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Köhler A, Yadav PK, Liedl R, Shil JB, Grischek T, Dietrich P. A data-driven approach for simplifying the estimation of time for contaminant plumes to reach their maximum extent. J Contam Hydrol 2024; 263:104336. [PMID: 38552336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Globally there exist a very large number of contaminated or possibly contaminated sites where a basic preliminary assessment has not been completed. This is largely, among others, due to limited simple methods/models available for estimating key site quantities such as the maximum plume length, further denoted as Lmax and the corresponding time T=TLmax, at which the plume reaches its maximum extent L=Lmax. An approach to easily obtain an estimate of TLmax in particular is presented in this work. Limited availability of high-quality field data, particularly of TLmax, necessitates the use of synthetic data, which constrains the overall model development works. Taking BIOSCREEN-AT (transient 3D model) as a base model, this work proposes second-order polynomial models, with only two parameters, for estimating Lmax and TLmax. This reformulation of the well established solution significantly reduces data requirement and workload for initial site assessment purposes. A global sensitivity analysis (Morris, 1991), using a large number of random synthetic data, identifies the first-order decay rate constants in the plume λEFF and at the source γ as dominantly most influential for TLmax. For Lmax, the first-order decay rate constant λEFF and groundwater velocity v are the two important parameters. The sensitivity analysis also identifies that these parameters non-linearly impact TLmax or Lmax. With this information, the proposed polynomial models (each for Lmax and TLmax) were trained to obtain model coefficients, using a large amount of synthetic data. For verification, the developed models were tested using four datasets comprising over 100 sample sets against the results obtained from BIOSCREEN-AT and the developed BIOSCREEN-AT-based steady-state model. Additionally, the developed models were evaluated against two well documented field sites. The proposed models largely simplify estimation, particularly, of TLmax, for which only very limited field or literature information is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Köhler
- Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Germany; Joswig Ingenieure GmbH (JIG), Germany
| | - P K Yadav
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Germany; Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden (HTWD), Germany.
| | - R Liedl
- Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Germany
| | - J B Shil
- Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Germany
| | - T Grischek
- Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden (HTWD), Germany
| | - P Dietrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Germany
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El-Ahmar M, Koch F, Köhler A, Moikow L, Ristig M, Ritz JP. Correction to: Laparoscopic rectal resection without epidural catheters-does it work? Int J Colorectal Dis 2024; 39:40. [PMID: 38519703 PMCID: PMC10959812 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-024-04612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M El-Ahmar
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany.
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
| | - F Koch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - A Köhler
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - L Moikow
- Department of Anesthesiology, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - M Ristig
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - J-P Ritz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
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Köhler A, Förster N, Zander M, Ulrichs C. Inter- and intraspecific diversity of Salix bark phenolic profiles - A resource for the pharmaceutical industry. Fitoterapia 2023; 170:105660. [PMID: 37648031 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to their content of phenolic compounds, willow bark preparations are used as an herbal remedy. The large diversity of phenolic secondary metabolites in Salix still provides a resource for the identification of bioactive compounds in particular species, including species not yet in focus from a phytopharmaceutical perspective. The present study describes the bark phenolic profile of 13 Salix species analyzed by HPLC-MS: Salix alba, Salix babylonica, Salix daphnoides, Salix fragilis, Salix hastata, Salix myrsinifolia, Salix pentandra, Salix purpurea, Salix repens (including subspecies S. repens ssp. arenaria and S. repens ssp. repens), Salix rosmarinifolia, Salix sachalinensis, Salix triandra and Salix viminalis. The analyzed profiles comprised the chemical groups of salicylates, flavonoids, procyanidins, phenolic acid derivatives, and some unclassified phenolics. Particular compounds were detected in species where they have not been previously reported. Apart from interspecific diversity, qualitative variability within species was observed as certain components were detected only in some of the analyzed genotypes. The knowledge on specific phenolic profiles of species and genotypes is the basis for the selection of suitable willow bark material with certain desired bioactive properties. Furthermore, the high inter- and intraspecific variability points out the necessity for product standardization of willow bark raw material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köhler
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Nadja Förster
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Matthias Zander
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, Berlin 14195, Germany.
| | - Christian Ulrichs
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, Berlin 14195, Germany.
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Costa AL, Mendes MF, Furlan-Lopes C, Bertazzo-Silva FA, Köhler A, Putzke J. First report of Zygothrica candens Burla, 1956 (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in mycophagic association with the mushroom Oudemansiella cubensis (Berk. and M.A. Curtis) R.H. Petersen, 2010 (Agaricales, Physalacriaceae) in southern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 82:e267871. [PMID: 36629545 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.267871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A L Costa
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Laboratório de Taxonomia de Fungos, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brasil
| | - M F Mendes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Departamento de Genética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - C Furlan-Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Laboratório de Taxonomia de Fungos, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brasil
| | - F A Bertazzo-Silva
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Laboratório de Taxonomia de Fungos, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brasil
| | - A Köhler
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Laboratório de Entomologia, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - J Putzke
- Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Laboratório de Taxonomia de Fungos, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, São Gabriel, RS, Brasil
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El-Ahmar M, Koch F, Köhler A, Moikow L, Ristig M, Ritz JP. Laparoscopic rectal resection without epidural catheters-does it work? Int J Colorectal Dis 2022; 37:2031-2040. [PMID: 36001167 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-022-04242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Placement of an epidural catheter (EC) in colorectal resections is still recommended as a valid measure to achieve a low level of pain. However, EC is associated with increased invasiveness and with an increased risk of bladder emptying disorders and a decrease in blood pressure, which all relate to delayed mobilization. Preliminary data shows that EC placement may not be necessary for laparoscopic colon resections. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate how the omission of EC placement influences short-term postoperative outcomes in laparoscopic rectal resections. METHODS All laparoscopic rectal resections occurring between 2013 and 2020 were prospectively examined. Resections from January 2013 to February 2018 (group A) were compared with resections from March 2018 to December 2020 (group B; after the internal change of the perioperative pain regime). In addition to EC placement, the other target parameters of our study were urinary catheter placement during the inpatient stay, postoperative pain > 3 days on a numerical rating scale (NRS), mobilization in the first 5 postoperative days, time until the first postoperative bowel movement, postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo, intermediate care unit stay (IMC stay) in days, and hospital length of stay in days. RESULTS In the entire study period, 221 laparoscopic rectal resections were performed: 122 in group A and 99 resections in group B. The frequency of EC placement and urinary catheter placement, postoperative IMC stay, and hospital length of stay was significantly lower in group B (p < 0.05). The postoperative mobilization of patients in group B was possible more quickly. There were no differences in the level of pain, time until the first postoperative bowel movement, and postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo. CONCLUSION Omission of EC placement in laparoscopic rectal resections led to faster mobilization, a shorter IMC stay, and a shorter hospital stay without increasing the pain level. Postoperative complications did not change when an EC was not placed. Therefore, routine EC placement in laparoscopic rectal resections is unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Ahmar
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany.
