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Chen K, Zhang C, Lin S, Yan X, Cai H, Yi C, Ma L, Chu X, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Han S, Zhao Q, Wu B. Tail engagement of arrestin at the glucagon receptor. Nature 2023; 620:904-910. [PMID: 37558880 PMCID: PMC10447241 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Arrestins have pivotal roles in regulating G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling by desensitizing G protein activation and mediating receptor internalization1,2. It has been proposed that the arrestin binds to the receptor in two different conformations, 'tail' and 'core', which were suggested to govern distinct processes of receptor signalling and trafficking3,4. However, little structural information is available for the tail engagement of the arrestins. Here we report two structures of the glucagon receptor (GCGR) bound to β-arrestin 1 (βarr1) in glucagon-bound and ligand-free states. These structures reveal a receptor tail-engaged binding mode of βarr1 with many unique features, to our knowledge, not previously observed. Helix VIII, instead of the receptor core, has a major role in accommodating βarr1 by forming extensive interactions with the central crest of βarr1. The tail-binding pose is further defined by a close proximity between the βarr1 C-edge and the receptor helical bundle, and stabilized by a phosphoinositide derivative that bridges βarr1 with helices I and VIII of GCGR. Lacking any contact with the arrestin, the receptor core is in an inactive state and loosely binds to glucagon. Further functional studies suggest that the tail conformation of GCGR-βarr governs βarr recruitment at the plasma membrane and endocytosis of GCGR, and provides a molecular basis for the receptor forming a super-complex simultaneously with G protein and βarr to promote sustained signalling within endosomes. These findings extend our knowledge about the arrestin-mediated modulation of GPCR functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuiying Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Limin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Zhu
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, China.
| | - Beili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Perry-Hauser NA, Hopkins JB, Zhuo Y, Zheng C, Perez I, Schultz KM, Vishnivetskiy SA, Kaya AI, Sharma P, Dalby KN, Chung KY, Klug CS, Gurevich VV, Iverson TM. The two non-visual arrestins engage ERK2 differently. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167465. [PMID: 35077767 PMCID: PMC8977243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arrestin binding to active phosphorylated G protein-coupled receptors terminates G protein coupling and initiates another wave of signaling. Among the effectors that bind directly to receptor-associated arrestins are extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), which promote cellular proliferation and survival. Arrestins may also engage ERK1/2 in isolation in a pre- or post-signaling complex that is likely in equilibrium with the full signal initiation complex. Molecular details of these binary complexes remain unknown. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanisms whereby arrestin-2 and arrestin-3 (a.k.a. β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2, respectively) engage ERK1/2 in pairwise interactions. We find that purified arrestin-3 binds ERK2 more avidly than arrestin-2. A combination of biophysical techniques and peptide array analysis demonstrates that the molecular basis in this difference of binding strength is that the two non-visual arrestins bind ERK2 via different parts of the molecule. We propose a structural model of the ERK2-arrestin-3 complex in solution using size-exclusion chromatography coupled to small angle X-ray scattering (SEC-SAXS). This binary complex exhibits conformational heterogeneity. We speculate that this drives the equilibrium either toward the full signaling complex with receptor-bound arrestin at the membrane or toward full dissociation in the cytoplasm. As ERK1/2 regulates cell migration, proliferation, and survival, understanding complexes that relate to its activation could be exploited to control cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Perry-Hauser
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States. https://twitter.com/EmilyBroadis
| | - Jesse B Hopkins
- BioCAT, Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, United States
| | - Ya Zhuo
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - Ivette Perez
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Kathryn M Schultz
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Sergey A Vishnivetskiy
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - Ali I Kaya
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ka Young Chung
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States
| | - Candice S Klug
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
| | - Vsevolod V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States.
| | - T M Iverson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States; Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, United States.
