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Incidental pulmonary nodules may lead to a high proportion of early-stage lung cancer: but it requires more than a high CT volume to achieve this. Eur Clin Respir J 2024; 11:2313311. [PMID: 38379593 PMCID: PMC10878329 DOI: 10.1080/20018525.2024.2313311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The management of pulmonary nodules plays a critical role in early detection of lung cancer. Computed tomography (CT) has led to a stage-shift towards early-stage lung cancer, but regional differences in survival rates have been reported in Denmark. This study aimed to evaluate whether variations in nodule management among Danish health regions contributed to these differences. Material and Methods The Danish Health Data Authority and Danish Lung Cancer Registry provided data on CT usage and lung cancer stage distribution, respectively. Auditing of lung cancer stage IA patient referrals and nodule management of stage IV lung cancer patients was conducted in seven Danish lung cancer investigation centers, covering four of the five Danish health regions. CT scans were performed up to 2 years before the patients' diagnosis from 2019 to 2021. Results CT usage has increased steadily in Denmark over the past decade, with a simultaneous increase in the proportion of early-stage lung cancers, particularly stage IA. However, one Danish health region, Region Zealand, exhibited lower rates of early-stage lung cancer and overall survival despite a CT usage roughly similar to that of the other health regions. The audit did not find significant differences in pulmonary nodule management or a higher number of missed nodules by radiologists in this region compared to others. Conclusion This study suggests that a high CT scan volume alone is not sufficient for the early detection of lung cancer. Factors beyond hospital management practices, such as patient-related delays in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, may contribute to regional differences in survival rates. This has implications for future strategies for reducing these differences.
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Ultrafast Tunable Terahertz-to-Visible Light Conversion through Thermal Radiation from Graphene Metamaterials. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3872-3878. [PMID: 37116109 PMCID: PMC10176577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Several technologies, including photodetection, imaging, and data communication, could greatly benefit from the availability of fast and controllable conversion of terahertz (THz) light to visible light. Here, we demonstrate that the exceptional properties and dynamics of electronic heat in graphene allow for a THz-to-visible conversion, which is switchable at a sub-nanosecond time scale. We show a tunable on/off ratio of more than 30 for the emitted visible light, achieved through electrical gating using a gate voltage on the order of 1 V. We also demonstrate that a grating-graphene metamaterial leads to an increase in THz-induced emitted power in the visible range by 2 orders of magnitude. The experimental results are in agreement with a thermodynamic model that describes blackbody radiation from the electron system heated through intraband Drude absorption of THz light. These results provide a promising route toward novel functionalities of optoelectronic technologies in the THz regime.
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An avant-garde of carbon-doped photoanode materials on photo-electrochemical water splitting performance: A review. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.117139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4
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Levosulpiride for premature ejaculation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK medical education. A nationwide student survey. MEDICAL TEACHER 2022; 44:574-575. [PMID: 34428109 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1962835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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6
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Intraoperative radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer: implementation and initial experience. Br J Surg 2021; 108:e400-e401. [PMID: 34586375 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This article reports on the first series of patients to receive intraoperative radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer in the UK. The data suggest that this treatment modality is feasible and safe, laying a platform for collaborative multicentre trials to better assess efficacy.
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P–280 Changes in oolemma height during ICSI injection on day 0 is associated with day 5–6 blastocyst formation. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does the oolemma response to ICSI injection on day 0 affect blastocyst formation on day 5–6 (d5/6)?
Summary answer
A large change in oolemma height during ICSI injection on day 0 is associated with lower blastocyst formation rates on d5/6.
What is known already
The oolemma changes in all dimensions (i.e. height, width and depth) and can exhibit different reactions in ICSI during needle injection. This is seen as instant rupture or with little needle pressure, normal rupture with the needle pushed approximately halfway through, or difficult rupture with repeated attempts or the needle passing 3/4 of the oocyte width. Previous studies have shown that these responses can affect degeneration and fertilisation rates on day 1, however, there is little research on its effect on blastocyst formation rates. Furthermore, most previous studies have used qualitative methods to assess oolemma response.
Study design, size, duration
This is a retrospective study using ICSI procedure videos conducted by four embryologists in a private clinic from 2013–2015. All videos of procedures which did not result in 2PN or in which the oocyte was not fully visible were excluded. Six operators categorised 455 videos (by majority vote) into four groups based on the oolemma response: oolemma breakage within 1/4, between 1/4 and 1/2, between 1/2 and 3/4 and beyond 3/4 of the oocyte’s width.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
A U-Net neural network model was trained to extract the frame of maximum oolemma indent from each video which were validated by a human operator; any in which maximum indent occured after breaking of the oolemma were excluded. The ratio of starting to maximal indent width/height were calculated automatically and human-validated. Chi-squared tests were performed for each ratio vs d5/6 blastocyst formation. These results were compared with those obtained from purely human annotations.