| | - F Koch
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - A Köhler
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - L Moikow
- Department of Anesthesiology, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - M Ristig
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
| | - J-P Ritz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Helios Kliniken Schwerin, 19055, Schwerin, Germany
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Niemeyer P, Hanus M, Belickas J, László T, Gudas R, Fiodorovas M, Cebatorius A, Pastucha M, Hoza P, Magos K, Izadpanah K, Paša L, Vásárhelyi G, Sisák K, Mohyla M, Farkas C, Kessler O, Kybal S, Spiro R, Köhler A, Kirner A, Trattnig S, Gaissmaier C. Treatment of Large Cartilage Defects in the Knee by Hydrogel-Based Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation: Two-Year Results of a Prospective, Multicenter, Single-Arm Phase III Trial. Cartilage 2022; 13:19476035221085146. [PMID: 35354310 PMCID: PMC9137299 DOI: 10.1177/19476035221085146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical outcome of a hydrogel-based autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for large articular cartilage defects in the knee joint. DESIGN Prospective, multicenter, single-arm, phase III clinical trial. ACI was performed in 100 patients with focal full-thickness cartilage defects ranging from 4 to 12 cm2 in size. The primary outcome measure was the responder rate at 2 years using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). RESULTS Two years after ACI treatment, 93% of patients were KOOS responders having improved by ≥10 points compared with their pre-operative level. The primary endpoint of the study was met and demonstrated that the KOOS response rate is markedly greater than 40% with a lower 95% CI (confidence interval) of 86.1, more than twice the pre-specified no-effect level. KOOS improvement (least squares mean) was 42.0 ± 1.8 points (95% CI between 38.4 and 45.7). Mean changes from baseline were significant in the overall KOOS and in all 5 KOOS subscores from Month 3 (first measurement) to Month 24 (inclusive) (P < 0.0001). The mean MOCART (Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue) score after 24 months reached 80.0 points (95% CI: 70.0-90.0 points) and 92.1 points in lesions ≤ 5 cm2. CONCLUSIONS Overall, hydrogel-based ACI proved to be a valuable treatment option for patients with large cartilage defects in the knee as demonstrated by early, statistically significant, and clinically meaningful improvement up to 2 years follow-up. Parallel to the clinical improvements, MRI analyses suggested increasing maturation, re-organization, and integration of the repair tissue. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03319797; EudraCT No.: 2016-002817-22.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Hanus
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J. Belickas
- Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - T. László
- Clinic of Traumatology, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Hetényi Géza Hospital, Szolnok, Hungary
| | - R. Gudas
- Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | | | - M. Pastucha
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hořovice Hospital, Hořovice, Czech Republic
| | - P. Hoza
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pardubice Hospital, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - K. Magos
- Kastélypark Clinic, Tata, Hungary
| | - K. Izadpanah
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - L. Paša
- Clinic of Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk Univerzity Brno and Úrazová Nemocnice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - G. Vásárhelyi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Uzsoki Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K. Sisák
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - M. Mohyla
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital in Ostrava, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - C. Farkas
- Department of Orthopaedics, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County Hospitals, University Teaching Hospital, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - O. Kessler
- Center for Orthopedics & Sports, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S. Kybal
- Orthopaedics Department of Hospital Benešov, Benešov, Czech Republic
| | - R. Spiro
- Aesculap Biologics, LLC, Breinigsville, PA, USA
| | - A. Köhler
- TETEC—Tissue Engineering Technologies AG, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - A. Kirner
- TETEC—Tissue Engineering Technologies AG, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - S. Trattnig
- The High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C. Gaissmaier
- TETEC—Tissue Engineering Technologies AG, Reutlingen, Germany,Christoph Gaissmaier, TETEC—Tissue Engineering Technologies AG, Aspenhaustr. 18, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany.
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Hannasch A, Laso Garcia A, LaBerge M, Zgadzaj R, Köhler A, Couperus Cabadağ JP, Zarini O, Kurz T, Ferrari A, Molodtsova M, Naumann L, Cowan TE, Schramm U, Irman A, Downer MC. Compact spectroscopy of keV to MeV X-rays from a laser wakefield accelerator. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14368. [PMID: 34257331 PMCID: PMC8277848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We reconstruct spectra of secondary X-rays from a tunable 250–350 MeV laser wakefield electron accelerator from single-shot X-ray depth-energy measurements in a compact (7.5 × 7.5 × 15 cm), modular X-ray calorimeter made of alternating layers of absorbing materials and imaging plates. X-rays range from few-keV betatron to few-MeV inverse Compton to > 100 MeV bremsstrahlung emission, and are characterized both individually and in mixtures. Geant4 simulations of energy deposition of single-energy X-rays in the stack generate an energy-vs-depth response matrix for a given stack configuration. An iterative reconstruction algorithm based on analytic models of betatron, inverse Compton and bremsstrahlung photon energy distributions then unfolds X-ray spectra, typically within a minute. We discuss uncertainties, limitations and extensions of both measurement and reconstruction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hannasch
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA
| | - A Laso Garcia
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M LaBerge
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA.,The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Zgadzaj
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA
| | - A Köhler
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - J P Couperus Cabadağ
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - O Zarini
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Kurz
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Ferrari
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Molodtsova
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Naumann
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - T E Cowan
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - U Schramm
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Irman
- The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiation Physics, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M C Downer
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1081, USA.
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Köhler A, Förster N, Zander M, Ulrichs C. Compound-specific responses of phenolic metabolites in the bark of drought-stressed Salix daphnoides and Salix purpurea. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 155:311-320. [PMID: 32798899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The bark of willows (Salix spp.) is rich in bioactive phenolic compounds from different compound classes and is therefore used as an herbal remedy. The accumulation of these secondary plant metabolites is influenced by environmental factors, including the availability of water. To analyze the influence of drought stress on the profile of phenolic metabolites in willow bark, a pot experiment with Salix daphnoides Vill. and Salix purpurea L. was conducted. Plants were subjected to three irrigation treatments for four and ten weeks: 65-75% field capacity (well-watered), 33-38% field capacity (moderate drought), and 17-22% field capacity (severe drought). Shoot biomass and proline content were assessed as drought-sensitive traits. Contents of phenolic compounds were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Drought stress reduced shoot biomass and led to an increase of the bark proline content. The particular effects on phenolics depended on the individual compound, Salix species and drought stress duration. Whereas salicylates were not affected, some flavonoids and phenolic acid derivatives, as well as salireposide indicated treatment effects. The effects comprised decreasing as well as increasing contents. However, beyond the impact of drought stress, the observed responses are assumed to be superimposed by seasonal changes in the content of phenolics. Regarding the yield of willow shoots, the impairment of growth under water shortage seems to be more decisive than drought-induced changes of the bark metabolite content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köhler
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nadja Förster
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthias Zander
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Ulrichs
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Lentzeallee 55/57, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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Link H, Illerhaus G, Martens UM, Salar A, Depenbusch R, Köhler A, Engelhardt M, Mahlmann S, Zaiss M, Lammerich A, Bias P, Buchner A. Efficacy and safety of lipegfilgrastim versus pegfilgrastim in elderly patients with aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL): results of the randomized, open-label, non-inferiority AVOID neutropenia study. Support Care Cancer 2020; 29:2519-2527. [PMID: 32944800 PMCID: PMC7981320 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Lipegfilgrastim has been shown to be non-inferior to pegfilgrastim for reduction of the duration of severe neutropenia (DSN) in breast cancer patients. This open-label, non-inferiority study assessed the efficacy and safety of lipegfilgrastim versus pegfilgrastim in elderly patients with aggressive B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) at high risk for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Patient and methods One hundred and one patients (median age, 75 years) were randomized to lipegfilgrastim or pegfilgrastim (6 mg/cycle) during six cycles of R-CHOP21. Results Lipegfilgrastim was non-inferior to pegfilgrastim for the primary efficacy endpoint, reduction of DSN in cycle 1. In the per-protocol population, mean (standard deviation) DSN was 0.8 (0.92) and 0.9 (1.11) days in the two groups, respectively; the adjusted mean difference between groups was − 0.3 days (95% confidence interval, − 0.70 to 0.19). Non-inferiority was also demonstrated in the intent-to-treat population. The incidence of severe neutropenia in cycle 1 was 51% (21/41) in the lipegfilgrastim group and 52% (23/44) in the pegfilgrastim group. Very severe neutropenia (ANC < 0.1 × 109/L) in cycle 1 was reported by 5 (12%) patients in the lipegfilgrastim group and 8 (18%) patients in the pegfilgrastim group. However, over all cycles, febrile neutropenia (strict definition) was reported by only 1 (2%) patient in each treatment group (during cycle 1 in the lipegfilgrastim group and cycle 6 in the pegfilgrastim group). The mean time to absolute neutrophil count recovery (defined as ≥ 2.0 × 109/L) was 8.3 and 9.4 days in the two groups, respectively. Serious adverse events occurred in 46% of patients in each group; none were considered treatment-related. Eight patients died during the study (2 in the lipegfilgrastim group, 5 in the pegfilgrastim group, and 1 who died before starting study treatment). No deaths occurred during the treatment period, and all were considered to be related to the underlying disease. Conclusions This study shows lipegfilgrastim to be non-inferior to pegfilgrastim for the reduction of DSN in elderly patients with aggressive B cell NHL receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy, with a comparable safety profile. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02044276; EudraCT number 2013-001284-23 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00520-020-05711-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Link
- Private Practice Hematology Medical Oncology, Finkenhain 8, 67661, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - G Illerhaus
- Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Clinic, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - U M Martens
- Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Clinic, SLK-Clinics, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - A Salar
- Hospital del Mar Paseo Marítimo, Hematology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Depenbusch
- Oncology Practice, Gütersloh, Gütersloh, Germany
| | - A Köhler
- Hematology and Oncology Collective Practice, Asklepios Clinic Specialist Medical Centre Langen, Langen, Germany
| | - M Engelhardt
- Internal Medicine Clinic I, Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Clinic, Faculty of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Mahlmann
- Hematology/Oncology and Nephrology Clinic, Friedrich-Ebert-Hospital Neumünster, Neumünster, Germany
| | - M Zaiss
- Interdiscliplinary Practice for Oncology and Hematology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Lammerich
- Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Bias
- Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Buchner
- Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries, Ulm, Germany
