1
|
Guo Q, Burgess S, Turman C, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Lush M, Abraham J, Aittomäki K, Andrulis IL, Apicella C, Arndt V, Barrdahl M, Benitez J, Berg CD, Blomqvist C, Bojesen SE, Bonanni B, Brand JS, Brenner H, Broeks A, Burwinkel B, Caldas C, Campa D, Canzian F, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chin SF, Couch FJ, Cox A, Cross SS, Cybulski C, Czene K, Darabi H, Devilee P, Diver WR, Dunning AM, Earl HM, Eccles DM, Ekici AB, Eriksson M, Evans DG, Fasching PA, Figueroa J, Flesch-Janys D, Flyger H, Gapstur SM, Gaudet MM, Giles GG, Glendon G, Grip M, Gronwald J, Haeberle L, Haiman CA, Hall P, Hamann U, Hankinson S, Hartikainen JM, Hein A, Hiller L, Hogervorst FB, Holleczek B, Hooning MJ, Hoover RN, Humphreys K, Hunter DJ, Hüsing A, Jakubowska A, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Kaaks R, Kabisch M, Kataja V, Knight JA, Koppert LB, Kosma VM, Kristensen VN, Lambrechts D, Le Marchand L, Li J, Lindblom A, Lindström S, Lissowska J, Lubinski J, Machiela MJ, Mannermaa A, Manoukian S, Margolin S, Marme F, Martens JWM, McLean C, Menéndez P, Milne RL, Marie Mulligan A, Muranen TA, Nevanlinna H, Neven P, Nielsen SF, Nordestgaard BG, Olson JE, Perez JIA, Peterlongo P, Phillips KA, Poole CJ, Pylkäs K, Radice P, Rahman N, Rüdiger T, Rudolph A, Sawyer EJ, Schumacher F, Seibold P, Seynaeve C, Shah M, Smeets A, Southey MC, Tollenaar RAEM, Tomlinson I, Tsimiklis H, Ulmer HU, Vachon C, van den Ouweland AMW, Van’t Veer LJ, Wildiers H, Willett W, Winqvist R, Zamora MP, Chenevix-Trench G, Dörk T, Easton DF, García-Closas M, Kraft P, Hopper JL, Zheng W, Schmidt MK, Pharoah PDP. Body mass index and breast cancer survival: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2017; 46:1814-1822. [PMID: 29232439 PMCID: PMC5837506 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing evidence that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced survival for women with breast cancer. However, the underlying reasons remain unclear. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate a possible causal role of BMI in survival from breast cancer. Methods We used individual-level data from six large breast cancer case-cohorts including a total of 36 210 individuals (2475 events) of European ancestry. We created a BMI genetic risk score (GRS) based on genotypes at 94 known BMI-associated genetic variants. Association between the BMI genetic score and breast cancer survival was analysed by Cox regression for each study separately. Study-specific hazard ratios were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analysis. Results BMI genetic score was found to be associated with reduced breast cancer-specific survival for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cases [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.11, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.22, P = 0.03). We observed no association for ER-negative cases (HR = 1.00, per one-unit increment of GRS, 95% CI 0.89-1.13, P = 0.95). Conclusions Our findings suggest a causal effect of increased BMI on reduced breast cancer survival for ER-positive breast cancer. There is no evidence of a causal effect of higher BMI on survival for ER-negative breast cancer cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guo
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Constance Turman
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Qin Wang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Lush
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jean Abraham
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carmel Apicella
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Volker Arndt
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Myrto Barrdahl
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Christine D Berg
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith S Brand
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge NHS Foundation Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
- Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, UK
| | - Daniele Campa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, UK
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon S Cross
- Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hatef Darabi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Devilee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helena M Earl
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge NHS Foundation Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diana M Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Cancer Registry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Flyger
- Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gord Glendon
- Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Lothar Haeberle
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susan Hankinson
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Louise Hiller
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Frans B Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maartje J Hooning
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Keith Humphreys
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David J Hunter
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anika Hüsing
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Kabisch
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vesa Kataja
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Julia A Knight
- Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Linetta B Koppert
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Lindström
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center – Oncology Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Margolin
- Department of Oncology – Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federik Marme
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John WM Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catriona McLean
- Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Roger L Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology & Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Taru A Muranen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick Neven
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janet E Olson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jose IA Perez
- Servicio de Cirugía General y Especialidades, Hospital Monte Naranco, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, The FIRC (Italian Foundation for Cancer Research) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia
| | | | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Thomas Rüdiger
- Institute of Pathology, Staedtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- Research Oncology, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Petra Seibold
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ann Smeets
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rob A E M Tollenaar
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Tsimiklis
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ans MW van den Ouweland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura J Van’t Veer
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Leuven Multidisciplinary Breast Center, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Walter Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Pilar Zamora
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA and
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute – Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul DP Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Blein S, Bardel C, Danjean V, McGuffog L, Healey S, Barrowdale D, Lee A, Dennis J, Kuchenbaecker KB, Soucy P, Terry MB, Chung WK, Goldgar DE, Buys SS, Janavicius R, Tihomirova L, Tung N, Dorfling CM, van Rensburg EJ, Neuhausen SL, Ding YC, Gerdes AM, Ejlertsen B, Nielsen FC, Hansen TVO, Osorio A, Benitez J, Conejero RA, Segota E, Weitzel JN, Thelander M, Peterlongo P, Radice P, Pensotti V, Dolcetti R, Bonanni B, Peissel B, Zaffaroni D, Scuvera G, Manoukian S, Varesco L, Capone GL, Papi L, Ottini L, Yannoukakos D, Konstantopoulou I, Garber J, Hamann U, Donaldson A, Brady A, Brewer C, Foo C, Evans DG, Frost D, Eccles D, Douglas F, Cook J, Adlard J, Barwell J, Walker L, Izatt L, Side LE, Kennedy MJ, Tischkowitz M, Rogers MT, Porteous ME, Morrison PJ, Platte R, Eeles R, Davidson R, Hodgson S, Cole T, Godwin AK, Isaacs C, Claes K, De Leeneer K, Meindl A, Gehrig A, Wappenschmidt B, Sutter C, Engel C, Niederacher D, Steinemann D, Plendl H, Kast K, Rhiem K, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Varon-Mateeva R, Schmutzler RK, Preisler-Adams S, Markov NB, Wang-Gohrke S, de Pauw A, Lefol C, Lasset C, Leroux D, Rouleau E, Damiola F, Dreyfus H, Barjhoux L, Golmard L, Uhrhammer N, Bonadona V, Sornin V, Bignon YJ, Carter J, Van Le L, Piedmonte M, DiSilvestro PA, de la Hoya M, Caldes T, Nevanlinna H, Aittomäki K, Jager A, van den Ouweland AMW, Kets CM, Aalfs CM, van Leeuwen FE, Hogervorst FBL, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, Oosterwijk JC, van Roozendaal KEP, Rookus MA, Devilee P, van der Luijt RB, Olah E, Diez O, Teulé A, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Del Valle J, Jakubowska A, Sukiennicki G, Gronwald J, Lubinski J, Durda K, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Agnarsson BA, Maugard C, Amadori A, Montagna M, Teixeira MR, Spurdle AB, Foulkes W, Olswold C, Lindor NM, Pankratz VS, Szabo CI, Lincoln A, Jacobs L, Corines M, Robson M, Vijai J, Berger A, Fink-Retter A, Singer CF, Rappaport C, Kaulich DG, Pfeiler G, Tea MK, Greene MH, Mai PL, Rennert G, Imyanitov EN, Mulligan AM, Glendon G, Andrulis IL, Tchatchou S, Toland AE, Pedersen IS, Thomassen M, Kruse TA, Jensen UB, Caligo MA, Friedman E, Zidan J, Laitman Y, Lindblom A, Melin B, Arver B, Loman N, Rosenquist R, Olopade OI, Nussbaum RL, Ramus SJ, Nathanson KL, Domchek SM, Rebbeck TR, Arun BK, Mitchell G, Karlan BY, Lester J, Orsulic S, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Thomas G, Simard J, Couch FJ, Offit K, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Antoniou AC, Mazoyer S, Phelan CM, Sinilnikova OM, Cox DG. An original phylogenetic approach identified mitochondrial haplogroup T1a1 as inversely associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:61. [PMID: 25925750 PMCID: PMC4478717 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0567-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals carrying pathogenic mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have a high lifetime risk of breast cancer. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in DNA double-strand break repair, DNA alterations that can be caused by exposure to reactive oxygen species, a main source of which are mitochondria. Mitochondrial genome variations affect electron transport chain efficiency and reactive oxygen species production. Individuals with different mitochondrial haplogroups differ in their metabolism and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Variability in mitochondrial genetic background can alter reactive oxygen species production, leading to cancer risk. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial haplogroups modify breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. METHODS We genotyped 22,214 (11,421 affected, 10,793 unaffected) mutation carriers belonging to the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 for 129 mitochondrial polymorphisms using the iCOGS array. Haplogroup inference and association detection were performed using a phylogenetic approach. ALTree was applied to explore the reference mitochondrial evolutionary tree and detect subclades enriched in affected or unaffected individuals. RESULTS We discovered that subclade T1a1 was depleted in affected BRCA2 mutation carriers compared with the rest of clade T (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34 to 0.88; P = 0.01). Compared with the most frequent haplogroup in the general population (that is, H and T clades), the T1a1 haplogroup has a HR of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.95; P = 0.03). We also identified three potential susceptibility loci, including G13708A/rs28359178, which has demonstrated an inverse association with familial breast cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates how original approaches such as the phylogeny-based method we used can empower classical molecular epidemiological studies aimed at identifying association or risk modification effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Blein
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Bardel
