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Serritelli EN, Sartini D, Campagna R, Pozzi V, Martin NI, van Haren MJ, Salvolini E, Cecati M, Rubini C, Emanuelli M. Targeting nicotinamide N-methyltransferase decreased aggressiveness of osteosarcoma cells. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14185. [PMID: 38426563 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone malignancy that mostly affects young people, characterized by high metastatic potential, and a marked chemoresistance that is responsible for disease relapse in most patients. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel molecules to setup targeted strategies to improve the clinical outcome. The enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) catalyses the N-methylation of nicotinamide and other analogs, playing a crucial role in the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics. NNMT overexpression was reported in a wide variety of cancers, and several studies demonstrated that is able to promote cell proliferation, migration and resistance to chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to explore the potential involvement of NNMT in OS. METHODS Immunohistochemical analyses have been performed to evaluate NNMT expression in selected OS and healthy bone tissue samples. Subsequently, OS cell lines have been transfected with vectors targeting NNMT mRNA (shRNAs) and the impact of this downregulation on migration, cell proliferation, and response to chemotherapeutic treatment was also analysed by wound healing, MTT, SRB and Trypan blue assays, respectively. RESULTS Results showed that OS samples display a significantly higher NNMT expression compared with healthy tissue. Preliminary results suggest that NNMT silencing in OS cell lines is associated to a decrease of cell proliferation and migration, as well as to enhanced sensitivity to chemotherapy. Data obtained showed that NNMT may represent an interesting marker for OS detection and a promising target for effective anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Serritelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - D Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Campagna
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - V Pozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - N I Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M J van Haren
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E Salvolini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Cecati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - C Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Rehan M, Deskin B, Kurundkar AR, Yadav S, Matsunaga Y, Manges J, Smith N, Dsouza KG, Burow ME, Thannickal VJ. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase mediates lipofibroblast-myofibroblast transition and apoptosis resistance. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105027. [PMID: 37423298 PMCID: PMC10413354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism controls cellular phenotype and fate. In this report, we demonstrate that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), a metabolic enzyme that regulates developmental stem cell transitions and tumor progression, is highly expressed in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lungs, and is induced by the pro-fibrotic cytokine, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in lung fibroblasts. NNMT silencing reduces the expression of extracellular matrix proteins, both constitutively and in response to TGF-β1. Furthermore, NNMT controls the phenotypic transition from homeostatic, pro-regenerative lipofibroblasts to pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts. This effect of NNMT is mediated, in part, by the downregulation of lipogenic transcription factors, TCF21 and PPARγ, and the induction of a less proliferative but more differentiated myofibroblast phenotype. NNMT confers an apoptosis-resistant phenotype to myofibroblasts that is associated with the downregulation of pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, including Bim and PUMA. Together, these studies indicate a critical role for NNMT in the metabolic reprogramming of fibroblasts to a pro-fibrotic and apoptosis-resistant phenotype and support the concept that targeting this enzyme may promote regenerative responses in chronic fibrotic disorders such as IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rehan
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
| | - Brian Deskin
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ashish R Kurundkar
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Santosh Yadav
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yasuka Matsunaga
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Justin Manges
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nia Smith
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kevin G Dsouza
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Matthew E Burow
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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Fang T, Zhang J. Binding Affinity Studies of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase and Ligands by Saturation Transfer Difference NMR. Protein Pept Lett 2023; 30:734-742. [PMID: 37622714 DOI: 10.2174/0929866530666230824153356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) catalyzes the N-methylation of nicotinamide with S-adenosine-L-methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor. Abnormal expression of NNMT is associated with many diseases (such as multiple cancers and metabolic and liver diseases), making NNMT a potential therapeutic target. Limited studies concerning the enzymesubstrate/ inhibitor interactions could be found to fully understand the detailed reaction mechanism. METHODS The binding affinity and ligand binding epitopes of nicotinamide or SAH for binding NNMT and its mutants were determined using saturated transfer difference (STD) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques combined with site-directed mutagenesis. RESULTS The average dissociation constant of WT NNMT with nicotinamide and S-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) was 5.5 ± 0.9 mM and 1.2 ± 0.3 mM, respectively, while the mutants Y20F and Y20G with nicotinamide were up to nearly 4 times and 20 times that of WT and with SAH nearly 2 times and 5 times that of WT. The data suggested that WT had the highest binding affinity for nicotinamide or SAH, followed by Y20F and Y20G, which was consistent with its catalytic activity. CONCLUSION The binding affinity of nicotinamide and SAH to NNMT and its mutants were obtained by STD NMR in this study. It was found that nicotinamide and SAH bind to WT in a particular orientation, and Y20 is critical for their binding orientation and affinity to NNMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Stępińska O, Dymkowska D, Mateuszuk Ł, Zabłocki K. Lipopolysaccharide affects energy metabolism and elevates nicotinamide N-methyltransferase level in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022;:106292. [PMID: 36038127 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the putative role of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in the metabolic response of human aortic endothelial cells. This enzyme catalyses S-adenosylmethionine-mediated methylation of nicotinamide to methylnicotinamide. This reaction is accompanied by the reduction of the intracellular nicotinamide and S-adenosylmethionine content. This may affect NAD+ synthesis and various processes of methylation, including epigenetic modifications of chromatin. Particularly high activity of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase is detected in liver, many neoplasms as well as in various cells in stressful conditions. The elevated nicotinamide N-methyltransferase content was also found in endothelial cells treated with statins. Although the exogenous methylnicotinamide has been postulated to induce a vasodilatory response, the specific metabolic role of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in vascular endothelium is still unclear. Treatment of endothelial cells with bacterial lipopolysaccharide evokes several metabolic and functional consequences which built a multifaceted physiological response of endothelium to bacterial infection. Among the spectrum of biochemical changes substantially elevated protein level of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase was particularly intriguing. Here it has been shown that silencing of the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase gene influences several changes which are observed in cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. They include altered energy metabolism and rearrangement of the mitochondrial network. A complete explanation of the mechanisms behind the protective consequences of the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase deficiency in cells treated with lipopolysaccharide needs further investigation.
