption, body weight, breastfeeding duration and, biological/adoptive/foster parents' educational level. Conclusion: Vitamin D inadequacy was highly prevalent and closely aligned with levels observed over the years in non-Indigenous children. Breastfed children who do not receive vitamin D supplementation, overweight and obese children, and children with inadequate milk consumption were at high risk of vitamin D insufficiency. Eating vitamin D rich foods such as fluid milk and seafood along with vitamin D supplementation when needed are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huguette Turgeon O'Brien
- Département des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Doris Gagné
- Département des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Rosanne Blanchet
- Département des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Carole Vézina
- Département des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Alonso S, Angel MD, Muunda E, Kilonzi E, Palloni G, Grace D, Leroy JL. Consumer Demand for Milk and the Informal Dairy Sector Amidst COVID-19 in Nairobi, Kenya. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100058. [PMID: 36950195 PMCID: PMC9957657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had large negative effects on countries' economies and individual well-being throughout the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Pandemic-related changes in behavior and government restrictions in Kenya may have negatively affected food supply chains and household food access; however, the empirical evidence is currently limited. Objectives The study explored changes in informal milk markets, dairy consumption, and food insecurity among low-income households in urban and periurban Nairobi, Kenya, following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in the country. Methods Baseline data on milk sales and consumption were collected in late 2019 from dairy vendors operating in the informal sector and their dairy customers. We conducted 2 longitudinal telephone surveys with the same study participants in July and September-October 2020, respectively. Results At the first follow-up, the volume of milk sold by informal vendors had dropped by 30% compared with their baseline level, and the volume of milk from informal markets consumed by households decreased by 23%. By the second follow-up, the volume of milk sold and consumed had recovered somewhat but remained lower than the volume observed 1 y prior in the same season. Large reductions in the consumption of other animal-sourced products were also observed. The rate of food insecurity increased by 16 and 11 percentage points in the first and second follow-up periods, respectively, compared with baseline. Conclusions The evidence, therefore, suggests that the timing of the pandemic and the related restrictions were associated with a decrease in the supply and consumption of milk from informal markets in Nairobi and a decrease in the food security of periurban consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Alonso
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Moira Donahue Angel
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, United States
| | - Emmanuel Muunda
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Emily Kilonzi
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Giordano Palloni
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, United States
| | - Delia Grace
- Animal and Human Health Program, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
- Food and Markets Department, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jef L Leroy
- Poverty, Health and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC, United States
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Henjum S, Groufh-Jacobsen S, Aakre I, Terragni L. Life-course perspectives of milk consumption among young Norwegian women and their knowledge of milk as a source of iodine: a qualitative study. Food Nutr Res 2022; 65:7758. [PMID: 34984063 PMCID: PMC8693599 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild to moderate iodine deficiency has been found among young Norwegian women of reproductive age. In Norway, cow’s milk is the main source of iodine; however, milk consumption is decreasing, particularly among young women. This study aimed to investigate milk consumption practices in young Norwegian women and their attitudes toward milk consumption from childhood to young adulthood in a life-course perspective and their knowledge of milk as a source of iodine. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 30 bachelor students (women, 18–25 years old) from five different study programs. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to interpret milk consumption practices from a life-course perspective. Five focus group interviews were conducted using a semistructured interview guide. The transcribed interviews were coded according to emerging themes related to milk consumption practices and turning points. Milk consumption practices were dynamic and changed over time and were influenced by several factors: family traditions, school milk subscription, friends and social media, social acceptance, availability, price, and attitudes toward health and the environment. Young women tend to be in a phase of life in which milk is not part of their food practices. Most of the women were not aware of the consequences of omitting milk from their diet and had limited knowledge of iodine and how to secure adequate dietary iodine intake. Awareness of possible consequences of omitting milk from the diet should be promoted along with information on how to secure adequate iodine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Henjum
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Synne Groufh-Jacobsen
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Inger Aakre
- Department of Seafood and Nutrition, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laura Terragni
