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Biabani A, Foroughi A, Karizaki AR, Rassam GA, Hashemi M, Afshar RK. Physiological traits, yield, and yield components relationship in winter and spring canola. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:3518-3528. [PMID: 33452813 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the relationship between physiological traits with yield and yield components is an essential step towards developing high-yielding and high-quality canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. This study aimed to explore further the relationship between some physiological features, including radiation use efficiency (RUE), and seed yield in canola. RESULTS Significant differences were found among cultivars regarding maximum leaf area index (LAImax ) and required days to achieve maximum LAI (DLAImax ). All cultivars obtained the minimum LAI required to intercept 90% of the incident radiation, but at different times. Some cultivars like SW102 and Shirali had the same fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) when LAI was maximal, but SW102 had higher IPAR. This indicated that SW102 was more efficient in irradiation capacity and may have a higher photosynthesis rate when exposed to the high irradiation conditions. The average canola RUE in the current study was 3.80 and 3.63 g MJ-1 m-2 in 2014 and 2015, respectively. In general, the crop growth rate was higher in the first year than in the second year due to the fewer cloudy days and more incident radiation. CONCLUSION Results indicated that duration of growth, crop growth rate, and harvest index were crucial for enhancing biomass and seed yield. Also, a relatively high correlation was found between the RUE and DLAImax . The cultivars that reached their maximum LAI later demonstrated higher RUE, and consequently had higher biological and seed yield. The results obtained could be used to develop an improved canola crop growth model and breeding programs. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Biabani
- Department of plant production, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | - Abbas Foroughi
- Department of plant production, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
| | | | - Ghorban Ali Rassam
- Department of Plant Production, Higher Education Complex of Shirvan, Shirvan, Iran
| | - Masoud Hashemi
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Reza Keshavarz Afshar
- Western Colorado Research Center, Fruita, Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station, Colorado State University, Fruita, CO, USA
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Klees S, Lange TM, Bertram H, Rajavel A, Schlüter JS, Lu K, Schmitt AO, Gültas M. In Silico Identification of the Complex Interplay between Regulatory SNPs, Transcription Factors, and Their Related Genes in Brassica napus L. Using Multi-Omics Data. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E789. [PMID: 33466789 PMCID: PMC7830561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory SNPs (rSNPs) are a special class of SNPs which have a high potential to affect the phenotype due to their impact on DNA-binding of transcription factors (TFs). Thus, the knowledge about such rSNPs and TFs could provide essential information regarding different genetic programs, such as tissue development or environmental stress responses. In this study, we use a multi-omics approach by combining genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics data of two different Brassica napus L. cultivars, namely Zhongshuang11 (ZS11) and Zhongyou821 (ZY821), with high and low oil content, respectively, to monitor the regulatory interplay between rSNPs, TFs and their corresponding genes in the tissues flower, leaf, stem, and root. By predicting the effect of rSNPs on TF-binding and by measuring their association with the cultivars, we identified a total of 41,117 rSNPs, of which 1141 are significantly associated with oil content. We revealed several enriched members of the TF families DOF, MYB, NAC, or TCP, which are important for directing transcriptional programs regulating differential expression of genes within the tissues. In this work, we provide the first genome-wide collection of rSNPs for B. napus and their impact on the regulation of gene expression in vegetative and floral tissues, which will be highly valuable for future studies on rSNPs and gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Klees
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Thomas Martin Lange
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Hendrik Bertram
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Abirami Rajavel
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Johanna-Sophie Schlüter
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Kun Lu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Armin Otto Schmitt
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Georg-August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (S.K.); (T.M.L.); (H.B.); (A.R.); (J.-S.S.); (A.O.S.)
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Georg-August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Zhu W, Guo Y, Chen Y, Wu D, Jiang L. Genome-wide identification, phylogenetic and expression pattern analysis of GATA family genes in Brassica napus. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:543. [PMID: 33276730 PMCID: PMC7716463 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcription factors GATAs are involved in plant developmental processes and respond to environmental stresses through binding DNA regulatory regions to regulate their downstream genes. However, little information on the GATA genes in Brassica napus is available. The release of the reference genome of B. napus provides a good opportunity to perform a genome-wide characterization of GATA family genes in rapeseed. RESULTS In this study, 96 GATA genes randomly distributing on 19 chromosomes were identified in B. napus, which were classified into four subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis and their domain structures. The amino acids of BnGATAs were obvious divergence among four subfamilies in terms of their GATA domains, structures and motif compositions. Gene duplication and synteny between the genomes of B. napus and A. thaliana were also analyzed to provide insights into evolutionary characteristics. Moreover, BnGATAs showed different expression patterns in various tissues and under diverse abiotic stresses. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributions of BnGATAs in a core collection germplasm are probably associated with functional disparity under environmental stress condition in different genotypes of B. napus. CONCLUSION The present study was investigated genomic structures, evolution features, expression patterns and SNP distributions of 96 BnGATAs. The results enrich our understanding of the GATA genes in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Zhu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiyi Guo
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yeke Chen
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dezhi Wu
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Department of Agronomy, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Han S, Khan MHU, Yang Y, Zhu K, Li H, Zhu M, Amoo O, Khan SU, Fan C, Zhou Y. Identification and comprehensive analysis of the CLV3/ESR-related (CLE) gene family in Brassica napus L. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:709-721. [PMID: 32223006 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The CLE (CLAVATA3/ESR) gene family, encoding a group of small secretory peptides, plays important roles in cell-to-cell communication, thereby controlling a broad spectrum of development processes. The CLE family has been systematically characterized in some plants, but not in Brassica napus. In the present study, 116 BnCLE genes were identified in the B. napus genome, including seven unannotated, six incorrectly predicted and five multi-CLE domain-encoding genes. These BnCLE members were separated into seven distinct groups based on phylogenetic analysis, which might facilitate the functional characterization of the peptides. Further characterization of CLE pre-propeptides revealed 31 unique CLE peptides from 45 BnCLE genes, which may give rise to distinct roles of BnCLE and expansion of the gene family. The biological activity of these unique CLE dodecamer peptides was tested further through in vitro peptide assays. Variations in several important residues were identified as key contributors to the functional differentiation of BnCLE and expansion of the gene family in B. napus. Expression profile analysis helped to characterize possible functional redundancy and sub-functionalization among the BnCLE members. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the CLE gene family in B. napus and provides a foundation for future evolutionary and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Han
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - M H U Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - K Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - H Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - O Amoo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - S U Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - C Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Qu C, Yin N, Chen S, Wang S, Chen X, Zhao H, Shen S, Fu F, Zhou B, Xu X, Liu L, Lu K, Li J. Comparative Analysis of the Metabolic Profiles of Yellow- versus Black-Seeded Rapeseed Using UPLC-HESI-MS/MS and Transcriptome Analysis. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:3033-3049. [PMID: 32052629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high levels of secondary metabolites in rapeseed play important roles in determining the oil quality and feeding value. Here, we characterized the metabolic profiles in seeds of various yellow- and black-seeded rapeseed accessions. Two hundred and forty-eight features were characterized, including 31 phenolic acids, 54 flavonoids, 24 glucosinolates, 65 lipid compounds, and 74 other polar compounds. The most abundant phenolic acids and various flavonoids (epicatechin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin, and their derivatives) were widely detected and showed significant differences in distribution between the yellow- and black-seeded rapeseed. Furthermore, the related genes (e.g., BnTT3, BnTT18, BnTT10, BnTT12, and BnBAN) involved in the proanthocyanidin pathway had lower expression levels in yellow-seeded rapeseed, strongly suggesting that the seed coat color could be mainly determined by the levels of epicatechin and their derivatives. These results improve our understanding of the primary constituents of rapeseed and lay the foundation for breeding novel varieties with a high nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Nengwen Yin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Si Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Huiyan Zhao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shulin Shen
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Fuyou Fu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N02X, Canada
| | - Baojin Zhou
- Deepxomics-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Liezhao Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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Xie T, Zeng L, Chen X, Rong H, Wu J, Batley J, Jiang J, Wang Y. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain Gene Family in Brassica Napus. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030280. [PMID: 32155746 PMCID: PMC7140802 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant specific LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB)-domain (LBD) proteins belong to a family of transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth and development, as well as in responses to various stresses. However, a comprehensive study of LBDs in Brassica napus has not yet been reported. In the present study, 126 BnLBD genes were identified in B. napus genome using bioinformatics analyses. The 126 BnLBDs were phylogenetically classified into two groups and nine subgroups. Evolutionary analysis indicated that whole genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication played important roles in the expansion of the BnLBD gene family. On the basis of the RNA-seq analyses, we identified BnLBD genes with tissue or developmental specific expression patterns. Through cis-acting element analysis and hormone treatment, we identified 19 BnLBD genes with putative functions in plant response to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. This study provides a comprehensive understanding on the origin and evolutionary history of LBDs in B. napus, and will be helpful in further functional characterisation of BnLBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lei Zeng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hao Rong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-87997303
| | - Youping Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (T.X.); (L.Z.); (X.C.); (H.R.); (J.W.); (Y.W.)