Main results and the role of chance
From the purely human annotations, the percentages of oocytes in groups 1–4 respectively were: 3.3%, 85.3%, 11.4% and 0%. This variation in oolemma response may be due to the arrangement of thick and thin microfilaments or cortical granules in the cytoskeleton. When analysed with d5/6 blastocyst formation, these showed no significant result (p = 0.12) which is consistent with findings using the model.
The artificial intelligence (AI) model processed 26 frames per second. During human validation of the ratios calculated at maximal indentation, 36% of width ratios and 31% of height ratios were rejected.
The proportion of blastocysts formed in the upper and lower quartile for each ratio was analysed. Both the upper (0.49) and lower (0.41) quartiles of the width ratios were not significant for d5/6 blastocyst formation. The lower (1.12) quartile of height ratios showed no significance, however there were significantly fewer blastocysts formed on d5/6 for the upper (1.18) quartile of height ratios (p < 0.025). This subtle change in the height ratio, which was significant for d5/6 blastocyst formation was not taken into account when grouping oocytes any previous literature (and our human labelling).
Limitations, reasons for caution
This study was conducted at a single clinic so variations between clinics were not captured in the study and would need further collaborations to confirm the proportion of oocytes responses. Due to the small sample size, this study also did not identify any group 4 oocytes cultured until d5/6.
Wider implications of the findings: The grouping criteria in this study were more quantitative than previous work yet indicated no correlation between the oolemma group and d5/6 blastocyst formation. However, changes in the height which are hard to assess in real-time (and which have been neglected in previous literature) were seen to be significant.
Trial registration number
NA
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The effect of maize-alfalfa intercropping on the physiological characteristics, nitrogen uptake and yield of maize. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:1140-1149. [PMID: 32609937 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In Northeastern China, the intensive cropping system and increased use of chemical fertilizer has caused severe problems in terms of sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, to improve agricultural sustainability and crop productivity the farming system needs to be modified in the region. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of maize-alfalfa intercropping on the physiological characteristics, nitrogen (N) uptake and yield of the maize crops in northeast China in 2017-2018. The study findings showed that intercropping under N fertilization progressively improved the physio-agronomic indices of the maize crop as compared to mono-cropping. The grain yield, 100 seed weight and biomass dry matter of maize crop improved in intercropping when it was practiced with N fertilizer. Furthermore, intercropping with N fertilization increased the chlorophyll content of the maize crop at bell-mouthed, silking, filing and mature stages by 19%, 44%, 12%, and 9% in 2017 and by 23%, 43%, 15%, and 11% in 2018, respectively, as compared with the monocropping system. Unlike monocropping, intercropping with N fertilization increased the photosynthesis rate (14% and 15%), stomatal conductance (74% and 98%) and transpiration rate (74% and 75%) in 2017 and 2018, respectively. However, intercropping reduced intercellular CO2 (Ci ). Moreover, intercropping with N fertilization increased the maize N content of grain and leaves as well as total N uptake by 49%, 31% and 93% in 2017 and 53%, 34% and 132%, respectively, in 2018 as compared to monocropping. In conclusion, our results suggest that maize-alfalfa intercropping with optimal N fertilization provides a practical method for improving growth, yield and N accumulation in the maize crop.
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Perioperative intravenous contrast administration and the incidence of acute kidney injury after major gastrointestinal surgery: prospective, multicentre cohort study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1023-1032. [PMID: 32026470 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. RESULTS A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) received intravenous contrast. The overall rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery was 13·4 per cent (718 of 5378). In the propensity score-matched model, preoperative exposure to contrast was not associated with AKI within 7 days (odds ratio (OR) 0·95, 95 per cent c.i. 0·73 to 1·21; P = 0·669). The sensitivity analysis showed no association between preoperative contrast administration and AKI within 48 h after operation (OR 1·09, 0·84 to 1·41; P = 0·498). CONCLUSION There was no association between preoperative intravenous contrast administered for CT up to 7 days before surgery and postoperative AKI. Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy should not be used as a reason to avoid contrast-enhanced CT.
