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Di Micco S, Ciaglia T, Salviati E, Michela P, Kostrzewa M, Musella S, Schiano Moriello A, Di Sarno V, Smaldone G, Di Matteo F, Capolupo I, Infantino R, Bifulco G, Pepe G, Sommella EM, Kumar P, Basilicata MG, Allarà M, Sánchez-Fernández N, Aso E, Gomez-Monterrey IM, Campiglia P, Ostacolo C, Maione S, Ligresti A, Bertamino A. Novel pyrrole based CB2 agonists: New insights on CB2 receptor role in regulating neurotransmitters' tone. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116298. [PMID: 38493727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The cannabinoid system is one of the most investigated neuromodulatory systems because of its involvement in multiple pathologies such as cancer, inflammation, and psychiatric diseases. Recently, the CB2 receptor has gained increased attention considering its crucial role in modulating neuroinflammation in several pathological conditions like neurodegenerative diseases. Here we describe the rational design of pyrrole-based analogues, which led to a potent and pharmacokinetically suitable CB2 full agonist particularly effective in improving cognitive functions in a scopolamine-induced amnesia murine model. Therefore, we extended our study by investigating the interconnection between CB2 activation and neurotransmission in this experimental paradigm. To this purpose, we performed a MALDI imaging analysis on mice brains, observing that the administration of our lead compound was able to revert the effect of scopolamine on different neurotransmitter tones, such as acetylcholine, serotonin, and GABA, shedding light on important networks not fully explored, so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Micco
- European Biomedical Research Institute (EBRIS), Via S. De Renzi 50, 84125, Salerno, Italy
| | - Tania Ciaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Perrone Michela
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Magdalena Kostrzewa
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Musella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Di Sarno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gerardina Smaldone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Matteo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ilaria Capolupo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Rosmara Infantino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Eduardo M Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Poulami Kumar
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marco Allarà
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nuria Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy; Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ester Aso
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy; Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Isabel M Gomez-Monterrey
- Neuropharmacology & Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Carmine Ostacolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Division, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Alessia Bertamino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
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Gargiulo E, Moriello AS, Benetti E, Pagni L, Arnoldi L, De Petrocellis L, Chianese G, Vitale RM, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Phytochemical Characterization and TRPA1/TRPM8 Modulation Profile of the Cannabigerol-Rich Cannabis sativa L. Chemotype IV. J Nat Prod 2024. [PMID: 38408345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The first detailed phytochemical analysis of the cannabigerol (CBG)-rich chemotype IV of Cannabis sativa L. resulted in the isolation of the expected cannabigerolic acid/cannabigerol (CBGA/CBG) and cannabidiolic acid/cannabidiol (CBDA/CBD) and of nine new phytocannabinoids (5-13), which were fully characterized by HR-ESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR. These included mono- or dihydroxylated CBGA/CBG analogues, a congener with a truncated side chain (10), cyclocannabigerol B (11), and the CBD derivatives named cannabifuranols (12 and 13). Cyclocannabigerol B and cannabifuranols are characterized by a novel phytocannabinoid structural architecture. The isolated phytocannabinoids were assayed on the receptor channels TRPA1 and TRPM8, unveiling a potent dual TRPA1 agonist/TRPM8 antagonist profile for compounds 6, 7, and 14. Chiral separation of the two enantiomers of 5 resulted in the discovery of a synergistic effect of the two enantiomers on TRPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Gargiulo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Pagni
- R&D, Indena SpA, Via Don Minzoni, 6, 20049 Settala (MI), Italy
| | - Lolita Arnoldi
- R&D, Indena SpA, Via Don Minzoni, 6, 20049 Settala (MI), Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chianese
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Romeo I, Brizzi A, Pessina F, Ambrosio FA, Aiello F, Belardo C, Carullo G, Costa G, De Petrocellis L, Frosini M, Luongo L, Maramai S, Paolino M, Moriello AS, Mugnaini C, Scorzelli F, Maione S, Corelli F, Di Marzo V, Alcaro S, Artese A. In Silico-Guided Rational Drug Design and Synthesis of Novel 4-(Thiophen-2-yl)butanamides as Potent and Selective TRPV1 Agonists. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6994-7015. [PMID: 37192374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We describe an in silico-guided rational drug design and the synthesis of the suggested ligands, aimed at improving the TRPV1-ligand binding properties and the potency of N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-4-(thiophen-2-yl) butanamide I, a previously identified TRPV1 agonist. The docking experiments followed by molecular dynamics simulations and thermodynamic analysis led the drug design toward both the introduction of a lipophilic iodine and a flat pyridine/benzene at position 5 of the thiophene nucleus. Most of the synthesized compounds showed high TRPV1 efficacy and potency as well as selectivity. The molecular modeling analysis highlighted crucial hydrophobic interactions between Leu547 and the iodo-thiophene nucleus, as in amide 2a, or between Phe543 and the pyridinyl moiety, as in 3a. In the biological evaluation, both compounds showed protective properties against oxidative stress-induced ROS formation in human keratinocytes. Additionally, while 2a showed neuroprotective effects in both neurons and rat brain slices, 3a exhibited potent antinociceptive effect in vivo..
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Romeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Pessina
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Aiello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienza della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Carmela Belardo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", |Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Frosini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", |Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Samuele Maramai
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Paolino
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Via L. Einaudi 13, 35030 Saccolongo, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Mugnaini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Scorzelli
- Recipharm (Edmond Pharma), Strada Statale dei Giovi 131, 20037 Paderno Dugnano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", |Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, NUTRISS Center, School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Université Laval, 2325 Rue de l'Université, Québec, Canada
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, Università degli Studi "Magna Græcia" di Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 ion channel (TRPV1) is a ligand-gated nonselective calcium-permeant cation channel involved in the detection of a wide variety of chemical and physical noxious stimuli, ranging from exogenous and endogenous ligands to noxious heat (>42 °C) and low pH (pH < 5.2). Due to its central role in pain and hyperalgesia, TRPV1 is considered a relevant therapeutic target for the development of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs potentially useful to relieve chronic, neuropathic, and inflammatory pain and to treat disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. In this view, the availability of in vitro assays for the screening of novel TRPV1 modulators is highly desirable. Since TRPV1 activation leads to an increase in the intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels, the use of Ca2+ fluorescent indicators represent a valuable and sensitive tool for monitoring such intracellular changes. In this chapter, we describe methods for recording and monitoring Ca2+ signals through the fluorescent indicators Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl (AM) and Fura-2 AM in HEK-293 cells transfected with TRPV1 or other thermoTRP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB)-National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB)-National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
- Endocannabinoid Research Group - Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB)-National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB)-National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
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Schiano Moriello A, Roviezzo F, Iannotti FA, Rea G, Allarà M, Camerlingo R, Verde R, Di Marzo V, Petrosino S. First Evidence of the Protective Effects of 2-Pentadecyl-2-Oxazoline (PEA-OXA) in In Vitro Models of Acute Lung Injury. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010033. [PMID: 36671418 PMCID: PMC9855419 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious inflammatory lung disorder and a complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, the transition to ARDS is principally due to the occurrence of a cytokine storm and an exacerbated inflammatory response. The effectiveness of ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA-um) during the earliest stage of COVID-19 has already been suggested. In this study, we evaluated its protective effects as well as the effectiveness of its congener, 2-pentadecyl-2-oxazoline (PEA-OXA), using in vitro models of acute lung injury. In detail, human lung epithelial cells (A549) activated by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly-(I:C)) or Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) were treated with PEA-OXA or PEA. The release of IL-6 and the appearance of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) were measured by ELISA and immunofluorescence assays, respectively. A possible mechanism of action for PEA-OXA and PEA was also investigated. Our results showed that both PEA-OXA and PEA were able to counteract poly-(I:C)-induced IL-6 release, as well as to revert TGF-β-induced EMT. In addition, PEA was able to produce an "entourage" effect on the levels of the two endocannabinoids AEA and 2-AG, while PEA-OXA only increased PEA endogenous levels, in poly-(I:C)-stimulated A549 cells. These results evidence for the first time the superiority of PEA-OXA over PEA in exerting protective effects and point to PEA-OXA as a new promising candidate in the management of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rea
- Microenvironment Molecular Targets, National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation, IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Allarà
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosa Camerlingo
- Cellular Biology and Biotherapy-Research Department, National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation, IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Verde
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, CRIUCPQ and INAF, Faculties of Medicine and Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Correspondence: (V.D.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, 35100 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.D.); (S.P.)
