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Campisciano G, Sorz A, Cason C, Zanotta N, Gionechetti F, Piazza M, Carli P, Uliana FM, Ballaminut L, Ricci G, De Seta F, Maso G, Comar M. Genital Dysbiosis and Different Systemic Immune Responses Based on the Trimester of Pregnancy in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4298. [PMID: 38673883 PMCID: PMC11050260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections are common in pregnancy with conflicting evidence supporting their association with neonatal congenital anomalies, especially during the first trimester. We profiled cytokine and chemokine systemic responses in 242 pregnant women and their newborns after SARS-CoV-2 infection, acquired in different trimesters. Also, we tested transplacental IgG passage and maternal vaginal-rectal microbiomes. IgG transplacental passage was evident, especially with infection acquired in the first trimester. G-CSF concentration-involved in immune cell recruitment-decreased in infected women compared to uninfected ones: a beneficial event for the reduction of inflammation but detrimental to ability to fight infections at birth. The later the infection was acquired, the higher the systemic concentration of IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1, associated with COVID-19 disease severity. All infected women showed dysbiosis of vaginal and rectal microbiomes, compared to uninfected ones. Two newborns tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within the first 48 h of life. Notably, their mothers had acute infection at delivery. Although respiratory infections in pregnancy are reported to affect babies' health, with SARS-CoV-2 acquired early during gestation this risk seems low because of the maternal immune response. The observed vaginal and rectal dysbiosis could be relevant for neonatal microbiome establishment, although in our series immediate neonatal outcomes were reassuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Campisciano
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Alice Sorz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (M.P.); (G.R.); (F.D.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Fabrizia Gionechetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Maria Piazza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (M.P.); (G.R.); (F.D.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Petra Carli
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Maria Uliana
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Lisa Ballaminut
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (M.P.); (G.R.); (F.D.S.); (G.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco De Seta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (M.P.); (G.R.); (F.D.S.); (G.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Maso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health–IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (A.S.); (M.P.); (G.R.); (F.D.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (N.Z.); (P.C.); (F.M.U.); (L.B.); (M.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Nicol JTJ, Mazzoni E, Iaquinta MR, De Pace R, Gaboriaud P, Maximova N, Cason C, De Martino E, Mazziotta C, Coursaget P, Touzé A, Boz V, Comar M, Tognon M, Martini F. Prevalence of IgG antibodies against Malawi polyomavirus in patients with autoimmune diseases and lymphoproliferative disorders subjected to bone marrow transplantation. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1293313. [PMID: 38299147 PMCID: PMC10827882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) cause persistent/latent infections in a large fraction of the population. HPyV infections may cause severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Malawi polyomavirus (MWPyV) is the 10th discovered human polyomavirus (HPyV 10). MWPyV was found in stool samples of healthy children. So far, the few investigations carried out on HPyV 10 did not find an association with human disease. Methods In this study, to verify the putative association between MWPyV and human diseases, MWPyV seroprevalence was investigated in patients affected by i) lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) and ii) immune system disorders, i.e., autoimmune diseases (ADs), and in iii) healthy subjects. An indirect ELISA, employing virus-like particles (VLPs) to detect serum IgG antibodies against MWPyV/HPyV 10, was carried out. The study also revealed the prevalence of another polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Results Sera from patients with distinct autoimmune diseases (n = 44; mean age 20 years) had a prevalence of MWPyV antibodies of 68%, while in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (n = 15; mean age 14 years), subjected to bone marrow transplantation, the prevalence was 47%. In healthy subjects (n = 66; mean age 13 years), the prevalence of MWPyV antibodies was 67%. Our immunological investigation indicates that MWPyV/HPyV 10 seroconversion occurs early in life and MWPyV/HPyV 10 appears to be another polyomavirus ubiquitous in the human population. A significantly lower MWPyV antibody reactivity together with a lower immunological profile was detected in the sera of LPD patients compared with HS2 (*p < 0.05) (Fisher's exact test). LPD and AD patients have a similar MCPyV seroprevalence compared with healthy subjects. Discussion MWPyV seroprevalence indicates that this HPyV is not associated with lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases. However, the ability to produce high levels of antibodies against MWPyV appears to be impaired in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Immunological investigations indicate that MWPyV seroconversion occurs early in life. MCPyV appears to be a ubiquitous polyomavirus, like other HPyVs, in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme T. J. Nicol
- UMR 1282 ISP Team Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Raffaella De Pace
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pauline Gaboriaud
- UMR 1282 ISP Team Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Natalia Maximova
- Onco-Hematology Division, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora De Martino
- Laboratory of Pediatric Immunology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pierre Coursaget
- UMR 1282 ISP Team Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Antoine Touzé
- UMR 1282 ISP Team Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Valentina Boz
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Peri F, Lorenzon B, Cason C, Amaddeo A, Norbedo S, Comar M, Barbi E, Cozzi G. Urgent Hospitalizations Related to Viral Respiratory Disease in Children during Autumn and Winter Seasons 2022/2023. Viruses 2023; 15:2425. [PMID: 38140665 PMCID: PMC10748011 DOI: 10.3390/v15122425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The loosening of social distancing measures over the past two years has led to a resurgence of seasonal epidemics associated with respiratory viral infections in children. We aim to describe the impact of such infections through urgent hospitalizations in a pediatric emergency department. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of medical records of all children and adolescents with a positive nasal swab admitted at the children's hospital IRCCS Burlo Garofolo of Trieste, in Italy, from September 2021 to March 2022, and September 2022 to March 2023. RESULTS Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza viruses accounted for up to 55% of hospitalizations for respiratory infections during the study periods. During the last season, the number of hospitalizations related to the Influenza virus was five times higher than those related to SARS-CoV-2 (25% vs. 5%). Respiratory Syncytial Virus was associated with a greater need for respiratory support, mostly HFNC (High Flow Nasal Cannula). CONCLUSIONS Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza virus had a more significant impact on urgent hospitalizations during the past wintery seasons than SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Peri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (B.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Beatrice Lorenzon
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (B.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Carolina Cason
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Alessandro Amaddeo
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (A.A.); (S.N.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefania Norbedo
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (A.A.); (S.N.); (G.C.)
