1
|
Plaisance L, Matterson K, Fabricius K, Drovetski S, Meyer C, Knowlton N. Effects of low pH on the coral reef cryptic invertebrate communities near CO2 vents in Papua New Guinea. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258725. [PMID: 34910721 PMCID: PMC8673656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cryptic invertebrates (the cryptofauna) are extremely abundant, ecologically important, and species rich on coral reefs. Ongoing ocean acidification is likely to have both direct effects on the biology of these organisms, as well as indirect effects through cascading impacts on their habitats and trophic relationships. Naturally acidified habitats have been important model systems for studying these complex interactions because entire communities that are adapted to these environmental conditions can be analyzed. However, few studies have examined the cryptofauna because they are difficult to census quantitatively in topographically complex habitats and are challenging to identify. We addressed these challenges by using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) for sampling reef-dwelling invertebrates >2 mm in size and by using DNA barcoding for taxonomic identifications. The study took place in Papua New Guinea at two reef localities, each with three sites at varying distances from carbon dioxide seeps, thereby sampling across a natural gradient in acidification. We observed sharp overall declines in both the abundance (34-56%) and diversity (42-45%) of organisms in ARMS under the lowest pH conditions sampled (7.64-7.75). However, the overall abundance of gastropods increased slightly in lower pH conditions, and crustacean and gastropod families exhibited varying patterns. There was also variability in response between the two localities, despite their close proximity, as one control pH site displayed unusually low diversity and abundances for all invertebrate groups. The data illustrate the complexity of responses of the reef fauna to pH conditions, and the role of additional factors that influence the diversity and abundance of cryptic reef invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Plaisance
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS/UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Kenan Matterson
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), Università di Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | | | - Sergei Drovetski
- US Geological Survey, Eastern Ecological Science Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Chris Meyer
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Nancy Knowlton
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pawłowska B, Telesiński A, Biczak R. Effect of diclofenac and naproxen and their mixture on spring barley seedlings and Heterocypris incongruens. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 88:103746. [PMID: 34536620 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a popular group of drugs used worldwide. These drugs are also available over the counter, which implies that their consumption is not strictly regulated. They are released through wastewater and feces and can have adverse effects on the environment. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of two NSAIDs, diclofenac (DCF) and naproxen (NAP), and their mixture (DCF + NAP) on spring barley seedlings and ostracods Heterocypris incongruens. The tested drugs had a negative impact on bivalve ostracods and the studied plants. DCF was the most toxic toward ostracods, while spring barley seedlings were affected the most by NAP. The application of the tested compounds and their mixture resulted in a decrease in fresh weight yield and the content of photosynthetic pigments. In addition, an increase in H2O2 and proline content and changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (POD, APX, CAT, and SOD) were observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pawłowska
- Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, The Faculty of Science and Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, The Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Juliusza Słowackiego st. 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Biczak
- Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, The Faculty of Science and Technology, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chou A, Lin C, Cronin TW. Visual metamorphoses in insects and malacostracans: Transitions between an aquatic and terrestrial life. Arthropod Struct Dev 2020; 59:100974. [PMID: 32822960 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arthropods operate in an outrageous diversity of environments. From the deep sea to dense tropical forests, to wide open arctic tundra, they have colonized almost every possible habitat. Within these environments, the presence of light is nearly ubiquitous, varying in intensity, wavelength, and polarization. Light provides critical information about the environment, such as time of day or where food sources may be located. Animals take advantage of this prevalent and informative cue to make behavioral choices. However, the types of choices animals face depend greatly on their environments and needs at any given time. In particular, animals that undergo metamorphosis, with arthropods being the prime example, experience dramatic changes in both behavior and ecology, which in turn may require altering the structure and function of sensory systems such as vision. Amphibiotic organisms maintain aquatic lifestyles as juveniles before transitioning to terrestrial lifestyles as adults. However, light behaves differently in water than in air, resulting in distinct aquatic and terrestrial optical environments. Visual changes in response to these optical differences can occur on multiple levels, from corneal structure down to neural organization. In this review, we summarize examples of alterations in the visual systems of amphibiotic larval and adult insects and malacostracan crustaceans, specifically those attributed to environmental differences between metamorphic phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Chou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - Chan Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, 20560, USA
| | - Thomas W Cronin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Haque MN, Nam SE, Kim BM, Kim K, Rhee JS. Temperature elevation stage-specifically increases metal toxicity through bioconcentration and impairment of antioxidant defense systems in juvenile and adult marine mysids. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 237:108831. [PMID: 32585368 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metals are of serious concern due to their toxicity, persistency, and accumulation potential in aquatic animals. However, limited information is available on the combined effects of metal with temperature elevation, which is one of the future climate changes suggested for the oceans. In this study, the effect of temperature elevation was investigated by analyzing toxicity, bioconcentration, and antioxidant response in juvenile and adult marine mysids upon exposure to 20 °C and 25 °C for 48 h and 96 h. Based on LC50 values, toxicity of metals was highly reliant on temperature, exposure period, and age. Elevation in temperature significantly increased the whole metal toxicity in juveniles. Bioconcentration was elevated by increasing exposure period and metal concentration. Significant elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and depletion of glutathione (GSH) was measured in juveniles, while significant elevation of both MDA and GSH was detected in adults. Subsequently, enzymatic activities of antioxidant enzymes in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly in adults at 48 h and 96 h, whereas most activities were significantly lowered in juveniles at 96 h. These results suggest that the early life stage of marine mysids is more sensitive to the combined effect of metal and temperature than adult stage due to an impairment in the induction of the antioxidant defense system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Niamul Haque
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Kim
- Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mooney TJ, McCullough CD, Jansen A, Chandler L, Douglas M, Harford AJ, van Dam R, Humphrey C. Elevated Magnesium Concentrations Altered Freshwater Assemblage Structures in a Mesocosm Experiment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020; 39:1973-1987. [PMID: 32662894 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is a mining-related contaminant in the Alligators Rivers Region of tropical northern Australia. A mesocosm experiment was used to assess Mg toxicity to aquatic freshwater assemblages. Twenty-five 2700-L tubs were arranged, stratified randomly, on the bed of Magela Creek, a seasonally flowing, sandy stream channel in the Alligator Rivers Region of northern Australia. The experiment comprised 5 replicates of 4 nominal Mg treatments, 2.5, 7.5, 23, and 68 mg L-1 , and a control. Phytoplankton biomass, and diatom, zooplankton, and macroinvertebrate assemblages present in the treatment tubs were sampled before and after Mg addition. A significant negative relationship between phytoplankton biomass and Mg was observed 4 wk after Mg addition as measured by chlorophyll a concentrations (r2 = 0.97, p = 0.01). This result was supported by reductions in some major phytoplankton groups in response to increasing Mg concentrations, in the same experiment and from independent field studies. There was a significant negative relationship between zooplankton assemblage similarity (to control) and Mg concentrations (r2 = 0.96, p = 0.002). Seven weeks after Mg addition, macroinvertebrate assemblages were dominated by 3 microcrustacean groups (Ostracoda, Cladocera, and Copepoda), each reaching maximum abundance at intermediate Mg concentrations (i.e., unimodal responses). The responses of phytoplankton and zooplankton were used to derive assemblage effect concentrations (Mg concentrations resulting in x% of the assemblage change [ECx]). Magnesium concentrations resulting in assemblage EC01 values were <3 mg L-1 . Together with candidate guideline values from other laboratory- and field-based lines of evidence, the mesocosm EC01 values were incorporated into a weight-of-evidence framework for a robust regulatory approach to environmental protection. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1973-1987. © 2020 Commonwealth of Australia. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Mooney
- Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | | | - Andrew Jansen
- Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Lisa Chandler
- Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Michael Douglas
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew J Harford
- Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Rick van Dam
- Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Chris Humphrey
- Environmental Research Institute of the Supervising Scientist, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou R, Zeng S, Hou D, Liu J, Weng S, He J, Huang Z. Temporal variation of antibiotic resistance genes carried by culturable bacteria in the shrimp hepatopancreas and shrimp culture pond water. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 199:110738. [PMID: 32447139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a challenge to the health of humans, animals and the environments. Human activities and aquatic environments can increase ARGs. Few studies have focused on the temporal variation of aquatic bacteria with multiple ARGs in aquatic environments affected by human production activity. We studied culturable bacteria (CB) carrying ARGs, including sul1, sul2, floR, strA and gyrA in the shrimp hepatopancreas (HP) and in pond water during shrimp culture. The relative abundance of ARGs carried by CB in HP was higher than that in water (P < 0.05). However, CB carrying ARGs generally varied in random pattern. The correlation of sul2 abundance was significantly positive in HP, while that of strA abundance was significantly negative in water (P < 0.05) during shrimp culture. Among all of the CB, 33.59% carried multiple ARGs. Temporal distance-decay analysis indicated that CB carrying ARGs in water were more resistant to the effects of human activity. CB carrying ARGs varied temporally in HP and pond water during shrimp culture. These results demonstrate that multiple ARGs are carried by CB, and these varied with the phase of aquatic culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Shenzheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Dongwei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| | - Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Palecanda S, Feller KD, Porter ML. Using larval barcoding to estimate stomatopod species richness at Lizard Island, Australia for conservation monitoring. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10990. [PMID: 32620832 PMCID: PMC7335096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomatopods (Crustacea, Stomatopoda) are well studied for their aggressive behavior and unique visual system as well as their commercial importance in Asian and European countries. Like many crustaceans, stomatopods undergo indirect development, passing though several larval stages before reaching maturity. Adult stomatopods can be difficult to catch due to their inaccessible habitats and cryptic coloration. By sampling larvae from the planktonic community, less effort is required to obtain accurate measures of species richness within a region. Stomatopod larvae were collected between 2006 and 2015 from the waters around the Lizard Island reef platform in Eastern Australia. Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial DNA sequences were generated from each larval sample and compared to a database of COI sequences tied to adult specimens. Of the 20 species collected from Lizard Island as adults which have COI data available, 18 species were identified from larval sampling. One additional species identified from larval samples, Busquilla plantei, was previously unknown from Lizard Island. Nine larval OTUs were found not to match any published adult sequences. Sampling larval stomatopod populations provides a comparable picture of the adult population to benthic sampling methods and may include species richness beyond what is measurable by sampling adult populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitara Palecanda
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - Kathryn D Feller
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Biological Sciences, Union College, Schenectady, NY, USA
| | - Megan L Porter
