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Soch J, Richter A, Kizilirmak JM, Schütze H, Ziegler G, Altenstein S, Brosseron F, Dechent P, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Glanz W, Gref D, Heneka MT, Hetzer S, Incesoy EI, Kilimann I, Kimmich O, Kleineidam L, Kuhn E, Laske C, Lohse A, Lüsebrink F, Munk MH, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Ramirez A, Roeske S, Rostamzadeh A, Roy-Kluth N, Scheffler K, Schmid M, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Jessen F, Wagner M, Düzel E, Schott BH. Single-value brain activity scores reflect both severity and risk across the Alzheimer's continuum. Brain 2024:awae149. [PMID: 38743817 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-value scores reflecting the deviation from (FADE score) or similarity with (SAME score) prototypical novelty-related and memory-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation patterns in young adults have been proposed as imaging biomarkers of healthy neurocognitive aging. Here, we tested the utility of these scores as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and risk states like mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or subjective cognitive decline (SCD). To this end, we analyzed subsequent memory fMRI data from individuals with SCD, MCI, and AD dementia as well as healthy controls (HC) and first-degree relatives of AD dementia patients (AD-rel) who participated in the multi-center DELCODE study (N = 468). Based on the individual participants' whole-brain fMRI novelty and subsequent memory responses, we calculated the FADE and SAME scores and assessed their association with AD risk stage, neuropsychological test scores, CSF amyloid positivity, and ApoE genotype. Memory-based FADE and SAME scores showed a considerably larger deviation from a reference sample of young adults in the MCI and AD dementia groups compared to HC, SCD and AD-rel. In addition, novelty-based scores significantly differed between the MCI and AD dementia groups. Across the entire sample, single-value scores correlated with neuropsychological test performance. The novelty-based SAME score further differed between Aβ-positive and Aβ-negative individuals in SCD and AD-rel, and between ApoE ε4 carriers and non-carriers in AD-rel. Hence, FADE and SAME scores are associated with both cognitive performance and individual risk factors for AD. Their potential utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers warrants further exploration, particularly in individuals with SCD and healthy relatives of AD dementia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joram Soch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (BCCN), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences (MPI CBS), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin M Kizilirmak
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), 30159 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daria Gref
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Okka Kimmich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Kuhn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Lüsebrink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Köln, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy-Kluth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Köln, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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Liebscher M, Dell’Orco A, Doll-Lee J, Buerger K, Dechent P, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Glanz W, Hetzer S, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Lüsebrink F, Munk M, Perneczky R, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Rauchmann B, Rostamzadeh A, Roy-Kluth N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Schott BH, Spottke A, Spruth E, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Jessen F, Düzel E, Wagner M, Röske S, Wirth M. Short communication: Lifetime musical activity and resting-state functional connectivity in cognitive networks. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299939. [PMID: 38696395 PMCID: PMC11065262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in multimodal leisure activities, such as playing a musical instrument, may be protective against brain aging and dementia in older adults (OA). Potential neuroprotective correlates underlying musical activity remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the association between lifetime musical activity and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in three higher-order brain networks: the Default Mode, Fronto-Parietal, and Salience networks. METHODS We assessed 130 cognitively unimpaired participants (≥ 60 years) from the baseline cohort of the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study. Lifetime musical activity was operationalized by the self-reported participation in musical instrument playing across early, middle, and late life stages using the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ). Participants who reported musical activity during all life stages (n = 65) were compared to controls who were matched on demographic and reserve characteristics (including education, intelligence, socioeconomic status, self-reported physical activity, age, and sex) and never played a musical instrument (n = 65) in local (seed-to-voxel) and global (within-network and between-network) RSFC patterns using pre-specified network seeds. RESULTS Older participants with lifetime musical activity showed significantly higher local RSFC between the medial prefrontal cortex (Default Mode Network seed) and temporal as well as frontal regions, namely the right temporal pole and the right precentral gyrus extending into the superior frontal gyrus, compared to matched controls. There were no significant group differences in global RSFC within or between the three networks. CONCLUSION We show that playing a musical instrument during life relates to higher RSFC of the medial prefrontal cortex with distant brain regions involved in higher-order cognitive and motor processes. Preserved or enhanced functional connectivity could potentially contribute to better brain health and resilience in OA with a history in musical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00007966, 04/05/2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxie Liebscher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Dell’Orco
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Doll-Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, MR-Research in Neurosciences, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Falk Lüsebrink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy-Kluth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Björn H. Schott
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
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3
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Ye L, Greten S, Wegner F, Doll-Lee J, Krey L, Heine J, Gandor F, Vogel A, Berger L, Gruber D, Levin J, Katzdobler S, Peters O, Dashti E, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Kühn AA, Krause P, Spottke A, Schneider A, Beyle A, Kimmich O, Donix M, Haussmann R, Brandt M, Dinter E, Wiltfang J, Schott BH, Zerr I, Bähr M, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Weidinger E, Düzel E, Glanz W, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Wurster I, Brockmann K, Hoffmann DC, Klockgether T, Krause O, Heck J, Höglinger GU, Klietz M. The comorbidity profiles and medication issues of patients with multiple system atrophy: a systematic cross-sectional analysis. J Neurol 2024; 271:2639-2648. [PMID: 38353748 PMCID: PMC11055732 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a complex and fatal neurodegenerative movement disorder. Understanding the comorbidities and drug therapy is crucial for MSA patients' safety and management. OBJECTIVES To investigate the pattern of comorbidities and aspects of drug therapy in MSA patients. METHODS Cross-sectional data of MSA patients according to Gilman et al. (2008) diagnostic criteria and control patients without neurodegenerative diseases (non-ND) were collected from German, multicenter cohorts. The prevalence of comorbidities according to WHO ICD-10 classification and drugs administered according to WHO ATC system were analyzed. Potential drug-drug interactions were identified using AiDKlinik®. RESULTS The analysis included 254 MSA and 363 age- and sex-matched non-ND control patients. MSA patients exhibited a significantly higher burden of comorbidities, in particular diseases of the genitourinary system. Also, more medications were prescribed MSA patients, resulting in a higher prevalence of polypharmacy. Importantly, the risk of potential drug-drug interactions, including severe interactions and contraindicated combinations, was elevated in MSA patients. When comparing MSA-P and MSA-C subtypes, MSA-P patients suffered more frequently from diseases of the genitourinary system and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. CONCLUSIONS MSA patients face a substantial burden of comorbidities, notably in the genitourinary system. This, coupled with increased polypharmacy and potential drug interactions, highlights the complexity of managing MSA patients. Clinicians should carefully consider these factors when devising treatment strategies for MSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ye
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Greten
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna Doll-Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lea Krey
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanne Heine
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florin Gandor
- Neurologisches Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen/Parkinson, Kliniken Beelitz, 14547, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Annemarie Vogel
- Neurologisches Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen/Parkinson, Kliniken Beelitz, 14547, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Luise Berger
- Neurologisches Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen/Parkinson, Kliniken Beelitz, 14547, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Doreen Gruber
- Neurologisches Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen/Parkinson, Kliniken Beelitz, 14547, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eman Dashti
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Krause
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aline Beyle
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Okka Kimmich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Donix
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Haussmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Moritz Brandt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Dinter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Endy Weidinger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock-Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock-Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Isabel Wurster
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Klockgether
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olaf Krause
- DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift and Department of General Medicine and Palliative Care, Center for Medicine of the Elderly, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Geriatric Medicine, Hospital DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Schwe-Mannstrasse 19, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Heck
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Dörner M, Seebach K, Heneka MT, Menze I, von Känel R, Euler S, Schreiber F, Arndt P, Neumann K, Hildebrand A, John AC, Tyndall A, Kirchebner J, Tacik P, Jansen R, Grimm A, Henneicke S, Perosa V, Meuth SG, Peters O, Hellmann-Regen J, Preis L, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Jessen F, Rostamzadeh A, Glanz W, Schulze JB, Schiebler SLF, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy-Kluth N, Wagner M, Frommann I, Lüsebrink F, Dechent P, Hetzer S, Scheffler K, Kleineidam L, Stark M, Schmid M, Ersözlü E, Brosseron F, Ewers M, Schott BH, Düzel E, Ziegler G, Mattern H, Schreiber S, Bernal J. Inferior Frontal Sulcal Hyperintensities on Brain MRI Are Associated with Amyloid Positivity beyond Age-Results from the Multicentre Observational DELCODE Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:940. [PMID: 38732354 PMCID: PMC11083612 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities (IFSHs) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences have been proposed to be indicative of glymphatic dysfunction. Replication studies in large and diverse samples are nonetheless needed to confirm them as an imaging biomarker. We investigated whether IFSHs were tied to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive performance. We used data from 361 participants along the AD continuum, who were enrolled in the multicentre DELCODE study. The IFSHs were rated visually based on FLAIR magnetic resonance imaging. We performed ordinal regression to examine the relationship between the IFSHs and cerebrospinal fluid-derived amyloid positivity and tau positivity (Aβ42/40 ratio ≤ 0.08; pTau181 ≥ 73.65 pg/mL) and linear regression to examine the relationship between cognitive performance (i.e., Mini-Mental State Examination and global cognitive and domain-specific performance) and the IFSHs. We controlled the models for age, sex, years of education, and history of hypertension. The IFSH scores were higher in those participants with amyloid positivity (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.05-3.59) but not tau positivity (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.57-2.18). The IFSH scores were higher in older participants (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.00-1.10) and lower in males compared to females (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.26-0.76). We did not find sufficient evidence linking the IFSH scores with cognitive performance after correcting for demographics and AD biomarker positivity. IFSHs may reflect the aberrant accumulation of amyloid β beyond age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dörner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (R.v.K.); (S.E.); (J.B.S.); (S.L.F.S.)
| | - Katharina Seebach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg;
| | - Inga Menze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (R.v.K.); (S.E.); (J.B.S.); (S.L.F.S.)
| | - Sebastian Euler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (R.v.K.); (S.E.); (J.B.S.); (S.L.F.S.)
| | - Frank Schreiber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
| | - Philipp Arndt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
| | - Katja Neumann
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
| | - Annkatrin Hildebrand
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
| | - Anna-Charlotte John
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
| | - Anthony Tyndall
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Johannes Kirchebner
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Pawel Tacik
- Department of Parkinson’s Disease, Sleep and Movement Disorders, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Robin Jansen
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (R.J.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Alexander Grimm
- Center for Neurology, Tuebingen University Hospital and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Solveig Henneicke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
| | - Valentina Perosa
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (R.J.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (O.P.); (J.H.-R.); (J.P.); (E.J.S.); (E.E.)
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14129 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Julian Hellmann-Regen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (O.P.); (J.H.-R.); (J.P.); (E.J.S.); (E.E.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14129 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (O.P.); (J.H.-R.); (J.P.); (E.J.S.); (E.E.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (O.P.); (J.H.-R.); (J.P.); (E.J.S.); (E.E.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cognitive Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cognitive Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (J.W.); (B.H.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany;
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Jan Ben Schulze
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (R.v.K.); (S.E.); (J.B.S.); (S.L.F.S.)
| | - Sarah Lavinia Florence Schiebler
- Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (R.v.K.); (S.E.); (J.B.S.); (S.L.F.S.)
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 81377 Munich, Germany; (K.B.); (R.P.); (M.E.)
- Institute of Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute of Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 81377 Munich, Germany; (K.B.); (R.P.); (M.E.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (S.T.); (I.K.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (S.T.); (I.K.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (M.H.M.)
- Section for Dementia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H. Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (M.H.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy-Kluth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cognitive Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cognitive Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Falk Lüsebrink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, 37073 Gottingen, Germany;
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 14129 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cognitive Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Melina Stark
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cognitive Disorders and Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ersin Ersözlü
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (O.P.); (J.H.-R.); (J.P.); (E.J.S.); (E.E.)
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14129 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (A.S.); (K.F.); (F.J.); (A.S.); (N.R.-K.); (M.W.); (I.F.); (L.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 81377 Munich, Germany; (K.B.); (R.P.); (M.E.)
- Institute of Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Björn H. Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; (J.W.); (B.H.S.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Mattern
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Center for Behavioural Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schreiber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.N.); (A.H.); (A.-C.J.)
- Center for Behavioural Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jose Bernal
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) within the Helmholtz Association, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (K.S.); (I.M.); (F.S.); (P.A.); (S.H.); (W.G.); (F.L.); (E.D.); (G.Z.); (H.M.); (S.S.); (J.B.)
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Baumeister H, Vogel JW, Insel PS, Kleineidam L, Wolfsgruber S, Stark M, Gellersen HM, Yakupov R, Schmid MC, Lüsebrink F, Brosseron F, Ziegler G, Freiesleben SD, Preis L, Schneider LS, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Lohse A, Fliessbach K, Vogt IR, Bartels C, Schott BH, Rostamzadeh A, Glanz W, Incesoy EI, Butryn M, Janowitz D, Rauchmann BS, Kilimann I, Goerss D, Munk MH, Hetzer S, Dechent P, Ewers M, Scheffler K, Wuestefeld A, Strandberg O, van Westen D, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Janelidze S, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, Spottke A, Laske C, Teipel S, Perneczky R, Buerger K, Schneider A, Priller J, Peters O, Ramirez A, Wiltfang J, Heneka MT, Wagner M, Düzel E, Jessen F, Hansson O, Berron D. A generalizable data-driven model of atrophy heterogeneity and progression in memory clinic settings. Brain 2024:awae118. [PMID: 38654513 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory clinic patients are a heterogeneous population representing various aetiologies of pathological aging. It is unknown if divergent spatiotemporal progression patterns of brain atrophy, as previously described in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, are prevalent and clinically meaningful in this group of older adults. To uncover distinct atrophy subtypes, we applied the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) algorithm to baseline structural MRI data from 813 participants enrolled in the DELCODE cohort (mean ± SD age = 70.67 ± 6.07 years, 52% females). Participants were cognitively unimpaired (CU; n = 285) or fulfilled diagnostic criteria for subjective cognitive decline (SCD; n = 342), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 118), or dementia of the Alzheimer's type (n = 68). Atrophy subtypes were compared in baseline demographics, fluid AD biomarker levels, the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC-5), as well as episodic memory and executive functioning. PACC-5 trajectories over up to 240 weeks were examined. To test if baseline atrophy subtype and stage predicted clinical trajectories before manifest cognitive impairment, we analysed PACC-5 trajectories and MCI conversion rates of CU and SCD participants. Limbic-predominant and hippocampal-sparing atrophy subtypes were identified. Limbic-predominant atrophy first affected the medial temporal lobes, followed by further temporal and, finally, the remaining cortical regions. At baseline, this subtype was related to older age, more pathological AD biomarker levels, APOE ε4 carriership, and an amnestic cognitive impairment. Hippocampal-sparing atrophy initially occurred outside the temporal lobe with the medial temporal lobe spared up to advanced atrophy stages. This atrophy pattern also affected individuals with positive AD biomarkers and was associated with more generalised cognitive impairment. Limbic-predominant atrophy, in all and in only unimpaired participants, was linked to more negative longitudinal PACC-5 slopes than observed in participants without or with hippocampal-sparing atrophy and increased the risk of MCI conversion. SuStaIn modelling was repeated in a sample from the Swedish BioFINDER-2 cohort. Highly similar atrophy progression patterns and associated cognitive profiles were identified. Cross-cohort model generalizability, both on the subject and group level, were excellent, indicating reliable performance in previously unseen data. The proposed model is a promising tool for capturing heterogeneity among older adults at early at-risk states for AD in applied settings. The implementation of atrophy subtype- and stage-specific end-points may increase the statistical power of pharmacological trials targeting early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Baumeister
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Philip S Insel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 94143, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melina Stark
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Helena M Gellersen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias C Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Falk Lüsebrink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Silka D Freiesleben
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa-Sophie Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike J Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ina R Vogt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Butryn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, S10 2HQ, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Neuroradiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 18147, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 18147, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anika Wuestefeld
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Strandberg
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Diagnostic Radiology, Institution of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 211 84, Lund, Sweden
- Image and Function, Skåne University Hospital, 211 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 211 84, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 18147, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80336, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, EH16 4SB, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, 78229, San Antonio, TX, US
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 4362, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - David Berron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
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6
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Deike K, Decker A, Scheyhing P, Harten J, Zimmermann N, Paech D, Peters O, Freiesleben SD, Schneider LS, Preis L, Priller J, Spruth E, Altenstein S, Lohse A, Fliessbach K, Kimmich O, Wiltfang J, Bartels C, Hansen N, Jessen F, Rostamzadeh A, Düzel E, Glanz W, Incesoy EI, Butryn M, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Ewers M, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Goerss D, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Wagner M, Roeske S, Heneka MT, Brosseron F, Ramirez A, Dobisch L, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Yakupov R, Stark M, Schmid MC, Berger M, Hetzer S, Dechent P, Scheffler K, Petzold GC, Schneider A, Effland A, Radbruch A. Machine Learning-Based Perivascular Space Volumetry in Alzheimer Disease. Invest Radiol 2024:00004424-990000000-00211. [PMID: 38652067 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impaired perivascular clearance has been suggested as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, it remains unresolved when the anatomy of the perivascular space (PVS) is altered during AD progression. Therefore, this study investigates the association between PVS volume and AD progression in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, both with and without subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and in those clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A convolutional neural network was trained using manually corrected, filter-based segmentations (n = 1000) to automatically segment the PVS in the centrum semiovale from interpolated, coronal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans (n = 894). These scans were sourced from the national German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study. Convolutional neural network-based segmentations and those performed by a human rater were compared in terms of segmentation volume, identified PVS clusters, as well as Dice score. The comparison revealed good segmentation quality (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.70 with P < 0.0001 for PVS volume, detection rate in cluster analysis = 84.3%, and Dice score = 59.0%). Subsequent multivariate linear regression analysis, adjusted for participants' age, was performed to correlate PVS volume with clinical diagnoses, disease progression, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, lifestyle factors, and cognitive function. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery, and the Cognitive Subscale of the 13-Item Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale. RESULTS Multivariate analysis, adjusted for age, revealed that participants with AD and MCI, but not those with SCD, had significantly higher PVS volumes compared with CU participants without SCD (P = 0.001 for each group). Furthermore, CU participants who developed incident MCI within 4.5 years after the baseline assessment showed significantly higher PVS volumes at baseline compared with those who did not progress to MCI (P = 0.03). Cognitive function was negatively correlated with PVS volume across all participant groups (P ≤ 0.005 for each). No significant correlation was found between PVS volume and any of the following parameters: cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, sleep quality, body mass index, nicotine consumption, or alcohol abuse. CONCLUSIONS The very early changes of PVS volume may suggest that alterations in PVS function are involved in the pathophysiology of AD. Overall, the volumetric assessment of centrum semiovale PVS represents a very early imaging biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Deike
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany (K.D., A.D., K.F., O.K., F.J., Annika Spottke, N.R., M.W., S.R., M.T.H., F.B., Alfredo Ramirez, S.W., L.K., M.S., M.C.S., G.C.P., Anja Schneider, Alexander Radbruch); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany (K.D., P.S., D.P., Alexander Radbruch); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany (J.H., N.Z., K.F., M.W., Alfredo Ramirez, S.W., L.K., Anja Schneider); Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (D.P.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany (O.P., S.D.F., J.P., E.S., S.A.); Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (O.P., S.D.F., L.-S.S., L.P.); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany (J.P., E.S., S.A., A.L.); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany (J.P.); University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (J.P.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany (J.W.); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany (J.W., C.B., N.H.); Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal (J.W.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (F.J., Ayda Rostamzadeh); Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany (F.J., Alfredo Ramirez); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany (E.D., W.G., E.I.I., Michaela Butryn, L.D., R.Y.); Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany (E.D., W.G., E.I.I., Michaela Butryn); Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany (E.I.I.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany (K.B., M.E., R.P.); Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, LMU Munich, Germany (K.B., D.J., M.E.); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich, Germany (R.P., B.-S.R.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany (R.P.); Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (R.P.); Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom (R.P., B.-S.R.); Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany (B.-S.R.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany (S.T., I.K., D.G.); Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany (S.T., I.K., D.G.); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany (C.L., M.H.M.); Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen, Germany (C.L.); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen Germany (M.H.M.); Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Annika Spottke); Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Cologne, Germany (Alfredo Ramirez); Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX (Alfredo Ramirez); Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany (M.C.S., Moritz Berger); Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (S.H.); MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Göttingen, Germany (P.D.); Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (K.S.); Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany (G.C.P.); and Institute for Applied Mathematics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (A.E.)
