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Trebes H, Wang Y, Reynolds E, Tiplady K, Harland C, Lopdell T, Johnson T, Davis S, Harris B, Spelman R, Couldrey C. Identification of candidate novel production variants on the Bos taurus chromosome X. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7799-7815. [PMID: 37562645 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome X is often excluded from bovine genetic studies due to complications caused by the sex specific nature of the chromosome. As chromosome X is the second largest cattle chromosome and makes up approximately 6% of the female genome, finding ways to include chromosome X in dairy genetic studies is important. Using female animals and treating chromosome X as an autosome, we performed X chromosome inclusive genome-wide association studies in the selective breeding environment of the New Zealand dairy industry, aiming to identify chromosome X variants associated with milk production traits. We report on the findings of these genome-wide association studies and their potential effect within the dairy industry. We identify missense mutations in the MOSPD1 and CCDC160 genes that are associated with decreased milk volume and protein production and increased fat production. Both of these mutations are exonic SNP that are more prevalent in the Jersey breed than in Holstein-Friesians. Of the 2 candidates proposed it is likely that only one is causal, though we have not been able to identify which is more likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Trebes
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
| | - Y Wang
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - E Reynolds
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - K Tiplady
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - C Harland
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - T Lopdell
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - T Johnson
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - S Davis
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - B Harris
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - R Spelman
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - C Couldrey
- Research and Development, Livestock Improvement Corporation, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
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2
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Yeh J, Harris B, Tacey M, Lau E, Lapuz C, Mathieu D, Fong SC, Foroudi F, Ng SP, Sim J, Pignol JP, Chao MWT. Non-Animal Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid (NASHA) Gel Marker vs. Surgical Clips for Tumor Bed Delineation in Breast Cancer Using MR-Simulation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e215. [PMID: 37784886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Consistent delineation of the tumor bed (TB) after breast conserving surgery (BCS) is critical and remains a challenge with increasing prevalence of oncoplastic surgeries. Clips are generally used to help TB identification on CT-simulation but they are not well identified on MR-simulation. The aim of this study is to assess whether the use of NASHA gel with MR-simulation yields similar interobserver variability (inter-OV) compared to clips with CT-simulation. MATERIALS/METHODS This prospective single arm feasibility study included patients eligible for BCS. After lumpectomy, the surgeon placed both clips (>5) and NASHA gel drops as markers to define the TB. Patients underwent CT and MRI simulation scans. Five radiation oncologists and one radiologist delineated the TB aided by clips on CT, and gel on MRI. The observers also assessed the visibility and utility of the gel (scale from 1 to 10), as well as the cavity visualization score (CVS, scale from 1 to 5). The primary endpoint was the inter-OV of the delineated TB using the overlap difference of contours using clips and CT versus gel and MRI, with the conformity index measured according to the pair definition of the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). RESULTS Of the 35 patients recruited, 30 were eligible for inter-OV analysis of TB delineation and 5 patients required further breast surgery for positive margins. One third of the eligible patients underwent an oncoplastic procedure. There were no significant differences between inter-OV of delineated TB using clips and CT versus gel and T2-weighted MRI with the mean DSC (0.60 vs 0.62, p = 0.364). The observers reported higher usefulness of gel in patients with an oncoplastic procedure than not (median US 8.2 vs 6.6, p = 0.024), and higher visibility of gel in patients who had their scans within 6 weeks than beyond post-op (median VS 8.1 vs 6.1, p = 0.013). When the CVS was higher (3-5), the median US of gel was lower (5.9 vs 7.8, p = 0.004), and the conformity index of clip and CT delineated TB was higher (median DSC 0.72 vs 0.53, p <0.001). Interestingly, a higher CVS did not lead to significantly higher conformity index of gel and T2-weighted MR delineated TB (mean DSC 0.67 vs 0.58, p = 0.073). NASHA gel injection added a median of 3 minutes to the operating theatre (OT) time and was rated as 'easy' in 89% of cases by surgeons. There were no immediate adverse events (AE) in OT, while 2 of 35 patients later experienced a grade 3 AE - hematoma which required evacuation in OT day 1 post-BCS, and infected seroma which required drainage and washout in OT 2 months post-BCS and axillary dissection. These reflect common risks with standard BCS and are not clearly attributed to gel injection alone. CONCLUSION Use of NASHA gel leads to similar inter-OV of BC TB delineation compared to >5 clips. NASHA gel is hence a reliable alternative to clips when MR-simulation is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yeh
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B Harris
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M Tacey
- Northern Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Lau
- Radiology and Molecular Imaging Therapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - C Lapuz
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Mathieu
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S C Fong
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - F Foroudi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S P Ng
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J Sim
- Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J P Pignol
- Accuray, Morges, Switzerland; Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - M W T Chao
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Genesis Care, Ringwood East, VIC, Australia
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Bhatnagar A, Collins B, Collins SP, Jean W, Aulisi E, Harris B, Nayar V, Anaizi A, Watson J, Carrasquilla M, Suy S, Conroy D. Marginless 5-Fraction Robotic Radiosurgery for Unfavorable Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenoma: 5-year Outcomes from a Single Institution Protocol. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e165. [PMID: 37784765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Nonfunctioning macroadenoma is a commonly diagnosed pituitary tumor. Resection is the favored treatment, with radiosurgery often utilized for residual or progressing disease. Long-term outcomes are established for single-session radiosurgery, but mature outcomes are lacking for multisession radiosurgery. We report our institution's 5-year efficacy and safety results for unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma patients treated with marginless 5-fraction robotic radiosurgery. MATERIALS/METHODS Between 2010-2020, patients who completed marginless 5-fraction radiosurgery for the treatment of unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas were included. A tumor was considered unfavorable if the gross tumor volume (GTV) was larger than 5 cc or if it closely approached a critical structure (optic apparatus, brainstem or pituitary gland). Local control was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier Method. RESULTS Twenty predominately female patients (60%), age from 21-77 (median: 53 years) were included in this study. All underwent primary resection. Indications for radiosurgery included unresectable recurrence (85%) and residual disease progression (70%). Median tumor volume was 3.4 cm3 (range: 0.3-20.8 cm3) and 40% of the tumors were suprasellar. A mean dose of 28.8 Gy (range: 25 Gy-30 Gy), was delivered to a median isodose line of 80% (range: 75%-89%). The median optic chiasm maximum point dose was 21.8 Gy (range: 12.0-25.9 Gy). Toxicity was minimal with 12 patients (40%) developing acute short-lived headaches and 1 patient (5%) developing a brief ipsilateral 6th nerve palsy. There was no radiation induced optic or pituitary dysfunction identified in this cohort. At a median follow up of 5 years local control was 95%. There was 1 in-field failure pathologically confirmed following surgery for pituitary tumor hemorrhage and 2 radiographically confirmed out-of-field failures in patients with large tumors (>20 cc). CONCLUSION The treatment of unfavorable nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma with marginless 5-fraction robotic radiosurgery provides excellent local control to date, with minimal toxicity. However, tumors with GTV's greater than 20 cc may require conventionally fractionated treatment with a margin to optimize local control.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhatnagar
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - S P Collins
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - W Jean
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, Leigh County, PA
| | - E Aulisi
- Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - B Harris
- Department of Pathology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - V Nayar
- Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - A Anaizi
- Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - J Watson
- Department of Neurosurgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - M Carrasquilla
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - S Suy
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - D Conroy
- Department of Radiation Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