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3
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Pakharukova N, Masoudi A, Pani B, Staus DP, Lefkowitz RJ. Allosteric activation of proto-oncogene kinase Src by GPCR-beta-arrestin complexes. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16773-16784. [PMID: 32978252 PMCID: PMC7864071 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate signaling cascades via G-proteins and beta-arrestins (βarr). βarr-dependent actions begin with recruitment of βarr to the phosphorylated receptor tail and are followed by engagement with the receptor core. βarrs are known to act as adaptor proteins binding receptors and various effectors, but it is unclear whether in addition to the scaffolding role βarrs can allosterically activate their downstream targets. Here we demonstrate the direct allosteric activation of proto-oncogene kinase Src by GPCR-βarr complexes in vitro and establish the conformational basis of the activation. Whereas free βarr1 had no effect on Src activity, βarr1 in complex with M2 muscarinic or β2-adrenergic receptors reconstituted in lipid nanodiscs activate Src by reducing the lag phase in Src autophosphorylation. Interestingly, receptor-βarr1 complexes formed with a βarr1 mutant, in which the finger-loop, required to interact with the receptor core, has been deleted, fully retain the ability to activate Src. Similarly, βarr1 in complex with only a phosphorylated C-terminal tail of the vasopressin 2 receptor activates Src as efficiently as GPCR-βarr complexes. In contrast, βarr1 and chimeric M2 receptor with nonphosphorylated C-terminal tail failed to activate Src. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the phosphorylated GPCR tail interaction with βarr1 is necessary and sufficient to empower it to allosterically activate Src. Our findings may have implications for understanding more broadly the mechanisms of allosteric activation of downstream targets by βarrs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pakharukova
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ali Masoudi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Biswaranjan Pani
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dean P Staus
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert J Lefkowitz
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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4
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Liu Q, He QT, Lyu X, Yang F, Zhu ZL, Xiao P, Yang Z, Zhang F, Yang ZY, Wang XY, Sun P, Wang QW, Qu CX, Gong Z, Lin JY, Xu Z, Song SL, Huang SM, Guo SC, Han MJ, Zhu KK, Chen X, Kahsai AW, Xiao KH, Kong W, Li FH, Ruan K, Li ZJ, Yu X, Niu XG, Jin CW, Wang J, Sun JP. DeSiphering receptor core-induced and ligand-dependent conformational changes in arrestin via genetic encoded trimethylsilyl 1H-NMR probe. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4857. [PMID: 32978402 PMCID: PMC7519161 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the dynamic conformational changes in membrane protein signaling complexes by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy remains challenging. Here we report the site-specific incorporation of 4-trimethylsilyl phenylalanine (TMSiPhe) into proteins, through genetic code expansion. Crystallographic analysis revealed structural changes that reshaped the TMSiPhe-specific amino-acyl tRNA synthetase active site to selectively accommodate the trimethylsilyl (TMSi) group. The unique up-field 1H-NMR chemical shift and the highly efficient incorporation of TMSiPhe enabled the characterization of multiple conformational states of a phospho-β2 adrenergic receptor/β-arrestin-1(β-arr1) membrane protein signaling complex, using only 5 μM protein and 20 min of spectrum accumulation time. We further showed that extracellular ligands induced conformational changes located in the polar core or ERK interaction site of β-arr1 via direct receptor transmembrane core interactions. These observations provided direct delineation and key mechanism insights that multiple receptor ligands were able to induce distinct functionally relevant conformational changes of arrestin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qing-Tao He
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Lyu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhao-Ya Yang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30 Xiaohongshan Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Qian-Wen Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 30 Xiaohongshan Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Chang-Xiu Qu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jing-Yu Lin
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shao-le Song
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shen-Ming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Guo
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Jie Han
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqi Road, Airport Economic Zone, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Kong-Kai Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, 336 Nanxinzhuangxi Road, Shizhong District, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Alem W Kahsai
- Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Kun-Hong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Wei Kong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fa-Hui Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ke Ruan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, 443 Huangshan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Zi-Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Niu
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chang-Wen Jin
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiangyun Wang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang district, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Sciences and School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo college of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, 15 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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5
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Valdez-Lopez JC, Gulati S, Ortiz EA, Palczewski K, Robinson PR. Melanopsin Carboxy-terminus phosphorylation plasticity and bulk negative charge, not strict site specificity, achieves phototransduction deactivation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228121. [PMID: 32236094 PMCID: PMC7112210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanopsin is a visual pigment expressed in a small subset of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina known as intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) and is implicated in regulating non-image forming functions such as circadian photoentrainment and pupil constriction and contrast sensitivity in image formation. Mouse melanopsin's Carboxy-terminus (C-terminus) possesses 38 serine and threonine residues, which can potentially serve as phosphorylation sites for a G-protein Receptor Kinase (GRK) and be involved in the deactivation of signal transduction. Previous studies suggest that S388, T389, S391, S392, S394, S395 on the proximal region of the C-terminus of mouse melanopsin are necessary for melanopsin deactivation. We expressed a series of mouse melanopsin C-terminal mutants in HEK293 cells and using calcium imaging, and we found that the necessary cluster of six serine and threonine residues, while being critical, are insufficient for proper melanopsin deactivation. Interestingly, the additional six serine and threonine residues adjacent to the required six sites, in either proximal or distal direction, are capable of restoring wild-type deactivation of melanopsin. These findings suggest an element of plasticity in the molecular basis of melanopsin phosphorylation and deactivation. In addition, C-terminal chimeric mutants and molecular modeling studies support the idea that the initial steps of deactivation and β-arrestin binding are centered around these critical phosphorylation sites (S388-S395). The degree of functional versatility described in this study, along with ipRGC biophysical heterogeneity and the possible use of multiple signal transduction cascades, might contribute to the diverse ipRGC light responses for use in non-image and image forming behaviors, even though all six sub types of ipRGCs express the same melanopsin gene OPN4.