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Glanz K, Fenoglio C, Quinn R, Karpyn A, Paulhamus Giordano D. Consumers' Ability to Distinguish Between Milk Types: Results of Blind Taste Testing. Fam Community Health 2021; 44:E1-E6. [PMID: 33055575 PMCID: PMC8032812 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess consumers' ability to correctly identify different types of milk in a blind taste test and correlates of plans to purchase lower fat milk. Adults from 8 supermarkets in low-income neighborhoods tasted 3 types of unlabeled lower fat or fat-free milk samples and guessed the type of each sample. Of the 1074 participants, only 7.6% were able to identify all 3 unlabeled samples correctly. Most adults in this study reported consuming higher fat milk and could not correctly identify milk type by taste alone. Blind taste tests may encourage consumers to drink lower fat milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Glanz
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine and School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Dr Glanz); Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Messrs Fenoglio and Quinn and Ms Paulhamus Giordano); and Human Development and Family Studies, University of Delaware, Newark (Dr Karpyn)
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Pradyumna A, Winkler MS, Utzinger J, Farnham A. Association of Livestock Ownership and Household Dietary Quality: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey from Rural India. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:6060. [PMID: 34199879 PMCID: PMC8200091 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies from India and several eastern African countries found that the impact of dairy animal ownership on household nutrition varied greatly, depending on the socio-geographic context. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between livestock ownership and household dietary quality in rural Kolar district, India. We collected data from a household survey in four study villages (n = all 195 households of the four villages) of Kolar district, applying a cross-sectional design. Kendall's rank correlation coefficient was employed to determine the correlation between milk consumption and other dietary variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to describe the relationship between dairy animal ownership and household milk consumption. Households owning dairy animals more often had access to irrigation (58.3% vs. 25.2%) and were less often woman-headed (2.4% vs. 22.5%). Household milk consumption was significantly correlated with consumption of vegetable variety, egg, and meat (all p-values < 0.05). After adjusting for multiple confounders, the odds ratio of milk consumption between dairy animal-owning households as compared to other households was 2.11 (95% confidence interval 0.85, 5.45). While dairy animal ownership was found to be associated with improved dietary quality, larger households were in a better position to adopt dairy animals, which, in turn, might contribute to better household nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Pradyumna
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.P.); (J.U.); (A.F.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
- Azim Premji University, Bengaluru 562125, India
| | - Mirko S. Winkler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.P.); (J.U.); (A.F.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.P.); (J.U.); (A.F.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Farnham
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.P.); (J.U.); (A.F.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
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Peaker M. Oestrogens in milk and breast cancer: a cause for concern…or not? J DAIRY RES 2020; 87:266-9. [PMID: 33213567 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029920000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this short Research Reflection I address and refute the suggestion that oestrogens consumed in milk might contribute in a significant way to endogenous levels and thereby have a physiological action, possibly resulting in adverse consequences including increased breast cancer risk. Quantitative analysis based on published data shows that, even in worst case scenarios, oestrogen consumption in milk is considerably less than regulatory bodies regard as entirely safe.
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Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Faber I, Osorio JS, Stergiadis S. Consumer knowledge and perceptions of milk fat in Denmark, the United Kingdom, and the United States. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:4151-4163. [PMID: 32171517 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between consumers' country of origin: Denmark (DK), the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US) and their knowledge and perceptions of milk fat. Adult participants answered a web-based survey, and data were collected online from December 2018 to April 2019, in DK, the UK, and the US. A total of 694 participants completed the online survey. Most respondents were between 18 and 39 years old, female, highly educated, and employed. Most UK respondents consumed milk daily (73%), whereas in DK (56%) and the US (46%) consumption was significantly lower. Whole milk and semi-skim milk were consumed less by respondents in DK (20 and 36%, respectively) compared with the UK (50 and 49%, respectively) and the US (47 and 50%, respectively). Danish respondents (53%) consumed more skim milk than respondents from the UK (16%) and the US (19%). Concern about milk fat was higher in DK (60%) than in the UK (34%) and the US (31%). More respondents considered milk fat to be "healthy" or "very healthy" in the UK (31 and 10%, respectively) and the US (37 and 19%, respectively), than in DK (23 and 6%, respectively). Nutritional benefit was the most important reason for perceiving milk fat as healthy in the 3 countries. Awareness of milk saturated fat was higher among respondents from the UK (53%) than from DK (44%) and the US (38%). Results suggest that consumers in DK are different in their perceptions of milk fat, but consumers in the UK and the US share common characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Grønnegårdsvej 3, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - I Faber
