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Freeman SM, Catrow JL, Cox JE, Turano A, Rich MA, Ihrig HP, Poudyal N, Chang CWT, Gese EM, Young JK, Olsen AL. Binding Affinity, Selectivity, and Pharmacokinetics of the Oxytocin Receptor Antagonist L-368,899 in the Coyote ( Canis latrans). Comp Med 2024; 74:3-11. [PMID: 38532262 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-23-000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
L-368,899 is a selective small-molecule oxytocin receptor (OXTR) antagonist originally developed in the 1990s to prevent preterm labor. Although its utility for that purpose was limited, L-368,899 is now one of the most commonly used drugs in animal research for the selective blockade of neural OXTR after peripheral delivery. A growing number of rodent and primate studies have used L-368,899 to evaluate whether certain behaviors are oxytocin dependent. These studies have improved our understanding of oxytocin's function in the brains of rodents and monkeys, but very little work has been done in other mammals, and only a single paper in macaques has provided any evidence that L-368,899 can be detected in the CNS after peripheral delivery. The current study sought to extend those findings in a novel species: coyotes ( Canis latrans ). Coyotes are ubiquitous North American canids that form long-term monogamous pair-bonds. Although monogamy is rare in rodents and primates, all wild canid species studied to date exhibit social monogamy. Coyotes are therefore an excellent model organism for the study of oxytocin and social bonds. Our goal was to determine whether L-368,899 is a viable candidate for future use in behavioral studies in coyotes. We used captive coyotes at the USDA National Wildlife Research Center's Predator Research Facility to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of L-368,899 in blood and CSF during a 90-min time course after intramuscular injection. We then characterized the binding affinity and selectivity of L-368,899 to coyote OXTR and the structurally similar vasopressin 1a receptor. We found that L-368,899 peaked in CSF at 15 to 30 min after intramuscular injection and slowly accumulated in blood. L-368,899 was 40 times more selective for OXTR than vasopressin 1a receptors and bound to the coyote OXTR with an affinity of 12 nM. These features of L-368,899 support its utility in future studies to probe the oxytocin system of coyotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Freeman
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; sara. freeman@usu. edu
| | - J Leon Catrow
- Metabolomics, Proteomics, and Mass Spectrometry Cores, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James Eric Cox
- Metabolomics, Proteomics, and Mass Spectrometry Cores, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - McKenna A Rich
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | | | - Naveena Poudyal
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
| | | | - Eric M Gese
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Predator Research Facility, Millville, Utah
| | - Julie K Young
- Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; US Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Predator Research Facility, Millville, Utah
| | - Aaron L Olsen
- Animal Dairy and Veterinary Sciences Department, Utah State University, Logan, Utah
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Zhang W, Rhodes JS, Garg A, Takemoto JY, Qi X, Harihar S, Tom Chang CW, Moon KR, Zhou A. Label-free discrimination and quantitative analysis of oxidative stress induced cytotoxicity and potential protection of antioxidants using Raman micro-spectroscopy and machine learning. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1128:221-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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3
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Pandey U, Subedi YP, Alfindee MN, Shepherd T, Chang CWT. An Alternative and Facile Synthetic Approach for the Precursors of 3- and 6-Aminosugar Donors and Study of One-pot Glycosyltrasferation. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uddav Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-300, USA
| | - Yagya Prasad Subedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-300, USA
| | - Madher N. Alfindee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-300, USA
| | - Taylor Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-300, USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-300, USA
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4
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Subedi YP, Pandey U, Alfindee MN, Montgomery H, Roberts P, Wight J, Nichols G, Grilley M, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Scalable and cost-effective tosylation-mediated synthesis of antifungal and fungal diagnostic 6″-Modified amphiphilic kanamycins. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 182:111639. [PMID: 31470306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic kanamycins bearing hydrophobic modifications at the 6″ position have attracted interest due to remarkable antibacterial-to-antifungal switches in bioactivity. In this report, we investigate a hurdle that hinders practical applications of these amphiphilic kanamycins: a cost-effective synthesis that allows the incorporation of various connecting functionalities to which the hydrophobic moieties are connected to the kanamycin core. A cost-effective tosylation enables various modifications at the 6″ position, which is scalable to a 90-g scale. The connecting functionalities, such as amine and thiol, were not the dominant factor for biological activity. Instead, the linear chain length played the decisive role. Amphiphilic kanamycin attached with tetradecyl (C14) or hexadecyl (C16) showed strong antifungal and modest antibacterial activities than with shorter chains (C6-C10). However, increases in chain length were closely correlated with an increase in HeLa cell toxicity. Thus, a compromise between the antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicities, for optimal efficacy of amphiphilic kanamycins may contain chain lengths between C8 and C12. Finally, the described synthetic protocol also allows the preparation of a fluorescent amphiphilic kanamycin selective toward fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagya Prasad Subedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Uddav Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Madher N Alfindee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Heath Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Paul Roberts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wight
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Gavin Nichols
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA
| | - Michell Grilley
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-5305, USA
| | - Jon Y Takemoto
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-5305, USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-0300, USA.