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Schiano Moriello A, Di Marzo V, Petrosino S. Mutual Links between the Endocannabinoidome and the Gut Microbiome, with Special Reference to Companion Animals: A Nutritional Viewpoint. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030348. [PMID: 35158670 PMCID: PMC8833664 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that perturbation of the gut microbiome, known as “dysbiosis”, is associated with the pathogenesis of human and veterinary diseases that are not restricted to the gastrointestinal tract. In this regard, recent studies have demonstrated that dysbiosis is linked to the pathogenesis of central neuroinflammatory disorders, supporting the existence of the so-called microbiome-gut-brain axis. The endocannabinoid system is a recently recognized lipid signaling system and termed endocannabinoidome monitoring a variety of body responses. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that a profound link exists between the gut microbiome and the endocannabinoidome, with mutual interactions controlling intestinal homeostasis, energy metabolism and neuroinflammatory responses during physiological conditions. In the present review, we summarize the latest data on the microbiome-endocannabinoidome mutual link in health and disease, focalizing the attention on gut dysbiosis and/or altered endocannabinoidome tone that may distort the bidirectional crosstalk between these two complex systems, thus leading to gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases (e.g., idiopathic inflammation, chronic enteropathies and obesity) as well as neuroinflammatory disorders (e.g., neuropathic pain and depression). We also briefly discuss the novel possible dietary interventions based not only on probiotics and/or prebiotics, but also, and most importantly, on endocannabinoid-like modulators (e.g., palmitoylethanolamide) for intestinal health and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (V.D.M.)
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030 Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (V.D.M.)
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, CRIUCPQ and INAF, Centre NUTRISS, Faculties of Medicine and Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebéc City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (V.D.M.)
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
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7
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Vitale RM, Iannotti FA, Schiano Moriello A, Tunisi L, Piscitelli F, Savopoulos R, Cristino L, De Petrocellis L, Amodeo P, Gray R, Di Marzo V. Identification and Characterization of Cannabidiol as an OX1R Antagonist by Computational and In Vitro Functional Validation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1134. [PMID: 34439801 PMCID: PMC8394412 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential, multifaceted therapeutic profile of cannabidiol (CBD), a major constituent derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, covers a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, ranging from anxiety to pediatric epilepsy and drug addiction. However, the molecular targets responsible for these effects have been only partially identified. In this view, the involvement of the orexin system, the key regulator in arousal and the sleep/wake cycle, and in motivation and reward processes, including drug addiction, prompted us to explore, using computational and experimental approaches, the possibility that CBD could act as a ligand of orexin receptors, orexin 1 receptor of type 1 (OX1R) and type 2 (OX2R). Ligand-binding assays showed that CBD is a selective ligand of OX1R in the low micromolar range (Ki 1.58 ± 0.2 μM) while in vitro functional assays, carried out by intracellular calcium imaging and mobilization assays, showed that CBD acts as an antagonist at this receptor. Finally, the putative binding mode of CBD has been inferred by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations and its selectivity toward the OX1R subtype rationalized at the molecular level. This study provides the first evidence that CBD acts as an OX1R antagonist, supporting its potential use in addictive disorders and/or body weight regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Vitale
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
| | - Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, 35100 Padova, Italy
| | - Lea Tunisi
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Ranjev Savopoulos
- GW Research Ltd., Sovereign House, Vision Park, Histon, Cambridge CB24 9BZ, UK; (R.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
| | - Roy Gray
- GW Research Ltd., Sovereign House, Vision Park, Histon, Cambridge CB24 9BZ, UK; (R.S.); (R.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (F.A.I.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.D.); (P.A.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.S.M.); (L.T.)
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
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Manzo E, Schiano Moriello A, Tinto F, Verde R, Allarà M, De Petrocellis L, Pagano E, Izzo AA, Di Marzo V, Petrosino S. A Glucuronic Acid-Palmitoylethanolamide Conjugate (GLUPEA) Is an Innovative Drug Delivery System and a Potential Bioregulator. Cells 2021; 10:450. [PMID: 33672574 PMCID: PMC7924038 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous anti-inflammatory lipid mediator and a widely used nutraceutical. In this study, we designed, realized, and tested a drug-carrier conjugate between PEA (the active drug) and glucuronic acid (the carrier). The conjugate, named GLUPEA, was characterized for its capability of increasing PEA levels and exerting anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro and in vivo. GLUPEA treatment, compared to the same concentration of PEA, resulted in higher cellular amounts of PEA and the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), and increased 2-AG-induced transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channel desensitization to capsaicin. GLUPEA inhibited pro-inflammatory monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP-2) release from stimulated keratinocytes, and it was almost as efficacious as ultra-micronized PEA at reducing colitis in dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-injected mice when using the same dose. GLUPEA is a novel pro-drug able to efficiently mimic the anti-inflammatory and endocannabinoid enhancing actions of PEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Manzo
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
- Epitech Group S.p.A., 35030 Saccolongo, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Tinto
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
| | - Roberta Verde
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Marco Allarà
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
- Epitech Group S.p.A., 35030 Saccolongo, Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Ester Pagano
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80138 Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Angelo A. Izzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80138 Naples, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, CRIUCPQ and INAF-Centre NUTRISS, Faculties of Medicine and Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebéc, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Stefania Petrosino
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.M.); (A.S.M.); (F.T.); (R.V.); (M.A.); (L.D.P.)
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy; (E.P.); (A.A.I.)