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Shah N, Li Q, Xu Q, Liu J, Huang F, Zhan Z, Qin P, Zhou X, Yu W, Zhu L, Zhang C. CRb and PbBa8.1 Synergically Increases Resistant Genes Expression upon Infection of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica napus. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E202. [PMID: 32079196 PMCID: PMC7074261 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PbBa8.1 and CRb are two clubroot-resistant genes that are important for canola breeding in China. Previously, we combined these resistant genes and developed a pyramid-based, homozygous recurrent inbred line (618R), the results of which showed strong resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae field isolates; however, the genetic mechanisms of resistance were unclear. In the present work, we conducted comparative RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis between 618R and its parental lines (305R and 409R) in order to uncover the transcriptomic response of the superior defense mechanisms of 618R and to determine how these two different resistant genes coordinate with each other. Here, we elucidated that the number and expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 618R are significantly higher than in the parental lines, and PbBa8.1 shares more DEGs and plays a dominant role in the pyramided line. The common DEGs among the lines largely exhibit non-additive expression patterns and enrichment in resistance pathways. Among the enriched pathways, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signaling transduction, and secondary metabolites are the key observation. However, the expressions of the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to be crucial regulatory components in defense response. Our findings provide comprehensive transcriptomic insight into understanding the interactions of resistance gene pyramids in single lines and can facilitate the breeding of improved resistance in Brassica napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadil Shah
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Qian Li
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Qiang Xu
- Jingmen Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jingmen 448000, China; (Q.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Ju Liu
- Jingmen Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jingmen 448000, China; (Q.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Fan Huang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Zongxiang Zhan
- Molecular Biology of Vegetable Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Ping Qin
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Xueqing Zhou
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wenlin Yu
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Li Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains and the College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (N.S.); (Q.L.); (F.H.); (P.Q.); (X.Z.); (W.Y.)
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Chen R, Shimono A, Aono M, Nakajima N, Ohsawa R, Yoshioka Y. Genetic diversity and population structure of feral rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in Japan. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227990. [PMID: 31945118 PMCID: PMC6964882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most economically important oilseed crops worldwide. In Japan, it has been cultivated for more than a century and has formed many feral populations. The aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic diversity of feral rapeseeds by genotyping 537 individuals (among which 130 were determined to be genetically modified) sampled from various regions in Japan. Analysis of 30 microsatellite markers amplified 334 alleles and indicated moderate genetic diversity and high inbreeding (expected heterozygosity, 0.50; observed heterozygosity, 0.16; inbreeding coefficient within individuals, 0.68) within the feral populations. The Mantel test showed only an insignificant weak positive correlation between geographic distance and genetic distance. Analysis of molecular variance showed a greater genetic diversity among individuals than between populations. These results are in accordance with population structure assessed by using principal coordinate analysis and the program STRUCTURE, which showed that the 537 individuals could be assigned to 8 genetic clusters with very large genetic differences among individuals within the same geographic population, and that among feral individuals, many are closely related to rapeseed accessions in the NARO Genebank but some have unknown origins. These unique feral rapeseeds are likely to be affected by strong selection pressure. The results for genetically modified individuals also suggest that they have two different sources and have a considerable degree of diversity, which might be explained by hybridization with nearby individuals and separation of hybrid cultivars. The information obtained in this study could help improve the management of feral rapeseed plants in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikun Chen
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ayako Shimono
- Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Aono
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Nakajima
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryo Ohsawa
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yoshioka
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Adamidis GC, Cartar RV, Melathopoulos AP, Pernal SF, Hoover SE. Pollinators enhance crop yield and shorten the growing season by modulating plant functional characteristics: A comparison of 23 canola varieties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14208. [PMID: 31578408 PMCID: PMC6775066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect pollination of flowers should change the within-season allocation of resources in plants. But the nature of this life-history response, particularly regarding allocation to roots, photosynthetic structures, and flowers, is empirically unresolved. This study uses a greenhouse experiment to investigate the effect of insect pollination on the reproductive output of 23 varieties of a globally important crop-canola (Brassica napus). Overall, insect pollination modified the functional characteristics (flower timing & effort, plant size & shape, seed packaging, root biomass) of canola, increasing seed production and quality, and pollinator dependence. Reproductive output and pollinator dependence were defined by strong trait trade-offs, which ranged from more pollinator-dependent plants favouring early reproductive effort, to less pollinator-dependent plants favouring a prolonged phenology with smaller plant size and lower seed quality. Seed production decreased with pollinator dependence in the absence of pollinators. The agricultural preference for hybrid varieties will increase seed production compared to open-pollinated varieties, but, even so, pollinators typically enhance seed production of both types. Our study elucidates how insect pollination alters the character and function of a globally important crop, supporting optimization of yield via intensification of insect pollination, and highlights the beneficial effects of insect pollination early in the season.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C Adamidis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Ralph V Cartar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Stephen F Pernal
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge Research Farm, Beaverlodge, AB, Canada
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10
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Diehn TA, Bienert MD, Pommerrenig B, Liu Z, Spitzer C, Bernhardt N, Fuge J, Bieber A, Richet N, Chaumont F, Bienert GP. Boron demanding tissues of Brassica napus express specific sets of functional Nodulin26-like Intrinsic Proteins and BOR1 transporters. Plant J 2019; 100:68-82. [PMID: 31148338 PMCID: PMC6852077 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The sophisticated uptake and translocation regulation of the essential element boron (B) in plants is ensured by two transmembrane transporter families: the Nodulin26-like Intrinsic Protein (NIP) and BOR transporter family. Though the agriculturally important crop Brassica napus is highly sensitive to B deficiency, and NIPs and BORs have been suggested to be responsible for B efficiency in this species, functional information of these transporter subfamilies is extremely rare. Here, we molecularly characterized the NIP and BOR1 transporter family in the European winter-type cv. Darmor-PBY018. Our transport assays in the heterologous oocyte and yeast expression systems as well as in growth complementation assays in planta demonstrated B transport activity of NIP5, NIP6, NIP7 and BOR1 isoforms. Moreover, we provided functional and quantitative evidence that also members of the NIP2, NIP3 and NIP4 groups facilitate the transport of B. A detailed B- and tissue-dependent B-transporter expression map was generated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We showed that NIP5 isoforms are highly upregulated under B-deficient conditions in roots, but also in shoot tissues. Moreover, we detected transcripts of several B-permeable NIPs from various groups in floral tissues that contribute to the B distribution within the highly B deficiency-sensitive flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Arvid Diehn
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Manuela Désirée Bienert
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
- Division of Plant PhysiologyUniversity KaiserslauternKaiserslautern67663Germany
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Christoph Spitzer
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Experimental Taxonomy, Genebank DepartmentLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Jacqueline Fuge
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Annett Bieber
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
| | - Nicolas Richet
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐Neuve1348Belgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐Neuve1348Belgium
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- Metalloid Transport, Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK)Gatersleben06466Germany
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11