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7
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Ruiz-Rizzo AL, Finke K, Damoiseaux JS, Bartels C, Buerger K, Cosma NC, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Frommann I, Glanz W, Goerss D, Hetzer S, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, van Lent DM, Munk MHJ, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Rostamzadeh A, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Yakupov R, Jessen F, Duezel E, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS. Fornix fractional anisotropy mediates the association between Mediterranean diet adherence and memory four years later in older adults without dementia. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 136:99-110. [PMID: 38340637 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, we investigated whether fractional anisotropy (FA) of hippocampus-relevant white-matter tracts mediates the association between baseline Mediterranean diet adherence (MeDiAd) and verbal episodic memory over four years. Participants were healthy older adults with and without subjective cognitive decline and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment from the DELCODE cohort study (n = 376; age: 71.47 ± 6.09 years; 48.7 % female). MeDiAd and diffusion data were obtained at baseline. Verbal episodic memory was assessed at baseline and four yearly follow-ups. The associations between baseline MeDiAd and white matter, and verbal episodic memory's mean and rate of change over four years were tested with latent growth curve modeling. Baseline MeDiAd was associated with verbal episodic memory four years later (95 % confidence interval, CI [0.01, 0.32]) but not with its rate of change over this period. Baseline Fornix FA mediated - and, thus, explained - that association (95 % CI [0.002, 0.09]). Fornix FA may be an appropriate response biomarker of Mediterranean diet interventions on verbal memory in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana L Ruiz-Rizzo
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology Unit, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Finke
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology Unit, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica S Damoiseaux
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicoleta Carmen Cosma
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Matthias H J Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany; School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Duezel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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8
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Blömeke L, Rehn F, Kraemer‐Schulien V, Kutzsche J, Pils M, Bujnicki T, Lewczuk P, Kornhuber J, Freiesleben SD, Schneider L, Preis L, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Lohse A, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Hansen N, Rostamzadeh A, Düzel E, Glanz W, Incesoy EI, Butryn M, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Ewers M, Perneczky R, Rauchmann B, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Goerss D, Laske C, Munk MH, Sanzenbacher C, Spottke A, Roy‐Kluth N, Heneka MT, Brosseron F, Wagner M, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Stark M, Schmid M, Jessen F, Bannach O, Willbold D, Peters O. Aβ oligomers peak in early stages of Alzheimer's disease preceding tau pathology. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2024; 16:e12589. [PMID: 38666085 PMCID: PMC11044868 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soluble amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers have been suggested as initiating Aβ related neuropathologic change in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but their quantitative distribution and chronological sequence within the AD continuum remain unclear. METHODS A total of 526 participants in early clinical stages of AD and controls from a longitudinal cohort were neurobiologically classified for amyloid and tau pathology applying the AT(N) system. Aβ and tau oligomers in the quantified cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured using surface-based fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (sFIDA) technology. RESULTS Across groups, highest Aβ oligomer levels were found in A+ with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. Aβ oligomers were significantly higher in A+T- compared to A-T- and A+T+. APOE ε4 allele carriers showed significantly higher Aβ oligomer levels. No differences in tau oligomers were detected. DISCUSSION The accumulation of Aβ oligomers in the CSF peaks early within the AD continuum, preceding tau pathology. Disease-modifying treatments targeting Aβ oligomers might have the highest therapeutic effect in these disease stages. Highlights Using surface-based fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (sFIDA) technology, we quantified Aβ oligomers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (DELCODE) cohortAβ oligomers were significantly elevated in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)Amyloid-positive subjects in the subjective cognitive decline (SCD) group increased compared to the amyloid-negative control groupInterestingly, levels of Aβ oligomers decrease at advanced stages of the disease (A+T+), which might be explained by altered clearing mechanisms.
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9
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Berron D, Glanz W, Clark L, Basche K, Grande X, Güsten J, Billette OV, Hempen I, Naveed MH, Diersch N, Butryn M, Spottke A, Buerger K, Perneczky R, Schneider A, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Johnson S, Wagner M, Jessen F, Düzel E. A remote digital memory composite to detect cognitive impairment in memory clinic samples in unsupervised settings using mobile devices. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:79. [PMID: 38532080 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-00999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Remote monitoring of cognition holds the promise to facilitate case-finding in clinical care and the individual detection of cognitive impairment in clinical and research settings. In the context of Alzheimer's disease, this is particularly relevant for patients who seek medical advice due to memory problems. Here, we develop a remote digital memory composite (RDMC) score from an unsupervised remote cognitive assessment battery focused on episodic memory and long-term recall and assess its construct validity, retest reliability, and diagnostic accuracy when predicting MCI-grade impairment in a memory clinic sample and healthy controls. A total of 199 participants were recruited from three cohorts and included as healthy controls (n = 97), individuals with subjective cognitive decline (n = 59), or patients with mild cognitive impairment (n = 43). Participants performed cognitive assessments in a fully remote and unsupervised setting via a smartphone app. The derived RDMC score is significantly correlated with the PACC5 score across participants and demonstrates good retest reliability. Diagnostic accuracy for discriminating memory impairment from no impairment is high (cross-validated AUC = 0.83, 95% CI [0.66, 0.99]) with a sensitivity of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.72. Thus, unsupervised remote cognitive assessments implemented in the neotiv digital platform show good discrimination between cognitively impaired and unimpaired individuals, further demonstrating that it is feasible to complement the neuropsychological assessment of episodic memory with unsupervised and remote assessments on mobile devices. This contributes to recent efforts to implement remote assessment of episodic memory for case-finding and monitoring in large research studies and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Berron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
- neotiv GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lindsay Clark
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, US
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kristin Basche
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, US
| | - Xenia Grande
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jeremie Güsten
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Michaela Butryn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sterling Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, US
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany.
- neotiv GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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10
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Martinelli F, Heinken A, Henning AK, Ulmer MA, Hensen T, González A, Arnold M, Asthana S, Budde K, Engelman CD, Estaki M, Grabe HJ, Heston MB, Johnson S, Kastenmüller G, Martino C, McDonald D, Rey FE, Kilimann I, Peters O, Wang X, Spruth EJ, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Hansen N, Glanz W, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Nauck M, Teipel S, Knight R, Kaddurah-Daouk RF, Bendlin BB, Hertel J, Thiele I. Whole-body metabolic modelling reveals microbiome and genomic interactions on reduced urine formate levels in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6095. [PMID: 38480804 PMCID: PMC10937638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to understand the potential role of the gut microbiome in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We took a multi-faceted approach to investigate this relationship. Urine metabolomics were examined in individuals with AD and controls, revealing decreased formate and fumarate concentrations in AD. Additionally, we utilised whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data obtained from a separate group of individuals with AD and controls. This information allowed us to create and investigate host-microbiome personalised whole-body metabolic models. Notably, AD individuals displayed diminished formate microbial secretion in these models. Additionally, we identified specific reactions responsible for the production of formate in the host, and interestingly, these reactions were linked to genes that have correlations with AD. This study suggests formate as a possible early AD marker and highlights genetic and microbiome contributions to its production. The reduced formate secretion and its genetic associations point to a complex connection between gut microbiota and AD. This holistic understanding might pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Martinelli
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- The Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Almut Heinken
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- The Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Inserm UMRS 1256 NGERE, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Ann-Kristin Henning
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maria A Ulmer
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tim Hensen
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- The Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Antonio González
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Kathrin Budde
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Corinne D Engelman
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mehrbod Estaki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hans-Jörgen Grabe
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
| | - Margo B Heston
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Sterling Johnson
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cameron Martino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Olive Peters
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Barbara B Bendlin
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - Johannes Hertel
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Ines Thiele
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- The Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- School of Microbiology, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
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11
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Upadhyay N, Spottke A, Schneider A, Hoffmann DC, Frommann I, Ballarini T, Fliessbach K, Bender B, Heekeren HR, Haynes JD, Ewers M, Düzel E, Glanz W, Dobisch L, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Levin J, Danek A, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Synofzik M, Wilke C, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Jessen F, Boecker H. Fronto-striatal alterations correlate with apathy severity in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:66-72. [PMID: 37855956 PMCID: PMC10844138 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Structural and functional changes in cortical and subcortical regions have been reported in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), however, a multimodal approach may provide deeper insights into the neural correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms. In this multicenter study, we measured cortical thickness (CTh) and subcortical volumes to identify structural abnormalities in 37 bvFTD patients, and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. For seed regions with significant structural changes, whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) was examined in a sub-cohort of N = 22 bvFTD and N = 22 matched control subjects to detect complementary alterations in brain network organization. To explore the functional significance of the observed structural and functional deviations, correlations with clinical and neuropsychological outcomes were tested where available. Significantly decreased CTh was observed in the bvFTD group in caudal middle frontal gyrus, left pars opercularis, bilateral superior frontal and bilateral middle temporal gyrus along with subcortical volume reductions in bilateral basal ganglia, thalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging showed decreased FC in bvFTD between: dorsal striatum and left caudal middle frontal gyrus; putamen and fronto-parietal regions; pallidum and cerebellum. Conversely, bvFTD showed increased FC between: left middle temporal gyrus and paracingulate gyrus; caudate nucleus and insula; amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus. Additionally, cortical thickness in caudal, lateral and superior frontal regions as well as caudate nucleus volume correlated negatively with apathy severity scores of the Neuropsychiatry Inventory Questionnaire. In conclusion, multimodal structural and functional imaging indicates that fronto-striatal regions have a considerable influence on the severity of apathy in bvFTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Upadhyay
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
- Clinical Functional Imaging Lab, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Annika Spottke
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel C Hoffmann
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tommaso Ballarini
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bender
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hauke R Heekeren
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Danek
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carlo Wilke
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinical Functional Imaging Lab, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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12
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Greten S, Wegner F, Jensen I, Krey L, Rogozinski S, Fehring M, Heine J, Doll-Lee J, Pötter-Nerger M, Zeitzschel M, Hagena K, Pedrosa DJ, Eggers C, Bürk K, Trenkwalder C, Claus I, Warnecke T, Süß P, Winkler J, Gruber D, Gandor F, Berg D, Paschen S, Classen J, Pinkhardt EH, Kassubek J, Jost WH, Tönges L, Kühn AA, Schwarz J, Peters O, Dashti E, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Krause P, Spottke A, Schneider A, Beyle A, Kimmich O, Donix M, Haussmann R, Brandt M, Dinter E, Wiltfang J, Schott BH, Zerr I, Bähr M, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Weidinger E, Levin J, Katzdobler S, Düzel E, Glanz W, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Prudlo J, Gasser T, Brockmann K, Hoffmann DC, Klockgether T, Krause O, Heck J, Höglinger GU, Klietz M. The comorbidity and co-medication profile of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. J Neurol 2024; 271:782-793. [PMID: 37803149 PMCID: PMC10827866 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is usually diagnosed in elderly. Currently, little is known about comorbidities and the co-medication in these patients. OBJECTIVES To explore the pattern of comorbidities and co-medication in PSP patients according to the known different phenotypes and in comparison with patients without neurodegenerative disease. METHODS Cross-sectional data of PSP and patients without neurodegenerative diseases (non-ND) were collected from three German multicenter observational studies (DescribePSP, ProPSP and DANCER). The prevalence of comorbidities according to WHO ICD-10 classification and the prevalence of drugs administered according to WHO ATC system were analyzed. Potential drug-drug interactions were evaluated using AiDKlinik®. RESULTS In total, 335 PSP and 275 non-ND patients were included in this analysis. The prevalence of diseases of the circulatory and the nervous system was higher in PSP at first level of ICD-10. Dorsopathies, diabetes mellitus, other nutritional deficiencies and polyneuropathies were more frequent in PSP at second level of ICD-10. In particular, the summed prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was higher in PSP patients. More drugs were administered in the PSP group leading to a greater percentage of patients with polypharmacy. Accordingly, the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions was higher in PSP patients, especially severe and moderate interactions. CONCLUSIONS PSP patients possess a characteristic profile of comorbidities, particularly diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The eminent burden of comorbidities and resulting polypharmacy should be carefully considered when treating PSP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Greten
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ida Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lea Krey
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophia Rogozinski
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meret Fehring
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanne Heine
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johanna Doll-Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Monika Pötter-Nerger
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Molly Zeitzschel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Keno Hagena
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David J Pedrosa
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, 35043, BaldingerstraßeMarburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Department of Neurology, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bottrop, Osterfelder Str. 157, 46242, Bottrop, Germany
| | - Katrin Bürk
- Kliniken Schmieder Stuttgart-Gerlingen, Solitudestraße 20, 70839, Gerlingen, Germany
| | | | - Inga Claus
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tobias Warnecke
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Klinikum Osnabrueck-Academic Teaching Hospital of the WWU Muenster, Am Finkenhügel 1, 49076, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Patrick Süß
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schloßplatz 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schloßplatz 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Winkler
- Department of Molecular Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schloßplatz 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Center of Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schloßplatz 4, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Doreen Gruber
- Movement Disorders Hospital, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Straße Nach Fichtenwalde 16, 14547, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Florin Gandor
- Movement Disorders Hospital, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Straße Nach Fichtenwalde 16, 14547, Beelitz-Heilstätten, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Steffen Paschen
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joseph Classen
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Liebigstraße, 18, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elmar H Pinkhardt
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Oberer Eselsberg, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Jost
- Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau, Kreuzbergstraße 12, 77709, Wolfach, Germany
| | - Lars Tönges
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
- Protein Research Unit Ruhr (PURE), Neurodegeneration Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schwarz
- Department of Neurology, Klinik Haag I. OB, Krankenhausstraße 1, 84453, Mühldorf a. Inn, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eman Dashti
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Eike J Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Krause
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitépl. 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aline Beyle
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Okka Kimmich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Donix
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tatzberg 41, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Haussmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Moritz Brandt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tatzberg 41, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Dinter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tatzberg 41, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Exhibition Rd, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Endy Weidinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Katzdobler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätspl. 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Universitätspl. 2, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
- Clinic for Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147, Rostock-GreifswaldRostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147, Rostock-GreifswaldRostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Johannes Prudlo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147, Rostock-GreifswaldRostock, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Gasser
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 23, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 23, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel C Hoffmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Klockgether
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olaf Krause
- Center for Medicine of the Elderly, DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift and Department of General Medicine and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Geriatric Medicine, Hospital DIAKOVERE Henriettenstift, Schwemannstrasse 19, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Heck
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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13
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Hayek D, Ziegler G, Kleineidam L, Brosseron F, Nemali A, Vockert N, Ravichandran KA, Betts MJ, Peters O, Schneider LS, Wang X, Priller J, Altenstein S, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Bartels C, Rostamzadeh A, Glanz W, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Laske C, Mengel D, Synofzik M, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Roeske S, Kuhn E, Ramirez A, Dobisch L, Schmid M, Berger M, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Hetzer S, Dechent P, Ewers M, Scheffler K, Schott BH, Schreiber S, Orellana A, de Rojas I, Marquié M, Boada M, Sotolongo O, González PG, Puerta R, Düzel E, Jessen F, Wagner M, Ruiz A, Heneka MT, Maass A. Different inflammatory signatures based on CSF biomarkers relate to preserved or diminished brain structure and cognition. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-023-02387-3. [PMID: 38216727 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and both positive and negative associations of individual inflammation-related markers with brain structure and cognitive function have been described. We aimed to identify inflammatory signatures of CSF immune-related markers that relate to changes of brain structure and cognition across the clinical spectrum ranging from normal aging to AD. A panel of 16 inflammatory markers, Aβ42/40 and p-tau181 were measured in CSF at baseline in the DZNE DELCODE cohort (n = 295); a longitudinal observational study focusing on at-risk stages of AD. Volumetric maps of gray and white matter (GM/WM; n = 261) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs, n = 249) were derived from baseline MRIs. Cognitive decline (n = 204) and the rate of change in GM volume was measured in subjects with at least 3 visits (n = 175). A principal component analysis on the CSF markers revealed four inflammatory components (PCs). Of these, the first component PC1 (highly loading on sTyro3, sAXL, sTREM2, YKL-40, and C1q) was associated with older age and higher p-tau levels, but with less pathological Aβ when controlling for p-tau. PC2 (highly loading on CRP, IL-18, complement factor F/H and C4) was related to male gender, higher body mass index and greater vascular risk. PC1 levels, adjusted for AD markers, were related to higher GM and WM volumes, less WMHs, better baseline memory, and to slower atrophy rates in AD-related areas and less cognitive decline. In contrast, PC2 related to less GM and WM volumes and worse memory at baseline. Similar inflammatory signatures and associations were identified in the independent F.ACE cohort. Our data suggest that there are beneficial and detrimental signatures of inflammatory CSF biomarkers. While higher levels of TAM receptors (sTyro/sAXL) or sTREM2 might reflect a protective glia response to degeneration related to phagocytic clearance, other markers might rather reflect proinflammatory states that have detrimental impact on brain integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Hayek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Neurology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aditya Nemali
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Vockert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Kishore A Ravichandran
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Neurology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthew J Betts
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa-Sophie Schneider
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiao Wang
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Mengel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Kuhn
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Köln, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, D-53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, Göttingen, 37075, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schreiber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Marquié
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Sotolongo
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García González
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Puerta
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Köln, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Augustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic. Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Neurology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7 avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, 4362, Esch-sur- Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue, North Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
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14
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Teipel SJ, Dyrba M, Kleineidam L, Brosseron F, Levin F, Bruno D, Buerger K, Cosma N, Schneider L, Düzel E, Glanz W, Fliessbach K, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Munk MH, Maier F, Peters O, Pomara N, Perneczky R, Rauchmann B, Priller J, Ramirez A, Roy N, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Roeske S, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Bartels C, Jessen F, Heneka MT. Association of latent factors of neuroinflammation with Alzheimer's disease pathology and longitudinal cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2024; 16:e12510. [PMID: 38213951 PMCID: PMC10781650 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the association of inflammatory mechanisms with markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and rates of cognitive decline in the AD spectrum. METHODS We studied 296 cases from the Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) cohort, and an extension cohort of 276 cases of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study. Using Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis, we constructed latent factors for synaptic integrity, microglia, cerebrovascular endothelial function, cytokine/chemokine, and complement components of the inflammatory response using a set of inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid. RESULTS We found strong evidence for an association of synaptic integrity, microglia response, and cerebrovascular endothelial function with a latent factor of AD pathology and with rates of cognitive decline. We found evidence against an association of complement and cytokine/chemokine factors with AD pathology and rates of cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Latent factors provided access to directly unobservable components of the neuroinflammatory response and their association with AD pathology and cognitive decline.
