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Ma C, Wang Y, Wilson KM, Mucci LA, Stampfer MJ, Pollak M, Penney KL. Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1-Related Biomarkers and Risk of Lethal Prostate Cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2022; 6:pkab091. [PMID: 35047751 PMCID: PMC8763370 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental and epidemiologic evidence supports the role of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels with the risk of prostate cancer. Most circulating IGF-1 is bound to specific binding proteins, and only about 5% circulates in a free form. We explored the relation of free IGF-1 and other components of the IGF system with lethal prostate cancer. Methods Using prospectively collected samples, we undertook a nested case-only analysis among 434 men with lethal prostate cancer and 524 men with indolent, nonlethal prostate cancer in the Physicians’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Prediagnostic plasma samples were assayed for free IGF-1 and total IGF-1, acid labile subunit, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), and intact and total IGF binding protein 4. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between IGF-1–related biomarkers and lethal prostate cancer using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for age, height, and body mass index. Results Men in the highest quartile of PAPP-A levels had 42% higher odds of lethal prostate cancer (pooled adjusted OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.92) compared with men in the lowest 3 quartiles. There were no statistically significant differences in the other plasma analytes. The positive association between PAPP-A and lethal prostate cancer was present among men with intact PTEN but not among those with tumor PTEN loss (2-sided Pinteraction = .001). Conclusions Our study provides suggestive evidence that among men who later develop prostate cancer, higher plasma PAPP-A levels measured prior to diagnosis are associated with increased risk of lethal compared with indolent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Ma
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Correspondence to: Chaoran Ma, MD, PhD, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA (e-mail: )
| | - Ye Wang
- Oncology Department, McGill University and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meir J Stampfer
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Pollak
- Oncology Department, McGill University and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathryn L Penney
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Shi M, Yang R, Lin J, Wei QI, Chen L, Gong W, Li Y, Guo X. LncRNA-SNHG16 promotes proliferation and migration of acute myeloid leukemia cells via PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis through suppressing CELF2 protein. J Biosci 2021; 46:4. [PMID: 33576342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The silence of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) suppressed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell proliferation and migration, whereas its role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still lacks clarity. This study showed that SNHG16 was upregulated in AML patients and cells. And SNHG16 overexpression remarkably enhanced the proliferation and migration capacities of HL60 and AML-193 cells, while SNHG16 knockdown acted the opposite way. Subsequently, we revealed that SNHG16 directly bound to CELF2 (CUGBP Elav-like family member 2) protein, and caused CELF2 mRNA unstably and proteins reducing. CELF2 was decreased both in AML patients and cells. CELF2 overexpression or interference weakened the effect of overexpressing or silencing SNHG16 on proliferation and migration. Moreover, the transfection of pcDNA-CELF2 elevated PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) activity and hindered the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling. And SNHG16 reduced PTEN activity and promoted the PI3K/AKT pathway activation by restraining CELF2. Furthermore, GDC-0941 (a specific inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway) impeded the effect of SNHG16 increase, and bpV(pic) (a specific PTEN inhibitor) declined the effect of SNHG16 decrease on cell proliferation and migration. Taken together, the present study indicated that SNHG16 promoted proliferation and migration of AML cells via PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis through suppressing CELF2 protein.