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Food Science, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - J S Osorio
- South Dakota State University, Dairy and Food Science Department, 1111 College Ave., Brookings 57007
| | - S Stergiadis
- University of Reading, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, Department of Animal Sciences, Earley Gate, PO Box 237, Reading RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
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Shin WK, Lee HW, Shin A, Lee JK, Kang D. Milk Consumption Decreases Risk for Breast Cancer in Korean Women under 50 Years of Age: Results from the Health Examinees Study. Nutrients 2019; 12:E32. [PMID: 31877693 PMCID: PMC7019619 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies regarding breast cancer risk related to milk consumption remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between milk consumption and the risk for breast cancer. A total of 93,306 participants, aged 40-69 years, were included in the prospective cohort study in the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study between 2004 and 2013. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Information on cancer diagnosis in the eligible cohort was retrieved from the Korea Central Cancer Registry through 31 December 2014. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 359 breast cancer cases were observed over a median follow-up period of 6.3 years. Milk consumption was not associated with decreased risk for breast cancer in the total population (p for trend = 0.0687). In women under 50 years of age, however, milk consumption was inversely associated with breast cancer risk. In the comparison between highest (≥1 serving/day) and lowest (<1 serving/week) intake categories of milk, the multivariate HR (95% CI) was 0.58 (0.35-0.97, p for trend = 0.0195)) among women under 50 years of age. In conclusion, our findings show that milk consumption in Korean women aged 50 or younger is associated with a decreased risk for breast cancer, when compared to those who never or rarely consumed milk. Further studies need to be conducted to assess this relationship and confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.-K.S.); (H.-W.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Hwi-Won Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.-K.S.); (H.-W.L.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.-K.S.); (H.-W.L.); (A.S.)
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jong-koo Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.-K.S.); (H.-W.L.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Wu C, Li Y, Li M, He F, Wang Y, Zeng G. [Structure of preschoolers intestinal Bifidobacteria and its relationship with milk consumption]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2019; 48:435-439. [PMID: 31133130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the population structure of intestinal Bifidobacteria in preschool children, and evaluate its relationship with milk consumption. METHODS The study was performed among 200 healthy children aged 2 to 6 in a kindergarten, Chengdu. Half of the children were female. The information of their milk consumption was collected through questionnaire finished by their parents. The levels of Bifidobacterium and 8 Bifidobacterium species in the subject feces were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The differences between the population structures of intestinal Bifidobacteria in children with different milk consumption were compared. RESULTS The detection rate of Bifidobacteria in the feces of the children was 100%, and the bacterial amount was(9.33±0.54) log_(10 )CFU/g. In comparison with the group whose daily milk consumption was less than 300 mL, the detection rate of B. breve(88.9% vs. 78.4%, χ~2=4.039, P=0.044), the amount of B. breve and B. infantis [(7.35±1.25) log_(10 )CFU/g vs.(6.91±1.32) log_(10 )CFU/g, t=-2.096, P=0.038;(7.36±1.35) log_(10 )CFU/g vs.(6.68±1.45) log_(10 )CFU/g, t=-2.412, P=0.018]were higher in the group whose daily milk consumption was no less than 300 mL. CONCLUSION The detection rate of Bifidobacteria is 100% in the 200 preschool children of Chengdu. B. catenulatum, B. longum and B. breve are believed to be major bifidobacterial species in children intestinal microbiota. The study manifests the association between milk consumption and B. breve or B. infantis engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wu
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Jinjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Jinjiang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Guo Zeng
- Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Fontecha J, Calvo MV, Juarez M, Gil A, Martínez-Vizcaino V. Milk and Dairy Product Consumption and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S164-S189. [PMID: 31089735 PMCID: PMC6518146 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk and dairy products containing milk fat are major food sources of saturated fatty acids, which have been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular-related clinical outcomes such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke. Therefore, current recommendations by health authorities advise consumption of low-fat or fat-free milk. Today, these recommendations are seriously questioned by meta-analyses of both prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting inconsistent results. The present study includes an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of follow-up studies, an overview of meta-analyses involving RCTs, and an update on meta-analyses of RCTs (2013-2018) aiming to synthesize the evidence regarding the influence of dairy product consumption on the risk of major