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MESH Headings
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Light Signal Transduction/physiology
- Models, Molecular
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Mutation
- Phosphorylation/physiology
- Protein Binding
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Rod Opsins/chemistry
- Rod Opsins/genetics
- Rod Opsins/metabolism
- Serine/genetics
- Serine/metabolism
- Threonine/genetics
- Threonine/metabolism
- beta-Arrestin 1/chemistry
- beta-Arrestin 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Valdez-Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sahil Gulati
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Gatan Inc, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Elelbin A. Ortiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Phyllis R. Robinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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6
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Huang W, Masureel M, Qu Q, Janetzko J, Inoue A, Kato HE, Robertson MJ, Nguyen KC, Glenn JS, Skiniotis G, Kobilka BK. Structure of the neurotensin receptor 1 in complex with β-arrestin 1. Nature 2020; 579:303-308. [PMID: 31945771 PMCID: PMC7100716 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Arrestin proteins bind to active, phosphorylated G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), thereby preventing G-protein coupling, triggering receptor internalization and affecting various downstream signalling pathways1,2. Although there is a wealth of structural information detailing the interactions between GPCRs and G proteins, less is known about how arrestins engage GPCRs. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of full-length human neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) in complex with truncated human β-arrestin 1 (βarr1(ΔCT)). We find that phosphorylation of NTSR1 is critical for the formation of a stable complex with βarr1(ΔCT), and identify phosphorylated sites in both the third intracellular loop and the C terminus that may promote this interaction. In addition, we observe a phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate molecule forming a bridge between the membrane side of NTSR1 transmembrane segments 1 and 4 and the C-lobe of arrestin. Compared with a structure of a rhodopsin-arrestin-1 complex, in our structure arrestin is rotated by approximately 85° relative to the receptor. These findings highlight both conserved aspects and plasticity among arrestin-receptor interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiao Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthieu Masureel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qianhui Qu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John Janetzko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideaki E Kato
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael J Robertson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Khanh C Nguyen
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Glenn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Georgios Skiniotis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Photon Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - Brian K Kobilka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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7
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Mayer D, Damberger FF, Samarasimhareddy M, Feldmueller M, Vuckovic Z, Flock T, Bauer B, Mutt E, Zosel F, Allain FHT, Standfuss J, Schertler GFX, Deupi X, Sommer ME, Hurevich M, Friedler A, Veprintsev DB. Distinct G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation motifs modulate arrestin affinity and activation and global conformation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1261. [PMID: 30890705 PMCID: PMC6424980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09204-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular functions of arrestins are determined in part by the pattern of phosphorylation on the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to which arrestins bind. Despite high-resolution structural data of arrestins bound to phosphorylated receptor C-termini, the functional role of each phosphorylation site remains obscure. Here, we employ a library of synthetic phosphopeptide analogues of the GPCR rhodopsin C-terminus and determine the ability of these peptides to bind and activate arrestins using a variety of biochemical and biophysical methods. We further characterize how these peptides modulate the conformation of arrestin-1 by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Our results indicate different functional classes of phosphorylation sites: 'key sites' required for arrestin binding and activation, an 'inhibitory site' that abrogates arrestin binding, and 'modulator sites' that influence the global conformation of arrestin. These functional motifs allow a better understanding of how different GPCR phosphorylation patterns might control how arrestin functions in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mayer
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, 92093-0636, California, USA.