- Epitech Group S.p.A., 35030 Saccolongo, Padova, Italy
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Petrosino S, Schiano Moriello A. Palmitoylethanolamide: A Nutritional Approach to Keep Neuroinflammation within Physiological Boundaries-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249526. [PMID: 33333772 PMCID: PMC7765232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a physiological response aimed at maintaining the homodynamic balance and providing the body with the fundamental resource of adaptation to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Although the response is initiated with protective purposes, the effect may be detrimental when not regulated. The physiological control of neuroinflammation is mainly achieved via regulatory mechanisms performed by particular cells of the immune system intimately associated with or within the nervous system and named “non-neuronal cells.” In particular, mast cells (within the central nervous system and in the periphery) and microglia (at spinal and supraspinal level) are involved in this control, through a close functional relationship between them and neurons (either centrally, spinal, or peripherally located). Accordingly, neuroinflammation becomes a worsening factor in many disorders whenever the non-neuronal cell supervision is inadequate. It has been shown that the regulation of non-neuronal cells—and therefore the control of neuroinflammation—depends on the local “on demand” synthesis of the endogenous lipid amide Palmitoylethanolamide and related endocannabinoids. When the balance between synthesis and degradation of this bioactive lipid mediator is disrupted in favor of reduced synthesis and/or increased degradation, the behavior of non-neuronal cells may not be appropriately regulated and neuroinflammation exceeds the physiological boundaries. In these conditions, it has been demonstrated that the increase of endogenous Palmitoylethanolamide—either by decreasing its degradation or exogenous administration—is able to keep neuroinflammation within its physiological limits. In this review the large number of studies on the benefits derived from oral administration of micronized and highly bioavailable forms of Palmitoylethanolamide is discussed, with special reference to neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy;
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Napoli, Italy;
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030 Padova, Italy
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Vitale RM, Avonto C, Del Prete D, Moriello AS, Amodeo P, Appendino G, De Petrocellis L. Discovery of a Remarkable Methyl Shift Effect in the Vanilloid Activity of Triterpene Amides. J Nat Prod 2020; 83:3476-3481. [PMID: 33136399 PMCID: PMC8016363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As part of a study on triterpenoid conjugates, the dietary pentacyclic triterpenoids oleanolic (2a) and ursolic acids (3a) were coupled with vanillamine, and the resulting amides (2b and 3b, respectively) were assayed for activity on the vanilloid receptor TRPV1. Despite a structural difference limited to the location of a methyl group in their conformationally rigid pentacyclic core, oleanoloyl vanillamide dramatically outperformed ursoloyl vanillamide in terms of potency (EC50 = 35 ± 2 nM for 2b and 5.4 ± 2.3 μM for 3b). Using molecular docking and dynamics, this difference was translated into distinct accommodation modes at the TRPV1 vanillyl ligand pocket, suggesting a critical role of a C-H πphenyl interaction between the triterpenoid C-29 methyl and Phe591 of TRPV1. Because the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation process of transient receptor channels (TRPs) remain to be fully elucidated, the observation of spatially restricted structure-activity information is of significant relevance to identify the molecular detail of TRPV1 ligand gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Vitale
- Institute
of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research
Council (ICB-CNR), Via
Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Cristina Avonto
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical
Science, School of Pharmacy, The University
of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Danilo Del Prete
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid
Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular
Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
- Epitech
Group SpA, Saccolongo, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Institute
of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research
Council (ICB-CNR), Via
Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid
Research Group (ERG), Institute of Biomolecular
Chemistry, National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
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Finore I, Vigneron A, Vincent WF, Leone L, Di Donato P, Schiano Moriello A, Nicolaus B, Poli A. Novel Psychrophiles and Exopolymers from Permafrost Thaw Lake Sediments. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091282. [PMID: 32842646 PMCID: PMC7563700 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermokarst lakes are one of the most abundant types of microbial ecosystems in the circumpolar North. These shallow basins are formed by the thawing and collapse of ice-rich permafrost, with subsequent filling by snow and ice melt. Until now, permafrost thaw lakes have received little attention for isolation of microorganisms by culture-based analysis. The discovery of novel psychrophiles and their biomolecules makes these extreme environments suitable sources for the isolation of new strains, including for potential biotechnological applications. In this study, samples of bottom sediments were collected from three permafrost thaw lakes in subarctic Québec, Canada. Their diverse microbial communities were characterized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis, and subsamples were cultured for the isolation of bacterial strains. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of the isolates revealed affinities to the genera Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Acinetobacter,Staphylococcus and Sphingomonas. The isolates were then evaluated for their production of extracellular enzymes and exopolymers. Enzymes of potential biotechnological interest included α and β-glucosidase, α and β-maltosidase, β-xylosidase and cellobiohydrolase. One isolate, Pseudomonas extremaustralis strain 2ASCA, also showed the capability to produce, in the loosely bound cell fraction, a levan-type polysaccharide with a yield of 613 mg/L of culture, suggesting its suitability as a candidate for eco-sustainable alternatives to commercial polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Finore
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche C.N.R., Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy; (I.F.); (L.L.); (P.D.D.); (A.S.M.); (B.N.)
| | - Adrien Vigneron
- Centre d’études nordiques (CEN) & Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.V.); (W.F.V.)
| | - Warwick F. Vincent
- Centre d’études nordiques (CEN) & Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.V.); (W.F.V.)
| | - Luigi Leone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche C.N.R., Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy; (I.F.); (L.L.); (P.D.D.); (A.S.M.); (B.N.)
| | - Paola Di Donato
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche C.N.R., Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy; (I.F.); (L.L.); (P.D.D.); (A.S.M.); (B.N.)
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche C.N.R., Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy; (I.F.); (L.L.); (P.D.D.); (A.S.M.); (B.N.)
| | - Barbara Nicolaus
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche C.N.R., Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy; (I.F.); (L.L.); (P.D.D.); (A.S.M.); (B.N.)
| | - Annarita Poli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche C.N.R., Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy; (I.F.); (L.L.); (P.D.D.); (A.S.M.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0818675311
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Borgonovo G, De Petrocellis L, Schiano Moriello A, Bertoli S, Leone A, Battezzati A, Mazzini S, Bassoli A. Moringin, A Stable Isothiocyanate from Moringa oleifera, Activates the Somatosensory and Pain Receptor TRPA1 Channel In Vitro. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040976. [PMID: 32098328 PMCID: PMC7070407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. is a tropical plant widely used in traditional medicines and as a food supplement. It is characterized by the presence of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates; the stable isothiocyanate 4-[(α-l-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl]isothiocyanate (moringin) has been widely studied for its bioactivity as hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anticancer and in particular for its involvement in nociception and neurogenic pain. Moringa extracts and pure moringin were submitted to in vitro assays with the somatosensory TRPA1 ion channel, proving that moringin is a potent and effective agonist of this receptor involved in nociceptive function and pain states. Moringin do not activate or activates very weakly the vanilloids somatosensory channels TRPV1,2,3 and 4, and the melastatin cooling receptor TRPM8. The comparison of moringin’s activity with other known agonists of natural origin is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigliola Borgonovo
- Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Pozzuoli, I-87078 Napoli, Italy; (L.D.P.); (A.S.M.)
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Pozzuoli, I-87078 Napoli, Italy; (L.D.P.); (A.S.M.)
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, 35030 Padova, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Alessandro Leone
- Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefania Mazzini
- Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (S.M.)
| | - Angela Bassoli
- Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.); (A.L.); (A.B.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250316815
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Petrosino S, Schiano Moriello A, Verde R, Allarà M, Imperatore R, Ligresti A, Mahmoud AM, Peritore AF, Iannotti FA, Di Marzo V. Palmitoylethanolamide counteracts substance P-induced mast cell activation in vitro by stimulating diacylglycerol lipase activity. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:274. [PMID: 31878942 PMCID: PMC6933707 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a pleiotropic endogenous lipid mediator currently used as a "dietary food for special medical purposes" against neuropathic pain and neuro-inflammatory conditions. Several mechanisms underlie PEA actions, among which the "entourage" effect, consisting of PEA potentiation of endocannabinoid signaling at either cannabinoid receptors or transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels. Here, we report novel molecular mechanisms through which PEA controls mast cell degranulation and substance P (SP)-induced histamine release in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, a mast cell model. METHODS RBL-2H3 cells stimulated with SP were treated with PEA in the presence and absence of a cannabinoid type-2 (CB2) receptor antagonist (AM630), or a diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) enzyme inhibitor (OMDM188) to inhibit the biosynthesis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). The release of histamine was measured by ELISA and β-hexosaminidase release and toluidine blue staining were used as indices of degranulation. 2-AG levels were measured by LC-MS. The mRNA expression of proposed PEA targets (Cnr1, Cnr2, Trpv1, Ppara and Gpr55), and of PEA and endocannabinoid biosynthetic (Napepld, Dagla and Daglb) and catabolic (Faah, Naaa and Mgl) enzymes were also measured. The effects of PEA on the activity of DAGL-α or -β enzymes were assessed in COS-7 cells overexpressing the human recombinant enzyme or in RBL-2H3 cells, respectively. RESULTS SP increased the number of degranulated RBL-2H3 cells and triggered the release of histamine. PEA counteracted these effects in a manner antagonized by AM630. PEA concomitantly increased the levels of 2-AG in SP-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells, and this effect was reversed by OMDM188. PEA significantly stimulated DAGL-α and -β activity and, consequently, 2-AG biosynthesis in cell-free systems. Co-treatment with PEA and 2-AG at per se ineffective concentrations downmodulated SP-induced release of histamine and degranulation, and this effect was reversed by OMDM188. CONCLUSIONS Activation of CB2 underlies the inhibitory effects on SP-induced RBL-2H3 cell degranulation by PEA alone. We demonstrate for the first time that the effects in RBL-2H3 cells of PEA are due to the stimulation of 2-AG biosynthesis by DAGLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy.
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030, Saccolongo (Padova), Italy.
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030, Saccolongo (Padova), Italy
| | - Roberta Verde
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Marco Allarà
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Via Einaudi 13, 35030, Saccolongo (Padova), Italy
| | - Roberta Imperatore
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Ali Mokhtar Mahmoud
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy.
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, CRIUCPQ and INAF, Faculties of Medicine and Agriculture and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Quebéc City, Canada.