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Uhlig J, Potenberg J, Semsek D, Stübs P, Fichter C, Köhler A, Müller L, Reiser M, Siebenbach H, Göhler T, Jacobasch L, Kächele V, Timm B, Potthoff K, Marschner N. 457P 1st-line panitumumab plus FOLFIRI or FOLFOX for patients with RAS wildtype metastatic colorectal cancer in Germany: Interim results of the non-interventional study VALIDATE. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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11
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Lumpkin AH, LaBerge M, Rule DW, Zgadzaj R, Hannasch A, Zarini O, Bowers B, Irman A, Couperus Cabadağ JP, Debus A, Köhler A, Schramm U, Downer MC. Coherent Optical Signatures of Electron Microbunching in Laser-Driven Plasma Accelerators. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:014801. [PMID: 32678646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.014801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report observations of coherent optical transition radiation interferometry (COTRI) patterns generated by microbunched ∼200-MeV electrons as they emerge from a laser-driven plasma accelerator. The divergence of the microbunched portion of electrons, deduced by comparison to a COTRI model, is ∼9× smaller than the ∼3 mrad ensemble beam divergence, while the radius of the microbunched beam, obtained from COTR images on the same shot, is <3 μm. The combined results show that the microbunched distribution has estimated transverse normalized emittance ∼0.4 mm mrad.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Lumpkin
- Accelerator Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M LaBerge
- Physics Department, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - D W Rule
- Silver Spring, Maryland 20904, USA
| | - R Zgadzaj
- Physics Department, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - A Hannasch
- Physics Department, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - O Zarini
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - B Bowers
- Physics Department, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - A Irman
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - J P Couperus Cabadağ
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Debus
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Köhler
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - U Schramm
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - M C Downer
- Physics Department, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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12
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Pezzini C, Köhler A. First record of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) from Brazil and description of the female of Conostigmus binasutus Dessart & Cancemi, 1986. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 80:373-376. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.210780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) is reported for the first time from Brazil. Here, we provide a diagnosis of Conostigmus binasutus Dessart & Cancemi, 1986 and the description and illustration of the female, previously unknown. The analyzed material was collected utilizing Malaise traps, in Manaus, Amazon, Brazil and deposited at the Invertebrate collection of INPA (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia) of Manaus. A identification key and distribution map to the Neotropical species of Conostigmus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Pezzini
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Brasil
| | - A. Köhler
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Brasil
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13
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Bruno P, Machado RAR, Glauser G, Köhler A, Campos-Herrera R, Bernal J, Toepfer S, Erb M, Robert CAM, Arce CCM, Turlings TCJ. Entomopathogenic nematodes from Mexico that can overcome the resistance mechanisms of the western corn rootworm. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8257. [PMID: 32427834 PMCID: PMC7237494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural enemies of herbivores are expected to adapt to the defence strategies of their preys or hosts. Such adaptations may also include their capacity to cope with plant metabolites that herbivores sequester as a defence. In this study, we evaluated the ability of Mexican entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) to resist benzoxazinoids that are sequestered from maize roots by the western corn rootworm (WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an important maize pest in America and Europe. From maize fields throughout Mexico, we retrieved 40 EPN isolates belonging to five different species, with a majority identified as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. In the laboratory, all nematodes readily infected non-sequestering larvae of the banded cucumber beetle (D. balteata), while infectivity varied strongly for WCR larvae. While some H. bacteriophora isolates seemed negatively affected by benzoxazinoids, most showed to be resistant. Thus, EPN from Mexican maize fields can cope with these plant defence metabolites, but the results also indicate that WCR larvae possess other mechanisms that help to resist EPN. This work contributes to a better understanding of the capacity of herbivore natural enemies to resist plant defence metabolites. Furthermore, it identifies several benzoxazinoid-resistant EPN isolates that may be used to control this important maize pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Bruno
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Angela Köhler
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Raquel Campos-Herrera
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Julio Bernal
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - Stefan Toepfer
- CABI, c/o Plant Protection and Soil Conservation Directorate, Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Carla C M Arce
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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14
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Bender E, Jahnke SM, Köhler A. Chemotaxic Responses of Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to Odors of Larvae, Pupae, and the Diet of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae). Neotrop Entomol 2020; 49:171-178. [PMID: 31820338 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-019-00742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many hymenopteran parasitoids are known as biocontrol agents, such as Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), which is known to parasitize larvae and pupae of coleopteran pests including Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Ptinidae). The success of these parasitoids is related to their searching ability, which is mediated through chemical stimuli of the habitat, food, and the progeny of the host itself. This study aimed to assess the chemotaxic responses of A. calandrae comparing the reproductive state of the insects and the experience of wasp females, to different development stages (larvae and pupae) and the presence or absence of the host diet. The chemotaxic responses of A. calandrae individuals at 2 to 4 days old were assessed in a "Y" type olfactometer. Virgin and paired females (without and with previous experience of parasitism) were exposed to larvae of last instar contrasted with pupae and to the diet of L. serricorne. Both virgin and mated males were tested only for diet. Virgin females showed a preference for the diet in contrast to the larvae and to the pupae in contrast to the diet. Paired females without experience choose larvae over diet and made no distinction between pupae and diet. Experienced mated females showed preference for the host to which it had access before, instead of any other alternative option, indicating that there may be changes in the preference through learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bender
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal Univ of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000, Brasil.
- Lab of Biological Control of Insects, Phytosanitary Dept, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal Univ of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
- Lab of Entomology, Biology and Pharmacy Dept, Santa Cruz do Sul Univ (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
| | - S M Jahnke
- Postgraduate Program in Plant Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal Univ of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000, Brasil
- Lab of Biological Control of Insects, Phytosanitary Dept, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal Univ of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - A Köhler
- Lab of Entomology, Biology and Pharmacy Dept, Santa Cruz do Sul Univ (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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15
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Raakow J, Aydin M, Kilian M, Köhler A, Werner S, Pratschke J, Fikatas P. [Elective treatment of inguinal hernia in university surgery-an economic challenge]. Chirurg 2020; 90:1011-1018. [PMID: 31359111 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-019-1008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Elective and emergency inguinal hernia surgery is a central task for general and abdominal surgeons. As a standard procedure it is regarded as having a relatively low income in the German diagnosis-related groups (DRG) system. This can lead to an economic imbalance, especially in a cost-intensive environment of a university hospital. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the influence of clinical factors on costs and the contribution margin as well as the overall economic evaluation of elective inguinal hernia surgery at a university hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS All patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia surgery at two locations of the Charité University Medicine Berlin in 2014 and 2015 were included in the analysis. The influence of clinical, patient and surgical factors on the economic outcome of the cases was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 419 patients were included, mostly after a Lichtenstein operation (44.9%) and laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) surgery (53.9%). The greatest impact on the economic outcome was the occurrence of postoperative complications. Also, a patient clinical complexity level (PCCL) value of >1, more than 8 encoded secondary diagnoses and a duration of hospital stay of less than 2 days had a significantly negative impact on the contribution margin. Overall, elective inguinal hernia surgery led to a negative contribution margin of € 651 per case. CONCLUSION Elective inguinal hernia surgery in the environment of a university hospital has a high financial deficit; however, since a complete discontinuation of this treatment is not an alternative multifactorial approaches are required to improve the economic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Raakow
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Campus Virchow, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - M Aydin
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Campus Virchow, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Kilian
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Campus Virchow, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.,Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Evangelische Elisabeth Klinik, Lützowstr. 26, 10785, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Köhler
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Campus Virchow, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - S Werner
- Geschäftsbereich Unternehmenscontrolling, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Pratschke
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Campus Virchow, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - P Fikatas
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gliedkörperschaft der Freien Universität Berlin und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Campus Virchow, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
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16
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Wondraczek L, Pohnert G, Schacher FH, Köhler A, Gottschaldt M, Schubert US, Küsel K, Brakhage AA. Artificial Microbial Arenas: Materials for Observing and Manipulating Microbial Consortia. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1900284. [PMID: 30993782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
From the smallest ecological niche to global scale, communities of microbial life present a major factor in system regulation and stability. As long as laboratory studies remain restricted to single or few species assemblies, however, very little is known about the interaction patterns and exogenous factors controlling the dynamics of natural microbial communities. In combination with microfluidic technologies, progress in the manufacture of functional and stimuli-responsive materials makes artificial microbial arenas accessible. As habitats for natural or multispecies synthetic consortia, they are expected to not only enable detailed investigations, but also the training and the directed evolution of microbial communities in states of balance and disturbance, or under the effects of modulated stimuli and spontaneous response triggers. Here, a perspective on how materials research will play an essential role in generating answers to the most pertinent questions of microbial engineering is presented, and the concept of adaptive microbial arenas and possibilities for their construction from particulate microniches to 3D habitats is introduced. Materials as active and tunable components at the interface of living and nonliving matter offer exciting opportunities in this field. Beyond forming the physical horizon for microbial cultivates, they will enable dedicated intervention, training, and observation of microbial consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Wondraczek