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15
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Nemali A, Vockert N, Berron D, Maas A, Bernal J, Yakupov R, Peters O, Gref D, Cosma N, Preis L, Priller J, Spruth E, Altenstein S, Lohse A, Fliessbach K, Kimmich O, Vogt I, Wiltfang J, Hansen N, Bartels C, Schott BH, Maier F, Meiberth D, Glanz W, Incesoy E, Butryn M, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Pernecky R, Rauchmann B, Burow L, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Göerß D, Dyrba M, Laske C, Munk M, Sanzenbacher C, Müller S, Spottke A, Roy N, Heneka M, Brosseron F, Roeske S, Dobisch L, Ramirez A, Ewers M, Dechent P, Scheffler K, Kleineidam L, Wolfsgruber S, Wagner M, Jessen F, Duzel E, Ziegler G. Gaussian Process-based prediction of memory performance and biomarker status in ageing and Alzheimer's disease-A systematic model evaluation. Med Image Anal 2023; 90:102913. [PMID: 37660483 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2023.102913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging markers based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) combined with various other measures (such as genetic covariates, biomarkers, vascular risk factors, neuropsychological tests etc.) might provide useful predictions of clinical outcomes during the progression towards Alzheimer's disease (AD). The use of multiple features in predictive frameworks for clinical outcomes has become increasingly prevalent in AD research. However, many studies do not focus on systematically and accurately evaluating combinations of multiple input features. Hence, the aim of the present work is to explore and assess optimal combinations of various features for MR-based prediction of (1) cognitive status and (2) biomarker positivity with a multi-kernel learning Gaussian process framework. The explored features and parameters included (A) combinations of brain tissues, modulation, smoothing, and image resolution; (B) incorporating demographics & clinical covariates; (C) the impact of the size of the training data set; (D) the influence of dimensionality reduction and the choice of kernel types. The approach was tested in a large German cohort including 959 subjects from the multicentric longitudinal study of cognitive impairment and dementia (DELCODE). Our evaluation suggests the best prediction of memory performance was obtained for a combination of neuroimaging markers, demographics, genetic information (ApoE4) and CSF biomarkers explaining 57% of outcome variance in out-of-sample predictions. The highest performance for Aβ42/40 status classification was achieved for a combination of demographics, ApoE4, and a memory score while usage of structural MRI further improved the classification of individual patient's pTau status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nemali
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - N Vockert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - D Berron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Maas
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - J Bernal
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - R Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - O Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Gref
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Cosma
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Preis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - O Kimmich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - I Vogt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - J Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - N Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - C Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - B H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - F Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - D Meiberth
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - W Glanz
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - E Incesoy
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Butryn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - K Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - D Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - R Pernecky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - B Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - L Burow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - S Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - I Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - D Göerß
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - M Dyrba
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - C Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - C Sanzenbacher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - A Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - N Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - L Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Köln, Germany; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - P Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany
| | - K Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Kleineidam
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - S Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - E Duzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - G Ziegler
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
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16
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Stark M, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Frommann I, Altenstein S, Bartels C, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Burow L, Butryn M, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Gabelin T, Glanz W, Goerss D, Gref D, Hansen N, Heneka MT, Hinderer P, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kimmich O, Laske C, Munk MH, Perneczky R, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Rauchmann BS, Rostamzadeh A, Roy-Kluth N, Sanzenbacher C, Schneider A, Schott BH, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Vogt IR, Wiltfang J, Duzel E, Jessen F, Wagner M. Relevance of Minor Neuropsychological Deficits in Patients With Subjective Cognitive Decline. Neurology 2023; 101:e2185-e2196. [PMID: 37821235 PMCID: PMC10663030 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To determine the relevance of minor neuropsychological deficits (MNPD) in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) with regard to CSF levels of Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers, cognitive decline, and clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS This study included patients with clinical SCD and SCD-free, healthy control (HC) participants with available baseline CSF and/or longitudinal cognitive data from the observational DZNE Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia study. We defined MNPD as a performance of at least 0.5SD below the mean on a demographically adjusted total score derived from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease neuropsychological assessment battery. We compared SCD patients with MNPD and those without MNPD with regard to CSF amyloid-β (Aβ)42/Aβ40, phosphorylated tau (p-tau181), total tau and Aβ42/p-tau181 levels, longitudinal cognitive composite trajectories, and risk of clinical progression to incident MCI (follow-up M ± SD: 40.6 ± 23.7 months). In addition, we explored group differences between SCD and HC in those without MNPD. RESULTS In our sample (N = 672, mean age: 70.7 ± 5.9 years, 50% female), SCD patients with MNPD (n = 55, 12.5% of SCD group) showed significantly more abnormal CSF biomarker levels, increased cognitive decline, and a higher risk of progression to incident MCI (HR: 4.07, 95% CI 2.46-6.74) compared with SCD patients without MNPD (n = 384). MNPD had a positive predictive value of 57.0% (95% CI 38.5-75.4) and a negative predictive value of 86.0% (95% CI 81.9-90.1) for the progression of SCD to MCI within 3 years. SCD patients without MNPD showed increased cognitive decline and a higher risk of incident MCI compared with HC participants without MNPD (n = 215; HR: 4.09, 95% CI 2.07-8.09), while AD biomarker levels did not differ significantly between these groups. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that MNPD are a risk factor for AD-related clinical progression in cognitively normal patients seeking medical counseling because of SCD. As such, the assessment of MNPD could be useful for individual clinical prediction and for AD risk stratification in clinical trials. However, SCD remains a risk factor for future cognitive decline even in the absence of MNPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Stark
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany.
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Burow
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Michaela Butryn
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Tatjana Gabelin
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Daria Gref
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Niels Hansen
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Petra Hinderer
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Okka Kimmich
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy-Kluth
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Carolin Sanzenbacher
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Ina R Vogt
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., F.B., K.F., O.K., N.R.-K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, I.R.V., F.J., M.W.), Bonn; Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry (M.S., S.W., L.K., I.F., K.F., A. Schneider, M.W.), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., O.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., J.P., E.J.S.), Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., N.H., B.H.S., J.W.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (K.B., M.E., R.P.), Munich; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD) (K.B., M.E., D.J.), University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (L.B., R.P., B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.B., W.G., E.I.I., E.D.), Magdeburg; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (T.G., D. Gref, O.P., L.P.), Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D. Goerss, I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center, Germany; Luxembourg Center for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) (M.T.H.), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (P.H., C.L., M.H.M., C.S.), Tübingen; Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (E.I.I., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (E.I.I.), University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (M.H.M.), University of Tübingen, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (R.P.), Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE) (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (J.P.), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI (J.P.), United Kingdom; Department of Neuroradiology (B.-S.R.), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN) (B.-S.R.), University of Sheffield, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (A.R., F.J.), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (B.H.S., J.W.), Goettingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (F.J.), University of Cologne, Germany
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Jiang X, Hu X, Daamen M, Wang X, Fan C, Meiberth D, Spottke A, Roeske S, Fliessbach K, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Lohse A, Hansen N, Glanz W, Incesoy EI, Dobisch L, Janowitz D, Rauchmann BS, Ramirez A, Kilimann I, Munk MH, Wang X, Schneider LS, Gabelin T, Roy N, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Hetzer S, Dechent P, Ewers M, Scheffler K, Amthauer H, Buchert R, Essler M, Drzezga A, Rominger A, Krause BJ, Reimold M, Priller J, Schneider A, Wiltfang J, Buerger K, Perneczky R, Teipel S, Laske C, Peters O, Düzel E, Wagner M, Jiang J, Jessen F, Boecker H, Han Y. Altered limbic functional connectivity in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: Converging and diverging findings across Chinese and German cohorts. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4922-4934. [PMID: 37070734 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains unclear whether functional brain networks are consistently altered in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) of diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds and whether the network alterations are associated with an amyloid burden. METHODS Cross-sectional resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity (FC) and amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET) data from the Chinese Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline and German DZNE Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia cohorts were analyzed. RESULTS Limbic FC, particularly hippocampal connectivity with right insula, was consistently higher in SCD than in controls, and correlated with SCD-plus features. Smaller SCD subcohorts with PET showed inconsistent amyloid positivity rates and FC-amyloid associations across cohorts. DISCUSSION Our results suggest an early adaptation of the limbic network in SCD, which may reflect increased awareness of cognitive decline, irrespective of amyloid pathology. Different amyloid positivity rates may indicate a heterogeneous underlying etiology in Eastern and Western SCD cohorts when applying current research criteria. Future studies should identify culture-specific features to enrich preclinical Alzheimer's disease in non-Western populations. HIGHLIGHTS Common limbic hyperconnectivity across Chinese and German subjective cognitive decline (SCD) cohorts was observed. Limbic hyperconnectivity may reflect awareness of cognition, irrespective of amyloid load. Further cross-cultural harmonization of SCD regarding Alzheimer's disease pathology is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaochen Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunqiu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dix Meiberth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Xiao Wang
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa-Sophie Schneider
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatjana Gabelin
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Holger Amthauer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Buchert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Essler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Axel Rominger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernd J Krause
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Reimold
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jiehui Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China
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18
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Waschkies KF, Soch J, Darna M, Richter A, Altenstein S, Beyle A, Brosseron F, Buchholz F, Butryn M, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Gabelin T, Glanz W, Goerss D, Gref D, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Lohse A, Munk MH, Rauchmann BS, Rostamzadeh A, Roy N, Spruth EJ, Dechent P, Heneka MT, Hetzer S, Ramirez A, Scheffler K, Buerger K, Laske C, Perneczky R, Peters O, Priller J, Schneider A, Spottke A, Teipel S, Düzel E, Jessen F, Wiltfang J, Schott BH, Kizilirmak JM. Machine learning-based classification of Alzheimer's disease and its at-risk states using personality traits, anxiety, and depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e6007. [PMID: 37800601 DOI: 10.1002/gps.6007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is often preceded by stages of cognitive impairment, namely subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). While cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are established predictors of AD, other non-invasive candidate predictors include personality traits, anxiety, and depression, among others. These predictors offer non-invasive assessment and exhibit changes during AD development and preclinical stages. METHODS In a cross-sectional design, we comparatively evaluated the predictive value of personality traits (Big Five), geriatric anxiety and depression scores, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging activity of the default mode network, apoliprotein E (ApoE) genotype, and CSF biomarkers (tTau, pTau181, Aβ42/40 ratio) in a multi-class support vector machine classification. Participants included 189 healthy controls (HC), 338 individuals with SCD, 132 with amnestic MCI, and 74 with mild AD from the multicenter DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE). RESULTS Mean predictive accuracy across all participant groups was highest when utilizing a combination of personality, depression, and anxiety scores. HC were best predicted by a feature set comprised of depression and anxiety scores and participants with AD were best predicted by a feature set containing CSF biomarkers. Classification of participants with SCD or aMCI was near chance level for all assessed feature sets. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate predictive value of personality trait and state scores for AD. Importantly, CSF biomarkers, personality, depression, anxiety, and ApoE genotype show complementary value for classification of AD and its at-risk stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad F Waschkies
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joram Soch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margarita Darna
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Munich, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aline Beyle
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Friederike Buchholz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michaela Butryn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tatjana Gabelin
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daria Gref
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin M Kizilirmak
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Neurodidactics and NeuroLab, Institute for Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany
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19
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Teipel SJ, Dyrba M, Levin F, Altenstein S, Berger M, Beyle A, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Burow L, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Frommann I, Glanz W, Goerss D, Gref D, Hansen N, Heneka MT, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Keles D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Lohse A, Munk MH, Perneczky R, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Rostamzadeh A, Roy N, Schmid M, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Wiltfang J, Düzel E, Jessen F, Kleineidam L, Wagner M. Cognitive Trajectories in Preclinical and Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease Related to Amyloid Status and Brain Atrophy: A Bayesian Approach. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:1055-1076. [PMID: 37849637 PMCID: PMC10578328 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive decline is a key outcome of clinical studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective To determine effects of global amyloid load as well as hippocampus and basal forebrain volumes on longitudinal rates and practice effects from repeated testing of domain specific cognitive change in the AD spectrum, considering non-linear effects and heterogeneity across cohorts. Methods We included 1,514 cases from three cohorts, ADNI, AIBL, and DELCODE, spanning the range from cognitively normal people to people with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We used generalized Bayesian mixed effects analysis of linear and polynomial models of amyloid and volume effects in time. Robustness of effects across cohorts was determined using Bayesian random effects meta-analysis. Results We found a consistent effect of amyloid and hippocampus volume, but not of basal forebrain volume, on rates of memory change across the three cohorts in the meta-analysis. Effects for amyloid and volumetric markers on executive function were more heterogeneous. We found practice effects in memory and executive performance in amyloid negative cognitively normal controls and MCI cases, but only to a smaller degree in amyloid positive controls and not at all in amyloid positive MCI cases. Conclusions We found heterogeneity between cohorts, particularly in effects on executive functions. Initial increases in cognitive performance in amyloid negative, but not in amyloid positive MCI cases and controls may reflect practice effects from repeated testing that are lost with higher levels of cerebral amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Fedor Levin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aline Beyle
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Burow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Daria Gref
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Enise I. Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany pGerman Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), T¨ubingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Deniz Keles
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), T¨ubingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of T¨ubingen, T¨ubingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias H. Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), T¨ubingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of T¨ubingen, T¨ubingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Anja Schneider
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
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20