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Comparison of Renal Outcomes in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Device and Heart Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:3395-3398. [PMID: 31810507 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal function is a major consideration for orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) and left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy. We compared serial changes in renal function and outcomes between patients who underwent OHT and LVAD therapy over 12 months. METHODS Forty-five and 58 consecutive patients who underwent LVAD implantation (all bridge to transplant or candidacy) and OHT from April 2014 to November 2016 were included. Six of these patients were in both LVAD and OHT cohorts. Survival analysis was calculated using Kaplan Meier and log rank methods. Univariate analysis of data was performed using χ2, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests where appropriate. Comparisons of the renal function to baseline were conducted using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Renal function had a biphasic course among the LVAD cohort, increasing at 30 days but reducing at 6 and 12 months. Meanwhile, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was seen to progressively decline among OHT recipients. Altogether, eGFR was significantly higher at 6 and 12 months among the LVAD cohort compared to OHT (68.3 vs 59.4, P = .046; 68.3 vs 50.4, P = .015). Compared to the baseline average, eGFR had risen among the LVAD patients (P = .031) but had decreased among the OHT group (P < .001) at 12 months. No significant difference in survival was seen at 1 year (84.4% vs 81.0%; P = .540) and 2 years (78.3% vs 78.8%, P = .687) between the cohorts. CONCLUSION Despite poorer baseline renal function, LVAD therapy was associated with comparable survival and better renal outcomes compared to OHT at 12 months. Renal impairment may favor the use of LVAD therapy over OHT in the short term.
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Nephroprotective roles of potent medicinal plants against acetaminophen (N-acetyl-P-aminophenol) induced kidney damage in mice. N Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.1241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Mouth morphological development of Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) larvae collected from Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2018; 39:877-882. [DOI: 10.22438/jeb/39/5(si)/27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
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Acute blood transfusion reactions in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan - an initiative towards haemovigilance. Transfus Med 2018; 29:275-278. [PMID: 29845667 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we report acute blood transfusion reactions at our hospital, compare our analysis with the reported data and identify areas for improvement. BACKGROUND Haemovigilance programmes have been implemented in many countries, and adverse events associated with blood transfusion are published in their annual reports. Pakistan has no current established programme. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, and all adverse reactions reported to the blood bank from January 2014 to March 2016 were included. An adverse response in the patient, related to administration of blood (within 24 h), was considered an immediate transfusion reaction. RESULTS During the study period, 20 956 blood components were issued. A total of 32 (0·15%) adverse reactions were documented. Allergic reactions were the most common adverse event observed in 15 (46·8%) of the cases. Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) was the second most common reaction seen in nine (28%) followed by bacterial contamination in four (12·5%) and acute haemolytic reaction in two (6·2%) of the cases. CONCLUSION The low incidence indicates underreporting and the need for a formal haemovigilance system. International benchmarking between different medical systems is helpful to identify areas in the transfusion process that have to be changed to improve transfusion safety.
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Intravenous omega-3 fatty acids are associated with better clinical outcome and less inflammation in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis: A randomised double blind controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2018; 39:2711-2719. [PMID: 32921364 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Omega-3 fatty acids (FA) can ameliorate the hyper-inflammatory response that occurs in conditions such as severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and this may improve clinical outcome. We tested the hypothesis that parenteral omega-3 FA from a lipid emulsion that includes fish oil could be beneficial in patients with predicted SAP by reducing C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration (primary outcome), and modulating the inflammatory response and improving clinical outcome (secondary outcomes). METHODS In a phase II randomized double-blind single-centre controlled trial, patients with predicted SAP were randomised to receive a daily infusion of fish oil containing lipid emulsion (Lipidem® 20%, BBraun) for 7 days (n = 23) or a daily infusion of a lipid emulsion without fish oil (Lipofundin® MCT 20%, BBraun) (n = 22). RESULTS On admission, both groups had comparable pancreatitis predicted severity and APACHE II scores. Administration of fish oil resulted in lower total blood leukocyte number (P = 0.04), CRP (P = 0.013), interleukin-8 (P = 0.05) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (P = 0.01) concentrations, multiple organ dysfunction score, sequential organ failure assessment score (P = 0.004), early warning score (P = 0.01), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (P = 0.03) compared to the control group. The fish oil group had fewer new organ failures (P = 0.07), lower critical care admission rate (P = 0.06), shorter critical care stay (P = 0.03) and shorter total hospital stay (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that intravenous administration of a fish oil containing lipid emulsion, a source of omega-3 FA, improves clinical outcomes in patients with predicted SAP, benefits that may be linked to reduced inflammation. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV NUMBER NCT01745861. EU CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTER EudraCT (2010-018660-16).
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A Comparison of Renal Outcomes in Patients With LVAD and Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Zn2+
Interrupts R4-R3 Association Leading to Accelerated Aggregation of Tau Protein. Chemistry 2017; 23:16976-16979. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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NiO-nanoflakes grafted graphene: an excellent photocatalyst and a novel nanomaterial for achieving complete pathogen control. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:16321-16328. [PMID: 29051936 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05756c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The increased levels of industrial pollutants in water and of drug-resistant pathogens more generally are a serious threat to human and aquatic life. Herein, we present the solar-light-induced dye removal and bactericidal properties of nickel oxide (NiO) and graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) nanocomposites. The conducting nature of GNPs is the key factor that accounts for the enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. Remarkably, the graphene/NiO nanocomposite shows outstanding photocatalytic activity (99% degradation) as compared to NiO (34%) alone, which makes it a potential candidate for the depollution of dye-contaminated water. In addition, the optimized amount of GNPs in the graphene/NiO nanocomposite renders it an exceptional antibacterial material, producing 100% growth inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria). Therefore, the graphene/NiO nanocomposite can be an innovative material to achieve complete pathogen control, alongside being an economic solution for water treatment.