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstrasse 6, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Angela Köhler
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5E, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
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Köhler A, Beyer J, Dargel S, Schleußner E. Fulminante Wundinfektion nach notfallmäßiger Sectio caesarea. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Köhler
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - J Beyer
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - S Dargel
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin Universitätsklinikum Jena
| | - E Schleußner
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin Universitätsklinikum Jena
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18
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Wuerstlein R, Kates R, Gluz O, Grischke EM, Schem C, Thill M, Hasmueller S, Köhler A, Otremba B, Griesinger F, Schindlbeck C, Trojan A, Otto F, Knauer M, Pusch R, Harbeck N. Strong impact of MammaPrint and BluePrint on treatment decisions in luminal early breast cancer: results of the WSG-PRIMe study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 175:389-399. [PMID: 30796651 PMCID: PMC6533223 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-05075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The WSG-PRIMe Study prospectively evaluated the impact of the 70-gene signature MammaPrint® (MP) and the 80-gene molecular subtyping assay BluePrint® on clinical therapy decisions in luminal early breast cancer. METHODS 452 hormone receptor (HR)-positive and HER2-negative patients were recruited (N0, N1). Physicians provided initial therapy recommendations based on clinicopathological factors. After prospective risk classification by MammaPrint/BluePrint was revealed, post-test treatment recommendations and actual treatment were recorded. Decisional Conflict and anxiety were measured by questionnaires. RESULTS Post-test switch (in chemotherapy (CT) recommendation) occurred in 29.1% of cases. Overall, physician adherence to MP risk assessment was 92.3% for low-risk and 94.3% for high-risk MP scores. Adherence was remarkably high in "discordant" groups: 74.7% of physicians initially recommending CT switched to CT omission following low-risk MP scores; conversely, 88.9% of physicians initially recommending CT omission switched to CT recommendations following high-risk MP scores. Most patients (99.2%) recommended to forgo CT post-test and 21.3% of patients with post-test CT recommendations did not undergo CT; among MP low-risk patients with pre-test and post-test CT recommendations, 40% did not actually undergo CT. Luminal subtype assessment by BluePrint was discordant with IHC assessment in 34% of patients. Patients' State Anxiety scores improved significantly overall, particularly in MP low-risk patients. Trait Anxiety scores increased slightly in MP high risk and decreased slightly in MP low-risk patients. CONCLUSIONS MammaPrint and BluePrint test results strongly impacted physicians' therapy decisions in luminal EBC with up to three involved lymph nodes. The high adherence to genetically determined risk assessment represents a key prerequisite for achieving a personalized cost-effective approach to disease management of early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wuerstlein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Center, University of Munich (LMU), CCC Munich, Munich, Germany. .,West German Study Group GmbH, Moenchengladbach, Germany.
| | - R Kates
- West German Study Group GmbH, Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - O Gluz
- West German Study Group GmbH, Moenchengladbach, Germany.,Brustzentrum Niederrhein, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bethesda, Mönchengladbach, Germany.,University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E M Grischke
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - C Schem
- Universitätsklinikum Kiel, Frauenklinik, Kiel, Germany
| | - M Thill
- Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - A Köhler
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Langen, Germany
| | - B Otremba
- Onkologische Praxis Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - F Griesinger
- Klinikzentrum für Hämatologie und Onkologie, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - C Schindlbeck
- Klinikum Traunstein, Frauenklinik, Traunstein, Germany
| | - A Trojan
- Brust-Zentrum Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F Otto
- Tumor-und Brustzentrum ZeTuP and Brustzentrum Stephanshorn, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - M Knauer
- Breast Center Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - R Pusch
- Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - N Harbeck
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Breast Center, University of Munich (LMU), CCC Munich, Munich, Germany.,West German Study Group GmbH, Moenchengladbach, Germany
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19
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Machado RAR, Bruno P, Arce CCM, Liechti N, Köhler A, Bernal J, Bruggmann R, Turlings TCJ. Photorhabdus khanii subsp. guanajuatensis subsp. nov., isolated from Heterorhabditis atacamensis, and Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. mexicana subsp. nov., isolated from Heterorhabditis mexicana entomopathogenic nematodes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:652-661. [PMID: 30688647 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria, MEX20-17T and MEX47-22T, were isolated from the digestive system of Heterorhabditis atacamensis and Heterorhabditis mexicana entomopathogenic nematodes, respectively. Their 16S rRNA gene sequences suggest that strains MEX20-17T and MEX47-22T belong to the γ-Proteobacteria and to the genus Photorhabdus. Deeper analyses using housekeeping-gene-based and whole-genome-based phylogenetic reconstruction suggest that MEX20-17T is closely related to Photorhabdus khanii and that MEX47-22T is closely related to Photorhabdus luminescens. Sequence similarity scores confirm these observations: MEX20-17T and P. khanii DSM 3369T share 98.9 % nucleotide sequence identity (NSI) of concatenated housekeeping genes, 70.4 % in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (isDDH) and 97 % orthologous average nucleotide identity (orthoANI); and MEX47-22T and P. luminescens ATCC 29999T share 98.9 % NSI, 70.6 % isDDH and 97 % orthoANI. Physiological characterization indicates that both strains differ from all validly described Photorhabdus species and from their more closely related taxa. We therefore propose to classify MEX20-17T and MEXT47-22T as new subspecies within P. khanii and P. luminescens, respectively. Hence, the following names are proposed for these strains: Photorhabdus khanii subsp. guanajuatensis subsp. nov. with the type strain MEX20-17T (=LMG 30372T=CCOS 1191T) and Photorhabdus luminescenssubsp. mexicana subsp. nov. with the type strain MEX47-22T (=LMG 30528T=CCOS 1199T). These propositions automatically create Photorhabdus khanii subsp. khanii subsp. nov. with DSM 3369T as the type strain (currently classified as P. khanii), and Photorhabdus luminescenssubsp. luminescenssubsp. nov. with ATCC 29999T as the type strain (currently classified as P. luminescens).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Bruno
- 2Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Carla C M Arce
- 2Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Liechti
- 3Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Angela Köhler
- 2Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- 4Leibniz-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie, Jena, Germany
| | - Julio Bernal
- 5Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- 2Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- 2Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Naumann G, Schröder S, Köhler A, Grosch A. Positive effects of vaginal bilateral hysteropexy with Splentis-tape on prolapse symptoms and quality of life in women with severe pelvic organ prolapse. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Naumann
- Helios-Klinikum Erfurt, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - S Schröder
- Helios-Klinikum Erfurt, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - A Köhler
- Helios-Klinikum Erfurt, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Erfurt, Deutschland
| | - A Grosch
- Helios-Klinikum Erfurt, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Erfurt, Deutschland
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21
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Köhler A, Eyssel J, Nieder T. Von universellen Behandlungsdogmen und der Notwendigkeit einer individuellen Versorgung – Befürchtungen und Ansprüche an die medizinische Versorgung im Kontext von Trans*/Transsexualität. Psychother Psych Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Köhler
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Sexualforschung und Forensische Psychiatrie, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - J Eyssel
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Sexualforschung und Forensische Psychiatrie, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - T Nieder
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut für Sexualforschung und Forensische Psychiatrie, Hamburg, Deutschland
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22
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Köhler A, King R, Bahls M, Groß S, Steveling A, Gärtner S, Schipf S, Gläser S, Völzke H, Felix SB, Markus MRP, Dörr M. Cardiopulmonary fitness is strongly associated with body cell mass and fat-free mass: The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1628-1635. [PMID: 29345858 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) is commonly indexed by total body weight (TBW) to determine cardiopulmonary fitness (CPF). This approach may lead to misinterpretation, particularly in obese subjects. We investigated the normalization of VO2peak by different body composition markers. We analyzed combined data of 3848 subjects (1914 women; 49.7%), aged 20-90, from two independent cohorts of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-2 and SHIP-TREND). VO2peak was assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Body cell mass (BCM), fat-free mass (FFM), and fat mass (FM) were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. The suitability of the different markers as a normalization variable was evaluated by taking into account correlation coefficients (r) and intercept (α-coefficient) values from linear regression models. A combination of high r and low α values was considered as preferable for normalization purposes. BCM was the best normalization variable for VO2peak (r = .72; P ≤ .001; α-coefficient = 63.3 mL/min; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.48-123) followed by FFM (r = .63; P ≤ .001; α-coefficient = 19.6 mL/min; 95% CI: -57.9-97.0). On the other hand, a much weaker correlation and a markedly higher intercept were found for TBW (r = .42; P ≤ .001; α-coefficient = 579 mL/min; 95% CI: 483 to 675). Likewise, FM was also identified as a poor normalization variable (r = .10; P ≤ .001; α-coefficient = 2133; 95% CI: 2074-2191). Sex-stratified analyses confirmed the above order for the different normalization variables. Our results suggest that BCM, followed by FFM, might be the most appropriate marker for the normalization of VO2peak when comparing CPF between subjects with different body shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Köhler
- University Sports, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
| | - R King
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Bahls
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Groß
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - A Steveling
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Gärtner
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Schipf
- Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Gläser
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pulmonary Diseases, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Völzke
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S B Felix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M R P Markus
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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23
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Wilma K, Unger T, Tuncel Kostakoğlu S, Hollfelder M, Hunger C, Lang A, Gürek AG, Thelakkat M, Köhler J, Köhler A, Gekle S, Hildner R. Excited state dynamics and conformations of a Cu(ii)-phthalocyanine-perylenebisimide dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:22169-22176. [PMID: 28795737 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the excited state dynamics and the conformations of a new molecular donor-bridge-acceptor system, a Cu(ii)-phthalocyanine (CuPc) covalently linked via a flexible aliphatic spacer to a perylenebisimide (PBI). We performed time-resolved polarization anisotropy and pump-probe measurements in combination with molecular dynamics simulations. Our data suggest the existence of three conformations of the dyad: two more extended, metastable conformations with centre-of-mass distances >1 nm between the PBI and CuPc units of the dyad, and a highly stable folded structure, in which the PBI and CuPc units are stacked on top of each other with a centre-of-mass distance of 0.4 nm. In the extended conformations the dyad shows emission predominantly from the PBI unit with a very weak contribution from the CuPc unit. In contrast, for the folded conformation the PBI emission of the dyad is strongly quenched due to fast energy transfer from the PBI to the CuPc unit (3 ps) and subsequent intersystem-crossing (300 fs) from the first excited singlet state of CuPc unit into its triplet state. Finally, the CuPc triplet state is deactivated non-radiatively with a time constant of 25 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wilma
- Experimentalphysik IV, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95440, Germany.