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Martinelli F, Heinken A, Henning AK, Wörheide MA, Hensen T, González A, Arnold M, Asthana S, Budde K, Engelman CD, Estaki M, Grabe HJ, Heston M, Johnson S, Kastenmüller G, Martino C, McDonald D, Rey F, Kilimann I, Peters O, Wang X, Spruth EJ, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Hansen N, Glanz W, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Nauck M, Teipel S, Knight R, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Bendlin BB, Hertel J, Thiele I. Whole-body modelling reveals microbiome and genomic interactions on reduced urine formate levels in Alzheimer's disease. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3306891. [PMID: 37720019 PMCID: PMC10503865 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3306891/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to understand the potential role of the gut microbiome in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We took a multi-faceted approach to investigate this relationship. Urine metabolomics were examined in individuals with AD and controls, revealing decreased formate and fumarate concentrations in AD. Additionally, we utilized whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data obtained from a separate group of individuals with AD and controls. This information allowed us to create and investigate host-microbiome personalized models. Notably, AD individuals displayed diminished formate microbial secretion in these models. Additionally, we identified specific reactions responsible for the production of formate in the host, and interestingly, these reactions were linked to genes that have correlations with AD. This study suggests formate as a possible early AD marker and highlights genetic and microbiome contributions to its production. The reduced formate secretion and its genetic associations point to a complex connection between gut microbiota and AD. This holistic understanding might pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic avenues in AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria A Wörheide
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | | | | | - Matthias Arnold
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases
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21
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Klimecki OM, Liebscher M, Gaubert M, Hayek D, Zarucha A, Dyrba M, Bartels C, Buerger K, Butryn M, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Glanz W, Hetzer S, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kleineidam L, Laske C, Maier F, Munk MH, Perneczky R, Peters O, Priller J, Rauchmann BS, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spruth EJ, Spottke A, Teipel SJ, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Düzel E, Jessen F, Wagner M, Roeske S, Wirth M. Long-term environmental enrichment is associated with better fornix microstructure in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1170879. [PMID: 37711996 PMCID: PMC10498282 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1170879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sustained environmental enrichment (EE) through a variety of leisure activities may decrease the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This cross-sectional cohort study investigated the association between long-term EE in young adulthood through middle life and microstructure of fiber tracts associated with the memory system in older adults. Methods N = 201 cognitively unimpaired participants (≥ 60 years of age) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) baseline cohort were included. Two groups of participants with higher (n = 104) or lower (n = 97) long-term EE were identified, using the self-reported frequency of diverse physical, intellectual, and social leisure activities between the ages 13 to 65. White matter (WM) microstructure was measured by fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) in the fornix, uncinate fasciculus, and parahippocampal cingulum using diffusion tensor imaging. Long-term EE groups (lower/higher) were compared with adjustment for potential confounders, such as education, crystallized intelligence, and socio-economic status. Results Reported participation in higher long-term EE was associated with greater fornix microstructure, as indicated by higher FA (standardized β = 0.117, p = 0.033) and lower MD (β = -0.147, p = 0.015). Greater fornix microstructure was indirectly associated (FA: unstandardized B = 0.619, p = 0.038; MD: B = -0.035, p = 0.026) with better memory function through higher long-term EE. No significant effects were found for the other WM tracts. Conclusion Our findings suggest that sustained participation in a greater variety of leisure activities relates to preserved WM microstructure in the memory system in older adults. This could be facilitated by the multimodal stimulation associated with the engagement in a physically, intellectually, and socially enriched lifestyle. Longitudinal studies will be needed to support this assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga M Klimecki
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Maxie Liebscher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Malo Gaubert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, Rennes University Hospital Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Rennes, France
| | - Dayana Hayek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexis Zarucha
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Butryn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- Magnetic Resonance (MR)-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan J Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
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22
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Teipel SJ, Spottke A, Boecker H, Daamen M, Graf E, Sahlmann J, Buchert R, Mohnike W, Mohnike K, Kurth J, Jessen F, Krause BJ. Patient-related benefits of amyloid PET imaging in dementia: Rationale and design of the German randomized coverage with evidence development study ENABLE. Alzheimers Dement (N Y) 2023; 9:e12383. [PMID: 37560401 PMCID: PMC10407881 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The utility of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) for the etiological diagnosis of dementia and its impact on functional status of patients in routine care are currently unclear. Here, we describe the design of ENABLE, a randomized controlled two-armed coverage with evidence development (CED) study in Germany. Approximately 1126 patients with mild to moderate dementia of unclear etiology will be randomly assigned to either an amyloid PET or a no amyloid PET group. Patients will be followed-up for 24 months. The study has been registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00030839) with the registration code DRKS00030839. The primary endpoint of ENABLE is the ability to perform functional activities of daily living at 18 months. Secondary endpoints include change in diagnosis, diagnostic confidence, and cognitive and clinical outcomes of patients. We expect that the CED study ENABLE will inform about patient relevant effects of amyloid PET in routine care. Furthermore, we anticipate that ENABLE will support physicians' and payers' decisions on provision of health care for patients with dementia. HIGHLIGHTS Study design focuses on the usefulness of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) in routine care.Study design addresses the patient-relevant effect of amyloid PET.Patient representatives were involved in the creation of the study design.The study will help improve routine care for people with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J. Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Rostock/GreifswaldRostockGermany
- Department of Psychosomatic MedicineRostock University Medical CenterRostockGermany
| | - Annika Spottke
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) BonnBonnGermany
| | - Henning Boecker
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) BonnBonnGermany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) BonnBonnGermany
| | - Erika Graf
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics (IMBI)Faculty of Medicine − University Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Jörg Sahlmann
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics (IMBI)Faculty of Medicine − University Medical Center FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Ralph Buchert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Wolfgang Mohnike
- PET e.V.BerlinGermany
- Diagnostic Therapeutic Center Berlin‐Frankfurter TorBerlinGermany
| | - Konrad Mohnike
- PET e.V.BerlinGermany
- Diagnostic Therapeutic Center Berlin‐Frankfurter TorBerlinGermany
| | - Jens Kurth
- Department of Nuclear MedicineRostock University Medical CenterRostockGermany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) BonnBonnGermany
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of CologneCologneGermany
| | - Bernd J. Krause
- Department of Nuclear MedicineRostock University Medical CenterRostockGermany
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23
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Bernal J, Schreiber S, Menze I, Ostendorf A, Pfister M, Geisendörfer J, Nemali A, Maass A, Yakupov R, Peters O, Preis L, Schneider L, Herrera AL, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Schott BH, Rostamzadeh A, Glanz W, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Ewers M, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Dobisch L, Dechent P, Scheffler K, Hetzer S, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Schmid M, Berger M, Jessen F, Wirth M, Düzel E, Ziegler G. Arterial hypertension and β-amyloid accumulation have spatially overlapping effects on posterior white matter hyperintensity volume: a cross-sectional study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:97. [PMID: 37226207 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensities (WMH) in subjects across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum with minimal vascular pathology suggests that amyloid pathology-not just arterial hypertension-impacts WMH, which in turn adversely influences cognition. Here we seek to determine the effect of both hypertension and Aβ positivity on WMH, and their impact on cognition. METHODS We analysed data from subjects with a low vascular profile and normal cognition (NC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) enrolled in the ongoing observational multicentre DZNE Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (n = 375, median age 70.0 [IQR 66.0, 74.4] years; 178 female; NC/SCD/MCI 127/162/86). All subjects underwent a rich neuropsychological assessment. We focused on baseline memory and executive function-derived from multiple neuropsychological tests using confirmatory factor analysis-, baseline preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite 5 (PACC5) scores, and changes in PACC5 scores over the course of three years (ΔPACC5). RESULTS Subjects with hypertension or Aβ positivity presented the largest WMH volumes (pFDR < 0.05), with spatial overlap in the frontal (hypertension: 0.42 ± 0.17; Aβ: 0.46 ± 0.18), occipital (hypertension: 0.50 ± 0.16; Aβ: 0.50 ± 0.16), parietal lobes (hypertension: 0.57 ± 0.18; Aβ: 0.56 ± 0.20), corona radiata (hypertension: 0.45 ± 0.17; Aβ: 0.40 ± 0.13), optic radiation (hypertension: 0.39 ± 0.18; Aβ: 0.74 ± 0.19), and splenium of the corpus callosum (hypertension: 0.36 ± 0.12; Aβ: 0.28 ± 0.12). Elevated global and regional WMH volumes coincided with worse cognitive performance at baseline and over 3 years (pFDR < 0.05). Aβ positivity was negatively associated with cognitive performance (direct effect-memory: - 0.33 ± 0.08, pFDR < 0.001; executive: - 0.21 ± 0.08, pFDR < 0.001; PACC5: - 0.29 ± 0.09, pFDR = 0.006; ΔPACC5: - 0.34 ± 0.04, pFDR < 0.05). Splenial WMH mediated the relationship between hypertension and cognitive performance (indirect-only effect-memory: - 0.05 ± 0.02, pFDR = 0.029; executive: - 0.04 ± 0.02, pFDR = 0.067; PACC5: - 0.05 ± 0.02, pFDR = 0.030; ΔPACC5: - 0.09 ± 0.03, pFDR = 0.043) and WMH in the optic radiation partially mediated that between Aβ positivity and memory (indirect effect-memory: - 0.05 ± 0.02, pFDR = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS Posterior white matter is susceptible to hypertension and Aβ accumulation. Posterior WMH mediate the association between these pathologies and cognitive dysfunction, making them a promising target to tackle the downstream damage related to the potentially interacting and potentiating effects of the two pathologies. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00007966, 04/05/2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Bernal
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Schreiber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Inga Menze
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Ostendorf
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Malte Pfister
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Geisendörfer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aditya Nemali
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa Schneider
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Lucia Herrera
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinic for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinic for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinic for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinic for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Clinic for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster On Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tatzberg 41, Dresden, 01307, Germany.
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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Ballarini T, Kuhn E, Röske S, Altenstein S, Bartels C, Buchholz F, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Frommann I, Gabelin T, Glanz W, Görß D, Haynes JD, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kleineidam L, Kobeleva X, Laske C, Lohse A, Maier F, Munk MH, Perneczky R, Peters O, Priller J, Rauchmann BS, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Schott BH, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Düzel E, Jessen F, Wagner M. Linking early-life bilingualism and cognitive advantage in older adulthood. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 124:18-28. [PMID: 36706574 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified bilingualism as a protective factor against dementia. Here we aimed to test whether being bilingual at different life stages impacts cognition and brain structure in older adulthood. We included 746 participants from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE). Assessment of bilingualism at 3 life stages (early: 13-30, middle: 30-65 and late: over 65 years old) was determined with the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire. Individuals reporting bilingualism (i.e., daily use of L2) in the early life stage outperformed monolinguals on learning & memory, working-memory, executive functions and language. Bilingualism in middle life stage showed a significant advantage on learning & memory, while no effect of bilingualism in old life stage was identified. Brain gray matter volume was not associated with L2 use and did not differ between groups. However, stronger correlations between brain gray matter volume in selected brain regions and cognitive performance were found in bilingual participants in the early and middle life stages. Our results indicate that bilingualism in early life might provide a long-lasting protective effect on cognition and shape the brain to sustain cognitive performance in older adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth Kuhn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Friederike Buchholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tatjana Gabelin
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doreen Görß
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Xenia Kobeleva
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany; Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
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Heinzinger N, Maass A, Berron D, Yakupov R, Peters O, Fiebach J, Villringer K, Preis L, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Bartels C, Jessen F, Maier F, Glanz W, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Killimann I, Göerß D, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Heneka MT, Brosseron F, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Dechent P, Haynes JD, Scheffler K, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Schmid M, Berger M, Düzel E, Ziegler G. Exploring the ATN classification system using brain morphology. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:50. [PMID: 36915139 PMCID: PMC10009950 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NIA-AA proposed amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) as a classification system for AD biomarkers. The amyloid cascade hypothesis (ACH) implies a sequence across ATN groups that patients might undergo during transition from healthy towards AD: A-T-N-➔A+T-N-➔A+T+N-➔A+T+N+. Here we assess the evidence for monotonic brain volume decline for this particular (amyloid-conversion first, tau-conversion second, N-conversion last) and alternative progressions using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in a large cross-sectional MRI cohort. METHODS We used baseline data of the DELCODE cohort of 437 subjects (127 controls, 168 SCD, 87 MCI, 55 AD patients) which underwent lumbar puncture, MRI scanning, and neuropsychological assessment. ATN classification was performed using CSF-Aβ42/Aβ40 (A+/-), CSF phospho-tau (T+/-), and adjusted hippocampal volume or CSF total-tau (N+/-). We compared voxel-wise model evidence for monotonic decline of gray matter volume across various sequences over ATN groups using the Bayesian Information Criterion (including also ROIs of Braak stages). First, face validity of the ACH transition sequence A-T-N-➔A+T-N-➔A+T+N-➔A+T+N+ was compared against biologically less plausible (permuted) sequences among AD continuum ATN groups. Second, we evaluated evidence for 6 monotonic brain volume progressions from A-T-N- towards A+T+N+ including also non-AD continuum ATN groups. RESULTS The ACH-based progression A-T-N-➔A+T-N-➔A+T+N-➔A+T+N+ was consistent with cognitive decline and clinical diagnosis. Using hippocampal volume for operationalization of neurodegeneration (N), ACH was most evident in 9% of gray matter predominantly in the medial temporal lobe. Many cortical regions suggested alternative non-monotonic volume progressions over ACH progression groups, which is compatible with an early amyloid-related tissue expansion or sampling effects, e.g., due to brain reserve. Volume decline in 65% of gray matter was consistent with a progression where A status converts before T or N status (i.e., ACH/ANT) when compared to alternative sequences (TAN/TNA/NAT/NTA). Brain regions earlier affected by tau tangle deposition (Braak stage I-IV, MTL, limbic system) present stronger evidence for volume decline than late Braak stage ROIs (V/VI, cortical regions). Similar findings were observed when using CSF total-tau for N instead. CONCLUSION Using the ATN classification system, early amyloid status conversion (before tau and neurodegeneration) is associated with brain volume loss observed during AD progression. The ATN system and the ACH are compatible with monotonic progression of MTL atrophy. TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS00007966, 04/05/2015, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Heinzinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany. .,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - David Berron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Fiebach
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kersten Villringer
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eike Jacob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Killimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Doreen Göerß
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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Winter Y, Klotsche J, Ringel F, Spottke A, Klockgether T, Urbach H, Meyer B, Dodel R. Characterizing the individual course of health-related quality of life after subarachnoid haemorrhage: Latent growth mixture modelling. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106913. [PMID: 36623407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) show heterogeneous profiles of health-related quality of life (HrQoL). The aim of this study was to characterize individual differences in the course of HrQoL following SAH using latent growth mixture modelling (LGMM). METHODS A longitudinal study with 113 incident cases of aneurysmal SAH was performed in order to evaluate clinical outcome (Hunt and Hess scale, Barthel-Index, Beck Depression Inventory) and HrQoL data (EQ-5D) at baseline, 6 and 12 months. The heterogeneity in HrQoL courses after SAH was analysed using LGMM. RESULTS Four subgroups (classes) of different patterns of HrQoL course after SAH were identified. Two of these classes (1 and 3) comprised patients with considerably reduced initial HrQoL, which was associated with more severe symptoms of SAH. Class 1 showing the worst EQ5D-index values during the entire study period. Class 3 experiencing a considerable improvement in HrQoL values. In comparison to classes 1 and 3, class 2 and 4 were characterized by less severe SAH and better functional outcome. An important difference in the disease course between classes 2 and 4 was a temporary increase in depression scores at the 6-month time point in class 4, which was associated with a considerable reduction in HrQoL.The specific clinical parameters characterizing differences between classes, such as severity of SAH, functional outcome, cognitive impairment and post-stroke depression, were identified and the influence of their potential improvement on HrQoL was estimated. CONCLUSION By means of LGMM we could classify the course of HrQoL after SAH in four different patterns, which are relevant for the clinical decisions. Clinical parameters, which can be modified in order to improve the course of HrQoL were identified and could help to develop individual therapeutic strategies for the rehabilitation after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Winter
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany; Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Klotsche
- German Rheumatism Research Center, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Ringel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Horst Urbach
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany
| | - Richard Dodel
- Chair of Geriatric Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Germaniastrasse 1-3, Essen D-45356, Germany.