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Joulak I, Finore I, Nicolaus B, Leone L, Moriello AS, Attia H, Poli A, Azabou S. Evaluation of the production of exopolysaccharides by newly isolated Halomonas strains from Tunisian hypersaline environments. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:658-666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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15
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Iannotti FA, Pagano E, Moriello AS, Alvino FG, Sorrentino NC, D'Orsi L, Gazzerro E, Capasso R, De Leonibus E, De Petrocellis L, Di Marzo V. Effects of non-euphoric plant cannabinoids on muscle quality and performance of dystrophic mdx mice. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:1568-1584. [PMID: 30074247 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by dystrophin deficiency, results in chronic inflammation and irreversible skeletal muscle degeneration. Moreover, the associated impairment of autophagy greatly contributes to the aggravation of muscle damage. We explored the possibility of using non-euphoric compounds present in Cannabis sativa, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidivarin (CBDV) and tetrahydrocannabidivarin (THCV), to reduce inflammation, restore functional autophagy and positively enhance muscle function in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using quantitative PCR, western blots and [Ca2+ ]i measurements, we explored the effects of CBD and CBDV on the differentiation of both murine and human skeletal muscle cells as well as their potential interaction with TRP channels. Male dystrophic mdx mice were injected i.p. with CBD or CBDV at different stages of the disease. After treatment, locomotor tests and biochemical analyses were used to evaluate their effects on inflammation and autophagy. KEY RESULTS CBD and CBDV promoted the differentiation of murine C2C12 myoblast cells into myotubes by increasing [Ca2+ ]i mostly via TRPV1 activation, an effect that undergoes rapid desensitization. In primary satellite cells and myoblasts isolated from healthy and/or DMD donors, not only CBD and CBDV but also THCV promoted myotube formation, in this case, mostly via TRPA1 activation. In mdx mice, CBD (60 mg·kg-1 ) and CBDV (60 mg·kg-1 ) prevented the loss of locomotor activity, reduced inflammation and restored autophagy. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We provide new insights into plant cannabinoid interactions with TRP channels in skeletal muscle, highlighting a potential opportunity for novel co-adjuvant therapies to prevent muscle degeneration in DMD patients. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Ester Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | | | | | - Luca D'Orsi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elvira De Leonibus
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
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Schiano Moriello A, López Chinarro S, Novo Fernández O, Eras J, Amodeo P, Canela-Garayoa R, Vitale RM, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. Elongation of the Hydrophobic Chain as a Molecular Switch: Discovery of Capsaicin Derivatives and Endogenous Lipids as Potent Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Channel 2 Antagonists. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8255-8281. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
- Epitech Group SpA, Saccolongo, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia López Chinarro
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio, Avda. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Olalla Novo Fernández
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio, Avda. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Eras
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio, Avda. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Ramon Canela-Garayoa
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Lleida-Agrotecnio, Avda. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
- Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Quebec City G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
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17
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Lopatriello A, Caprioglio D, Minassi A, Schiano Moriello A, Formisano C, De Petrocellis L, Appendino G, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Iodine-mediated cyclization of cannabigerol (CBG) expands the cannabinoid biological and chemical space. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4532-4536. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Pollastro F, Caprioglio D, Marotta P, Moriello AS, De Petrocellis L, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Appendino G. Iodine-Promoted Aromatization of p-Menthane-Type Phytocannabinoids. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:630-633. [PMID: 29240420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment with iodine cleanly converts various p-menthane-type phytocannabinoids and their carboxylated precursors into cannabinol (CBN, 1a). The reaction is superior to previously reported protocols in terms of simplicity and substrate range, which includes not only tricyclic tetrahydrocannabinols such as Δ9-THC (2a) but also bicyclic phytocannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD, 3a). Lower homologues from the viridin series (2c and 3c, respectively) afforded cannabivarin (CBV), a non-narcotic compound that, when investigated against a series of ionotropic (thermo-TRPs) biological end-points of phytocannabinoids, retained the submicromolar TRPA1-activating and TRPM8-inhibiting properties of CBN, while also potently activating TRPV2. Treatment with iodine provides an easy access to CBN (1a) from crude extracts and side-cuts of the purification of Δ9-THC and CBD from respectively narcotic Cannabis sativa (marijuana) and fiber hemp, substantially expanding the availability of this compound and, in the case of fiber hemp, dissecting it from narcotic phytocannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2 , 28100 Novara , Italy
| | - Diego Caprioglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2 , 28100 Novara , Italy
| | - Patrizia Marotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2 , 28100 Novara , Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group , Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group , Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli ( NA ), Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco , Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2 , 28100 Novara , Italy
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19
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Petrosino S, Cordaro M, Verde R, Schiano Moriello A, Marcolongo G, Schievano C, Siracusa R, Piscitelli F, Peritore AF, Crupi R, Impellizzeri D, Esposito E, Cuzzocrea S, Di Marzo V. Oral Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide: Plasma and Tissue Levels and Spinal Anti-hyperalgesic Effect. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:249. [PMID: 29615912 PMCID: PMC5870042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a pleiotropic lipid mediator with established anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic activity. Ultramicronized PEA (PEA-um) has superior oral efficacy compared to naïve (non-micronized) PEA. The aim of the present study was two-fold: (1) to evaluate whether oral PEA-um has greater absorbability compared to naïve PEA, and its ability to reach peripheral and central tissues under healthy and local inflammatory conditions (carrageenan paw edema); (2) to better characterize the molecular pathways involved in PEA-um action, particularly at the spinal level. Rats were dosed with 30 mg/kg of [13C]4-PEA-um or naïve [13C]4-PEA by oral gavage, and [13C]4-PEA levels quantified, as a function of time, by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry. Overall plasma levels were higher in both healthy and carrageenan-injected rats administered [13C]4-PEA-um as compared to those receiving naïve [13C]4-PEA, indicating the greater absorbability of PEA-um. Furthermore, carrageenan injection markedly favored an increase in levels of [13C]4-PEA in plasma, paw and spinal cord. Oral treatment of carrageenan-injected rats with PEA-um (10 mg/kg) confirmed beneficial peripheral effects on paw inflammation, thermal hyperalgesia and tissue damage. Notably, PEA-um down-regulated distinct spinal inflammatory and oxidative pathways. These last findings instruct on spinal mechanisms involved in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of PEA-um in inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy.,Epitech Group SpA, Padova, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Verde
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy.,Epitech Group SpA, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessio F Peritore
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Napoli, Italy
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20
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Nalli M, Ortar G, Schiano Moriello A, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. Effects of curcumin and curcumin analogues on TRP channels. Fitoterapia 2017; 122:126-131. [PMID: 28903060 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 33 curcumin analogues was synthesized and tested on TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV1 channels. Twenty of them acted as good modulators of TRPA1 channels. None was able to significantly activate TRPM8 channels, while curcumin itself and six curcuminoids belonging to the 1,3-dicarbonyl and acyclic series behaved as 'true' antagonists with IC50 values<5μM. Only few curcuminoids were able to modulate TRPV1 channels with EC50 and IC50 values ranging from 3.4 and 6.0μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Nalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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21
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Giorgi A, Bassoli A, Borgonovo G, Panseri S, Manzo A, Pentimalli D, Schiano Moriello A, De Petrocellis L. Extracts and compounds active on TRP ion channels from Waldheimia glabra, a ritual medicinal plant from Himalaya. Phytomedicine 2017; 32:80-87. [PMID: 28732812 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel is a wild plant from the Himalayan Mountains, commonly known as Smooth Ground Daisy. This plant is traditionally used by local populations in religious rituals (incense) or in traditional herbal medicine to treat skin diseases, headache, joint pain and fever. In literature few data are available on the investigation of this aromatic plant. PURPOSE The present work aims at deepening knowledge about the chemical composition of W. glabra extracts and incense, as well as its activity on TRP ion channels. METHODS Extracts and incense of W. glabra were analyzed by using HS-SPME GC/MS, GC/MS and NMR analysis. Tests on the activity of W. glabra extracts and isolated compounds (+)-ludartin 1 and B-ring-homo-tonghaosu 2 on TRP channels were also performed. RESULTS Some extracts and pure compounds from W. glabra showed an interesting activity in terms of efficacy and potency on rat TRPA1, an ion channel involved in several sensory mechanisms, including pungency, environmental irritation and pain perception. Activity is discussed and compared with that of other known TRPA1 natural agonists with different chemical structures. All compounds showed only a negligible inhibition activity on rat TRPM8 ion channel. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that W. glabra is involved in the receptor activation mechanism and therefore represents a new natural product potentially useful in pharmaceutical and agrifood research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Giorgi
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048 Edolo, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Angela Bassoli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Gigliola Borgonovo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Manzo