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- />UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive (LBBE), “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Grégor Mendel, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, cedex France
| | - Vincent Danjean
- />Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5217, Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), équipe-projet Multi-programmation et Ordonnancement sur ressources pour les Applications Interactives de Simulation (MOAIS), 38041 Grenoble, France
- />INRIA Rhône-Alpes, équipe-projet MOAIS, 38334 Saint Ismier, Cedex France
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sue Healey
- />Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Lee
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Penny Soucy
- />Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Laval University, Charlesbourg, PQ Canada
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- />Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- />Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
| | - David E Goldgar
- />Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Saundra S Buys
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Breast Cancer Family Registry
- />Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 300, Fremont, CA 94538 USA
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- />Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
- />Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Innovative Medicine, State Research Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laima Tihomirova
- />Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Rātsupītes iela 1, Rīga, LV-1067 Latvia
| | - Nadine Tung
- />Division of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 9, Boston, MA 02215-5400 USA
| | - Cecilia M Dorfling
- />Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth J van Rensburg
- />Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- />Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Yuan Chun Ding
- />Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- />Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn C Nielsen
- />Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas VO Hansen
- />Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Osorio
- />Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- />Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez
- />Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- />Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Andrés Conejero
- />Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ena Segota
- />Holy Cross Hospital, Michael and Dianne Bienes Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
- />Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- />Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope (for the Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Margo Thelander
- />John Muir Medical Center, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; c/o Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- />Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Radice
- />Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Pensotti
- />Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope (for the Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- />Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- />Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Zaffaroni
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulietta Scuvera
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Liliana Varesco
- />Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “San Martino” di Genova, IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriele L Capone
- />FiorGen Foundation for Pharmacogenomics, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Ottini
- />Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Drakoulis Yannoukakos
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- />Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Judy Garber
- />Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Ute Hamann
- />Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alan Donaldson
- />Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael’s Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG UK
| | - Angela Brady
- />North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, UK
| | - Carole Brewer
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW UK
| | - Claire Foo
- />Merseyside and Cheshire Clinical Genetics Service, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Crown Street, Liverpool, Merseyside L8 7SS UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- />Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Debra Frost
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- />Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Mailpoint 801, South Academic Block, PAH/G/MP105, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - EMBRACE
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Fiona Douglas
- />Institute of Human Genetics, Northern Genetic Service, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4EP UK
| | - Jackie Cook
- />Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julian Adlard
- />Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Old Medical School, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS1 3EX UK
| | - Julian Barwell
- />Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Clinical Genetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW UK
| | - Lisa Walker
- />Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LE UK
| | - Louise Izatt
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, 7th floor, Borough Wing, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Lucy E Side
- />North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Barclay House, 37, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BH UK
| | - M John Kennedy
- />North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Barclay House, 37, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BH UK
- />Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- />Medical Oncology Service, St James’s Hospital, James’s Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Level 6, Addenbrooke’s Treatment Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Mark T Rogers
- />All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW UK
| | - Mary E Porteous
- />South East Scotland Regional Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, David Brock Building, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Patrick J Morrison
- />Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE UK
- />Department of Medical Genetics, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AB UK
| | - Radka Platte
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- />Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP UK
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- />Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Block 4, Glasgow, G3 8SJ UK
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- />South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Department of Medical Genetics, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Trevor Cole
- />West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG UK
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- />Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
| | - Claudine Isaacs
- />Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA
| | - Kathleen Claes
- />Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kim De Leeneer
- />Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alfons Meindl
- />Division of Tumor Genetics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- />Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institut für Humangenetik, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- />Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cancer Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Sutter
- />Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- />Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dieter Niederacher
- />Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doris Steinemann
- />Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Pathology and Forensic and Genetic Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hansjoerg Plendl
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karin Kast
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- />Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cancer Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- />Division of Tumor Genetics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Raymonda Varon-Mateeva
- />Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Berlin – Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- />Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cancer Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- />German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabine Preisler-Adams
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nadja Bogdanova Markov
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Antoine de Pauw
- />Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm 75248, Paris, cedex 05 France
| | - Cédrick Lefol
- />Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm 75248, Paris, cedex 05 France
| | - Christine Lasset
- />UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive (LBBE), “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Grégor Mendel, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, cedex France
- />Unité de Prévention et d’Épidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laenned, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Leroux
- />Génétique Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9 France
- />Institut Albert Bonniot – Inserm U823, Université Joseph Fourier, Rond-point de la Chantourne, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- />Laboratoire d’Oncogénétique, Hôpital René Huguenin, Institut Curie, 35 rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Francesca Damiola
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - GEMO Study Collaborators
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- />UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive (LBBE), “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Grégor Mendel, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, cedex France
- />Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5217, Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), équipe-projet Multi-programmation et Ordonnancement sur ressources pour les Applications Interactives de Simulation (MOAIS), 38041 Grenoble, France
- />INRIA Rhône-Alpes, équipe-projet MOAIS, 38334 Saint Ismier, Cedex France
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- />Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer, Brisbane, Australia
- />Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Laval University, Charlesbourg, PQ Canada
- />Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
- />Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 300, Fremont, CA 94538 USA
- />Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
- />Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Innovative Medicine, State Research Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
- />Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Rātsupītes iela 1, Rīga, LV-1067 Latvia
- />Division of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 9, Boston, MA 02215-5400 USA
- />Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
- />Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- />Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- />Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- />Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- />Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- />Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- />Holy Cross Hospital, Michael and Dianne Bienes Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
- />Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope (for the Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />John Muir Medical Center, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; c/o Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- />Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
- />Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- />Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- />Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