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Yildirim Z, Delen F, Berron D, Baumeister H, Ziegler G, Schütze H, Glanz W, Dobisch L, Peters O, Freiesleben SD, Schneider LS, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Schott BH, Meiberth D, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Laske C, Munk MH, Spottke A, Roy N, Heneka M, Brosseron F, Wagner M, Roeske S, Ramirez A, Ewers M, Dechent P, Hetzer S, Scheffler K, Kleineidam L, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Schmid M, Berger M, Gurvit H, Jessen F, Duzel E. Brain reserve contributes to distinguishing preclinical Alzheimer's stages 1 and 2. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:43. [PMID: 36855049 PMCID: PMC9972621 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In preclinical Alzheimer's disease, it is unclear why some individuals with amyloid pathologic change are asymptomatic (stage 1), whereas others experience subjective cognitive decline (SCD, stage 2). Here, we examined the association of stage 1 vs. stage 2 with structural brain reserve in memory-related brain regions. METHODS We tested whether the volumes of hippocampal subfields and parahippocampal regions were larger in individuals at stage 1 compared to asymptomatic amyloid-negative older adults (healthy controls, HCs). We also tested whether individuals with stage 2 would show the opposite pattern, namely smaller brain volumes than in amyloid-negative individuals with SCD. Participants with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker data and bilateral volumetric MRI data from the observational, multi-centric DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study were included. The sample comprised 95 amyloid-negative and 26 amyloid-positive asymptomatic participants as well as 104 amyloid-negative and 47 amyloid-positive individuals with SCD. Volumes were based on high-resolution T2-weighted images and automatic segmentation with manual correction according to a recently established high-resolution segmentation protocol. RESULTS In asymptomatic individuals, brain volumes of hippocampal subfields and of the parahippocampal cortex were numerically larger in stage 1 compared to HCs, whereas the opposite was the case in individuals with SCD. MANOVAs with volumes as dependent data and age, sex, years of education, and DELCODE site as covariates showed a significant interaction between diagnosis (asymptomatic versus SCD) and amyloid status (Aß42/40 negative versus positive) for hippocampal subfields. Post hoc paired comparisons taking into account the same covariates showed that dentate gyrus and CA1 volumes in SCD were significantly smaller in amyloid-positive than negative individuals. In contrast, CA1 volumes were significantly (p = 0.014) larger in stage 1 compared with HCs. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that HCs and stages 1 and 2 do not correspond to linear brain volume reduction. Instead, stage 1 is associated with larger than expected volumes of hippocampal subfields in the face of amyloid pathology. This indicates a brain reserve mechanism in stage 1 that enables individuals with amyloid pathologic change to be cognitively normal and asymptomatic without subjective cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Yildirim
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba Cad., Capa Kampusu Sehremini, Fatih, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Neurology, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 34200, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Firuze Delen
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Vakif Gureba Cad., Capa Kampusu Sehremini, Fatih, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, 34480, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - David Berron
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Baumeister
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa-Sophie Schneider
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Björn-Hendrik Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dix Meiberth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, MR-Research in Neurosciences, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biometry Informatics, and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry Informatics, and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hakan Gurvit
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
- Neuroimaging Unit, Istanbul University, Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
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Ersoezlue E, Perneczky R, Tato M, Utecht J, Kurz C, Häckert J, Guersel S, Burow L, Koller G, Stoecklein S, Keeser D, Papazov B, Totzke M, Ballarini T, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Glanz W, Haynes JD, Heneka MT, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kleineidam L, Laske C, Maier F, Munk MH, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Roeske S, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Schott BH, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Unterfeld C, Wagner M, Wang X, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Duezel E, Jessen F, Rauchmann BS. A Residual Marker of Cognitive Reserve Is Associated with Resting-State Intrinsic Functional Connectivity Along the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:925-940. [PMID: 36806502 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve (CR) explains inter-individual differences in the impact of the neurodegenerative burden on cognitive functioning. A residual model was proposed to estimate CR more accurately than previous measures. However, associations between residual CR markers (CRM) and functional connectivity (FC) remain unexplored. OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between the CRM and intrinsic network connectivity (INC) in resting-state networks along the neuropathological-continuum of Alzheimer's disease (ADN). METHODS Three hundred eighteen participants from the DELCODE cohort were stratified using cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers according to the A(myloid-β)/T(au)/N(eurodegeneration) classification. CRM was calculated utilizing residuals obtained from a multilinear regression model predicting cognition from markers of disease burden. Using an independent component analysis in resting-state fMRI data, we measured INC of resting-state networks, i.e., default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), salience network (SAL), and dorsal attention network. The associations of INC with a composite memory score and CRM and the associations of CRM with the seed-to-voxel functional connectivity of memory-related were tested in general linear models. RESULTS CRM was positively associated with INC in the DMN in the entire cohort. The A+T+N+ group revealed an anti-correlation between the SAL and the DMN. Furthermore, CRM was positively associated with anti-correlation between memory-related regions in FPN and DMN in ADN and A+T/N+. CONCLUSION Our results provide evidence that INC is associated with CRM in ADN defined as participants with amyloid pathology with or without cognitive symptoms, suggesting that the neural correlates of CR are mirrored in network FC in resting-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Ersoezlue
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,Department of Gerontopsychiatry and Developmental Disorders, kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinikum Haar, University Teaching Hospital of LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Germany.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Maia Tato
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Utecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Kurz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Häckert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Selim Guersel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Burow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Koller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Stoecklein
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Boris Papazov
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marie Totzke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Munich), Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Munich), Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Medical Center of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Medical Center of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine Technical University of Munich, Germany.,University of Edinburgh and UK DRI Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Medical Center of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany.,Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Medical Center of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike J Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Chantal Unterfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Medical Center of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany.,Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Medical Center of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Duezel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of University of Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Germany.,Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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de Rojas I, Moreno-Grau S, Tesi N, Grenier-Boley B, Andrade V, Jansen IE, Pedersen NL, Stringa N, Zettergren A, Hernández I, Montrreal L, Antúnez C, Antonell A, Tankard RM, Bis JC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Quintela I, González-Perez A, Calero M, Franco-Macías E, Macías J, Blesa R, Cervera-Carles L, Menéndez-González M, Frank-García A, Royo JL, Moreno F, Huerto Vilas R, Baquero M, Diez-Fairen M, Lage C, García-Madrona S, García-González P, Alarcón-Martín E, Valero S, Sotolongo-Grau O, Ullgren A, Naj AC, Lemstra AW, Benaque A, Pérez-Cordón A, Benussi A, Rábano A, Padovani A, Squassina A, de Mendonça A, Arias Pastor A, Kok AAL, Meggy A, Pastor AB, Espinosa A, Corma-Gómez A, Martín Montes A, Sanabria Á, DeStefano AL, Schneider A, Haapasalo A, Kinhult Ståhlbom A, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Hartmann AM, Spottke A, Corbatón-Anchuelo A, Rongve A, Borroni B, Arosio B, Nacmias B, Nordestgaard BG, Kunkle BW, Charbonnier C, Abdelnour C, Masullo C, Martínez Rodríguez C, Muñoz-Fernandez C, Dufouil C, Graff C, Ferreira CB, Chillotti C, Reynolds CA, Fenoglio C, Van Broeckhoven C, Clark C, Pisanu C, Satizabal CL, Holmes C, Buiza-Rueda D, Aarsland D, Rujescu D, Alcolea D, Galimberti D, Wallon D, Seripa D, Grünblatt E, Dardiotis E, Düzel E, Scarpini E, Conti E, Rubino E, Gelpi E, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Duron E, Boerwinkle E, Ferri E, Tagliavini F, Küçükali F, Pasquier F, Sanchez-Garcia F, Mangialasche F, Jessen F, Nicolas G, Selbæk G, Ortega G, Chêne G, Hadjigeorgiou G, Rossi G, Spalletta G, Giaccone G, Grande G, Binetti G, Papenberg G, Hampel H, Bailly H, Zetterberg H, Soininen H, Karlsson IK, Alvarez I, Appollonio I, Giegling I, Skoog I, Saltvedt I, Rainero I, Rosas Allende I, Hort J, Diehl-Schmid J, Van Dongen J, Vidal JS, Lehtisalo J, Wiltfang J, Thomassen JQ, Kornhuber J, Haines JL, Vogelgsang J, Pineda JA, Fortea J, Popp J, Deckert J, Buerger K, Morgan K, Fließbach K, Sleegers K, Molina-Porcel L, Kilander L, Weinhold L, Farrer LA, Wang LS, Kleineidam L, Farotti L, Parnetti L, Tremolizzo L, Hausner L, Benussi L, Froelich L, Ikram MA, Deniz-Naranjo MC, Tsolaki M, Rosende-Roca M, Löwenmark M, Hulsman M, Spallazzi M, Pericak-Vance MA, Esiri M, Bernal Sánchez-Arjona M, Dalmasso MC, Martínez-Larrad MT, Arcaro M, Nöthen MM, Fernández-Fuertes M, Dichgans M, Ingelsson M, Herrmann MJ, Scherer M, Vyhnalek M, Kosmidis MH, Yannakoulia M, Schmid M, Ewers M, Heneka MT, Wagner M, Scamosci M, Kivipelto M, Hiltunen M, Zulaica M, Alegret M, Fornage M, Roberto N, van Schoor NM, Seidu NM, Banaj N, Armstrong NJ, Scarmeas N, Scherbaum N, Goldhardt O, Hanon O, Peters O, Skrobot OA, Quenez O, Lerch O, Bossù P, Caffarra P, Dionigi Rossi P, Sakka P, Mecocci P, Hoffmann P, Holmans PA, Fischer P, Riederer P, Yang Q, Marshall R, Kalaria RN, Mayeux R, Vandenberghe R, Cecchetti R, Ghidoni R, Frikke-Schmidt R, Sorbi S, Hägg S, Engelborghs S, Helisalmi S, Botne Sando S, Kern S, Archetti S, Boschi S, Fostinelli S, Gil S, Mendoza S, Mead S, Ciccone S, Djurovic S, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Riedel-Heller S, Kuulasmaa T, Del Ser T, Lebouvier T, Polak T, Ngandu T, Grimmer T, Bessi V, Escott-Price V, Giedraitis V, Deramecourt V, Maier W, Jian X, Pijnenburg YAL, Kehoe PG, Garcia-Ribas G, Sánchez-Juan P, Pastor P, Pérez-Tur J, Piñol-Ripoll G, Lopez de Munain A, García-Alberca JM, Bullido MJ, Álvarez V, Lleó A, Real LM, Mir P, Medina M, Scheltens P, Holstege H, Marquié M, Sáez ME, Carracedo Á, Amouyel P, Schellenberg GD, Williams J, Seshadri S, van Duijn CM, Mather KA, Sánchez-Valle R, Serrano-Ríos M, Orellana A, Tárraga L, Blennow K, Huisman M, Andreassen OA, Posthuma D, Clarimón J, Boada M, van der Flier WM, Ramirez A, Lambert JC, van der Lee SJ, Ruiz A. Author Correction: Common variants in Alzheimer's disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores. Nat Commun 2023; 14:716. [PMID: 36759603 PMCID: PMC9911386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niccolo Tesi
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft Univeristy of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, U1167-Labex DISTALZ-RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Victor Andrade
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iris E Jansen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Najada Stringa
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Montrreal
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Antúnez
- Unidad de Demencias, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Anna Antonell
- Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders unit. Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rick M Tankard
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinial Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, U1167-Labex DISTALZ-RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Inés Quintela
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN-PRB3-ISCIII), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Calero
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Demencias, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Macías
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Cervera-Carles
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Menéndez-González
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Frank-García
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, La Paz University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Royo
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímicas e Inmunología, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fermin Moreno
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Neurosciences Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Raquel Huerto Vilas
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Miquel Baquero
- Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mónica Diez-Fairen
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Lage
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Alarcón-Martín
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímicas e Inmunología, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sergi Valero
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Sotolongo-Grau
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abbe Ullgren
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alba Benaque
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Pérez-Cordón
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Rábano
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
- BT-CIEN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Alfonso Arias Pastor
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Almar A L Kok
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alun Meggy
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ana Belén Pastor
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
- BT-CIEN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anaïs Corma-Gómez
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Angel Martín Montes
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Sanabria
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anita L DeStefano
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Kinhult Ståhlbom
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arturo Corbatón-Anchuelo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna, Department of Research and Innovation, Haugesund, Norway
- University of Bergen, Institute of Clinical Medicine (K1), Bergen, Norway
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Brian W Kunkle
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Camille Charbonnier
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, FHU G4 Génomique, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Carla Abdelnour
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Martínez Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Fernandez
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr.Negrín, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Carole Dufouil
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, CIC 1401-EC, Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pole de Santé Publique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline Graff
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina B Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Caterina Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Chandra A Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp., Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christopher Clark
- Insititute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Clive Holmes
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dolores Buiza-Rueda
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre of Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - David Wallon
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Neurology and CNR-MAJ, FHU G4 Génomique, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Davide Seripa
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Elio Scarpini
- University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Conti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca and Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Rubino
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Emmanuelle Duron
- APHP, Hôpital Brousse, equipe INSERM 1178, MOODS, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team MOODS, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
- APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fahri Küçükali
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp., Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Inserm U1172, CHU, DISTAlz, LiCEND, Univ Lille, Lille, France
- CHU CNR-MAJ, Lille, France
| | - Florentino Sanchez-Garcia
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Geir Selbæk
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gemma Ortega
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Geneviève Chêne
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, CIC 1401-EC, Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pole de Santé Publique, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Giacomina Rossi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Giulia Grande
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- MAC-Memory Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harald Hampel
- Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Henri Bailly
- APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
- EA 4468, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ida K Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Gerontology and Aging Research Network-Jönköping (ARN-J), School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ildebrando Appollonio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca and Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, 'San Gerardo' hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Ina Giegling
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University Clinic and Outpatient Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Department of Geriatrics, Clinic of Medicine, St Olavs Hospital, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technhology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Innocenzo Rainero
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Rosas Allende
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jakub Hort
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Janine Diehl-Schmid
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jasper Van Dongen
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jean-Sebastien Vidal
- APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
- EA 4468, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jenni Lehtisalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan Vogelgsang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Juan A Pineda
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julius Popp
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Old age Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Klaus Fließbach
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born-Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp., Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders unit. Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Neurology, Ophthalmology, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lucia Farotti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca and Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, 'San Gerardo' hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Hausner
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lutz Froelich
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Candida Deniz-Naranjo
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maitée Rosende-Roca
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Malin Löwenmark
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc Hulsman
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Margaret Esiri
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford, UK
| | - María Bernal Sánchez-Arjona
- Unidad de Demencias, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria Carolina Dalmasso
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - María Teresa Martínez-Larrad
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Arcaro
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marta Fernández-Fuertes
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin J Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michela Scamosci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Research & Development Unit, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miren Zulaica
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurosciences Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Montserrat Alegret
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Natalia Roberto
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natasja M van Schoor
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nazib M Seidu
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Depatment of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver Goldhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Hanon
- APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
- EA 4468, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Olivia Anna Skrobot
- Bristol Medical School (THS), University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Olivier Quenez
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, CHU Rouen, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, FHU G4 Génomique, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Ondrej Lerch
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuro-psychobiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Unit of Neuroscience, DIMEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Dionigi Rossi
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter A Holmans
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinial Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Medicine Center East- Donauspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Riederer
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinial Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rajesh N Kalaria
- Translational and Clincial Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Campus for Ageing anf Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, VUB University Hospital Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sigrid Botne Sando
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Silke Kern
- Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Silvana Archetti
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, III Laboratory of Analysis, Brescia Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Boschi
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Fostinelli
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Gil
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Mendoza
- Alzheimer Research Center & Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga, Spain
| | - Simon Mead
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Simona Ciccone
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Teodoro Del Ser
- Department of Neurology/CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Inserm U1172, CHU, DISTAlz, LiCEND, Univ Lille, Lille, France
- CHU CNR-MAJ, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Polak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Grimmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Valentina Bessi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi Largo Brambilla, Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinial Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UKDRI Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Vincent Deramecourt
- Inserm U1172, CHU, DISTAlz, LiCEND, Univ Lille, Lille, France
- CHU CNR-MAJ, Lille, France
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Gavin Kehoe
- Bristol Medical School (THS), University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Pau Pastor
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Genètica Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Neurologia Genètica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Neurosciences Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jose María García-Alberca
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Alzheimer Research Center & Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga, Spain
| | - María J Bullido
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria 'Hospital la Paz' (IdIPaz), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis M Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel Medina
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henne Holstege
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Marquié
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN-PRB3-ISCIII), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-CIBERER-IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, U1167-Labex DISTALZ-RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie Williams
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinial Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders unit. Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ríos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Tárraga
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martijn Huisman
- Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CHU Lille, U1167-Labex DISTALZ-RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Jessen F, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineindam L, Spottke A, Altenstein S, Bartels C, Berger M, Brosseron F, Daamen M, Dichgans M, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fenski F, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Glanz W, Görß D, Gürsel S, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kobeleva X, Lohse A, Maier F, Metzger C, Munk M, Preis L, Sanzenbacher C, Spruth E, Rauchmann B, Vukovich R, Yakupov R, Weyrauch AS, Ziegler G, Schmid M, Laske C, Perneczky R, Schneider A, Wiltfang J, Teipel S, Bürger K, Priller J, Peters O, Ramirez A, Boecker H, Heneka MT, Wagner M, Düzel E. Subjective cognitive decline and stage 2 of Alzheimer disease in patients from memory centers. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:487-497. [PMID: 35451563 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is uncertain whether subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in individuals who seek medical help serves the identification of the initial symptomatic stage 2 of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. METHODS Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the multicenter, memory clinic-based DELCODE study. RESULTS The SCD group showed slightly worse cognition as well as more subtle functional and behavioral symptoms than the control group (CO). SCD-A+ cases (39.3% of all SCD) showed greater hippocampal atrophy, lower cognitive and functional performance, and more behavioral symptoms than CO-A+. Amyloid concentration in the CSF had a greater effect on longitudinal cognitive decline in SCD than in the CO group. DISCUSSION Our data suggests that SCD serves the identification of stage 2 of the AD continuum and that stage 2, operationalized as SCD-A+, is associated with subtle, but extended impact of AD pathology in terms of neurodegeneration, symptoms and clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineindam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Institute for Medical Biometry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marcel Daamen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Friederike Fenski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doreen Görß
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Selim Gürsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xenia Kobeleva
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Coraline Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Munk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Sanzenbacher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eike Spruth
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany
| | - Ruth Vukovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Weyrauch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Medical Biometry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, München, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Katharina Bürger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Radiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Gerontopsychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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31
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Ersoezlue E, Rauchmann BS, Schneider-Axmann T, Wagner M, Ballarini T, Tato M, Utecht J, Kurz C, Papazov B, Guersel S, Burow L, Koller G, Stöcklein S, Keeser D, Bartels C, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Cetindag AC, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Frommann I, Haynes JD, Heneka MT, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kleinedam L, Laske C, Maier F, Metzger CD, Munk MH, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Ramirez A, Roeske S, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Duezel E, Jessen F, Perneczky R. Lifelong experiences as a proxy of cognitive reserve moderate the association between connectivity and cognition in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 122:33-44. [PMID: 36476760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with alterations in functional connectivity (FC) of the brain. The FC underpinnings of CR, that is, lifelong experiences, are largely unknown. Resting-state FC and structural MRI were performed in 76 CSF amyloid-β (Aβ) negative healthy controls and 152 Aβ positive individuals as an AD spectrum cohort (ADS; 55 with subjective cognitive decline, SCD; 52 with mild cognitive impairment; 45 with AD dementia). Following a region-of-interest (ROI) FC analysis, intrinsic network connectivity within the default-mode network (INC-DMN) and anti-correlation in INC between the DMN and dorsal attention network (DMN:DAN) were obtained as composite scores. CR was estimated by education and Lifetime Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ). The association between INC-DMN and MEM was attenuated by higher LEQ scores in the entire ADS group, particularly in SCD. In ROI analyses, higher LEQ scores were associated with higher FC within the DMN in ADS group. INC-DMN remains relatively intact despite memory decline in individuals with higher lifetime activity estimates, supporting a role for functional networks in maintaining cognitive function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Ersoezlue
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Thomas Schneider-Axmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Tommaso Ballarini
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Maia Tato
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Utecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Kurz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Papazov
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selim Guersel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Burow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Koller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Stöcklein
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arda C Cetindag
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - John D Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Luca Kleinedam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Coraline D Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike J Spruth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Duezel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurology (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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32