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hughes SA, Naile J, Pinza M, Ray C, Hester B, Baum J, Gardiner W, Kallestad W, Brzuzy L. Characterization of Miscellaneous Effluent Discharges from a Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit to the Marine Environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:2811-2823. [PMID: 31441964 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A study was performed to evaluate the potential biological impacts from 8 different miscellaneous discharges from an oil and gas mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU) including deck drainage, desalination unit waste, boiler blowdown, fire control system test water, noncontact cooling water, and bilge water. Samples were evaluated for toxicity using a rapid (<1 h) initial screening test (echinoderm [Dendraster excentricus] fertilization test), and if toxicity was found, further testing was conducted using 3 chronic whole-effluent toxicity tests. This additional testing included the embryo larval development 72-h echinoderm (D. excentricus); 7-d mysid (Americamysis bahia) survival, growth, and fecundity invertebrate test; and 7-d topsmelt (Atherinops affinis) survival and growth fish test. Toxicity identification evaluations were performed on 3 discharges that consistently elicited a toxic response during whole-effluent toxicity testing. To place the results of the toxicity testing into the context of environmental risk, the spatial extent of potential biological effects was investigated using the CORMIX mixing zone model. The output of the modeling indicated that discharge of selected effluents did not result in concentrations, or duration of exposure, that would elicit toxic effects to organisms living in the surrounding environment. The present study provides a comprehensive data set that was used to characterize potential toxicity and environmental risk of MODU "miscellaneous discharges" which could help inform future risk assessments of these discharges. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2811-2823. © 2019 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meg Pinza
- EcoAnalysts, Inc., Port Gamble, Washington, USA
| | - Collin Ray
- EcoAnalysts, Inc., Port Gamble, Washington, USA
| | | | - Julia Baum
- EcoAnalysts, Inc., Port Gamble, Washington, USA
| | | | - Waverly Kallestad
- Department of Forestry & Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cheng G, Li S. Molecular cloning and characterization of genes encoding chitinase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase in Dolerocypris sinensis. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2019; 65:73-80. [PMID: 31472050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chitinases and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) are important in molting and growth of crustaceans. In ostracods, the genes encoding these enzymes have not been characterized. The aim of the present study was to clone the genes encoding chitinase (DsChi) and NAG (DsNAG) from the ostracod, Dolerocypris sinensis, elucidate the phylogenetic relationships between the cloned genes and known chitinolytic enzymes, and determine the expression patterns of these genes at different stages of growth in the presence of an environmental pollutant. The genes were amplified from the genomic DNA of the organism using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The products from PCR were cloned and characterized with bioinformatics tools, and their expression patterns at different growth stages were determined using real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Nine and five introns were identified in DsChi and DsNAG genes, respectively. When compared with protein sequences available in GenBank, chitinase from D. sinensis was most closely related to that of Macrobrachium nipponense (61 % homology). The NAG of D. sinensis was most closely related to that of Limulus polyphemus (55.6 % homology). Based on phylogenetic analysis of known chitinases from crustaceans and insects, the D. sinensis chitinase tightly clustered in the same branch with chitinases from species within the Malacostraca class. In contrast, NAG of D. sinensis was clustered with NAG from F. candida.The level of expression of DsChi mRNA was significantly higher than that of DsNAG throughout the period of growth (p < 0.05). Treatment of D. sinensis cells with fenoxycarb significantly downregulated the expressions of DsChi and DsNAG throughout the period of growth (p < 0.05). These results show that the protein products of DsChi and DsNAG possess remarkable biochemical properties characteristic of a chitinase and NAG, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gong Cheng
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaonan Li
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Solid wastes from the oil-shale industry produce leachates containing toxic compounds such as heavy metals and persistent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The hazard to the environment represented by waste leachates depends not only on their chemical composition, but also on the mobility and bioavailability of toxic contaminants in soils. We evaluated the applicability of bioassays for toxicity assessment of the bioavailable fraction of heavy metals and PAH in soils, in experiments with samples of four different soil types (Rendzina, Brown pseudopodzolic, Typical brown, Sodpodzolic), the pH of which ranged from 6.2 to 7.2. The toxicity of the bioavailable fraction of the soil contaminants was assessed with the dehydrogenase enzyme activity assay, and with a Toxkit microbiotest with the crustacean, Thamnocephalus platyurus, after treatment of the soil samples with an artificial solution containing chromium (III), lead (II), copper (II), cadmium (II) and pyrene. The test results confirm those of earlier experiments, which characterised the sorption potential of investigated soils for the same compounds. Both tests turned out to be sufficiently sensitive, and hence can be recommended as effective and useful tools for the assessment of the bioavailable fraction of soil contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Irha
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kuebutornye FKA, Abarike ED, Lu Y. A review on the application of Bacillus as probiotics in aquaculture. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 87:820-828. [PMID: 30779995 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics use in aquaculture has gained attention as microbial candidates to maintain the health and the well-being of many aquaculture animals. Among the many microbial candidates, probiotic Bacillus has sporulation capacity that makes them survive harsh environmental conditions, are non-pathogenic and non-toxic when fed to fish, and can produce antimicrobial substances making them more suitable candidates compared to other probiotics. In this review, we discussed the necessity of using the probiotic Bacillus in sustainable aquaculture as a good alternative to improve feed utilization, stress response, immune response and disease resistance, maintenance of tissue integrity, and as well improvement of water quality for sustainable aquaculture. Therefore the findings of current researches about the effects of Bacillus application to improve the culture of aquatic animals for future research and development of Bacillus application in aquaculture have been summarised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix K A Kuebutornye
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Emmanuel Delwin Abarike
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Quinn BK. Occurrence and predictive utility of isochronal, equiproportional, and other types of development among arthropods. Arthropod Struct Dev 2019; 49:70-84. [PMID: 30447339 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In isochronal (ICD) and equiproportional development (EPD), the proportion of total immature (egg, larval, and/or juvenile) development spent in each stage (developmental proportion) does not vary among stages or temperatures, respectively. ICD and EPD have mainly been reported in copepods, and whether they occur in other arthropods is not known. If they did, then rearing studies could be simplified because the durations of later developmental stages could be predicted based on those of earlier ones. The goal of this study was to test whether different taxa have ICD, EPD, or an alternative development type in which stage-specific proportions depend on temperature, termed 'variable proportional' development (VPD), and also how well each development type allowed later-stage durations to be predicted from earlier ones. Data for 71 arthropods (arachnids, copepod and decapod crustaceans, and insects) were tested, and most (85.9%) species were concluded to have VPD, meaning that ICD and EPD do not occur generally. However, EPD predicted later-stage durations comparably well to VPD (within 19-23%), and thus may still be useful. Interestingly, some species showed a 'mixed' form of development, where some stages' developmental proportions varied with temperature while those of others did not, which should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brady K Quinn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, 100 Tucker Park Road, Saint John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luk SY, Hoagland P, Rheuban JE, Costa JE, Doney SC. Modeling the effect of water quality on the recreational shellfishing cultural ecosystem service of Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 140:364-373. [PMID: 30803656 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries provide significant cultural ecosystem services, including recreation and tourism. Disruptions of estuarine biogeochemical processes resulting from environmental degradation could interrupt the flow of these services, reducing benefits and diminishing the welfare of local communities. This study focused on recreational shellfishing in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts (41.55°N, 70.80°W). Relationships among measures of recreational shellfishing, estuarine water quality, and local socioeconomic conditions were tested to understand how the benefits of cultural ecosystem services to local communities might be affected by declining water quality. Transferring estimated economic benefits from an analysis of nearby municipalities, the study finds that increases in Chl a during the 24-year period were associated with losses in recreational shellfishing benefits of $0.08-0.67 million per decade. The approach presented here suggests a more broadly applicable framework for assessing the impacts of changes in coastal ecosystem water quality on the welfare of local communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Y Luk
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
| | - P Hoagland
- Marine Policy Center, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - J E Rheuban
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - J E Costa
- Buzzards Bay National Estuary Program, Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management, Wareham, MA 02538, USA
| | - S C Doney
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, VA 22904, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Martínez-Laiz G, Ulman A, Ros M, Marchini A. Is recreational boating a potential vector for non-indigenous peracarid crustaceans in the Mediterranean Sea? A combined biological and social approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 140:403-415. [PMID: 30803661 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Shipping is understood to be a major vector for the introduction and spread of marine non-indigenous species (NIS). However, recreational boating is still unregulated and its influence as vector has not yet been assessed for the Mediterranean Sea, which is the second most popular recreational boating destination worldwide. This is the first large-scale study to examine this by a combined biological (analyzing hull and marina fouling) and social approach (boaters surveys on maintenance habits, travel patterns and awareness), focused on peracarid crustaceans. A surprisingly high number of NIS were found on vessels cruising Mediterranean waters, and species compositions suggest an exchange between marina and vessel assemblages. This means recreational boating presents a risk for NIS spread which should warrant regulation. Results also implied that regionally coordinated management should be supported by effective local-scale-based management in the Mediterranean, which could improve upon with targeted environmental education to solve lack of awareness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Martínez-Laiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - A Ulman
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M Ros
- Departamento de Biología, CASEM, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - A Marchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qiu B, Zhong X, Liu X. Assessment of the benthic ecological status in the adjacent waters of Yangtze River Estuary using marine biotic indices. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 137:104-112. [PMID: 30503415 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The adjacent waters of the Yangtze River Estuary are influenced by heavy anthropogenic activities. The benthic ecological status was assessed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), and the multivariate AMBI (M-AMBI) based on macrofaunal data collected in this area at 51 sites in June 2013 and June 2014. In total, 321 species of macrofauna were identified. Polychaetes were the most dominant, followed by mollusks and crustaceans. The AMBI results showed that 72.55% of the sites were under slight disturbance with a decreasing disturbance trend from inshore to offshore. M-AMBI showed that most of the sites were under lower disturbance level than those shown by AMBI. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index showed that only two sites, near the Yangtze River Estuary and the Zhoushan Islands, respectively, were under moderate status. Other sites were under good or high status, which is consistent with the M-AMBI results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baochao Qiu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoshou Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao S, Ma L, Wang Y, Fu G, Zhou J, Li X, Fang W. Antimicrobial resistance and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from shrimp mariculture environment along the east coast of China. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 136:164-170. [PMID: 30509797 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has drawn increasing attention due to its great risk to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate AMR and genotyping of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 114) recovered from shrimp mariculture environment in China. The isolates exhibited a high rate of resistance to streptomycin (78.9%), ampicillin (64.9%) and gentamicin (53.5%). Furthermore, multi-drug resistance was highly prevalent (61.4%), in which 95.9% of these ampicillin-resistant isolates were primarily mediated by blaCARB-17. Surprisingly, doxycylcine, florfenicol, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) resistance genes occurred in susceptible isolates. Moreover, 114 isolates were grouped into unique pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns. These findings suggest the need for the prudent use of antimicrobial agents on mariculture farms, in order to control the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhao
