1
|
Qousain Naqvi ST, Muhammad SA, Guo J, Zafar S, Ali A, Anderson LJ, Rostad CA, Bai B. Experimental trials of predicted CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell epitopes of respiratory syncytial virus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1349749. [PMID: 38629077 PMCID: PMC11018974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1349749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in young children around the world and an important cause of LRTI in the elderly. The available treatments and FDA-approved vaccines for RSV only lessen the severity of the infection and are recommended for infants and elderly people. Methods We focused on developing a broad-spectrum vaccine that activates the immune system to directly combat RSV. The objective of this study is to identify CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes using an immunoinformatics approach to develop RSV vaccines. The efficacy of these peptides was validated through in-vitro and in-vivo studies involving healthy and diseased animal models. Results For each major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I and II, we found three epitopes of RSV proteins including F, G, and SH with an antigenic score of >0.5 and a projected SVM score of <5. Experimental validation of these peptides on female BALB/c mice was conducted before and after infection with the RSV A2 line 19f. We found that the 3RVMHCI (CD8+) epitope of the F protein showed significant results of white blood cells (19.72 × 103 cells/μl), neutrophils (6.01 × 103 cells/μl), lymphocytes (12.98 × 103 cells/μl), IgG antibodies (36.9 µg/ml), IFN-γ (86.96 ng/L), and granzyme B (691.35 pg/ml) compared to control at the second booster dose of 10 µg. Similarly, 4RVMHCII (CD4+) of the F protein substantially induced white blood cells (27.08 × 103 cells/μl), neutrophils (6.58 × 103 cells/μl), lymphocytes (16.64 × 103 cells/μl), IgG antibodies (46.13 µg/ml), IFN-γ (96.45 ng/L), and granzyme B (675.09 pg/ml). In-vitro studies showed that 4RVMHCII produced a significant level of antibodies in sera on day 45 comparable to mice infected with the virus. 4RVMHCII also induced high IFN-γ and IL-2 secretions on the fourth day of the challenge compared to the preinfectional stage. Conclusion In conclusion, epitopes of the F protein showed considerable immune response and are suitable for further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Jinlei Guo
- School of Intelligent Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sidra Zafar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Atta-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Larry J. Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christina A. Rostad
- Department of Pediatrics and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Baogang Bai
- School of Information and Technology, Wenzhou Business College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The First School of Medical, School of Information and Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lanave G, Camero M, Coppola C, Marchi S, Cascone G, Salina F, Coltraro M, Odigie AE, Montomoli E, Chiapponi C, Cicirelli V, Martella V, Trombetta CM. Serological Evidence for Circulation of Influenza D Virus in the Ovine Population in Italy. Pathogens 2024; 13:162. [PMID: 38392900 PMCID: PMC10892703 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza D virus (IDV) is a novel orthomyxovirus initially isolated from pigs exhibiting influenza-like disease in the USA. Since then, IDV has been detected worldwide in several host species, including livestock animals, whilst specific antibodies have been identified in humans, raising concerns about interspecies transmission and zoonotic risks. Few data regarding the seroprevalence of IDV in small ruminants have been available to date. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of antibodies against IDV in ovine serum samples in Sicily, Southern Italy. Six hundred serum samples, collected from dairy sheep herds located in Sicily in 2022, were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (VN) assays using reference strains, D/660 and D/OK, representative of two distinct IDV lineages circulating in Italy. Out of 600 tested samples, 168 (28.0%) tested positive to either IDV strain D/660 or D/OK or to both by HI whilst 378 (63.0%) tested positive to either IDV strain D/660 or D/OK or to both by VN. Overall, our findings demonstrate that IDV circulates in ovine dairy herds in Sicily. Since IDV seems to have a broad host range and it has zoonotic potential, it is important to collect epidemiological information on susceptible species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.E.O.); (V.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.E.O.); (V.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Chiara Coppola
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
| | - Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Cascone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Felice Salina
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Miriana Coltraro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Amienwanlen E. Odigie
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.E.O.); (V.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
- VisMederi S.r.l., 53035 Monteriggioni, Italy
| | - Chiara Chiapponi
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, Sede Territoriale di Parma, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, 25124 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Cicirelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.E.O.); (V.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (M.C.); (A.E.O.); (V.C.); (V.M.)