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Brosseron F, Maass A, Kleineidam L, Ravichandran KA, Kolbe CC, Wolfsgruber S, Santarelli F, Häsler LM, McManus R, Ising C, Röske S, Peters O, Cosma NC, Schneider LS, Wang X, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Wiltfang J, Schott BH, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Dichgans M, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Görß D, Laske C, Munk MH, Düzel E, Yakupow R, Dobisch L, Metzger CD, Glanz W, Ewers M, Dechent P, Haynes JD, Scheffler K, Roy N, Rostamzadeh A, Spottke A, Ramirez A, Mengel D, Synofzik M, Jucker M, Latz E, Jessen F, Wagner M, Heneka MT. Serum IL-6, sAXL, and YKL-40 as systemic correlates of reduced brain structure and function in Alzheimer's disease: results from the DELCODE study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:13. [PMID: 36631909 PMCID: PMC9835320 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation constitutes a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Still, it remains unresolved if peripheral inflammatory markers can be utilized for research purposes similar to blood-based beta-amyloid and neurodegeneration measures. We investigated experimental inflammation markers in serum and analyzed interrelations towards AD pathology features in a cohort with a focus on at-risk stages of AD. METHODS Data of 74 healthy controls (HC), 99 subjective cognitive decline (SCD), 75 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 23 AD relatives, and 38 AD subjects were obtained from the DELCODE cohort. A panel of 20 serum biomarkers was determined using immunoassays. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, APOE status, and body mass index and included correlations between serum and CSF marker levels and AD biomarker levels. Group-wise comparisons were based on screening diagnosis and routine AD biomarker-based schematics. Structural imaging data were combined into composite scores representing Braak stage regions and related to serum biomarker levels. The Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC5) score was used to test for associations between the biomarkers and cognitive performance. RESULTS Each experimental marker displayed an individual profile of interrelations to AD biomarkers, imaging, or cognition features. Serum-soluble AXL (sAXL), IL-6, and YKL-40 showed the most striking associations. Soluble AXL was significantly elevated in AD subjects with pathological CSF beta-amyloid/tau profile and negatively related to structural imaging and cognitive function. Serum IL-6 was negatively correlated to structural measures of Braak regions, without associations to corresponding IL-6 CSF levels or other AD features. Serum YKL-40 correlated most consistently to CSF AD biomarker profiles and showed the strongest negative relations to structure, but none to cognitive outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Serum sAXL, IL-6, and YKL-40 relate to different AD features, including the degree of neuropathology and cognitive functioning. This may suggest that peripheral blood signatures correspond to specific stages of the disease. As serum markers did not reflect the corresponding CSF protein levels, our data highlight the need to interpret serum inflammatory markers depending on the respective protein's specific biology and cellular origin. These marker-specific differences will have to be considered to further define and interpret blood-based inflammatory profiles for AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Brosseron
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne Maass
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kishore Aravind Ravichandran
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Carl-Christian Kolbe
- grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XInstitute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.420044.60000 0004 0374 4101Bayer AG, Alfred-Nobel-Straße 50, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Francesco Santarelli
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lisa M. Häsler
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department Cellular Neurology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Róisín McManus
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Ising
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.452408.fExcellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicoleta-Carmen Cosma
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa-Sophie Schneider
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiao Wang
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Eike J. Spruth
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany ,grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7311.40000000123236065Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Björn H. Schott
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany ,grid.418723.b0000 0001 2109 6265Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany ,grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.452617.3Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK ,grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- grid.411095.80000 0004 0477 2585Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany ,grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany ,grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Doreen Görß
- grid.413108.f0000 0000 9737 0454Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H. Munk
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany ,grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupow
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Coraline D. Metzger
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany ,grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany ,grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- grid.7450.60000 0001 2364 4210MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- grid.6363.00000 0001 2218 4662Bernstein Center for Computational Neurosciences, Charité – Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.452408.fExcellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Köln, Germany ,grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany ,Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - David Mengel
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Jucker
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department Cellular Neurology, University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Strasse 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XInstitute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.452408.fExcellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Köln, Germany ,grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.15090.3d0000 0000 8786 803XDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany ,grid.16008.3f0000 0001 2295 9843Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7 avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, 4362 Esch-sur- Alzette, Luxembourg
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33
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Kruse C, Maier F, Spottke A, Bach JP, Bartels C, Buerger K, Fellgiebel A, Fliessbach K, Frölich L, Hausner L, Hellmich M, Klöppel S, Klostermann A, Kornhuber J, Laske C, Peters O, Priller J, Richter-Schmidinger T, Schneider A, Shah-Hosseini K, Teipel S, von Arnim CAF, Wiltfang J, van der Wurp H, Dodel R, Jessen F. Apathy in patients with Alzheimer's disease is a cost-driving factor. Alzheimers Dement 2023. [PMID: 36588502 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apathy is the most frequent neuropsychiatric symptom in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). We analyzed the influence of apathy on the resource use of DAT patients and their caregivers. METHODS Included were baseline data of 107 DAT patients from a randomized clinical trial on apathy treatment. The Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD) instrument assessed costs over a 1-month period prior to baseline. Cost predictors were determined via a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). RESULTS On average, total monthly costs were €3070, of which €2711 accounted for caregivers' and €359 for patients' costs. An increase of one point in the Apathy Evaluation Scale resulted in a 4.1% increase in total costs. DISCUSSION Apathy is a significant cost driving factor for total costs in mild to moderate DAT. Effective treatment of apathy might be associated with reduced overall costs in DAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kruse
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Center for Translational Neurological and Behavioural Research, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan-Philipp Bach
- Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Fellgiebel
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age, Landeskrankenhaus (AöR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Lutz Frölich
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lucrezia Hausner
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hellmich
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Klöppel
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arne Klostermann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Charité Berlin & Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Richter-Schmidinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Klinik für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen und Gerontopsychiatrie, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kija Shah-Hosseini
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Hendrik van der Wurp
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Center for Translational Neurological and Behavioural Research, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.,Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Richard Dodel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Center for Translational Neurological and Behavioural Research, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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34
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Daamen M, Scheef L, Li S, Grothe MJ, Gaertner FC, Buchert R, Buerger K, Dobisch L, Drzezga A, Essler M, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Herrera Melendez AL, Hetzer S, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Krause BJ, Lange C, Laske C, Munk MH, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Reimold M, Rominger A, Rostamzadeh A, Roeske S, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel SJ, Wagner M, Düzel E, Jessen F, Boecker H. Cortical Amyloid Burden Relates to Basal Forebrain Volume in Subjective Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:1013-1028. [PMID: 37638433 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrophy of cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) nuclei is a frequent finding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetry studies that examined patients with prodromal or clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD), but less clear for individuals in earlier stages of the clinical AD continuum. OBJECTIVE To examine BF volume reductions in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) participants with AD pathologic changes. METHODS The present study compared MRI-based BF volume measurements in age- and sex-matched samples of N = 24 amyloid-positive and N = 24 amyloid-negative SCD individuals, based on binary visual ratings of Florbetaben positron emission tomography (PET) measurements. Additionally, we assessed associations of BF volume with cortical amyloid burden, based on semiquantitative Centiloid (CL) analyses. RESULTS Group differences approached significance for BF total volume (p = 0.061) and the Ch4 subregion (p = 0.059) only, showing the expected relative volume reductions for the amyloid-positive subgroup. There were also significant inverse correlations between BF volumes and CL values, which again were most robust for BF total volume and the Ch4 subregion. CONCLUSIONS The results are consistent with the hypothesis that amyloid-positive SCD individuals, which are considered to represent a transitional stage on the clinical AD continuum, already show incipient alterations of BF integrity. The negative association with a continuous measure of cortical amyloid burden also suggests that this may reflect an incremental process. Yet, further research is needed to evaluate whether BF changes already emerge at "grey zone" levels of amyloid accumulation, before amyloidosis is reliably detected by PET visual readings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Daamen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Scheef
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- RheinAhrCampus, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, Germany
| | - Shumei Li
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Michel J Grothe
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Ralph Buchert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-2), Molecular Organization of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Markus Essler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ana Lucia Herrera Melendez
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center of Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernd Joachim Krause
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany
| | - Catharina Lange
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK Dementia Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Matthias Reimold
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Axel Rominger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan J Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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35
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Kleineidam L, Wolfsgruber S, Weyrauch AS, Zulka LE, Forstmeier S, Roeske S, van den Bussche H, Kaduszkiewicz H, Wiese B, Weyerer S, Werle J, Fuchs A, Pentzek M, Brettschneider C, König HH, Weeg D, Bickel H, Luppa M, Rodriguez FS, Freiesleben SD, Erdogan S, Unterfeld C, Peters O, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Lohse A, Priller J, Fliessbach K, Kobeleva X, Schneider A, Bartels C, Schott BH, Wiltfang J, Maier F, Glanz W, Incesoy EI, Butryn M, Düzel E, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Ewers M, Rauchmann BS, Perneczky R, Kilimann I, Görß D, Teipel S, Laske C, Munk MHJ, Spottke A, Roy N, Brosseron F, Heneka MT, Ramirez A, Yakupov R, Scherer M, Maier W, Jessen F, Riedel-Heller SG, Wagner M. Midlife occupational cognitive requirements protect cognitive function in old age by increasing cognitive reserve. Front Psychol 2022; 13:957308. [PMID: 36571008 PMCID: PMC9773841 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.957308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several lifestyle factors promote protection against Alzheimer's disease (AD) throughout a person's lifespan. Although such protective effects have been described for occupational cognitive requirements (OCR) in midlife, it is currently unknown whether they are conveyed by brain maintenance (BM), brain reserve (BR), or cognitive reserve (CR) or a combination of them. Methods We systematically derived hypotheses for these resilience concepts and tested them in the population-based AgeCoDe cohort and memory clinic-based AD high-risk DELCODE study. The OCR score (OCRS) was measured using job activities based on the O*NET occupational classification system. Four sets of analyses were conducted: (1) the interaction of OCR and APOE-ε4 with regard to cognitive decline (N = 2,369, AgeCoDe), (2) association with differentially shaped retrospective trajectories before the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT; N = 474, AgeCoDe), (3) cross-sectional interaction of the OCR and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers and brain structural measures regarding memory function (N = 873, DELCODE), and (4) cross-sectional and longitudinal association of OCR with CSF AD biomarkers and brain structural measures (N = 873, DELCODE). Results Regarding (1), higher OCRS was associated with a reduced association of APOE-ε4 with cognitive decline (mean follow-up = 6.03 years), consistent with CR and BR. Regarding (2), high OCRS was associated with a later onset but subsequently stronger cognitive decline in individuals converting to DAT, consistent with CR. Regarding (3), higher OCRS was associated with a weaker association of the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio and hippocampal volume with memory function, consistent with CR. Regarding (4), OCR was not associated with the levels or changes in CSF AD biomarkers (mean follow-up = 2.61 years). We found a cross-sectional, age-independent association of OCRS with some MRI markers, but no association with 1-year-change. OCR was not associated with the intracranial volume. These results are not completely consistent with those of BR or BM. Discussion Our results support the link between OCR and CR. Promoting and seeking complex and stimulating work conditions in midlife could therefore contribute to increased resistance to pathologies in old age and might complement prevention measures aimed at reducing pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Kleineidam
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,*Correspondence: Luca Kleineidam
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Weyrauch
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Linn E. Zulka
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Psychology and Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simon Forstmeier
- Developmental Psychology and Clinical Psychology of the Lifespan, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik van den Bussche
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Kaduszkiewicz
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,Medical Faculty, Institute of General Practice, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Birgitt Wiese
- Center for Information Management, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weyerer
- Medical Faculty, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Werle
- Medical Faculty, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Fuchs
- Medical Faculty, Centre for Health and Society (CHS), Institute of General Practice (ifam), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Pentzek
- Medical Faculty, Centre for Health and Society (CHS), Institute of General Practice (ifam), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Brettschneider
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Weeg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Horst Bickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Luppa
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Francisca S. Rodriguez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Medical Faculty, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Campus Berlin-Buch, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany,Memory Clinic and Dementia Prevention Center, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Selin Erdogan
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Campus Berlin-Buch, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany,Memory Clinic and Dementia Prevention Center, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Chantal Unterfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Campus Berlin-Buch, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany,Memory Clinic and Dementia Prevention Center, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike J. Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Xenia Kobeleva
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Björn H. Schott
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany,Department of Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Enise I. Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Butryn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany,Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,Sheeld Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheeld, Sheeld, United Kingdom
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Doreen Görß
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H. J. Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany,Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Michael T. Heneka
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
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Vogelgsang J, Klafki H, Morgado B, Jahn‐Brodmann A, Esselmann H, Bauer C, Schuchhardt J, Peters O, Priller J, Schneider A, Fliessbach K, Jessen F, Duzel E, Buerger K, Perneczky R, Teipel S, Laske C, Spottke A, Heneka MT, Ramirez A, Wiltfang J. Prognostic value of plasma Amyloid‐β 42/40 ratio in early and pre‐clinical AD. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Vogelgsang
- McLean Hospital, HMS Belmont MA USA
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Goettingen Germany
| | - Hans Klafki
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Goettingen Germany
| | - Barbara Morgado
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Goettingen Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine Munich Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn/Cologne Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- University Hospital Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- University of Rostock Rostock Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) ‐ Rostock/Greifswald Rostock Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- University of Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tuebingen Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Cologne Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Goettingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen Germany
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37
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Krohn F, Sarkar M, Schütze H, Yakupov R, Spottke A, Hämmerer D, Schneider A, Heneka MT, Fließbach K, Kilimann I, Teipel S, Jessen F, Duzel E, Betts M. Substantia nigra integrity is associated with poorer recognition memory for novel stimuli in early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.068734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Krohn
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Mousumi Sarkar
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Dorothea Hämmerer
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | | | - Klaus Fließbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Matthew Betts
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
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Brosseron F, Maass A, Kleineidam L, Ravichandran KA, Peters O, Priller J, Schneider A, Fließbach K, Wiltfang J, Duzel E, Buerger K, Perneczky R, Teipel S, Laske C, Spottke A, Teunissen CE, Synofzik M, Wagner M, Jessen F, Ramirez A, Ruiz A, Heneka MT. Soluble TAM receptor biomarkers: Neuroprotection in AD neuroinflammation?". Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Magdeburg Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Kishore Aravind Ravichandran
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI Edinburgh United Kingdom
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine Munich Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Klaus Fließbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich Germany
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Rostock Rostock Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) ‐ Rostock/Greifswald Rostock Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tuebingen Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Tübingen Germany
- Centre for Neurology and Hertie‐Institute for Clinical Brain Research Hoppe‐Seyler‐Str Tuebingen Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn/Cologne Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases San Antonio TX USA
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Cologne Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, ACE Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Barcelona Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg 7 avenue des Hauts Fourneaux 4362 Esch‐sur‐ Alzette, Luxembourg Luxembourg
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA USA
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Hayek D, Ziegler G, Kleineidam L, Brosseron F, Vockert N, Buerger K, Fliessbach K, Laske C, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Schneider A, Spottke A, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Jessen F, Duzel E, Wagner M, Heneka MT, Maass A. Effect of Neuroinflammation on white matter structure and memory performance in the spectrum from aging to AD. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.060702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Hayek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Niklas Vockert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tuebingen Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen Tuebingen Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI Edinburgh United Kingdom
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine Munich Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases San Antonio TX USA
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Cologne Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medicine Rostock Rostock Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) ‐ Rostock/Greifswald Rostock Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, University of Goettingen Goettingen Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Magdeburg Germany
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Sannemann L, Meiberth DU, Schild A, Bürger K, Heneka MT, Christoph L, Perneczky R, Peters O, Priller J, Schneider A, Spottke A, Teipel S, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Wagner M, Duzel E, Jessen F. Underlying clusters of NIA‐AA Research Framework stage 2 criteria and their relationship with AD biomarkers in the DELCODE study. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.062235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Sannemann
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Dix U. Meiberth
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Ann‐Katrin Schild
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Katharina Bürger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research Munich Germany
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Laske Christoph
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenarative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich Germany
- Imperial College London London United Kingdom
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich Germany
- University Hospital, LMU Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI Edinburgh United Kingdom
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine Munich Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Berlin Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Rostock University Medical Centre Rostock Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) ‐ Rostock/Greifswald Rostock Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
- University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Goettingen Germany
| | | | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Cologne Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
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41
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Jessen F, Kleineidam L, Wolfsgruber S, Spottke A, Brosseron F, Laske C, Perneczky R, Schneider A, Wiltfang J, Teipel S, Bürger K, Priller J, Peters O, Ramirez A, Boecker H, Heneka MT, Wagner M, Duzel E. Speed of cognitive decline in biomarker stratified SCD subgroups. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Cologne Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany Bonn Germany
| | | | - Christoph Laske
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- The Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London London United Kingdom
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Rostock/Greifswald(DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald Germany
| | | | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | | | - Michael T. Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 7 avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, 4362 Esch‐sur‐ Alzette Luxembourg Luxembourg
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
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42
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Vockert N, Schütze H, Richter A, Altenstein S, Bartels C, Brosseron F, Cardenas‐Blanco A, Dahmen P, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Fließbach K, Freiesleben SD, Glanz W, Goerss D, Haynes J, Heneka MT, Kilimann I, Kimmich O, Kleineidam L, Laske C, Lohse A, Metzger CD, Munk MHJ, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Ramirez A, Roeske S, Rostamzadeh A, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Zeidman P, Jessen F, Schott BH, Duzel E, Maass A, Ziegler G. A Cognitive Reserve Network That Moderates the Relationship Between Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Cognition. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.062134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Vockert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany
| | | | - Arturo Cardenas‐Blanco
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Philip Dahmen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR‐Research in Neurosciences, Georg‐August‐University Goettingen, Goettingen Germany Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Klaus Fließbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Humbold‐Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Berlin Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center Rostock Germany
| | - John‐Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité ‐ Universitaetsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center Rostock Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Rostock Germany
| | - Okka Kimmich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Andrea Lohse
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Coraline D. Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Matthias H. J. Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen Germany
- Systems Neurophysiology, Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology Darmstadt Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases San Antonio TX USA
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Sandra Roeske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Tuebingen Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center Rostock Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center Bonn Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Peter Zeidman
- Wellcome Center for Human Neuroimaging London United Kingdom
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty Cologne Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG) Göttingen Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Goettingen Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Magdeburg Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Magdeburg Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto‐von‐Guericke University Magdeburg Germany
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Simoes FA, Joilin G, Peters O, Schneider LS, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Vogt I, Kimmich O, Spottke A, Hoffmann DC, Falkenburger B, Brandt M, Prudlo J, Brockmann K, Fries FL, Rowe JB, Church A, Respondek G, Newbury SF, Leigh PN, Morris HR, Höglinger GU, Hafezparast M. Potential of Non-Coding RNA as Biomarkers for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314554. [PMID: 36498882 PMCID: PMC9738832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective markers for the neurodegenerative disorder progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are needed to provide a timely diagnosis with greater certainty. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), including microRNA, piwi-interacting RNA, and transfer RNA, are good candidate markers in other neurodegenerative diseases, but have not been investigated in PSP. Therefore, as proof of principle, we sought to identify whether they were dysregulated in matched serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with PSP. Small RNA-seq was undertaken on serum and CSF samples from healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with PSP (n = 31) in two cohorts, with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to confirm their dysregulation. Using RT-qPCR, we found in serum significant down-regulation in hsa-miR-92a-3p, hsa-miR-626, hsa-piR-31068, and tRNA-ValCAC. In CSF, both hsa-let-7a-5p and hsa-piR-31068 showed significant up-regulation, consistent with their changes observed in the RNA-seq results. Interestingly, we saw no correlation in the expression of hsa-piR-31068 within our matched serum and CSF samples, suggesting there is no common dysregulatory mechanism between the two biofluids. While these changes were in a small cohort of samples, we have provided novel evidence that ncRNA in biofluids could be possible diagnostic biomarkers for PSP and further work will help to expand this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio A. Simoes
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Greig Joilin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Vogt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
| | - Okka Kimmich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | | | - Björn Falkenburger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Moritz Brandt
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Prudlo
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franca Laura Fries
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - James B. Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Alistair Church
- Department of Neurology, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport NP20 2UB, UK
| | - Gesine Respondek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - P. Nigel Leigh
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Huw R. Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Günter U. Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Majid Hafezparast
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1273-678214
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44
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Nemy M, Dyrba M, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Glanz W, Goerss D, Heneka MT, Hetzer S, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Maier F, Munk MH, Perneczky R, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Rauchmann BS, Röske S, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Schott BH, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Yakupov R, Eriksdotter M, Westman E, Stepankova O, Vyslouzilova L, Düzel E, Jessen F, Teipel SJ, Ferreira D. Cholinergic white matter pathways along the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Brain 2022; 146:2075-2088. [PMID: 36288546 PMCID: PMC10151179 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert and its white matter projections are affected in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it is still unknown if these alterations can be found in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and whether they are more pronounced than changes found in conventional brain volumetric measurements. To address these questions, we investigated microstructural alterations of two major cholinergic pathways in individuals along the AD continuum using an in vivo model of the human cholinergic system based on neuroimaging.