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Couperus JP, Pausch R, Köhler A, Zarini O, Krämer JM, Garten M, Huebl A, Gebhardt R, Helbig U, Bock S, Zeil K, Debus A, Bussmann M, Schramm U, Irman A. Demonstration of a beam loaded nanocoulomb-class laser wakefield accelerator. Nat Commun 2017; 8:487. [PMID: 28887456 PMCID: PMC5591198 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Laser-plasma wakefield accelerators have seen tremendous progress, now capable of producing quasi-monoenergetic electron beams in the GeV energy range with few-femtoseconds bunch duration. Scaling these accelerators to the nanocoulomb range would yield hundreds of kiloamperes peak current and stimulate the next generation of radiation sources covering high-field THz, high-brightness X-ray and γ-ray sources, compact free-electron lasers and laboratory-size beam-driven plasma accelerators. However, accelerators generating such currents operate in the beam loading regime where the accelerating field is strongly modified by the self-fields of the injected bunch, potentially deteriorating key beam parameters. Here we demonstrate that, if appropriately controlled, the beam loading effect can be employed to improve the accelerator's performance. Self-truncated ionization injection enables loading of unprecedented charges of ∼0.5 nC within a mono-energetic peak. As the energy balance is reached, we show that the accelerator operates at the theoretically predicted optimal loading condition and the final energy spread is minimized.Higher beam quality and stability are desired in laser-plasma accelerators for their applications in compact light sources. Here the authors demonstrate in laser plasma wakefield electron acceleration that the beam loading effect can be employed to improve beam quality by controlling the beam charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Couperus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
| | - R Pausch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Köhler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - O Zarini
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - J M Krämer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Garten
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Huebl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Gebhardt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - U Helbig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Bock
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - K Zeil
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Debus
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Bussmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - U Schramm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Irman
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.
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25
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Desurmont GA, Köhler A, Maag D, Laplanche D, Xu H, Baumann J, Demairé C, Devenoges D, Glavan M, Mann L, Turlings TCJ. The spitting image of plant defenses: Effects of plant secondary chemistry on the efficacy of caterpillar regurgitant as an anti-predator defense. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:6304-6313. [PMID: 28861234 PMCID: PMC5574803 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the arms race between plants, herbivores, and their natural enemies, specialized herbivores may use plant defenses for their own benefit, and variation in plant traits may affect the benefits that herbivores derive from these defenses. Pieris brassicae is a specialist herbivore of plants containing glucosinolates, a specific class of defensive secondary metabolites. Caterpillars of P. brassicae are known to actively spit on attacking natural enemies, including their main parasitoid, the braconid wasp Cotesia glomerata. Here, we tested the hypothesis that variation in the secondary metabolites of host plants affects the efficacy of caterpillar regurgitant as an anti‐predator defense. Using a total of 10 host plants with different glucosinolate profiles, we first studied natural regurgitation events of caterpillars on parasitoids. We then studied manual applications of water or regurgitant on parasitoids during parasitization events. Results from natural regurgitation events revealed that parasitoids spent more time grooming after attack when foraging on radish and nasturtium than on Brassica spp., and when the regurgitant came in contact with the wings rather than any other body part. Results from manual applications of regurgitant showed that all parameters of parasitoid behavior (initial attack duration, attack interruption, grooming time, and likelihood of a second attack) were more affected when regurgitant was applied rather than water. The proportion of parasitoids re‐attacking a caterpillar within 15 min was the lowest when regurgitant originated from radish‐fed caterpillars. However, we found no correlation between glucosinolate content and regurgitant effects, and parasitoid behavior was equally affected when regurgitant originated from a glucosinolate‐deficient Arabidopsis thaliana mutant line. In conclusion, host plant affects to a certain extent the efficacy of spit from P. brassicae caterpillars as a defense against parasitoids, but this is not due to glucosinolate content. The nature of the defensive compounds present in the spit remains to be determined, and the ecological relevance of this anti‐predator defense needs to be further evaluated in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Köhler
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Daniel Maag
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Diane Laplanche
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Hao Xu
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Julien Baumann
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Camille Demairé
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | | | - Mara Glavan
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Leslie Mann
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- Institute of Biology University of Neuchâtel Neuchâtel Switzerland
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26
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Schramm U, Bussmann M, Irman A, Siebold M, Zeil K, Albach D, Bernert C, Bock S, Brack F, Branco J, Couperus JP, Cowan TE, Debus A, Eisenmann C, Garten M, Gebhardt R, Grams S, Helbig U, Huebl A, Kluge T, Köhler A, Krämer JM, Kraft S, Kroll F, Kuntzsch M, Lehnert U, Loeser M, Metzkes J, Michel P, Obst L, Pausch R, Rehwald M, Sauerbrey R, Schlenvoigt HP, Steiniger K, Zarini O. First results with the novel petawatt laser acceleration facility in Dresden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/874/1/012028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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27
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Köhler A, Danken HH, Dietel E. Kurze Mitteilungen. Zum Einfluß der Substratoberfläche auf den Phasenübergang isotrop-nematisch flüssig-kristalliner Substanzen. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-1976-257118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Ommer A, Herold A, Berg E, Farke S, Fürst A, Hetzer F, Köhler A, Post S, Ruppert R, Sailer M, Schiedeck T, Schwandner O, Strittmatter B, Lenhard BH, Bader W, Krege S, Krammer H, Stange E. S3-Leitlinie: Kryptoglanduläre Analfisteln. coloproctology 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00053-016-0110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Maag D, Köhler A, Robert CAM, Frey M, Wolfender JL, Turlings TCJ, Glauser G, Erb M. Highly localized and persistent induction of Bx1-dependent herbivore resistance factors in maize. Plant J 2016; 88:976-991. [PMID: 27538820 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The induced production of secondary metabolites in herbivore-attacked plants varies in space and time. However, the consequences of these spatiotemporal patterns for herbivore performance are not well understood. This is particularly true for 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones (BXs), the major induced defensive metabolites of maize. Here we report on the spatiotemporal dynamics of BX induction and its consequences for the leaf feeder Spodoptera littoralis. Defence-related phytohormones and transcript levels of BX biosynthetic genes were upregulated locally at the wound site within 12 h of herbivory. Within another 12 h, the insecticidal BX HDMBOA-Glc started to accumulate in a highly localized manner at the feeding site. Changes in BX metabolism away from the feeding site within the same leaf were much weaker and were undetected in systemic leaves. Following the removal of the caterpillars, local HDMBOA-Glc levels remained elevated for 7 days. Caterpillars that were forced to feed directly on locally induced leaf parts, but not on adjacent leaf parts, suffered from reduced growth. This effect was abolished in the BX-deficient bx1 mutant. We did not find any evidence that BXs regulate defensive phytohormones or their own accumulation. In summary, this study shows that induced herbivore resistance in maize is highly localized and dependent on BXs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maag
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Bioactive Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Angela Köhler
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Christelle A M Robert
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monika Frey
- Lehrstuhl für Genetik, Technische Universität München, Am Hochanger 8, 85350, München, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Bioactive Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
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30
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Lemes JRA, Köhler A. First record of Scobina poeciloides (Ashmead, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Argidae) for Brazil and update of geographical distribution of three species of Scobina Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 for the State of Rio Grande do Sul. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:566-568. [PMID: 27683815 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.19415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It is recorded for the first time in the state of Rio Grande do Sul the occurrence of Scobina melanocephala (Lepeletier, 1823), Scobina thoracica (Jorgensen, 1913) and Scobina poeciloides (Ashmead, 1895), being this last the first record for Brazil. Scobina melanopyga (Klug, 1834) and Scobina torquata (Konow, 1903) were also found in the study. The analyzed material was collected utilizing Malaise traps in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) fields and is deposited at the Entomological Collection of Santa Cruz do Sul.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R A Lemes
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, CEP 91509-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - A Köhler
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Biologia e Farmácia, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul - UNISC, Avenida Independência, 2293, CEP 96815-900, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
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31
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Langelotz C, Koplin G, Pascher A, Lohmann R, Köhler A, Pratschke J, Haase O. Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit im Arbeitszeitmodell: Längsschnittstudie zu Praxistauglichkeit und Gesetzeskonformität in einer chirurgischen Klinik der Maximalversorgung. Zentralbl Chir 2016; 142:583-589. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In dem Spannungsfeld zwischen Klinikorganisation, Arbeitszeitgesetz, Patientensicherheit, Nachwuchsmangel und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ist die Entwicklung bestmöglicher Arbeitszeitmodelle zur Aufrechterhaltung maximaler Versorgungsqualität bei gleichzeitiger Gesetzeskonformität unabdingbar. Hierzu ist die Evaluation der Auswirkungen der Dienstmodelle auf die Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit sinnvoll.