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5
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Abstract
Development of new antibiotics is always needed in the fight against growing threat from multiple drug-resistant bacteria, such as resistant Gram-negative (G-) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. While the development of broad-spectrum antibiotics has attracted great attention, careful administration of these antibiotics is important to avoid adverse effects, like Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, for example, quinolones, can increase the risk of CDI by eradicating the protective bacteria in intestine and encouraging C difficile spore germination. Many common intestine bacteria are G- or anaerobic, including Enterococcus faecalis, Bacteroides fragilis, and E coli. Hence, it may be advantageous in certain therapeutic practices to employ selective antimicrobials. For instance, Gram-positive (G+) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that can cause life-threatening sepsis can be controlled with the use of selective antibiotic, vancomycin. Nevertheless, its effectiveness has been limited with the emerging of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA). A recent report on antimicrobial cationic anthraquinone analogs (CAAs) that show tunable activity and selectivity may provide new hope in the search for selective antimicrobials. In particular, the lead CAA displays prominent activity against MRSA while manifesting low activity against E coli and low cytotoxicity toward normal mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagya Prasad Subedi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
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6
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Subedi YP, Roberts P, Grilley M, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Development of Fungal Selective Amphiphilic Kanamycin: Cost-Effective Synthesis and Use of Fluorescent Analogs for Mode of Action Investigation. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:473-483. [PMID: 30674192 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic aminoglycosides have attracted interest due to their novel antifungal activities. A crucial but often neglected factor for drug development in academia is cost of production. Herein is reported a one-step, inexpensive synthesis of amphiphilic alkyl kanamycins constituted with only natural components. The synthetic methodology also enabled the preparation of a series fluorescent amphiphilic aryl kanamycins for direct structure-activity mode of action studies. The lead compounds showed prominent antifungal activities against a panel of fungi, including Fusarium graminearum, Cryptococcus neoformans, and several Candida sp., and also significant antibacterial activities. With fluorescence-based whole cell assays, the aryl amphiphilic kanamycins were observed to permeabilize fungal surface membranes at faster rates than bacterial surface membranes. Also, the antifungal action of the amphiphilic kanamycins was observed to occur in a biphasic mode with an initial fast phase correlated with rapid membrane permeabilization at subminimal inhibitory concentrations and a slower phase membrane permeabilization that elevates the reactive oxygen species production leading to cell death. Inactive hydrophobic amphiphilic kanamycins displayed no membrane permeabilization. The results offer cost-effective methods for producing amphiphilic kanamycins and reveal insights into how nonfungal specific amphiphilic kanamycins can be employed for fungal specific diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagya Prasad Subedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Paul Roberts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Michelle Grilley
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Jon Y. Takemoto
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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7
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Subedi YP, Alfindee MN, Shrestha JP, Becker G, Grilley M, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Synthesis and biological activity investigation of azole and quinone hybridized phosphonates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3034-3037. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Subedi YP, AlFindee MN, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Antifungal amphiphilic kanamycins: new life for an old drug. Medchemcomm 2018; 9:909-919. [PMID: 30108980 PMCID: PMC6071784 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Classical aminoglycoside antibiotics are obsolete or hampered by the emergence of drug resistant bacteria. Recent discoveries of antifungal amphiphilic kanamycins offer new strategies for reviving and repurposing these old drugs. A simple structural modification turns the clinically obsolete antibacterial kanamycin into an antifungal agent. Structure-activity relationship studies have led to the production of K20, an antifungal kanamycin that can be mass-produced for uses in agriculture as well as in animals. This review delineates the path to the discovery of K20 and other related antifungal amphiphilic kanamycins, determination of its mode of action, and findings in greenhouse and field trials with K20 that could lead to crop disease protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagya Prasad Subedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , USA .