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China; Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Licai Ma
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Guihong Fu
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Junfang Zhou
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xincang Li
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wenhong Fang
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Remaili TM, Simpson SL, Bennett WW, King JJ, Mosley LM, Welsh DT, Jolley DF. Assisted natural recovery of hypersaline sediments: salinity thresholds for the establishment of a community of bioturbating organisms. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2018; 20:1244-1253. [PMID: 30074600 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypersaline sediments derived from poor land management or the decommissioning of large-scale salt production contribute to the long-term degradation of aquatic environments. Obstacles impeding remediation of these environments include salt crusts restricting benthic recolonisation, hypersalinity-induced toxicity to organisms, and disruption of biogeochemical cycles. Remediation often focuses on engineered solutions, despite sediment-biota interactions often playing a crucial role in improving long-term remediation and restoration of contaminated areas. The presence of extensive bioturbating communities can assist with flushing of excess salt ions, and the reduction of excess nutrients. Here we investigated the tolerance limits that may impede benthic organism recolonisation of hypersaline sediments. Bioassays on dilutions of a hypersaline sediment (∼400 psu (practical salinity units)) and extracted porewaters were used to assess the acute and chronic tolerances of a range of benthic species. Amphipod, copepod and shrimp species were the least tolerant to hypersalinity; bivalve and gastropod species displayed intermediate tolerance; and crab and polychaete species were the most tolerant, i.e. able to endure prolonged exposure in waters at ≥60 psu. Avoidance tests found many species avoid salinities >50 psu. Short-term endurance tests (time to death) indicated thresholds in the 52-70 psu range through tidal cycle exposures of 6 h (semi-diurnal), 12 h (diurnal), 24 h and 48 h (prolonged). Amphipod reproduction and shrimp larvae development bioassays had EC30's of 46 psu and EC50's in the 54-65 psu range, indicating potential to maintain populations at salinities up to 65 psu. These results will assist in designing successful monitored natural recovery strategies for salt ponds that may supplement the initial engineered approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Remaili
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water, Sydney, NSW 2234, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Haque MN, Lee DH, Kim BM, Nam SE, Rhee JS. Dose- and age-specific antioxidant responses of the mysid crustacean Neomysis awatschensis to metal exposure. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 201:21-30. [PMID: 29859404 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne metals can adversely affect an organism's innate defenses through oxidative stress. In the present study, the marine mysid Neomysis awatchensis was exposed to sublethal concentrations (1/10 and 1/5 of the median LC50s) of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn for 48 or 96 h at the juvenile and adult developmental stages, and the dose- and age-specific antioxidant defense system responses were characterized. Metal accumulation and modulation of four key antioxidant biomarkers, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase, and catalase, were measured in juvenile and adult mysids. Based on LC50, level of metal toxicity was dependent on metal concentration, developmental stage, and the exposure duration. Intracellular MDA content was increased in the As-, Cu-, Pb-, and Zn-exposed juvenile mysids after exposure for 48 and/or 96 h, while increases in MDA content were observed in adult mysids following Cu and Zn exposure. Interestingly, GSH content was differentially modulated, where intracellular GSH levels decreased in juvenile mysids following Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn exposure, but significantly increased in metal-exposed adult mysids, except for Pb exposure. The catalase and superoxide dismutase activities displayed similar stage-specific increases or decreases as also observed for the different GSH levels, suggesting that the susceptibility to and defense against metal-induced oxidative stress differed based on stage. Modulations in MDA and GSH content and enzymatic activity of the antioxidant defense system indicate that mysid antioxidant defense system factors are intimately connected during control of oxidative imbalances with different capacities at different developmental stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Niamul Haque
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Do-Hee Lee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Eun Nam
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea; Institute of Green Environmental Research Center, 169, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsugu, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aimé J, Allenbach M, Bourgeois C, Léopold A, Jacotot A, Vinh TV, Nho NT, Patrona LD, Marchand C. Variability of CO 2 emissions during the rearing cycle of a semi-intensive shrimp farm in a mangrove coastal zone (New Caledonia). Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 129:194-206. [PMID: 29680538 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In New Caledonia, shrimp ponds are built not on cleared mangroves but on salt flats behind the mangroves. The objectives of this study were to determine the variability of CO2 fluxes from a semi-intensive shrimp pond during active and non-active periods of the farm and to determine the carbon dynamics from the upstream tidal creek to the downstream creek, which receives the farm's effluents. CO2 emissions from the active pond were estimated at 11.1 ± 5.26 mmol CO2 m-2 d-1. By modifying the hydrodynamics of the creeks, farm practices also influenced CO2 emissions from both the upstream and downstream creeks. After tillage, all the organic carbon deposited at the pond bottom during the active period was mineralized, resulting in CO2 emissions to the atmosphere estimated at 7.9 TCO2 ha-1. Therefore, shrimp farming is an anthropogenic source of CO2 to the atmosphere, but suitable and optimized rearing practices limit these emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Aimé
- University of New Caledonia, BP R4, 98851 Noumea, New Caledonia; IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | | | - Carine Bourgeois
- Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand, School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, 34 St Paul Street, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand; IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Audrey Léopold
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien (IAC), BP 73, 98890 Païta, New Caledonia; IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia; University of New Caledonia, BP R4, 98851 Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Adrien Jacotot
- University of New Caledonia, BP R4, 98851 Noumea, New Caledonia; IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Truong Van Vinh
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia; Nong Lam University, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Nho
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia; University of Sciences of Ho Chi Minh City, Analytical Chemistry Department, 225 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Luc Della Patrona
- Ifremer, 101 promenade Roger Laroque, Anse Vata, 98800 Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - Cyril Marchand
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, Noumea, New Caledonia; University of Sciences of Ho Chi Minh City, Analytical Chemistry Department, 225 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mihaich E, Staples C, Ortego L, Klečka G, Woelz J, Dimond S, Hentges S. Life-cycle studies with 2 marine species and bisphenol A: The mysid shrimp (Americamysis bahia) and sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:398-410. [PMID: 28834561 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume compound primarily used to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastic. Exposure to low concentrations of BPA occurs in freshwater and marine systems, primarily from wastewater treatment plant discharges. The dataset for chronic toxicity of BPA to freshwater organisms includes studies on fish, amphibians, invertebrates, algae, and aquatic plants. To broaden the dataset, a 1.5-generation test with sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) and a full life-cycle test with mysid shrimp (Americamysis bahia) were conducted. Testing focused on apical endpoints of survival, growth and development, and reproduction. The respective no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) and lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC) values of 170 and 370 µg/L for mysid and 66 and 130 μg/L for sheepshead were based on reduced fecundity. The hazardous concentrations for 5% of the species (HC5) values of 18 μg/L were calculated from species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) with freshwater-only data and combined freshwater and marine data. Inclusion of marine data resulted in no apparent difference in SSD shape, R2 values for the distributions, or HC5 values. Upper-bound 95th percentile concentrations of BPA measured in marine waters of North America and Europe (0.024 and 0.15 μg/L, respectively) are below the HC5 value of 18 μg/L. These results suggest that marine and freshwater species are of generally similar sensitivity and that chronic studies using a diverse set of species can be combined to assess the aquatic toxicity of BPA. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:398-410. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Ortego
- Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gary Klečka
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Irizuki T, Hirose K, Ueda Y, Fujihara Y, Ishiga H, Seto K. Ecological shifts due to anthropogenic activities in the coastal seas of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, since the 20th century. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 127:637-653. [PMID: 29475707 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiproxy analyses were conducted using sediment cores in a low-polluted coastal site (Hiuchi-nada) in the Seto Inland Sea (SIS), Japan. Heavy metal and organic pollution peaked in the 1960s and the bottom environments have ameliorated since the 1980s due to several environmental regulations. First ecological shifts in meiobenthic ostracodes and diatoms occurred in the 1960s due to the initiation of eutrophication. Then, a second ecological shift occurred in the 1980s due to the amelioration of the water and the bottom quality. A compilation of similar analytical results in the coastal seas of the SIS reveals three types of ecological and environmental history since the 20th century. The environmental improvement since the 1980s affects the ecosystems, in particular, in a low-polluted bay. However, ecological compositions are different from those prior to the 1960s, suggesting that the ecosystem was not recovered but changed into the next stage in the SIS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Irizuki
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Hirose
- Department of Earth Sciences, Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yukari Ueda
- Department of Geoscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujihara
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishiga
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Koji Seto
- Estuary Research Center, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho Matsue, 690-8504, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rana S, Biswas JK, Rinklebe J, Meers E, Bolan N. Harnessing fertilizer potential of human urine in a mesocosm system: a novel test case for linking the loop between sanitation and aquaculture. Environ Geochem Health 2017; 39:1545-1561. [PMID: 28337622 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-9942-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Human urine (HU) is a biogenic fertilizer which has raised immense interest owing to its capacity of combining sanitation and nutrient recovery. In search of an alternative organic fertilizer for fish culture, the nutrient potential of HU was evaluated. Fries of Indian carps and larvae of freshwater prawn were reared for 120 days under six conditions: (a) aerated and (b) non-aerated fresh HU (0.01%), (c) cattle manure (CM; 1.8 kg tank-1), mixed treatment with CM and HU under (d) iso-phosphorus and (e) iso-nitrogenous condition and (f) control. Monitoring of water quality and biological parameters revealed that total fish yield was the highest in CM (621.5 g tank-1) followed by mixed treatments under iso-nitrogenous (428 g tank-1) and iso-phosphorus (333 g tank-1) conditions, aerated HU (321 g tank-1) and HU (319 g tank-1). The gross primary productivity (GPP) in HU was satisfactory (601.8 mg C m-2 h-1) and superior to all but CM treatment. The abundance of heterotrophic bacteria (HB) was highest in CM and lowest in HU. Both GPP and HB population were correlated positively with fish yield per tank. Although pH in all treatments remained high (pH 8.4-8.9), no ammonia toxicity was observed. No E. coli infestation in any fish muscle was encountered. The concentrations of cadmium and lead in fish muscle were within respective safe level. The study established that high fertilizer potential of HU could be exploited as an alternative organic fertilizer or as a candidate to be blended with cattle manure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Rana
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India.