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Summanwar A, Basu U, Rahman H, Kav N. Identification of lncRNAs Responsive to Infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Clubroot-Susceptible and -Resistant Brassica napus Lines Carrying Resistance Introgressed from Rutabaga. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2019; 32:1360-1377. [PMID: 31090490 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-18-0341-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Clubroot disease, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is a major threat to the production of Brassica' crops. Resistance to different P. brassicae pathotypes has been reported in the A genome, chromosome A08; however, the molecular mechanism of this resistance, especially the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), is not understood. We have used a strand-specific lncRNA-Seq approach to catalog lncRNAs from the roots of clubroot-susceptible and -resistant Brassica napus lines. In total, 530 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were identified, including 88% of long intergenic RNAs and 11% natural antisense transcripts. Sixteen lncRNAs were identified as target mimics of the microRNAs (miRNAs) and eight were identified as the precursors of miRNAs. KEGG pathway analysis of the DE lncRNAs showed that the cis-regulated target genes mostly belong to the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway (15%) and plant-pathogen interactions (15%) while the transregulated target genes mostly belong to carbon (18%) and amino acid biosynthesis pathway (19%). In all, 24 DE lncRNAs were identified from chromosome A08, which is known to harbor a quantitative trait locus conferring resistance to different P. brassicae pathotypes; however, eight of these lncRNAs showed expression only in the resistant plants. These results could form the basis for future studies aimed at delineating the roles of lncRNAs in plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarohi Summanwar
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Urmila Basu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Nat Kav
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
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12
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Wang R, Li M, Wu X, Wang J. The Gene Structure and Expression Level Changes of the GH3 Gene Family in Brassica napus Relative to Its Diploid Ancestors. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010058. [PMID: 30658516 PMCID: PMC6356818 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The GH3 gene family plays a vital role in the phytohormone-related growth and developmental processes. The effects of allopolyploidization on GH3 gene structures and expression levels have not been reported. In this study, a total of 38, 25, and 66 GH3 genes were identified in Brassica rapa (ArAr), Brassica oleracea (CoCo), and Brassica napus (AnACnCn), respectively. BnaGH3 genes were unevenly distributed on chromosomes with 39 on An and 27 on Cn, in which six BnaGH3 genes may appear as new genes. The whole genome triplication allowed the GH3 gene family to expand in diploid ancestors, and allopolyploidization made the GH3 gene family re-expand in B. napus. For most BnaGH3 genes, the exon-intron compositions were similar to diploid ancestors, while the cis-element distributions were obviously different from its ancestors. After allopolyploidization, the expression patterns of GH3 genes from ancestor species changed greatly in B. napus, and the orthologous gene pairs between An/Ar and Cn/Co had diverged expression patterns across four tissues. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the GH3 gene family in B. napus, and these results could contribute to identifying genes with vital roles in phytohormone-related growth and developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Mengdi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Jianbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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13
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Fattahi F, Fakheri BA, Solouki M, Möllers C, Rezaizad A. Mapping QTL controlling agronomic traits in a doubled haploid population of winter oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L.). J Genet 2018; 97:1389-1406. [PMID: 30555087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Identification of superior alleles for agronomic traits in genetic resources of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) would be useful for improving the performance of locally adapted cultivars in Iran. The objective of the present work was to analyse the genetic variation and inheritance of important agronomic traits in a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between two German oilseed rape cultivars, Sansibar and Oase. Field experiments were performed in 2016-2017 with 200 doubled haploid lines and the parental genotypes applying an alpha-lattice design with two replicates. Phenological traits were recorded during the cultivation period and at maturity, seed yield, yield components and seed quality traits were determined. Significant genetic variation was found in most of the traits and heritabilities ranged from medium (48.5%) for days to end of flowering to high (92.6%) for oil content. A molecular marker linkage map was used to map 36 QTL for different traits on 17 linkage groups. Between three and four QTL were identified for each seed yield, seed weight, oil and protein content. Some of the plant material and positive QTL alleles identified for agronomic traits may be useful for improving those characters in locally adapted cultivars in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Fattahi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, University of Zabol, Zabol 538-98615, Iran.
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14
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Sen R, Sharma S, Kaur G, Banga SS. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy calibrations for assessment of oil, phenols, glucosinolates and fatty acid content in the intact seeds of oilseed Brassica species. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:4050-4057. [PMID: 29385269 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very few near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration models are available for non-destructive estimation of seed quality traits in Brassica juncea. Those that are available also fail to adequately discern variation for oleic acid (C18:1 ), linolenic (C18:3 ) fatty acids, meal glucosinolates and phenols. We report the development of a new NIRS calibration equation that is expected to fill the gaps in the existing NIRS equations. RESULTS Calibrations were based on the reference values of important quality traits estimated from a purposely selected germplasm set comprising 240 genotypes of B. juncea and 193 of B. napus. We were able to develop optimal NIRS-based calibration models for oil, phenols, glucosinolates, oleic acid, linoleic acid and erucic acid for B. juncea and B. napus. Correlation coefficients (RSQ) of the external validations appeared greater than 0.7 for the majority of traits, such as oil (0.766, 0.865), phenols (0.821, 0.915), glucosinolates (0.951, 0.986), oleic acid (0.814. 0.810), linoleic acid (0.974, 0.781) and erucic acid (0.963, 0.943) for B. juncea and B. napus, respectively. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate the robust predictive power of the developed calibration models for rapid estimation of many quality traits in intact rapeseed-mustard seeds which will assist plant breeders in effective screening and selection of lines in quality improvement breeding programmes. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sen
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Surinder S Banga
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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15
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Wu Y, Ke Y, Wen J, Guo P, Ran F, Wang M, Liu M, Li P, Li J, Du H. Evolution and expression analyses of the MADS-box gene family in Brassica napus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200762. [PMID: 30024950 PMCID: PMC6053192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MADS-box transcription factors are important for plant growth and development, and hundreds of MADS-box genes have been functionally characterized in plants. However, less is known about the functions of these genes in the economically important allopolyploid oil crop, Brassica napus. We identified 307 potential MADS-box genes (BnMADSs) in the B. napus genome and categorized them into type I (Mα, Mβ, and Mγ) and type II (MADS DNA-binding domain, intervening domain, keratin-like domain, and C-terminal domain [MIKC]c and MIKC*) based on phylogeny, protein motif structure, and exon-intron organization. We identified one conserved intron pattern in the MADS-box domain and seven conserved intron patterns in the K-box domain of the MIKCc genes that were previously ignored and may be associated with function. Chromosome distribution and synteny analysis revealed that hybridization between Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea, segmental duplication, and homologous exchange (HE) in B. napus were the main BnMADSs expansion mechanisms. Promoter cis-element analyses indicated that BnMADSs may respond to various stressors (drought, heat, hormones) and light. Expression analyses showed that homologous genes in a given subfamily or sister pair are highly conserved, indicating widespread functional conservation and redundancy. Analyses of BnMADSs provide a basis for understanding their functional roles in plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwen Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunzhuo Ke
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengcheng Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Ran
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mangmang Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfeng Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Song X, Ma X, Li C, Hu J, Yang Q, Wang T, Wang L, Wang J, Guo D, Ge W, Wang Z, Li M, Wang Q, Ren T, Feng S, Wang L, Zhang W, Wang X. Comprehensive analyses of the BES1 gene family in Brassica napus and examination of their evolutionary pattern in representative species. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:346. [PMID: 29743014 PMCID: PMC5944053 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4744-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BES1 gene family, an important class of plant-specific transcription factors, play key roles in the BR signal pathway in plants, regulating various development processes. Until now, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the BES1 gene family in Brassica napus, and a cross-genome exploration of their origin, copy number changes, and functional innovation in plants was also not available. RESULTS We identified 28 BES1 genes in B. napus from its two subgenomes (AA and CC). We found that 71.43% of them were duplicated in the tetraploidization, and their gene expression showed a prominent subgenome bias in the roots. Additionally, we identified 104 BES1 genes in another 18 representative angiosperms and performed a comparative analysis with B. napus, including evolutionary trajectory, gene duplication, positive selection, and expression pattern. Exploiting the available genome datasets, we performed a large-scale analysis across plants and algae suggested that the BES1 gene family could have originated from group F, expanding to form other groups (A to E) by duplicating or alternatively deleting some domains. We detected an additional domain containing M4 to M8 in exclusively groups F1 and F2. We found evidence that whole-genome duplication (WGD) contributed the most to the expansion of this gene family among examined dicots, while dispersed duplication contributed the most to expansion in certain monocots. Moreover, we inferred that positive selection might have occurred on major phylogenetic nodes during the evolution of plants. CONCLUSIONS Grossly, a cross-genome comparative analysis of the BES1 genes in B. napus and other species sheds light on understanding its copy number expansion, natural selection, and functional innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Song