cardiovascular-related outcomes and how various doses of different dairy products affect the responses, as well as on selected biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk, i.e., blood pressure and blood lipids. The search strategies for both designs were conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science databases from their inception to April 2018. From the 31 full-text articles retrieved for cohort studies, 17 met the eligibility criteria. The pooled risk ratio estimated for the association between the consumption of different dairy products at different dose-responses and cardiovascular outcomes (CVD, CHD, and stroke) showed a statistically significant negative association with RR values <1, or did not find evidence of significant association. The overview of 12 meta-analyses involving RCTs as well as the updated meta-analyses of RCTs did not result in significant changes on risk biomarkers such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Therefore, the present study states that the consumption of total dairy products, with either regular or low fat content, does not adversely affect the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fontecha
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Address correspondence to JF (e-mail: )
| | - Maria Visitación Calvo
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela Juarez
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Food Lipid Biomarkers and Health Group, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain,CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaino
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
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Çerman AA, Aktaş E, Altunay İK, Arıcı JE, Tulunay A, Ozturk FY. Dietary glycemic factors, insulin resistance, and adiponectin levels in acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 75:155-62. [PMID: 27061046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.02.1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence to support the relationship between acne vulgaris and diet. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations among dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, milk consumption, insulin resistance, and adiponectin levels in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. METHODS The dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, milk consumption, fasting glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor)-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, adiponectin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance values of 50 patients with acne vulgaris and 36 healthy control subjects were measured. RESULTS Glycemic index and glycemic load levels were significantly higher (P = .022 and P = .001, respectively) and serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower (P = .015) in patients with acne than in the control subjects. There was an inverse correlation between serum adiponectin concentration and glycemic index (P = .049, r = -0.212). LIMITATIONS This study used a cross-sectional design and the study population was limited to young, nonobese adults. CONCLUSION A high-glycemic-index/-load diet was positively associated with acne vulgaris. Adiponectin may be a pathogenetic cofactor contributing to the development of the disease. Further research on adiponectin levels in patients with acne in terms of development of insulin resistance might be important in this possible relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Aksu Çerman
- Dermatology Department, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ezgi Aktaş
- Dermatology Department, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İlknur Kıvanç Altunay
- Dermatology Department, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Janset Erkul Arıcı
- Dermatology Department, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysın Tulunay
- Immunology Department, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Yener Ozturk
- Endocrinology Department, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract
True lactose intolerance (symptoms stemming from lactose malabsorption) is less common than is widely perceived, and should be viewed as just one potential cause of cows’ milk intolerance. There is increasing evidence that A1 beta-casein, a protein produced by a major proportion of European-origin cattle but not purebred Asian or African cattle, is also associated with cows’ milk intolerance. In humans, digestion of bovine A1 beta-casein, but not the alternative A2 beta-casein, releases beta-casomorphin-7, which activates μ-opioid receptors expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract and body. Studies in rodents show that milk containing A1 beta-casein significantly increases gastrointestinal transit time, production of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and the inflammatory marker myeloperoxidase compared with milk containing A2 beta-casein. Co-administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone blocks the myeloperoxidase and gastrointestinal motility effects, indicating opioid signaling pathway involvement. In humans, a double-blind, randomized cross-over study showed that participants consuming A1 beta-casein type cows’ milk experienced statistically significantly higher Bristol stool values compared with those receiving A2 beta-casein milk. Additionally, a statistically significant positive association between abdominal pain and stool consistency was observed when participants consumed the A1 but not the A2 diet. Further studies of the role of A1 beta-casein in milk intolerance are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebely Pal
- School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia.
| | - Keith Woodford
- Agricultural Management Group, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Sonja Kukuljan
- The a2 Milk Company (Australia) Pty Ltd, PO Box 180, Kew East, Victoria 3102, Australia.
| | - Suleen Ho
- School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia.