Material und Methoden Nach Abschaffung des traditionellen 24-Stunden-Dienstes 2007 in einer chirurgischen Klinik der Maximalversorgung wurden konsekutiv ein 18-Stunden-Dienst und nachfolgend 2008 ein 12-Stunden-Dienstmodell zur Verbesserung der Übergabequalität und Reduktion von Übergabeverlusten implementiert. In einer begleitenden Mitarbeiterbefragung wurden die Auswirkungen auf Arbeitsorganisation, Lebensqualität und Einkommen in anonymisierten Fragebögen evaluiert. 2014 wurde die Mitarbeiterbefragung erneut durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Bei 95% Rücklaufquote der Fragebögen 2008 und 93% Rücklaufquote 2014 wurde das 12-Stunden-Modell aufgrund der deutlich höheren Dienstfrequenz mit entsprechend höherer sozialer Belastung schlechter bewertet. Ebenso wurde die körperliche Belastung und chronische Müdigkeit im 12-Stunden-Dienst am schlechtesten bewertet. Der 18-Stunden-Dienst war das Modell der 1. Wahl bei den Mitarbeitern. Der 24-Stunden-Dienst wurde als beste Kompromisslösung zwischen Erfordernissen der Arbeitsorganisation und Mitarbeiterbedürfnissen gewertet und das Dienstmodell daraufhin 2015 erneut angepasst.
Schlussfolgerung Essenzielle Grundlage einer chirurgischen Klinik ist ein an die Erfordernisse der Arbeitsabläufe, des Arbeitszeitgesetzes und Bedürfnisse der Mitarbeiter angepasstes Dienstmodell. Der optimalen Arbeitsorganisation kann ein 12-Stunden-Dienstmodell gerecht werden, aber nur bei entsprechendem Personalschlüssel gelingt dies ohne Inkaufnahme einer zu hohen Dienstfrequenz mit entsprechend stark empfundener Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität. Eine Mitarbeiterbefragung sollte regelmäßig durchgeführt werden, um die tatsächlichen Auswirkungen des Dienstsystems erfassen und weiter optimieren zu können. Das viel kritisierte 24-Stunden-Dienstsystem erscheint mit Augmentierung durch einen Entlastungsdienst in den Abendstunden deutlich besser als sein Ruf.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Langelotz
- Chirurgische Klinik, Campus Mitte/Campus Virchow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - G. Koplin
- Chirurgische Klinik, Campus Mitte/Campus Virchow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A. Pascher
- Chirurgische Klinik, Campus Mitte/Campus Virchow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - R. Lohmann
- Chirurgische Klinik, Campus Mitte/Campus Virchow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A. Köhler
- Kaufmännische Zentrumsleitung CC08, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J. Pratschke
- Chirurgische Klinik, Campus Mitte/Campus Virchow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - O. Haase
- Chirurgische Klinik, Campus Mitte/Campus Virchow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
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von Allwörden H, Ruschmeier K, Köhler A, Eelbo T, Schwarz A, Wiesendanger R. Set-up of a high-resolution 300 mK atomic force microscope in an ultra-high vacuum compatible (3)He/10 T cryostat. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:073702. [PMID: 27475560 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The design of an atomic force microscope with an all-fiber interferometric detection scheme capable of atomic resolution at about 500 mK is presented. The microscope body is connected to a small pumped (3)He reservoir with a base temperature of about 300 mK. The bakeable insert with the cooling stage can be moved from its measurement position inside the bore of a superconducting 10 T magnet into an ultra-high vacuum chamber, where the tip and sample can be exchanged in situ. Moreover, single atoms or molecules can be evaporated onto a cold substrate located inside the microscope. Two side chambers are equipped with standard surface preparation and surface analysis tools. The performance of the microscope at low temperatures is demonstrated by resolving single Co atoms on Mn/W(110) and by showing atomic resolution on NaCl(001).
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Affiliation(s)
- H von Allwörden
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Ruschmeier
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Köhler
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Eelbo
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Schwarz
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Wiesendanger
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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Höher N, Turja R, Köhler A, Lehtonen KK, Broeg K. Immunological responses in the mussel Mytilus trossulus transplanted at the coastline of the northern Baltic Sea. Mar Environ Res 2015; 112:113-121. [PMID: 26604022 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of immune responses in transplanted Baltic blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus) as biomarkers of immunotoxic effects was studied at differently contaminated locations in the Gulf of Bothnia (northern Baltic Sea). Here, we present a detailed report on the immune responses measured as complementary part of transplantation study by Turja et al. (2014).Various immunological endpoints such as total and differential cell count, morphological alterations,phagocytic activity, and caspase 3/7 activity of mussel haemocytes as well as haemolytic activity of the haemolymph were used. Mussels collected at a reference site at a Finnish coastal site (Hanko, H) were transplanted at the Swedish coast near industrial and urban regions of the cities Sundsvall (S1, S2) and Gävle (G1, G2), respectively. Based on the measured immunological responses, multivariate statistical analysis (PCA biplot) showed a clear separation of the most polluted site S1, indicating immunotoxic impacts of the mixture of contaminants present at this location. Based on these observations and results from Turja et al. (2014), we suggest the implementation of immunotoxic biomarkers for the evaluation of ecosystem health. However, these should be accompanied by complementary endpoints of biological effects encompassing i.e., physiological, antioxidant and bioenergetic markers.