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Library, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Chunjin Li
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Qihang Yang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Tong Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Li Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Di Guo
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Weina Ge
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Qiumei Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Tianzeng Ren
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Shuyan Feng
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Weimeng Zhang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
| | - Xiyin Wang
- Center of Genomics and Computational Biology, College of Life Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210 Hebei China
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17
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Wang X, Long Y, Wang N, Zou J, Ding G, Broadley MR, White PJ, Yuan P, Zhang Q, Luo Z, Liu P, Zhao H, Zhang Y, Cai H, King GJ, Xu F, Meng J, Shi L. Breeding histories and selection criteria for oilseed rape in Europe and China identified by genome wide pedigree dissection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1916. [PMID: 28507329 PMCID: PMC5432491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selection breeding has played a key role in the improvement of seed yield and quality in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). We genotyped Tapidor (European), Ningyou7 (Chinese) and their progenitors with the Brassica 60 K Illumina Infinium SNP array and mapped a total of 29,347 SNP markers onto the reference genome of Darmor-bzh. Identity by descent (IBD) refers to a haplotype segment of a chromosome inherited from a shared common ancestor. IBDs identified on the C subgenome were larger than those on the A subgenome within both the Tapidor and Ningyou7 pedigrees. IBD number and length were greater in the Ningyou7 pedigree than in the Tapidor pedigree. Seventy nine QTLs for flowering time, seed quality and root morphology traits were identified in the IBDs of Tapidor and Ningyou7. Many more candidate genes had been selected within the Ningyou7 pedigree than within the Tapidor pedigree. These results highlight differences in the transfer of favorable gene clusters controlling key traits during selection breeding in Europe and China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yan Long
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nian Wang
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guangda Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Martin R Broadley
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J White
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
- King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pan Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ziliang Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peifa Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongmei Cai
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Graham J King
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinling Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Lab of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Microelement Research Centre, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M Abdelmigid
- Faculty of Science, Botany Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516,
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19
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Greer MS, Pan X, Weselake RJ. Two Clades of Type-1 Brassica napus Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase Exhibit Differences in Acyl-CoA Preference. Lipids 2016; 51:781-6. [PMID: 27138895 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of sn-1, 2-diacylglycerol to produce triacylglycerol, which is the main component of the seed oil of Brassica oilseed species. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences encoded by four transcriptionally active DGAT1 genes from Brassica napus suggests that the gene forms diverged over time into two clades (I and II), with representative members in each genome (A and C). The majority of the amino acid sequence differences in these forms of DGAT1, however, reside outside of motifs suggested to be involved in catalysis. Despite this, the clade II enzymes displayed a significantly enhanced preference for linoleoyl-CoA when assessed using in-vitro enzyme assays with yeast microsomes containing recombinant enzyme forms. These findings contribute to our understanding of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in B. napus, and may advance our ability to engineer DGAT1s with desired substrate selectivity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Greer
- Agricultural Lipid Biotechnology Program, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Xue Pan
- Agricultural Lipid Biotechnology Program, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Randall J Weselake
- Agricultural Lipid Biotechnology Program, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
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20
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Han YL, Song HX, Liao Q, Yu Y, Jian SF, Lepo JE, Liu Q, Rong XM, Tian C, Zeng J, Guan CY, Ismail AM, Zhang ZH. Nitrogen Use Efficiency Is Mediated by Vacuolar Nitrate Sequestration Capacity in Roots of Brassica napus. Plant Physiol 2016; 170:1684-98. [PMID: 26757990 PMCID: PMC4775117 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crop plants is an important breeding target to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers, with substantial benefits to farmers and the environment. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), allocation of more NO3 (-) to shoots was associated with higher NUE; however, the commonality of this process across plant species have not been sufficiently studied. Two Brassica napus genotypes were identified with high and low NUE. We found that activities of V-ATPase and V-PPase, the two tonoplast proton-pumps, were significantly lower in roots of the high-NUE genotype (Xiangyou15) than in the low-NUE genotype (814); and consequently, less vacuolar NO3 (-) was retained in roots of Xiangyou15. Moreover, NO3 (-) concentration in xylem sap, [(15)N] shoot:root (S:R) and [NO3 (-)] S:R ratios were significantly higher in Xiangyou15. BnNRT1.5 expression was higher in roots of Xiangyou15 compared with 814, while BnNRT1.8 expression was lower. In both B. napus treated with proton pump inhibitors or Arabidopsis mutants impaired in proton pump activity, vacuolar sequestration capacity (VSC) of NO3 (-) in roots substantially decreased. Expression of NRT1.5 was up-regulated, but NRT1.8 was down-regulated, driving greater NO3 (-) long-distance transport from roots to shoots. NUE in Arabidopsis mutants impaired in proton pumps was also significantly higher than in the wild type col-0. Taken together, these data suggest that decrease in VSC of NO3 (-) in roots will enhance transport to shoot and essentially contribute to higher NUE by promoting NO3 (-) allocation to aerial parts, likely through coordinated regulation of NRT1.5 and NRT1.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Han
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Hai-Xing Song
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Qiong Liao
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Yin Yu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Shao-Fen Jian
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Joe Eugene Lepo
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Qiang Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Xiang-Min Rong
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Chang Tian
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Jing Zeng
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Chun-Yun Guan
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Abdelbagi M Ismail
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
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Han YL, Song HX, Liao Q, Yu Y, Jian SF, Lepo JE, Liu Q, Rong XM, Tian C, Zeng J, Guan CY, Ismail AM, Zhang ZH. Nitrogen Use Efficiency Is Mediated by Vacuolar Nitrate Sequestration Capacity in Roots of Brassica napus. Plant Physiol 2016. [PMID: 26757990 DOI: 10.1014/pp.15.01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crop plants is an important breeding target to reduce excessive use of chemical fertilizers, with substantial benefits to farmers and the environment. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), allocation of more NO3 (-) to shoots was associated with higher NUE; however, the commonality of this process across plant species have not been sufficiently studied. Two Brassica napus genotypes were identified with high and low NUE. We found that activities of V-ATPase and V-PPase, the two tonoplast proton-pumps, were significantly lower in roots of the high-NUE genotype (Xiangyou15) than in the low-NUE genotype (814); and consequently, less vacuolar NO3 (-) was retained in roots of Xiangyou15. Moreover, NO3 (-) concentration in xylem sap, [(15)N] shoot:root (S:R) and [NO3 (-)] S:R ratios were significantly higher in Xiangyou15. BnNRT1.5 expression was higher in roots of Xiangyou15 compared with 814, while BnNRT1.8 expression was lower. In both B. napus treated with proton pump inhibitors or Arabidopsis mutants impaired in proton pump activity, vacuolar sequestration capacity (VSC) of NO3 (-) in roots substantially decreased. Expression of NRT1.5 was up-regulated, but NRT1.8 was down-regulated, driving greater NO3 (-) long-distance transport from roots to shoots. NUE in Arabidopsis mutants impaired in proton pumps was also significantly higher than in the wild type col-0. Taken together, these data suggest that decrease in VSC of NO3 (-) in roots will enhance transport to shoot and essentially contribute to higher NUE by promoting NO3 (-) allocation to aerial parts, likely through coordinated regulation of NRT1.5 and NRT1.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Han
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Hai-Xing Song
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Qiong Liao
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Yin Yu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Shao-Fen Jian
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Joe Eugene Lepo
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Qiang Liu
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Xiang-Min Rong
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Chang Tian
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Jing Zeng
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Chun-Yun Guan
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Abdelbagi M Ismail
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China (Y.-L.H., H.-X.S., Q.Liao, Y.Y., S.-F.J., Q.Liu, X.-M.R., C.T., J.Z., C.-Y.G., Z.-H.Z.);National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Hunan Branch, Changsha, 410128, China (C.-Y.G.); Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, (J.E.L.); andCrop and Environment Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (A.M.I.)