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SUN-P107: Parenteral Omega 3 Significantly Reduces Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Palliative Pancreatic Patients Receiving Gemcitabine and Intravenous Omega 3 Compared to Patients Receiving Gemcitabine only Treatment. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)30520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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MON-P095: The Effect of Fish Oil-Supplemented Gemcitabine Treatment on Leukotriene B4 Levels in Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)30988-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Next Generation Sequencing: The Dawn of New Era of Diagnosis in Myelodysplastic Syndromes from Pakistan. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Clinicohematological and Cytogenetic Profile of Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Pakistan – Compare and Contrast. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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S126 How does knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards shisha pipe smoking vary amongst university students? Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Intracranial venous thrombosis in a man taking clomiphene citrate. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr2016217403. [PMID: 27873748 PMCID: PMC5128985 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-217403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Clomiphene citrate is widely used by the female population for the management of a wide array of medical conditions especially those related to ovulation, but its use in male population remains controversial. Efficacy of clomiphene is not well established in male hypogonadism and infertility. Its side effects and complications are also poorly studied or reported. We present a case of a man with infertility issues for which he started receiving clomiphene citrate 3 weeks before presenting with progressive symptoms of headache, vomiting, transient blurred vision and diplopia, which eventually turned out to be the symptoms of intracranial venous thrombosis. After excluding the common causes of intracranial venous thrombosis and hypercoagulable state, clomiphene citrate seems the most likely culprit.
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SUN-P085: Parenteral Omega 3 Significantly Increases Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Palliative Pancreatic Patients Receiving Gemcitabine and Intravenous Omega 3. Clin Nutr 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(16)30428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Inner shell as variation key of local hard clam Meretrix spp. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:641-646. [PMID: 28779722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The morphology and 12 shell morphometric features proportionate to shell length were analysed between local hard clam; Meretrix lyrata, M. meretrix and M. lusoria from Sarawak, Malaysia. Meretrix spp. was observed to comprise a unique feature of a pallial sinus scar for each species. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among Meretrix spp. using proportion ratios of SL for SW; LL; AL; LCT; AW; PW and PS (p<0.05). Cluster analysis among morphometric features of M. lyrata, M. meretrix and M. lusoria were discriminated at 98.5% similarities and supported by the principal component analysis. The present study suggests that pallial sinus scar shape, together with interior and exterior morphometric features, were suitable as identification keys for Meretrix spp. Hence, the present study emphasizes on the application of interior, rather than exterior morphology and morphometric features in hard clam identification before further investigation can be performed through genetic identification means.
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Comparison of condition index in the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis between Sebatu and Pasir Panjang, Peninsular Malaysia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:705-708. [PMID: 28779729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The condition index (which relates to the tissue dry weight to shell volume) of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis was investigated at Sebatu in Melaka and Pasir Panjang in Negri Sembilan from September 2003 to February 2004. Monthly samples of P. viridis were collected from culturing rafts at both sites. Variations in the average monthly condition index (CI) of P. viridis ranged from 21.06 to 26.72 g cm(-3) and 15.18 to 19.41 g cm(-3) in Sebatu and Pasir Panjang, respectively. Salinity values were lowest in November between 27.93 to 28.10 ppt in Sebatu and Pasir Panjang, respectively. Salinity then started increasing gradually until it reached 33.26 ppt in Sebatu and 31.23 ppt in Pasir Panjang in the month of February. Chlorophylla in Pasir Panjang showed higher fluctuation, ranging from 2.93 to 14.39 mg/L, while in Sebatu the fluctuations were lower and ranged between 7.70 and 9.37 mg l(-1). Rapid decline in CI values were recorded during January in Sebatu and February in Pasir Panjang. However, this rapid declining state of CI in P. viridis was an indication of its spawning period, when their gametes were released in the water column. These findings would help in the development of captive breeding techniques and mass seed production in aquaculture.