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048 Edolo, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Pentimalli
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048 Edolo, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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22
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Schiano Moriello A, Luongo L, Guida F, S. Christodoulou M, Perdicchia D, Maione S, Passarella D, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. Chalcone Derivatives Activate and Desensitize the Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Cation Channel, Subfamily A, Member 1 TRPA1 Ion Channel: Structure-Activity Relationships in vitro and Anti-Nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activity in vivo. CNSNDDT 2016; 15:987-994. [DOI: 10.2174/1871527315666160413123621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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De Petrocellis L, Arroyo FJ, Orlando P, Schiano Moriello A, Vitale RM, Amodeo P, Sánchez A, Roncero C, Bianchini G, Martín MA, López-Alvarado P, Menéndez JC. Correction to Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Derived Urea and 2,5-Diketopiperazine Derivatives as Selective Antagonists of the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) Channel Receptor and Antiprostate Cancer Agents. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pollastro F, Golin S, Chianese G, Putra MY, Schiano Moriello A, De Petrocellis L, García V, Munoz E, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Appendino G. Neuroactive and Anti-inflammatory Frankincense Cembranes: A Structure-Activity Study. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:1762-1768. [PMID: 27352042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An expeditious isolation method for the cembrane diterpene alcohols incensol (1a) and serratol (2) has been developed from respectively African and Indian frankincense. The two native alcohols and a series of semisynthetic derivatives of incensol were evaluated for transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) activation and the inhibition of NF-κB, the putative molecular targets underlying the psychotropic and anti-inflammatory activities of incensol acetate (IA, 1b). Serratol (2) was the most potent TRPV3 activator, outperforming by 2 orders of magnitude the reference agonist thymol and by 1 order of magnitude incensol acetate (1b). Acylation, epimerization, and oxidation did not significantly improve the affinity of incensol for TRPV3, while NF-κB inhibition, marginal for both natural alcohols, could be improved by esterification of incensol (1a) with lipophilic acids. Interestingly, incensol (1a) but not IA (1b) was a potent inhibitor of STAT3, raising the possibility that hydrolysis to incensol (1a) might be involved in the in vivo biological activity of IA (1b). Serratol was not amenable to chemical modification, but some marine cembranoids related to the frankincense diterpenoids showed a certain degree of TRPV3-activating properties, qualifying the aliphatic macrocyclic cembrane skeleton as a selective chemotype to explore the pharmacology of TRPV3, a thermo-TRP otherwise resistant to modulation by small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Samantha Golin
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chianese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II , Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Masteria Yunovilsa Putra
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II , Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR , Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR , Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Victor García
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba , Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Munoz
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba , Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale , Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Aiello F, Badolato M, Pessina F, Sticozzi C, Maestrini V, Aldinucci C, Luongo L, Guida F, Ligresti A, Artese A, Allarà M, Costa G, Frosini M, Schiano Moriello A, De Petrocellis L, Valacchi G, Alcaro S, Maione S, Di Marzo V, Corelli F, Brizzi A. Design and Synthesis of New Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type-1 (TRPV1) Channel Modulators: Identification, Molecular Modeling Analysis, and Pharmacological Characterization of the N-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-4-(thiophen-2-yl)butanamide, a Small Molecule Endowed with Agonist TRPV1 Activity and Protective Effects against Oxidative Stress. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:737-48. [PMID: 26942555 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
4-(Thiophen-2-yl)butanoic acid was identified as a cyclic substitute of the unsaturated alkyl chain of the natural ligand, capsaicin. Accordingly, a new class of amides was synthesized in good yield and high purity and their molecular recognition against the target was investigated by means of docking experiments followed by molecular dynamics simulations, in order to rationalize their geometrical and thermodynamic profiles. The pharmacological properties of these new compounds were expressed as activation (EC50) and desensitization (IC50) potencies. Several compounds were found to activate TRPV1 channels, and in particular, derivatives 1 and 10 behaved as TRPV1 agonists endowed with good efficacy as compared to capsaicin. The most promising compound 1 was also evaluated for its protective role against oxidative stress on keratinocytes and differentiated human neuroblastoma cell lines expressing the TRPV1 receptor as well as for its cytotoxicity and analgesic activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aiello
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia e Scienza della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Badolato
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia e Scienza della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Sticozzi
- Dipartimento
Scienza della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Livio Luongo
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia “L. Donatelli”, Seconda Università di Napoli, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Guida
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia “L. Donatelli”, Seconda Università di Napoli, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi “Magna Graecia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Allarà
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giosué Costa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi “Magna Graecia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Dipartimento
Scienza della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento
di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi “Magna Graecia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Dipartimento
di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia “L. Donatelli”, Seconda Università di Napoli, 80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Istituto
di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
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26
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De Petrocellis L, Arroyo FJ, Orlando P, Schiano Moriello A, Vitale RM, Amodeo P, Sánchez A, Roncero C, Bianchini G, Martín MA, López-Alvarado P, Menéndez JC. Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Derived Urea and 2,5-Diketopiperazine Derivatives as Selective Antagonists of the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) Channel Receptor and Antiprostate Cancer Agents. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5661-83. [PMID: 27232526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives containing embedded urea functions were identified as selective TRPM8 channel receptor antagonists. Structure-activity relationships were investigated, with the following conclusions: (a) The urea function and the tetrahydroisoquinoline system are necessary for activity. (b) Bis(1-aryl-6,7dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl)ureas are more active than compounds containing one tetrahydroisoquinoline ring and than an open phenetylamine ureide. (c) Trans compounds are more active than their cis isomers. (d) Aryl substituents are better than alkyls at the isoquinoline C-1 position. (e) Electron-withdrawing substituents lead to higher activities. The most potent compound is the 4-F derivative, with IC50 in the 10(-8) M range and selectivities around 1000:1 for most other TRP receptors. Selected compounds were found to be active in reducing the growth of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. TRPM8 inhibition reduces proliferation in the tumor cells tested but not in nontumor prostate cells, suggesting that the activity against prostate cancer is linked to TRPM8 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francisco J Arroyo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierangelo Orlando
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council , Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesáreo Roncero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Bianchini
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Antonia Martín
- S.D. Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Alvarado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Monti L, Stefanucci A, Pieretti S, Marzoli F, Fidanza L, Mollica A, Mirzaie S, Carradori S, De Petrocellis L, Schiano Moriello A, Benyhe S, Zádor F, Szűcs E, Ötvös F, Erdei AI, Samavati R, Dvorácskó S, Tömböly C, Novellino E. Evaluation of the analgesic effect of 4-anilidopiperidine scaffold containing ureas and carbamates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1638-47. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1160902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Monti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy,
| | | | - Stefano Pieretti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento del Farmaco, Rome, Italy,
| | - Francesca Marzoli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento del Farmaco, Rome, Italy,
| | - Lorenzo Fidanza
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento del Farmaco, Rome, Italy,
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy,
| | - Sako Mirzaie
- Department of Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran,
| | - Simone Carradori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy,
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy,
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy,
| | - Sándor Benyhe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Ferenc Zádor
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Edina Szűcs
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Ferenc Ötvös
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Anna I. Erdei
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Reza Samavati
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Szabolcs Dvorácskó
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Csaba Tömböly
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary, and
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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Morera E, Di Marzo V, Monti L, Allarà M, Schiano Moriello A, Nalli M, Ortar G, De Petrocellis L. Arylboronic acids as dual-action FAAH and TRPV1 ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1401-5. [PMID: 26850005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of 31 arylboronic acids designed on the basis of the pharmacophore model for a variety of TRPV1 antagonists was prepared and tested on FAAH and TRPV1 channel. Four of them, that is, compounds 3c, 4a, 5a,b acted as dual FAAH/TRPV1 blockers with IC50 values between 0.56 and 8.11μM whereas ten others (compounds 1c,f-i, 2c-f, 4b) inhibited FAAH and activated/desensitized TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Morera
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Ludovica Monti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Allarà
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Marianna Nalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy.