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Novak Kujundžić R. COVID-19: Are We Facing Secondary Pellagra Which Cannot Simply Be Cured by Vitamin B3? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084309. [PMID: 35457123 PMCID: PMC9032523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and ensuing inflammation pose a huge challenge to the host’s nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism. Humans depend on vitamin B3 for biosynthesis of NAD+, indispensable for many metabolic and NAD+-consuming signaling reactions. The balance between its utilization and resynthesis is vitally important. Many extra-pulmonary symptoms of COVID-19 strikingly resemble those of pellagra, vitamin B3 deficiency (e.g., diarrhoea, dermatitis, oral cavity and tongue manifestations, loss of smell and taste, mental confusion). In most developed countries, pellagra is successfully eradicated by vitamin B3 fortification programs. Thus, conceivably, it has not been suspected as a cause of COVID-19 symptoms. Here, the deregulation of the NAD+ metabolism in response to the SARS-CoV-2 infection is reviewed, with special emphasis on the differences in the NAD+ biosynthetic pathway’s efficiency in conditions predisposing for the development of serious COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced NAD+ depletion and the elevated levels of its metabolites contribute to the development of a systemic disease. Acute liberation of nicotinamide (NAM) in antiviral NAD+-consuming reactions potentiates “NAM drain”, cooperatively mediated by nicotinamide N-methyltransferase and aldehyde oxidase. “NAM drain” compromises the NAD+ salvage pathway’s fail-safe function. The robustness of the host’s NAD+ salvage pathway, prior to the SARS-CoV-2 infection, is an important determinant of COVID-19 severity and persistence of certain symptoms upon resolution of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Novak Kujundžić
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Yao E, Yang X, Huang X, Mi Y, Wu X, Fang M, Huang J, Qiu Y, Hong X, Peng L, Ren J, Huang R, Chen C, Yang L, Zhou Y, Zhuo R, Jin X, Zhao Y. Phytochemical wedelolactone reverses obesity by prompting adipose browning through SIRT1/AMPK/ PPARα pathway via targeting nicotinamide N-methyltransferase. Phytomedicine 2022; 94:153843. [PMID: 34785414 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is the cause of multiple metabolic disorders, and its incidence has been rapidly increasing worldwide. It develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure (EE). Wedelolactone (WDL) is a naturally isolated compound from Eclipta prostrata L. and possesses many pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the effect of WDL on obesity and EE. PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the effect of WDL on obesity and EE in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and its underlying mechanism. METHODS Obese mice were induced by high fat diet. The effects of WDL on obese mice were assessed by examining body weight, fat mass, EE, glucose tolerance, and hepatic and kidney injury. 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated into mature adipocytes and incubated with WDL in vitro. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time PCR were used to assess adipose browning. The inhibitory efficiency of WDL on nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) was evaluated using a fluorescence assay. RESULTS WDL reduced fat mass, suppressed body weight gain, and improved obesity-related metabolic disorders in DIO mice. WDL treatment promoted adipose browning and enhanced EE in both DIO mice and 3T3-L1 cells. These effects were eliminated in AMPK antagonized or PPARα knockdown cells and in PPARα-/- mice. Furthermore, we identified the target of WDL to be NNMT, an appealing target for regulating energy metabolism. WDL inhibited NNMT with an extremely low IC50 of 0.03 µM. Inhibition of NNMT and activation of SIRT1/AMPK/PPARα explains how WDL reverses obesity by prompting adipose browning. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the novel effects of WDL in promoting adipose browning, enhancing EE and attenuating obesity and uncover the underlying mechanism, which includes inhibition of NNMT and subsequently activation of SIRT1/AMPK/PPARα in response to WDL. WDL could be further developed as a therapeutic agent for treating obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhui Yao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;; Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Xiazhen Yang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;; Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;; Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuchen Mi
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Meijuan Fang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;; Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoting Hong
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lu Peng
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Caixia Chen
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rengong Zhuo
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;.
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Togni L, Mascitti M, Sartini D, Campagna R, Pozzi V, Salvolini E, Offidani A, Santarelli A, Emanuelli M. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase in Head and Neck Tumors: A Comprehensive Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1594. [PMID: 34827592 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The head and neck tumors (HNT) are a heterogeneous group of diseases ranging from benign to malignant lesions, with distinctive molecular and clinical behaviors. Several studies have highlighted the presence of an altered metabolic phenotype in HNT, such as the upregulation of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). However, its biological effects have not been completely disclosed and the role of NNMT in cancer cell metabolism remains unclear. Therefore, this comprehensive review aims to evaluate the available literature regarding the biological, diagnostic, and prognostic role of NNMT in HNT. NNMT was shown to be significantly overexpressed in all of the evaluated HNT types. Moreover, its upregulation has been correlated with cancer cell migration and adverse clinical outcomes, such as high-pathological stage, lymph node metastasis, and locoregional recurrences. However, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) these associations are still debated, and several studies have failed to demonstrate the prognostic significance of NNMT. The shRNA-mediated gene silencing efficiently suppressed the NNMT gene expression and exhibited a clear inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, promoting the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and modulating the cell cycle. NNMT could represent a new molecular biomarker and a new target of molecular-based therapy, although further studies on larger patient cohorts are needed to explore its biological role in HNT.