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Li F, Chen B, Xu K, Gao G, Yan G, Qiao J, Li J, Li H, Li L, Xiao X, Zhang T, Nishio T, Wu X. A genome-wide association study of plant height and primary branch number in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Plant Sci 2016; 242:169-177. [PMID: 26566834 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Crop plant architecture plays a highly important role in its agronomic performance. Plant height (PH) and primary branch number (PB) are two major factors that affect the plant architecture of rapeseed (Brassica napus). Previous studies have shown that these two traits are controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL); however, QTLs have not been delimited to regions less than 10cM. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a highly efficient approach for identifying genetic loci controlling traits at relatively high resolution. In this study, variations in PH and PB of a panel of 472 rapeseed accessions that had previously been analyzed by a 60k SNP array were investigated for three consecutive years and studied by GWAS. Eight QTLs on chromosome A03, A05, A07 and C07 were identified for PH, and five QTLs on A01, A03, A07 and C07 were identified for PB. Although most QTLs have been detected in previous studies based on linkage analyses, the two QTLs of PH on A05 and the QTL of PB on C07 were novel. In the genomic regions close to the GWAS peaks, orthologs of the genes involved in flower development, phytohormone biosynthesis, metabolism and signaling in Arabidopsis were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
| | - Biyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Guizhen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Guixin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jiangwei Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Tianyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Takeshi Nishio
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
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Ma N, Yuan J, Li M, Li J, Zhang L, Liu L, Naeem MS, Zhang C. Ideotype population exploration: growth, photosynthesis, and yield components at different planting densities in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). PLoS One 2014; 9:e114232. [PMID: 25517990 PMCID: PMC4269386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed is one of the most important edible oil crops in the world and the seed yield has lagged behind the increasing demand driven by population growth. Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is widely cultivated with relatively low yield in China, so it is necessary to find the strategies to improve the expression of yield potential. Planting density has great effects on seed yield of crops. Hence, field experiments were conducted in Wuhan in the Yangtze River basin with one conventional variety (Zhongshuang 11, ZS11) and one hybrid variety (Huayouza 9, HYZ9) at five planting densities (27.0×104, 37.5×104, 48.0×104, 58.5×104, 69.0×104 plants ha–1) during 2010–2012 to investigate the yield components. The physiological traits for high-yield and normal-yield populations were measured during 2011–2013. Our results indicated that planting densities of 58.5×104 plants ha–1 in ZS11 and 48.0×104 plants ha–1 in HYZ9 have significantly higher yield compared with the density of 27.0×104 plants ha–1for both varieties. The ideal silique numbers for ZS11 and HYZ9 were ∼0.9×104 (n m–2) and ∼1×104 (n m-2), respectively, and ideal primary branches for ZS11 and HYZ9 were ∼250 (n m–2) and ∼300 (n m–2), respectively. The highest leaf area index (LAI) and silique wall area index (SAI) was ∼5.0 and 7.0, respectively. Moreover, higher leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and water use efficiency (WUE) were observed in the high-yield populations. A significantly higher level of silique wall photosynthesis and rapid dry matter accumulation were supposed to result in the maximum seed yield. Our results suggest that increasing the planting density within certain range is a feasible approach for higher seed yield in winter rapeseed in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Ma
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinzhan Yuan
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz Naeem
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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Zhang H, Yang B, Liu WZ, Li H, Wang L, Wang B, Deng M, Liang W, Deyholos MK, Jiang YQ. Identification and characterization of CBL and CIPK gene families in canola (Brassica napus L.). BMC Plant Biol 2014; 14:8. [PMID: 24397480 PMCID: PMC3890537 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-14-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canola (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil-producing crops in China and worldwide. The yield and quality of canola is frequently threatened by environmental stresses including drought, cold and high salinity. Calcium is a ubiquitous intracellular secondary messenger in plants. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are Ca2+ sensors and regulate a group of Ser/Thr protein kinases called CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). Although the CBL-CIPK network has been demonstrated to play crucial roles in plant development and responses to various environmental stresses in Arabidopsis, little is known about their function in canola. RESULTS In the present study, we identified seven CBL and 23 CIPK genes from canola by database mining and cloning of cDNA sequences of six CBLs and 17 CIPKs. Phylogenetic analysis of CBL and CIPK gene families across a variety of species suggested genome duplication and diversification. The subcellular localization of three BnaCBLs and two BnaCIPKs were determined using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as the reporter. We also demonstrated interactions between six BnaCBLs and 17 BnaCIPKs using yeast two-hybrid assay, and a subset of interactions were further confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). Furthermore, the expression levels of six selected BnaCBL and 12 BnaCIPK genes in response to salt, drought, cold, heat, ABA, methyl viologen (MV) and low potassium were examined by quantitative RT-PCR and these CBL or CIPK genes were found to respond to multiple stimuli, suggesting that the canola CBL-CIPK network may be a point of convergence for several different signaling pathways. We also performed a comparison of interaction patterns and expression profiles of CBL and CIPK in Arabidospsis, canola and rice, to examine the differences between orthologs, highlighting the importance of studying CBL-CIPK in canola as a prerequisite for improvement of this crop. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that CBL and CIPK family members may form a dynamic complex to respond to different abiotic or hormone signaling. Our comparative analyses of the CBL-CIPK network between canola, Arabidopsis and rice highlight functional differences and the necessity to study CBL-CIPK gene functions in canola. Our data constitute a valuable resource for CBL and CPK genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wu-Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Boya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wanwan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Michael K Deyholos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Qu C, Fu F, Lu K, Zhang K, Wang R, Xu X, Wang M, Lu J, Wan H, Zhanglin T, Li J. Differential accumulation of phenolic compounds and expression of related genes in black- and yellow-seeded Brassica napus. J Exp Bot 2013; 64:2885-98. [PMID: 23698630 PMCID: PMC3697950 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing yellow-seeded Brassica napus (rapeseed) with improved qualities is a major breeding goal. The intermediate and final metabolites of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways affect not only oil quality but also seed coat colour of B. napus. Here, the accumulation of phenolic compounds was analysed in the seed coats of black-seeded (ZY821) and yellow-seeded (GH06) B. napus. Using toluidine blue O staining and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, histochemical and biochemical differences were identified in the accumulation of phenolic compounds between ZY821 and GH06. Two and 13 unique flavonol derivatives were detected in ZY821 and GH06, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed significant differences between ZY821 and GH06 in the expression of common phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes (BnPAL and BnC4H), common flavonoid biosynthetic genes (BnTT4 and BnTT6), anthocyanin- and proanthocyandin-specific genes (BnTT3 and BnTT18), proanthocyandin-specific genes (BnTT12, BnTT10, and BnUGT2) and three transcription factor genes (BnTTG1, BnTTG2, and BnTT8) that function in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. These data provide insight into pigment accumulation in B. napus, and serve as a useful resource for researchers analysing the formation of seed coat colour and the underlying regulatory mechanisms in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Fuyou Fu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, S7N 02X, Saskatoon Saskatchewan, Canada
- *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kai Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junxing Lu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huafang Wan
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tang Zhanglin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 216 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, People’s Republic of China