| | - Manola Comar
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Egidio Barbi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (B.L.); (E.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozzi
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (A.A.); (S.N.); (G.C.)
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D'Accolti M, Soffritti I, Bini F, Mazziga E, Cason C, Comar M, Volta A, Bisi M, Fumagalli D, Mazzacane S, Caselli E. Shaping the subway microbiome through probiotic-based sanitation during the COVID-19 emergency: a pre-post case-control study. Microbiome 2023; 11:64. [PMID: 36991513 PMCID: PMC10060134 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the extent to which the public transportation environment, such as in subways, may be important for the transmission of potential pathogenic microbes among humans, with the possibility of rapidly impacting large numbers of people. For these reasons, sanitation procedures, including massive use of chemical disinfection, were mandatorily introduced during the emergency and remain in place. However, most chemical disinfectants have temporary action and a high environmental impact, potentially enhancing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of the treated microbes. By contrast, a biological and eco-sustainable probiotic-based sanitation (PBS) procedure was recently shown to stably shape the microbiome of treated environments, providing effective and long-term control of pathogens and AMR spread in addition to activity against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Our study aims to assess the applicability and impact of PBS compared with chemical disinfectants based on their effects on the surface microbiome of a subway environment. RESULTS The train microbiome was characterized by both culture-based and culture-independent molecular methods, including 16S rRNA NGS and real-time qPCR microarray, for profiling the train bacteriome and its resistome and to identify and quantify specific human pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 presence was also assessed in parallel using digital droplet PCR. The results showed a clear and significant decrease in bacterial and fungal pathogens (p < 0.001) as well as of SARS-CoV-2 presence (p < 0.01), in the PBS-treated train compared with the chemically disinfected control train. In addition, NGS profiling evidenced diverse clusters in the population of air vs. surface while demonstrating the specific action of PBS against pathogens rather than the entire train bacteriome. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here provide the first direct assessment of the impact of different sanitation procedures on the subway microbiome, allowing a better understanding of its composition and dynamics and showing that a biological sanitation approach may be highly effective in counteracting pathogens and AMR spread in our increasingly urbanized and interconnected environment. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D'Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Bini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mazziga
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonella Volta
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Bisi
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniele Fumagalli
- Facility Management Unit, Azienda Trasporti Milanesi S.P.A, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Sante Mazzacane
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122, Ferrara, Italy.