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Campagna R, Pozzi V, Sartini D, Salvolini E, Brisigotti V, Molinelli E, Campanati A, Offidani A, Emanuelli M. Beyond Nicotinamide Metabolism: Potential Role of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase as a Biomarker in Skin Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13. [PMID: 34638427 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancers (SC) collectively represent the most common type of malignancy in white populations. SC includes two main forms: malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). NMSC includes different subtypes, namely, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), and keratoacanthoma (KA), together with the two pre-neoplastic conditions Bowen disease (BD) and actinic keratosis (AK). Both malignant melanoma and NMSC are showing an increasing incidence rate worldwide, thus representing an important challenge for health care systems, also because, with some exceptions, SC are generally characterized by an aggressive behavior and are often diagnosed late. Thus, identifying new biomarkers suitable for diagnosis, as well as for prognosis and targeted therapy is mandatory. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is an enzyme that is emerging as a crucial player in the progression of several malignancies, while its substrate, nicotinamide, is known to exert chemopreventive effects. Since there is increasing evidence regarding the involvement of this enzyme in the malignant behavior of SC, the current review aims to summarize the state of the art as concerns NNMT role in SC and to support future studies focused on exploring the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NNMT in skin malignancies and its suitability for targeted therapy.
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Li G, Fang S, Shao X, Li Y, Tong Q, Kong B, Chen L, Wang Y, Yang J, Yu H, Xie X, Zhang J. Curcumin Reverses NNMT-Induced 5-Fluorouracil Resistance via Increasing ROS and Cell Cycle Arrest in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1295. [PMID: 34572508 PMCID: PMC8470329 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) plays multiple roles in improving the aggressiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) and enhancing resistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), making it an attractive therapeutic target. Curcumin (Cur) is a promising natural compound, exhibiting multiple antitumor effects and potentiating the effect of 5-FU. The aim of the present study is to explore the effect of Cur on attenuating NNMT-induced resistance to 5-FU in CRC. A panel of CRC cell lines with different NNMT expressions are used to characterize the effect of Cur. Herein, it is observed that Cur can depress the expression of NNMT and p-STAT3 in CRC cells. Furthermore, Cur can induce inhibition of cell proliferation, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, especially in high-NNMT-expression CRC cell lines. Cur can also re-sensitize high-NNMT-expression CRC cells to 5-FU both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, it is proposed that Cur can reverse NNMT-induced cell proliferation and 5-FU resistance through ROS generation and cell cycle arrest. Given that Cur has long been used, we suppose that Cur is a promising anticancer drug candidate with minimal side effects for human CRC therapy and can attenuate NNMT-induced resistance to 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Sining Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xiao Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yejia Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Qingchao Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Beibei Kong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Lifen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yanzhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xinyou Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China; (G.L.); (S.F.); (X.S.); (Y.L.); (Q.T.); (B.K.); (L.C.); (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (H.Y.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Campagna R, Pozzi V, Spinelli G, Sartini D, Milanese G, Galosi AB, Emanuelli M. The Utility of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase as a Potential Biomarker to Predict the Oncological Outcomes for Urological Cancers: An Update. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1214. [PMID: 34439880 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) catalyzes the N-methylation reaction of nicotinamide, using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as the methyl donor. Enzyme overexpression has been described in many non-neoplastic diseases, as well as in a wide range of solid malignancies. This review aims to report and discuss evidence available in scientific literature, dealing with NNMT expression and the potential involvement in main urologic neoplasms, namely, renal, bladder and prostate cancers. Data illustrated in the cited studies clearly demonstrated NNMT upregulation (pathological vs. normal tissue) in association with these aforementioned tumors. In addition to this, enzyme levels were also found to correlate with key prognostic parameters and patient survival. Interestingly, NNMT overexpression also emerged in peripheral body fluids, such as blood and urine, thus leading to candidate the enzyme as promising biomarker for the early and non-invasive detection of these cancers. Examined results undoubtedly showed NNMT as having the capacity to promote cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness, as well as its potential participation in fundamental events highlighting cancer progression, metastasis and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. In the light of this evidence, it is reasonable to attribute to NNMT a promising role as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of urologic neoplasms, as well as a molecular target for effective anti-cancer treatment.