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Abstract
AIM To assess the effect of analgesia at disbudding on weight gain and milk intake of dairy calves. METHODS Four disbudding protocols were used on 3- to 6-week-old Friesian-Jersey calves. Farm staff disbudded 101 calves without sedation or local analgesia, of which 51 received 20 mg meloxicam S/C. Veterinary staff disbudded 101 calves with sedation and local analgesia, of which 51 also received 20 mg meloxicam S/C. Calves were weighed before disbudding, 15 and 30 days later, and individual milk consumption was recorded for 11 days. Daily weight gain and milk consumption were analysed using mixed models and ANOVA. RESULTS From disbudding (Day 0) to Day 15 farmer-disbudded calves receiving meloxicam grew faster (0.65 kg/day) than calves without meloxicam (0.55 kg/day; p=0.011), but an interaction between operator and meloxicam treatment (p=0.056) meant that meloxicam treatment did not increase growth rates in veterinary-disbudded calves (0.63 vs. 0.64 kg/day; p=0.872). From Days 16-30 there was no significant effect of meloxicam on growth rate, but veterinarian-disbudded calves grew faster (0.76 kg/day) than farmer-disbudded calves (0.66 kg/day; p=0.034). Overall, for the first 30 days after disbudding, if meloxicam was not used', veterinarian-disbudded calves grew faster than farmer-disbudded calves (p=0.002). However if meloxicam was used at disbudding there was no difference in growth rate between veterinarian- and farmer-disbudded calves (p=0.878). Mean cumulative milk consumption for the 11 days after disbudding was greater for calves disbudded by veterinary staff than by farm staff (p<0.001), but there was no effect of meloxicam treatment (p=0.618) and no interaction with operator (p=0.86) on cumulative milk consumption. CONCLUSIONS Three to 6-week-old dairy calves disbudded by farm staff with no analgesia grew significantly slower over the next 15 days than farmer-disbudded calves given meloxicam, and slower over the next 30 days than veterinarian-disbudded calves given xylazine and lignocaine. However addition of meloxicam to the latter protocol had no effect on growth rate. Milk intake was significantly higher for 11 days for veterinarian- compared with farmer-disbudded calves. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study adds to the evidence that analgesia during disbudding is beneficial for calf productivity as well as calf welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Bates
- a Centre for Dairy Excellence , Geraldine , New Zealand
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14
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Nicklas TA, O'Neil CE, Fulgoni VL. The nutritional role of flavored and white milk in the diets of children. J Sch Health 2013; 83:728-733. [PMID: 24020687 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some schools are removing flavored milk from lunchrooms based on the perception that consumption has a negative impact on the overall dietary quality. The goal of this study was to assess the contribution of flavored and white milk in the diets of children. METHODS Intake data from children 2 to 18 years (N = 7332) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 were obtained from in-person 24-hour dietary recalls. Mean ± standard error of energy and nutrients were determined. RESULTS Flavored and white milk contributed, respectively, 2-6% of total energy consumed, 3-12% of saturated fats, 1-3% of sodium, and 4-0% of added sugars. The percent contribution of white milk to intakes of vitamin A (21%), vitamin D (54%), calcium (29%), potassium (17%), magnesium (12%), and phosphorus (19%) exceeded 10% of total intake. Consumption of flavored milk contributed a smaller percentage to total intake. For total dairy consumed the percent contribution to intake of vitamins A and D, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus ranged from 19% to 68%. CONCLUSIONS Milk has an important nutritional role in the diets of children. More research is needed to understand the barriers to consuming milk and potential unintended nutrition consequences of removing flavored milk from the lunchrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Nicklas
- Professor, , Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1100 Bates Avenue, Houston, TX 77030
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15
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Mays D, Gerfen E, Mosher RB, Shad AT, Tercyak KP. Validation of a milk consumption stage of change algorithm among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. J Nutr Educ Behav 2012; 44:464-468. [PMID: 22770832 PMCID: PMC3509362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the construct validity of a milk consumption Stages of Change (SOC) algorithm among adolescent survivors of childhood cancer ages 11 to 21 years (n = 75). METHODS Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate a health behavior intervention were analyzed. Assessments included a milk consumption SOC algorithm and hypothesized theoretical and behavioral predictors of SOC. RESULTS Compared with survivors who expressed no readiness to change, those expressing readiness to change behavior for both 2 and 4 daily servings of milk reported more frequent milk consumption (P < .001), greater dietary calcium intake (P = .006), and were more likely to meet age-specific recommendations for daily calcium intake (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Results provide support for the construct validity of the milk consumption SOC algorithm relative to behavioral criteria. Research is needed to further examine algorithm validity with respect to theoretical predictors of SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Mays
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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16
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Gudmundsdottir EY, Gunnarsdottir I, Thorlacius A, Reykdal O, Gunnlaugsdottir H, Thorsdottir I, Steingrimsdottir L. Blood selenium levels and contribution of food groups to selenium intake in adolescent girls in Iceland. Food Nutr Res 2012; 56:18476. [PMID: 22952457 PMCID: PMC3432477 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.18476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Significant changes have been reported in dietary habits and food availability in Iceland that would be expected to compromise selenium intake and status, especially among young people. These include substantial decreases in the consumption of fish and milk, as well as the selenium content of imported wheat. The aim of this study was to assess selenium in the diet and whole blood of adolescent girls, as well as define the most important foods contributing to intake and blood concentrations of selenium. DESIGN The subjects were 96 randomly selected girls, aged 16-20, who answered a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary assessment. Selenium intake from each food group was calculated in µg/day. Blood samples were collected for measurement of whole blood selenium. RESULTS Mean dietary selenium was 51±25 µg/day. Milk/dairy products, including cheese, contributed 36±14% of total dietary selenium; fish 18±12%; and bread/cereal products 13±6%. Mean whole blood selenium was 117±12 µg/l (range 90-208); nearly 90% of subjects were above the optimal level of 100 µg/l. Fish and bread/cereal products were the only foods significantly correlated with selenium in blood (r=0.32; P=0.002 and r=0.22; P=0.04, respectively) while no correlation was found with milk and dairy products in spite of their greater contribution to total selenium intake. CONCLUSION In this population of Icelandic adolescent girls, selenium intake and status seem acceptable. Judging from associations between intake and blood levels, fish and cereals may be the most important contributors to blood selenium.