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Impacts of gamete concentration, age and contact time on the fertilization success in the tropical species of white sea urchin, Salmaciella dussumieri. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:647-656. [PMID: 28779723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The globoid sea urchin (Salmaciella dussumieri) occurs abundantly in the Indo-West Pacific from the Island of the West Indian Ocean, East Africa, Magdagascar, Red Sea, South-East Arabia, Ceylon, Bay of Bengal, North Australia, Philippine, China and South Japan and Australia, and also has significant biological, ecological, aquaculture, conservational and medicinal importance. An experiment was carried out to assess the influence of sperm dilution, egg concentration, sperm-egg exposure time, and gamete aging on fertilization success of S. dussumieri in a captive laboratory condition. It has been found that dilution, age and contact time of sperm to egg were successively the most dominant factors effecting the success of fertilization, but concentration of eggs did not significantly so over the range investigated. The sperms retained their competency for more than two hours only in relatively dense sperm concentrations (≥ 10-(4) dilution of 'dry' sperm), although they exhibited lower capability and potency with increasing dilutions and age. In the trials of the egg-sperm exposure time, >80% eggs were fertilized within 10 sec of contact time at lower dilutions (10(-3)-10(-2)) of concentrated sperm, while some longer times were required to get the higher rates of fertilization. On the contrary, eggs remained in good quality for up to a period of 3 h and no abnormality or any adverse effects in fertilization were observed. The findings obtained from the present experiment reveal that limited longevity of diluted sperm have an important effect on fertilization rate of sea urchin eggs during natural spawning seasons in the field. Hence, the globoid sea urchin (S. dussumieri) is under extensive selective pressures to breed synchronously with the purpose of producing high sperm concentrations and higher sperm-egg interactions to maximize the success of fertilization in the water column.
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Sex ratio, gonad development and fecundity of Miyakella nepa (Crustacea, Stomatopoda) of Pantai Remis coastal waters of Malaysia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:677-683. [PMID: 28779726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The sex ratio, gonad development and fecundity of Miyakella nepa (Latreille, 1828), in the coastal waters of Pantai Remis, Perak, were investigated from February 2012 to January 2013. Sex identification was done by identifying stomatopod's genitalia organs, and the ovaries were dissected out and preserved for further analysis. Female stomatopods with mature or near spawning stages were used for fecundity estimation. A total of 951 specimens of M. nepa, with 565 females and 386 males were examined. Results showed a sex ratio of 1:1.46 (male:females). Maximum GSI was estimated to be 5.80, while lowest was 2.95. Sexual maturity for female M. nepa was observed at 100 mm total length. The mean fecundity of M. nepa was 425,657 (? 1,8701) eggs which was observed to increase with increased body length.
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Morphometric relations in the grey eel catfish Plotosus canius in the coastal waters of Port Dickson, Peninsular Malaysia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:573-578. [PMID: 27498503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Samples of grey eel catfish Plotosus canius were collected from the coastal waters of Port Dickson, Malaysia from January to December, 2012. A total of 341 specimens (172 males and 169 females) were used to estimate the length-weight relationship parameters. Mean population size of females were 0.72 cm taller than the males, however difference was not significant (t-test, P > 0.05). The overall relationship equations between total length (TL) and body weight (BW) were established for males as Log TW = 2.71 Log TL - 1.85 (R2 = 0.95) and for females as Log TW = 2.88 Log TL-2.10 (R2 = 0.95). The estimated relative growth co-efficient (b) values were 2.71 for males and 2.88 for females. It is revealed that growth pattern of the species showed negative allometry. In both males and females, relationship between TL and SL gave highest regression coefficient (0.99). While relationship between TL and EL gave lowest regression coefficient in both males and females (0.87 and 0.81 respectively). The findings from this study contributed first information on morphometric relations of the fish from Malaysian coastal waters and could be useful for sustainable management options of P. canius in Malaysia.
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Growth and survival of the tropical sea urchin, Salmacis sphaeroides fed with different macroalgae in captive rearing condition. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:855-862. [PMID: 28779748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was undertaken to develop appropriate culture techniques for high-valued tropical sea urchin, Salmacis sphaeroides under captive aqua-rearing conditions. Three-month-old juveniles produced through induced breeding, larval rearing and metamorphic induction were stocked with 20 juveniles in each of nine well-aerated glass aquaria (46 x 30 x 30 cm).? Juveniles fed with red alga (Amphiroa fragilissima) were designated as Treatment-1 (T1), brown alga (Sargassum polysystum) as Treatment-2 (T(2)) and sea grass (Enhalus acoroides) as Treatment-3 (T(3)). At the time of stocking, juveniles were under the same age group and batch-reared with a mean length and weight of 9.98 ? 0.56 mm and 0.49 ? 0.11 g, respectively. The juveniles were fed ad libitum, and the seawater in each rearing aquarium was changed at bi-monthly intervals. The culture was carried out for one year during which time the juveniles attained sexual maturity. Growth performances (viz., final weight, weight gain, final length, length gain, specific growth rate and daily growth rate) and survival of adults were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T(1) than those in T(2) and T(3), respectively. Gonad production, in terms of wet gonad weight and gonad index, also followed the same trend as that for growth. Hence, of the three algal feed evaluated, red alga appeared to be the most suitable food for rearing of S. sphaeroides under captive conditions. The present study is the first demonstration of successful culturing of S. sphaeroides in a static aquarium system, the findings of which could be helpful towards the commercial sea urchin aquaculture. ?