- Pollution, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Unit, Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, 741235, India.
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwnagjin-gu, Seoul, 143-747, South Korea
| | - Erik Meers
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), ATC Building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gebrehiwot M, Kifle D, Triest L. Emergent Macrophytes Support Zooplankton in a Shallow Tropical Lake: A Basis for Wetland Conservation. Environ Manage 2017; 60:1127-1138. [PMID: 28887591 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-017-0935-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the biodiversity value of littoral zones of lakes is a priority for aquatic biodiversity conservation. However, less emphasis has been given to the littoral part of tropical African lakes, with many of the previous researches focusing only on the open water side. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the impact of the littoral zone of a shallow freshwater tropical lake (Ziway, Ethiopia), dominated by two emergent macrophytes, on zooplankton community structure. We hypothesized that the wetland vegetation serves as a preferred microhabitat for zooplankton communities. A lake with substantial coverage of emergent macrophytes was monitored monthly from January to August, 2016. The monitoring included the measurements of physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Sampling sites were selected to represent areas of the macrophyte vegetation (Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis) and the open water part of the lake. Sites with macrophyte vegetation were found to be the home of more dense and diverse zooplankton community. However, during the period of high vegetation loss, the density of crustacean zooplankton showed significant reduction within the patches of macrophytes. From biodiversity conservation perspective, it was concluded that the preservation of such small areas of macrophytes covering the littoral zone of lakes could be as important as protecting the whole lake. However, the rapid degradation of wetland vegetation by human activities is a real threat to the lake ecosystem. In the not-too-far future, it could displace and evict riparian vegetation and the biota it supports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Gebrehiwot
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Haramaya University, P.O.Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Demeke Kifle
- Department of Zoological Science, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 80101, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ludwig Triest
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huang X, Zhao F, Song C, Gao Y, Geng Z, Zhuang P. Effects of stereoscopic artificial floating wetlands on nekton abundance and biomass in the Yangtze Estuary. Chemosphere 2017; 183:510-518. [PMID: 28570894 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Habitat degradation is one of the greatest existing threats to nekton biodiversity in estuarine and coastal habitats. Stereoscopic artificial floating wetlands (SAFWs) can provide new nekton habitats and have been widely used as conservation and management tools in freshwater and marine environments. In the current study, we constructed Phragmites australis SAFWs: the P. australis rhizomes were planted on the artificial floating beds, and palm slices were hung under the floating platforms to act as submerged plants. These SAFWs were anchored in the north channel of the Yangtze Estuary. To determine if SAFWs can serve as fish aggregation devices, fishes and crustaceans were sampled monthly using a bottom lift net during high-tide from July to October 2014. Our assessment was based on environmental parameters, nekton density, nekton species composition and the total length of the three most abundant fishes at the experimental and control sites. Nekton abundance was approximately three times greater in the SAFWs than that in the control habitats (108.2 ± 27.56 ind./m2 vs. 28.37 ± 15.88 ind./m2, respectively). There were no significant habitat-specific differences in the size distribution of the three most abundant fish species (Acanthogobius ommaturus, Odontamblyopus rubicundus and Eleutheronema tetradactylum) because most of the individuals sampled were juveniles. This study demonstrates that SAFWs can form stable environments for nekton and increase habitat available to juvenile fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214182, China.
| | - Feng Zhao
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Chao Song
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yu Gao
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- College of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ping Zhuang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214182, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Riley ME, Griffen BD. Habitat-specific differences alter traditional biogeographic patterns of life history in a climate-change induced range expansion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176263. [PMID: 28472189 PMCID: PMC5417444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Range shifts and expansions resulting from global climate change have the potential to create novel communities with unique plant-animal interactions. Organisms expanding their range into novel biotic and abiotic environments may encounter selection pressures that alter traditional biogeographic patterns of life history traits. Here, we used field surveys to examine latitudinal patterns of life history traits in a broadly distributed ectotherm (mangrove tree crab Aratus pisonii) that has recently experienced a climate change-induced range expansion into a novel habitat type. Additionally, we conducted laboratory and field experiments to investigate characteristics associated with these life history traits (e.g. fecundity, offspring quality, and potential selection pressures). We compared these characteristics in native mangrove habitats in which the species has historically dwelled and novel salt marsh habitats into which the species has recently expanded its range. Consistent with traditional biogeographic concepts (i.e. Bergmann’s clines), size at maturity and mean body size of reproductive females increased with latitude within the native habitat. However, they decreased significantly in novel habitats at the highest latitudes of the species’ range, which was consistent with habitat-specific differences in both biotic (predation) and abiotic (temperature) selection pressures. Although initial maternal investment (egg volume and weight) did not differ between habitats, fecundity was lower in novel habitats as a result of differences in size at reproduction. Offspring quality, as measured by larval starvation resistance, was likewise diminished in novel habitats relative to native habitats. These differences in offspring quality may have enduring consequences for species success and persistence in novel habitats. Life history characteristics such as those investigated here are fundamental organismal traits; consequently, understanding the potential impacts of climate change responses on latitudinal patterns of these traits is key to understanding climate change impacts on natural systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Riley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Blaine D. Griffen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
- School of the Earth, Ocean, and Environment, Marine Science Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Celewicz-Gołdyn S, Kuczyńska-Kippen N. Ecological value of macrophyte cover in creating habitat for microalgae (diatoms) and zooplankton (rotifers and crustaceans) in small field and forest water bodies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177317. [PMID: 28472138 PMCID: PMC5417703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their small area and shallow depth ponds are usually treated as a single sampling unit, while various microhabitats offer different environmental conditions. Thus, we tested the effect of different habitat types typically found within small ponds on the microalgae and zooplankton communities. We found that submerged macrophytes have the strongest impact on microalgae and zooplankton communities out of all the analysed habitats. Some epontic diatoms (e.g. Fragilaria dilatata, Cymbella affinis) and littoral-associated zooplankton species (e.g. Simocephalus vetulus, Lecane bulla) were significantly related to elodeids. However, pelagic species (e.g. bosminids) preferred less complex helophytes, which suggests that the most heterogeneous elodeid habitats were not an anti-predator shelter for cladocerans. Selection of different macrophyte types by taxonomically various organisms suggests that it is not only macrophyte cover that is desired for healthy aquatic environment but that a level of habitat mosaic is required to ensure the well-being of aquatic food webs. Species-specific preferences for different types of macrophytes indicate the high ecological value of macrophyte cover in ponds and a potential direction for the management of small water bodies towards maintaining a great variation of aquatic plants. Moreover, the type of surrounding landscape, reflecting human-induced disturbance (28 field ponds) and natural catchment (26 forest ponds), significantly influenced only zooplankton, while diatoms were affected indirectly through the level of conductivity. Nutrient overload (higher content of TRP) and increased conductivity in the field landscape contributed to a rise in microalgae (e.g. Amphora pediculus, Gomphonema parvulum) and zooplankton (e.g. Thermocyclops oithonoides, Eubosmina coregoni) abundance. An awareness of the responses of both components of plankton communities to environmental factors is necessary for maintaining the good state of small water bodies in various types of landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Celewicz-Gołdyn
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xiong J, Dai W, Zhu J, Liu K, Dong C, Qiu Q. The Underlying Ecological Processes of Gut Microbiota Among Cohabitating Retarded, Overgrown and Normal Shrimp. Microb Ecol 2017; 73:988-999. [PMID: 27966036 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-016-0910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence of tight links among the gut microbiota, obesity, and host health has emerged, but knowledge of the ecological processes that shape the variation in microbial assemblages across growth rates remains elusive. Moreover, inadequately control for differences in factors that profoundly affect the gut microbial community, hampers evaluation of the gut microbiota roles in regulating growth rates. To address this gap, we evaluated the composition and ecological processes of the gut bacterial community in cohabitating retarded, overgrown, and normal shrimps from identically managed ponds. Gut bacterial community structures were distinct (P = 0.0006) among the shrimp categories. Using a structural equation modeling (SEM), we found that changes in the gut bacterial community were positively related to digestive activities, which subsequently affected shrimp growth rate. This association was further supported by intensified interspecies interaction and enriched lineages with high nutrient intake efficiencies in overgrown shrimps. However, the less phylogenetic clustering of gut microbiota in overgrown and retarded subjects may offer empty niches for pathogens invasion, as evidenced by higher abundances of predicted functional pathways involved in disease infection. Given no differences in biotic and abiotic factors among the cohabitating shrimps, we speculated that the distinct gut community assembly could be attributed to random colonization in larval shrimp (e.g., priority effects) and that an altered microbiota could be a causative factor in overgrowth or retardation in shrimp. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide an integrated overview of the direct roles of gut microbiota in shaping shrimp growth rate and the underlying ecological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Xiong
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Wenfang Dai
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jinyong Zhu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Keshao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Chunming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State of Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361006, China