| | - Claudia M. Trombetta
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.M.); (E.M.); (C.M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fay P, Limon G, Ulziibat G, Khanui B, Myagmarsuren O, Tore G, Khishgee B, Flannery J, Sandag B, Damdinjav B, Beard PM. A field study evaluating the humoral immune response in Mongolian sheep vaccinated against sheeppox virus. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:1837-1846. [PMID: 34033248 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sheeppox is a transboundary disease of small ruminants caused by infection with the capripoxvirus sheeppox virus. Sheeppox is found in Africa, the Middle East and Asia and is characterized by fever, multifocal cutaneous raised lesions and death. Vaccination with live attenuated capripoxvirus (CPPV) strains is an effective and widely used strategy to contol sheeppox outbreaks; however, there are few reports of post-vaccination field surveillance studies. This study used a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine quantitative and temporal features of the humoral response of sheep vaccinated with a live-attenuated CPPV strain in Mongolia. Four hundred samples were tested using the ELISA commercial kit, and a subset of 45 samples were also tested with a virus neutralization test (VNT). There was substantial agreement between the VNT and ELISA tests. Antibodies to CPPV were detected between 40 and 262 days post-vaccination. There was no significant difference between serological status (positive/negative) and sex or age; however, an inverse correlation was found between the length of time since vaccination and serological status. Animals between 90 and 180 days post-vaccination were more likely to be positive than animals greater than 180 days post-vaccination. Our results show that a commercial CPPV ELISA kit is a robust and reliable assay for post-CPPV vaccination surveillance in resource-restricted settings and provide temporal parameters to be considered when planning sheeppox post-vaccination monitoring programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Fay
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK
| | | | - Gerelmaa Ulziibat
- State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Buyantogtokh Khanui
- State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | - Bodisaikhan Khishgee
- State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Batkhuyag Sandag
- The Mongolian General Authority for Veterinary Services, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Batchuluun Damdinjav
- State Central Veterinary Laboratory, Zaisan, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Philippa M Beard
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, UK.,The Roslin Institute, Easter Bush, University of Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Ge X, Zhang Y, Guo X, Han J, Zhou L, Yang H. Construction of a Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus with Nanoluc Luciferase Reporter: a Stable and Highly Efficient Tool for Viral Quantification Both In Vitro and In Vivo. Microbiol Spectr 2022;:e0027622. [PMID: 35758677 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00276-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically important pathogens for the global pork industry, characterized for its genetic variation and unsatisfied heterological protection from vaccines. A high-throughput screening platform for developing anti-PRRSV therapies is urgently needed. Here, an 11-amino-acid subunit HiBiT derived from NanoLuc luciferase was inserted into the PRRSV genome at four loci of the Nsp2 coding region or as an additional TRS2 driven open reading frame (ORF) between the ORF7 and 3′-untranscribed region (3′-UTR), respectively, and five recombinant viruses with luciferase activity were successfully rescued. The virological characteristics of the representative virus RvJX-Nsp2325-HiBiT were investigated. In vitro, it displayed similar growth kinetics as the parental virus and keeps the luciferase activity and genetic stability after eight rounds of serial passages. The concept-proof test confirmed that RvJX-Nsp2325-HiBiT can be easily used to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral reagents by detecting the reduction of luciferase activity, showing a consistent trend with infectious titers, as well as to set a novel convenient virus neutralization assay based on the intensity of luciferase activity. Last, the viral proliferation, virulence, validity, and HiBiT stability were further investigated in pig inoculation study, showing that the luciferase activity can be directly detected in the tissue samples or indirectly from the MARC-145 cells inoculated with sera from RvJX-Nsp2325-HiBiT-inoculated pigs. Taken together, the results indicate that the HiBiT-tagged virus is a convenient and stable tool for evaluating viral propagation both in vitro and in vivo, which can provide a high-efficient platform for screening and evaluating anti-PRRSV therapies. IMPORTANCE Luciferase reporter tagged virus is crucial to viral quantification in the study of viral replication, pathogenesis and exploring antiviral reagents. It is urgently needed for PRRSV academia to construct a stable, fast, and high-throughput reporting system, which can be used both in vitro and in vivo. Here, an 11-amino-acid luciferase subunit was successfully inserted into the PRRSV genome; the feasibility, genetic stability, and efficiency for viral quantification both in vitro and in vivo were characterized; and the results demonstrated it has greatly improved the convenience and efficiency for screening the anti-PRRSV reagents. Furthermore, a novel luciferase-based virus neutralization assay was successfully set, which can eliminate the step of sample gradient dilution and greatly improve the convenience and throughput of neutralizing antibody testing. Predictably, it will greatly facilitate the screening and evaluating anti-PRRSV therapies, as well as the mechanistic study of its replication and pathogenesis in the future.