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Campisciano G, Zanotta N, Quadrifoglio M, Careri A, Torresani A, Cason C, De Seta F, Ricci G, Comar M, Stampalija T. The Bacterial DNA Profiling of Chorionic Villi and Amniotic Fluids Reveals Overlaps with Maternal Oral, Vaginal, and Gut Microbiomes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032873. [PMID: 36769194 PMCID: PMC9917689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The in utero microbiome hypothesis has been long debated. This hypothesis will change our comprehension of the pioneer human microbiome if proved correct. In 60 uncomplicated pregnancies, we profiled the microbiome of chorionic villi (CV) and amniotic fluids (AF) in relation to maternal saliva, rectum, and vagina and the soluble cytokines cascade in the vagina, CV and AF. In our series, 12/37 (32%) AF and 10/23 (44%) CV tested positive for bacterial DNA. CV and AF harbored bacterial DNA of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, overlapping that of the matched oral and vaginal niches, which showed a dysbiotic microbiome. In these pregnant women, the immune profiling revealed an immune hyporesponsiveness in the vagina and a high intraamniotic concentration of inflammatory cytokines. To understand the eventual role of bacterial colonization of the CV and AF and the associated immune response in the pregnancy outcome, further appropriate studies are needed. In this context, further studies should highlight if the hematogenous route could justify the spread of bacterial DNA from the oral microbiome to the placenta and if vaginal dysbiosis could favor the likelihood of identifying CV and AF positive for bacterial DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Campisciano
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Quadrifoglio
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Careri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Torresani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco De Seta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Tamara Stampalija
- Unit of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria, 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
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Conith MR, Ringo D, Conith AJ, Deleon A, Wagner M, McMenamin S, Cason C, Cooper WJ. The Evolution of Feeding Mechanics in the Danioninae, or Why Giant Danios Don't Suck Like Zebrafish. Integr Org Biol 2022; 4:obac049. [PMID: 36518182 PMCID: PMC9730500 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
By linking anatomical structure to mechanical performance we can improve our understanding of how selection shapes morphology. Here we examined the functional morphology of feeding in fishes of the subfamily Danioninae (order Cypriniformes) to determine aspects of cranial evolution connected with their trophic diversification. The Danioninae comprise three major lineages and each employs a different feeding strategy. We gathered data on skull form and function from species in each clade, then assessed their evolutionary dynamics using phylogenetic-comparative methods. Differences between clades are strongly associated with differences in jaw protrusion. The paedomorphic Danionella clade does not use jaw protrusion at all, members of the Danio clade use jaw protrusion for suction production and prey capture, and members of the sister clade to Danio (e.g., Devario and Microdevario) use jaw protrusion to retain prey after capture. The shape of the premaxillary bone is a major determinant of protrusion ability, and premaxilla morphology in each of these lineages is consistent with their protrusion strategies. Premaxilla shapes have evolved rapidly, which indicates that they have been subjected to strong selection. We compared premaxilla development in giant danio (Devario aequipinnatus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) and discuss a developmental mechanism that could shift danionine fishes between the feeding strategies employed by these species and their respective clades. We also identified a highly integrated evolutionary module that has been an important factor in the evolution of trophic mechanics within the Danioninae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Conith
- Department of Biology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
| | - D Ringo
- Department of Biology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
| | - A J Conith
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - A Deleon
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - M Wagner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - S McMenamin
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - C Cason
- Marine and Coastal Science, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
| | - W J Cooper
- Department of Biology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
- Marine and Coastal Science, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
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Cason C, D’Accolti M, Soffritti I, Mazzacane S, Comar M, Caselli E. Next-generation sequencing and PCR technologies in monitoring the hospital microbiome and its drug resistance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:969863. [PMID: 35966671 PMCID: PMC9370071 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.969863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hospital environment significantly contributes to the onset of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which represent one of the most frequent complications occurring in healthcare facilities worldwide. Moreover, the increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) characterizing HAI-associated microbes is one of the human health’s main concerns, requiring the characterization of the contaminating microbial population in the hospital environment. The monitoring of surface microbiota in hospitals is generally addressed by microbial cultural isolation. However, this has some important limitations mainly relating to the inability to define the whole drug-resistance profile of the contaminating microbiota and to the long time period required to obtain the results. Hence, there is an urgent need to implement environmental surveillance systems using more effective methods. Molecular approaches, including next-generation sequencing and PCR assays, may be useful and effective tools to monitor microbial contamination, especially the growing AMR of HAI-associated pathogens. Herein, we summarize the results of our recent studies using culture-based and molecular analyses in 12 hospitals for adults and children over a 5-year period, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria D’Accolti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Section of Microbiology and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Soffritti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Section of Microbiology and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Section of Microbiology and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- CIAS Research Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elisabetta Caselli,