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Chung HC, Foxx CL, Hicks JA, Stuber TP, Friedberg I, Dorman KS, Harris B. An accurate and interpretable model for antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli from livestock and companion animal species. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290473. [PMID: 37616210 PMCID: PMC10449230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the microbial genomic contributors to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is essential for early detection of emerging AMR infections, a pressing global health threat in human and veterinary medicine. Here we used whole genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility test data from 980 disease causing Escherichia coli isolated from companion and farm animals to model AMR genotypes and phenotypes for 24 antibiotics. We determined the strength of genotype-to-phenotype relationships for 197 AMR genes with elastic net logistic regression. Model predictors were designed to evaluate different potential modes of AMR genotype translation into resistance phenotypes. Our results show a model that considers the presence of individual AMR genes and total number of AMR genes present from a set of genes known to confer resistance was able to accurately predict isolate resistance on average (mean F1 score = 98.0%, SD = 2.3%, mean accuracy = 98.2%, SD = 2.7%). However, fitted models sometimes varied for antibiotics in the same class and for the same antibiotic across animal hosts, suggesting heterogeneity in the genetic determinants of AMR resistance. We conclude that an interpretable AMR prediction model can be used to accurately predict resistance phenotypes across multiple host species and reveal testable hypotheses about how the mechanism of resistance may vary across antibiotics within the same class and across animal hosts for the same antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri C. Chung
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Christine L. Foxx
- Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | - Jessica A. Hicks
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Tod P. Stuber
- National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Iddo Friedberg
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Karin S. Dorman
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Beth Harris
- National Animal Health Laboratory Network, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States of America
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5
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Srednik ME, Perea CA, Giacoboni GI, Hicks JA, Foxx CL, Harris B, Schlater LK. Genomic Features of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs with Pyoderma in Argentina and the United States: A Comparative Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11361. [PMID: 37511121 PMCID: PMC10379401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the most common opportunistic pathogen in dogs and methicillin resistance (MRSP) has been identified as an emerging problem in canine pyoderma. Here, we evaluated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) features and phylogeny of S. pseudintermedius isolated from canine pyoderma cases in Argentina (n = 29) and the United States (n = 29). 62% of isolates showed multi-drug resistance. The AMR genes found: mecA, blaZ, ermB, dfrG, catA, tetM, aac(6')-aph(2″), in addition to tetK and lnuA (only found in U.S. isolates). Two point mutations were detected: grlA(S80I)-gyrA(S84L), and grlA(D84N)-gyrA(S84L) in one U.S. isolate. A mutation in rpoB (H481N) was found in two isolates from Argentina. SCCmec type III, SCCmec type V, ΨSCCmec57395 were identified in the Argentinian isolates; and SCCmec type III, SCCmec type IVg, SCCmec type V, and SCCmec type VII variant in the U.S. cohort. Sequence type (ST) ST71 belonging to a dominant clone was found in isolates from both countries, and ST45 only in Argentinian isolates. This is the first study to comparatively analyze the population structure of canine pyoderma-associated S. pseudintermedius isolates in Argentina and in the U.S. It is important to maintain surveillance on S. pseudintermedius populations to monitor AMR and gain further understanding of its evolution and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela E Srednik
- Postdoctoral Research Participation Program, Office of Research in Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Diagnostic Bacteriology and Pathology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Claudia A Perea
- Postdoctoral Research Participation Program, Office of Research in Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Diagnostic Bacteriology and Pathology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Gabriela I Giacoboni
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1427, Argentina
| | - Jessica A Hicks
- Diagnostic Bacteriology and Pathology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Christine L Foxx
- Postdoctoral Research Participation Program, Office of Research in Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Transboundary Disease Analytics, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Beth Harris
- National Animal Health Laboratory Network, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Linda K Schlater
- Diagnostic Bacteriology and Pathology Laboratory, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
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6
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Ruzante JM, Harris B, Plummer P, Raineri RR, Loy JD, Jacob M, Sahin O, Kreuder AJ. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine in the United States: Current efforts, challenges, and opportunities. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1068406. [PMID: 36605768 PMCID: PMC9807758 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1068406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem facing human, animal, plant, and environmental health by threatening our ability to effectively treat bacterial infections with antimicrobials. In the United States, robust surveillance efforts exist to collect, analyze, and disseminate AMR data in human health care settings. These tools enable the development of effective infection control methods, the detection of trends, and provide the evidence needed to guide stewardship efforts to reduce the potential for emergence and further spread of AMR. However, in veterinary medicine, there are currently no known equivalent tools. This paper reviews efforts in the United States related to surveillance of AMR in veterinary medicine and discusses the challenges and opportunities of using data from veterinary diagnostic laboratories to build a comprehensive AMR surveillance program that will support stewardship efforts and help control AMR in both humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. Ruzante
- Center for Environmental Health Risk and Sustainability, RTI International, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Beth Harris
- National Animal Health Laboratory Network, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Paul Plummer
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States,National Institute of Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Education, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Raissa R. Raineri
- National Institute of Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Education, Ames, IA, United States,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - John Dustin Loy
- Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Megan Jacob
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Orhan Sahin
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States,National Institute of Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Education, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Amanda J. Kreuder
- National Institute of Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Education, Ames, IA, United States,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States,*Correspondence: Amanda J. Kreuder
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7
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Greene J, Wang Z, Harris B, Dodwell D, Lord S. The impact of body mass index on clinical outcomes for patients receiving systemic anti-cancer therapies for advanced renal cell carcinoma. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)02556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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8
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Harrison L, Tyson GH, Strain E, Lindsey RL, Strockbine N, Ceric O, Fortenberry GZ, Harris B, Shaw S, Tillman G, Zhao S, Dessai U. Use of Large-Scale Genomics to Identify the Role of Animals and Foods as Potential Sources of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli That Cause Human Illness. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131975. [PMID: 35804790 PMCID: PMC9265580 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) cause urinary tract and potentially life-threatening invasive infections. Unfortunately, the origins of ExPEC are not always clear. We used genomic data of E. coli isolates from five U.S. government organizations to evaluate potential sources of ExPEC infections. Virulence gene analysis of 38,032 isolates from human, food animal, retail meat, and companion animals classified the subset of 8142 non-diarrheagenic isolates into 40 virulence groups. Groups were identified as low, medium, and high relative risk of containing ExPEC strains, based on the proportion of isolates recovered from humans. Medium and high relative risk groups showed a greater representation of sequence types associated with human disease, including ST-131. Over 90% of food source isolates belonged to low relative risk groups, while >60% of companion animal isolates belonged to medium or high relative risk groups. Additionally, 18 of the 26 most prevalent antimicrobial resistance determinants were more common in high relative risk groups. The associations between antimicrobial resistance and virulence potentially limit treatment options for human ExPEC infections. This study demonstrates the power of large-scale genomics to assess potential sources of ExPEC strains and highlights the importance of a One Health approach to identify and manage these human pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Harrison
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD 20708, USA; (G.H.T.); (E.S.); (O.C.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (U.D.)
| | - Gregory H. Tyson
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD 20708, USA; (G.H.T.); (E.S.); (O.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Errol Strain
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD 20708, USA; (G.H.T.); (E.S.); (O.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Rebecca L. Lindsey
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; (R.L.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Nancy Strockbine
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; (R.L.L.); (N.S.)
| | - Olgica Ceric
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD 20708, USA; (G.H.T.); (E.S.); (O.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Gamola Z. Fortenberry
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Washington, DC 20250, USA; (G.Z.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Beth Harris
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Ames, IA 50010, USA;
| | - Sheryl Shaw
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Washington, DC 20250, USA; (G.Z.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Glenn Tillman
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
| | - Shaohua Zhao
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Laurel, MD 20708, USA; (G.H.T.); (E.S.); (O.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Uday Dessai
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Washington, DC 20250, USA; (G.Z.F.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (U.D.)