Collapse
|
5
|
Brehm TT, Pfefferle S, von Possel R, Karolyi M, Zoufaly A, Wichmann D, Kobbe R, Emmerich P, Nörz D, Aepfelbacher M, Wiesch JSZ, Addo MM, Stefan, Schmiedel, Lütgehetmann M. Clinical efficacy and in vitro neutralization capacity of monoclonal antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variants. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5038-5043. [PMID: 35662058 PMCID: PMC9347884 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to provide in vitro data on the neutralization capacity of different monoclonal antibody (mAb) preparations against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) delta and omicron variant, respectively, and describe the in vivo RNA kinetics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients treated with the respective mAbs. Virus neutralization assays were performed to assess the neutralizing effect of the mAb formulations casirivimab/imdevimab and sotrovimab on the SARS‐CoV‐2 delta and omicron variant. Additionally, respiratory tract SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA kinetics are provided for 25 COVID‐19 patients infected with either delta variant (n = 18) or omicron variant (n = 7) treated with the respective mAb formulations during their hospital stay. In the virus neutralization assay, sotrovimab exhibits neutralizing capacity at therapeutically achievable concentrations against the SARS‐CoV‐2 delta and omicron variant. In contrast, casivirimab/imdevimab had neutralizing capacity against the delta variant but failed neutralization against the omicron variant except for a very high concentration above the currently recommended therapeutic dosage. In patients with delta variant infections treated with casivirimab/imdevimab, we observed a rapid decrease of respiratory viral RNA at day 3 after mAb therapy. In contrast, no such prompt decline was observed in patients with delta variant or omicron variant infections receiving sotrovimab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theo Brehm
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Riems
| | - Susanne Pfefferle
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Riems.,Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald von Possel
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mario Karolyi
- Department of Medicine 4, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Zoufaly
- Department of Medicine 4, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria.,Faculty of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominic Wichmann
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Robin Kobbe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Emmerich
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Nörz
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Aepfelbacher
- Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Riems
| | - Marylyn M Addo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Riems.,Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Schmiedel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, I. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Riems
| | - Marc Lütgehetmann
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel Riems.,Center for Diagnostics, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rudometova NB, Shcherbakova NS, Shcherbakov DN, Taranov OS, Zaitsev BN, Karpenko LI. Construction and Characterization of HIV-1 env-Pseudoviruses of the Recombinant Form CRF63_02A and Subtype A6. Bull Exp Biol Med 2022. [PMID: 35501651 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-022-05466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 env-pseudoviruses are a useful tool in the search for antiviral drugs (entry inhibitors) and evaluation of the efficacy of HIV-1 vaccines. Given the high genetic variability of HIV-1, it is necessary to regularly update the panels of pseudoviruses in accordance with the emergence of new strains. Based on genetic variants of HIV-1 circulating in the regions of the Siberian Federal District, 13 HIV-1 env-pseudoviruses of recombinant form CRF63_02A and subtype A6 were obtained. Most pseudoviruses have been shown to be sensitive to neutralization by bnAbs VRC01, PGT126, and 10E8, moderately sensitive to bnAbs PG9 and 4E10, and resistant to bnAbs 2G12, PG16, and 2F5. All obtained variants of pseudoviruses are CCR5-tropic.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rudometova N, Shcherbakov D, Rudometov A, Ilyichev A, Karpenko L. Model systems of human immunodef iciency virus (HIV-1) for in vitro eff icacy assessment of candidate vaccines and drugs against HIV-1. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:214-221. [PMID: 35434492 PMCID: PMC8983303 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV infection still remains a major challenge for healthcare systems of the world. There are several aspects on counteracting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The f irst aspect covers preventive measures including educational campaigns on HIV/AIDS and promotion of a healthy lifestyle, protected sex, and pre-exposure prophylaxis of vulnerable groups. The second aspect is timely HIV testing and the use of antiretroviral therapy when test results come back positive. The third aspect is the scientif ic research associated with discovering new pharmaceutical agents and developing HIV-1 vaccines. Selecting an adequate tool for quick and accurate in vitro eff icacy assessment is the key aspect for eff icacy assessment of vaccines and chemotherapy drugs. The classical method of virology, which makes it possible to evaluate the neutralizing activity of the sera of animals immunized with experimental vaccines and the eff icacy of chemotherapy agents is the method of neutralization using viral isolates and infectious molecular clones, i. e. infectious viral particles obtained via cell transfection with a plasmid vector including the full-length HIV-1 genome coding structural, regulatory, and accessory proteins of the virus required for the cultivation of replication-competent viral particles in cell culture. However, neutralization assessment using viral