| | - Qiongfen Qiu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maazouzi C, Coureau C, Piscart C, Saplairoles M, Baran N, Marmonier P. Individual and joint toxicity of the herbicide S-metolachlor and a metabolite, deethylatrazine on aquatic crustaceans: Difference between ecological groups. Chemosphere 2016; 165:118-125. [PMID: 27643657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied the individual and joint acute toxicity of S-metolachlor (SMOC) and deethylatrazine (DEA - a metabolite of atrazine) on different non-target freshwater crustaceans. We used animals from different ecological groups: two amphipods from surface running water (Gammarus pulex and Gammarus cf. orinos), an isopod from surface stagnant water (Asellus aquaticus) and an amphipod living in groundwater (Niphargus rhenorhodanensis). Organisms were exposed to different levels of SMOC and DEA, alone or in binary mixture. Temperature effect on SMOC toxicity was assessed by exposing G. pulex and N. rhenorhodanensis to SMOC at 11 °C and 15 °C. Studying mortality as the biological endpoint, N. rhenorhodanensis was more resistant than surface water species towards SMOC and DEA. Among surface water species, G. pulex was the most sensitive while Gammarus cf. orinos and A. aquaticus showed similar responses to both compounds. Temperature increase did not change SMOC toxicity but modify the shape and steepness of the dose-response curve. We used a Model Deviation Ratio (MDR) approach to evaluate the predictability of Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) models to mixture toxicity. Results indicated either an additive or an antagonistic or a synergistic interaction depending on the concentrations combination and the test species. Our finding conclusively show the suitability of CA and IA in predicting mixture toxicities but results should be interpreted with caution according to ecological group of exposed species in risk assessment procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Maazouzi
- Université de Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE, CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - C Coureau
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, BP 6009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - C Piscart
- Université de Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE, CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Saplairoles
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, 3 rue Marie Curie, B.P. 49, 31527 Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France
| | - N Baran
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, BP 6009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - P Marmonier
- Université de Lyon, UMR5023 Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université Lyon 1, ENTPE, CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lillicrap A, Macken A, Wennberg AC, Grung M, Rundberget JT, Fredriksen L, Scheie AA, Benneche T, d'Auriac MA. Environmental fate and effects of novel quorum sensing inhibitors that can control biofilm formation. Chemosphere 2016; 164:52-58. [PMID: 27574814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The formation of bacterial biofilms can have negative impacts on industrial processes and are typically difficult to control. The increase of antibiotic resistance, in combination with the requirement for more environmentally focused approaches, has placed pressure on industry and the scientific community to reassess biofilm control strategies. The discovery of bacterial quorum sensing, as an important mechanism in biofilm formation, has led to the development of new substances (such as halogenated thiophenones) to inhibit the quorum sensing process. However, there are currently limited data regarding the biodegradability or ecotoxicity of these substances. To assess the environmental fate and effects of thiophenones capable of quorum sensing inhibition, candidate substances were first identified that have potentially high biodegradability and low ecotoxicity using quantitative structure activity relationships. Subsequent confirmatory hazard assessment of these substances, using a marine alga and a marine crustacean, indicated that these estimates were significantly under predicted with acute toxicity values more than three orders of magnitude lower than anticipated combined with limited biodegradability. Therefore, although these quorum sensing inhibitors appear a promising approach to control biofilms, they may also have environmental impacts on certain aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Lillicrap
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ailbhe Macken
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Merete Grung
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Lene Fredriksen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne Aamdal Scheie
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tore Benneche
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Uchida M, Hirano M, Ishibashi H, Kobayashi J, Kagami Y, Koyanagi A, Kusano T, Koga M, Arizono K. Transcriptional response of mysid crustacean, Americamysis bahia, is affected by subchronic exposure to nonylphenol. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 133:360-365. [PMID: 27497080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) has been classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. In this study, we conducted mysid DNA microarray analysis with which has 2240 oligo DNA probes to observe differential gene expressions in mysid crustacean (Americamysis bahia) exposed to 1, 3, 10 and 30 μg/l of NP for 14 days. As a result, we found 31, 27, 39 and 68 genes were differentially expressed in the respective concentrations. Among these genes, the expressions of five particular genes were regulated in a similar manner at all concentrations of the NP exposure. So, we focused on one gene encoding cuticle protein, and another encoding cuticular protein analogous to peritrophins 1-H precursor. These genes were down-regulated by NP exposure in a dose-dependent manner, and it suggested that they were related in a reduction of the number of molting in mysids. Thus, they might become useful molecular biomarker candidates to evaluate molting inhibition in mysids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Uchida
- Mizuki biotech, Co., Ltd., 1-1 Hyakunenkouen, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0864, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirano
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan; Department of Biological and Chemical Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kumamoto College, 2627 Hirayama-shinmachi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto 866-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishibashi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Jun Kobayashi
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kagami
- Mizuki biotech, Co., Ltd., 1-1 Hyakunenkouen, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0864, Japan
| | - Akiko Koyanagi
- Mizuki biotech, Co., Ltd., 1-1 Hyakunenkouen, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0864, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kusano
- Mizuki biotech, Co., Ltd., 1-1 Hyakunenkouen, Kurume, Fukuoka 839-0864, Japan
| | - Minoru Koga
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
| | - Koji Arizono
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Higashi-ku, Tsukide, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kudłak B, Wieczerzak M, Yotova G, Tsakovski S, Simeonov V, Namieśnik J. Environmental risk assessment of Polish wastewater treatment plant activity. Chemosphere 2016; 160:181-8. [PMID: 27376857 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an extremely important role in shaping modern society's environmental well-being and awareness, however only well operated and supervised systems can be considered as environmentally sustainable. For this reason, an attempt was undertaken to assess the environmental burden posed by WWTPs in major Polish cities by collecting water samples prior to and just after wastewater release points. Both classical and biological methods (Microtox(®), Ostracodtoxkit F™ and comet assay) were utilized to assess environmental impact of given WWTP. Interestingly, in some cases, water quality improvement indicated as a toxicity decrement toward one of the bio-indicating organisms makes water worse for others in the systems. This fact is particularly noticeable in case of Silesian cities where heavy industry and high population density is present. It proves that WWTP should undergo individual evaluation of pollutant removal efficiency and tuned to selectively remove pollutants of highest risk to surrounding regional ecosystems. Biotests again proved to be an extremely important tool to fully assess the impact of environmental stressors on water bodies receiving effluents from WWTPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Kudłak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Monika Wieczerzak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| | - Galina Yotova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Blvd, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Tsakovski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Blvd, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Vasil Simeonov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Blvd, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., Gdańsk 80-233, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Troiano AT, Grue CE. Plasma cholinesterase activity as a biomarker for quantifying exposure of green sturgeon to carbaryl following applications to control burrowing shrimp in Washington State. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016; 35:2003-15. [PMID: 26678014 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Willapa Bay (Washington State, USA) has been 1 of the rare intertidal locations where large-scale pesticide applications occur. Until recently, carbaryl was applied to control burrowing shrimp that decrease commercial oyster productivity. The bay is a critical habitat for green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris), an anadromous species listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act. However, the hazard that carbaryl poses is unknown. Surrogate seawater-acclimated white sturgeon (A. transmontanus) were exposed to 0 μg L(-1) , 30 μg L(-1) , 100 μg L(-1) , 300 μg L(-1) , 1000 μg L(-1) , and 3000 μg L(-1) carbaryl for 6 h, and brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities were measured. Enzyme recovery was measured in an additional cohort exposed to 1000 μg L(-1) carbaryl for 6 h. Activity of AChE was reduced (p ≤ 0.001) at concentrations ≥ 100 μg L(-1) with recovery in the 1000 μg L(-1) cohort by 72 h. Surprisingly, BChE activity was greater than controls at concentrations ≥ 300 μg L(-1) (p > 0.05), a finding confirmed in additional fish exposed to 3000 μg L(-1) for 6 h (+30%, p < 0.001) with apparent recovery by 48 h. Plasma samples were collected from free-living green sturgeon before and 4 d to 5 d after application of carbaryl in Willapa Bay. Activity of BChE after application was reduced 28% (p < 0.001), indicating exposure to the pesticide. However, the lack of congruence between BChE and AChE activity in captive white sturgeon exposed to carbaryl indicates that further studies are needed to better understand the risk carbaryl exposure poses to green sturgeon. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2003-2015. © 2015 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Troiano
- Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christian E Grue
- Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, US Geological Survey, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zamri Z, Arshad A, Amin SMN, Rahman MA, Al Khayat JA. Sex ratio, gonad development and fecundity of Miyakella nepa (Crustacea, Stomatopoda) of Pantai Remis coastal waters of Malaysia. J Environ Biol 2016; 37:677-683. [PMID: 28779726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The sex ratio, gonad development and fecundity of Miyakella nepa (Latreille, 1828), in the coastal waters of Pantai Remis, Perak, were investigated from February 2012 to January 2013. Sex identification was done by identifying stomatopod's genitalia organs, and the ovaries were dissected out and preserved for further analysis. Female stomatopods with mature or near spawning stages were used for fecundity estimation. A total of 951 specimens of M. nepa, with 565 females and 386 males were examined. Results showed a sex ratio of 1:1.46 (male:females). Maximum GSI was estimated to be 5.80, while lowest was 2.95. Sexual maturity for female M. nepa was observed at 100 mm total length. The mean fecundity of M. nepa was 425,657 (? 1,8701) eggs which was observed to increase with increased body length.