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MESH Headings
- CELF Proteins/blood
- CELF Proteins/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/blood
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/blood
- Oncogene Protein v-akt/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/blood
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/blood
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/blood
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Signal Transduction/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Peihua University, 888 Changning Street, Xi'an 710125, China
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Aksan H, Kundaktepe BP, Sayili U, Velidedeoglu M, Simsek G, Koksal S, Gelisgen R, Yaylim I, Uzun H. Circulating miR-155, let-7c, miR-21, and PTEN levels in differential diagnosis and prognosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and breast cancer. Biofactors 2020; 46:955-962. [PMID: 32941675 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates whether the circulating miR-155, let-7c, miR-21, and PTEN levels to be used in the differential diagnosis of patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) and breast cancer (BC). Forty-five patients with BC, 50 patients with IGM, and 48 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Serum miR-21 expression was significantly higher in BC (fold change = 2.42) and IGM group (fold change = 1.33) compared to control (p < .001). Serum miR-155 and let-7c expression levels were significantly lower in both groups compared to the control group (p < .001). miR-21 expression in BC was significantly higher than IGM (fold change = 1.976; p < .001). PTEN levels in BC were significantly higher than IGM (p < .001) and significantly lower than the control group (p < .001); the IGM group was significantly lower than the control group (p < .001). In addition to radiological data, serum miR-21 and PTEN levels may be noninvasive biomarkers that can help differentiate IGM from BC. The results of the study will lead to future studies in the differential diagnosis of IGM and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Aksan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Haliç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrin Papila Kundaktepe
- Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugurcan Sayili
- Department of Public Health, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Velidedeoglu
- Department of General Surgery, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gonul Simsek
- Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selcuk Koksal
- Department of Public Health, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Remise Gelisgen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Yaylim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hafize Uzun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Liang Z, Tang Y, Li H, Xie Y, Zhan L. Association of phosphatase and tension homologue deleted on chromosome ten polymorphism rs1903858, but not serum levels with the risk of non-small-cell lung cancer: A case-control study. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23328. [PMID: 32537792 PMCID: PMC7439348 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the association between phosphatase and tension homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) gene polymorphisms and non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and further identify whether these polymorphisms influence serum PTEN levels. Methods A total of 152 NSCLC patients and 124 healthy controls were included in the study. PTEN gene rs11202586 (T > C) and rs1903858 (A > G) polymorphisms were detected using the multiple single‐base extension technique (SNaPshot). The serum PTEN levels were determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Results The rs1903858 AG, GG genotypes, and G allele were associated with a higher risk of NSCLC (odds ratio (OR) =2.079, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.087‐3.974, P = .027; OR = 1.897, 95%CI = 1.053‐3.419, P = .033; OR = 1.505, 95%CI = 1.065‐2.126, P = .020). Stratified analysis reveal that the rs1903858 GG genotype and G allele were associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (OR = 3.226, 95%CI = 1.075‐9.678, P = .037; OR = 1.873, 95%CI = 1.092‐3.212, P = .023). Among smokers, the rs1903858 G allele carriers have an increased risk of NSCLC (OR = 1.916, 95%CI = 1.023‐3.589, P = .042), but a decreased risk of NSCLC was found with the AT haplotype. With respect to the serum PTEN levels, no significant difference was noted between NSCLC patients and healthy controls in this study. Conclusions The study indicated that the rs1903858 gene polymorphism is associated with increased risk of NSCLC, particularly in SCC and smoker, and the haplotype AT was a protective factor for NSCLC. The serum PTEN levels were not associated with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryRed Cross Hospital of Yulin CityYulinChina
| | - Yuzhu Tang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryRuikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanningChina
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Blood TransfusionPeople's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Youjun Xie
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Lingling Zhan