isolates and infectious molecular clones is demanding in terms of time, effort, and biosafety measures. An alternative eliminating these disadvantages and allowing for rapid screening is the use of pseudoviruses, which are recombinant viral particles, for the analysis of neutralizing activity. Pseudotyped viruses have defective genomes restricting their replication to a single cycle, which renders them harmless compared to infectious viruses. The present review focuses on describing viral model systems for in vitro eff icacy assessment of vaccines and drugs against HIV-1, which include primary HIV-1 isolates, laboratoryadapted strains, infectious molecular clones, and env-pseudoviruses. A brief comparison of the listed models is presented. The HIV-1 env-pseudoviruses approach is described in more detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N.B. Rudometova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - D.N. Shcherbakov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - A.P. Rudometov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - A.A. Ilyichev
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| | - L.I. Karpenko
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Leong WJ, Quek XF, Tan HY, Wong KM, Muhammad HS, Mohamed NA, Wong ST, Abdullah ML, Leong PP, Wang L, Voon K. Seroprevalence of Pteropine orthoreovirus in humans remain similar after nearly two decades (2001-2002 vs. 2017) in Tioman Island, Malaysia. J Med Virol 2021; 94:771-775. [PMID: 34708881 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) is an emerging zoonotic respiratory virus that can be transmitted from bats to humans. In Malaysia, aside from PRV2P (Pulau virus) being isolated from Pteropus hypomelanus sampled in Tioman Island, PRV3M (Melaka virus), PRV4K (Kampar virus), and PRV7S (Sikamat virus) were all isolated from samples of patients who reported having a disease spectrum from acute respiratory distress to influenza-like illness and sometimes even with enteric symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain. Screening of sera collected from human volunteers on Tioman Island in 2001-2002 demonstrated that 12.8% (14/109) were positive for PRV2P and PRV3M. Taking all these together, we aim to investigate the serological prevalence of PRV (including PRV4K and PRV7S) among Tioman Island inhabitants again with the assumption that the seroprevalence rate will remain nearly similar to the above reported if human exposure to bats is still happening in the island. Using sera collected from human volunteers on the same island in 2017, we demonstrated seroprevalence of 17.8% (28/157) against PRV2P and PRV3M, respectively. Seropositivity of 11.4% among Tioman Island inhabitants against PRV4K and PRV7S, respectively, was described in this study. In addition, the seroprevalence of 89.5% (17/19), 73.6% (14/19), 63.0% (12/19), and 73.6% (14/19) against PRV2P, PRV3M, PRV4K, and PRV7S, respectively, were observed among pteropid bats in the island. We revealed that the seroprevalence of PRV among island inhabitants remains nearly similar after nearly two decades, suggesting that potential spill-over events in bat-human interface areas in the Tioman Island. We are unclear whether such spillover was directly from bats to humans, as suspected for the PRV3M human cases, or from an intermediate host(s) yet to be identified. There is a high possibility of the viruses circulating among the bats as demonstrated by high seroprevalence against PRV in the bats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai J Leong
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Xin F Quek
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Y Tan
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kim M Wong
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hariz S Muhammad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nurul A Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Siew T Wong
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd L Abdullah
- Department of Wildlife and National Parks, National Wildlife Forensic Laboratory, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pooi P Leong
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Linfa Wang
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Kenny Voon
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pazderova P, Waltl EE, Niederberger-Leppin V, Flicker S, Valenta R, Niespodziana K. ELISA-Based Assay for Studying Major and Minor Group Rhinovirus-Receptor Interactions. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020315. [PMID: 32570763 PMCID: PMC7350259 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinovirus (RV) infections are a major cause of recurrent common colds and trigger severe exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases. Major challenges for the development of vaccines for RV include the virus occurring in the form of approximately 160 different serotypes, using different receptors, and the need for preclinical models for the screening of vaccine candidates and antiviral compounds. We report the establishment and characterization of an ELISA-based assay for studying major and minor group RV–receptor interactions. This assay is based on the interaction of purified virus with plate-bound human receptor proteins, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Using RV strain-specific antibodies, we demonstrate the specific binding of a panel of major and minor RV group types including RV-A and RV-B strains to ICAM-1 and LDLR, respectively. We show that the RV–receptor interaction can be blocked with receptor-specific antibodies as well as with soluble receptors and neutralizing RV-specific antibodies. The assay is more sensitive than a cell culture-based virus neutralization test. The ELISA assay will therefore be useful for the preclinical evaluation for preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting the RV–receptor interaction, such as vaccines, antibodies, and anti-viral compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Pazderova
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.P.); (S.F.); (R.V.)