Collapse
|
34
|
Ribeiro LF, Eça GF, Barros F, Hatje V. Impacts of shrimp farming cultivation cycles on macrobenthic assemblages and chemistry of sediments. Environ Pollut 2016; 211:307-315. [PMID: 26774777 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a shrimp farm cultivation cycle in the composition of sediments and on the structure of macrobenthic assemblages. Concentrations of nutrients, Zn and Cu were significantly higher in impact than control areas. In general, the level of contaminants was highest during the harvesting period and in sites closest to the discharge of effluents. Abundances and number of taxa of benthic invertebrates were at least one order of magnitude smaller in impacted areas than in controls. The structure of the benthic assemblages was significantly different at these two treatments. The combined use of biological and chemical data showed to be efficient to provide precise answers regarding the extent of impacts caused by shrimp cultivation. The results provide the basis for a better understanding of impacts of this activity and can subsidize the development of better management practices for coastal areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa F Ribeiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Gilmara F Eça
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Barros
- Laboratório de Ecologia Bentônica (LEB), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Hatje
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Energia e Ambiente (CIENAM), Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wigh A, Devaux A, Brosselin V, Gonzalez-Ospina A, Domenjoud B, Aït-Aïssa S, Creusot N, Gosset A, Bazin C, Bony S. Proposal to optimize ecotoxicological evaluation of wastewater treated by conventional biological and ozonation processes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:3008-3017. [PMID: 26400245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A mixture of urban and hospital effluents (50% v/v) was evaluated for ecotoxicity with an advanced bioassay battery. Mixed effluents were tested before any treatment, after biological treatment alone, and after biological treatment followed by a tertiary ozonation (15 mg O3/L). Laying a high value on the continuance of organisms' fitness, essential to preserve a healthy receiving ecosystem, the main objective of this study was to combine normalized bioassays with newly developed in vivo and in vitro tests in order to assess alteration of embryo development, growth and reproduction, as well as genotoxic effects in aquatic organisms exposed to complex wastewater effluents. Comparison of the bioassays sensitivity was considered. Contrary to the lack of toxicity observed with normalized ecotoxicity tests, endpoints measured on zebrafish embryos such as developmental abnormalities and genotoxicity demonstrated a residual toxicity in wastewater both after a biological treatment followed or not by a tertiary O3 treatment. However, the ozonation step allowed to alleviate the residual endocrine disrupting potential measure in the biologically treated effluent. This study shows that normalized bioassays are not sensitive enough for the ecotoxicological evaluation of wastewaters and that there is a great need for the development of suitable sensitive bioassays in order to characterize properly the possible residual toxicity of treated effluents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Wigh
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, INRA, ENTPE, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex, France
| | - Alain Devaux
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, INRA, ENTPE, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex, France
| | - Vanessa Brosselin
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, INRA, ENTPE, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex, France
| | - Adriana Gonzalez-Ospina
- SUEZ Traitement de l'eau, Direction Technique Innovation, Degrémont SAS 183, avenue du 18 juin 1940, 92508, Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Bruno Domenjoud
- SUEZ Traitement de l'eau, Direction Technique Innovation, Degrémont SAS 183, avenue du 18 juin 1940, 92508, Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo (ECOT), BP2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Nicolas Creusot
- INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo (ECOT), BP2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Antoine Gosset
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, INRA, ENTPE, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex, France
| | - Christine Bazin
- PROVADEMSE, Boulevard Niels Bohr, CS 52132, 69603, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Bony
- UMR 5023 LEHNA, INRA, ENTPE, rue Maurice Audin, 69518, Vaulx-en-Velin Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gittman RK, Peterson CH, Currin CA, Fodrie FJ, Piehler MF, Bruno JF. Living shorelines can enhance the nursery role of threatened estuarine habitats. Ecol Appl 2016; 26:249-263. [PMID: 27039523 DOI: 10.1890/14-0716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems provide numerous services, such as nutrient cycling, climate change amelioration, and habitat provision for commercially valuable organisms. Ecosystem functions and processes are modified by human activities locally and globally, with degradation of coastal ecosystems by development and climate change occurring at unprecedented rates. The demand for coastal defense strategies against storms and sea-level rise has increased with human population growth and development along coastlines world-wide, even while that population growth has reduced natural buffering of shorelines. Shoreline hardening, a common coastal defense strategy that includes the use of seawalls and bulkheads (vertical walls constructed of concrete, wood, vinyl, or steel), is resulting in a "coastal squeeze" on estuarine habitats. In contrast to hardening, living shorelines, which range from vegetation plantings to a combination of hard structures and plantings, can be deployed to restore or enhance multiple ecosystem services normally delivered by naturally vegetated shores. Although hundreds of living shoreline projects have been implemented in the United States alone, few studies have evaluated their effectiveness in sustaining or enhancing ecosystem services relative to naturally vegetated shorelines and hardened shorelines. We quantified the effectiveness of (1) sills with landward marsh (a type of living shoreline that combines marsh plantings with an offshore low-profile breakwater), (2) natural salt marsh shorelines (control marshes), and (3) unvegetated bulkheaded shores in providing habitat for fish and crustaceans (nekton). Sills supported higher abundances and species diversity of fishes than unvegetated habitat adjacent to bulkheads, and even control marshes. Sills also supported higher cover of filter-feeding bivalves (a food resource and refuge habitat for nekton) than bulkheads or control marshes. These ecosystem-service enhancements were detected on shores with sills three or more years after construction, but not before. Sills provide added structure and may provide better refuges from predation and greater opportunity to use available food resources for nekton than unvegetated bulkheaded shores or control marshes. Our study shows that unlike shoreline hardening, living shorelines can enhance some ecosystem services provided by marshes, such as provision of nursery habitat.
Collapse
|
37
|
Chew LL, Chong VC, Wong RCS, Lehette P, Ng CC, Loh KH. Three decades of sea water abstraction by Kapar power plant (Malaysia): What impacts on tropical zooplankton community? Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 101:69-84. [PMID: 26581817 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Zooplankton samples collected before (1985-86) and after (2013-14) the establishment of Kapar power station (KPS) were examined to test the hypothesis that increased sea surface temperature (SST) and other water quality changes have altered the zooplankton community structure. Elevated SST and reduced pH were detected between before and after impact pairs, with the greatest impact at the station closest to KPS. Present PAHs and heavy metal concentrations are unlikely causal factors. Water parameter changes did not affect diversity but community structure of the zooplankton. Tolerant small crustaceans, salps and larvaceans likely benefited from elevated temperature, reduced pH and shift to a more significant microbial loop exacerbated by eutrophication, while large crustaceans were more vulnerable to such changes. It is predicted that any further rise in SST will remove more large-bodied crustacean zooplankton, the preferred food for fish larvae and other meroplankton, with grave consequences to fishery production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L L Chew
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - V C Chong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - R C S Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P Lehette
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C C Ng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K H Loh
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hang DR, You BR, Huang YX, Mei QF, Jing SB. [Preliminary study of toxicity of niclosamide ethanolamine salt on wetland creatures along lower reaches of Yangtze River in Nanjing City]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2015; 27:467-509. [PMID: 26930929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the impact of niclosamide ethanolamine salt on the Yangtze River wetland creatures, so as to provide an evidence for the environmental impact assessment of the Oncomelania hupensis control measures. METHODS Eriocheir sinensis, Procambarus clarkii, freshwater mysis and Bellamya aeruginosa were chosen as the test organisms from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Nanjing City, and they were immersed in the different concentrations of niclosamide ethanolamine salt solution for 24-96 h. The mortality rates and LC50 values were calculated. RESULTS There was only 1 death (with a mortality rate of 8.33%) of P. clarkia immersed in niclosamide ethanolamine salt with the concentration of 400 mg/L for 96 h. There was no death of the E. sinensis immersed in niclosamide ethanolamine salt with the concentration of 640 mg/L for 96 h. The LC50 values were 2.170 4, 1.303 6, 1.013 1 mg/L and 0.720 5 mg/L respectively when the freshwater mysis were immersed in the solution for 24, 48, 72 h and 96 h. The LC50 values were 1.173 5, 0.642 1, 0.477 3 mg/L respectively when the B. aeruginosa were immersed in the solution for 24, 48, 72, 96 h. CONCLUSIONS The impacts of niclosamide ethanolamine salt on the different wetland creatures are different. E. sinensis and P. clarkii have high resistance to niclosamide ethanolamine salt. However, niclosamide ethanolamine salt shows heavy toxicity on the freshwater mysis and Bellamya aeruginosa.