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Novak Kujundžić R, Prpić M, Đaković N, Dabelić N, Tomljanović M, Mojzeš A, Fröbe A, Trošelj KG. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase in Acquisition of Stem Cell Properties and Therapy Resistance in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5681. [PMID: 34073600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is tightly linked to the maintenance of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) level. This enzyme catalyzes methylation of nicotinamide (NAM) into methyl nicotinamide (MNAM), which is either excreted or further metabolized to N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2-PY) and H2O2. Enzymatic activity of NNMT is important for the prevention of NAM-mediated inhibition of NAD+-consuming enzymes poly-adenosine -diphosphate (ADP), ribose polymerases (PARPs), and sirtuins (SIRTs). Inappropriately high expression and activity of NNMT, commonly present in various types of cancer, has the potential to disrupt NAD+ homeostasis and cellular methylation potential. Largely overlooked, in the context of cancer, is the inhibitory effect of 2-PY on PARP-1 activity, which abrogates NNMT's positive effect on cellular NAD+ flux by stalling liberation of NAM and reducing NAD+ synthesis in the salvage pathway. This review describes, and discusses, the mechanisms by which NNMT promotes NAD+ depletion and epigenetic reprogramming, leading to the development of metabolic plasticity, evasion of a major tumor suppressive process of cellular senescence, and acquisition of stem cell properties. All these phenomena are related to therapy resistance and worse clinical outcomes.
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12
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Akar S, Duran T, Azzawri AA, Koçak N, Çelik Ç, Yıldırım Hİ. Small molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase shows anti-proliferative activity in HeLa cells. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 41:1240-1245. [PMID: 33645410 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1854696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The anti-proliferative effects of 5-methylquinolinium (5MQ) of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) have not been previously investigated on a cervical cancer cell line. NNMT is a metabolic enzyme that is correlated with tumour progression and metastasis. 5MQ is a small molecule inhibitor of NNMT. 0.1-500 μM of 5MQ was tested on the HeLa epithelial cervical cancer cell line. Cell viability was assessed with the MTT test. TWIST, ZEB1, SERPIN1, SIRT1, CD16, mRNA and various protein expression levels were analysed with Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western Blotting, respectively. 5MQ significantly inhibited HeLa cell proliferation in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Increased cell shrinkage, loss of cellular adhesions and apoptotic bodies were observed in HeLa cells after 5MQ treatment. Following treatment with 5MQ, ZEB1, SIRT1, CD16 mRNA levels were increased while TWIST and SERPIN1 mRNA levels were reduced. Expressions of oncogenic proteins phospho-Akt and SIRT1 were decreased. 5MQ can effectively inhibit HeLa cell proliferation without apparently affecting HEK-293 cell proliferation.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? NNMT is a cytosolic enzyme involved in tumour progression, metastasis and treatment resistance. It was overexpressed in many human malignancies. 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium (5MQ) is a novel small molecule inhibitor of NNMT that has shown promising results in the treatment of obesity and in senescent muscle regeneration. 5MQ has not been tested on the HeLa cervical cancer cell line, previously.What do the results of this study add? In this study, 5MQ was tested on the HeLa cervical cancer cell line for the first time and the molecular changes associated with 5MQ treatment were analysed. 5MQ demonstrated significant anti-proliferative activity on HeLa cells, which displayed morphological signs of apoptosis. Treatment of HeLa cells with 5MQ led to an increase in ZEB1, SIRT1 mRNA while TWIST mRNA was decreased. Phospho-Akt and Sirtuin1 protein expressions were decreased.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? 5MQ can effectively inhibit HeLa cell proliferation without apparently affecting HEK-293 cell proliferation. 5MQ treatment was associated with a decrease in the expression of phospho-Akt and Sirtuin1 proteins, both of which have been reported to maintain tumour progression. 5MQ can further be investigated and modified for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serra Akar
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Gynecological Oncology, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Duran
- Faculty of Medicine, KTO, Department of Medical Genetics, Karatay University, Konya, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ali Ahmed Azzawri
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Nadir Koçak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Selçuk Univeristy, Konya, Turkey
| | - Çetin Çelik
- Faculty of Medicine, Division of Gynecological Oncology, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Yıldırım
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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13
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Rivas MP, Aguiar TFM, Maschietto M, Lemes RB, Caires-Júnior LC, Goulart E, Telles-Silva KA, Novak E, Cristofani LM, Odone V, Cypriano M, de Toledo SRC, Carraro DM, Escobar MQ, Lee H, Johnston M, da Costa CML, da Cunha IW, Tasic L, Pearson PL, Rosenberg C, Timchenko N, Krepischi ACV. Hepatoblastomas exhibit marked NNMT downregulation driven by promoter DNA hypermethylation. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320977124. [PMID: 33256542 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320977124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastomas exhibit the lowest mutational burden among pediatric tumors. We previously showed that epigenetic disruption is crucial for hepatoblastoma carcinogenesis. Our data revealed hypermethylation of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase, a highly expressed gene in adipocytes and hepatocytes. The expression pattern and the role of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in pediatric liver tumors have not yet been explored, and this study aimed to evaluate the effect of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase hypermethylation in hepatoblastomas. We evaluated 45 hepatoblastomas and 26 non-tumoral liver samples. We examined in hepatoblastomas if the observed nicotinamide N-methyltransferase promoter hypermethylation could lead to dysregulation of expression by measuring mRNA and protein levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot assays. The potential impact of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase changes was evaluated on the metabolic profile by high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Significant nicotinamide N-methyltransferase downregulation was revealed in hepatoblastomas, with two orders of magnitude lower nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression in tumor samples and hepatoblastoma cell lines than in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. A specific TSS1500 CpG site (cg02094283) of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase was hypermethylated in tumors, with an inverse correlation between its methylation level and nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression. A marked global reduction of the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase protein was validated in tumors, with strong correlation between gene and protein expression. Of note, higher nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression was statistically associated with late hepatoblastoma diagnosis, a known clinical variable of worse prognosis. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis detected aberrant lipid metabolism in hepatoblastomas. Data presented here showed the first evidence that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase reduction occurs in hepatoblastomas, providing further support that the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase downregulation is a wide phenomenon in liver cancer. Furthermore, this study unraveled the role of DNA methylation in the regulation of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression in hepatoblastomas, in addition to evaluate the potential effect of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase reduction in the metabolism of these tumors. These preliminary findings also suggested that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase level may be a potential prognostic biomarker for hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Prates Rivas
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita Ferreira Marques Aguiar
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Renan B Lemes
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Caires-Júnior
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Goulart
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kayque Alves Telles-Silva
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estela Novak
- Pediatric Cancer Institute (ITACI) at the Pediatric Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,Molecular Genetics-São Paulo's Blood Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Maria Cristofani
- Pediatric Cancer Institute (ITACI) at the Pediatric Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vicente Odone
- Pediatric Cancer Institute (ITACI) at the Pediatric Department, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Cypriano
- Department of Pediatric, Adolescent and Child with Cancer Support Group (GRAACC), Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Caminada de Toledo
- Department of Pediatric, Adolescent and Child with Cancer Support Group (GRAACC), Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- International Center for Research, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melissa Quintero Escobar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael Johnston
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Isabela Werneck da Cunha
- Department of Pathology, Rede D'OR São Luiz, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Peter L Pearson
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Rosenberg
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nikolai Timchenko
- Department of Surgery, Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Trošelj KG, Samaržija I, Tomljanović M, Kujundžić RN, Đaković N, Mojzeš A. Implementing Curcumin in Translational Oncology Research. Molecules 2020; 25:E5240. [PMID: 33182817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most data published on curcumin and curcumin-based formulations are very promising. In cancer research, the majority of data has been obtained in vitro. Less frequently, researchers used experimental animals. The results of several clinical studies are conclusive, and these studies have established a good foundation for further research focusing on implementing curcumin in clinical oncology. However, the issues regarding timely data reporting and lack of disclosure of the exact curcumin formulations used in these studies should not be neglected. This article is a snapshot of the current status of publicly available data on curcumin clinical trials and a detailed presentation of results obtained so far with some curcumin formulations. Phenomena related to the observed effects of curcumin shown in clinical trials are presented, and its modifying effect on gut microbiota and metabolic reprogramming is discussed. Based on available data, there is a strong indication that curcumin and its metabolites present molecules that do not necessarily need to be abundant in order to act locally and benefit systemically. Future clinical studies should be designed in a way that will take that fact into consideration.
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15
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Dymkowska D, Wrzosek A, Zabłocki K. Atorvastatin and pravastatin stimulate nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species generation, affect mitochondrial network architecture and elevate nicotinamide N-methyltransferase level in endothelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:1076-1088. [PMID: 33073877 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Statins belong to the most often prescribed medications, which efficiently normalise hyperlipidaemia and prevent cardiovascular complications in obese and diabetic patients. However, beside expected therapeutic results based on the inhibition of 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, these drugs exert multiple side effects of poorly understood characteristic. In this study, side effects of pravastatin and atorvastatin on EA.hy926 endothelial cell line were investigated. It was found that both statins activate proinflammatory response, elevate nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and stimulate antioxidative response in these cells. Moreover, only slight stimulation of the mitochondrial biogenesis and significant changes in the mitochondrial network organisation have been noted. Although biochemical bases behind these effects are not clear, they may partially be explained as an elevation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and an increased activating phosphorylation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), which were observed in statins-treated cells. In addition, both statins increased nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) protein level that may explain a reduced fraction of methylated histone H3. Interestingly, a substantial reduction of the total level of histone H3 in cells treated with pravastatin but not atorvastatin was also observed. These results indicate a potential additional biochemical target for statins related to reduced histone H3 methylation due to increased NNMT protein level. Thus, NNMT may directly modify gene activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Dymkowska
- The Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- The Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zabłocki