| | - Madher N AlFindee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , USA .
| | - Jon Y Takemoto
- Department of Biology , Utah State University , 5305 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-5305 , USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Utah State University , 0300 Old Main Hill , Logan , Utah 84322-0300 , USA .
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9
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Shrestha JP, Baker C, Kawasaki Y, Subedi YP, Vincent de Paul NN, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Synthesis and bioactivity investigation of quinone-based dimeric cationic triazolium amphiphiles selective against resistant fungal and bacterial pathogens. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:696-704. [PMID: 27951483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of synthetic dimeric cationic anthraquinone analogs (CAAs) with potent antimicrobial activities against a broad range of fungi and bacteria were developed. These compounds were prepared in 2-3 steps with high overall yield and possess alkyl chain, azole, quinone, and quaternary ammonium complexes (QACs). In vitro biological evaluations reveal prominent inhibitory activities of lead compounds against several drug-susceptible and drug-resistant fungal and bacterial strains, including MRSA, VRE, Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. Mode of action investigation reveals that the synthesized dimeric CAA's can disrupt the membrane integrity of fungi. Computational studies reveal possible designs that can revive the activity of QACs against drug-resistant bacteria. Cytotoxicity assays in SKOV-3, a cancer cell line, show that the lead compounds are selectively toxic to fungi and bacteria over human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya P Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA
| | - Coleman Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA
| | - Yukie Kawasaki
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA
| | - Yagya P Subedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA
| | | | - Jon Y Takemoto
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA.
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10
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Zhang Q, Alfindee MN, Shrestha JP, Nziko VDPN, Kawasaki Y, Peng X, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Divergent Synthesis of Three Classes of Antifungal Amphiphilic Kanamycin Derivatives. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10651-10663. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Madher N. Alfindee
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Jaya P. Shrestha
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Vincent de Paul Nzuwah Nziko
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Yukie Kawasaki
- Department
of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Xinrui Peng
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Jon Y. Takemoto
- Department
of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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Sun L, Wang S, Zhang S, Shao L, Zhang Q, Skidmore C, Chang CWT, Yu D, Zhan J. Characterization of Three Tailoring Enzymes in Dutomycin Biosynthesis and Generation of a Potent Antibacterial Analogue. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1992-2001. [PMID: 27195476 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The anthracycline natural product dutomycin and its precursor POK-MD1 were isolated from Streptomyces minoensis NRRL B-5482. The dutomycin biosynthetic gene cluster was identified by genome sequencing and disruption of the ketosynthase gene. Two polyketide synthase (PKS) systems are present in the gene cluster, including a type II PKS and a rare highly reducing iterative type I PKS. The type I PKS DutG repeatedly uses its active sites to create a nine-carbon triketide chain that is subsequently transferred to the α-l-axenose moiety of POK-MD1 at 4″-OH to yield dutomycin. Using a heterologous recombination approach, we disrupted a putative methyltransferase gene (dutMT1) and two glycosyltransferase genes (dutGT1 and dutGT2). Analysis of the metabolites of these mutants revealed the functions of these genes and yielded three dutomycin analogues SW140, SW91, and SW75. The major product SW91 in Streptomyces minoensis NRRL B-5482-ΔDutMT1 was identified as 12-desmethyl-dutomycin, suggesting that DutMT1 is the dedicated 12-methyltransferase. This was confirmed by the in vitro enzymatic assay. DutGT1 and DutGT2 were found to be responsible for the introduction of β-d-amicetose and α-l-axenose, respectively. Dutomycin and SW91 showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus, whereas POK-MD1 and SW75 had no obvious inhibition, which revealed the essential role of the C-4″ triketide chain in antibacterial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration of SW91 against the two strains was 0.125 μg mL(-1), lower than that of dutomycin (0.25 μg mL(-1)), indicating that the antibacterial activity of dutomycin can be improved through biosynthetic structural modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