- />Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “San Martino” di Genova, IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- />FiorGen Foundation for Pharmacogenomics, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- />Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- />Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
- />Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- />Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- />Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael’s Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG UK
- />North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, UK
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW UK
- />Merseyside and Cheshire Clinical Genetics Service, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Crown Street, Liverpool, Merseyside L8 7SS UK
- />Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
- />Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Mailpoint 801, South Academic Block, PAH/G/MP105, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
- />Institute of Human Genetics, Northern Genetic Service, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4EP UK
- />Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK
- />Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Old Medical School, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS1 3EX UK
- />Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Clinical Genetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW UK
- />Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LE UK
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, 7th floor, Borough Wing, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT UK
- />North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Barclay House, 37, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BH UK
- />Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- />Medical Oncology Service, St James’s Hospital, James’s Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Level 6, Addenbrooke’s Treatment Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
- />All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW UK
- />South East Scotland Regional Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, David Brock Building, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- />Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE UK
- />Department of Medical Genetics, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AB UK
- />Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP UK
- />Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Block 4, Glasgow, G3 8SJ UK
- />South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Department of Medical Genetics, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
- />West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG UK
- />Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
- />Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA
- />Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- />Division of Tumor Genetics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- />Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institut für Humangenetik, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- />Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cancer Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- />Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- />Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- />Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- />Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Pathology and Forensic and Genetic Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
- />Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Berlin – Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- />German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC), Cologne, Germany
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- />Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm 75248, Paris, cedex 05 France
- />Unité de Prévention et d’Épidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laenned, 69008 Lyon, France
- />Génétique Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9 France
- />Institut Albert Bonniot – Inserm U823, Université Joseph Fourier, Rond-point de la Chantourne, 38706 La Tronche, France
- />Laboratoire d’Oncogénétique, Hôpital René Huguenin, Institut Curie, 35 rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
- />Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, BP 392, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- />Gynaecological Oncology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
- />Gynecologic Oncology Group, Department of OB-GYN, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 103B Physicians’ Office Building, CB# 7572, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7572 USA
- />Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263-0001 USA
- />Women & Infants Hospital, 1 Blackstone Place, Providence, RI 02905 USA
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, PO Box 700, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen University, Groningen, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- />Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, S4-P PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
- />Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC L1Q Leiden, the Netherlands
- />Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u 7-9, PO Box 1525 Budapest PF 21, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- />Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- />Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
- />Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- />Landspítali National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland School of Medicine, Sæmundargötu 2, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- />Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique et Service d’Onco-hématologie, Les Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 place de l’Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
- />Department of Surgical Sciences, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padua University, Clinical Surgery II, via Giustiniani 2, 35124 Padua, Italy
- />Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) – Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
- />Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO-PORTO), Edifício dos Laboratórios, piso 6, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- />Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- />Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 546 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC J2W 1S6 Canada
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259 USA
- />National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 4B09, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2152, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-2152 USA
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
- />Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- />Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
- />National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Clalit Health Services Carmel Medical Center, 34361 Haifa, Israel
- />Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, 2 Horev Street, 34362 Haifa, Israel
- />NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, 68 Leningradskaya Street, Pesochny, 197758 St Petersburg Russia
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 6th Floor, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8 Canada
- />Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L7 Canada
- />Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Department of Human Cancer Genetics, 1093 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, North Doan Tower, 395 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1093 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Richard J Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James), 460 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Soenderboulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 21 C, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- />Laboratorio di Genetica Oncologica, Divisione di Anatomia Patologica e di Diagnostica Molecolare ed Ultrastrutturale, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana – Ospedale S Chiara, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- />Sheba Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621 Tel Aviv, Israel
- />Institute of Oncology, Rivka Ziv Medical Center, Maimonides, 13100 Safed, Israel
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna L8:02, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- />Oncology, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- />Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, K7, Ärftlighetsmottagningen, Radiumhemmet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- />Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- />Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- />Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- />Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- />Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, NOR-4435, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9175 USA
- />Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
- />Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230-1439 USA
- />Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, level 3, 10 St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- />Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Level 5, 161 Barry Street, Parkville, 3010 VIC Australia
- />Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
- />Service de génétique oncologique, Institut Curie, Inserm U830, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris, France
- />Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue de l’école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
- />Génétique médicale, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Institut National du Cancer (INCa), La Fondation Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- />Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
- />Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon – Centre Léon Bérard, 69373 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Hélène Dreyfus
- />Génétique Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9 France
- />Institut Albert Bonniot – Inserm U823, Université Joseph Fourier, Rond-point de la Chantourne, 38706 La Tronche, France
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lisa Golmard
- />Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm 75248, Paris, cedex 05 France
| | - Nancy Uhrhammer
- />Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, BP 392, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- />UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive (LBBE), “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Grégor Mendel, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, cedex France
- />Unité de Prévention et d’Épidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laenned, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Sornin
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- />Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, BP 392, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jonathan Carter
- />Gynaecological Oncology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
| | - Linda Van Le
- />Gynecologic Oncology Group, Department of OB-GYN, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 103B Physicians’ Office Building, CB# 7572, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7572 USA
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- />Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263-0001 USA
| | - Paul A DiSilvestro
- />Women & Infants Hospital, 1 Blackstone Place, Providence, RI 02905 USA
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, PO Box 700, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Agnes Jager
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ans MW van den Ouweland
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carolien M Kets
- />Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cora M Aalfs
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Flora E van Leeuwen
- />Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frans BL Hogervorst
- />Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanne EJ Meijers-Heijboer
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - HEBON