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 ion channel (TRPV1) is a non-selective ligand-gated cation channel. It is an integrator of a wide variety of exogenous and endogenous physical and chemical stimuli, including capsaicin, noxious heat (>42 °C), and protons (pH < 5.2). TRPV1 is expressed predominantly in primary sensory neurons involved in pain sensation, but also in other neuronal cell types, in the plasma membrane of different non-neuronal cells such as immune cells, keratinocytes, smooth muscle cells, and in the urothelium. Some of these cell types are involved in inflammation. When activated, TRPV1 leads to the gating of cations, including Ca(2+), thus generating changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Calcium ions play fundamental roles in many cellular processes, virtually in all cells. The use of Ca(2+) fluorescent indicators is a tool for monitoring intracellular Ca(2+) concentration.In this chapter, we describe a method for recording and monitoring Ca(2+) signals through the single wavelength fluorescent indicator Fluo-4 acetoxymethyl (AM), and the ratiometric fluorescent indicator Fura-2 AM in HEK-293 cells transfected with TRPV1 and other TRP channels. TRPV1 pharmacological modulation may potentially represent a strategy for the control of pain and inflammatory conditions in a variety of diseases and injury states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy.
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De Petrocellis L, Ortar G, Schiano Moriello A, Serum EM, Rusterholz DB. Structure-activity relationships of the prototypical TRPM8 agonist icilin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2285-90. [PMID: 25935641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of structural analogues of the TRPM8 agonist icilin was prepared. The compounds were examined for their ability to exert agonist or antagonist effects in HEK-293 cells expressing the TRPM8 receptor. Most structural modifications of the icilin structure largely met with diminished TRPM8 agonist activity. Cinnamamide 'open-chain' analogs of icilin, however, demonstrated significant antagonistic actions at the TRPM8 receptor. Optimal potency (IC50=73 nM) was observed in the 3-iodo derivative 18l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza-Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Eric M Serum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States
| | - David B Rusterholz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-River Falls, 410 S. Third St., River Falls, WI 54022, United States
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Petrosino S, Schiano Moriello A, Cerrato S, Fusco M, Puigdemont A, De Petrocellis L, Di Marzo V. The anti-inflammatory mediator palmitoylethanolamide enhances the levels of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol and potentiates its actions at TRPV1 cation channels. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 173:1154-62. [PMID: 25598150 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous congener of anandamide and potentiates its actions at cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, and at transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels. The other endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), was recently suggested to act as a TRPV1 channel agonist. We investigated if PEA enhanced levels of 2-AG in vitro or in vivo and 2-AG activity at TRPV1 channels. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Endogenous lipid levels were measured by LC-MS in (i) human keratinocytes incubated with PEA (10-20 μM, 40 min, 6 and 24 h, 37°C); (ii) the blood of spontaneously Ascaris suum hypersensitive beagle dogs given a single oral dose of ultramicronized PEA (30 mg·kg(-1), 1, 2, 4 and 8 h from administration); (iii) the blood of healthy volunteers given a single oral dose of micronized PEA (300 mg, 2, 4 and 6 h from administration). Effects of 2-AG at TRPV1 channels were assessed by measuring intracellular Ca(2+) in HEK-293 cells over-expressing human TRPV1 channels. KEY RESULTS PEA elevated 2-AG levels in keratinocytes (∼3-fold) and in human and canine plasma (∼2 and ∼20-fold respectively). 2-AG dose-dependently raised intracellular Ca(2+) in HEK-293-TRPV1 cells in a TRPV1-dependent manner and desensitized the cells to capsaicin. PEA only slightly enhanced 2-AG activation of TRPV1 channels, but significantly increased 2-AG-induced TRPV1 desensitization to capsaicin (IC50 from 0.75 ± 0.04 to 0.45 ± 0.02 μM, with PEA 2 μM). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These observations may explain why several effects of PEA are attenuated by cannabinoid receptor or TRPV1 channel antagonists. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Endocannabinoids. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v173.7/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Petrosino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Epitech Group, Saccolongo, Padua, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Epitech Group, Saccolongo, Padua, Italy
| | - Santiago Cerrato
- Departament de Farmacología, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Puigdemont
- Departament de Farmacología, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
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Ortar G, Schiano Moriello A, Morera E, Nalli M, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. Effect of acyclic monoterpene alcohols and their derivatives on TRP channels. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:5507-11. [PMID: 25455494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of thirty-six geraniol, nerol, citronellol, geranylamine, and nerylamine derivatives was synthesized and tested on TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV1 channels. Most of them acted as strong modulators of TRPA1 channels with EC50 and/or IC50 values <1 μM. None was able to significantly activate TRPM8 channels, while thirteen of them behaved as 'true' TRPM8 antagonists. Little or no effect was generally observed on TRPV1 channels. Some of the compounds examined, that is, compounds 1d,g,n, 2c,d,h,i,o, 3b,e exhibited an appreciable selectivity for TRPA1 subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Enrico Morera
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marianna Nalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via dei Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy.
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De Petrocellis L, Schiano Moriello A, Fontana G, Sacchetti A, Passarella D, Appendino G, Di Marzo V. Effect of chirality and lipophilicity in the functional activity of evodiamine and its analogues at TRPV1 channels. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2608-20. [PMID: 23902373 PMCID: PMC4009003 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Evodiamine, a racemic quinazolinocarboline alkaloid isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Evodiae fructus, has been reported to act as an agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) cation channel both in vitro and in vivo. Evodiamine is structurally different from all known TRPV1 activators, and has significant clinical potential as a thermogenic agent. Nevertheless, the molecular bases for its actions are still poorly understood. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH To investigate the structure-activity relationships of evodiamine, the natural racemate was resolved, and a series of 23 synthetic analogues was prepared, using as the end point the intracellular Ca(2+) elevation in HEK-293 cells stably overexpressing either the human or the rat recombinant TRPV1. KEY RESULTS S-(+) evodiamine was more efficacious and potent than R-(-) evodiamine, and a new potent lead (Evo30) was identified, more potent than the reference TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin. In general, potency and efficacy correlated with the lipophilicity of the analogues. Like other TRPV1 agonists, several synthetic analogues could efficiently desensitize TRPV1 to activation by capsaicin. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Evodiamine qualifies as structurally unique lead structure to develop new potent TRPV1 agonists/desensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Istituto di Cibernetica, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePozzuoli, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePozzuoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica ‘G. Natta’, Politecnico di MilanoMilano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Alimentari, Farmaceutiche e Farmacologiche, Università del Piemonte OrientaleNovara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePozzuoli, Italy
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De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Schiano Moriello A, Iappelli M, Verde R, Stott CG, Cristino L, Orlando P, Di Marzo V. Non-THC cannabinoids inhibit prostate carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo: pro-apoptotic effects and underlying mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 168:79-102. [PMID: 22594963 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cannabinoid receptor activation induces prostate carcinoma cell (PCC) apoptosis, but cannabinoids other than Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which lack potency at cannabinoid receptors, have not been investigated. Some of these compounds antagonize transient receptor potential melastatin type-8 (TRPM8) channels, the expression of which is necessary for androgen receptor (AR)-dependent PCC survival. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We tested pure cannabinoids and extracts from Cannabis strains enriched in particular cannabinoids (BDS), on AR-positive (LNCaP and 22RV1) and -negative (DU-145 and PC-3) cells, by evaluating cell viability (MTT test), cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction, by FACS scans, caspase 3/7 assays, DNA fragmentation and TUNEL, and size of xenograft tumours induced by LNCaP and DU-145 cells. KEY RESULTS Cannabidiol (CBD) significantly inhibited cell viability. Other compounds became effective in cells deprived of serum for 24 h. Several BDS were more potent than the pure compounds in the presence of serum. CBD-BDS (i.p.) potentiated the effects of bicalutamide and docetaxel against LNCaP and DU-145 xenograft tumours and, given alone, reduced LNCaP xenograft size. CBD (1-10 µM) induced apoptosis and induced markers of intrinsic apoptotic pathways (PUMA and CHOP expression and intracellular Ca(2+)). In LNCaP cells, the pro-apoptotic effect of CBD was only partly due to TRPM8 antagonism and was accompanied by down-regulation of AR, p53 activation and elevation of reactive oxygen species. LNCaP cells differentiated to androgen-insensitive neuroendocrine-like cells were more sensitive to CBD-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data support the clinical testing of CBD against prostate carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Istituto di Cibernetica, Endocannabinoid Research Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, Italy.