| | - Lei Shao
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Chad Skidmore
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old
Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Dayu Yu
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biological Engineering, College of Chemical
Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin, Jilin 132012, China
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, United States
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
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Fosso M, AlFindee MN, Zhang Q, Nziko VDPN, Kawasaki Y, Shrestha SK, Bearss J, Gregory R, Takemoto JY, Chang CWT. Structure-activity relationships for antibacterial to antifungal conversion of kanamycin to amphiphilic analogues. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4398-411. [PMID: 25826012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel fungicides are urgently needed. It was recently reported that the attachment of an octyl group at the O-4″ position of kanamycin B converts this antibacterial aminoglycoside into a novel antifungal agent. To elucidate the structure-activity relationship (SAR) for this phenomenon, a lead compound FG03 with a hydroxyl group replacing the 3″-NH2 group of kanamycin B was synthesized. FG03's antifungal activity and synthetic scheme inspired the synthesis of a library of kanamycin B analogues alkylated at various hydroxyl groups. SAR studies of the library revealed that for antifungal activity the O-4″ position is the optimal site for attaching a linear alkyl chain and that the 3″-NH2 and 6″-OH groups of the kanamycin B parent molecule are not essential for antifungal activity. The discovery of lead compound, FG03, is an example of reviving clinically obsolete drugs like kanamycin by simple chemical modification and an alternative strategy for discovering novel antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fosso
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Madher N AlFindee
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Vincent de Paul Nzuwah Nziko
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Yukie Kawasaki
- ‡Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Sanjib K Shrestha
- ‡Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Jeremiah Bearss
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Rylee Gregory
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Jon Y Takemoto
- ‡Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-5305, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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13
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Zhang S, Wang S, Zhang Q, Chang CWT, Zhan J. Three new fusidic acid derivatives and their antibacterial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1920-4. [PMID: 25824664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two steroid acids, cephalosporin P1 and isocephalosporin P1, were isolated from Hapsidospora irregularis FERM BP-2511. These compounds are structurally related to fusidic acid. Their NMR data were completely assigned on the basis of the 2D NMR spectra. Incubation of these two compounds with Microbacterium oxydans CGMCC 1788 in Luria-Bertani broth yielded the same set of three new 3-dehydrogenated products, 3-keto-isocephalosporin P1, 3-keto-cephalosporin P1 and 6-deacetyl-3-keto-cephalosporin P1. The final pH of the bacterial culture was 9.0. Incubation of 3-keto-isocephalosporin P1 or 3-keto-cephalosporin P1 in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) revealed that these two compounds can convert to each other by shifting the acetyl group between C-6 and C-7. The acetyl group at C-6 or C-7 can also be removed by hydrolysis to yield the minor product 6-deacetyl-3-keto-cephalosporin P1. These fusidic acid derivatives were tested for the antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. 3-Keto-cephalosporin P1 showed the highest activity among the five compounds, with a minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/mL, which is more potent than the substrate cephalosporin P1. Both cephalosporin P1 and 3-keto-cephalosporin P1 were active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, with the same MIC of 8 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