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Cason C, Zamagni G, Cozzi G, Tonegutto D, Ronfani L, Oretti C, De Manzini A, Barbi E, Comar M, Amaddeo A. Spread of Respiratory Pathogens During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Children in the Northeast of Italy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:804700. [PMID: 35401434 PMCID: PMC8988150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.804700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The social distancing measures adopted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a profound change in the behavioral habits of the population. This study analyzes the impact of restriction measures on the shaping of the epidemiology of common winter respiratory pathogens in the pediatric population of northeast of Italy. From August 2020 to March 2021, a total of 1,227 nasopharyngeal swabs from symptomatic pediatric patients were tested for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A and B, adenovirus, other coronaviruses, parainfluenza virus 1–4, enterovirus, bocavirus, metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. To relate virus positivity with the clinic characteristics of the subjects enrolled, multinomial logistic models were estimated. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 5.2% of the children; fever resulted as risk factor for infection [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 2.88, p = 0.034]. Rhinovirus was detected in the 40.7% of the subjects, with cough and rhinitis as risk factors (respectively, RRR = 1.79, p = 0.001 and RRR = 1.53, p = 0.018). Other coronaviruses were found in 10.8% of children and were associated to pharyngodynia (RRR = 4.94, p < 0.001). Adenovirus, observed in 11.6% of subjects, showed to have fever as risk factor (RRR = 6.44, p < 0.001). Bocavirus was detected in 3.2% of children. In conclusion, our results showed that social isolation measures had an impact on the circulation of RSV and influenza, although children under the age of 2 were most affected by the other respiratory infections. Therefore, this study highlights the need for continuing surveillance for a delayed spread of RSV and other respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Zamagni
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozzi
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Tonegutto
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Ronfani
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Oretti
- Department of Services, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea De Manzini
- Department of Services, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
| | - Egidio Barbi
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- *Correspondence: Manola Comar,
| | - Alessandro Amaddeo
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo,” Trieste, Italy
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Dolci M, Signorini L, Cason C, Campisciano G, Kunderfranco P, Pariani E, Galli C, Petix V, Ferrante P, Delbue S, Comar M. Circulation of SARS-CoV-2 Variants among Children from November 2020 to January 2022 in Trieste (Italy). Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030612. [PMID: 35336187 PMCID: PMC8949205 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The ongoing coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) outbreak involves the pediatric population, but to date, few reports have investigated the circulation of variants among children. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, non-hospitalized pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2-positive nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) were enrolled at the Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste (Italy), from November 2020 to January 2022. SARS-CoV-2 variants were identified by in vitro viral isolation, amplification, automatic sequencing of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike coding gene, and subsequent next-generation sequencing. The growth curves of the isolated strains were defined in vitro by infecting Vero-E6 cells and quantifying the viral load in the supernatants up to 72 h post-infection by qRT–PCR. The neutralization activity of sera obtained from a COVID-19 vaccinated subject, recovered (2020) patient, vaccinated and recovered (2021) patient, and seronegative subject was assessed by microneutralization assay against the different variants. Results: In total, 32 SARS-CoV-2-positive children, 16 (50%) females, with a median age of 1.4 years (range: 1 day–13 years), were enrolled. The D614G amino acid substitution was detected in all isolated and amplified viral strains. Of the 32 isolates, 4 (12.5%) carried a nonsynonymous nucleotide mutation leading to the N439K (3/4), lineage B.1.258 (∆H69/∆V70), and S477N (1/4) substitution. In 7/32 (21.8%) isolates, amino acid substitutions allowed the identification of a delta variant, lineage B.1.617.2-AY.43, and in 1/32 (3.1%), the Omicron strain (B.1.1.529.BA1) was identified. The growth curves of the B.1, B.1.258 (∆H69/∆V70), B.1.617.2-AY.43, and B.1.1.529.BA1 variants did not show any significant differences. A reduction in the serum neutralizing activity against B.1.258 (∆H69/∆V70) only in a vaccinated subject (1.7-fold difference), against B.1.617.2-AY.43 in a vaccinated subject and in recovered patients (12.7 and ≥2.5-fold differences, respectively), and against B.1.1.529.BA1 variant (57.6- and 1.4-fold differences in vaccinated and in vaccinated and recovered patients) were observed compared to the B.1 variant. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 variants carrying the B.1.258 (∆H69/∆V70) and S477N substitutions were reported here in a pediatric population for the first time. Although the growth rates of the isolated strains (B.1.258, B.1.617.2-AY.43, B.1.1.529.BA1) did not differ from the B.1 variant, neutralizing activity of the sera from vaccinated subjects significantly decreased against these variants. Attention should be devoted to the pediatric population to prevent the spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in an unvaccinated and predominantly naive population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dolci
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Lucia Signorini
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Carolina Cason
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (G.C.); (V.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (G.C.); (V.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Paolo Kunderfranco
- Bioinformatics Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Elena Pariani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Cristina Galli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Vincenzo Petix
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (G.C.); (V.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Pasquale Ferrante
- Istituto Clinico Città Studi, Via Niccolò Jommelli, 17, 20131 Milan, Italy;
| | - Serena Delbue
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.D.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250315070
| | - Manola Comar
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (C.C.); (G.C.); (V.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Medical Sciences (DSM), University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
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10
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Soffritti I, D’Accolti M, Cason C, Lanzoni L, Bisi M, Volta A, Campisciano G, Mazzacane S, Bini F, Mazziga E, Toscani P, Caselli E, Comar M. Introduction of Probiotic-Based Sanitation in the Emergency Ward of a Children’s Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:1399-1410. [PMID: 35386291 PMCID: PMC8978905 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s356740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major threat to public health, especially in the hospital environment, and the massive use of disinfectants to prevent COVID-19 transmission might intensify this risk, possibly leading to future AMR pandemics. However, the control of microbial contamination is crucial in hospitals, since hospital microbiomes can cause healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which are particularly frequent and severe in pediatric wards due to children having high susceptibility. Aim We have previously reported that probiotic-based sanitation (PCHS) could stably decrease pathogens and their AMR in the hospital environment, reduce associated HAIs in adult hospitals, and inactivate enveloped viruses. Here, we aimed to test the effect of PCHS in the emergency room (ER) of a children’s hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Conventional chemical disinfection was replaced by PCHS for 2 months during routine ER sanitation; the level of environmental bioburden was characterized before and at 2, 4, and 9 weeks after the introduction of PCHS. Microbial contamination was monitored simultaneously by conventional culture-based CFU count and molecular assays, including 16S rRNA NGS for bacteriome characterization and microarrays for the assessment of the resistome of the contaminating population. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 was also monitored by PCR. Results and conclusions PCHS usage was associated with a stable 80% decrease in surface pathogens compared to levels detected for chemical disinfection (P < 0.01), accompanied by an up to 2 log decrease in resistance genes (Pc < 0.01). The effects were reversed when reintroducing chemical disinfection, which counteracted the action of the PCHS. SARS-CoV-2 was not detectable in both the pre-PCHS and PCHS periods. As the control of microbial contamination is a major issue, especially during pandemic emergencies, collected data suggest that PCHS may be successfully used to control virus spread without simultaneous worsening of the AMR concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Maria D’Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Luca Lanzoni