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Seasonal variations of zooplankton biomass and size-fractionated abundance in relation to environmental changes in a tropical mangrove estuary in the Straits of Malacca. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:685-695. [PMID: 28779727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal variations of zooplankton community in terms of biomass and size-fractionated densities were studied in a tropical Sangga Kechil river, Matang, Perak from June 2010 to April 2011. Zooplankton and jellyfish (hydromedusae, siphonophores and ctenophores) samples were collected bimonthly from four sampling stations by horizontal towing of a 140-?m plankton net and 500 ?m bongo net, respectively. A total of 12 zooplankton groups consisting of six groups each of mesozooplankon (0.2 mm-2.0 mm) and macrozooplankton (2.0 mm-20.0 cm) were recorded. The total zooplankton density (12375?3339 ind m(-3)) and biomass (35.32?14.56 mg m(-3)) were highest during the northeast (NE) monsoon and southwest (SW) monsoon, respectively, indicating the presence of bigger individuals in the latter season. Mesozooplankton predominated (94%) over the macrozooplankton (6%) during all the seasons, and copepods contributed 84% of the total mesozooplankton abundance. Macrozooplankton was dominated by appendicularians during most of the seasons (43%-97%), except during the NE monsoon (December) when chaetognaths became the most abundant (89% of the total macrozooplankton). BIO-ENV analysis showed that total zooplankton density was correlated with turbidity, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, which in turn was positively correlated to chlorophyll a. Cluster analysis of the zooplankton community showed no significant temporal difference between the SW and NE monsoon season during the study period (> 90% similarity). The present study revealed that the zooplankton community in the tropical mangrove estuary in the Straits of Malacca was dominated by mesoplankton, especially copepods.
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Sex ratio, spawning season and the size at maturity of Parapenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller 1862) in the coastal waters of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:709-713. [PMID: 28779730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Parapenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller, 1862) locally referred to as ?udang kulit keras? in Malaysia has profound biological, ecological, aquacultural and conservational significance. The reproductive biology of this important penaeid from the coastal waters of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia, was studied during the period between February 2012 to January 2013. Females outnumbered males with a sex ratio of M: F= 1:3 (P < 0.05). Four maturity stages of female gonads viz., immature, maturing, mature and spent stages were distinguished. The first stage of sexual maturity was attained at a length of 9.3 cm, and female P. sculptilis showed a peak gonadosomatic index during the month of April, August and October, indicating that P. sculptilis potentially breeds throughout the year. The findings of this study would greatly contribute towards the understanding of gonadal maturation, spawning season and breeding biology, which could be important for the effective population management of this prawn species.
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Effects of feeding frequency on growth performance of endangered Temoleh, Probarbus jullieni (Sauvage, 1880) juveniles. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 37:825-828. [PMID: 28779744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of feeding frequencies on the growth and feed utilization efficiencies of endangered Temoleh, Probarbus jullieni under captive rearing condition. The juvenile fish, weighing from 12.03g to 32.64g, were fed with an extruded commercial pellet for 60 days. Three restricted feeding regimes were tested in treatments viz., three meals per day (Teratment-1, T1), two meals per day (Teratment-2, T2) and one meal per day (Teratment-3, T3). The experiment was carried out in aquarium tanks on a recirculating water system. The fortnightly mean growth rate was 2.00 g in T1, 1.27 g in T2 and 0.57 g in T3, decreasing from T1 to T3 in that order. The percentage weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and daily growth rate (DGR) were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the treatments, which were highest in T1 as compared to those in T2 and T3, respectively. The best food conversion ratio (FCR) was also observed in T1. Among the tested treatments, three times a day feeding regime appeared to be the most suitable and could be recommended for rearing of P. jullieni under intensive culture systems. ?
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Plasma and erythrocyte uptake of omega-3 fatty acids from an intravenous fish oil based lipid emulsion in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer. Clin Nutr 2016; 36:768-774. [PMID: 27342748 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that short term intravenous (IV) administration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is more effective than oral supplementation at promoting incorporation of the bioactive omega-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) into plasma, blood cells and tissues. The effect of repeated short term IV infusion of omega-3 PUFAs was investigated in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer during palliative chemotherapy. METHODS Patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer (n = 21) were recruited into a phase II pilot clinical trial. All patients were scheduled for an intravenous infusion of Omegaven® (fish oil supplement containing EPA and DHA) at a rate of 2 ml/kg body weight for 4 h once a week for up to six months. Blood samples were collected to assess omega-3 PUFA uptake into plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and into red blood cell (RBC) membranes. Fatty acid profiles were analysed by gas chromatography. RESULTS Twenty patients received at least one Omegaven® treatment and were included in the analysis. Each infusion of omega-3 PUFAs resulted in increased EPA and DHA in plasma NEFAs, but there was little effect on PUFAs within plasma PC during the infusions. However, with repeated weekly infusion of omega-3 PUFAs, the EPA content of plasma PC and of RBC membranes increased. CONCLUSION Repeated weekly omega-3 PUFA infusion is effective in enriching plasma PC and RBC membranes in EPA in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer receiving palliative chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.Gov NCT01870791.