| | - Eva E. Waltl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.W.); (V.N.-L.)
| | - Verena Niederberger-Leppin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.W.); (V.N.-L.)
| | - Sabine Flicker
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.P.); (S.F.); (R.V.)
| | - Rudolf Valenta
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.P.); (S.F.); (R.V.)
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory for Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Niespodziana
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.P.); (S.F.); (R.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-140-4005-1130; Fax: +43-140-4005-1300
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kiesler A, Seitz K, Schwarz L, Buczolich K, Petznek H, Sassu E, Dürlinger S, Högler S, Klang A, Riedel C, Chen HW, Mötz M, Kirkland P, Weissenböck H, Ladinig A, Rümenapf T, Lamp B. Clinical and Serological Evaluation of LINDA Virus Infections in Post-Weaning Piglets. Viruses 2019; 11:E975. [PMID: 31652833 DOI: 10.3390/v11110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel pestivirus species known as lateral-shaking inducing neuro-degenerative agent (LINDA) virus emerged in 2015 in a piglet-producing farm in Austria. Affected piglets showed strong congenital tremor as a result of severe lesions in the central nervous system. Here, we report the results of a controlled animal infection experiment. Post-weaning piglets were infected with LINDA to determine the susceptibility of pigs, the clinical consequences of infection and the humoral immune response against LINDA. No clinically overt disease signs were observed in the piglets. Viremia was hardly detectable, but LINDA was present in the spleen and several lymphatic organs until the end of the experiment on day 28 post-infection. Oronasal virus shedding together with the infection of one sentinel animal provided additional evidence for the successful replication and spread of LINDA in the piglets. Starting on day 14 post-infection, all infected animals showed a strong humoral immune response with high titers of neutralizing antibodies against LINDA. No cross-neutralizing activity of these sera with other pestiviral species was observed. According to these data, following postnatal infection, LINDA is a rather benign virus that can be controlled by the pig’s immune system. However, further studies are needed to investigate the effects of LINDA on the fetus after intrauterine infection.
Collapse
|
11
|
Trombetta CM, Remarque EJ, Mortier D, Montomoli E. Comparison of hemagglutination inhibition, single radial hemolysis, virus neutralization assays, and ELISA to detect antibody levels against seasonal influenza viruses. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2018; 12:675-686. [PMID: 30019448 PMCID: PMC6185893 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immunological response to influenza vaccine and/or natural infection is evaluated by serological techniques, the most common being hemagglutination inhibition (HI), single radial hemolysis (SRH), and virus neutralization assays, which is commonly used in a micro‐neutralization (MN) format. ELISA is not officially required; however, this assay is able to measure different class‐specific antibodies. The four assays identify different sets or subsets of antibodies. Objectives The aim of this study was to establish the correlation among four serological assays using four seasonal influenza strains. Methods The HI, SRH, MN assays, and ELISA were performed on four seasonal influenza strains. Results A strong positive correlation was found between HI and MN and between SRH and MN assays for influenza A strains. The B strains also showed good correlations among the three assays. A positive correlation was also found between ELISA and the “classical” assays for all strains. Concerning the correlates of protection, as defined by HI ≥ 40 and SRH ≥ 25 mm2, good agreement was observed for the influenza A strains. By contrast, the agreement for the B strains was very low. Conclusions There is a positive strong correlation among the four serological assays for both A and B strains, especially for the HI and MN assays. There is good agreement on correlates of protection between HI and SRH assays for the A strains, but very low agreement for the B strains, suggesting higher sensitivity of SRH than HI assay in detecting antibodies against the influenza B viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edmond J Remarque
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Daniella Mortier
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|