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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Zhang C, Guo Y, Li J, Tian X, Duan X. The role of the phosphatase and tensin homolog status in predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapies in HER2-positive primary breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14261. [PMID: 30702584 PMCID: PMC6380662 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The addition of anti-HER2 therapies to neoadjuvant treatment significantly enhances pathological complete response (PCR) rate in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. Selecting patients unlikely to benefit from neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapies is increasingly important. In this study, we proposed to assess the role of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) as a biomarker in predicting PCR to neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapies by conducting meta-analysis. METHODS Our team searched Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library by the end of September 16, 2018, for trials on patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapies. The associations between PTEN expression and PCR rate were then assessed. Odds ratio (ORs) and hazard ratio (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with 2-sided P values were calculated. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to estimate the quality of the involved trials. RESULTS A total of 820 patients from 8 trials were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the PTEN normal tumors was related to a significant increase in PCR rate (OR 0.55; 95% CI = 0.31-0.96; P = .04; I = 54%). In different anti-HER2 agents analysis, the PTEN normal tumors was related to a significant increase in PCR rate in patients treated with trastuzumab alone (OR 0.40; 95% CI = 0.24-0.67; P = .0005; I = 15%). Besides, no significant association between PTEN status and PCR rate was detected in patients treated with lapatinib alone (OR 1.90; 95% CI = 0.78-4.60; P = .16; I = 0%) or trastuzumab plus lapatinib (OR 1.27; 95% CI = 0.27-5.97; P = .76; I = 73%). CONCLUSION Based on current evidence, PTEN status could be n suitable biomarker in predicting PCR rate to neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapies, especially in trastuzumab-treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province
| | - Jiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province
| | - Xingsong Tian
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province
| | - Xuening Duan
- Breast Disease Centre, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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McDaniel AS, Ferraldeschi R, Krupa R, Landers M, Graf R, Louw J, Jendrisak A, Bales N, Marrinucci D, Zafeiriou Z, Flohr P, Sideris S, Mateo J, de Bono JS, Dittamore R, Tomlins SA, Attard G. Phenotypic diversity of circulating tumour cells in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. BJU Int 2017; 120:E30-E44. [PMID: 27539393 PMCID: PMC5316381 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To use a non-biased assay for circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) in order to identify non-traditional CTC phenotypes potentially excluded by conventional detection methods that are reliant on antigen- and/or size-based enrichment. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 41 patients with metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC) and 20 healthy volunteers were analysed on the Epic CTC platform, via high-throughput imaging of DAPI expression and CD45/cytokeratin (CK) immunofluorescence (IF) on all circulating nucleated cells plated on glass slides. To confirm the PCa origin of CTCs, IF was used for androgen receptor (AR) expression and fluorescence in situ hybridization was used for PTEN and ERG assessment. RESULTS Traditional CTCs (CD45- /CK+ /morphologically distinct) were identified in all patients with mCRPC and we also identified CTC clusters and non-traditional CTCs in patients with mCRPC, including CK- and apoptotic CTCs. Small CTCs (≤white blood cell size) were identified in 98% of patients with mCRPC. Total, traditional and non-traditional CTCs were significantly increased in patients who were deceased vs alive after 18 months; however, only non-traditional CTCs were associated with overall survival. Traditional and total CTC counts according to the Epic platform in the mCRPC cohort were also significantly correlated with CTC counts according to the CellSearch system. CONCLUSIONS Heterogeneous non-traditional CTC populations are frequent in mCRPC and may provide additional prognostic or predictive information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. McDaniel
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Roberta Ferraldeschi
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | | | - Ryon Graf
- Epic Sciences, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Zafeiris Zafeiriou
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Penelope Flohr
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Spyridon Sideris
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joaquin Mateo
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Johann S. de Bono
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | | | - Scott A. Tomlins
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Gerhardt Attard
- Cancer Biomarkers Team, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group and Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, UK
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Razavi SA, Modarressi MH, Yaghmaei P, Tavangar SM, Hedayati M. Circulating levels of PTEN and KLLN in papillary thyroid carcinoma: can they be considered as novel diagnostic biomarkers? Endocrine 2017; 57:428-435. [PMID: 28755140 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE PTEN and KLLN are two tumor suppressor genes located in 10q23, share a bidirectional promoter and have roles in carcinogenesis. Formerly, the role of PTEN mutations and KLLN epimutations were identified in incidence of thyroid lesions in individuals with Cowden syndrome, a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder. This study is the first of its type to assess PTEN and KLLN circulating levels in patients with sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and compare to patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) and healthy individuals. METHODS Plasma levels of PTEN and KLLN were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in three groups consisted of PTC (n = 33), MNG (n = 26) and healthy persons (n = 30). The association of demographic/pathological characteristics with the levels of PTEN and KLLN were evaluated. RESULTS A significant lower plasma levels of PTEN and KLLN were observed in PTC patients compared with those of healthy persons (PTEN, 9.43 ± 3.20 vs. 16.96 ± 1.28 ng/ml, P = 0.000; KLLN, 1.81 ± 0.83 vs. 2.57 ± 1.09 ng/ml, P = 0.005), while no statistical difference was found between PTC and MNG groups. Patients with MNG lesion had significantly lower levels of PTEN/KLLN (PTEN, 9.62 ± 2.97 vs. 16.96 ± 1.28 ng/ml, P = 0.000; KLLN, 1.34 ± 0.86 vs. 2.57 ± 1.09 ng/ml, P = 0.000) compared to the healthy controls. The demographic/pathological characteristics did not demonstrate an association with the levels of PTEN and KLLN. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that the lowered levels of PTEN and KLLN are associated with both sporadic PTC and MNG tumorigenesis, but they cannot be considered as circulating biomarkers for differential diagnosis between malignancy and benignity in indeterminate thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adeleh Razavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Modarressi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehr Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Mohammad Tavangar
- Department of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Abstract
MicroRNAs are small, endogenous, and non-coding RNAs that play important regulatory roles in multiple biological processes in cancers. Recent evidence has indicated that miR-19a participates in the cancer tumorigenic progression. However, the functional roles of miR-19a in cancer stem cells are still unclear. As the cancer stem cells are considered to be responsible for the tumor recurrence and treatment failure in osteosarcoma, the aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-19a underlying osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. In this study, we observed significant upregulation of miR-19a in osteosarcoma patients' tumor tissues as well as the osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro. We showed that knockdown of miR-19a by its antisense oligonucleotide (anti-miR-19a) significantly decreased the population of cancer stem cells in osteosarcoma cell lines. Furthermore, we found the miR-19a regulated the cell proliferation, migration, and viability in the human osteosarcoma-cancer stem cells. The gene of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10, which is an important tumor suppressor, was found to be directly regulated by miR-19a in human osteosarcoma-cancer stem cells. We demonstrated that knockdown of miR-19a increased the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10. As the anti-miR-19a inhibited the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway and induced apoptosis of human osteosarcoma-cancer stem cells, the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 small interfering RNA inhibited the effect of it. Meanwhile, the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 small interfering RNA also abolished the effect of anti-miR-19a on inhibiting the cell proliferation, migration, and viability in the human osteosarcoma-cancer stem cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that dysregulation of miR-19a plays critical roles in the osteosarcoma stem cells, at least in part via targeting the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10. Knockdown of miR-19a may represent a potential strategy for the osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Youbin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shunliang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chuangyi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shaowei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Sanchez-Pareja A, Clément S, Peyrou M, Spahr L, Negro F, Rubbia-Brandt L, Foti M. Phosphatase and tensin homolog is a differential diagnostic marker between nonalcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:3735-3745. [PMID: 27076758 PMCID: PMC4814736 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i14.3735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the protein expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in human liver biopsies of patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease.
METHODS: PTEN protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver sections of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (n = 44) or alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (n = 25). Liver resections obtained from 3 healthy subjects candidate for partial liver donation served as controls. Histological evaluations were performed by two experienced pathologists, and diagnoses established based on international criteria. The intensity of the PTEN staining in nuclei was compared between steatotic and non-steatotic areas of each liver fragment analyzed. For each liver specimen, the antibody-stained sections were examined and scored blindly by three independent observers, who were unaware of the patients’ clinical history.
RESULTS: In healthy individuals, PTEN immunostaining was intense in both the cytoplasm and nuclei of all hepatocytes. However, PTEN was strongly downregulated in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of hepatocytes from steatotic areas in patients with NAFLD, independently of the disease stage. In contrast, no changes in PTEN protein expression were observed in patients with ALD, regardless of the presence of steatosis or the stage of the disease. The degree of PTEN downregulation in hepatocytes of patients with NAFLD correlated with the percentage of steatosis (r = 0.3061, P = 0.0459) and the BMI (r = 0.4268, P = 0.0043). Hovewer, in patients with ALD, PTEN expression was not correlated with the percentage of steatosis with or without obesity as a confounding factor (P = 0.5574). Finally, PTEN expression level in steatotic areas of ALD patients was significantly different from that seen in steatotic areas of NAFLD patients (P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: PTEN protein expression is downregulated early in NAFLD, but not in ALD. PTEN immunohistochemical detection could help in the differential diagnosis of NAFLD and ALD.