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Farag MA, Sharaf Eldin MG, Kassem H, Abou el Fetouh M. Metabolome classification of Brassica napus L. organs via UPLC-QTOF-PDA-MS and their anti-oxidant potential. Phytochem Anal 2013; 24:277-87. [PMID: 23055344 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brassica napus L. is a crop widely grown for its oil production and other nutritional components in the seed. In addition to the seed, other organs contain a wide range of phenolic metabolites although they have not been investigated to the same extent as in seeds. OBJECTIVE To define and compare the phytochemical composition of B. napus L. organs, namely the root, stem, leaf, inflorescence and seeds. METHOD Non-targeted metabolomic analysis via UPLC-QTOF-MS was utilised in order to localise compounds belonging to various chemical classes (i.e. oxygenated fatty acids, flavonols, phenolic acids and sinapoyl choline derivatives). RESULTS The vast majority of identified metabolites were flavonol glycosides that accumulated in most of the plant organs. Whereas other classes were detected predominantly in specific organs, i.e. sinapoyl cholines were present uniquely in seeds. Furthermore, variation in the accumulation pattern of metabolites from the same class was observed, particularly in the case of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin flavonols. Anti-oxidant activity, based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl analysis was observed for all extracts, and correlated to some extent with total flavonoid content. CONCLUSION This study provides the most complete map for polyphenol composition in B. napus L. organs. By describing the metabolites profile in B. napus L., this study provides the basis for future investigations of seeds for potential health and/or medicinal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Körber N, Wittkop B, Bus A, Friedt W, Snowdon RJ, Stich B. Seedling development in a Brassica napus diversity set and its relationship to agronomic performance. Theor Appl Genet 2012; 125:1275-87. [PMID: 22782254 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus L. is the leading European oilseed crop and has therefore a high economical importance. The objectives of our study were to examine (1) the patterns of phenotypic diversity in a species-wide B. napus germplasm set of 518 inbreds with respect to various seedling development, agronomic, and seed quality traits as well as (2) the interrelationship of the examined traits and their use in selection on correlated traits. The B. napus germplasm set was evaluated in greenhouse and field trials for several seedling development, agronomic, and seed quality traits. The traits were highly correlated within the individual trait categories and moderately correlated between the different trait categories. We observed differences in phenotypic diversity among the examined eight germplasm types. The reduction of phenotypic diversity was on average more pronounced for the seedling development traits than for the agronomic and seed quality traits, suggesting that plant breeders need to introgress new genetic variation with respect to the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Körber
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Köln, Germany.
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Tarkowská D, Filek M, Biesaga-Kościelniak J, Marcińska I, Macháčková I, Krekule J, Strnad M. Cytokinins in shoot apices of Brassica napus plants during vernalization. Plant Sci 2012; 187:105-12. [PMID: 22404838 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The putative role of cytokinins in processes leading to reproductive development of plants was investigated by analysing the shoot apical parts of a winter cultivar of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera, cv. Górczański). The endogenous cytokinin levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in the shoot apices of vegetative plants (grown at 20/17°C with a 16/8h day/night regime) and vernalized plants (56 days at 5/2°C with a 16/8h photoperiod) at different times during floral transition. During vernalization, the content of all isoprenoid cytokinins increased significantly, coinciding well with the onset of the early stages of reproductive development. Cytokinin levels reached their maxima when most of the plants became irreversibly reproductive (after 42 days of cold treatment). cis-Zeatin riboside (unequivocally identified by quadrupole-time-of-flight MS) accounted for ca. 87-89% of the total isoprenoid cytokinin content in control and vernalized plants, whilst N(6)-isopentenyladenosine ( approximately 6% in control and approximately 8% in vernalized plants) and cis-zeatin (approxiamtely 2% in control and approximately 1% in vernalized plants) were the next most abundant cytokinins. In the post-vernalization period, endogenous cytokinin levels decreased, but remained significantly higher in the reproductive plants than in the vegetative controls. These results suggest that cytokinins, especially those of the cis-zeatin type, are involved in vernalization-induced reproductive development of B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Šlechtitelů 11, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Nicolas SD, Monod H, Eber F, Chèvre AM, Jenczewski E. Non-random distribution of extensive chromosome rearrangements in Brassica napus depends on genome organization. Plant J 2012; 70:691-703. [PMID: 22268419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.04914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome rearrangements are common, but their dynamics over time, mechanisms of occurrence and the genomic features that shape their distribution and rate are still poorly understood. We used allohaploid Brassica napus (AC, n = 19) as a model to analyze the effect of genomic features on the formation and diversity of meiotically driven chromosome rearrangements. We showed that allohaploid B. napus meiosis leads to extensive new structural diversity. Almost every allohaploid offspring carried a unique combination of multiple rearrangements throughout the genome, and was thus structurally differentiated from both its haploid parent and its sister plants. This large amount of genome reshuffling was remarkably well-tolerated in the heterozygous state, as neither male nor female fertility were strongly reduced, and meiosis behavior was normal in most cases. We also used a quantitative statistical model, which accounted for 75% of the observed variation in rearrangement rates, to show that the distribution of meiotically driven chromosome rearrangements was not random but was shaped by three principal genomic features. In descending order of importance, the rate of marker loss increased strongly with genetic distance from the centromere, the degree of collinearity between chromosomes, and the genome of origin (A < C). Overall, our results demonstrate that B. napus accumulates a large number of genetic changes, but these rearrangements are not randomly distributed in the genome. The structural genetic diversity produced by the allohaploid pathway and its role in the evolution of polyploid species compared to diploid meiosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane D Nicolas
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1349 Institut de Genétique Environnement et de Protection des Plantes, Le Rheu cedex, France.
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Yao Y, Sun H, Xu F, Zhang X, Liu S. Comparative proteome analysis of metabolic changes by low phosphorus stress in two Brassica napus genotypes. Planta 2011; 233:523-37. [PMID: 21110039 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-010-1311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to determine the adaptation strategy to phosphorous (Pi) deficiency in oilseed rape, comparative proteome analyses were conducted to investigate the differences of metabolic changes in two oilseed rape genotypes with different tolerance to low phosphorus (LP). Generally in either roots or leaves, there existed few low phosphorus (LP)-induced proteins shared in the two lines. The LP-tolerant genotype 102 maintained higher Pi concentrations than LP-sensitive genotype 105 when growing hydroponically under the 5-μM phosphorus condition. In 102 we observed the downregulation of the proteins related to gene transcription, protein translation, carbon metabolism, and energy transfer in leaves and roots, and the downregulation of proteins related to leaf growth and root cellular organization. But the proteins related to the formation of lateral root were upregulated, such as the auxin-responsive family proteins in roots and the sucrose-phosphate synthase-like protein in roots and leaves. On the other hand, the LP-sensitive genotype 105 maintained the low level of Pi concentrations and suffered high oxidative pressure under the LP condition, and stress-shocking proteins were pronouncedly upregulated such as the proteins for signal transduction, gene transcription, secondary metabolism, universal stress family proteins, as well as the proteins involved in lipid oxygenation and the disease resistance in both leaves and roots. Although the leaf proteins for growth in 105 were downregulated, the protein expressions in roots related to glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were enhanced to satisfy the requirement of organic acid secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