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9
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Owe SRH, Kuvvetli I, Cherlin A, Harris B, Tomita H, Baistow I, Tcherniak D, Budtz-Jorgensen C. Evaluation of CZT Drift Strip Detectors for use in 3D Molecular Breast Imaging. IEEE Trans Radiat Plasma Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2022.3220807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. R. H. Owe
- DTU Space at the Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - I. Kuvvetli
- DTU Space at the Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A. Cherlin
- Kromek UK, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield, UK
| | | | | | - I. Baistow
- Kromek UK, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield, UK
| | - D. Tcherniak
- DTU Space at the Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C. Budtz-Jorgensen
- DTU Space at the Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Reising MM, Tong C, Harris B, Toohey-Kurth KL, Crossley B, Mulrooney D, Tallmadge RL, Schumann KR, Lock AB, Loiacono CM. A review of guidelines for evaluating a minor modification to a validated assay. REV SCI TECH OIE 2021; 40:217-226. [PMID: 34140729 DOI: 10.20506/rst.40.1.3219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Any modification to a validated assay must be evaluated in terms of the impact on the assay's performance characteristics and whether the assay remains fit for the intended purpose. The comparison is referred to as a 'method comparison', 'method comparability', 'method change', or 'comparative validation'. This review presents recommendations and examples of studies found in the current literature as a means of assessing minor modifications. In addition, the authors discuss common statistical approaches used for these comparisons.
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11
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Harris B, Warren S, Persson E, Bhindi R, Ringborn M, Ugander M, Allahwala U. Coronary collaterals provide more than half of normal perfusion in patients with coronary artery disease - quantification by myocardial perfusion SPECT during elective balloon occlusion. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
BACKGROUND
The coronary collateral circulation is a preformed network of anastomotic connections acting as a "natural bypass" mechanism. Whilst the prevalence of collaterals varies between species, approximately 25% of patients have angiographically visible robust collaterals at the time of ST elevation myocardial infarction. While the presence of collaterals is associated with improved outcomes, the magnitude of myocardial perfusion which can be provided by the collateral circulation remains uncertain.
PURPOSE
The aim was to quantify collateral myocardial perfusion during experimental coronary balloon occlusion in patients with CAD.
METHODS
The study was approved by the local investigational review board, and all patients provided informed consent. Patients without prior infarction, bypass surgery, or angiographically visible collaterals undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) to a single epicardial vessel, underwent two scans with 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). All subjects underwent at least three minutes of angiographically verified complete balloon occlusion, at which time an intravenous injection of the radiotracer was administered, followed by SPECT imaging. A second radiotracer injection followed by SPECT imaging was performed 24 hours after PTCA.
RESULTS
The study included 21 patients (median [interquartile range] age 70 [56-74] years, 52% male). The degree of diameter stenosis of treated vessels ranged from 60-99%, with successful PTCA performed with a mean 5-minute balloon occlusion time, resulting in ≤20% residual stenosis in all cases. The vessels undergoing PTCA were 6 in the LAD, 5 in the LCx, and 10 in the RCA. For the cohort, the size of the perfusion defect was 16 [8-30]% of the LV and the collateral perfusion at rest within the perfusion defect was 64 [58-68]% of normal perfusion within that region. Collateral perfusion was negatively correlated with perfusion defect size (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.001), but did not differ by sex (p = 0.27) or age (p = 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to describe the magnitude of microvascular collateral perfusion in CAD. On average, despite coronary occlusion and an absence of angiographically visible collateral vessels, collaterals provide approximately 60% of the perfusion that reaches the jeopardized myocardium during coronary occlusion. This magnitude of collateral perfusion is much higher than previously speculated. A previous study using microspheres in dogs found that collateral perfusion in the setting of an occluded vessel was 6% of normal. By comparison, the current study found ten times greater collateral perfusion in patients with CAD.
Abstract Figure. Collateral perfusion during occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Harris
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Warren
- Anne Arundel Medical Center, Cardiology, Annapolis, United States of America
| | - E Persson
- Skane University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - R Bhindi
- University of Sydney, Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - M Ringborn
- Blekinge County Hospital, Thoracic Center, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - M Ugander
- University of Sydney, Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - U Allahwala
- University of Sydney, Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Cowley C, Fuller P, Andrew Y, James L, Simons L, Sertoli M, Silburn S, Widdowson A, Jet Contributors, Bykov I, Rudakov D, Morgan T, Brons S, Scholten J, Vernimmen J, Bryant P, Harris B. Robust impurity detection and tracking for tokamaks. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:043311. [PMID: 33212582 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.043311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A robust impurity detection and tracking code, able to generate large sets of dust tracks from tokamak camera footage, is presented. This machine learning-based code is tested with cameras from the Joint European Torus, Doublet-III-D, and Magnum-PSI and is able to generate dust tracks with a 65-100% classification accuracy. Moreover, the number dust particles detected from a single camera shot can be up to the order of 1000. Several areas of improvement for the code are highlighted, such as generating more significant training data sets and accounting for selection biases. Although the code is tested with dust in single two-dimensional camera views, it could easily be applied to multiple-camera stereoscopic reconstruction or nondust impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cowley
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Fuller
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Andrew
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - L James
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - L Simons
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M Sertoli
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - S Silburn
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - A Widdowson
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - Jet Contributors
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - I Bykov
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - D Rudakov
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - T Morgan
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - S Brons
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Scholten
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J Vernimmen
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - P Bryant
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, United Kingdom
| | - B Harris
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GJ, United Kingdom
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13
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Harris B, Hicks J, Prarat M, Sanchez S, Crossley B. Next-generation sequencing capacity and capabilities within the National Animal Health Laboratory Network. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 33:248-252. [PMID: 32608345 PMCID: PMC7953108 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720937015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the cost of next-generation sequencing (NGS) decreasing, this technology is rapidly being integrated into the workflows of veterinary clinical and diagnostic laboratories nationwide. The mission of the U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) is in part to evaluate new technologies and develop standardized processes for deploying these technologies to network laboratories for improving detection and response to emerging and foreign animal diseases. Thus, in 2018, the NAHLN identified the integration of NGS into the network as a top priority. In order to assess the current state of preparedness across NAHLN laboratories and to identify which have the capability for performing NGS, a questionnaire was developed by the NAHLN Methods Technical Working Group and submitted to all NAHLN laboratories in December 2018. Thirty of 59 laboratories completed the questionnaire, of which 18 (60%) reported having some sequencing capability. Multiple sequencing platforms and reagents were identified, and limited standardized quality control parameters were reported. Our results confirm that NGS capacity is available within the NAHLN, but several gaps remain. Gaps include not having sufficient personnel trained in bioinformatics and data interpretation, lack of standardized methods and equipment, and maintenance of sufficient computing capacity to meet the growing demand for this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Harris