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Matteo Bisi
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Antonella Volta
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Sante Mazzacane
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Francesca Bini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mazziga
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Paola Toscani
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, and LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44122, Italy
- Correspondence: Elisabetta Caselli, Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy, Tel +39 0532 455387, Fax +39 0532 974470, Email
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Advanced Translational Microbiology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, 34137, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34149, Italy
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11
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Armocida B, Zamagni G, Magni E, Monasta L, Comar M, Zanotta N, Cason C, Argentini G, Urriza M, Cassone A, Vascotto F, Buzzetti R, Barbi E, Del Pin M, Pani P, Knowles A, Carletti C, Concina F, Milinco M, Ronfani L. Clinical, anamnestic, and sociodemographic predictors of positive SARS-CoV-2 testing in children: A cross sectional study in a tertiary hospital in Italy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262923. [PMID: 35077483 PMCID: PMC8789147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify clinical, anamnestic, and sociodemographic characteristics associated with a positive swab for SARS-CoV2, and to provide a predictive score to identify at risk population in children aged 2-14 years attending school and tested for clinical symptoms of COVID-19. DESIGN Cross sectional study. SETTING Outpatient clinic of the IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, a maternal and child health tertiary care hospital and research centre in Italy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Data were collected through a predefined form, filled out by parents, and gathered information on sociodemographic characteristics, and specific symptoms, which were analysed to determine their association with a positive SARS-CoV-2 swab. The regression coefficients of the variables included in the multivariate analysis were further used in the calculation of a predictive score of the positive or negative test. RESULTS Between September 20th and December 23rd 2020, from 1484 children included in the study, 127 (8.6%) tested positive. In the multivariate analysis, the variables retained by the model were the presence of contact with a cohabiting, non-cohabiting or unspecified symptomatic case (respectively OR 37.2, 95% CI 20.1-68.7; 5.1, 95% CI 2.7-9.6; 15.6, 95% CI 7.3-33.2); female sex (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.0-2.3); age (6-10 years old: OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.7-6.1 p<0.001; >10 years old: OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.7-8.8 p<0.001); fever (OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.3-6.4); chills (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.3); headache (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.9-2.4); ageusia (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.5-4.0); sore throat (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.3-0.8); earache (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.1-1.3); rhinorrhoea (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.3); and diarrhoea (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.2-1.1). The predictive score based on these variables generated 93% sensitivity and 99% negative predictive value. CONCLUSIONS The timely identification of SARS-CoV2 cases among children is useful to reduce the dissemination of the disease and its related burden. The predictive score may be adopted in a public health perspective to rapidly identify at risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Armocida
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Zamagni
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Magni
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Unit of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Unit of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Unit of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgia Argentini
- Medical Direction, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marianela Urriza
- Medical Direction, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Cassone
- Health Professions Direction, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- Health Professions Direction, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Egidio Barbi
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Paola Pani
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Knowles
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudia Carletti
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Concina
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariarosa Milinco
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Ronfani
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Amaddeo
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozzi
- Emergency Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
| | - Luca Ronfani
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- SSD of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
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13
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Iebba V, Zanotta N, Campisciano G, Zerbato V, Di Bella S, Cason C, Luzzati R, Confalonieri M, Palamara AT, Comar M. Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:671813. [PMID: 34394024 PMCID: PMC8361794 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.671813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been recently demonstrated in the sputum or saliva, suggesting how the shedding of viral RNA outlasts the end of symptoms. Recent data from transcriptome analysis show that the oral cavity mucosa harbors high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), highlighting its role as a double-edged sword for SARS-CoV-2 body entrance or interpersonal transmission. Here, we studied the oral microbiota structure and inflammatory profile of 26 naive severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 15 controls by 16S rRNA V2 automated targeted sequencing and magnetic bead-based multiplex immunoassays, respectively. A significant diminution in species richness was observed in COVID-19 patients, along with a marked difference in beta-diversity. Species such as Prevotella salivae and Veillonella infantium were distinctive for COVID-19 patients, while Neisseria perflava and Rothia mucilaginosa were predominant in controls. Interestingly, these two groups of oral species oppositely clustered within the bacterial network, defining two distinct Species Interacting Groups (SIGs). COVID-19-related pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in both oral and serum samples, along with a specific bacterial consortium able to counteract them. We introduced a new parameter, named CytoCOV, able to predict COVID-19 susceptibility for an unknown subject at 71% of power with an Area Under Curve (AUC) equal to 0.995. This pilot study evidenced a distinctive oral microbiota composition in COVID-19 subjects, with a definite structural network in relation to secreted cytokines. Our results would be usable in clinics against COVID-19, using bacterial consortia as biomarkers or to reduce local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Iebba