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Deng W, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang M, Zhao Y. Isolation and characterization of three duplicated PISTILLATA genes in Brassica napus. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:3113-20. [PMID: 20127515 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-9981-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Three coding region cDNAs of duplicated PISTILLATA-like (PI-like) MADS-box genes, BnPI-1, BnPI-2 and BnPI-3, were isolated from B. napus by RT-PCR. The sequence analysis showed that the three PI cDNAs possessed 627, 627 and 625 nucleotides, respectively, and their nucleotide sequences had 96.49-98.72% similarity. Due to a deletion of two nucleotides, the protein sequence in the downstream of the frameshift site was altered in BnPI-3. Therefore, there were only 171 amino acids coded by BnPI-3, while there were 208 ones coded by BnPI-1 or BnPI-2. The deduced amino acid identity between BnPI-1 and BnPI-2 was 97.6% and the amino acid sequence of BnPI-1 and BnPI-2 shared 72.6% identity with BnPI-3. The deduced amino acid sequences of the coded proteins indicated high homology with the members of the PI family of MADS-box proteins. RT-PCR analysis showed that BnPI transcription was only detectable in petals and stamens. The yeast two-hybrid assays results showed that the three BnPI proteins exhibited different dimerization affinities with three BnAP3. BnPI-1 and BnPI-2 could form strong heterodimers with BnAP3. The dimerization affinity of BnPI-1 with BnAP3-4 is the strongest in all the combinations, while the affinity of BnPI-3 with BnAP3-4 is the weakest. The dimerization affinity to BnAP3-4 of BnPI-1 is 3.5 times of that of BnPI-3. The distinguished weak interaction to AP3 of BnPI-3 is probably due to the loss of the PI motif. The divergences of sequence and affinity of protein interaction might reflect some functional divergence of the three PI genes in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Bio-resources and Eco-environment, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
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Schmidt AM, Sahota R, Pope DS, Lawrence TS, Belton MP, Rott ME. Detection of genetically modified canola using multiplex PCR coupled with oligonucleotide microarray hybridization. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:6791-6800. [PMID: 18636685 DOI: 10.1021/jf800137q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A rapid method was developed for concurrent screening of transgenic elements in GM canola. This method utilizes a single multiplex PCR coupled with an oligonucleotide DNA array capable of simultaneously detecting the 12 approved GM canola lines in Canada. The assay includes construct-specific elements for identification of approved lines, common elements (e.g., CaMV 35S promoter, Agrobacterium tumefaciens nos terminator, or nptII gene) for screening of approved or unapproved lines, a canola-specific endogenous gene, and endogenous genes from heterologous crops to serve as additional controls. Oligonucleotide probes were validated individually for functionality and specificity by amplification of specific transgene sequences from appropriate GM canola lines corresponding to each probe sequence, and hybridization of amplicons to the array. Each target sequence hybridized to its corresponding oligonucleotide probe and no significant cross-hybridization was observed. The limit of detection was examined for the GM lines GT73, T45, and MS8/RF3, and was determined to be 0.1%, 0.1%, and 0.5%, respectively, well within the European food and feed labeling threshold level of 0.9% for approved GM product. Practically, the method was demonstrated to be effective for the detection of GM canola in several types of animal feed, as well as in commercial canola meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Mary Schmidt
- Sidney Laboratory, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 8801 East Saanich Road, Sidney, British Columbia V8L 1H3, Canada
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Zhuang J, Zhou XR, Sun CC, Guan BC, Peng RH, Qiao YS, Zhang Z, Xiong AS, Yao QH. [Cloning and bioinformatic analyzing of transcription factor AP2/ERF-B3 subfamily genes from Brassica napus L. Huyou 15]. Fen Zi Xi Bao Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2008; 41:192-206. [PMID: 18630598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AP2/ERF is a large family of transcription factors in plant. Genes in the AP2/ERF family encode transcriptional regulators with a variety of functions involved in the developmental and physiological processes in plants. Two AP2/ERF family transcriptional regulators (BnaERFB3-1 and BnaERFB3-2) were isolated from B. napus by in silico cloning method using the conserved domain amino acid sequence of A. thaliana AP2/ERF-B3 subfamily as probe. Based on the sequences of BnaERFB3-1 and BnaERFB3-2, we isolated the BnaERFB3-1-Hy15 gene and BnaERFB3-2-Hy15 gene from winter and spring type B. napus L. cv Huyou15 by RT-PCR and PCR using cDNA and DNA as template. DNA sequencing and analyzing indicated that there was only one amino acid residue difference between BnaERFB3-1 and BnaERFB3-1-Hy15, BnaERFB3-2 and BnaERFB3-2-Hy15, respectively. No intron localized on the two genes from Huyou15. Then, deduced amino acid sequence, composition, hydrophobicty and hydrophilicity, physical and chemical characterization, phylogenetic tree, conserved domain sequences, function domain, molecular modeling, and folding state were predicted and analyzed. BnaERFB3-1-Hy15 and BnaERFB3-2-Hy15 were hydrophilic protein. The two proteins and AtERF5 have similar three-dimension structure. The disordered residues of protein BnaERFB3-1-Hy15 and BnaERFB3-2-Hy15 were higher than that of AtERF5. BnaERFB3-1 was mainly expressed in seed, while BnaERFB3-2 was mainly expressed in root. Moreover, those genes were successfully constructed into the recombinant plasmids of plant expression vector and yeast expression vector, which established a base for transformation of oilseed and studies of those genes function in abiotic stresses of B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhuang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Allnutt TR, Roper K, Henry C. Development and application of SINE multilocus and quantitative genetic markers to study oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) crops. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:426-432. [PMID: 18092752 DOI: 10.1021/jf072047a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A genetic marker system based on the S1 Short Interspersed Elements (SINEs) in the important commercial crop, oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L.) has been developed. SINEs provided a successful multilocus, dominant marker system that was capable of clearly delineating winter- and spring-type crop varieties. Sixteen of 20 varieties tested showed unique profiles from the 17 polymorphic SINE markers generated. The 3' or 5' flank region of nine SINE markers were cloned, and DNA was sequenced. In addition, one putative pre-transposition SINE allele was cloned and sequenced. Two SINE flanking sequences were used to design real-time PCR assays. These quantitative SINE assays were applied to study the genetic structure of eight fields of oilseed rape crops. Studied fields were more genetically diverse than expected for the chosen loci (mean H T = 0.23). The spatial distribution of SINE marker frequencies was highly structured in some fields, suggesting locations of volunteer impurities within the crop. In one case, the assay identified a mislabeling of the crop variety. SINE markers were a useful tool for crop genetics, phylogenetics, variety identification, and purity analysis. The use and further application of quantitative, real-time PCR markers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Allnutt
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO411LZ, United Kingdom
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Ahmad G, Jan A, Arif M, Jan M, Khattak R. Influence of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization on quality of canola (Brassica napus L.) under rainfed conditions. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2007; 8:731-7. [PMID: 17910116 PMCID: PMC1997227 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2007.b0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted at Cereal Crops Research Institute, Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan, during winter 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and sulfur levels and methods of nitrogen application on canola (Brassica napus L. cv. Bulbul-98) under rainfed conditions. Four levels of S (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg/ha) and three levels of N (40, 60, and 80 kg/ha) and a control treatment with both nutrients at zero level were included in the experiments. Sulfur levels were applied at sowing while N levels were applied by three methods (100% soil application, 90% soil+10% foliar application, and 80% soil +20% foliar application). The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design having four replications. Oil content increased significantly up to 20 kg S/ha but further increase in S level did not enhance oil content. Glucosinolate content increased from 13.6 to 24.6 micromol/g as S rate was increased from 0 to 30 kg/ha. Protein content increased from 22.4% to 23.2% as S rate was increased from 0 to 20 kg/ha. Oil content responded negatively to the increasing N levels. The highest N level resulted in the highest values for protein (23.5%) and glucosinolate (19.9 micromol/g) contents. Methods of N application had no significant impact on any parameters under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ahmad
- Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak, North West Frontier Province (NWFP) 25000, Pakistan
| | - A. Jan
- Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University Peshawar, North West Frontier Province (NWFP) 25000, Pakistan
| | - M. Arif
- Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University Peshawar, North West Frontier Province (NWFP) 25000, Pakistan
- †E-mail:
| | - M.T. Jan
- Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University Peshawar, North West Frontier Province (NWFP) 25000, Pakistan
| | - R.A. Khattak
- Dean Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, Agricultural University Peshawar, North West Frontier Province (NWFP) 25000, Pakistan