- USDA-APHIS-VS-DB National Animal Health Laboratory Network, Ames, IA
| | - Jessica Hicks
- USDA-APHIS-VS-DB National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA
| | - Melanie Prarat
- Ohio Department of Agriculture Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Reynoldsburg, OH
| | - Susan Sanchez
- Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Beate Crossley
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
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14
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Wormer BA, Augenstein VA, Carpenter CL, Burton PV, Yokeley WT, Prabhu AS, Harris B, Norton S, Klima DA, Lincourt AE, Heniford BT. The Green Operating Room: Simple Changes to Reduce Cost and Our Carbon Footprint. Am Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481307900708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Generating over four billion pounds of waste each year, the healthcare system in the United States is the second largest contributor of trash with one-third produced by operating rooms. Our objective is to assess improvement in waste reduction and recycling after implementation of a Green Operating Room Committee (GORC) at our institution. A surgeon and nurse-initiated GORC was formed with members from corporate leadership, nursing, anesthesia, and OR staff. Initiatives for recycling opportunities, reduction of energy and water use as well as solid waste were implemented and the results were recorded. Since formation of GORC in 2008, our OR has diverted 6.5 tons of medical waste. An effort to recycle all single-use devices was implemented with annual solid waste reduction of approximately 12,860 lbs. Disposable OR foam padding was replaced with reusable gel pads at greater than $50,000 per year savings. Over 500 lbs of previously discarded batteries were salvaged from the OR and donated to charity or redistributed in the hospital ($9,000 annual savings). A “Power Down” initiative to turn off all anesthesia and OR lights and equipment not in use resulted in saving $33,000 and 234.3 metric tons of CO2 emissions reduced per year. Converting from soap to alcohol-based waterless scrub demonstrated a potential saving of 2.7 million liters of water annually. Formation of an OR committee dedicated to ecological initiatives can provide a significant opportunity to improve health care's impact on the environment and save money.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Beth Harris
- From Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Sujatha Norton
- From Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - David A. Klima
- From Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
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15
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Nguyen K, Harris B, Bewley A, Rao S. Elective Nodal Irradiation for Locally Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Fung X, Asplin C, Grecu I, Harris B, Yates A, Swain D. An audit of correct line tip position used for total parenteral nutrition on the intensive care unit. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Nguyen K, Harris B, Bewley A, Rao S. Elective Nodal Irradiation for Locally Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Dor C, Gajanayake I, Kortum A, Day MJ, Tappin S, Harris B, Battersby I, Walker D, Glanemann B, Myatt P, Dunning M, Bexfield N. Characterisation and outcome of idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis in 64 English springer spaniel dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:551-558. [PMID: 31317549 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the history, clinicopathological abnormalities, diagnostic imaging findings, lymph node cytological/histological appearance, treatment and outcome of English springer spaniels diagnosed with idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective UK-based multicentre study, 64 dogs were recruited from 10 referral centres, 32 first-opinion practices and three histopathology/cytology laboratories, between 2010 and 2016. RESULTS The median age at presentation was 6 years (range: 0.17 to 11.75). Neutered females were frequently affected. Pyrexia (83.8%), peripheral lymphadenomegaly (78.4%), dermatological lesions (72.9%), lethargy (67.6%), hyporexia (54%), diarrhoea (29.7%), coughing (24.3%), epistaxis, sneezing or nasal discharge (21.6%), ocular signs (21.6%) and vomiting (16.2%) were reported in dogs for which the history and physical examination records were available. Popliteal (45.3%), superficial cervical (35.9%) and submandibular (37.5%) lymphadenomegaly were frequently reported. Haematology and serum biochemistry revealed non-specific changes. When undertaken, testing for infectious diseases was negative in all cases. Lymph node cytology, histopathology or both demonstrated mixed inflammatory (27%), pyogranulomatous (24%), neutrophilic (20%) or granulomatous (11%) lymphadenitis. Treatment details were available for 38 dogs, with 34 receiving prednisolone for a median duration of 15 weeks (range: 1 to 28 weeks). A good to excellent clinical response was reported in all but one case. Ten dogs relapsed after discontinuing prednisolone. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for lymphadenopathy and pyrexia in English springer spaniels. The characteristics of the disease, absence of identifiable infectious aetiology and response to glucocorticoid therapy suggest an immune-mediated aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - I Gajanayake
- Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull, West Midlands, B90 4NH, UK
| | - A Kortum
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - M J Day
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - S Tappin
- Dick White Referrals, Six Mile Bottom, Cambridge, CB8 0UH, UK
| | - B Harris
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Sutton Weaver, Cheshire, WA7 3FW, UK
| | - I Battersby
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Hitchin, Hertfordshire, SG5 3HR, UK
| | - D Walker
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Hursley, Winchester, SO21 2LL, UK
| | - B Glanemann
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - P Myatt
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - M Dunning
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.,Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull, West Midlands, B90 4NH, UK
| | - N Bexfield
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
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19
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Steele TR, Fox L, Harris B. Highly Qualified Personnel and Implications for Teachers of Students who are Visually Impaired. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0145482x0610001005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Sullivan I, Nguyen S, Harris B, Rivera V, Panzer K, Moon J, Chen S, Lu X, Patel N, Cohen G, Yu D, Panaro J. 03:18 PM Abstract No. 375 Post-lung biopsy pneumothorax: a single-center experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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21
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Abstract
Sixty-seven parents who are visually impaired revealed strategies for their children's safety, transportation, homework, and other parenting tasks and provided information about the emotional impact on their children and others’ reactions to them as parents. Recommendations for current and future parents who are visually impaired and professionals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Penny Rosenblum
- Department of Special Education, Rehabilitation, and School Psychology, University of Arizona, Box 210069, Tucson, AZ 85721-0069
| | - Sunggye Hong
- Department of Special Education, San Francisco State University, Burk Hall 208, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132
| | - Beth Harris
- University of Arizona, Box 210069, Tucson, AZ 85721-0069
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22
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Wright T, Harris B, Sticken E. A Best-Evidence Synthesis of Research on Orientation and Mobility Involving Tactile Maps and Models. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0145482x1010400205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A review of the literature from 1965 to 2008 on tactile maps and models in orientation and mobility yielded four pre-experimental and three experimental articles. The articles were analyzed via best-evidence synthesis—a combined narrative and statistical approach—allowing for recommendations for the most effective use of tactile maps and models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Wright