We included 405 participants (53 AD, 66 MCI, 174 SCD, and 112 healthy controls) from the Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE). We modelled the cholinergic white matter pathways with an enhanced diffusion neuroimaging pipeline that included probabilistic fiber-tracking methods and prior anatomical knowledge. The integrity of the cholinergic white matter pathways was compared between stages of the AD continuum, in the whole cohort and in a CSF amyloid-beta stratified subsample. The discriminative power of the integrity of the pathways was compared to the conventional volumetric measures of hippocampus and nucleus basalis of Meynert, using a receiver operating characteristics analysis. A multivariate model was employed to investigate the role of these pathways in relation to cognitive performance.
We found that the integrity of the cholinergic white matter pathways was significantly reduced in all stages of the AD continuum, including individuals with SCD. The differences involved posterior cholinergic white matter in the SCD stage and extended to anterior frontal white matter in MCI and AD dementia stages. Both cholinergic pathways and conventional volumetric measures showed higher predictive power in the more advanced stages of the disease, i.e., MCI and AD dementia. In contrast, the integrity of cholinergic pathways was more informative in distinguishing SCD from healthy controls, as compared with the volumetric measures. The multivariate model revealed a moderate contribution of the cholinergic white matter pathways but not of volumetric measures towards memory tests in the SCD and MCI stages.
In conclusion, we demonstrated that cholinergic white matter pathways are altered already in SCD individuals, preceding the more widespread alterations found in MCI and AD. The integrity of the cholinergic pathways identified the early stages of AD better than conventional volumetric measures such as hippocampal volume or volume of cholinergic nucleus basalis of Meynert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Nemy
- Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Assistive Technology, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Martin Dyrba
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Rostock , Germany
| | | | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich , Munich , Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital , LMU Munich, Munich , Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen , Goettingen , Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich , Munich , Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital , LMU Munich, Munich , Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Rostock , Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Magdeburg , Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital , LMU Munich, Munich , Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Rostock , Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Tübingen , Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty , Cologne , Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Tübingen , Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich , Munich , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital , LMU Munich, Munich , Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich , Munich , Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London , London , UK
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neurosciences (SITraN), University of Sheffield , Sheffield , UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Berlin , Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry , Berlin , Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry , Berlin , Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Berlin , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Charité, Berlin , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich , Munich , Germany
- University of Edinburgh and UK DRI , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital , LMU Munich, Munich , Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Goettingen , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen , Goettingen , Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Eike J Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Berlin , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Charité, Berlin , Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Goettingen , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen , Goettingen , Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Maria Eriksdotter
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Erik Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
- Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London , London , UK
| | - Olga Stepankova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Assistive Technology, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Vyslouzilova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Assistive Technology, Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics, Czech Technical University in Prague , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Magdeburg , Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Bonn , Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty , Cologne , Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Stefan J Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) , Rostock , Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center , Rostock , Germany
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
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Böttcher A, Zarucha A, Köbe T, Gaubert M, Höppner A, Altenstein S, Bartels C, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Frommann I, Haynes JD, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Kleineidam L, Laske C, Maier F, Metzger C, Munk MHJ, Perneczky R, Peters O, Priller J, Rauchmann BS, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Teipel SJ, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Düzel E, Jessen F, Röske S, Wagner M, Kempermann G, Wirth M. Musical Activity During Life Is Associated With Multi-Domain Cognitive and Brain Benefits in Older Adults. Front Psychol 2022; 13:945709. [PMID: 36092026 PMCID: PMC9454948 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.945709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular musical activity as a complex multimodal lifestyle activity is proposed to be protective against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. This cross-sectional study investigated the association and interplay between musical instrument playing during life, multi-domain cognitive abilities and brain morphology in older adults (OA) from the DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) study. Participants reporting having played a musical instrument across three life periods (n = 70) were compared to controls without a history of musical instrument playing (n = 70), well-matched for reserve proxies of education, intelligence, socioeconomic status and physical activity. Participants with musical activity outperformed controls in global cognition, working memory, executive functions, language, and visuospatial abilities, with no effects seen for learning and memory. The musically active group had greater gray matter volume in the somatosensory area, but did not differ from controls in higher-order frontal, temporal, or hippocampal volumes. However, the association between gray matter volume in distributed frontal-to-temporal regions and cognitive abilities was enhanced in participants with musical activity compared to controls. We show that playing a musical instrument during life relates to better late-life cognitive abilities and greater brain capacities in OA. Musical activity may serve as a multimodal enrichment strategy that could help preserve cognitive and brain health in late life. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to support this notion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Böttcher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
- Section of Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexis Zarucha
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa Köbe
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Malo Gaubert
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Angela Höppner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité – Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Coraline Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias H. J. Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Systems Neurophysiology, Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan J. Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerd Kempermann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Miranka Wirth,
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Georgakis MK, Fang R, Düring M, Wollenweber FA, Bode FJ, Stösser S, Kindlein C, Hermann P, Liman TG, Nolte CH, Kerti L, Ikenberg B, Bernkopf K, Poppert H, Glanz W, Perosa V, Janowitz D, Wagner M, Neumann K, Speck O, Dobisch L, Düzel E, Gesierich B, Dewenter A, Spottke A, Waegemann K, Görtler M, Wunderlich S, Endres M, Zerr I, Petzold G, Dichgans M. Cerebral small vessel disease burden and cognitive and functional outcomes after stroke: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 19:1152-1163. [PMID: 35876563 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains unknown whether the global small vessel disease (SVD) burden predicts post-stroke outcomes. METHODS In a prospective multicenter study of 666 ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients, we quantified magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based SVD markers (lacunes, white matter hyperintensities, microbleeds, perivascular spaces) and explored associations with 6- and 12-month cognitive (battery of 15 neuropsychological tests) and functional (modified Rankin scale) outcomes. RESULTS A global SVD score (range 0-4) was associated with cognitive impairment; worse performance in executive function, attention, language, and visuospatial ability; and worse functional outcome across a 12-month follow-up. Although the global SVD score did not improve prediction, individual SVD markers, assessed across their severity range, improved the calibration, discrimination, and reclassification of predictive models including demographic, clinical, and other imaging factors. DISCUSSION SVD presence and severity are associated with worse cognitive and functional outcomes 12 months after stroke. Assessing SVD severity may aid prognostication for stroke patients. HIGHLIGHTS In a multi-center cohort, we explored associations of small vessel disease (SVD) burden with stroke outcomes. SVD burden associates with post-stroke cognitive and functional outcomes. A currently used score of SVD burden does not improve the prediction of poor outcomes. Assessing the severity of SVD lesions adds predictive value beyond known predictors. To add predictive value in assessing SVD in stroke patients, SVD burden scores should integrate lesion severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios K Georgakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rong Fang
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Düring
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG) and qbig, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank A Wollenweber
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix J Bode
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stösser
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Kindlein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas G Liman
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian H Nolte
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucia Kerti
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Ikenberg
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathleen Bernkopf
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Poppert
- Department of Neurology, Helios Klinikum München West, Munich, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Perosa
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Katja Neumann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Speck
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Institute for Physics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Benno Gesierich
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Dewenter
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karin Waegemann
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Görtler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Silke Wunderlich
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabor Petzold
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
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47
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Billette OV, Ziegler G, Aruci M, Schütze H, Kizilirmak JM, Richter A, Altenstein S, Bartels C, Brosseron F, Cardenas-Blanco A, Dahmen P, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Glanz W, Göerß D, Haynes JD, Heneka MT, Kilimann I, Kimmich O, Kleineidam L, Laske C, Lohse A, Rostamzadeh A, Metzger C, Munk MH, Peters O, Preis L, Priller J, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Ramirez A, Röske S, Roy N, Teipel S, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Wolfsgruber S, Yakupov R, Zeidman P, Jessen F, Schott BH, Düzel E, Maass A. Novelty-Related fMRI Responses of Precuneus and Medial Temporal Regions in Individuals at Risk for Alzheimer Disease. Neurology 2022; 99:e775-e788. [PMID: 35995589 PMCID: PMC9484732 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives We assessed whether novelty-related fMRI activity in medial temporal lobe regions and the precuneus follows an inverted U-shaped pattern across the clinical spectrum of increased Alzheimer disease (AD) risk as previously suggested. Specifically, we tested for potentially increased activity in individuals with a higher AD risk due to subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We further tested whether activity differences related to diagnostic groups were accounted for by CSF markers of AD or brain atrophy. Methods We studied 499 participants aged 60–88 years from the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE) who underwent task-fMRI. Participants included 163 cognitively normal (healthy control, HC) individuals, 222 SCD, 82 MCI, and 32 patients with clinical diagnosis of mild AD. CSF levels of β-amyloid 42/40 ratio and phosphorylated-tau181 were available from 232 participants. We used region-based analyses to assess novelty-related activity (novel > highly familiar scenes) in entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, and precuneus as well as whole-brain voxel-wise analyses. First, general linear models tested differences in fMRI activity between participant groups. Complementary regression models tested quadratic relationships between memory impairment and activity. Second, relationships of activity with AD CSF biomarkers and brain volume were analyzed. Analyses were controlled for age, sex, study site, and education. Results In the precuneus, we observed an inverted U-shaped pattern of novelty-related activity across groups, with higher activity in SCD and MCI compared with HC, but not in patients with AD who showed relatively lower activity than MCI. This nonlinear pattern was confirmed by a quadratic relationship between memory impairment and precuneus activity. Precuneus activity was not related to AD biomarkers or brain volume. In contrast to the precuneus, hippocampal activity was reduced in AD dementia compared with all other groups and related to AD biomarkers. Discussion Novelty-related activity in the precuneus follows a nonlinear pattern across the clinical spectrum of increased AD risk. Although the underlying mechanism remains unclear, increased precuneus activity might represent an early signature of memory impairment. Our results highlight the nonlinearity of activity alterations that should be considered in clinical trials using functional outcome measures or targeting hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella V Billette
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Merita Aruci
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Jasmin M Kizilirmak
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Anni Richter
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Claudia Bartels
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Arturo Cardenas-Blanco
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Philip Dahmen
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Peter Dechent
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Laura Dobisch
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Doreen Göerß
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Michael T Heneka
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Okka Kimmich
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Christoph Laske
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Andrea Lohse
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Coraline Metzger
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Matthias H Munk
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Lukas Preis
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Josef Priller
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Anja Schneider
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Annika Spottke
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Sandra Röske
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Nina Roy
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Stefan Teipel
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Michael Wagner
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Renat Yakupov
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Peter Zeidman
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Frank Jessen
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Björn H Schott
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Emrah Düzel
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK
| | - Anne Maass
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (O.V.B., G.Z., M.A., A.C.-B., W.G., C.M., R.Y., E.D., A.M.), Magdeburg; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND) (O.V.B., G.Z., H.S., A.C.-B., L.D., C.M., R.Y., E.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.M.K., J.W., B.H.S.), Goettingen; Department of Behavioral Neurology (A. Richter, B.H.S.), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (S.A., P. Dahmen, S.D.F., O.P., L.P., J.P., E.J.S.), Berlin; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (S.A., A.L., J.P., E.J.S.), Charité; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.B., J.W., B.H.S.), University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., O.K., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Spottke, A. Ramirez, S.R., N.R., M.W., S.W., F.J.), Bonn; University of Bonn Medical Center (F.B., K.F., M.T.H., L.K., A. Schneider, A. Ramirez, M.W., S.W.); Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn; MR-Research in Neurosciences (P. Dechent), Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Göttingen; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (D.G., I.K., S.T.), Rostock University Medical Center; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (J.D.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (I.K., S.T.), Rostock; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (C.L., M.H.M.), Tübingen; Section for Dementia Research (C.L.), Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen; Department of Psychiatry (A. Rostamzadeh), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (C.M.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg; Systems Neurophysiology (M.H.M.), Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany; Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry (O.P, L.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance (K.S.), University of Tübingen; Department of Neurology (A. Spottke), University of Bonn; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry (A. Ramirez, F.J.), Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) (A. Ramirez, F.J.), University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases (A. Ramirez), San Antonio, TX; Neurosciences and Signaling Group (J.W.), Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal; and Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (P.Z.), London, UK.