Collapse
|
39
|
Wangka-Orm C, Deeseenthum S, Leelavatcharamas V. Low cost medium for spore production of Bacillus KKU02 and KKU03 and the effects of the produced spores on growth of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man). Pak J Biol Sci 2015; 17:1015-22. [PMID: 26031020 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2014.1015.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to extend the shelf life of 2 high potential Bacillus probiotic isolates which were Bacillus KKU02 and Bacillus KKU03, the spore forms of these 2 Bacillus isolates were studied for using as probiotic instead. The low cost medium for spore production of these 2 Bacillus isolates was examined in order to produce probiotic spores for feeding the shrimps. It was found that cassava at 100 g L(-1) and supplemented with 20.0 g L(-1) dextrose, 0.1 g L(-1) MgSO4 and 2.0 g L(-1) (NH4)2SO4 showed the highest spore concentration at about 1 x 10(8) CFU mL(-1). The effects of feeding these 2 Bacillus spores on the growth of giant freshwater prawns were further examined. The spores of Bacillus KKU02 and Bacillus KKU03 (-10(7) spore mL(-1)) in pure and mixed culture forms were mixed with commercial prawn feed (200 mL kg(-1)) to give six feed treatments. Body length and weight of the prawns in mixed spore culture tanks after rearing for 90 days (13.5 cm and 59.8 g, respectively) were significantly higher (p = 0.05) than other treatments. The treated prawns were further challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila for 7 days. The percentages of survival after the challenge in the prawns fed with the mixed spores (46.8%) were also found significantly higher (p = 0.05) than others groups, except the mixed live cell treatment (60%). These results indicated that the spores of Bacillus KKU02 and Bacillus KKU03 had a high potential for using as commercial probiotics.
Collapse
|
40
|
Olesen J, Boesgaard T, Iliffe TM. The Unique Dorsal Brood Pouch of Thermosbaenacea (Crustacea, Malacostraca) and Description of an Advanced Developmental Stage of Tulumella unidens from the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico), with a Discussion of Mouth Part Homologies to Other Malacostraca. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122463. [PMID: 25901753 PMCID: PMC4406550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Thermosbaenacea, a small taxon of crustaceans inhabiting subterranean waters, are unique among malacostracans as they brood their offspring dorsally under the carapace. This habit is of evolutionary interest but the last detailed report on thermosbaenacean development is more than 40 years old. Here we provide new observations on an ovigerous female of Tulumella unidens with advanced developmental stages in its brood chamber collected from an anchialine cave at the Yucatan Peninsula, which is only the third report on developmental stages of Thermosbaenacea and the first for the genus Tulumella. Significant in a wider crustacean context, we report and discuss hitherto unexplored lobate structures inside the brood chamber of the female originating at the first (maxilliped) and second thoracic segments, which are most likely modified epipods, perhaps serving as gills. At the posterior margin of carapace of the female are rows of large spines preventing the developing stages from falling out. The external morphology of the advanced developmental stages is described in much detail, providing information on e.g., carapace formation and early limb morphology. Among the hitherto unknown structures in the advanced developmental stages provided by this study are the presence of an embryonic dorsal organ and rudimentary 'naupliar processes' of the second antennae. Since most hypotheses on crustacean (and malacostracan and peracaridan) relationship rest on external limb morphology, we use early limb bud morphology of Tulumella to better establish thermosbaenacean limb homologies to those of other crustaceans, which is a necessary basis for future morphology based phylogenetic considerations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen Olesen
- Natural History Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Tom Boesgaard
- Natural History Museum, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas M. Iliffe
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, 77553–1675, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
deVries MS, del Rio CM, Tunstall TS, Dawson TE. Isotopic incorporation rates and discrimination factors in mantis shrimp crustaceans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122334. [PMID: 25835953 PMCID: PMC4383329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable isotope analysis has provided insights into the trophic ecology of a wide diversity of animals. Knowledge about isotopic incorporation rates and isotopic discrimination between the consumer and its diet for different tissue types is essential for interpreting stable isotope data, but these parameters remain understudied in many animal taxa and particularly in aquatic invertebrates. We performed a 292-day diet shift experiment on 92 individuals of the predatory mantis shrimp, Neogonodactylus bredini, to quantify carbon and nitrogen incorporation rates and isotope discrimination factors in muscle and hemolymph tissues. Average isotopic discrimination factors between mantis shrimp muscle and the new diet were 3.0 ± 0.6 ‰ and 0.9 ± 0.3 ‰ for carbon and nitrogen, respectively, which is contrary to what is seen in many other animals (e.g. C and N discrimination is generally 0–1 ‰ and 3–4 ‰, respectively). Surprisingly, the average residence time of nitrogen in hemolymph (28.9 ± 8.3 days) was over 8 times longer than that of carbon (3.4 ± 1.4 days). In muscle, the average residence times of carbon and nitrogen were of the same magnitude (89.3 ± 44.4 and 72.8 ± 18.8 days, respectively). We compared the mantis shrimps’ incorporation rates, along with rates from four other invertebrate taxa from the literature, to those predicted by an allometric equation relating carbon incorporation rate to body mass that was developed for teleost fishes and sharks. The rate of carbon incorporation into muscle was consistent with rates predicted by this equation. Our findings provide new insight into isotopic discrimination factors and incorporation rates in invertebrates with the former showing a different trend than what is commonly observed in other animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya S. deVries
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Carlos Martínez del Rio
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Tate S. Tunstall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Todd E. Dawson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Irizuki T, Ito H, Sako M, Yoshioka K, Kawano S, Nomura R, Tanaka Y. Anthropogenic impacts on meiobenthic Ostracoda (Crustacea) in the moderately polluted Kasado Bay, Seto Inland Sea, Japan, over the past 70 years. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 91:149-159. [PMID: 25537748 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two sediment cores were obtained from Kasado Bay, a moderate-polluted enclosed bay in Japan, to examine anthropogenic impacts on Ostracoda over the past ca. 70 years. We analyzed ostracode abundance and diversity, grain size, and CHN, and used (210)Pb and (137)Cs as the dating method. The present study showed that cross-plot comparisons of ostracode abundance and each environmental factor, based on sediment core data, could be used to identify ostracode species as indicators for anthropogenic influences. Ostracode abundance reflected mainly the changes that had occurred in total organic carbon content in sediments related to eutrophication, but heavy metal concentration did not directly influence several ostracode abundance in the bay. Environmental deterioration because of eutrophication started in the 1960s. The regulations regarding the chemical oxygen demand in waters introduced in the 1980s probably influence ostracode abundance for certain species in this period. Currently, Kasado Bay is not experiencing severe degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Irizuki
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
| | - Hisayo Ito
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Megumi Sako
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yoshioka
- Department of Geoscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Shigenori Kawano
- Tochigi Prefectural Museum, 2-2 Mutsumi-cho, Utsunomiya 320-0865, Japan
| | - Ritsuo Nomura
- Faculty of Education, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tanaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kasamesiri P, Thaimuangphol W. THE BENTHIC COMMUNITIES COMPARISON BETWEEN ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL RICE FIELDS. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2015; 80:367-374. [PMID: 27141733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rice fields are temporary wetlands prone to contamination from agricultural chemicals which affect their ecotoxicology and benthic community composition. The diversity of benthic fauna in both organic and conventional rice fields in Kalasin Province, Thailand was investigated. Benthos samples were collected by grab sampling from 20 stations in organic and conventional rice fields during one successive crop in August 2014. The number of benthic organisms found at each sampling station ranged from 16-518 and 24-137 individuals for organic and conventional rice fields, respectively. The benthic fauna in organic rice fields were dominated by crustaceans 41%, insects 31%, annelids 26%, and gastropods 2%. The conventional rice fields benthic fauna was composed of insects 51%, annelids 41%, and gastropods 8%. The abundance and composition of the benthic fauna demonstrated that organic rice farming practices are beneficial to sustaining the biodiversity in rice field ecosystems.
Collapse
|
44
|
DeLorenzo ME, Key PB, Chung KW, Sapozhnikova Y, Fulton MH. Comparative toxicity of pyrethroid insecticides to two estuarine crustacean species, Americamysis bahia and Palaemonetes pugio. Environ Toxicol 2014; 29:1099-1106. [PMID: 23364944 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides are widely used on agricultural crops, as well as for nurseries, golf courses, urban structural and landscaping sites, residential home and garden pest control, and mosquito abatement. Evaluation of sensitive marine and estuarine species is essential for the development of toxicity testing and risk-assessment protocols. Two estuarine crustacean species, Americamysis bahia (mysids) and Palaemonetes pugio (grass shrimp), were tested with the commonly used pyrethroid compounds, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and phenothrin. Sensitivities of adult and larval grass shrimp and 7-day-old mysids were compared using standard 96-h LC50 bioassay protocols. Adult and larval grass shrimp were more sensitive than the mysids to all the pyrethroids tested. Larval grass shrimp were approximately 18-fold more sensitive to lambda-cyhalothrin than the mysids. Larval grass shrimp were similar in sensitivity to adult grass shrimp for cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and phenothrin, but larvae were approximately twice as sensitive to lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin as adult shrimp. Acute toxicity to estuarine crustaceans occurred at low nanogram per liter concentrations of some pyrethroids, illustrating the need for careful regulation of the use of pyrethroid compounds in the coastal zone.