- National Center for Leadership in Visual Impairment, Vanderbilt University, Box 228, Nashville, TN 37203
| | - Beth Harris
- North Carolina Central University, 712 Cecil Street, Durham, NC 27707
| | - Eric Sticken
- University of Arizona, Tucson; Northern Illinois University, DeKalb; 1104 North Main Street, Lombard, IL 60148
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23
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Booth J, Caillet V, Briggs A, Hardcastle N, Jayamanne D, Szymura K, O'Brien R, Harris B, Eade T, Keall P. First-in-Human Clinical Experience with Real-Time Tumor Targeting Via MLC Tracking for Stereotactic Radiation Therapy of Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Nguyen K, Harris B, Bewley A, Rao S. Outcome Following Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Cutaneous Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Analysis of Factors Associated with Recurrence. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Redondo MJ, Geyer S, Steck AK, Sharp S, Wentworth JM, Weedon MN, Antinozzi P, Sosenko J, Atkinson M, Pugliese A, Oram RA, Antinozzi P, Atkinson M, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Colman P, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Insel R, Kay T, Knip M, Marks J, Moran A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Pugliese A, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Roep B, Russell W, Schatz D, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Benoist C, Blum J, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Kaufman F, Leschek E, Mahon J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Roncarolo M, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Greenbaum ,CJ, Bourcier K, Insel R, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Spain L, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Sosenko JM, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Adams T, Amado D, Asif I, Boonstra M, Bundy B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, McCuller R, Miller A, Accacha S, Corrigan J, Fiore E, Levine R, Mahoney T, Polychronakos C, Martin J, Gagne V, Starkman H, Fox M, Chin D, Melchionne F, Silverman L, Marshall I, Cerracchio L, Cruz J, Viswanathan A, Miller J, Wilson J, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn S, Lala A, Clesi P, Genet M, Uwaifo G, Charron A, Allerton T, Milliot E, Cefalu W, Melendez-Ramirez L, Richards R, Alleyn C, Gustafson E, Lizanna M, Wahlen J, Aleiwe S, Hansen M, Wahlen H, Moore M, Levy C, Bonaccorso A, Rapaport R, Tomer Y, Chia D, Goldis M, Iazzetti L, Klein M, Levister C, Waldman L, Muller S, Wallach E, Regelmann M, Antal Z, Aranda M, Reynholds C, Leech N, Wake D, Owens C, Burns M, Wotherspoon J, Nguyen T, Murray A, Short K, Curry G, Kelsey S, Lawson J, Porter J, Stevens S, Thomson E, Winship S, Wynn L, O’Donnell R, Wiltshire E, Krebs J, Cresswell P, Faherty H, Ross C, Vinik A, Barlow P, Bourcier M, Nevoret M, Couper J, Oduah V, Beresford S, Thalagne N, Roper H, Gibbons J, Hill J, Balleaut S, Brennan C, Ellis-Gage J, Fear L, Gray T, Pilger J, Jones L, McNerney C, Pointer L, Price N, Few K, Tomlinson D, Denvir L, Drew J, Randell T, Mansell P, Roberts A, Bell S, Butler S, Hooton Y, Navarra H, Roper A, Babington G, Crate L, Cripps H, Ledlie A, Moulds C, Sadler K, Norton R, Petrova B, Silkstone O, Smith C, Ghai K, Murray M, Viswanathan V, Henegan M, Kawadry O, Olson J, Stavros T, Patterson L, Ahmad T, Flores B, Domek D, Domek S, Copeland K, George M, Less J, Davis T, Short M, Tamura R, Dwarakanathan A, O’Donnell P, Boerner B, Larson L, Phillips M, Rendell M, Larson K, Smith C, Zebrowski K, Kuechenmeister L, Wood K, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels M, Speer H, Forghani N, Quintana R, Reh C, Bhangoo A, Desrosiers P, Ireland L, Misla T, Xu P, Torres C, Wells S, Villar J, Yu M, Berry D, Cook D, Soder J, Powell A, Ng M, Morrison M, Young K, Haslam Z, Lawson M, Bradley B, Courtney J, Richardson C, Watson C, Keely E, DeCurtis D, Vaccarcello-Cruz M, Torres Z, Alies P, Sandberg K, Hsiang H, Joy B, McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, 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Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Harris B, Hopkins M, Swamy G, Hughes B, Heine R, Villers M. Efficacy of non-beta lactam antibiotics for prevention of cesarean delivery wound infections. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yeo A, King K, Harris B, Xue Z, Johnson T, Ghosh S. Assessing the feasibility of GSK’s clinical genetic data re-use for drug target identification and validation: A respiratory case study. Genes Environ 2017. [DOI: 10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Phillips L, Jahnke I, Skubic M, Abbott C, Harris B, Demir F. USABILITY TESTING OF A KINECT-BASED SENSOR SYSTEM TO AUTOMATE THE TIMED UP-AND-GO TEST. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.2086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - I. Jahnke
- Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - M. Skubic
- Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - C. Abbott
- Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - B. Harris
- Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - F. Demir
- Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Dargatz DA, Erdman MM, Harris B. A survey of methods used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the United States. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:669-675. [PMID: 28599616 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717714505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to animal and human health worldwide, requiring a collaborative, holistic approach. The U.S. Government has developed a national strategy to address antimicrobial resistance, with one component being to monitor antimicrobial resistance in agricultural settings. We developed a survey to collect information about antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) from the veterinary diagnostic laboratory community in the United States, assessing current practices and technologies and determining how AST information is shared. Of the 132 surveys administered, 52 (39%) were returned. Overall, responding laboratories conducted susceptibility tests on 98,788 bacterial isolates in 2014, with Escherichia coli being the most common pathogen tested across all animal species. The 2 most common AST methods employed were the disk diffusion method (71%) and the Sensititre platform broth microdilution system (59%). Laboratories primarily used the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) VET-01 standard (69%) and the automatically calculated interpretations provided by the commercial AST systems (61%) for interpreting their AST data. Only 22% of laboratories published AST data on a periodic basis, usually via annual reports published on the laboratory's website or through peer-reviewed journals for specific pathogens. Our results confirm that disk diffusion and broth microdilution remain the standard AST methods employed by U.S. veterinary diagnostic laboratories, and that CLSI standards are commonly used for interpreting AST results. This information will help determine the most efficient standardized methodology for future surveillance. Furthermore, the current infrastructure within laboratories, once harmonized, will help provide a mechanism for conducting national surveillance programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Dargatz
- Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO (Dargatz), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA.,National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Diagnostic Bacteriology Laboratory (Erdman), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA.,National Animal Health Laboratory Network (Harris), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA
| | - Matthew M Erdman
- Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO (Dargatz), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA.,National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Diagnostic Bacteriology Laboratory (Erdman), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA.,National Animal Health Laboratory Network (Harris), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA
| | - Beth Harris
- Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Fort Collins, CO (Dargatz), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA.,National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Diagnostic Bacteriology Laboratory (Erdman), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA.,National Animal Health Laboratory Network (Harris), Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA