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Hyperglycaemia-induced chemoresistance in breast cancer cells: role of the estrogen receptor. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:125-34. [PMID: 26647383 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer patients with diabetes respond less well to chemotherapy; in keeping with this we determined previously that hyperglycaemia-induced chemoresistance in estrogen receptor (ERα) positive breast cancer cells and showed that this was mediated by fatty acid synthase (FASN). More recent evidence suggests that the effect of metabolic syndrome and diabetes is not the same for all subtypes of breast cancer with inferior disease-free survival and worse overall survival only found in women with ERα positive breast cancer and not for other subtypes. Here we examined the impact of hyperglycaemia on ERα negative breast cancer cells and further investigated the mechanism underlying chemoresistance in ERα with a view to identifying strategies to alleviate hyperglycaemia-induced chemoresistance. We found that hyperglycaemia-induced chemoresistance was only observed in ERα breast cancer cells and was dependent upon the expression of ERα as chemoresistance was negated when the ERα was silenced. Hyperglycaemia-induced an increase in activation and nuclear localisation of the ERα that was downstream of FASN and dependent on the activation of MAPK. We found that fulvestrant successfully negated the hyperglycaemia-induced chemoresistance, whereas tamoxifen had no effect. In summary our data suggests that the ERα may be a predictive marker of poor response to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with diabetes. It further indicates that anti-estrogens could be an effective adjuvant to chemotherapy in such patients and indicates the importance for the personalised management of breast cancer patients with diabetes highlighting the need for clinical trials of tailored chemotherapy for diabetic patients diagnosed with ERα positive breast cancers.
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Antibacterial activity of ovary extract from sea urchin Diadema setosum. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2015; 19:1895-1899. [PMID: 26044237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sea urchin gonad is considered as a highly prized delicacy in several countries. It is also rich in valuable bioactive compounds including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and β-carotene. This study was undertaken to examine the antimicrobial properties of the ovary extract from sea urchin Diadema setosum against selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ovary extract was obtained using two different solvents such as methanol and chloroform. The obtained extract was used to examine its potential antimicrobial properties against the following 11 bacterial species using the disc diffusion method: Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, Acinetobacter sp, Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella pneumonia) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus). The activity was measured in terms of zone of inhibition (mm). RESULTS The methanol extract exhibited a higher zone of inhibition against all the bacteria taken for examination. Whereas, the ovary extract obtained by chloroform did not show any antimicrobial activity against S. typhi, S. epidermidis, C. freundii and K. pneumonia. The results indicated that the ovary extract obtained by methanol extracts are capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microbes taken for analysis. Moreover, the result indicates the presence of antimicrobial agents in sea urchin ovary. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that the ovary extract of D. setosum may be a potential source of antimicrobial agent for pathogenic microorganisms.
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P56 * CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY (CED) OF CARBOPLATIN NANOSPHERES FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou249.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Griscelli syndrome. THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MALAYSIA 2014; 69:193-194. [PMID: 25500851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of Griscelli Syndrome (GS). Our patient initially presented with a diagnosis of haemophagocytic lymphistiocytosis (HLH). Subsequent microscopic analysis of the patient's hair follicle revealed abnormal distribution of melanosomes in the shaft, which is a hallmark for GS. Analysis of RAB27A gene in this patient revealed a homozygous mutation in exon 6, c.550C>T, p.R184X . This nonsense mutation causes premature truncation of the protein resulting in a dysfunctional RAB27A. Recognition of GS allows appropriate institution of therapy namely chemotherapy for HLH and curative haemotopoeitic stem cell transplantation.