Collapse
|
45
|
Wei J, Zhang X, Yu Y, Huang H, Li F, Xiang J. Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the early development in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106201. [PMID: 25197823 PMCID: PMC4157780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Penaeid shrimp has a distinctive metamorphosis stage during early development. Although morphological and biochemical studies about this ontogeny have been developed for decades, researches on gene expression level are still scarce. In this study, we have investigated the transcriptomes of five continuous developmental stages in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with high throughput Illumina sequencing technology. The reads were assembled and clustered into 66,815 unigenes, of which 32,398 have putative homologues in nr database, 14,981 have been classified into diverse functional categories by Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and 26,257 have been associated with 255 pathways by KEGG pathway mapping. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between adjacent developmental stages were identified and gene expression patterns were clustered. By GO term enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and functional gene profiling, the physiological changes during shrimp metamorphosis could be better understood, especially histogenesis, diet transition, muscle development and exoskeleton reconstruction. In conclusion, this is the first study that characterized the integrated transcriptomic profiles during early development of penaeid shrimp, and these findings will serve as significant references for shrimp developmental biology and aquaculture research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Hainan Guandtop Ocean Breeding Co. Ltd, Haikou, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Illyová M, Matečný I. Ecological validity of river-floodplain system assessment by planktonic crustacean survey (Branchiata: Branchiopoda). Environ Monit Assess 2014; 186:4195-4208. [PMID: 24633825 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-3690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the Slovakian Danube have indicated profound changes in the structures of several invertebrate assemblages in the section of the river bypassed by the Gabčíkovo hydroelectric project in 1992 and in adjacent floodplain water bodies. The present study investigates the relationship between hydrological connectivity and species diversity in the old main channel and adjacent left-bank water bodies, using resident cladocerans as indicators of the ecological integrity of the river-floodplain system. The work aimed to quantify cladoceran habitat preferences using habitat values (HV) and indication weights (IW) calculated from data accumulated during long-term monitoring of planktonic communities of the Danube floodplain (1,840.5-1,804 rkm) and supplemented with data from the literature. Although not listed as an indicator group in the European Union Water Framework Directive, cladocerans are shown to be highly apposite in the ecological assessment of river-floodplain systems. Of 71 recorded cladoceran species, 19 taxa showed a preference for eupotamal habitats, 24 species preferred eupotamal B/parapotamal waters, and 28 cladocerans were found to prefer the plesiopotamal/paleopotamal habitat type. Identified habitat types follow a gradient of hydrological connectivity with the main river channel, ranging from the eupotamal to more or less isolated floodplain water bodies. A secondary aim was to use the calculated values to assess the ecological integrity of the river-floodplain system. The key element of this procedure is the calculation of the Floodplain Index (FI) (Chovanec et al. Large Rivers, 15(1-4), 169-185 2005) from the summation of the habitat values and indication weights of all species present at the sampling sites. Calculated index values indicate the extent of disruption to lateral connectivity in the floodplain area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Illyová
- Institute of Zoology, Section of Animal Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia,
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Stark JS, Kim SL, Oliver JS. Anthropogenic disturbance and biodiversity of marine benthic communities in Antarctica: a regional comparison. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98802. [PMID: 24919053 PMCID: PMC4053418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The impacts of two Antarctic stations in different regions, on marine sediment macrofaunal communities were compared: McMurdo, a very large station in the Ross Sea; and Casey, a more typical small station in East Antarctica. Community structure and diversity were compared along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance from heavily contaminated to uncontaminated locations. We examined some of the inherent problems in comparing data from unrelated studies, such as different sampling methods, spatial and temporal scales of sampling and taxonomic uncertainty. These issues generated specific biases which were taken into account when interpreting patterns. Control sites in the two regions had very different communities but both were dominated by crustaceans. Community responses to anthropogenic disturbance (sediment contamination by metals, oils and sewage) were also different. At McMurdo the proportion of crustaceans decreased in disturbed areas and polychaetes became dominant, whereas at Casey, crustaceans increased in response to disturbance, largely through an increase in amphipods. Despite differing overall community responses there were some common elements. Ostracods, cumaceans and echinoderms were sensitive to disturbance in both regions. Capitellid, dorvelleid and orbiniid polychaetes were indicative of disturbed sites. Amphipods, isopods and tanaids had different responses at each station. Biodiversity and taxonomic distinctness were significantly lower at disturbed locations in both regions. The size of the impact, however, was not related to the level of contamination, with a larger reduction in biodiversity at Casey, the smaller, less polluted station. The impacts of small stations, with low to moderate levels of contamination, can thus be as great as those of large or heavily contaminated stations. Regional broad scale environmental influences may be important in determining the composition of communities and thus their response to disturbance, but there are some generalizations regarding responses which will aid future management of stations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S. Stark
- Terrestrial and Nearshore Ecosystems Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Stacy L. Kim
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
| | - John S. Oliver
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Geiselbrecht H, Melzer RR. Fine structure and ecdysis of mandibular sensilla associated with the lacinia mobilis in Neomysis integer (Leach, 1814) (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Peracarida). Arthropod Struct Dev 2014; 43:221-230. [PMID: 24508944 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The external and internal structures of adult Neomysis integer mandibles were studied using light and electron microscopy with special reference to the lacinia mobilis, a highly specialized appendage on the gnathal edge of many crustaceans. The right and left lacinia mobilis are equipped with ciliary primary sensory cells revealing that both laciniae are also mechanosensory organs in addition to their mechanical function during mastication. A detailed character analyses indicated that the right lacinia is probably a highly derived sensory seta, whereas two alternative interpretations are considered for the left lacinia; it could be a sensillar appendage equipped with two mechanosensory units, or it could be a movable appendage of the incisor process containing two sensilla deprived of external appendages. The ecdysis of the lacinia mobilis corresponds very well to type I sensillar ecdysis, suggesting classification as a sensillar appendage. These features support a possible homology of the right lacinia mobilis in Peracarida and Decapoda, tracing them to an origin as a member of the setal row. Whether the left lacinia mobilis is a sensillum or an appendage with sensilla cannot be resolved presently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Geiselbrecht
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstraße 21, 81247 München, Germany; Department Biologie II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Roland R Melzer
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstraße 21, 81247 München, Germany; Department Biologie II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; GeoBioCenter(LMU), Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Stockdale A, Tipping E, Lofts S, Fott J, Garmo OA, Hruska J, Keller B, Löfgren S, Maberly SC, Majer V, Nierzwicki-Bauer SA, Persson G, Schartau AK, Thackeray SJ, Valois A, Vrba J, Walseng B, Yan N. Metal and proton toxicity to lake zooplankton: a chemical speciation based modelling approach. Environ Pollut 2014; 186:115-125. [PMID: 24370669 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The WHAM-FTOX model quantifies the combined toxic effects of protons and metal cations towards aquatic organisms through the toxicity function (FTOX), a linear combination of the products of organism-bound cation and a toxic potency coefficient for each cation. We describe the application of the model to predict an observable ecological field variable, species richness of pelagic lake crustacean zooplankton, studied with respect to either acidification or the impacts of metals from smelters. The fitted results give toxic potencies increasing in the order H(+) < Al < Cu < Zn < Ni. In general, observed species richness is lower than predicted, but in some instances agreement is close, and is rarely higher than predictions. The model predicts recovery in agreement with observations for three regions, namely Sudbury (Canada), Bohemian Forest (Czech Republic) and a subset of lakes across Norway, but fails to predict observed recovery from acidification in Adirondack lakes (USA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Stockdale
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Edward Tipping
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Stephen Lofts
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Jan Fott
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Oyvind A Garmo
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Sandvikaveien 59, N-2312 Ottestad, Norway
| | - Jakub Hruska
- Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, 118 21 Prague 1, Czech Republic; Global Change Research Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bill Keller
- Cooperative Freshwater Ecology Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 5P9, Canada
| | - Stefan Löfgren
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stephen C Maberly
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Vladimir Majer
- Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, 118 21 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra A Nierzwicki-Bauer
- Darrin Fresh Water Institute and Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Gunnar Persson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Kristin Schartau
- Norwegian Institute of Nature Research (NINA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephen J Thackeray
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Amanda Valois
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jaroslav Vrba
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre AS CR, Na Sádkách 7, CZ-37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bjørn Walseng
- Norwegian Institute of Nature Research (NINA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Norman Yan
- York University, Department of Biology, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
D'Ambrosio M, Marques SC, Azeiteiro UM, Pardal MA, Pereira E, Duarte AC, Cardoso PG. Mercury bioaccumulation and the population dynamics of Mesopodopsis slabberi (Crustacea: Mysidacea) along a mercury contamination gradient. Ecotoxicology 2013; 22:1278-1288. [PMID: 23982276 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-013-1115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mercury bioaccumulation and population dynamics of the mysid Mesopodopsis slabberi was assessed along a mercury gradient in Ria de Aveiro (Portugal). M. slabberi is one of the most important mysid species in European temperate coastal shallow waters playing a key ecological role. Nevertheless, no references were found concerning the possible consequences of the Hg on the trophodynamics of these coastal ecosystems. M. slabberi showed a clear bioaccumulation along the Hg gradient and through life, with mature females reaching the highest concentrations. In terms of population structure, higher densities and biomasses of M. slabberi were assessed in the most contaminated areas contrarily to the least polluted areas. Despite the mercury accumulation in its tissues no strong negative effects on the structure and population dynamics of the species were observed. However, mysids might be important in the transfer of metals from the sediments and zooplankton to higher trophic levels such as fishes, most of them with commercial interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D'Ambrosio
- Institute of Marine Research (IMAR), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-517, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|