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Langelotz C, Bloch A, Hammerich R, Köhler A, Pratschke J, Kilian M. [Economic Analysis of Treatment Courses for Patients Over the Age of 80 Years at a Surgical Maximum Care Centre]. Zentralbl Chir 2015; 140:435-9. [PMID: 26266475 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The demographic change in Germany with an aging population and the resulting necessity of adequate surgical care for older patients was lately discussed with concern. One major aspect is the estimated higher treatment costs in the care of the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS InEK data from all cases of patients over the age of 80, who were treated and discharged from 2008 to 2012 as inpatients at the Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, were analysed. Of a total of 13,612 patients 626 patients were over the age of 80. Their lengths of stay, mode of discharge and discharge management as well as costs and reimbursements according to the relevant diagnosis-related groups were analysed. RESULTS Cases of elderly patients amounted to a stable 5 % of all cases from 2008 until 2012. Their mean length of stay was 14 (median, 9), range, 1-129 days. 80 % of patients could be regularly discharged, 9 % died, 8 % were transferred to another hospital, 2 % discharged into a nursing home and 1 % into a rehabilitation centre. The elderly patients had a patient clinical complexity level of mean 2.84. Costs per day amounted to a mean 778 (median: 627) €, range: 306-7740 €, total costs to 10,686 (median: 5140) €, range: 368-186,059 €. The mean deficit was 491 (median: 176) € per patient, range: - 30,470-75,144 €. The discharge management was significantly different in comparison to patients under the age of 80 with respect to avoidance of discharge at the weekend. CONCLUSION Patients over the age of 80 are a relevant group in surgery. They have an increased perioperative risk, but patients should not be denied surgery solely because of their age. The perioperative management of the elderly has to be of maximum standardised quality. From an economic perspective it can be stated that elderly patients currently pose no exceptional financial risk to a surgical department, but contribute relevantly to the turnover, whereby special attention has to be paid to an early structured discharge management.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Langelotz
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Visceral-, Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie, Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Bloch
- Geschäftsbereich Unternehmenscontrolling, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - R Hammerich
- Geschäftsbereich Klinisches Qualitäts- und Risikomanagement, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - A Köhler
- Kaufmännische Zentrumsleitung CC08, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - J Pratschke
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Visceral-, Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie, Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
| | - M Kilian
- Klinik für Allgemein-, Visceral-, Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie, Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Deutschland
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Mothes AR, Köhler A, Radosa MP, Runnebaum IB. Vaginalruptur mit Evisceration 7 Monate nach vorderer vaginaler Netzeinlage bei Rezidiv-Descensus vaginae – Ein Fallbericht. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1551626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Köhler A, Maag D, Veyrat N, Glauser G, Wolfender JL, Turlings TCJ, Erb M. Within-plant distribution of 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones contributes to herbivore niche differentiation in maize. Plant Cell Environ 2015; 38:1081-93. [PMID: 25293400 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant defences vary in space and time, which may translate into specific herbivore-foraging patterns and feeding niche differentiation. To date, little is known about the effect of secondary metabolite patterning on within-plant herbivore foraging. We investigated how variation in the major maize secondary metabolites, 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives (BXDs), affects the foraging behaviour of two leaf-chewing herbivores. BXD levels varied substantially within plants. Older leaves had higher levels of constitutive BXDs while younger leaves were consistently more inducible. These differences were observed independently of plant age, even though the concentrations of most BXDs declined markedly in older plants. Larvae of the well-adapted maize pest Spodoptera frugiperda preferred and grew better on young inducible leaves irrespective of plant age, while larvae of the generalist Spodoptera littoralis preferred and tended to grow better on old leaves. In BXD-free mutants, the differences in herbivore weight gain between old and young leaves were absent for both species, and leaf preferences of S. frugiperda were attenuated. In contrast, S. littoralis foraging patterns were not affected. In summary, our study shows that plant secondary metabolites differentially affect performance and foraging of adapted and non-adapted herbivores and thereby likely contribute to feeding niche differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köhler
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
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Archer CR, Köhler A, Pirk CWW, Oosthuizen V, Apostolides Z, Nicolson SW. Antioxidant supplementation can reduce the survival costs of excess amino acid intake in honeybees. J Insect Physiol 2014; 71:78-86. [PMID: 25450562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Over-consuming amino acids is associated with reduced survival in many species, including honeybees. The mechanisms responsible for this are unclear but one possibility is that excessive intake of amino acids increases oxidative damage. If this is the case, antioxidant supplementation may help reduce the survival costs of high amino acid intake. We tested this hypothesis in African honeybees (Apis mellifera scutellata) using the major antioxidant in green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). We first determined the dose-range of EGCG that improved survival of caged honeybees fed sucrose solution. We then provided bees with eight diets that differed in their ratio of essential amino acids (EAA) to carbohydrate (C) (0:1, 1:250, 1:100, 1:75, 1:50, 1:25, 1:10, 1:5 EAA:C) and also in their EGCG dose (0.0 or 0.4 mM). We found that bees fed sucrose only solution survived better than bees fed EAA diets. Despite this, bees preferred a diet that contained intermediate ratios of EAA:C (ca. 1:25), which may represent the high demands for nitrogen of developing nurse bees. EGCG supplementation improved honeybee survival but only at an intermediate dose (0.3-0.5 mM) and in bees fed low EAA diets (1:250, 1:100 EAA:C). That EGCG counteracted the lifespan reducing effects of eating low EAA diets suggests that oxidative damage may be involved in the association between EAAs and lifespan in honeybees. However, that EGCG had no effect on survival in bees fed high EAA diets suggests that there are other physiological costs of over-consuming EAAs in honeybees.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ruth Archer
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Angela Köhler
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Christian W W Pirk
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Vinette Oosthuizen
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Zeno Apostolides
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Susan W Nicolson
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.
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Abstract
Plastic pollution is an emerging global threat for marine wildlife. Many species of birds, reptiles, and fishes are directly impaired by plastics as they can get entangled in ropes and drown or they can ingest plastic fragments which, in turn, may clog their stomachs and guts. Microplastics of less than 1 mm can be ingested by small invertebrates, but their fate in the digestive organs and their effects on the animals are yet not well understood. We embedded fluorescent microplastics in artificial agarose-based food and offered the food to marine isopods, Idotea emarginata. The isopods did not distinguish between food with and food without microplastics. Upon ingestion, the microplastics were present in the stomach and in the gut but not in the tubules of the midgut gland which is the principal organ of enzyme-secretion and nutrient resorption. The feces contained the same concentration of microplastics as the food which indicates that no accumulation of microplastics happens during the gut passage. Long-term bioassays of 6 weeks showed no distinct effects of continuous microplastic consumption on mortality, growth, and intermolt duration. I. emarginata are able to prevent intrusion of particles even smaller than 1 μm into the midgut gland which is facilitated by the complex structure of the stomach including a fine filter system. It separates the midgut gland tubules from the stomach and allows only the passage of fluids and chyme. Our results indicate that microplastics, as administered in the experiments, do not clog the digestive organs of isopods and do not have adverse effects on their life history parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hämer
- Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute , Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Maag D, Dalvit C, Thevenet D, Köhler A, Wouters FC, Vassão DG, Gershenzon J, Wolfender JL, Turlings TCJ, Erb M, Glauser G. 3-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA-N-Glc) is an insect detoxification product of maize 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones. Phytochemistry 2014; 102:97-105. [PMID: 24713572 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to defend themselves against arthropod herbivores, maize plants produce 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones (BXs), which are stored as weakly active glucosides in the vacuole. Upon tissue disruption, BXs come into contact with β-glucosidases, resulting in the release of active aglycones and their breakdown products. While some aglycones can be reglucosylated by specialist herbivores, little is known about how they detoxify BX breakdown products. Here we report on the structure of an N-glucoside, 3-β-d-glucopyranosyl-6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA-N-Glc), purified from Spodoptera frugiperda faeces. In vitro assays showed that MBOA-N-Glc is formed enzymatically in the insect gut using the BX breakdown product 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA) as precursor. While Spodoptera littoralis and S. frugiperda caterpillars readily glucosylated MBOA, larvae of the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis were hardly able to process the molecule. Accordingly, Spodoptera caterpillar growth was unaffected by the presence of MBOA, while O. nubilalis growth was reduced. We conclude that glucosylation of MBOA is an important detoxification mechanism that helps insects tolerate maize BXs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Maag
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Bioactive Natural Products, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Claudio Dalvit
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Damien Thevenet
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Angela Köhler
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Daniel G Vassão
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | | | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Bioactive Natural Products, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias Erb
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Köhler A, Eggers H, Kuczyk M, Schrader A, Steffens S. [Utility of the serum CRP value for assessing the prognosis and therapeutic response of urological malignancies]. Aktuelle Urol 2013; 44:452-5. [PMID: 24258396 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1358677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an unspecific marker of systemic inflammation. It is known to be elevated in autoimmune disease, traumata and malignancies. Increased CRP levels have specifically been shown to be associated with disease progression and prognosis in various studies on renal cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma. Although CRP, unlike PSA, is neither organ-specific nor tumour-specific, studies were able to show that increased CRP values are an independent prognostic marker for tumour-specific survival of patients with prostate cancer. In metastatic and castration-resistant prostate cancer elevated CRP levels have been approved as a useful marker to estimate the extent of disease and mortality. CRP measurements in serum are standardised worldwide and widely used in daily clinical routine. However, until CRP can be firmly established as a prognostic marker in daily routine, we need validation of its prognostic and predictive value with large and preferably prospective multicentre studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Köhler