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Therapeutic moderate hypothermia: a novel modality for management of electrical storm due to ventricular fibrillation. Europace 2014; 16:1481. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Effects of delayed metamorphosis on larval survival, metamorphosis, and juvenile performance of four closely related species of tropical sea urchins (genus Echinometra). ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:918028. [PMID: 24624048 PMCID: PMC3927581 DOI: 10.1155/2014/918028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here, the effects of extended competency on larval survival, metamorphosis, and postlarval juvenile growth of four closely related species of tropical sea urchins, Echinometra sp. A (Ea), E. mathaei (Em), Echinometra sp. C (Ec), and E. oblonga (Eo). Planktotrophic larvae of all four species fed on cultured phytoplankton (Chaetoceros gracilis) attained metamorphic competence within 22-24 days after fertilization. Competent larvae were forced to delay metamorphosis for up to 5 months by preventing them from settling in culture bottles with continuous stirring on a set of 10 rpm rotating rollers and larval survival per monthly intervals was recorded. Larval survival was highest at 24 days, when competence was attained (0 delayed period), and there were no significant differences among the four species. Larvae that had experienced a prolonged delay had reduced survival rate, metamorphosis success, and juvenile survival, but among older larvae, Em had the highest success followed by Ea, Eo, and Ec. Juveniles from larvae of all four species that metamorphosed soon after becoming competent tended to have higher growth rates (test diameter and length of spines) than juveniles from larvae that metamorphosed after a prolonged period of competence with progressively slower growth the longer the prolonged period. Despite the adverse effects of delaying metamorphosis on growth parameters, competent larvae of all four species were able to survive up to 5 months and after metamorphosis grew into 1-month-old juveniles in lab condition. Overall, delayed larvae of Em showed significantly higher larval survival, metamorphosis, and juvenile survival than Ea and Eo, while Ec showed the lowest values in these performances. Em has the most widespread distribution of these species ranging from Africa to Hawaii, while Ec probably has the most restricted distribution. Consequently, differences in distribution may be related to differences in the ability to delay metamorphosis.
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Cellular and plasma uptake of parenteral omega-3 rich lipid emulsion fatty acids in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Clin Nutr 2013; 33:895-9. [PMID: 24140233 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Omega-3 rich fatty acids (n-3FA) have powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic properties. Previous studies have investigated plasma and cellular uptake of oral and parenteral n-3FA regimens. These have shown that n-3FA undergo rapid uptake into cells which is sustained for the length of the treatment course. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term uptake of prolonged, regular treatment courses of parenteral n-3FA which has not been previously reported. METHODS As part of a phase II single-arm trial, patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were treated with gemcitabine plus parenteral n-3FA rich lipid emulsion (up to 100 g) each week for three consecutive weeks with a subsequent rest week. This was repeated for up to six months in total for each patient. Pre-treatment serum and erythrocyte cell membrane (ECM) pellet samples were obtained each week for the entire treatment course of each patient. Post-treatment samples were obtained for the first two cycles only to assess rapid uptake. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were produced and analysed using gas chromatography. FAME proportions as a total of sample lipid composition for each class were plotted and the results analysed using a linear regression coefficient model. RESULTS There was rapid and significant uptake of EPA and DHA FAME into plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFA) and EPA into ECM pellets in post-treatment samples (median increase of 1.06%, 0.65% and 0.05% respectively). There was significant reduction in n-6 fatty acid FAMEs and DHA in ECM pellets (decrease of 0.31% and 0.8% respectively- p = 0.031 for all). There was significant sustained uptake of EPA and DHA FAME into ECM pellets over the cohort's pooled treatment course with corresponding reduction in the n-6:n-3 ratio. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged regular parenteral n-3FA administration results in rapid and sustained cellular uptake. This regimen is appropriate for therapies aimed at increasing n-3FA content of cellular membranes and reduction of the n-6:n-3 ratio.
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PP056-SUN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 FISH OIL INFUSION ON THE T-REGULATORY CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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OP004 EVALUATION OF THE CYTOKINES RESPONSE TO OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS: A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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PP103-SUN QUALITY OF LIFE IMPROVEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED PANCREATIC CANCER TREATED WITH GEMCITABINE AND INTRAVENOUS OMEGA-3 RICH LIPID EMULSION. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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The effect of catheter based renal denervation on nocturnal blood pressure and nocturnal pulse pressure in patients with true resistant hypertension: National heart institute Malaysia experience. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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The impact of the AIGISRX antimicrobial pouch on Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) infection rates: a comparison of de novo vs non-de novo procedures. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) infections: incidence, risk factors, and implications for hospital surveillance programs. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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The multifaceted effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated Fatty acids on the hallmarks of cancer. J Lipids 2013; 2013:261247. [PMID: 23762563 PMCID: PMC3671553 DOI: 10.1155/2013/261247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid have been shown to have multiple beneficial antitumour actions that affect the essential alterations that dictate malignant growth. In this review we explore the putative mechanisms of action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in cancer protection in relation to self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals, apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion, and how these will hopefully translate from bench to bedside.
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Taxonomic Composition and Abundance of Zooplankton Copepoda in the Coastal Waters of Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/jfas.2013.472.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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[Hirschsprung disease]. PRAXIS 2013; 102:407-411. [PMID: 23531908 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a001235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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