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Rodgers MA, Vallari AS, Harris B, Yamaguchi J, Holzmayer V, Forberg K, Berg MG, Kenmenge J, Ngansop C, Awazi B, Mbanya D, Kaptue L, Brennan C, Cloherty G, Ndembi N. Identification of rare HIV-1 Group N, HBV AE, and HTLV-3 strains in rural South Cameroon. Virology 2017; 504:141-151. [PMID: 28193549 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance of emerging viral variants is critical to ensuring that blood screening and diagnostic tests detect all infections regardless of strain or geographic location. In this study, we conducted serological and molecular surveillance to monitor the prevalence and diversity of HIV, HBV, and HTLV in South Cameroon. The prevalence of HIV was 8.53%, HBV was 10.45%, and HTLV was 1.04% amongst study participants. Molecular characterization of 555 HIV-1 specimens identified incredible diversity, including 7 subtypes, 12 CRFs, 6 unclassified, 24 Group O and 2 Group N infections. Amongst 401 HBV sequences were found a rare HBV AE recombinant and two emerging sub-genotype A strains. In addition to HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 strains, sequencing confirmed the fifth known HTLV-3 infection to date. Continued HIV/HBV/HTLV surveillance and vigilance for newly emerging strains in South Cameroon will be essential to ensure diagnostic tests and research stay a step ahead of these rapidly evolving viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B Harris
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | | | | | - K Forberg
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - M G Berg
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - J Kenmenge
- Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - C Ngansop
- Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - B Awazi
- Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - D Mbanya
- Université de Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - L Kaptue
- Université des Montagnes, Montagnes, Bangangté, Cameroon
| | - C Brennan
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - G Cloherty
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - N Ndembi
- Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
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Metz M, Durski M, Chou J, Crim G, Harris B, Lin WS. Microleakage of Lithium Disilicate Crown Margins Finished on Direct Restorative Materials. Oper Dent 2016; 41:552-562. [PMID: 27689837 DOI: 10.2341/15-225-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For some esthetic clinical situations, it is necessary to finish crown margins on direct restorative materials to preserve tissue integrity, bonding integrity, and biological width. The purpose of this research was to investigate microleakage at the interface between bonded lithium disilicate crowns and various direct restorative materials in a class III and class V position. METHODS AND MATERIALS Class III or class V restorations were prepared on one side of extracted incisors with either Tetric EvoCeram, Tetric Evoceram Bulk, Fuji II LC, or Tetric Evoflow. The teeth were prepared for and received a lithium disilicate crown. After load fatiguing, the specimens were thermo-cycled with a fuchsin dye and sectioned. The depth and area of dye penetration were measured with a dimensional grid in micrometers using stereomicroscopy and reported as mean dye depth and area (μm) ± SD. The comparison of multiple categorical independent variables with ratio scale dependent variables was evaluated with an analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc analysis. RESULTS A statistically significant higher dye penetration was noted for all treatment groups compared with the positive control (side opposite the restoration after sagittal sectioning was used as positive control) regardless of material or placement area (p<0.05). In comparing treatment groups, the Tetric EvoFlow experienced a statistically higher dye penetration than did the other treatment groups regardless of material or placement area (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the Tetric EvoCeram, Tetric Evoceram Bulk, and Fuji II LC materials regardless of placement area (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that flowable composite materials as finish lines that interact with resin cements could lead to exacerbated interfacial degradation. Finishing lithium disilicate all-ceramic crowns on flowable resin composite materials in the esthetic zone should be used with caution. If necessary, finishing lithium disilicate all-ceramic crowns on nanofilled resin composite or resin-modified glass ionomer materials seems to provide the least dye penetration depth and area.
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Booth J, Caillet V, Hardcastle N, Haddad C, Harris B, Szymura K, Crasta C, O'Brien R, Eade T, Keall P. First Clinical Implementation of Electromagnetic Transponder-Guided MLC Tracking for Lung Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tamborini A, Jahns H, McAllister H, Kent A, Harris B, Procoli F, Allenspach K, Hall EJ, Day MJ, Watson PJ, O'Neill EJ. Bacterial Cholangitis, Cholecystitis, or both in Dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1046-55. [PMID: 27203848 PMCID: PMC5084764 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial cholangitis and cholecystitis are rarely reported, poorly characterized diseases in the dog. Objectives To characterize the clinical features of these conditions. Animals Twenty‐seven client‐owned dogs with bacterial cholangitis, cholecystitis, or both. Methods Multicenter, retrospective cases series of dogs with bacterial cholangitis, cholecystitis, or both, presenting January 2000 to June 2011 to 4 Veterinary Schools in Ireland/United Kingdom. Interrogation of hospital databases identified all cases with the inclusion criteria; histopathologically confirmed cholangitis or cholecystitis and bile culture/cytology results supporting a bacterial etiology. Results Twenty‐seven dogs met the inclusion criteria with approximately 460 hepatitis cases documented over the same study period. Typical clinical pathology findings were increases in liver enzyme activities (25/26), hyperbilirubinemia (20/26), and an inflammatory leukogram (21/24). Ultrasound findings, although nonspecific, aided decision‐making in 25/26 cases. The most frequent hepatobiliary bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli (n = 17; 16 cases), Enterococcus spp. (n = 8; 6 cases), and Clostridium spp. (n = 5; 5 cases). Antimicrobial resistance was an important feature of aerobic isolates; 10/16 E. coli isolates resistant to 3 or more antimicrobial classes. Biliary tract rupture complicated nearly one third of cases, associated with significant mortality (4/8). Discharged dogs had a guarded to fair prognosis; 17/18 alive at 2 months, although 5/10 re‐evaluated had persistent liver enzyme elevation 2–12 months later. Conclusion and Clinical Significance Bacterial cholangitis and cholecystitis occur more frequently than suggested by current literature and should be considered in dogs presenting with jaundice and fever, abdominal pain, or an inflammatory leukogram or with ultrasonographic evidence of gallbladder abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tamborini
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Jahns
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H McAllister
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Kent
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Harris
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - F Procoli
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - K Allenspach
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - E J Hall
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - M J Day
- School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - P J Watson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - E J O'Neill
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Yang DQ, Harris B, Jiang S, Li Y, Freund D, Hegeman A, Cleary M. Abstract P5-05-05: Inhibition of enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis by KU-55933 as a novel strategy against aggressive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p5-05-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ability of cancer cells to produce large amounts of lactate through aerobic glycosis (Warburg effect) is coupled to high rates of glucose uptake. Enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis are closely correlated to increased breast tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. However, despite the importance of glucose uptake in supplying energy and preventing apoptosis of cancer cells, the majority of current efforts in searching for therapeutic agents targeting glucose metabolism have been aimed at modulating activities of different metabolic enzymes that are involved in glycolysis. Very limited studies have been done in developing novel therapeutic agents against glucose uptake in breast cancer cells.
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a monogenic, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia and oculocutaneous telangiectasias. The gene mutated in this disease, ATM (A-T, mutated), encodes a 370-kDa protein kinase. Although ATM is traditionally considered to be a nuclear protein that functions as a signal transducer in the cellular response to DNA damage, it is now known that ATM is also present in the cytoplasm and has important cytoplasmic functions. We previously discovered that ATM activates Akt, a main regulator of glucose uptake, by stimulating its phosphorylation at Ser473 following insulin treatment. We also found that ATM participates in insulin-mediated glucose uptake in muscle cells, and KU-55933, a specific inhibitor of ATM, strongly inhibits this process.