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35
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Santillo S, Schiano Moriello A, Di Maio V. Electrophysiological variability in the SH-SY5Y cellular line. Gen Physiol Biophys 2014; 33:121-9. [PMID: 24448369 DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2013071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The basic electrophysiological properties of SH-SY5Y tumour cells have been studied by whole cell patch-clamp in voltage clamp configuration. The results shown the existence of a large variability of the response among individual cells in the same experimental conditions. Experiments conducted by using different ionic concentrations of the recording pipette filling solution, yielded a significant variability of peak current amplitude for all the filling solutions used. In addition, variability among groups was detected. The inter-group variability was not dependent on the different ionic components among the groups. Our results confirm earlier findings that this cell line is not constituted of an uniform population of cells. Moreover, from the present results we can conclude that these cells have diverse regulatory patterns of membrane conductance, probably due to both the expression as well as a non precise regulation of the membrane density of the different channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Santillo
- Institute of Cybernetics "E. Caianiello" of the CNR, c/o Comprensorio "Olivetti", Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy.
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Ortar G, Schiano Moriello A, Morera E, Nalli M, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. 3-Ylidenephthalides as a new class of transient receptor potential channel TRPA1 and TRPM8 modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5614-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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De Petrocellis L, Schiano Moriello A, Imperatore R, Cristino L, Starowicz K, Di Marzo V. A re-evaluation of 9-HODE activity at TRPV1 channels in comparison with anandamide: enantioselectivity and effects at other TRP channels and in sensory neurons. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 167:1643-51. [PMID: 22861649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Two oxidation products of linoleic acid, 9- and 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids (HODEs), have recently been suggested to act as endovanilloids, that is, endogenous agonists of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channels, thereby contributing to inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats. However, HODE activity at rat TRPV1 in comparison with the best established endovanilloid, anandamide, and its enantioselectivity and selectivity towards other TRP channels that are also abundant in sensory neurons have never been investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We studied the effect of 9(R)-HODE, 9(S)-HODE, (+/-)13-HODE, 15(S)-hydroxyanandamide and anandamide on [Ca(2+) ](i) in HEK-293 cells stably expressing the rat or human recombinant TRPV1, or rat recombinant TRPV2, TRPA1 or TRPM8, and also the effect of 9(S)-HODE in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by calcium imaging. KEY RESULTS Anandamide and 15(S)-hydroxyanandamide were the most potent endovanilloids at human TRPV1, whereas 9(S)-HODE was approximately threefold less efficacious and 75- and 3-fold less potent, respectively, and did not perform much better at rat TRPV1. The 9(R)-HODE and (+/-)13-HODE were almost inactive at TRPV1. Unlike anandamide and 15(S)-hydroxyanandamide, all HODEs were very weak at desensitizing TRPV1 to the action of capsaicin, but activated rat TRPV2 [only (+/-)13-HODE] and rat TRPA1, and antagonized rat TRPM8, at concentrations higher than those required to activate TRPV1. Finally, 9(S)-HODE elevated [Ca(2+) ](i) in DRG neurons almost exclusively in capsaicin-sensitive cells but only at concentrations between 25 and 100 μM. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The present data suggest that HODEs are less important endovanilloids than anandamide. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Cannabinoids. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2012.167.issue-8.
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Ortar G, Morera E, De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Schiano Moriello A, Morera L, Nalli M, Ragno R, Pirolli A, Di Marzo V. Biaryl tetrazolyl ureas as inhibitors of endocannabinoid metabolism: Modulation at the N-portion and distal phenyl ring. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:118-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ortar G, De Petrocellis L, Moriello AS, Allarà M, Morera E, Nalli M, Di Marzo V. Tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives targeting fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012. [PMID: 23206861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of twenty-five derivatives of tetrahydro-β-carbolines 1-3 was synthesized and assayed on FAAH and TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels. Four carbamates, that is, 5a,c,e, and 9b inhibited FAAH with significant potency and interacted also effectively with TRPV1 and TRPA1 nociceptive receptors, while ureas 7b,d,f, and 8a,b were endowed with specific submicromolar TRPV1 modulating activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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De Petrocellis L, Schiano Moriello A. 2-Amino-4-arylthiazole compounds as TRPA1 antagonists (WO 2012085662): a patent evaluation. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 23:119-47. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.736496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Ortar G, Morera L, Moriello AS, Morera E, Nalli M, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. Modulation of thermo-transient receptor potential (thermo-TRP) channels by thymol-based compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:3535-9. [PMID: 22503249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of thirty-three thymol, p-cymene-3-carboxylic acid, and 3-amino-p-cymene derivatives was synthesized and tested on TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV3 channels. Most of them acted as strong modulators of TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV3 channels with EC(50) and/or IC(50) values distinctly lower than those of thymol and related monoterpenoids. Some of the compounds examined, that is, 3c, 4e, f, 6b, and 8b exhibited an appreciable subtype-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy.
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De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Moriello AS, Allarà M, Bisogno T, Petrosino S, Stott CG, Di Marzo V. Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-enriched Cannabis extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 163:1479-94. [PMID: 21175579 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 593] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) interact with transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and enzymes of the endocannabinoid system. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of 11 pure cannabinoids and botanical extracts [botanical drug substance (BDS)] from Cannabis varieties selected to contain a more abundant cannabinoid, on TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPM8, TRPA1, human recombinant diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα), rat brain fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), COS cell monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), human recombinant N-acylethanolamine acid amide hydrolase (NAAA) and anandamide cellular uptake (ACU) by RBL-2H3 cells, were studied using fluorescence-based calcium assays in transfected cells and radiolabelled substrate-based enzymatic assays. Cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), the acids (CBDA, CBGA, THCA) and propyl homologues (CBDV, CBGV, THCV) of CBD, cannabigerol (CBG) and THC, and tetrahydrocannabivarin acid (THCVA) were also tested. KEY RESULTS CBD, CBG, CBGV and THCV stimulated and desensitized human TRPV1. CBC, CBD and CBN were potent rat TRPA1 agonists and desensitizers, but THCV-BDS was the most potent compound at this target. CBG-BDS and THCV-BDS were the most potent rat TRPM8 antagonists. All non-acid cannabinoids, except CBC and CBN, potently activated and desensitized rat TRPV2. CBDV and all the acids inhibited DAGLα. Some BDS, but not the pure compounds, inhibited MAGL. CBD was the only compound to inhibit FAAH, whereas the BDS of CBC > CBG > CBGV inhibited NAAA. CBC = CBG > CBD inhibited ACU, as did the BDS of THCVA, CBGV, CBDA and THCA, but the latter extracts were more potent inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results are relevant to the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects of cannabinoids and Cannabis extracts.