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Laboratory of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Laboratory of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Verena Zerbato
- Infectious Diseases Department, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Laboratory of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Confalonieri
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Cattinara, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia- Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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14
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Trombetta A, Comar M, Tommasini A, Canton M, Campisciano G, Zanotta N, Cason C, Maso G, Risso FM. SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Inflammatory Response in a Twin Pregnancy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:3075. [PMID: 33802696 PMCID: PMC8002573 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is growing literature about the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenetic effects exerted during pregnancy and whether vertical transmission or premature birth is possible. It is not well known whether changes in the immune system of pregnant women may lead to a marked susceptibility to infectious processes and the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal complications such as preterm birth, spontaneous abortion, hospitalization in an intensive care unit, transmission to the fetus or newborns, and fetal mortality are poorly understood. Along with this ongoing debate, it is not well defined whether, during pregnancy, the role of host susceptibility in producing a specific inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 may represent distinctive markers of risk of vertical transmission. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 impact on the vaginal microbiome has not yet been described, despite mounting evidence on its possible effect on the gastrointestinal microbiome and its influence on infectious diseases and preterm labor. This report describes the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on a twin pregnancy diagnosed with infection at the third trimester of gestation including tissue infections, inflammatory response, antibody production, cytokine concentration, and vaginal microbiome composition. We identified a pattern of cytokines including IL1-Ra, IL-9 G-CSF, IL-12, and IL-8 differently expressed, already associated with previously infected patients. We detected a similar concentration of almost all the cytokines tested in both twins, suggesting that the SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm is not substantially impaired during the placental passage. The analysis of the vaginal microbiome did not show relevant signs of dysbiosis, similar to other healthy pregnant women and twin healthy pregnancies. The aim of this report was to analyze the immunological response against SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus tissue tropism in a twin pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Trombetta
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.T.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.T.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.C.)
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health “IRCCS Burlo Garofolo”, via Dell’istria 65/1, 34124 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (G.M.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.T.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.C.)
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health “IRCCS Burlo Garofolo”, via Dell’istria 65/1, 34124 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (G.M.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Melania Canton
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.T.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health “IRCCS Burlo Garofolo”, via Dell’istria 65/1, 34124 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (G.M.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health “IRCCS Burlo Garofolo”, via Dell’istria 65/1, 34124 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (G.M.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa, 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (A.T.); (M.C.); (M.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Gianpaolo Maso
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health “IRCCS Burlo Garofolo”, via Dell’istria 65/1, 34124 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (G.M.); (F.M.R.)
| | - Francesco Maria Risso
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health “IRCCS Burlo Garofolo”, via Dell’istria 65/1, 34124 Trieste, Italy; (G.C.); (N.Z.); (G.M.); (F.M.R.)
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Campisciano G, Gheit T, De Seta F, Cason C, Zanotta N, Delbue S, Ricci G, Ferrante P, Tommasino M, Comar M. Oncogenic Virome Benefits from the Different Vaginal Microbiome-Immune Axes. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E414. [PMID: 31581600 PMCID: PMC6843784 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The picture of dynamic interaction between oncogenic viruses and the vaginal bacteria-immune host milieu is incomplete. We evaluated the impact of Polyomaviridae, Papillomaviridae, and Herpesviridae oncoviruses on the vaginal Community State Types (CSTs) and host immune response in reproductive-age women. In our cohort, only Polyomaviridae and Papillomaviridae were detected and were associated with changes in the resident bacteria of CST I and IV (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus crispatus increased in CST I while Prevotella timonensis and Sneathia sanguinegens increased in CST IV. Conversely, CST II and III showed an alteration of the immune response, with the decrease of Eotaxin, MCP-1, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 (p < 0.05), leading to reduced antiviral efficacy. An efficient viral clearance was observed only in women from CST I, dominated by Lactobacillus crispatus. Our in vivo study begins to address the knowledge gap with respect to the role of vaginal bacteria and immune response in susceptibility to oncoviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Campisciano
- Advanced Laboratory of Translational Microbiology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, IARC, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Francesco De Seta
- Advanced Laboratory of Translational Microbiology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Carolina Cason
- Advanced Laboratory of Translational Microbiology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical Sciences, UNITS Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Advanced Laboratory of Translational Microbiology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Serena Delbue
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Carlo Pascal, 36, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Advanced Laboratory of Translational Microbiology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Ferrante
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Carlo Pascal, 36, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, IARC, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Manola Comar
- Advanced Laboratory of Translational Microbiology, Institute for maternal and child health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Medical Sciences, UNITS Cattinara Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