Recently, we found that KU-55933 inhibits cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-231, a triple-negative breast cancer cell line. We have also found that KU-55933 inhibits migration of MDA-MB-231 by a cell invasion assay. Furthermore, we found that these cancer cells exhibit enhanced glucose uptake in response to insulin and the addition of KU-55933 leads to a dramatic reduction of insulin-mediated glucose uptake in these cells. To further test whether KU-55933's ability to induce apoptosis is linked to its inhibition of glucose uptake, we performed a cell death ELISA assay in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with KU-55933 and different concentrations of glucose. Our results show that KU-55933 induces apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells, resulting in a similar degree of cell death as glucose starvation, while cells treated with glucose in conjunction with KU-55933 have decreased apoptosis. Moreover, we performed a cell migration assay and found that KU-55933 strongly inhibits the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells (similar to that caused by glucose starvation), which is almost fully rescued by the extra glucose supplemented in the cell culture medium. We have also established a positional isotope labeling-based targeted metabolomics method that can directly measure the conversion from glucose to lactate through glycolysis in cancer cells. Our results show strong production of lactate from glucose in MDA-MB-231 cells even under normal aerobic growth conditions, and KU-55933 strongly inhibits this process. Our findings may lead to the development of KU-55933 and its analogs as a new generation of therapeutic agents against aggressive breast cancer.
Citation Format: Yang D-Q, Harris B, Jiang S, Li Y, Freund D, Hegeman A, Cleary M. Inhibition of enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis by KU-55933 as a novel strategy against aggressive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-05.
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Michael K, Whittaker S, Varma S, Bekele E, Langhi L, Hodgkinson J, Harris B. Framework for the assessment of interaction between CO2 geological storage and other sedimentary basin resources. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2016; 18:164-175. [PMID: 26767550 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00539f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sedimentary basins around the world considered suitable for carbon storage usually contain other natural resources such as petroleum, coal, geothermal energy and groundwater. Storing carbon dioxide in geological formations in the basins adds to the competition for access to the subsurface and the use of pore space where other resource-based industries also operate. Managing potential impacts that industrial-scale injection of carbon dioxide may have on other resource development must be focused to prevent potential conflicts and enhance synergies where possible. Such a sustainable coexistence of various resource developments can be accomplished by implementing a Framework for Basin Resource Management strategy (FBRM). The FBRM strategy utilizes the concept of an Area of Review (AOR) for guiding development and regulation of CO2 geological storage projects and for assessing their potential impact on other resources. The AOR is determined by the expected physical distribution of the CO2 plume in the subsurface and the modelled extent of reservoir pressure increase resulting from the injection of the CO2. This information is used to define the region to be characterised and monitored for a CO2 injection project. The geological characterisation and risk- and performance-based monitoring will be most comprehensive within the region of the reservoir containing the carbon dioxide plume and should consider geological features and wells continuously above the plume through to its surface projection; this region defines where increases in reservoir pressure will be greatest and where potential for unplanned migration of carbon dioxide is highest. Beyond the expanse of the carbon dioxide plume, geological characterisation and monitoring should focus only on identified features that could be a potential migration conduit for either formation water or carbon dioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Michael
- CSIRO Energy, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
| | - S Whittaker
- CSIRO Energy, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
| | - S Varma
- Western Australian Department of Mines and Petroleum, Perth, Australia
| | - E Bekele
- CSIRO Land and Water, Perth, Australia
| | - L Langhi
- CSIRO Energy, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
| | - J Hodgkinson
- CSIRO Energy, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
| | - B Harris
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Trent M, Chung S, Harris B, Huettner S, Butz A, Gaydos C. 004.3 Adolescent care-seeking behaviour after notification of positive sexually transmitted infection results. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Birkholzer S, Richardson N, Fitzgerald E, Harris B, Knighton J. RECORDING OF PATIENT WEIGHT IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: A SURVEY OF CURRENT PRACTICE. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797426 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Goodell A, Malekinejad M, Mirzazadeh A, Harris B, Marseille E, Kahn J. Visualizing the effect of needle exchange program scale-up in the Russian
Federation: Findings from our web-based modeling tool. Ann Glob Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2014.08.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Zheng Y, Ding X, Harris B, Schreuder N. Clinical Assessment of a Commercial Patient Positioning and Verification System in Proton Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Harris B. Magnesium sulphate and postoperative pain. Anaesthesia 2013; 68:875-6. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Harris
- Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust; Portsmouth; UK
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Wormer BA, Augenstein VA, Carpenter CL, Burton PV, Yokeley WT, Prabhu AS, Harris B, Norton S, Klima DA, Lincourt AE, Heniford BT. The green operating room: simple changes to reduce cost and our carbon footprint. Am Surg 2013; 79:666-671. [PMID: 23815997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Generating over four billion pounds of waste each year, the healthcare system in the United States is the second largest contributor of trash with one-third produced by operating rooms. Our objective is to assess improvement in waste reduction and recycling after implementation of a Green Operating Room Committee (GORC) at our institution. A surgeon and nurse-initiated GORC was formed with members from corporate leadership, nursing, anesthesia, and OR staff. Initiatives for recycling opportunities, reduction of energy and water use as well as solid waste were implemented and the results were recorded. Since formation of GORC in 2008, our OR has diverted 6.5 tons of medical waste. An effort to recycle all single-use devices was implemented with annual solid waste reduction of approximately 12,860 lbs. Disposable OR foam padding was replaced with reusable gel pads at greater than $50,000 per year savings. Over 500 lbs of previously discarded batteries were salvaged from the OR and donated to charity or redistributed in the hospital ($9,000 annual savings). A "Power Down" initiative to turn off all anesthesia and OR lights and equipment not in use resulted in saving $33,000 and 234.3 metric tons of CO2 emissions reduced per year. Converting from soap to alcohol-based waterless scrub demonstrated a potential saving of 2.7 million liters of water annually. Formation of an OR committee dedicated to ecological initiatives can provide a significant opportunity to improve health care's impact on the environment and save money.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair A Wormer
- Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina 28204, USA
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Puri K, Dietachmayer G, Steinle P, Dix M, Rikus L, Logan L, Naughton M, Tingwell C, Xiao Y, Barras V, Bermous I, Bowen R, Deschamps L, Franklin C, Fraser J, Glowacki T, Harris B, Lee J, Le T, Roff G, Sulaiman A, Sims H, Sun X, Sun, Zhu H, Chattopadhyay M, Engel C. Implementation of the initial ACCESS numerical weather prediction system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.22499/2.6302.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Thacker TC, Robbe-Austerman S, Harris B, Van Palmer M, Waters WR. Isolation of mycobacteria from clinical samples collected in the United States from 2004 to 2011. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:100. [PMID: 23656828 PMCID: PMC3654946 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacteria other than M. bovis may interfere with current bovine tuberculosis diagnostic tests resulting in false positive test results. As the prevalence of M. bovis decreases in the United States, interference from other mycobacteria play an increasingly important role in preventing the eradication of M. bovis. To identify mycobacteria other than M. bovis that may be interfering with current diagnostic tests, a retrospective study was performed to identify mycobacteria isolated from clinical tissues at the National Veterinary Services Laboratories between 1 January 2004 and 9 October 2011. RESULTS During the study period, 2,366 mycobacteria other than M. bovis were isolated from samples submitted for clinical diagnosis of M. bovis. Fifty-five mycobacterial species were isolated during this time period. In cattle, M. avium complex, M. fortuitum/fortuitum complex, M. smegmatis, M. kansasii, and M. terrae complex were the predominate species other than M. bovis isolated from tissues submitted for culture. Mycobacteria other than M. bovis isolated from deer were predominantly M. avium complex, M. terrae/terrae complex, and M. fortuitum/fortuitum complex. CONCLUSIONS These data provide information characterizing the species and relative prevalence of mycobacteria other than M. bovis that may interfere with current diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler C Thacker
- United States Department of Agriculture, Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, USA.