- The Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Cui Y, Yang D, Wang W, Zhang L, Liu H, Ma S, Guo W, Yao M, Zhang K, Li W, Zhang Y, Guan F. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase decreases 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through metabolic reprogramming and promoting the Warburg effect. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:940-954. [PMID: 32367570 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumor with poor prognosis. And different individuals respond to the same drug differently. Increasing evidence has confirmed that metabolism reprogramming was involved in the drug sensitivity of tumor cells. However, the potential molecular mechanism of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity remains to be elucidated in ESCC cells. In this study, we found that the 5-FU sensitivity of TE1 cells was lower than that of EC1 and Eca109 cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis results showed that nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly different in these three cell lines. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), a key enzyme of nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, was significantly higher expressed in TE1 cells than that in EC1 and Eca109 cells. Therefore, the function of NNMT on 5-FU sensitivity was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. NNMT downregulation significantly increased 5-FU sensitivity in TE1 cells. Meanwhile, the glucose consumption and lactate production were decreased, and the expression of glycolysis-related enzymes hexokinase 2, lactate dehydrogenase A, and phosphoglycerate mutase 1 were downregulated in NNMT knockdown TE1 cells. Besides, overexpression of NNMT in EC1 and Eca109 cells caused the opposite effects. Moreover, when glycolysis was inhibited by 2-deoxyglucose, the roles of NNMT on 5-FU sensitivity was weakened. In vivo experiments showed that NNMT knockdown significantly increased the sensitivity of xenografts to 5-FU and suppressed the Warburg effect. Overall, these results demonstrated that NNMT decreases 5-FU sensitivity in human ESCC cells through promoting the Warburg effect, suggesting that NNMT may contribute to predict the treatment effects of the clinical chemotherapy in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Dawei Yang
- Zhongyuan Academy of Biological Medicine, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Luyu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Wenna Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Minghao Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Wencai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou.,Clinical Research Guidance Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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17
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Pozzi V, Salvolini E, Lucarini G, Salvucci A, Campagna R, Rubini C, Sartini D, Emanuelli M. Cancer stem cell enrichment is associated with enhancement of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase expression. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1415-1425. [PMID: 32150326 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell theory states that a subset of tumor cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), has the ability to self-renew and differentiate within the tumors. According to this theory, CSCs would be mainly responsible for tumor initiation, progression, resistance to therapy, recurrence, and metastasis. In this study, a culture system was setup to enrich CSCs from bladder cancer (T24), lung cancer (A549), colorectal cancer (CaCo-2), and osteosarcoma (MG63) cell lines, through sphere formation. Magnetic-activated cell sorting was also used to further increase CSC enrichment. Subsequently, molecular characterization of CSC-enriched cell populations and parental cells was carried out, by exploring the expression levels of stem markers and the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). Results obtained showed a significant upregulation of stem cell markers in CSC-enriched populations, obtained upon sphere formation, compared with parental counterparts. Moreover, NNMT expression levels were markedly increased in samples enriched with CSCs with respect to control cells. Considering the fundamental role played by CSCs in carcinogenesis, reported data strengthen the hypothesis that sustains a pivotal role of NNMT in cancer growth and metastasis. In addition, these findings could represent an important achievement for the development of new and effective anticancer therapies, based on CSC-associated targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.,New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Salvolini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Guendalina Lucarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Salvucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Campagna
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Sartini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Emanuelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.,New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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18
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Holstein S, Venz S, Junker H, Walther R, Stope MB, Zimmermann U. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase and Its Precursor Substrate Methionine Directly and Indirectly Control Malignant Metabolism During Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2019; 39:5427-5436. [PMID: 31570437 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common tumor diseases in adults, and new specific biomarkers are urgently needed to define diagnosis and prognosis of patients with RCC as well as monitor the outcome of therapeutic interventions. The enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is believed to represent such a marker molecule in RCC therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS NNMT expression was examined by western blotting in samples from patients with RCC and in RCC cell lines. Effects of NNMT on cell growth and metabolism were assessed using the Hoechst 33342 reagent assay and Vita-Orange cell viability assay. Incubation experiments were performed to study the influence of methionine and interleukin-6 (IL6) on expression of NNMT. RESULTS In patient samples, NNMT was up-regulated depending on the stage of progression. Investigations in an RCC cell culture model showed that after modulation of NNMT expression, cellular metabolism, but not cell growth was affected. This regulatory function was also dependent on the presence of the NNMT precursor substrate methionine and IL6. CONCLUSION The metabolism-regulatory activity of NNMT depends on the precursor substrate methionine and the presence of IL6. The function of methionine appears to be dependent on the stage of progression, since in individual RCC cell lines, opposing effects on metabolism were demonstrated. This, in turn, reflects the thoroughly complex situation in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Holstein
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simone Venz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Heike Junker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Reinhard Walther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias B Stope
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Zimmermann
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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19
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You Z, Liu Y, Liu X. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase enhances the progression of prostate cancer by stabilizing sirtuin 1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9195-9201. [PMID: 29805651 PMCID: PMC5958777 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is upregulated in the tissues of patients with prostate cancer (PCa); however, the specific underlying mechanism of this remains unclear. To begin with, the expression of NNMT was investigated in the peripheral blood of patients with PCa and of healthy control subjects. The results indicated that the expression level of NNMT was elevated in the peripheral blood and tissues of patients with PCa. Furthermore, the overexpression of NNMT enhanced PC-3 cell viability, invasion and migration capacity. Additionally, the overexpression of NNMT significantly increased the mRNA level of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in PC-3 cells. In addition, nicotinamide treatment significantly suppressed the expression of SIRT1 even in PC-3 cells transfected with adeno-associated virus-NNMT. Furthermore, the PC-3 cell invasion capacity was notably decreased by the nicotinamide treatment; however, such effects were largely abolished by the overexpression of NNMT in PC-3 cells. These data indicated that NNMT enhanced PC-3 cell migration and invasion mainly by regulating SIRT1 expression. In summary, the present study indicated that NNMT is an important regulator of SIRT1 expression in PC-3 cells and may be a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu You