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De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Moriello AS, Allarà M, Bisogno T, Petrosino S, Stott CG, Di Marzo V. Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-enriched Cannabis extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes. Br J Pharmacol 2011. [PMID: 21175579 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.0166.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) interact with transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and enzymes of the endocannabinoid system. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of 11 pure cannabinoids and botanical extracts [botanical drug substance (BDS)] from Cannabis varieties selected to contain a more abundant cannabinoid, on TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPM8, TRPA1, human recombinant diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα), rat brain fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), COS cell monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), human recombinant N-acylethanolamine acid amide hydrolase (NAAA) and anandamide cellular uptake (ACU) by RBL-2H3 cells, were studied using fluorescence-based calcium assays in transfected cells and radiolabelled substrate-based enzymatic assays. Cannabinol (CBN), cannabichromene (CBC), the acids (CBDA, CBGA, THCA) and propyl homologues (CBDV, CBGV, THCV) of CBD, cannabigerol (CBG) and THC, and tetrahydrocannabivarin acid (THCVA) were also tested. KEY RESULTS CBD, CBG, CBGV and THCV stimulated and desensitized human TRPV1. CBC, CBD and CBN were potent rat TRPA1 agonists and desensitizers, but THCV-BDS was the most potent compound at this target. CBG-BDS and THCV-BDS were the most potent rat TRPM8 antagonists. All non-acid cannabinoids, except CBC and CBN, potently activated and desensitized rat TRPV2. CBDV and all the acids inhibited DAGLα. Some BDS, but not the pure compounds, inhibited MAGL. CBD was the only compound to inhibit FAAH, whereas the BDS of CBC > CBG > CBGV inhibited NAAA. CBC = CBG > CBD inhibited ACU, as did the BDS of THCVA, CBGV, CBDA and THCA, but the latter extracts were more potent inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results are relevant to the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects of cannabinoids and Cannabis extracts.
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De Petrocellis L, Guida F, Moriello AS, De Chiaro M, Piscitelli F, de Novellis V, Maione S, Di Marzo V. N-palmitoyl-vanillamide (palvanil) is a non-pungent analogue of capsaicin with stronger desensitizing capability against the TRPV1 receptor and anti-hyperalgesic activity. Pharmacol Res 2011; 63:294-9. [PMID: 21215315 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
N-acyl-vanillamide (NAVAM) analogues of the natural pungent principle of capsicum, capsaicin, were developed several years ago as potential non-pungent analgesic compounds. N-oleoyl-vanillamide (olvanil) and N-arachidonoy-vanillamide (arvanil), in particular, were described in several publications and patents to behave as potent anti-hyperalgesic compounds in experimental models of chronic and inflammatory pain, and to activate both "capsaicin receptors", i.e. the transient receptor potential of vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channel, and, either directly or indirectly, cannabinoid receptors of type-1. Here we report the biochemical and pharmacological characterization of a so far neglected NAVAM, N-palmitoyl-vanillamide (palvanil), and propose its possible use instead of capsaicin, as a possible topical analgesic. Palvanil exhibited a kinetics of activation of human recombinant TRPV1-mediated intracellular calcium elevation significantly slower than that of capsaicin (t(1/2)=21s and 8s, respectively at 1μM). Slow kinetics of TRPV1 agonists were previously found to be associated with stronger potencies as TRPV1 desensitizing agents, which in turn are usually associated with lower pungency and stronger anti-hyperalgesic activity. Accordingly, palvanil desensitized the human recombinant TRPV1 to the effect of capsaicin (10nM) with significantly higher potency than capsaicin (IC(50)=0.8nM and 3.8nM, respectively), this effect reaching its maximum more rapidly (50 and 250min, respectively). Palvanil was also more potent than capsaicin at desensitizing the stimulatory effect of TRPV1 by low pH together with anandamide, which mimics conditions occurring during inflammation. In the eye-wiping assay carried out in mice, palvanil was not pungent and instead caused a strong and long-lasting inhibition of capsaicin-induced eye-wiping. Finally, intraplantar palvanil inhibited the second phase of the nociceptive response to formalin in mice. In conclusion, palvanil appears to be a non-pungent analogue of capsaicin with stronger desensitizing effects on TRPV1 and hence potentially higher anti-hyperalgesic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Cybernetics - CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
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Ortar G, Petrocellis LD, Morera L, Moriello AS, Orlando P, Morera E, Nalli M, Marzo VD. (−)-Menthylamine derivatives as potent and selective antagonists of transient receptor potential melastatin type-8 (TRPM8) channels. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2729-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ligresti A, De Petrocellis L, Hernán Pérez de la Ossa D, Aberturas R, Cristino L, Moriello AS, Finizio A, Gil M, Torres AI, Molpeceres J, Di Marzo V. Exploiting nanotechnologies and TRPV1 channels to investigate the putative anandamide membrane transporter. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10239. [PMID: 20422025 PMCID: PMC2858646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Considerable efforts have been made to characterize the pathways regulating the extracellular levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide. However, none of such pathways has been so argued as the existence of a carrier-mediated transport of anandamide across the membrane. Apart from the lack of molecular evidence for such a carrier, the main reasons of this controversy lie in the methodologies currently used to study anandamide cellular uptake. Furthermore, the main evidence in favor of the existence of an “anandamide transporter” relies on synthetic inhibitors of this process, the selectivity of which has been questioned. Methodology/Principal Findings We used the cytosolic binding site for anandamide on TRPV1 channels as a biosensor to detect anandamide entry into cells, and exploited nanotechnologies to study anandamide membrane transport into intact TRPV1-overexpressing HEK-293 cells. Both fluorescence and digital holographic (DH) quantitative phase microscopy were used to study TRPV1 activation. Poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles (PCL-NPs) were used to incorporate anandamide, which could thus enter the cell and activate TRPV1 channels bypassing any possible specific protein(s) involved in the uptake process. We reasoned that in the absence of such protein(s), pharmacological tools previously shown to inhibit the “anandamide transporter” would affect in the same way the uptake of anandamide and PCL-NP-anandamide, and hence the activation of TRPV1. However, when masked into PCL-NPs, anandamide cellular uptake became much less sensitive to these agents, although it maintained the same pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics as that of “free” anandamide. Conclusions We found here that several agents previously reported to inhibit anandamide cellular uptake lose their efficacy when anandamide is prevented from interacting directly with plasma membrane proteins, thus arguing in favor of the specificity of such agents for the putative “anandamide transporter”, and of the existence of such mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ligresti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Pozzuoli and Naples, Italy
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Pozzuoli and Naples, Italy
- Institute of Cybernetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Aberturas
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Pozzuoli and Naples, Italy
- Institute of Cybernetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Pozzuoli and Naples, Italy
- Institute of Cybernetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Finizio
- Institute of Cybernetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Mª.Esther Gil
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana-Isabel Torres
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Molpeceres
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Pozzuoli and Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Morera E, De Petrocellis L, Morera L, Moriello AS, Ligresti A, Nalli M, Woodward DF, Di Marzo V, Ortar G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of piperazinyl carbamates and ureas as fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel dual ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6806-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Marini P, Moriello AS, Cristino L, Palmery M, De Petrocellis L, Di Marzo V. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor elevation of intracellular calcium in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: Interactions with muscarinic and δ-opioid receptors. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 2009; 1793:1289-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Bassoli A, Borgonovo G, Caimi S, Scaglioni L, Morini G, Moriello AS, Di Marzo V, De Petrocellis L. Taste-guided identification of high potency TRPA1 agonists from Perilla frutescens. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:1636-9. [PMID: 19162486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Perilla frutescens is a food plant widely used in Asian cuisine. This plant was investigated for its interesting taste and somatosensory properties. Perillaldehyde and perillaketone are among the components of the aromatic extracts from P. Frutescens. These compounds were shown here to activate the cloned TRPA1 channel when expressed in an heterologous cell system and are therefore suggested to be responsible for the chemesthetic properties of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bassoli
- DISMA, Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari Agroalimentari, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Ortar G, Schiano Moriello A, Cascio MG, De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Morera E, Nalli M, Di Marzo V. New tetrazole-based selective anandamide uptake inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2820-4. [PMID: 18424134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 1,5- and 2,5-disubstituted tetrazoles have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of anandamide cellular uptake. Some of them inhibit the uptake process with a relatively high potency (IC(50)=2.3-5.1microM) and selectively over other proteins involved in endocannabinoid action and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Ortar
- Dipartimento di Studi Farmaceutici, Sapienza Università di Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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