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- />UMR CNRS 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive (LBBE), “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bâtiment Grégor Mendel, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, cedex France
- />Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5217, Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), équipe-projet Multi-programmation et Ordonnancement sur ressources pour les Applications Interactives de Simulation (MOAIS), 38041 Grenoble, France
- />INRIA Rhône-Alpes, équipe-projet MOAIS, 38334 Saint Ismier, Cedex France
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- />Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer, Brisbane, Australia
- />Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Laval University, Charlesbourg, PQ Canada
- />Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY USA
- />Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
- />Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Prevention Institute of California, 2201 Walnut Avenue, Suite 300, Fremont, CA 94538 USA
- />Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
- />Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Centre for Innovative Medicine, State Research Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
- />Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Rātsupītes iela 1, Rīga, LV-1067 Latvia
- />Division of Hematology Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Shapiro 9, Boston, MA 02215-5400 USA
- />Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
- />Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- />Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- />Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- />Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- />Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- />Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Avenida San Juan Bosco, 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- />Holy Cross Hospital, Michael and Dianne Bienes Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fort Lauderdale, FL USA
- />Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope (for the Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />John Muir Medical Center, Walnut Creek, CA, USA; c/o Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
- />Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare (IFOM), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- />Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
- />Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- />Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy
- />Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
- />Unit of Hereditary Cancer, Department of Epidemiology, Prevention and Special Functions, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “San Martino” di Genova, IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Largo Rosanna Benzi, 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- />FiorGen Foundation for Pharmacogenomics, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- />Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- />Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
- />Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- />Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- />Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael’s Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG UK
- />North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, UK
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW UK
- />Merseyside and Cheshire Clinical Genetics Service, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Crown Street, Liverpool, Merseyside L8 7SS UK
- />Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
- />Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Mailpoint 801, South Academic Block, PAH/G/MP105, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
- />Institute of Human Genetics, Northern Genetic Service, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4EP UK
- />Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK
- />Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Old Medical School, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS1 3EX UK
- />Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Clinical Genetics, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, LE1 5WW UK
- />Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LE UK
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, 7th floor, Borough Wing, Guy’s Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT UK
- />North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Barclay House, 37, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BH UK
- />Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- />Medical Oncology Service, St James’s Hospital, James’s Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Level 6, Addenbrooke’s Treatment Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
- />All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW UK
- />South East Scotland Regional Genetic Service, Western General Hospital, David Brock Building, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- />Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE UK
- />Department of Medical Genetics, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AB UK
- />Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP UK
- />Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Block 4, Glasgow, G3 8SJ UK
- />South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Department of Medical Genetics, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
- />West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG UK
- />Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA
- />Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA
- />Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- />Division of Tumor Genetics, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- />Center of Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Department of Medical Genetics, Institut für Humangenetik, Biozentrum, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- />Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) Cancer Center Cologne, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- />Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Strasse 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- />Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- />Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- />Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- />Institute of Cell and Molecular Pathology, Centre for Pathology and Forensic and Genetic Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus of Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
- />Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Berlin – Universtitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- />German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC), Cologne, Germany
- />Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Münster, Vesaliusweg 12-14, 48149 Münster, Germany
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- />Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm 75248, Paris, cedex 05 France
- />Unité de Prévention et d’Épidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laenned, 69008 Lyon, France
- />Génétique Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble, cedex 9 France
- />Institut Albert Bonniot – Inserm U823, Université Joseph Fourier, Rond-point de la Chantourne, 38706 La Tronche, France
- />Laboratoire d’Oncogénétique, Hôpital René Huguenin, Institut Curie, 35 rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
- />Département d’Oncogénétique, Centre Jean Perrin, Université de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, BP 392, 63011 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- />Gynaecological Oncology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050 Australia
- />Gynecologic Oncology Group, Department of OB-GYN, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 103B Physicians’ Office Building, CB# 7572, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7572 USA
- />Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263-0001 USA
- />Women & Infants Hospital, 1 Blackstone Place, Providence, RI 02905 USA
- />Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, PO Box 700, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- />Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen University, Groningen, the Netherlands
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- />Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, S4-P PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
- />Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC L1Q Leiden, the Netherlands
- />Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u 7-9, PO Box 1525 Budapest PF 21, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
- />Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- />Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
- />Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- />Landspítali National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland School of Medicine, Sæmundargötu 2, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- />Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique et Service d’Onco-hématologie, Les Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 place de l’Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
- />Department of Surgical Sciences, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padua University, Clinical Surgery II, via Giustiniani 2, 35124 Padua, Italy
- />Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) – Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
- />Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO-PORTO), Edifício dos Laboratórios, piso 6, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- />Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- />Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 546 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC J2W 1S6 Canada
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259 USA
- />National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 4B09, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2152, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-2152 USA
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
- />Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- />Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
- />National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Clalit Health Services Carmel Medical Center, 34361 Haifa, Israel
- />Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, 2 Horev Street, 34362 Haifa, Israel
- />NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, 68 Leningradskaya Street, Pesochny, 197758 St Petersburg Russia
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 6th Floor, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8 Canada
- />Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L7 Canada
- />Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Department of Human Cancer Genetics, 1093 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, North Doan Tower, 395 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1093 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Richard J Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James), 460 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Soenderboulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 21 C, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- />Laboratorio di Genetica Oncologica, Divisione di Anatomia Patologica e di Diagnostica Molecolare ed Ultrastrutturale, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana – Ospedale S Chiara, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- />Sheba Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621 Tel Aviv, Israel
- />Institute of Oncology, Rivka Ziv Medical Center, Maimonides, 13100 Safed, Israel
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna L8:02, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- />Oncology, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- />Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, K7, Ärftlighetsmottagningen, Radiumhemmet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- />Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
- />Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- />Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
- />Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