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Harris B, Andrews PJD, Murray GD, Forbes J, Moseley O. Systematic review of head cooling in adults after traumatic brain injury and stroke. Health Technol Assess 2013; 16:1-175. [PMID: 23171713 DOI: 10.3310/hta16450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain injuries resulting from trauma and stroke are common and costly. Cooling therapy may reduce damage and potentially improve outcome. Head cooling targets the site of injury and may have fewer side effects than systemic cooling, but there has been no systematic review and the evidence base is unclear. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of non-invasive head cooling after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke on intracranial and/or core body temperature, functional outcome and mortality, determine adverse effects and evaluate cost-effectiveness. REVIEW METHODS Search strategy Major international databases [including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, the British Library's Electronic Table of Contents (Zetoc)], The Cochrane Library, trial registers, country-specific databases (including China, Japan), Google Scholar, hypothermia conference reports and reference lists of papers were searched with no publication or language restrictions. The searches were conducted from March 2010 to April 2011, with no back date restriction. Selection criteria For formal analysis of effect of head cooling on functional outcome and mortality: randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of non-invasive head cooling in TBI or stroke in adults (aged ≥ 18 years). RCT prespecified in protocol to include adequate randomisation and blinded outcome assessment. For assessment of effect on temperature and adverse effects of cooling methods/devices: studies of any type in TBI, stroke, cardiac arrest and neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (adverse effects only). Data collection and analysis A study assessment and data collection form was developed and piloted. Data on functional outcome, mortality, temperature change and adverse effects of devices were sought and extracted. Two authors independently assessed RCTs for quality using the Cochrane Renal Group checklist. RESULTS Out of 46 head-cooling studies in TBI and stroke, there were no RCTs of suitable quality for formal outcome analysis. Twelve studies had useable data on intracranial and core body temperature. These included 99 patients who were cooled after TBI or stroke and 198 patients cooled after cardiac arrest. The data were too heterogeneous for a single summary measure of effect (many studies had no measure of spread) and are therefore presented descriptively. The most effective techniques for which there were adequate data (nasal coolant and liquid cooling helmets) could reduce intracranial temperature by ≥ 1 °C in 1 hour. The main device-related adverse effects were localised skin problems, which were generally mild and self-limiting. There were no suitable data for economic modelling, but an exploratory model of possible treatment effects and cost-effectiveness of head cooling in TBI was created using local patient data. LIMITATIONS We conducted extensive and sensitive searches but found no good-quality RCTs of the effect of head cooling on functional outcome that met the review inclusion criteria. Most trials were small and/or of low methodological quality. However, if the trial reports did not reflect the true quality of the research, there may be some excluded trials that should have been included. Temperature data were often poorly reported which made it difficult to assess the effect of head cooling on temperature. CONCLUSIONS Whether head cooling improves functional outcome or has benefits and fewer side effects compared with systemic cooling or no cooling could not be established. Some methods of head cooling can reduce intracranial temperature, which is an important first step in determining effectiveness, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend its use outside of research trials. The principal recommendations for research are that active cooling devices show the most promise for further investigation and more robust proof of concept of intracranial and core body temperature reduction with head cooling is required, clearly showing whether temperature has changed and by how much. FUNDING The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Harris
- School of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Robbe-Austerman S, Bravo DM, Harris B. Comparison of the MGIT 960, BACTEC 460 TB and solid media for isolation of Mycobacterium bovis in United States veterinary specimens. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:74. [PMID: 23578209 PMCID: PMC3637409 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteriologic culture remains one of the most important methods to diagnose bovine tuberculosis despite the lengthy incubation time, significant decontamination and media expense, and high biocontainment requirements. Media selection is an important determination of culture sensitivity, and the planned discontinuation of the BACTEC 460 TB culture system has challenged veterinary diagnostic laboratories to evaluate alternatives. At the National Veterinary Services Laboratories the BACTEC MGIT 960 and 4 solid media formulations were compared with the BACTEC 460 TB system on 6,795 veterinary diagnostic specimens submitted for Mycobacterium bovis culture. Results M. bovis was isolated from 2.6% of the samples and atypical mycobacteria from 4.4% of the samples. The BACTEC 12B media isolated significantly more M. bovis (93.1% of positive samples) than MGIT 960 media (81.9%). However, contamination rates were much higher for the MGIT media, 17-24%, compared to 7% for BACTEC, suggesting that contamination was a major cause of MGIT reduced sensitivity. Time to signal positive was 2.37 weeks (95% CI 2.24-2.5) for the MGIT, and 3.2 weeks (95% CI 3.07-3.3) for the BACTEC, both earlier than any solid media. Mycobactosel LJ failed to isolate M. bovis from primary culture. An in-house 7H11 media supplemented with calf sera, hemolyzed blood, malachite green and pyruvate recovered more M. bovis (80.6%) with the least amount of contamination of any other solid media evaluated. Conclusion Decontamination methods may have to be optimized and or MGIT media may have to be altered to reduce contamination in veterinary samples. Despite these issues, the MGIT 960 system is still favored over the use of solid media due to decreased time to recovery and the potential for higher sensitivity.
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Lombard JE, Gardner IA, Jafarzadeh SR, Fossler CP, Harris B, Capsel RT, Wagner BA, Johnson WO. Herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in United States dairy herds in 2007. Prev Vet Med 2012; 108:234-8. [PMID: 22979969 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2012.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Testing of composite fecal (environmental) samples from high traffic areas in dairy herds has been shown to be a cost-effective and sensitive method for classification of herd status for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). In the National Animal Health Monitoring System's (NAHMS) Dairy 2007 study, the apparent herd-level prevalence of MAP was 70.4% (369/524 had ≥ 1 culture-positive composite fecal samples out of 6 tested). Based on these data, the true herd-level prevalence (HP) of MAP infection was estimated using Bayesian methods adjusting for the herd sensitivity (HSe) and herd specificity (HSp) of the test method. The Bayesian prior for HSe of composite fecal cultures was based on data from the NAHMS Dairy 2002 study and the prior for HSp was based on expert opinion. The posterior median HP (base model) was 91.1% (95% probability interval, 81.6 to 99.3%) and estimates were most sensitive to the prior for HSe. The HP was higher than estimated from the NAHMS Dairy 1996 and 2002 studies but estimates are not directly comparable with those of prior NAHMS studies because of the different testing methods and criteria used for herd classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Lombard
- USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO 80526-8117, USA.
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