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Darrigrand JF, Salowka A, Torres-Cano A, Tapia-Rojo R, Zhu T, Garcia-Manyes S, Spagnoli FM. Acinar-ductal cell rearrangement drives branching morphogenesis of the murine pancreas in an IGF/PI3K-dependent manner. Dev Cell 2024; 59:326-338.e5. [PMID: 38237591 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
During organ formation, progenitor cells need to acquire different cell identities and organize themselves into distinct structural units. How these processes are coordinated and how tissue architecture(s) is preserved despite the dramatic cell rearrangements occurring in developing organs remain unclear. Here, we identified cellular rearrangements between acinar and ductal progenitors as a mechanism to drive branching morphogenesis in the pancreas while preserving the integrity of the acinar-ductal functional unit. Using ex vivo and in vivo mouse models, we found that pancreatic ductal cells form clefts by protruding and pulling on the acinar basement membrane, which leads to acini splitting. Newly formed acini remain connected to the bifurcated branches generated by ductal cell rearrangement. Insulin growth factor (IGF)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway finely regulates this process by controlling pancreatic ductal tissue fluidity, with a simultaneous impact on branching and cell fate acquisition. Together, our results explain how acinar structure multiplication and branch bifurcation are synchronized during pancreas organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Darrigrand
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, Great Maze Pond, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Anna Salowka
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, Great Maze Pond, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Alejo Torres-Cano
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, Great Maze Pond, SE1 9RT London, UK
| | - Rafael Tapia-Rojo
- Department of Physics, London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Physics, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Centre for the Physical Science of Life and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK; Single-Molecule Mechanobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Sergi Garcia-Manyes
- Department of Physics, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Centre for the Physical Science of Life and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, UK; Single-Molecule Mechanobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Francesca M Spagnoli
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, Great Maze Pond, SE1 9RT London, UK.
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Lei M, Harn HIC, Li Q, Jiang J, Wu W, Zhou W, Jiang TX, Wang M, Zhang J, Lai YC, Juan WT, Widelitz RB, Yang L, Gu ZZ, Chuong CM. The mechano-chemical circuit drives skin organoid self-organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221982120. [PMID: 37643215 PMCID: PMC10483620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221982120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells in organoids self-organize into tissue patterns with unknown mechanisms. Here, we use skin organoids to analyze this process. Cell behavior videos show that the morphological transformation from multiple spheroidal units with morphogenesis competence (CMU) to planar skin is characterized by two abrupt cell motility-increasing events before calming down. The self-organizing processes are controlled by a morphogenetic module composed of molecular sensors, modulators, and executers. Increasing dermal stiffness provides the initial driving force (driver) which activates Yap1 (sensor) in epidermal cysts. Notch signaling (modulator 1) in epidermal cyst tunes the threshold of Yap1 activation. Activated Yap1 induces Wnts and MMPs (epidermal executers) in basal cells to facilitate cellular flows, allowing epidermal cells to protrude out from the CMU. Dermal cell-expressed Rock (dermal executer) generates a stiff force bridge between two CMU and accelerates tissue mixing via activating Laminin and β1-integrin. Thus, this self-organizing coalescence process is controlled by a mechano-chemical circuit. Beyond skin, self-organization in organoids may use similar mechano-chemical circuit structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung40402, Taiwan
| | - Hans I-Chen Harn
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Qiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Wang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing400030, China
| | - Tin-Xin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Mengyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Yung-Chih Lai
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tau Juan
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung40402, Taiwan
| | - Randall Bruce Widelitz
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education & 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Zhong-Ze Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90033
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Sauer F, Grosser S, Shahryari M, Hayn A, Guo J, Braun J, Briest S, Wolf B, Aktas B, Horn L, Sack I, Käs JA. Changes in Tissue Fluidity Predict Tumor Aggressiveness In Vivo. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303523. [PMID: 37553780 PMCID: PMC10502644 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is caused by genetic changes and associated with various alterations in cell properties, which also affect a tumor's mechanical state. While an increased stiffness has been well known for long for solid tumors, it has limited prognostic power. It is hypothesized that cancer progression is accompanied by tissue fluidization, where portions of the tissue can change position across different length scales. Supported by tabletop magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) on stroma mimicking collagen gels and microscopic analysis of live cells inside patient derived tumor explants, an overview is provided of how cancer associated mechanisms, including cellular unjamming, proliferation, microenvironment composition, and remodeling can alter a tissue's fluidity and stiffness. In vivo, state-of-the-art multifrequency MRE can distinguish tumors from their surrounding host tissue by their rheological fingerprints. Most importantly, a meta-analysis on the currently available clinical studies is conducted and universal trends are identified. The results and conclusions are condensed into a gedankenexperiment about how a tumor can grow and eventually metastasize into its environment from a physics perspective to deduce corresponding mechanical properties. Based on stiffness, fluidity, spatial heterogeneity, and texture of the tumor front a roadmap for a prognosis of a tumor's aggressiveness and metastatic potential is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Sauer