- />Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, NOR-4435, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9175 USA
- />Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
- />Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230-1439 USA
- />Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, level 3, 10 St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- />Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Level 5, 161 Barry Street, Parkville, 3010 VIC Australia
- />Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
- />Service de génétique oncologique, Institut Curie, Inserm U830, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris, France
- />Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue de l’école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
- />Génétique médicale, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Institut National du Cancer (INCa), La Fondation Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- />Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
- />Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon – Centre Léon Bérard, 69373 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010 USA
| | - Jan C Oosterwijk
- />Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen University, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kees EP van Roozendaal
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matti A Rookus
- />Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Devilee
- />Department of Human Genetics, Center for Human and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, S4-P PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
- />Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC L1Q Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- />Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Edith Olah
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u 7-9, PO Box 1525 Budapest PF 21, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orland Diez
- />Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Teulé
- />Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- />Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- />Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Del Valle
- />Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3a planta - Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Sukiennicki
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek
- />Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, al Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bjarni A Agnarsson
- />Landspítali National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland School of Medicine, Sæmundargötu 2, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Christine Maugard
- />Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique et Service d’Onco-hématologie, Les Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 place de l’Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alberto Amadori
- />Department of Surgical Sciences, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padua University, Clinical Surgery II, via Giustiniani 2, 35124 Padua, Italy
- />Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) – Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Montagna
- />Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) – Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- />Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO-PORTO), Edifício dos Laboratórios, piso 6, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- />Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- />Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer, Brisbane, Australia
| | - William Foulkes
- />Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Human Genetics and Oncology, McGill University, 546 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC J2W 1S6 Canada
| | - Curtis Olswold
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Noralane M Lindor
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259 USA
| | - Vernon S Pankratz
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Csilla I Szabo
- />National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 31, Room 4B09, 31 Center Drive, MSC 2152, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892-2152 USA
| | - Anne Lincoln
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Lauren Jacobs
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Marina Corines
- />Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Mark Robson
- />Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Joseph Vijai
- />Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Andreas Berger
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F Singer
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Rappaport
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daphne Geschwantler Kaulich
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, AKH – Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark H Greene
- />Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Phuong L Mai
- />Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- />Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
- />National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Clalit Health Services Carmel Medical Center, 34361 Haifa, Israel
- />Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, 2 Horev Street, 34362 Haifa, Israel
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- />NN Petrov Institute of Oncology, 68 Leningradskaya Street, Pesochny, 197758 St Petersburg Russia
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 6th Floor, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8 Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- />Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L7 Canada
- />Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 6th Floor, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4386, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Sandrine Tchatchou
- />Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- />Department of Human Cancer Genetics, 1093 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, North Doan Tower, 395 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1093 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- />The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G James Cancer Hospital and Richard J Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James), 460 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- />Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Soenderboulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Torben A Kruse
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Soenderboulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Brendstrupgårdsvej 21 C, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Maria A Caligo
- />Laboratorio di Genetica Oncologica, Divisione di Anatomia Patologica e di Diagnostica Molecolare ed Ultrastrutturale, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana – Ospedale S Chiara, via Roma 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eitan Friedman
- />Sheba Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jamal Zidan
- />Institute of Oncology, Rivka Ziv Medical Center, Maimonides, 13100 Safed, Israel
| | - Yael Laitman
- />Sheba Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, 52621 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Annika Lindblom
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna L8:02, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Melin
- />Oncology, Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Brita Arver
- />Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, K7, Ärftlighetsmottagningen, Radiumhemmet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- />Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, Barngatan 2B, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- />Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olufunmilayo I Olopade
- />Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- />Department of Medicine and Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Susan J Ramus
- />Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, NOR-4435, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9175 USA
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- />Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
| | - Susan M Domchek
- />Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 750, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3309 USA
| | - Banu K Arun
- />Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1354, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230-1439 USA
| | - Gillian Mitchell
- />Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, level 3, 10 St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- />Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Level 5, 161 Barry Street, Parkville, 3010 VIC Australia
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- />Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Jenny Lester
- />Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Sandra Orsulic
- />Women’s Cancer Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- />Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, 26 rue d’Ulm 75248, Paris, cedex 05 France
- />Service de génétique oncologique, Institut Curie, Inserm U830, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris, France
- />Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue de l’école de médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Thomas
- />Génétique médicale, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
- />Institut National du Cancer (INCa), La Fondation Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
| | - Jacques Simard
- />Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Laval University, Charlesbourg, PQ Canada
| | - Fergus J Couch
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Kenneth Offit
- />Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Douglas F Easton
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Antonis C Antoniou
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Catherine M Phelan
- />Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Olga M Sinilnikova
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- />Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon – Centre Léon Bérard, 69373 Lyon, Cedex 08 France
| | - David G Cox
- />INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- />Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France
- />Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pirie A, Guo Q, Kraft P, Canisius S, Eccles DM, Rahman N, Nevanlinna H, Chen C, Khan S, Tyrer J, Bolla MK, Wang Q, Dennis J, Michailidou K, Lush M, Dunning AM, Shah M, Czene K, Darabi H, Eriksson M, Lambrechts D, Weltens C, Leunen K, van Ongeval C, Nordestgaard BG, Nielsen SF, Flyger H, Rudolph A, Seibold P, Flesch-Janys D, Blomqvist C, Aittomäki K, Fagerholm R, Muranen TA, Olsen JE, Hallberg E, Vachon C, Knight JA, Glendon G, Mulligan AM, Broeks A, Cornelissen S, Haiman CA, Henderson BE, Schumacher F, Le Marchand L, Hopper JL, Tsimiklis H, Apicella C, Southey MC, Cross SS, Reed MWR, Giles GG, Milne RL, McLean C, Winqvist R, Pylkäs K, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Grip M, Hooning MJ, Hollestelle A, Martens JWM, van den Ouweland AMW, Marme F, Schneeweiss A, Yang R, Burwinkel B, Figueroa J, Chanock SJ, Lissowska J, Sawyer EJ, Tomlinson I, Kerin MJ, Miller N, Brenner H, Butterbach K, Holleczek B, Kataja V, Kosma VM, Hartikainen JM, Li J, Brand JS, Humphreys K, Devilee P, Tollenaar RAEM, Seynaeve C, Radice P, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Ficarazzi F, Beckmann MW, Hein A, Ekici AB, Balleine R, Phillips KA, Benitez J, Zamora MP, Perez JIA, Menéndez P, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Gronwald J, Durda K, Hamann U, Kabisch M, Ulmer HU, Rüdiger T, Margolin S, Kristensen V, Nord S, Evans DG, Abraham J, Earl H, Poole CJ, Hiller L, Dunn JA, Bowden S, Yang R, Campa D, Diver WR, Gapstur SM, Gaudet MM, Hankinson S, Hoover RN, Hüsing A, Kaaks R, Machiela MJ, Willett W, Barrdahl M, Canzian F, Chin SF, Caldas C, Hunter DJ, Lindstrom S, Garcia-Closas M, Couch FJ, Chenevix-Trench G, Mannermaa A, Andrulis IL, Hall P, Chang-Claude J, Easton DF, Bojesen SE, Cox A, Fasching PA, Pharoah PDP, Schmidt MK. Common germline polymorphisms associated with breast cancer-specific survival. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:58. [PMID: 25897948 PMCID: PMC4484708 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have identified common germline variants nominally associated with breast cancer survival. These associations have not been widely replicated in further studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of previously reported SNPs with breast cancer-specific survival using data from a pooled analysis of eight breast cancer survival genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. METHODS A literature review was conducted of all previously published associations between common germline variants and three survival outcomes: breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival and disease-free survival. All associations that reached the nominal significance level of P value <0.05 were included. Single nucleotide polymorphisms that had been previously reported as nominally associated with at least one survival outcome were evaluated in the pooled analysis of over 37,000 breast cancer cases for association with breast cancer-specific survival. Previous associations were evaluated using a one-sided test based on the reported direction of effect. RESULTS Fifty-six variants from 45 previous publications were evaluated in the meta-analysis. Fifty-four of these were evaluated in the full set of 37,954 breast cancer cases with 2,900 events and the two additional variants were evaluated in a reduced sample size of 30,000 samples in order to ensure independence from the previously published studies. Five variants reached nominal significance (P <0.05) in the pooled GWAS data compared to 2.8 expected under the null hypothesis. Seven additional variants were associated (P <0.05) with ER-positive disease. CONCLUSIONS Although no variants reached genome-wide significance (P <5 x 10(-8)), these results suggest that there is some evidence of association between candidate common germline variants and breast cancer prognosis. Larger studies from multinational collaborations are necessary to increase the power to detect associations, between common variants and prognosis, at more stringent significance levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailith Pirie
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Qi Guo
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Peter Kraft
- />Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- />Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Sander Canisius
- />Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana M Eccles
- />Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Nazneen Rahman
- />Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG Surrey, UK
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FIN-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Constance Chen
- />Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Sofia Khan
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FIN-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonathan Tyrer
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Qin Wang
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Michael Lush
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Alison M Dunning
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Mitul Shah
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Kamila Czene
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Hatef Darabi
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Dieter Lambrechts
- />Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Vib, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- />Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Weltens
- />Oncology Department, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Leunen
- />Oncology Department, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal van Ongeval
- />Oncology Department, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- />Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
- />Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2220 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- />Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Henrik Flyger
- />Department of Breast Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Anja Rudolph
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Seibold
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Flesch-Janys
- />Department of Cancer Epidemiology/Clinical Cancer Registry and Institute for Medical Biometrics and Epidemiology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- />Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Sairaalatie 8, 08 200 LOHJA Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Sairaalatie 8, 08 200 LOHJA Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rainer Fagerholm
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FIN-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
- />Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Sairaalatie 8, 08 200 LOHJA Helsinki, Finland
- />Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Sairaalatie 8, 08 200 LOHJA Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taru A Muranen
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FIN-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janet E Olsen
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Emily Hallberg
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Celine Vachon
- />Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Julia A Knight
- />Prosserman Centre for Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- />Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7 Canada
| | - Gord Glendon
- />Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
- />Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Annegien Broeks
- />Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- />Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- />Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Brian E Henderson
- />Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Frederick Schumacher
- />Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- />Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - John L Hopper
- />Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Helen Tsimiklis
- />Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Carmel Apicella
- />Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Melissa C Southey
- />Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Simon S Cross
- />Academic Unit of Pathology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ UK
| | - Malcolm WR Reed
- />CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
| | - Graham G Giles
- />Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
- />Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- />Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
- />Cancer Epidemiology Centre, The Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Catriona McLean
- />Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3007 Australia
| | - Robert Winqvist
- />Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- />Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Department of Clinical Genetics and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen
- />Department of Oncology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Kajaanintie 50, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Grip
- />Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Kajaanintie 50, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Maartje J Hooning
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus McCancer Institute, ’s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus McCancer Institute, ’s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John WM Martens
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus McCancer Institute, ’s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ans MW van den Ouweland
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus McCancer Institute, ’s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Federick Marme
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Voßstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- />National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Voßstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- />National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rongxi Yang
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Voßstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- />Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Voßstrasse 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- />Molecular Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonine Figueroa
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
- />Core Genotyping Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 8717 Grovemont Circle, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- />Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Roentena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elinor J Sawyer
- />Division of Cancer Studies, NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in Partnership with King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, SE1 1UL London, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- />Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN UK
| | - Michael J Kerin
- />Clinical Science Institute, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Miller
- />Clinical Science Institute, University Hospital Galway, Newcastle Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hermann Brenner
- />Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- />German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Butterbach
- />Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Holleczek
- />Saarland Cancer Registry, Präsident Baltz Strasse 5, 66119 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vesa Kataja
- />School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oncology and Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Kosma
- />School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine and Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- />Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- />School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine and Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- />Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jingmei Li
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Judith S Brand
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Keith Humphreys
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Peter Devilee
- />Department of Human Genetics and Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert AEM Tollenaar
- />Department of Surgical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Seynaeve
- />Department of Medical Oncology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus McCancer Institute, ’s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Radice
- />Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139 Italy
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- />IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC Di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- />Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori (INT), Via Adamello 16, Milan, 20139 Italy
| | - Filomena Ficarazzi
- />IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC Di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- />Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Emn, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Hein
- />Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Emn, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- />Institute of Human Genetics; University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Emn, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rosemary Balleine
- />Western Sydney and Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health Districts, Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, 176 Hawkesbury Road, Sydney, NSW 2145 Australia
| | - Kelly-Anne Phillips
- />Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
- />Peter Maccallum Cancer Center, 2 St Andrews Place, Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- />Sir Peter Maccallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, 2 St Andrews Place, Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
| | | | - Javier Benitez
- />Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Calle de Melchor Fernández, Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid Spain
- />Centro de Investigación En Red De Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Calle de Álvaro de Bazán, 10 Bajo, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pilar Zamora
- />Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Ignacio Arias Perez