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Adhikari A, Chhetri VS, Bhattacharya D, Cason C, Luu P, Suazo A. Effectiveness of daily rinsing of alfalfa sprouts with aqueous chlorine dioxide and ozonated water on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes during sprouting. Lett Appl Microbiol 2019; 69:252-257. [PMID: 31429475 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alfalfa sprouts have been implicated in multiple foodborne disease outbreaks. This study evaluated the growth of Listeria monocytogenes during sprouting of alfalfa seeds and the effectiveness of daily chlorine dioxide & ozone rinsing in controlling the growth. Alfalfa seeds inoculated with L. monocytogenes were sprouted for 5 days (25°C) with a daily aqueous ClO2 (3 ppm, 10 min) or ozone water (2 ppm, 5 min) rinse. Neither treatment significantly reduced the growth of L. monocytogenes on sprouting alfalfa seeds. The initial level of L. monocytogenes was 3·44 ± 0·27, which increased to c. 7·0 log CFU per g following 3 days of sprouting. There was no significant difference in the bacterial population between the treatment schemes. Bacterial distribution in roots (7·63 ± 0·511 log CFU per g), stems (7·51 ± 0·511 log CFU per g) and leaves (7·41 ± 0·511 log CFU per g) were similar after 5 days. Spent sanitizers had significantly lower levels of bacterial populations compared to the spent distilled water control. The results indicated that sprouting process provides a favourable condition for the growth of L. monocytogenes and the sanitizer treatment alone may not be able to reduce food safety risks. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Sprouts are high-risk foods. Consumption of raw sprouts is frequently associated with foodborne disease outbreaks. Optimum sprouting procedure involves soaking seeds in water followed by daily water rinsing to maintain a moist environment that is also favourable for the growth of pathogenic micro-organisms. The present study emphasized the potential food safety risks during sprouting and the effect of applying daily sanitizer rinsing in the place of water rinsing to reduce those risks. The finding of this study may be useful in the development of pre-harvest and post-harvest risk management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adhikari
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - V S Chhetri
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - D Bhattacharya
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - C Cason
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - P Luu
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - A Suazo
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Herrmann T, Carothers A, Littman G, Warters M, Cason C, Bekaii-Saab T. Management of patients with unresectable HCC: A simulation-based assessment of medical oncologists’ practice choices. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Campisciano G, Cason C, Palmisano S, Giuricin M, Rizzardi A, Croce LS, De Manzini N, Comar M. Bariatric surgery drives major rearrangements of the intestinal microbiota including the biofilm composition. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2018; 10:495-505. [PMID: 29772522 DOI: 10.2741/e836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota disequilibrium has been associated with obesity, while the role of the gut mucosal biofilms in this pathology is still unknown. We analysed the changes in the intestinal microbiota of obese patients after bariatric surgery with the aim of disclosing the rearrangement of the biofilm configuration. Although the bariatric surgery drives major rearrangements of the gut microbiota, obese patients maintain the Prevotella enterotype before and after surgery, as shown by normal weight patients, with an increase of Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis. The Bacteroides enterotype guarantees the strong ability to form a biofilm which allows a more efficient digestion of polysaccharides than planktonic communities and leads to the production of acetate which is a key player to inhibit enteropathogens. Additionally, the laparoscopic gastric bypass induces an increase of Hafniaalvei (Proteobacteria), a facultative anaerobic bacterium involved in intestinal and inflammatory disorders. Bariatric surgery influences the microbial composition of gut biofilm. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of this variation on recovery after surgery and on weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Campisciano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, Via dell' Istria 65/1, Trieste, 34137 Italy
| | - Carolina Cason
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Palmisano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Trieste, Italy and General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Giuricin
- General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessia Rizzardi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lory Saveria Croce
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy and Clinica Patologie del Fegato, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicolo De Manzini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy and General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste, 34137 Italy,
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19
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Cason C, Monasta L, Zanotta N, Campisciano G, Maestri I, Tommasino M, Pawlita M, Villani S, Comar M, Delbue S. Antibody response to polyomavirus primary infection: high seroprevalence of Merkel cell polyomavirus and lymphoid tissue involvement. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:314-322. [PMID: 29330826 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-017-0612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) asymptomatically infect the human population establishing latency in the host, and their seroprevalence can reach 90% in healthy adults. Few studies have focused on the pediatric population, and there are no reports regarding the seroprevalence of all the newly isolated HPyVs among Italian children. Therefore, we investigated the frequency of serum antibodies against 12 PyVs in 182 immunocompetent children from Northeast Italy, by means of a multiplex antibody detection system. Additionally, secondary lymphoid tissues were collected to analyze the presence of HPyV DNA sequences using a specific real-time PCRs or PCRs. Almost 100% of subjects were seropositive for at least one PyV. Seropositivity ranged from 3% for antibodies against simian virus 40 (SV40) in children from 0 to 3 years, to 91% for antibodies against WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) and HPyV10 in children from 8 to 17 years. The mean number of PyV for which children were seropositive increased with the increasing of age: 4 standard deviations (SD) 1.8 in the 0-3-year group, 5 (SD 1.9) in the 4-7-year group, and 6 (SD 2.2) in the 8-17-year group. JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) DNA was detected in 1% of the adenoids, WUPyV in 12% of the tonsils, and 28% of the adenoids, and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) was present in 6 and 2% of the tonsils and adenoids, respectively. Our study gives new insights on the serological evidence of exposure to PyVs during childhood, and on their possible respiratory route of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cason
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Iva Maestri
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Pathology Unit of Pathologic AnatomyHistology and Cytology University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Cours Albert Thomas 150, 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Pawlita
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonia Villani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical & Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20100, Milan, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Via dell' Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Delbue
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical & Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20100, Milan, Italy.