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Sun CM, Luan CF. Overexpression of microRNA-21 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is associated with disease stage and treatment outcome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:3397-3402. [PMID: 26439034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We wished to assess the association between microRNA-21 (miR-21) and disease stage and treatment outcome in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (B-NHL). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of consecutive 128 patients with B-NHL were enrolled; 30 healthy individuals served as controls. qPCR assay was utilized to quantify expression levels of miR-21 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; Ficoll isolation protocol). Expression of the miR-21 target, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), was assessed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS miR-21 was overexpressed in PBMC of patients with B-NHL (p < 0.05 vs. healthy individuals). Furthermore, miR-21 expression levels were significantly higher in patients with the stage III/IV B-NHL (p < 0.05 vs. stage I/II B-NHL). After chemotherapy, miR-21 expression levels were significantly decreased in patients in complete remission and became comparable to those of healthy individuals. Also, miR-21 expression levels were lower in patients treated with chemotherapy combined with rituximab. There was a negative association between miR-21 overexpression and post-chemotherapy survival rates of the patients. Expression of PTEN was significantly lower in patients with B-NHL (p < 0.05 vs. healthy individuals). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of miR-21 is associated with disease stage and treatment outcome of B-NHL. This potentially involves negative modulation of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-M Sun
- Center for Laboratory Diagnosis, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China.
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Gabriel K, Ingram A, Austin R, Kapoor A, Tang D, Majeed F, Qureshi T, Al-Nedawi K. Regulation of the tumor suppressor PTEN through exosomes: a diagnostic potential for prostate cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70047. [PMID: 23936141 PMCID: PMC3723640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN is a potent tumor-suppressor protein. Aggressive and metastatic prostate cancer (PC) is associated with a reduction or loss of PTEN expression. PTEN reduction often occurs without gene mutations, and its downregulation is not fully understood. Herein, we show that PTEN is incorporated in the cargo of exosomes derived from cancer cells. PTEN is not detected in exosomes derived from normal, noncancerous cells. We found that PTEN can be transferred to other cells through exosomes. In cells that have a reduction or complete loss of PTEN expression, the transferred PTEN is competent to confer tumor-suppression activity to acceptor cells. In PC patients, we show that PTEN is incorporated in the cargo of exosomes that circulate in their blood. Interestingly, normal subjects have no PTEN expression in their blood exosomes. Further, we found that the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is incorporated in PC patients’ and normal subjects’ blood exosomes. These data suggest that exosomal PTEN can compensate for PTEN loss in PTEN deficient cells, and may have diagnostic value for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Gabriel
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alistair Ingram
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Austin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fadwa Majeed
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Talha Qureshi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Khalid Al-Nedawi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Hamilton Centre for Kidney Research (HCKR), St. Joseph’s Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ngeow J, He X, Mester JL, Lei J, Romigh T, Orloff MS, Milas M, Eng C. Utility of PTEN protein dosage in predicting for underlying germline PTEN mutations among patients presenting with thyroid cancer and Cowden-like phenotypes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:E2320-7. [PMID: 23066114 PMCID: PMC3513537 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Thyroid cancer is a major component of Cowden syndrome (CS). CS patients with an underlying PTEN mutation (PTEN(mut+)) have a 70-fold increased risk of developing epithelial thyroid cancer. In contrast, less than 1% of sporadic epithelial thyroid cancer patients carry a germline PTEN mutation. Cost-efficient markers capable of shortlisting thyroid cancers for CS genetic testing would be clinically useful. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to analyze the utility of patient blood phosphate and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) protein levels in predicting germline PTEN mutations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS We conducted a 5-yr, multicenter prospective study of 2792 CS and CS-like patients, all of whom had comprehensive PTEN analysis. Analysis of PTEN and downstream proteins by immunoblotting was performed on total protein lysates from patient-derived lymphoblast lines. We compared blood PTEN protein levels between PTEN(mut+) patients and those with variants of unknown significance or wild-type PTEN (PTEN(wt/vus)). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We assessed the utility of PTEN protein levels in predicting germline PTEN mutations. RESULTS Of 2792 CS/CS-like patients, 721 patients had thyroid cancer; 582 of them (81%) had blood PTEN protein analyzed. PTEN germline pathogenic mutations were present in 27 of 582 patients (4.6%). Ninety-six percent (26 of 27) of PTEN(mut+) patients had blood PTEN protein levels in the lowest quartile as compared with 25% (139 of 555) of PTEN(wt/vus) patients (P < 0.001). Low blood PTEN levels predicted for PTEN(mut+) cases with a 99.76% negative predictive value (95% confidence interval = 98.67-99.96) and a positive test likelihood ratio of 3.84 (95% confidence interval = 3.27-4.52). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that low blood PTEN protein expression could serve as a screening molecular correlate to predict for germline PTEN mutation in CS and CS-like presentations of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ngeow
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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Drury SC, Detre S, Leary A, Salter J, Reis-Filho J, Barbashina V, Marchio C, Lopez-Knowles E, Ghazoui Z, Habben K, Arbogast S, Johnston S, Dowsett M. Changes in breast cancer biomarkers in the IGF1R/PI3K pathway in recurrent breast cancer after tamoxifen treatment. Endocr Relat Cancer 2011; 18:565-77. [PMID: 21734071 DOI: 10.1530/erc-10-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Development of resistance to the antioestrogen tamoxifen occurs in a large proportion of patients with oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer and is an important clinical challenge. While loss of ER occurs in c.20% of tamoxifen-resistant tumours, this cannot be the sole explanation for tamoxifen treatment failure. PI3K pathway activation, including by insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R), has been implicated in some resistance models. The primary aim was to determine whether evidence exists in clinical breast cancer for a role of IGF1R and/or the PI3K pathway, in acquisition of resistance to tamoxifen. Invasive primary and recurrent tamoxifen-resistant tumours from the same patient (n=77) were assessed for changes in ER, progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), IGF1R, stathmin, PTEN expression and PIK3CA mutations where possible. ER and PgR levels were significantly reduced at recurrence with 22 and 45%, respectively, showing negative status at this time. Acquisition of HER2 overexpression occurred in 6% of cases. IGF1R expression was significantly reduced in both ER+ and ER- recurrences and stathmin levels increased. A positive association between stathmin and IGF1R emerged in recurrent samples, despite their opposing relationships with ER, suggesting some coalescence of their activities may be acquired. The data confirm loss of ER and PgR and gain of HER2 in some tamoxifen-resistant tumours. There is no evidence for IGF1R gain in tamoxifen resistance; increases in stathmin levels suggest that activation of the PI3K pathway may have contributed, but PTEN loss and PIK3CA hotspot mutations were relatively rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Drury
- Translational Research, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK.
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Ohsaka Y, Yogosawa S, Nakanishi R, Sakai T, Nishino H. Polymorphisms in promoter sequences of the p15 ( INK4B ) and PTEN genes of normal Japanese individuals. Biochem Genet 2010; 48:970-86. [PMID: 20862607 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-010-9379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gene promoter regions of p15(INK4B), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a dual-function protein and lipid phosphatase, interact with regulatory factors for gene transcription and methylation. Normal individuals exhibit sequence polymorphisms in these regulatory genes. We isolated genomic DNA from whole blood of healthy Japanese individuals and sequenced promoter regions of the p15 ( INK4B ) and PTEN genes. We also examined the influence of polymorphisms on promoter activity in several cell lines. We identified polymorphisms at positions -699, -394, and -242 and an insertion at position -320 in the p15 ( INK4B ) gene and a polymorphism at position -1142 in the PTEN gene. Reporter gene analysis revealed that these polymorphisms influenced transcriptional regulation in their cell lines. Our results indicate for the first time that promoter sequences of the p15 ( INK4B ) and PTEN genes differ among normal Japanese individuals and that promoter polymorphisms can influence gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Ohsaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba, Japan.
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