- Department of Oncology, 202 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, Liaoning 110812, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncology, 202 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, Liaoning 110812, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- Department of Oncology, 202 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, Liaoning 110812, P.R. China
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20
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Kanska J, Aspuria PJP, Taylor-Harding B, Spurka L, Funari V, Orsulic S, Karlan BY, Wiedemeyer WR. Glucose deprivation elicits phenotypic plasticity via ZEB1-mediated expression of NNMT. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26200-26220. [PMID: 28412735 PMCID: PMC5432250 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is considered the primary energy source for all cells, and some cancers are addicted to glucose. Here, we investigated the functional consequences of chronic glucose deprivation in serous ovarian cancer cells. We found that cells resistant to glucose starvation (glucose-restricted cells) demonstrated increased metabolic plasticity that was dependent on NNMT (Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) expression. We further show that ZEB1 induced NNMT, rendered cells resistant to glucose deprivation and recapitulated metabolic adaptations and mesenchymal gene expression observed in glucose-restricted cells. NNMT depletion reversed metabolic plasticity in glucose-restricted cells and prevented de novo formation of glucose-restricted colonies. In addition to its role in glucose independence, we found that NNMT was required for other ZEB1-induced phenotypes, such as increased migration. NNMT protein levels were also elevated in metastatic and recurrent tumors compared to matched primary carcinomas, while normal ovary and fallopian tube tissue had no detectable NNMT expression. Our studies define a novel ZEB1/NNMT signaling axis, which elicits mesenchymal gene expression, as well as phenotypic and metabolic plasticity in ovarian cancer cells upon chronic glucose starvation. Understanding the causes of cancer cell plasticity is crucial for the development of therapeutic strategies to counter intratumoral heterogeneity, acquired drug resistance and recurrence in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kanska
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Paul-Joseph P Aspuria
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Barbie Taylor-Harding
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lindsay Spurka
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Vincent Funari
- Genomics Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - W Ruprecht Wiedemeyer
- Women's Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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21
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Liang L, Zeng M, Pan H, Liu H, He Y. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells by activating transforming growth factor-β1 expression. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541230 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is aberrantly expressed in a number of tumors. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the gene and protein levels of NNMT were significantly increased in gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, upregulation of NNMT significantly increased the expression of mesenchymal markers, including α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin and fibronectin, but decreased the levels of epithelial cadherin. Since transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 may serve a key function in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the effects of NNMT on the expression of TGF-β1 were investigated in BGC-823 cells. The results demonstrated that overexpression of NNMT significantly induced the expression of TGF-β1. However, knockdown of NNMT inhibited the expression of TGF-β1, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)2 and α-SMA. Additionally, pre-incubation with TGF-β1 partially eliminated NNMT-mediated changes in EMT. Collectively, the results demonstrated that upregulation of NNMT in gastric cancer cells may increase the expression of TGF-β1, therefore activating TGF-β1/Smad signaling, which in turn promotes EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liang
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Pan
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Yangke He
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
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22
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Xu Y, Liu P, Zheng DH, Wu N, Zhu L, Xing C, Zhu J. Expression profile and prognostic value of NNMT in patients with pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:19975-81. [PMID: 26942567 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The elevation of Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has been reported in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines, but its clinical and prognostic implications remain controversial. This study aimed at investigating the expression of NNMT in pancreatic benign and malignant tissues and the prognostic value of NNMT in pancreatic cancer. The expression of NNMT in tissue specimens of 28 chronic pancreatitis patients and 178 pancreatic cancer patients were assayed with immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray. The NNMT expression levels of pancreatic patients were correlated with their clinicopathological characteristics. The influences of NNMT expression and patients' clinicopathological characteristics on overall survival (OS) were analyzed. The percentage of NNMT high expression (NNMTh) in pancreatic cancer (55.6%) was significantly higher than those in chronic pancreatitis (21.4%) and paracancerous tissues (14.8%) (p < 0.001). NNMTh tends to significantly correlate with unfavorable clinicopathological features such as age > 60 years old (p = 0.014), tumor diameter > 4 cm (p < 0.001), TNM stage III or IV (p < 0.001) and poor tumor differentiation (p = 0.004). The median OS of patients with NNMTh and NNMTl were 7.0 months (95% CI: 5.275–8.725) and 11.5 months (95% CI: 9.759–13.241) respectively (p = 0.005). On multivariate analysis, NNMTl (hazards ratio [HR]: 0.399; 95% CI: 0.284–0.560; p < 0.001), absence of neurological involvement (HR: 0.651; 95% CI: 0.421–0.947; p = 0.041), TNM stage I or II (HR: 0.506; 95% CI: 0.299–0.719; p = 0.015) and well tumor differentiation (HR: 0.592; 95% CI: 0.319–0.894; p = 0.044) were significant favorable prognostic factors of OS. In conclusion, NNMT is upregulated in pancreatic cancer, correlates with unfavorable clinicopathological features and may serve as an independent prognosticator of patients' survival.