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20
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Campisciano G, Palmisano S, Cason C, Giuricin M, Silvestri M, Guerra M, Macor D, De Manzini N, Crocé LS, Comar M. Gut microbiota characterisation in obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:367-373. [PMID: 29482339 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota analysis of obese patients after bariatric surgery showed that Proteobacteria decreased after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG), while it increased after laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB). Comparing to normal weight (NW) patients, obese patients that were selected for SG showed an almost equal amount of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the ratio was not affected by the surgery. Obese patients before LGB showed a predominance of Bacteroidetes, whose amount regained a relative abundance similar to NW patients after surgery. Obese patients before LGB showed the predominance of Bacteroides, which decreased after surgery in favour of Prevotella, a bacterium associated with a healthy diet. The bacteria detected at the highest percentages belonged to biofilm forming species. In conclusion, in this study, we found that the characterization of the gut microbial communities and the modality of mucosal colonisation have a central role as markers for the clinical management of obesity and promote the maintenance of good health and the weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Campisciano
- 1 Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Palmisano
- 2 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34100 Trieste, Italy.,3 General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - C Cason
- 2 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Giuricin
- 3 General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Silvestri
- 3 General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Guerra
- 3 General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - D Macor
- 2 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34100 Trieste, Italy.,4 Clinica Patologie del Fegato, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy.,5 University of Verona, via S. Francesco 22, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - N De Manzini
- 2 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34100 Trieste, Italy.,3 General Surgery Clinic, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - L S Crocé
- 2 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34100 Trieste, Italy.,4 Clinica Patologie del Fegato, ASUITS, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Comar
- 1 Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy.,2 Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, General Surgery Clinic, University Hospital of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34100 Trieste, Italy
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Villani S, Zanotta N, Ambrogi F, Comar M, Franciotta D, Dolci M, Cason C, Ticozzi R, Ferrante P, Delbue S. Multiplex array analysis of circulating cytokines and chemokines in natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 310:91-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Cason C, Campisciano G, Zanotta N, Valencic E, Delbue S, Bella R, Comar M. SV40 Infection of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Wharton's Jelly Drives the Production of Inflammatory and Tumoral Mediators. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:3060-3066. [PMID: 27925194 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (WJSCs) are a source of cells with high potentiality for the treatment of human immunological disorders. Footprints of the oncogenic viruses Simian Virus 40 (SV40) and JC Virus (JCPyV) have been recently detected in human WJSCs specimens. The aim of this study is to evaluate if WJSCs can be efficiently infected by these Polyomaviruses and if they can potentially exert tumoral activity. Cell culture experiments indicated that WJSCs could sustain both SV40 and JCPyV infections. A transient and lytic replication was observed for JCPyV, while SV40 persistently infected WJSCs over a long period of time, releasing a viral progeny at low titer without evident cytopathic effect (CPE). Considering the association between SV40 and human tumors and the reported ability of the oncogenic viruses to drive the host innate immune response to cell transformation, the expression profile of a large panel of immune mediators was evaluated in supernatants by the Bioplex platform. RANTES, IL-3, MIG, and IL-12p40, involved in chronic inflammation, cells differentiation, and transformation, were constantly measured at high concentration comparing to control. These findings represent a new aspect of SV40 biological activity in the humans, highlighting its interaction with specific host cellular pathways. In view of these results, it seems to be increasingly urgent to consider Polyomaviruses in the management of WJSCs for their safely use as promising therapeutic source. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 3060-3066, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cason
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Nunzia Zanotta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Erica Valencic
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Delbue
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ramona Bella
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Science, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Cason
- Research sister, Bums Research Group, South Birmingham Trauma Unit, The General Hospital, Birrpingham
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Rhoads C, Dean J, Cason C, Blaylock A. Comprehensive discharge planning: a hospital-home healthcare partnership. Home Healthc Nurse 1992; 10:13-8. [PMID: 1468966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Shorter hospital stays place new demands on the discharge planning process. A research study that evaluated discharge planning outcomes reveals a critical need for comprehensive discharge planning involving both hospital and home healthcare agencies.
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Cason C, Ray T, DeSlavo S. Copel and Stolarik's research analysis on SvO2 monitoring. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 1992; 11:221. [PMID: 1618075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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26
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Highfield MF, Cason C. Spiritual needs of patients: are they recognized? Cancer Nurs 1983; 6:187-92. [PMID: 6190552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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27
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