- />Servicio de Cirugía General y Especialidades, Hospital Monte Naranco, Avenida Doctores Fernández Vega, 107, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Primitiva Menéndez
- />Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Monte Naranco, Avenida Doctores Fernández Vega, 107, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- />Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Rybacka 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- />Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Rybacka 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- />Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Rybacka 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Durda
- />Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, ul. Rybacka 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ute Hamann
- />Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Kabisch
- />Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Ulrich Ulmer
- />Frauenklinik der Stadtklinik Baden-Baden, Balger Strasse 50, 76532 Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Thomas Rüdiger
- />Institute of Pathology, Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestrasse 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sara Margolin
- />Department of Oncology - Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 23b, Stockholm, 171 65 Sweden
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- />Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo (UiO), Problemveien 7, Oslo, 0313 Norway
- />Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Montebello, 0379 Oslo Norway
| | - Siljie Nord
- />Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo (UiO), Problemveien 7, Oslo, 0313 Norway
- />Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Montebello, 0379 Oslo Norway
| | - NBCS Investigators
- />Faculty of Medicine (Faculty Division Ahus), University of Oslo (UiO), Problemveien 7, Oslo, 0313 Norway
| | - D Gareth Evans
- />Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Central Manchester Foundation Trust, St. Mary’s Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL UK
| | - Jean Abraham
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
- />Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- />Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge NHS Foundation Hospitals, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Helena Earl
- />Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- />Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge NHS Foundation Hospitals, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Christopher J Poole
- />Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - Louise Hiller
- />Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - Janet A Dunn
- />Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
| | - Sarah Bowden
- />Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute for Cancer Studies, the University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - Rose Yang
- />Early Detection Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Daniele Campa
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- />Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Ryan Diver
- />Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- />Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- />Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Susan Hankinson
- />Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- />Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts-Amherst School of Public Health and Health Sciences, 715 N Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01002 USA
- />Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Robert N Hoover
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Anika Hüsing
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Walter Willett
- />Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Myrto Barrdahl
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Federico Canzian
- />Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- />Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- />Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE UK
- />Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge NHS Foundation Hospitals, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
- />Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, CB2 0RE UK
| | - David J Hunter
- />Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- />Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Sara Lindstrom
- />Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- />Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Montserrat Garcia-Closas
- />Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG Surrey, UK
- />Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP UK
| | - Fergus J Couch
- />Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- />Department of Genetics, Qimr Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006 Australia
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- />School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine and Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- />Imaging Center, Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Puijonlaaksontie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- />Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5 Canada
- />Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Per Hall
- />Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- />Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Douglas F Easton
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Stig E Bojesen
- />Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
- />Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Copenhagen Denmark
- />Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2220 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angela Cox
- />CRUK/YCR Sheffield Cancer Research Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
| | - Peter A Fasching
- />Institute of Human Genetics; University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-Emn, Universitaetsstrasse 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- />David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Paul DP Pharoah
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
- />Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, 2 Wort’s Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN UK
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- />Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuchenbaecker KB, Neuhausen SL, Robson M, Barrowdale D, McGuffog L, Mulligan AM, Andrulis IL, Spurdle AB, Schmidt MK, Schmutzler RK, Engel C, Wappenschmidt B, Nevanlinna H, Thomassen M, Southey M, Radice P, Ramus SJ, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Lee A, Healey S, Nussbaum RL, Rebbeck TR, Arun BK, James P, Karlan BY, Lester J, Cass I, Registry BCF, Terry MB, Daly MB, Goldgar DE, Buys SS, Janavicius R, Tihomirova L, Tung N, Dorfling CM, van Rensburg EJ, Steele L, v O Hansen T, Ejlertsen B, Gerdes AM, Nielsen FC, Dennis J, Cunningham J, Hart S, Slager S, Osorio A, Benitez J, Duran M, Weitzel JN, Tafur I, Hander M, Peterlongo P, Manoukian S, Peissel B, Roversi G, Scuvera G, Bonanni B, Mariani P, Volorio S, Dolcetti R, Varesco L, Papi L, Tibiletti MG, Giannini G, Fostira F, Konstantopoulou I, Garber J, Hamann U, Donaldson A, Brewer C, Foo C, Evans DG, Frost D, Eccles D, Douglas F, Brady A, Cook J, Tischkowitz M, Adlard J, Barwell J, Ong KR, Walker L, Izatt L, Side LE, Kennedy MJ, Rogers MT, Porteous ME, Morrison PJ, Platte R, Eeles R, Davidson R, Hodgson S, Ellis S, Godwin AK, Rhiem K, Meindl A, Ditsch N, Arnold N, Plendl H, Niederacher D, Sutter C, Steinemann D, Bogdanova-Markov N, Kast K, Varon-Mateeva R, Wang-Gohrke S, Gehrig A, Markiefka B, Buecher B, Lefol C, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Rouleau E, Prieur F, Damiola F, Barjhoux L, Faivre L, Longy M, Sevenet N, Sinilnikova OM, Mazoyer S, Bonadona V, Caux-Moncoutier V, Isaacs C, Van Maerken T, Claes K, Piedmonte M, Andrews L, Hays J, Rodriguez GC, Caldes T, de la Hoya M, Khan S, Hogervorst FBL, Aalfs CM, de Lange JL, Meijers-Heijboer HEJ, van der Hout AH, Wijnen JT, van Roozendaal KEP, Mensenkamp AR, van den Ouweland AMW, van Deurzen CHM, van der Luijt RB, Olah E, Diez O, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Teulé A, Menendez M, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Cybulski C, Gronwald J, Jaworska-Bieniek K, Durda K, Arason A, Maugard C, Soucy P, Montagna M, Agata S, Teixeira MR, Olswold C, Lindor N, Pankratz VS, Hallberg E, Wang X, Szabo CI, Vijai J, Jacobs L, Corines M, Lincoln A, Berger A, Fink-Retter A, Singer CF, Rappaport C, Kaulich DG, Pfeiler G, Tea MK, Phelan CM, Mai PL, Greene MH, Rennert G, Imyanitov EN, Glendon G, Toland AE, Bojesen A, Pedersen IS, Jensen UB, Caligo MA, Friedman E, Berger R, Laitman Y, Rantala J, Arver B, Loman N, Borg A, Ehrencrona H, Olopade OI, Simard J, Easton DF, Chenevix-Trench G, Offit K, Couch FJ, Antoniou AC. Associations of common breast cancer susceptibility alleles with risk of breast cancer subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:3416. [PMID: 25919761 PMCID: PMC4406179 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 70 common alleles are known to be involved in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility, and several exhibit significant heterogeneity in their associations with different BC subtypes. Although there are differences in the association patterns between BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and the general population for several loci, no study has comprehensively evaluated the associations of all known BC susceptibility alleles with risk of BC subtypes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. METHODS We used data from 15,252 BRCA1 and 8,211 BRCA2 carriers to analyze the associations between approximately 200,000 genetic variants on the iCOGS array and risk of BC subtypes defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and triple-negative- (TN) status; morphologic subtypes; histological grade; and nodal involvement. RESULTS The estimated BC hazard ratios (HRs) for the 74 known BC alleles in BRCA1 carriers exhibited moderate correlations with the corresponding odds ratios from the general population. However, their associations with ER-positive BC in BRCA1 carriers were more consistent with the ER-positive associations in the general population (intraclass correlation (ICC) = 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45 to 0.74), and the same was true when considering ER-negative associations in both groups (ICC = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.72). Similarly, there was strong correlation between the ER-positive associations for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers (ICC = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.78), whereas ER-positive associations in any one of the groups were generally inconsistent with ER-negative associations in any of the others. After stratifying by ER status in mutation carriers, additional significant associations were observed. Several previously unreported variants exhibited associations at P <10(-6) in the analyses by PR status, HER2 status, TN phenotype, morphologic subtypes, histological grade and nodal involvement. CONCLUSIONS Differences in associations of common BC susceptibility alleles between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers and the general population are explained to a large extent by differences in the prevalence of ER-positive and ER-negative tumors. Estimates of the risks associated with these variants based on population-based studies are likely to be applicable to mutation carriers after taking ER status into account, which has implications for risk prediction.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Alleles
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma/genetics
- Carcinoma/metabolism
- Carcinoma/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Female
- Genes, BRCA1
- Genes, BRCA2
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Staging
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karoline B Kuchenbaecker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Mark Robson
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Daniel Barrowdale
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lesley McGuffog
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Marie Mulligan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
- Departments of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marjanka K Schmidt
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rita K Schmutzler