- Soft Matter Physics DivisionPeter‐Debye‐Institute for Soft Matter Physics04103LeipzigGermany
| | - Steffen Grosser
- Soft Matter Physics DivisionPeter‐Debye‐Institute for Soft Matter Physics04103LeipzigGermany
- Institute for Bioengineering of CataloniaThe Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST)Barcelona08028Spain
| | - Mehrgan Shahryari
- Department of RadiologyCharité‐Universitätsmedizin10117BerlinGermany
| | - Alexander Hayn
- Department of HepatologyLeipzig University Hospital04103LeipzigGermany
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of RadiologyCharité‐Universitätsmedizin10117BerlinGermany
| | - Jürgen Braun
- Institute of Medical InformaticsCharité‐Universitätsmedizin10117BerlinGermany
| | - Susanne Briest
- Department of GynecologyLeipzig University Hospital04103LeipzigGermany
| | - Benjamin Wolf
- Department of GynecologyLeipzig University Hospital04103LeipzigGermany
| | - Bahriye Aktas
- Department of GynecologyLeipzig University Hospital04103LeipzigGermany
| | - Lars‐Christian Horn
- Division of Breast, Urogenital and Perinatal PathologyLeipzig University Hospital04103LeipzigGermany
| | - Ingolf Sack
- Department of RadiologyCharité‐Universitätsmedizin10117BerlinGermany
| | - Josef A. Käs
- Soft Matter Physics DivisionPeter‐Debye‐Institute for Soft Matter Physics04103LeipzigGermany
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Chen T, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Li S, Cao J, Guo J, Bu W, Zhao H, Du J, Cao Y, Fan Y. Self-Organization of Tissue Growth by Interfacial Mechanical Interactions in Multilayered Systems. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2104301. [PMID: 35138041 PMCID: PMC9069393 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphogenesis is a spatially and temporally regulated process involved in various physiological and pathological transformations. In addition to the associated biochemical factors, the physical regulation of morphogenesis has attracted increasing attention. However, the driving force of morphogenesis initiation remains elusive. Here, it is shown that during the growth of multilayered tissues, a morphogenetic process can be self-organized by the progression of compression gradient stemmed from the interfacial mechanical interactions between layers. In tissues with low fluidity, the compression gradient is progressively strengthened during growth and induces stratification by triggering symmetric-to-asymmetric cell division reorientation at the critical tissue size. In tissues with high fluidity, compression gradient is dynamic and induces cell rearrangement leading to 2D in-plane morphogenesis instead of 3D deformation. Morphogenesis can be tuned by manipulating tissue fluidity, cell adhesion forces, and mechanical properties to influence the progression of compression gradient during the development of cultured cell sheets and chicken embryos. Together, the dynamics of compression gradient arising from interfacial mechanical interaction provides a conserved mechanism underlying morphogenesis initiation and size control during tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tailin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle BodyCollege of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China
| | - Xinbin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Shukai Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Jialing Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Wanjuan Bu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Hucheng Zhao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical EngineeringDepartment of Engineering MechanicsSchool of Aerospace EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Jing Du
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Yanping Cao
- Institute of Biomechanics and Medical EngineeringDepartment of Engineering MechanicsSchool of Aerospace EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China
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5
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Arraf AA, Yelin R, Reshef I, Jadon J, Abboud M, Zaher M, Schneider J, Vladimirov FK, Schultheiss TM. Hedgehog Signaling Regulates Epithelial Morphogenesis to Position the Ventral Embryonic Midline. Dev Cell 2020; 53:589-602.e6. [PMID: 32437643 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite much progress toward understanding how epithelial morphogenesis is shaped by intra-epithelial processes including contractility, polarity, and adhesion, much less is known regarding how such cellular processes are coordinated by extra-epithelial signaling. During embryogenesis, the coelomic epithelia on the two sides of the chick embryo undergo symmetrical lengthening and thinning, converging medially to generate and position the dorsal mesentery (DM) in the embryonic midline. We find that Hedgehog signaling, acting through downstream effectors Sec5 (ExoC2), an exocyst complex component, and RhoU (Wrch-1), a small GTPase, regulates coelomic epithelium morphogenesis to guide DM midline positioning. These effects are accompanied by changes in epithelial cell-cell alignment and N-cadherin and laminin distribution, suggesting Hedgehog regulation of cell organization within the coelomic epithelium. These results indicate a role for Hedgehog signaling in regulating epithelial morphology and provide an example of how transcellular signaling can modulate specific cellular processes to shape tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A Arraf
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Ronit Yelin
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Inbar Reshef
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Julian Jadon
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Manar Abboud
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Mira Zaher
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Jenny Schneider
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Fanny K Vladimirov
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel
| | - Thomas M Schultheiss
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
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