| | | | | | - Miki Feldmueller
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ziva Vuckovic
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tilman Flock
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, CB3 0DG, UK
| | - Brian Bauer
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Eshita Mutt
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jörg Standfuss
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Gebhard F X Schertler
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Deupi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- Condensed Matter Theory, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martha E Sommer
- Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Mattan Hurevich
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Assaf Friedler
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dmitry B Veprintsev
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, NG7 2RD, UK.
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
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8
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Liu CH, Gong Z, Liang ZL, Liu ZX, Yang F, Sun YJ, Ma ML, Wang YJ, Ji CR, Wang YH, Wang MJ, Cui FA, Lin A, Zheng WS, He DF, Qu CX, Xiao P, Liu CY, Thomsen ARB, Joseph Cahill T, Kahsai AW, Yi F, Xiao KH, Xue T, Zhou Z, Yu X, Sun JP. Arrestin-biased AT1R agonism induces acute catecholamine secretion through TRPC3 coupling. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14335. [PMID: 28181498 PMCID: PMC5309860 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hormone secretion triggered by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activation underlies many fundamental physiological processes. GPCR signalling is negatively regulated by β-arrestins, adaptor molecules that also activate different intracellular signalling pathways. Here we reveal that TRV120027, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), stimulates acute catecholamine secretion through coupling with the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C 3 (TRPC3). We show that TRV120027 promotes the recruitment of TRPC3 or phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLCγ) to the AT1R-β-arrestin-1 signalling complex. Replacing the C-terminal region of β-arrestin-1 with its counterpart on β-arrestin-2 or using a specific TAT-P1 peptide to block the interaction between β-arrestin-1 and PLCγ abolishes TRV120027-induced TRPC3 activation. Taken together, our results show that the GPCR-arrestin complex initiates non-desensitized signalling at the plasma membrane by coupling with ion channels. This fast communication pathway might be a common mechanism of several cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Physiology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zong-Lai Liang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yu-Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ming-Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yi-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chao-Ran Ji
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yu-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mei-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fu-Ai Cui
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Amy Lin
- Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA
| | - Wen-Shuai Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dong-Fang He
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chang-xiu Qu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuan-Yong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | | | | | - Alem W. Kahsai
- Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kun-Hong Xiao
- Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Tian Xue
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics and Neurodegeneration, Ying-Jie Conference Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Zhan X, Stoy H, Kaoud TS, Perry NA, Chen Q, Perez A, Els-Heindl S, Slagis JV, Iverson TM, Beck-Sickinger AG, Gurevich EV, Dalby KN, Gurevich VV. Peptide mini-scaffold facilitates JNK3 activation in cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21025. [PMID: 26868142 PMCID: PMC4751492 DOI: 10.1038/srep21025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades are present in virtually all eukaryotic cells. MAPK cascades are organized by scaffold proteins, which assemble cognate kinases into productive signaling complexes. Arrestin-3 facilitates JNK activation in cells, and a short 25-residue arrestin-3 peptide was identified as the critical JNK3-binding element. Here we demonstrate that this peptide also binds MKK4, MKK7, and ASK1, which are upstream JNK3-activating kinases. This peptide is sufficient to enhance JNK3 activity in cells. A homologous arrestin-2 peptide, which differs only in four positions, binds MKK4, but not MKK7 or JNK3, and is ineffective in cells at enhancing activation of JNK3. The arrestin-3 peptide is the smallest MAPK scaffold known. This peptide or its mimics can regulate MAPKs, affecting cellular decisions to live or die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhi Zhan
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Henriette Stoy
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72074, Germany
| | - Tamer S. Kaoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Nicole A. Perry
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Qiuyan Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alejandro Perez
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sylvia Els-Heindl
- Universität Leipzig, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jack V. Slagis
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Tina M. Iverson
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Annette G. Beck-Sickinger
- Universität Leipzig, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eugenia V. Gurevich
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kevin N. Dalby
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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