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, on behalf of the German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Wappenschmidt
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, HUS Finland
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Melissa Southey
- Department of Pathology, Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Paolo Radice
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Susan M Domchek
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Katherine L Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sue Healey
- Department of Genetics & Computational Biology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Australia
| | - Robert L Nussbaum
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Abramson Cancer Center and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Banu K Arun
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Paul James
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Beth Y Karlan
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jenny Lester
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Ilana Cass
- Women’s Cancer Program at the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | | | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Mary B Daly
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - David E Goldgar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Saundra S Buys
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT USA
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Nadine Tung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA USA
| | | | | | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Thomas v O Hansen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn C Nielsen
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joe Dennis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julie Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Steven Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Susan Slager
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group and Genotyping Unit, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), and Biomedical Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Duran
- Institute of Biology and Molecular Genetics, Universidad de Valladolid (IBGM-UVA), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jeffrey N Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope (for the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network), Duarte, CA USA
| | - Isaac Tafur
- Covenant Health Joe Arrington Cancer Research Center, care of City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Mary Hander
- Kootenai Cancer Center, care of City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genetics Community Research Network, Duarte, CA USA
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Roversi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulietta Scuvera
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Mariani
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Volorio
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare and Cogentech Cancer Genetic Test Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bioimmunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, PN Italy
| | - Liliana Varesco
- Unit of Hereditary Cancer, IRCCS AOU San Martino, IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Papi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, Greece
| | - Judy Garber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ute Hamann
- Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alan Donaldson
- Clinical Genetics Department, St Michael’s Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Carole Brewer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK
| | - Claire Foo
- Cheshire and Merseyside Clinical Genetics Service, Liverpool Women’s NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - D Gareth Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Debra Frost
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Fiona Douglas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Angela Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, Harrow, UK
| | - Jackie Cook
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, East Anglian Regional Genetics Service, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Julian Barwell
- Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Kai-ren Ong
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women’s Hospital Healthcare NHS Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham UK
| | - Lisa Walker
- Oxford Regional Genetics Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Louise Izatt
- Clinical Genetics, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lucy E Side
- North East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M John Kennedy
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Trinity College Dublin and St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark T Rogers
- All Wales Medical Genetics Services, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mary E Porteous
- South East of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Patrick J Morrison
- Department of Medical Genetics, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Radka Platte
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ros Eeles
- Oncogenetics Team, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Rosemarie Davidson
- Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Steve Ellis
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - Kerstin Rhiem
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Division of Tumor Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Arnold
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein/University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hansjoerg Plendl
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Gehrig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Birgid Markiefka
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruno Buecher
- Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cédrick Lefol
- Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Department of Tumour Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Institut Curie, INSERM U830, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris France
| | - Etienne Rouleau
- Laboratoire d’Oncogénétique, Hôpital René Huguenin, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Fabienne Prieur
- Service de Génétique Clinique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St Etienne, St Etienne, France
| | - Francesca Damiola
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Barjhoux
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique, CHU Dijon, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Michel Longy
- Cancer Genetics Unit, INSERM U916, Institut Bergonié, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Sevenet
- Cancer Genetics Unit, INSERM U916, Institut Bergonié, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olga M Sinilnikova
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Constitutionnelle des Cancers Fréquents, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5558, Lyon, France
- Unité de Prévention et d’Epidémiologie Génétique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Claudine Isaacs
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marion Piedmonte
- Gynecologic Oncology Group Statistical and Data Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Lesley Andrews
- ANZGOG Australia, New Zealand Gynaecological Oncology Group, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - John Hays
- The Ohio State University, Columbus Cancer Council, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Gustavo C Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Trinidad Caldes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofia Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, HUS Finland
| | - Frans BL Hogervorst
- Family Cancer Clinic, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cora M Aalfs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - JL de Lange
- Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemarie H van der Hout
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center, Groningen University, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juul T Wijnen
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - KEP van Roozendaal
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen R Mensenkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ans MW van den Ouweland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien HM van Deurzen
- Department of Pathology, Family Cancer Clinic, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob B van der Luijt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conxi Lazaro
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Blanco
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Teulé
- Genetic Counseling Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Menendez
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Hereditary Cancer Program, IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gronwald
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Durda
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adalgeir Arason
- Department of Pathology, Landspitali University Hospital and BMC, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Christine Maugard
- Laboratoire de diagnostic génétique et Service d’Onco-hématologie, Hopitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, CHRU Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Penny Soucy
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec City, QC Canada
| | - Marco Montagna
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Simona Agata
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuel R Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - Curtis Olswold
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | | | - Vernon S Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Emily Hallberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Xianshu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Csilla I Szabo
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Joseph Vijai
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Lauren Jacobs
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Marina Corines
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Anne Lincoln
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Andreas Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anneliese Fink-Retter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F Singer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Rappaport
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Pfeiler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Muy-Kheng Tea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Phuong L Mai
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Gad Rennert
- Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center and Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Carmel Medical Center and B Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Gord Glendon
- Ontario Cancer Genetics Network: Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Divison of Human Cancer Genetics, Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Anders Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Inge Sokilde Pedersen
- Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Uffe Birk Jensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Maria A Caligo
- Section of Genetic Oncology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University and University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Johanna Rantala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brita Arver
- Department of Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Loman
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ake Borg
- Department of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Jacques Simard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Research Center and Laval University, Quebec City, QC Canada
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Clinical Genetics Research Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - EMBRACE Study
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - HEBON
- The Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands (HEBON), coordinating center: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - KConFab Investigators
- kConFab: Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research into Familial Breast Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|