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Almon R, Nilsson TK, Sjöström M, Engfeldt P. Lactase persistence and milk consumption are associated with body height in Swedish preadolescents and adolescents. Food Nutr Res 2011; 55:7253. [PMID: 21909290 PMCID: PMC3169089 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v55i0.7253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body height is a classic polygenic trait. About 80%-90% of height is inherited and 10%-20% owed to environmental factors, of which the most important ones are nutrition and diseases in preadolescents and adolescents. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore potential relations between the LCT (lactase) C>T-13910 polymorphism, milk consumption, and body height in a sample of Swedish preadolescents and adolescents. DESIGN In a cross-sectional study, using a random sample of preadolescents and adolescents (n = 597), dietary intakes were determined. Anthropometric measurements including sexual maturity (Tanner stage) and birth weight were assessed. Parental body height and socio-economic status (SES) were obtained by questionnaires. Genotyping for the LCT C>T-13910 polymorphism that renders individuals lactase persistent (LP) or lactase non-persistent (LNP) was performed by DNA sequencing. Stepwise backward multivariate linear regression was used. RESULTS Milk consumption was significantly and positively associated with body height (β = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.040, 0.87, p = 0.032). Adjustments were performed for sex, parental height, birth weight, body mass index (BMI), SES, and Tanner stage. This model explains 90% of the observed variance of body height (adjusted R(2) = 0.89). The presence of the -13910 T allele was positively associated with body height (β = 2.05; 95% CI: 0.18, 3.92, p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Milk consumption is positively associated with body height in preadolescents and adolescents. We show for the first time that a nutrigenetic variant might be able to explain in part phenotypic variation of body height in preadolescents and adolescents. Due to the small sample size further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Almon
- Family Medicine Research Centre, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn K. Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Michael Sjöström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Engfeldt
- Family Medicine Research Centre, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Almon R, Patterson E, Nilsson TK, Engfeldt P, Sjöström M. Body fat and dairy product intake in lactase persistent and non-persistent children and adolescents. Food Nutr Res 2010; 54:5141. [PMID: 20585563 PMCID: PMC2887755 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v54i0.5141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactase non-persistent (LNP) individuals may be lactose intolerant and therefore on a more restricted diet concerning milk and milk products compared to lactase persistent (LP) individuals. This may have an impact on body fat mass. Objective This study examines if LP and LNP children and adolescents, defined by genotyping for the LCT-13910 C > T polymorphism, differ from each other with regard to milk and milk product intake, and measures of body fat mass. Design Children (n=298, mean age 9.6 years) and adolescents (n=386, mean age 15.6 years), belonging to the Swedish part of the European Youth Heart Study, were genotyped for the LCT-13910 C > T polymorphism. Dietary intakes of reduced and full-fat dairy varieties were determined. Results LNP (CC genotype) subjects consumed less milk, soured milk and yoghurt compared to LP (CT/TT genotype) subjects (p<0.001). Subsequent partitioning for age group attenuated this observation (p=0.002 for children and p=0.023 in adolescents). Six subjects were reported by parents to be ‘lactose intolerant’, none of whom were LNP. LNP children and adolescents consumed significantly less reduced fat milk and milk products than LP children and adolescents (p=0.009 for children and p=0.001 for adolescents). Conclusions We conclude that LP is linked to an overall higher milk and dairy intake, but is not linked to higher body fat mass in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Almon
- Family Medicine Research Centre, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden
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