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23
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Xie X, Liu H, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Yu H, Li G, Ruan Z, Li F, Wang X, Zhang J. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase enhances resistance to 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer cells through inhibition of the ASK1-p38 MAPK pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45837-45848. [PMID: 27323852 PMCID: PMC5216764 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), which converts nicotinamide to 1-methylnicotinamide (1-MNA), is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers and serves as a potential anti-cancer target. In this study, we investigated the effect of NNMT on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and the underlying mechanisms. Our results show that down-regulation of NNMT in CRC HT-29 cells diminishes 5-FU resistance, while over expression of NNMT in SW480 cells enhances it. NNMT reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by 5-FU by increasing 1-MNA in CRC cells. The reduction in ROS leads to inactivation of the ASK1-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which reduces 5-FU-induced apoptosis. In vivo, NNMT attenuates 5-FU-induced inhibition of CRC tumor growth in nude mice. These observations suggest that NNMT and the 1-MNA it produces inhibit the ASK1-p38 MAPK pathway, resulting in increased CRC cell resistance to 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyou Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Huixing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Yanwen Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Guiling Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Ruan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Fengying Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
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24
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Ishibashi K, Ishii K, Sugiyama G, Sumida T, Sugiura T, Kamata YU, Seki K, Fujinaga T, Kumamaru W, Kobayashi Y, Hiyake N, Nakano H, Yamada T, Mori Y. Deregulation of Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase and Gap Junction Protein Alpha-1 Causes Metastasis in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:187-197. [PMID: 29277772 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the salivary glands and frequently metastasizes. The aim of this study was to identify factors mediating AdCC metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established three AdCC cell lines by orthotropic transplantation and in vivo selection: parental, highly metastatic (ACCS-M-GFP), and lymph node metastatic (ACCS-LN-GFP) cells. RESULTS We examined the three cell lines. DNA microarray indicated significantly altered processes in ACCS-LN-GFP cells: particularly, the expression of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) was enhanced the most. NNMT is associated with tumorigenesis and is a potential tumor biomarker. Concomitantly, we found-significant down-regulation of gap junction protein alpha-1. We suggest that ACCS-LN-GFP cells acquire cancer stem cell features involving the up-regulation of NNMT and the loss of gap junction protein alpha-1, leading to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and consequent AdCC metastasis. CONCLUSION NNMT is a potential biomarker of AdCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Ishibashi
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ishii
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Goro Sugiyama
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoki Sumida
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sugiura
- Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Y U Kamata
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Seki
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fujinaga
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wataru Kumamaru
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kobayashi
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naomi Hiyake
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakano
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamada
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Mori
- Section of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Li JH, Chen W, Zhu XJ, Lin YJ, Qiu LQ, Cai CX, Wang YH, Xiong Q, Chen F, Chen LH. Associations of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with sport performance and relative maximal oxygen uptake. J Sports Sci 2016; 35:2185-2190. [PMID: 27900880 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1261176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To observe the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) gene and sport performance and to analyse genotype associations of the associated SNPs with sport performance and relative maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]). Participants were selected from 685 Chinese Han male college students. The completion times of a 1000-m run and a 50-m run were used to reflect sport performance, respectively. Nineteen tagSNPs were genotyped with Polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction. Relative [Formula: see text] was directly determined with a cardiopulmonary function analyser. A significant association was found between rs2256292 and 1000-m run performance, but no significant association was found between any tagSNPs and 50-m run performance. The genotype associations of rs2256292 with 1000-m run performance and with relative [Formula: see text] were both significant under the recessive model (CC vs. CG + GG). No tagSNP in NNMT is significantly associated with 50-m run performance but rs2256292 is significantly associated with 1000-m run performance. The genotype associations of rs2256292 with sport performance are significant under recessive model, and a higher relative [Formula: see text] may be the physiological reason for minor homozygote CC carriers being of the better 1000-m runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hua Li
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China.,b Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Wei Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Ya-Jun Lin
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Li-Qiang Qiu
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Can-Xin Cai
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Qun Xiong
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Fei Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
| | - Li-Hui Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Training Monitoring and Intervention of Aquatic Sports of General Administration of Sport of China, Institute of Physical Education , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , China
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26
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Zhou W, Gui M, Zhu M, Long Z, Huang L, Zhou J, He L, Zhong K. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase is overexpressed in prostate cancer and correlates with prolonged progression-free and overall survival times. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1175-1180. [PMID: 25120681 PMCID: PMC4114624 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide N -methyltransferase (NNMT) has been identified to be associated with tumorigenesis and the malignant transformation of numerous types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to explore the expression and prognostic significance of NNMT in prostate cancer (PCa). Immunohistochemical NNMT expression was examined in 26 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), 18 cases of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and 120 cases of PCa. While rarely expressed in BPH (8/26 cases; 30.8%), NNMT was found to be significantly upregulated in HGPIN (15/18 cases; 83.3%) and PCa (77/120 cases; 64.2%). Clinicopathological analysis revealed that NNMT expression was negatively correlated with Gleason score (P<0.001). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that high NNMT expression was associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) times in patients with advanced PCa. Multivariate analysis showed that NNMT was an independent prognostic marker of PFS and OS in patients with advanced PCa. The results of the present study suggested that NNMT may contribute to the development of PCa and may potentially be a favorable prognostic marker for the survival of patients with advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Zhou
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gui
- Department of Nephrology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Long
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Center for Medical Experiments, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Medical Experiments, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Leye He
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Kuangbiao Zhong
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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27
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Abstract
Epidemiological surveys suggest an important role for niacin in the causes of Parkinson's disease, in that niacin deficiency, the nutritional condition that causes pellagra, appears to protect against Parkinson's disease. Absorbed niacin is used in the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in the body, and in the metabolic process NAD releases nicotinamide by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, the activation of which has been reported to mediate 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease. Recently nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (EC2.1.1.1) activity has been discovered in the human brain, and the released nicotinamide may be methylated to 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), via this enzyme, in the brain. A deficiency in mitochondrial NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex 1) activity is believed to be a critical factor in the development of Parkinson's disease. MNA has been found to destroy several subunits of cerebral complex 1, leading to the suggestion that MNA is concerned in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that niacin is a causal substance in the development of Parkinson's disease through the following processes: NAD produced from niacin releases nicotinamide via poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, activated by the hydroxyl radical. Released excess nicotinamide is methylated to MNA in the cytoplasm, and superoxides formed by MNA via complex I destroy complex 1 subunits directly, or indirectly via mitochondrial DNA damage. Hereditary or environmental factors may cause acceleration of this cycle, resulting in neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhito Fukushima
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan,
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