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Li M, Liu J, Wang Y, Yu L, Meng J. Production of Partial New-typed Brassica Napus by Introgression of Genomic Components from B. rapa and B. carinata. J Genet Genomics 2007; 34:460-8. [PMID: 17560532 DOI: 10.1016/s1673-8527(07)60050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A breeding strategy for widening the germplasm of Brassica napus was proposed by introgression of the A(r) subgenome of B. rapa (A(r)A(r)) and C(c) of B. carinata (B(c)B(c)C(c)C(c)) into natural B. napus (A(n)A(n)C(n)C(n)). The progenies with 38 chromosomes that were derived from the self-pollinated seeds of pentaploid hybrids (A(r)A(n)B(c)C(c)C(n)) were used for further research. Some of the partial new-typed B. napus showed normal meiotic behavior, high portion of germinated pollen and normal embryological development. This indicates that the selected new-typed B. napus had a balanced genetic base. Molecular analysis showed that about 50% of the genome in the new-typed B. napus was replaced by A(r) and C(c) subgenome from B. rapa and B. carinata. Considering the genetic diversity among different lines of new-typed B. napus it was deduced that the introgression of the genomic components from B. rapa and B. carinata could widen the genetic diversity of rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoteng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Devouge V, Rogniaux H, Nési N, Tessier D, Guéguen J, Larré C. Differential Proteomic Analysis of Four Near-Isogenic Brassica napus Varieties Bred for their Erucic Acid and Glucosinolate Contents. J Proteome Res 2007; 6:1342-53. [PMID: 17305382 DOI: 10.1021/pr060450b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four near-isogenic B. napus varieties, with decreasing amounts of erucic acid and glucosinolates reflecting the actual breeding process, were used to characterize the proteins affected during this process. Following improvement of 2-DE conditions, proteins differentially accumulated were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. Accumulation of cruciferins was found to be only slightly affected, whereas significant quantitative differences were mainly found for proteins involved in defense system and carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Devouge
- INRA Centre de Nantes, BIA, Rue de la Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France
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Namasivayam P, Skepper J, Hanke D. Identification of a potential structural marker for embryogenic competency in the Brassica napus spp. oleifera embryogenic tissue. Plant Cell Rep 2006; 25:887-95. [PMID: 16568254 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2005] [Revised: 11/18/2005] [Accepted: 01/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Brassica napus secondary embryogenesis system requires no exogenous growth regulator to stimulate embryo development. It is stable embryogenically over a long period of culture and has a distinct pre-embryogenic stage. This system was used to investigate the morphological and cellular changes occurring in the embryogenic tissue compared to non-embryogenic tissue using various microscopy techniques. A unique ultrastructural feature designated the extracellular matrix (ECM) was observed on the surface of pre-embryogenic embryoids but not on the non-embryogenic individuals. The ECM layer was found to be dominant in the pre-embryogenic stage and reduced to fragments during embryo growth and development in mature embryogenic tissue. This is a novel aspect of the phenotype previously unreported in the Brassica system. This structure might be linked to acquisition of embryogenic competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parameswari Namasivayam
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Qian W, Meng J, Li M, Frauen M, Sass O, Noack J, Jung C. Introgression of genomic components from Chinese Brassica rapa contributes to widening the genetic diversity in rapeseed (B. napus L.), with emphasis on the evolution of Chinese rapeseed. Theor Appl Genet 2006; 113:49-54. [PMID: 16604336 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-006-0269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 03/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In spite of its short history of being an oil crop in China, the Chinese semi-winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L., 2n = 38, AACC) has been improved rapidly by intentional introgression of genomic components from Chinese B. rapa (2n = 20, AA). As a result, the Chinese semi-winter rapeseed has diversified genetically from the spring and winter rapeseed grown in the other regions such as Europe and North America. The objectives of this study were to investigate the roles of the introgression of the genomic components from the Chinese B. rapa in widening the genetic diversity of rapeseed and to verify the role of this introgression in the evolution of the Chinese rapeseed. Ten lines of the new type of rapeseed, which were produced by introgression of Chinese B. rapa to Chinese normal rapeseed, were compared for genetic diversity using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) with three groups of 35 lines of the normal rapeseed, including 9 semi-winter rapeseed lines from China, 9 winter rapeseed lines from Europe and 17 spring rapeseed lines from Northern Europe, Canada and Australia. Analysis of 799 polymorphic fragments revealed that within the groups, the new type rapeseed had the highest genetic diversity, followed by the semi-winter normal rapeseed from China. Spring and winter rapeseed had the lowest genetic diversity. Among the groups, the new type rapeseed group had the largest average genetic distance to the other three groups. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis, however, could not separate the new type rapeseed group from Chinese normal rapeseed group. Our data suggested that the introgression of Chinese B. rapa could significantly diversify the genetic basis of the rapeseed and play an important role in the evolution of Chinese rapeseed. The use of new genetic variation for the exploitation of heterosis in Brassica hybrid breeding is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Qian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Cui HM, Cao JS, Zhang ML, Yao XT, Xiang X. [Differences of gene expression in bud stage of backcross hybrid between Ogura-type male-sterile Brassica napus L and B campestris L versus parents]. Yi Chuan 2005; 27:255-61. [PMID: 15843356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Crosses between female parent of Ogura male sterility Brassica napus L. and male parents of B. campestris ssp. chinensis Makino were made and F(1), BC(1) and BC(2) generations produced. Gene expression of two Chinese cabbage backcross hybrid BC(1), BC(2) and their parents at bud stage was analyzed by means of cDNA-AFLP technique. The results indicated that the patterns of gene expression differ significantly between BC(1) and BC(2) generations and their parents. There were many patterns of gene expression, including gene overexpression and gene silencing. Five patterns (seven kinds) of gene expression were observed, which include: (1) bands occurring in only one parent (two kinds); (2) bands observed in hybrids and one parent (two kinds); (3) bands occurring in only parents (one kind); (4) bands visualized in only hybrids (one kind); (5) bands observed in parents and hybrids (one kind). In accompany with the addition of backcross, the increase trend in backcross hybrids and their parents were described in the aspects of differential gene expression, bands expressed only in one parent and bands expressed only in both parents. The declined trend in backcross hybrids and their parents were observed in the aspects of bands expressed in both hybrids and one parent (two kinds), bands visualized in only hybrids and bands observed in parents and hybrid. Fifteen patterns of gene expression were observed in F(1)bBC(1)bBC(2) and backcross parents. The percent of bands expressed in F(1)bBC(1)bBC(2) and backcross was highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Mei Cui
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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Tommasini L, Batley J, Arnold GM, Cooke RJ, Donini P, Lee D, Law JR, Lowe C, Moule C, Trick M, Edwards KJ. The development of multiplex simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to complement distinctness, uniformity and stability testing of rape (Brassica napus L.) varieties. Theor Appl Genet 2003; 106:1091-1101. [PMID: 12671758 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2002] [Accepted: 08/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To assess the potential of multiplex SSR markers for testing distinctness, uniformity and stability of rape (Brassica napus L.) varieties, we developed three multiplex SSR sets composed of five markers each. These were used to measure the extent of diversity within and between a set of ten varieties using a fluorescence-based semi-automated detection technology. Also, we evaluated the significance of any correlation between SSRs, pedigree and five of the morphological characters currently used for statutory distinctness, uniformity and stability testing of rape varieties. An assignment test was allowed to identify 99% of the plants examined, with the correct variety based on the analysis of 48 individual plants for each variety. Principal coordinate analysis confirmed that a high degree of separation between varieties could be achieved. Varieties were separated in three groups corresponding to winter, spring and forage types. These results suggested that it should be possible to select a set of markers for obtaining a suitable separation. Diversity within varieties varied considerably, according to the variety and the locus examined. No significant correlation was found between SSR and morphological data. However, genetic distances measured by SSRs were correlated to pedigree. These results suggested that SSRs could be used for pre-screening or grouping of existing and candidate varieties, allowing the number of varieties that need to be grown for comparison to be reduced. Multiplex SSR sets gave high-throughput reproducible results, thus reducing the costs of SSR assessment. Multiplex SSR sets are a promising way forward for complementing the current variety testing system in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tommasini
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, BS8 1UG, UK
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