- Klinik für Urologie und Urologische Onkologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - H. Eggers
- Klinik für Onkologie, Hämatologie, Hämostaseologie und Stammzelltransplantation, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - M. Kuczyk
- Klinik für Urologie und Urologische Onkologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - A. Schrader
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm
| | - S. Steffens
- Klinik für Urologie und Urologische Onkologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
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Nicolson SW, de Veer L, Köhler A, Pirk CWW. Honeybees prefer warmer nectar and less viscous nectar, regardless of sugar concentration. Proc Biol Sci 2013; 280:20131597. [PMID: 23902913 PMCID: PMC3735266 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2013.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The internal temperature of flowers may be higher than air temperature, and warmer nectar could offer energetic advantages for honeybee thermoregulation, as well as being easier to drink owing to its lower viscosity. We investigated the responses of Apis mellifera scutellata (10 colonies) to warmed 10% w/w sucrose solutions, maintained at 20-35°C, independent of low air temperatures, and to 20% w/w sucrose solutions with the viscosity increased by the addition of the inert polysaccharide Tylose (up to the equivalent of 34.5% sucrose). Honeybee crop loads increased with nectar temperature, as did the total consumption of sucrose solutions over 2 h by all bees visiting the feeders. In addition, the preference of marked honeybees shifted towards higher nectar temperatures with successive feeder visits. Crop loads were inversely proportional to the viscosity of the artificial nectar, as was the total consumption of sucrose solutions over 2 h. Marked honeybees avoided higher nectar viscosities with successive feeder visits. Bees thus showed strong preferences for both warmer and less viscous nectar, independent of changes in its sugar concentration. Bees may benefit from foraging on nectars that are warmer than air temperature for two reasons that are not mutually exclusive: reduced thermoregulatory costs and faster ingestion times due to the lower viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan W Nicolson
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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Höher N, Regoli F, Dissanayake A, Nagel M, Kriews M, Köhler A, Broeg K. Immunomodulating effects of environmentally realistic copper concentrations in Mytilus edulis adapted to naturally low salinities. Aquat Toxicol 2013; 140-141:185-195. [PMID: 23811023 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The monitoring of organisms' health conditions by the assessment of their immunocompetence may serve as an important criterion for the achievement of the Good Environmental Status (GES) as defined in the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (EU). In this context, the complex role of natural environmental stressors, e.g. salinity, and interfering or superimposing effects of anthropogenic chemicals, should be carefully considered, especially in scenarios of low to moderate contamination. Organisms from the Baltic Sea have adapted to the ambient salinity regime, however energetically costly osmoregulating processes may have an impact on the capability to respond to additional stress such as contamination. The assessment of multiple stressors, encompassing natural and anthropogenic factors, influencing an organisms' health was the main aim of the present study. Immune responses of Mytilus edulis, collected and kept at natural salinities of 12‰ (LS) and 20‰ (MS), respectively, were compared after short-term exposure (1, 7 and 13 days) to low copper concentrations (5, 9 and 16 μg/L Cu). A significant interaction of salinity and copper exposure was observed in copper accumulation. LS mussels accumulated markedly more copper than MS mussels. No combined effects were detected in cellular responses. Bacterial clearance was mostly achieved by phagocytosis, as revealed by a strong positive correlation between bacterial counts and phagocytic activity, which was particularly pronounced in LS mussels. MS mussels, on the other hand, seemingly accomplished bacterial clearance by employing additional humoral factors (16 μg/L Cu). The greatest separating factor in the PCA biplot between LS and MS mussels was the proportion of granulocytes and hyalinocytes while functional parameters (phagocytic activity and bacterial clearance) were hardly affected by salinity, but rather by copper exposure. In conclusion, immune responses of the blue mussel may be suitable and sensitive biomarkers for the assessment of ecosystem health in brackish waters (10-20‰S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Höher
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
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Köhler A, Ludwig B, Diebolder H, Camara O, Runnebaum IB. Laparoskopische versus offen chirurgische Therapie des primären Endometriumkarzinoms - Resultate von über 15 Jahren. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1343516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Minnaar IA, Köhler A, Purchase C, Nicolson SW. Coloured and Toxic Nectar: Feeding Choices of the Madagascar Giant Day Gecko,Phelsuma grandis. Ethology 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid A. Minnaar
- Department of Zoology and Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria; South Africa
| | - Angela Köhler
- Department of Zoology and Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria; South Africa
| | - Cromwell Purchase
- Department of Zoology and Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria; South Africa
| | - Susan W. Nicolson
- Department of Zoology and Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria; South Africa
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von Moos N, Burkhardt-Holm P, Köhler A. Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. after an experimental exposure. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:11327-35. [PMID: 22963286 DOI: 10.1021/es302332w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 901] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated if industrial high-density polyethylene (HDPE) particles, a model microplastic free of additives, ranging > 0-80 μm are ingested and taken up into the cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. The effects of exposure (up to 96 h) and plastic ingestion were observed at the cellular and subcellular level. Microplastic uptake into the gills and digestive gland was analyzed by a new method using polarized light microscopy. Mussel health status was investigated incorporating histological assessment and cytochemical biomarkers of toxic effects and early warning. In addition to being drawn into the gills, HDPE particles were taken up into the stomach and transported into the digestive gland where they accumulated in the lysosomal system after 3 h of exposure. Our results show notable histological changes upon uptake and a strong inflammatory response demonstrated by the formation of granulocytomas after 6 h and lysosomal membrane destabilization, which significantly increased with longer exposure times. We provide proof of principle that microplastics are taken up into cells and cause significant effects on the tissue and cellular level, which can be assessed with standard cytochemical biomarkers and polarized light microscopy for microplastic tracking in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia von Moos
- University of Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland.
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Köhler A, Pirk CWW, Nicolson SW. Simultaneous stressors: interactive effects of an immune challenge and dietary toxin can be detrimental to honeybees. J Insect Physiol 2012; 58:918-923. [PMID: 22543182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent large-scale mortality of honeybee colonies is believed to be caused by multiple interactions between diseases, parasites, pesticide exposure, and other stress factors. To test whether a dual challenge has an additive effect in reducing survival, we experimentally stimulated the immune system of caged Apis mellifera scutellata workers from six colonies by injecting saline or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and additionally fed them the alkaloid nicotine (0 μM, 3 μM and 300 μM in 0.63 M sucrose). Workers did not increase their sucrose intake to compensate for the immune system activation, and those injected with E. coli LPS decreased their intake on the highest nicotine concentration. In the single challenges, injection and high nicotine doses negatively affected survival. All injected worker groups showed reduced survival. Without nicotine, survival of the saline and E. coli LPS worker groups was similar, but survival of E. coli LPS-challenged workers dropped below that of the saline groups when additionally challenged by nicotine, with bees dying earlier at higher nicotine concentrations. In the dual challenge of saline injection and dietary nicotine, a reduced effect on survival was observed, with lower mortality than expected from the summed mortalities due to the single challenges. However, additive and synergistic effects on survival were observed in workers simultaneously challenged by E. coli LPS and nicotine, indicating that interactive effects of simultaneous pathogen exposure and dietary toxin are detrimental to honeybee fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köhler
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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Hansson T, Barsiene J, Schiedek D, Vuorinen PJ, Tjärnlund U, Linderoth M, Zebühr Y, Broeg K, Köhler A, Balk L. Biomarkers in female perch (Perca fluviatilis) in the Stockholm recipient. Toxicol Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.03.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Schänzer A, Rau I, Kress W, Köhler A, Neubauer B, Hahn A. Duchenne muscular dystrophy in a 4-year-old girl due to heterozygous frame shift deletion of the dystrophin gene and skewed X-inactivation. Klin Padiatr 2012; 224:256-8. [PMID: 22549471 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1304626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
X-linked recessive diseases affect males, whereas female carriers are generally asymptomatic.We report on a 4-year-old girl who presented with a classical phenotype of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), a severe X-linked recessive type of muscular dystrophy affecting boys in early childhood.A thorough diagnostic work-up revealed that this resulted from a heterozygous out-of frame deletion in the DMD-gene in combination with an X-inactivation ratio of <10:90 in blood leukocytes and muscle.The case exemplifies that a skewed X-inactivation pattern has to be taken into account as mechanism causing clinical symptoms in female carriers of X-linked recessive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schänzer
- Institut für Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Giessen, Germany.
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Höher N, Köhler A, Strand J, Broeg K. Effects of various pollutant mixtures on immune responses of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) collected at a salinity gradient in Danish coastal waters. Mar Environ Res 2012; 75:35-44. [PMID: 22119656 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed sea with a steady salinity gradient (3‰-30‰). Organisms have adapted to such low salinities, but are suspected to be more susceptible to stress. Within the frame of the integrated environmental monitoring BONUS + project "BEAST" the applicability of immune responses of the blue mussel was investigated in Danish coastal waters. The sampling sites were characterised by a salinity range (11-19‰) and different mixtures of contaminants (metals, PAHs and POPs), according to chemical analysis of mussel tissues. Variation partitioning (redundancy analysis) was applied to decompose salinity and contamination effects. The results indicated that cellular immune responses (total and differential haemocyte count, phagocytic activity and apoptosis) were mainly influenced by contaminants, whereas humoral factors (haemolytic activity) were mainly impacted by salinity. Hence, cellular immune functions may be suitable as biomarkers in monitoring programmes for the Baltic Sea and other geographic regions with salinity variances of the studied range.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Höher
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
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