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Bellenguez C, Küçükali F, Jansen IE, Kleineidam L, Moreno-Grau S, Amin N, Naj AC, Campos-Martin R, Grenier-Boley B, Andrade V, Holmans PA, Boland A, Damotte V, van der Lee SJ, Costa MR, Kuulasmaa T, Yang Q, de Rojas I, Bis JC, Yaqub A, Prokic I, Chapuis J, Ahmad S, Giedraitis V, Aarsland D, Garcia-Gonzalez P, Abdelnour C, Alarcón-Martín E, Alcolea D, Alegret M, Alvarez I, Álvarez V, Armstrong NJ, Tsolaki A, Antúnez C, Appollonio I, Arcaro M, Archetti S, Pastor AA, Arosio B, Athanasiu L, Bailly H, Banaj N, Baquero M, Barral S, Beiser A, Pastor AB, Below JE, Benchek P, Benussi L, Berr C, Besse C, Bessi V, Binetti G, Bizarro A, Blesa R, Boada M, Boerwinkle E, Borroni B, Boschi S, Bossù P, Bråthen G, Bressler J, Bresner C, Brodaty H, Brookes KJ, Brusco LI, Buiza-Rueda D, Bûrger K, Burholt V, Bush WS, Calero M, Cantwell LB, Chene G, Chung J, Cuccaro ML, Carracedo Á, Cecchetti R, Cervera-Carles L, Charbonnier C, Chen HH, Chillotti C, Ciccone S, Claassen JAHR, Clark C, Conti E, Corma-Gómez A, Costantini E, Custodero C, Daian D, Dalmasso MC, Daniele A, Dardiotis E, Dartigues JF, de Deyn PP, de Paiva Lopes K, de Witte LD, Debette S, Deckert J, Del Ser T, Denning N, DeStefano A, Dichgans M, Diehl-Schmid J, Diez-Fairen M, Rossi PD, Djurovic S, Duron E, Düzel E, Dufouil C, Eiriksdottir G, Engelborghs S, Escott-Price V, Espinosa A, Ewers M, Faber KM, Fabrizio T, Nielsen SF, Fardo DW, Farotti L, Fenoglio C, Fernández-Fuertes M, Ferrari R, Ferreira CB, Ferri E, Fin B, Fischer P, Fladby T, Fließbach K, Fongang B, Fornage M, Fortea J, Foroud TM, Fostinelli S, Fox NC, Franco-Macías E, Bullido MJ, Frank-García A, Froelich L, Fulton-Howard B, Galimberti D, García-Alberca JM, García-González P, Garcia-Madrona S, Garcia-Ribas G, Ghidoni R, Giegling I, Giorgio G, Goate AM, Goldhardt O, Gomez-Fonseca D, González-Pérez A, Graff C, Grande G, Green E, Grimmer T, Grünblatt E, Grunin M, Gudnason V, Guetta-Baranes T, Haapasalo A, Hadjigeorgiou G, Haines JL, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Hampel H, Hanon O, Hardy J, Hartmann AM, Hausner L, Harwood J, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Helisalmi S, Heneka MT, Hernández I, Herrmann MJ, Hoffmann P, Holmes C, Holstege H, Vilas RH, Hulsman M, Humphrey J, Biessels GJ, Jian X, Johansson C, Jun GR, Kastumata Y, Kauwe J, Kehoe PG, Kilander L, Ståhlbom AK, Kivipelto M, Koivisto A, Kornhuber J, Kosmidis MH, Kukull WA, Kuksa PP, Kunkle BW, Kuzma AB, Lage C, Laukka EJ, Launer L, Lauria A, Lee CY, Lehtisalo J, Lerch O, Lleó A, Longstreth W, Lopez O, de Munain AL, Love S, Löwemark M, Luckcuck L, Lunetta KL, Ma Y, Macías J, MacLeod CA, Maier W, Mangialasche F, Spallazzi M, Marquié M, Marshall R, Martin ER, Montes AM, Rodríguez CM, Masullo C, Mayeux R, Mead S, Mecocci P, Medina M, Meggy A, Mehrabian S, Mendoza S, Menéndez-González M, Mir P, Moebus S, Mol M, Molina-Porcel L, Montrreal L, Morelli L, Moreno F, Morgan K, Mosley T, Nöthen MM, Muchnik C, Mukherjee S, Nacmias B, Ngandu T, Nicolas G, Nordestgaard BG, Olaso R, Orellana A, Orsini M, Ortega G, Padovani A, Paolo C, Papenberg G, Parnetti L, Pasquier F, Pastor P, Peloso G, Pérez-Cordón A, Pérez-Tur J, Pericard P, Peters O, Pijnenburg YAL, Pineda JA, Piñol-Ripoll G, Pisanu C, Polak T, Popp J, Posthuma D, Priller J, Puerta R, Quenez O, Quintela I, Thomassen JQ, Rábano A, Rainero I, Rajabli F, Ramakers I, Real LM, Reinders MJT, Reitz C, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Ridge P, Riedel-Heller S, Riederer P, Roberto N, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Rongve A, Allende IR, Rosende-Roca M, Royo JL, Rubino E, Rujescu D, Sáez ME, Sakka P, Saltvedt I, Sanabria Á, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Sanchez-Garcia F, Juan PS, Sánchez-Valle R, Sando SB, Sarnowski C, Satizabal CL, Scamosci M, Scarmeas N, Scarpini E, Scheltens P, Scherbaum N, Scherer M, Schmid M, Schneider A, Schott JM, Selbæk G, Seripa D, Serrano M, Sha J, Shadrin AA, Skrobot O, Slifer S, Snijders GJL, Soininen H, Solfrizzi V, Solomon A, Song Y, Sorbi S, Sotolongo-Grau O, Spalletta G, Spottke A, Squassina A, Stordal E, Tartan JP, Tárraga L, Tesí N, Thalamuthu A, Thomas T, Tosto G, Traykov L, Tremolizzo L, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Uitterlinden A, Ullgren A, Ulstein I, Valero S, Valladares O, Broeckhoven CV, Vance J, Vardarajan BN, van der Lugt A, Dongen JV, van Rooij J, van Swieten J, Vandenberghe R, Verhey F, Vidal JS, Vogelgsang J, Vyhnalek M, Wagner M, Wallon D, Wang LS, Wang R, Weinhold L, Wiltfang J, Windle G, Woods B, Yannakoulia M, Zare H, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhu C, Zulaica M, Farrer LA, Psaty BM, Ghanbari M, Raj T, Sachdev P, Mather K, Jessen F, Ikram MA, de Mendonça A, Hort J, Tsolaki M, Pericak-Vance MA, Amouyel P, Williams J, Frikke-Schmidt R, Clarimon J, Deleuze JF, Rossi G, Seshadri S, Andreassen OA, Ingelsson M, Hiltunen M, Sleegers K, Schellenberg GD, van Duijn CM, Sims R, van der Flier WM, Ruiz A, Ramirez A, Lambert JC. New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Nat Genet 2022; 54:412-436. [PMID: 35379992 PMCID: PMC9005347 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 630] [Impact Index Per Article: 315.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bellenguez
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France.
| | - Fahri Küçükali
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born - Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Iris E Jansen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rafael Campos-Martin
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Victor Andrade
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter A Holmans
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Vincent Damotte
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcos R Costa
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amber Yaqub
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ivana Prokic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julien Chapuis
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- LACDR, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Carins Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre of Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Pablo Garcia-Gonzalez
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Abdelnour
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Alarcón-Martín
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Alegret
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Alvarez
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Victoria Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias- Oviedo and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthoula Tsolaki
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Alzheimer Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Carmen Antúnez
- Unidad de Demencias, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ildebrando Appollonio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- Neurology Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Marina Arcaro
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Archetti
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, III Laboratory of Analysis, Brescia Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alfonso Arias Pastor
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Henri Bailly
- EA 4468, Université de Paris, APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Miquel Baquero
- Servei de Neurologia, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Unit of Neurology, University of Parma and AOU, Parma, Italy
- Clinic of Neurology, UH 'Alexandrovska', Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alexa Beiser
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Belén Pastor
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Penelope Benchek
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudine Berr
- Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, PSNREC, Université de Montpellier, INSERM U1061, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Besse
- CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Valentina Bessi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuliano Binetti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
- MAC - Memory Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Rafael Blesa
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Boschi
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuro-psychobiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Geir Bråthen
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Bresner
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keeley J Brookes
- Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Luis Ignacio Brusco
- Centro de Neuropsiquiatría y Neurología de la Conducta (CENECON), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento Ciencias Fisiológicas UAII, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Eva Perón, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dolores Buiza-Rueda
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katharina Bûrger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilians Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Burholt
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Wales Centre for Ageing & Dementia Research, Swansea University, Wales, New Zealand
| | - William S Bush
- Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Miguel Calero
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
- UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Geneviève Chene
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, ISPED, CIC 1401-EC, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pole Santé Publique, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jaeyoon Chung
- Medicine Biomedical Genetics Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael L Cuccaro
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN-PRB3-ISCIII), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica- CIBERER-IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Cervera-Carles
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camille Charbonnier
- Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Hung-Hsin Chen
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Caterina Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Simona Ciccone
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jurgen A H R Claassen
- Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Department of Geriatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher Clark
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zürich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Conti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Anaïs Corma-Gómez
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Emanuele Costantini
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Delphine Daian
- CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Maria Carolina Dalmasso
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Peter Paul de Deyn
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lot D de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Teodoro Del Ser
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicola Denning
- UKDRI@ Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anita DeStefano
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilians Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Janine Diehl-Schmid
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Mónica Diez-Fairen
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Paolo Dionigi Rossi
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emmanuelle Duron
- EA 4468, Université de Paris, APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carole Dufouil
- INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, ISPED, CIC 1401-EC, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pole Santé Publique, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- UKDRI@ Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilians Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lucia Farotti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Marta Fernández-Fuertes
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raffaele Ferrari
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Evelyn Ferri
- Geriatic Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Bertrand Fin
- CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Peter Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Medicine Center East- Donauspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tormod Fladby
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Klaus Fließbach
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernard Fongang
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Juan Fortea
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Silvia Fostinelli
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Emlio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Demencias, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - María J Bullido
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria 'Hospital la Paz' (IdIPaz), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Frank-García
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria 'Hospital la Paz' (IdIPaz), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lutz Froelich
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health, Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brian Fulton-Howard
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jose Maria García-Alberca
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Alzheimer Research Center & Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga, Spain
| | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giaccone Giorgio
- Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Goldhardt
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Duber Gomez-Fonseca
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Caroline Graff
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giulia Grande
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Green
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Timo Grimmer
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Grunin
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamar Guetta-Baranes
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- AI Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Harald Hampel
- GRC 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine Initiative (APMI), Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- EA 4468, Université de Paris, APHP, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories, Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucrezia Hausner
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health, Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janet Harwood
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin J Herrmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Clive Holmes
- Clinical and Experimental Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Henne Holstege
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raquel Huerto Vilas
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Marc Hulsman
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jack Humphrey
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geert Jan Biessels
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Johansson
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gyungah R Jun
- Medicine Biomedical Genetics Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuriko Kastumata
- Biostatistics, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Patrick G Kehoe
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Kinhult Ståhlbom
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Research & Development, UnitStockholms Sjukhem, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Koivisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Helsinki and Department of Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, and Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pavel P Kuksa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian W Kunkle
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carmen Lage
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Erika J Laukka
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lenore Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute of Aging, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Intramural Research Program/National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alessandra Lauria
- Geriatrics Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chien-Yueh Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jenni Lehtisalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern, Kuopio, Finland
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ondrej Lerch
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Praha, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Alberto Lleó
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - William Longstreth
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, OSAKIDETZA-Servicio Vasco de Salud, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Seth Love
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Malin Löwemark
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren Luckcuck
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yiyi Ma
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Macías
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Spallazzi
- Unit of Neurology, University of Parma and AOU, Parma, Italy
| | - Marta Marquié
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rachel Marshall
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Eden R Martin
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Angel Martín Montes
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria 'Hospital la Paz' (IdIPaz), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez Rodríguez
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias- Oviedo and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simon Mead
- MRC Prion Unit at UCL, UCL Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Miguel Medina
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alun Meggy
- UKDRI@ Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Shima Mehrabian
- Clinic of Neurology, UH 'Alexandrovska', Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Silvia Mendoza
- Alzheimer Research Center & Memory Clinic, Andalusian Institute for Neuroscience, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Menéndez-González
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias- Oviedo and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Urban Public Health, University Hospital of University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Merel Mol
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Montrreal
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Morelli
- Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration, FIL-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fermin Moreno
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, OSAKIDETZA-Servicio Vasco de Salud, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Thomas Mosley
- Memory Impairment and Neurodegenerative Dementia (MIND) Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carolina Muchnik
- Centro de Neuropsiquiatría y Neurología de la Conducta (CENECON), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), C.A.B.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, UBA, C.A.B.A, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gael Nicolas
- Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Robert Olaso
- CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michela Orsini
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Ortega
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Resources and Research Memory Center (MRRC) of Distalz, LicendUniversity of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR1172, Lille, France
| | - Pau Pastor
- Fundació Docència i Recerca MútuaTerrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital MútuaTerrassa, Terrassa, Spain
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Gina Peloso
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Boston University and the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alba Pérez-Cordón
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de València-CSIC CIBERNED, València, Spain
- Unitat Mixta de de Neurología y Genética, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària La Fe, València, Spain
| | - Pierre Pericard
- US 41-UMS 2014-PLBS, bilille, Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Oliver Peters
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan A Pineda
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida (IRBLLeida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Thomas Polak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Julius Popp
- CHUV, Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raquel Puerta
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivier Quenez
- Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Inés Quintela
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN-PRB3-ISCIII), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Rábano
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIEN Foundation/Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Innocenzo Rainero
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Farid Rajabli
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Inez Ramakers
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychologie, Maastricht University, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Luis M Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
- Depatamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Marcel J T Reinders
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Perry Ridge
- Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Riederer
- Center of Mental Health, Clinic and Policlinic of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Roberto
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Arvid Rongve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna, Haugesund Hospital, Haugesund, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (K1), The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Irene Rosas Allende
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias- Oviedo and Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Maitée Rosende-Roca
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Royo
- Departamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímicas e Inmunología, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Elisa Rubino
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Ingvild Saltvedt
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Geriatrics, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ángela Sanabria
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Bernal Sánchez-Arjona
- Unidad de Demencias, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Florentino Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Pascual Sánchez Juan
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Neurology Department-Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sigrid B Sando
- Experimental Neuro-psychobiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chloé Sarnowski
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michela Scamosci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Geir Selbæk
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Davide Seripa
- Laboratory for Advanced Hematological Diagnostics, Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, CIBERDEM, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jin Sha
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Olivia Skrobot
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Susan Slifer
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Gijsje J L Snijders
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Alina Solomon
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern, Kuopio, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yeunjoo Song
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Oscar Sotolongo-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Juan Pablo Tartan
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Tárraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Niccolo Tesí
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Section Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Department of Human Genetics Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tegos Thomas
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Alzheimer Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Giuseppe Tosto
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Latchezar Traykov
- Clinic of Neurology, UH 'Alexandrovska', Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- Neurology Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abbe Ullgren
- Center for Alzheimer Research, Department NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingun Ulstein
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sergi Valero
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Otto Valladares
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born - Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jeffery Vance
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jasper Van Dongen
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born - Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jeroen van Rooij
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frans Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychologie, Maastricht University, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jonathan Vogelgsang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Praha, Czechia
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - David Wallon
- Department of Neurology and CNR-MAJ, F 76000, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Medical Science Department, iBiMED, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gill Windle
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Bob Woods
- School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Diatetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Habil Zare
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miren Zulaica
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurosciences Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Medicine Biomedical Genetics Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Health Service, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Towfique Raj
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences & Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience & Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jakub Hort
- Intramural Research Program/National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Praha, Czechia
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Alzheimer Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Philippe Amouyel
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Julie Williams
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- UKDRI@ Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Giacomina Rossi
- Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Carins Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born - Bunge, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Sims
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn, Germany
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE, Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France.
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49
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Düzel E, Ziegler G, Berron D, Maass A, Schütze H, Cardenas-Blanco A, Glanz W, Metzger C, Dobisch L, Reuter M, Spottke A, Brosseron F, Fliessbach K, Heneka MT, Laske C, Peters O, Priller J, Spruth EJ, Ramirez A, Speck O, Schneider A, Teipel S, Kilimann I, Jens W, Schott BH, Preis L, Gref D, Maier F, Munk MH, Roy N, Ballarini T, Yakupov R, Haynes JD, Dechent P, Scheffler K, Wagner M, Jessen F. Amyloid pathology but not APOE ε4 status is permissive for tau-related hippocampal dysfunction. Brain 2022; 145:1473-1485. [PMID: 35352105 PMCID: PMC9128811 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the impact of tau-pathology on memory performance and on hippocampal/medial temporal memory function in non-demented individuals depends on the presence of amyloid pathology, irrespective of diagnostic clinical stage. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the observational, multicentric DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study (DELCODE). Two hundred and thirty-five participants completed task functional MRI and provided CSF (92 cognitively unimpaired, 100 experiencing subjective cognitive decline and 43 with mild cognitive impairment). Presence (A+) and absence (A−) of amyloid pathology was defined by CSF amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) levels. Free recall performance in the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test, scene recognition memory accuracy and hippocampal/medial temporal functional MRI novelty responses to scene images were related to CSF total-tau and phospho-tau levels separately for A+ and A− individuals. We found that total-tau and phospho-tau levels were negatively associated with memory performance in both tasks and with novelty responses in the hippocampus and amygdala, in interaction with Aβ42 levels. Subgroup analyses showed that these relationships were only present in A+ and remained stable when very high levels of tau (>700 pg/ml) and phospho-tau (>100 pg/ml) were excluded. These relationships were significant with diagnosis, age, education, sex, assessment site and Aβ42 levels as covariates. They also remained significant after propensity score based matching of phospho-tau levels across A+ and A− groups. After classifying this matched sample for phospho-tau pathology (T−/T+), individuals with A+/T+ were significantly more memory-impaired than A−/T+ despite the fact that both groups had the same amount of phospho-tau pathology. ApoE status (presence of the E4 allele), a known genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, did not mediate the relationship between tau pathology and hippocampal function and memory performance. Thus, our data show that the presence of amyloid pathology is associated with a linear relationship between tau pathology, hippocampal dysfunction and memory impairment, although the actual severity of amyloid pathology is uncorrelated. Our data therefore indicate that the presence of amyloid pathology provides a permissive state for tau-related hippocampal dysfunction and hippocampus-dependent recognition and recall impairment. This raises the possibility that in the predementia stage of Alzheimer’s disease, removing the negative impact of amyloid pathology could improve memory and hippocampal function even if the amount of tau-pathology in CSF is not changed, whereas reducing increased CSF tau-pathology in amyloid-negative individuals may not proportionally improve memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - David Berron
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Maass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Arturo Cardenas-Blanco
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Clinic for Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Coraline Metzger
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Reuter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Speck
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Wiltfang Jens
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Björn-Hendrik Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daria Gref
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tomasso Ballarini
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
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Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Weyrauch AS, Barkhoff M, Röske S, Peters O, Preis L, Gref D, Spruth EJ, Altenstein S, Priller J, Fließbach K, Schneider A, Wiltfang J, Bartels C, Jessen F, Maier F, Düzel E, Metzger C, Glanz W, Buerger K, Janowitz D, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS, Kilimann I, Teipel S, Laske C, Munk MH, Roy N, Spottke A, Ramirez A, Heneka MT, Brosseron F, Wagneron M. Relevance of Subjective Cognitive Decline in Older Adults with a First-Degree Family History of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:545-555. [PMID: 35275535 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a relevant clinical marker of incipient Alzheimer's disease (AD) and future cognitive deterioration in individuals with a family history of AD (FHAD). OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of SCD with cross-sectional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarker levels and cognitive decline in cognitively normal older adults with or without a first-degree FHAD. METHODS We analyzed data from cognitively normal individuals with first-degree FHAD (n = 82 "AD relatives"; mean age: 65.7 years (SD = 4.47); 59% female) and a similar group of n = 236 healthy controls without FHAD from the DELCODE study. We measured SCD with an in-depth structured interview from which we derived a SCD score, capturing features proposed to increase likelihood of underlying AD ("SCD-plus score"). We tested whether higher SCD-plus scores were associated with more pathological CSF AD biomarker levels and cognitive decline over time and whether this association varied by group. RESULTS AD relatives showed higher SCD-plus scores than healthy controls and more cognitive decline over time. Higher SCD-plus scores also related stronger to cognitive change and abnormal CSF AD biomarker levels in the AD relatives as compared to the healthy controls group. CONCLUSION Quantification of specific SCD features can provide further information on the likelihood of early AD pathology and cognitive decline among AD relatives. FHAD and SCD appear as synergistically acting enrichment strategies in AD research, the first one as a permanent indicator of genetic risk, the latter one as a correlate of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Weyrauch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miriam Barkhoff
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sandra Röske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Preis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daria Gref
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fließbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany.,Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty University of Cologne, Germany.,Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Coraline Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Germany.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.,Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany.,Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagneron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,University of Bonn Medical Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
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