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Zhang Q, Chang CWT. Divergent and facile Lewis acid-mediated synthesis of N-alkyl 2-aminomethylene-1,3-indanediones and 2-alkylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Shrestha JP, Subedi YP, Chen L, Chang CWT. A mode of action study of cationic anthraquinone analogs: a new class of highly potent anticancer agents. Med Chem Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00314h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported the synthesis and structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of a series of novel 4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazol-3-ium salts, which had very potent anti-proliferative activities (low μM to nM GI50) against a broad range of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya P. Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
| | | | - Liaohai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Utah State University
- Logan
- USA
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Lee ST, Welch KD, Panter KE, Gardner DR, Garrossian M, Chang CWT. Cyclopamine: from cyclops lambs to cancer treatment. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:7355-7362. [PMID: 24754790 DOI: 10.1021/jf5005622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the late 1960s, the steroidal alkaloid cyclopamine was isolated from the plant Veratrum californicum and identified as the teratogen responsible for craniofacial birth defects including cyclops in the offspring of sheep grazing on mountain ranges in the western United States. Cyclopamine was found to inhibit the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in embryonic development. More recently, aberrant Hh signaling has been implicated in several types of cancer. Thus, inhibitors of the Hh signaling pathway, including cyclopamine derivatives, have been targeted as potential treatments for certain cancers and other diseases associated with the Hh signaling pathway. A brief history of cyclopamine and cyclopamine derivatives investigated for the treatment of cancer is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Lee
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, Utah 84341, United States
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Zhang Q, Shrestha JP, Chang CWT. Synthesis of bioactive 1-alkyl-1H-naphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazole-4,9-diones and N-aryl-2-aminomethylene-1,3-indanediones using water as the solvent. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.01.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Shrestha JP, Chang CWT. Safe and easy route for the synthesis of 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3-triazolium salt and investigation of its anticancer activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:5909-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ito T, Chen D, Chang CWT, Kenmochi T, Saito T, Suzuki S, Takemoto JY. Mesobiliverdin IXα Enhances Rat Pancreatic Islet Yield and Function. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:50. [PMID: 23630498 PMCID: PMC3633165 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to produce mesobiliverdin IXα, an analog of anti-inflammatory biliverdin IXα, and to test its ability to enhance rat pancreatic islet yield for allograft transplantation into diabetic recipients. Mesobiliverdin IXα was synthesized from phycocyanobilin derived from cyanobacteria, and its identity and purity were analyzed by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Mesobiliverdin IXα was a substrate for human NADPH biliverdin reductase. Excised Lewis rat pancreata infused with mesobiliverdin IXα and biliverdin IXα-HCl (1-100 μM) yielded islet equivalents as high as 86.7 and 36.5%, respectively, above those from non-treated controls, and the islets showed a high degree of viability based on dithizone staining. When transplanted into livers of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, islets from pancreata infused with mesobiliverdin IXα lowered non-fasting blood glucose (BG) levels in 55.6% of the recipients and in 22.2% of control recipients. In intravenous glucose tolerance tests, fasting BG levels of 56 post-operative day recipients with islets from mesobiliverdin IXα infused pancreata were lower than those for controls and showed responses that indicate recovery of insulin-dependent function. In conclusion, mesobiliverdin IXα infusion of pancreata enhanced yields of functional islets capable of reversing insulin dysfunction in diabetic recipients. Since its production is scalable, mesobiliverdin IXα has clinical potential as a protectant of pancreatic islets for allograft transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihei Ito
- Department of Organ Transplant Surgery, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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20
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Lee ST, Green BT, Welch KD, Jordan GT, Zhang Q, Panter KE, Hughes D, Chang CWT, Pfister JA, Gardner DR. Stereoselective Potencies and Relative Toxicities of γ-Coniceine and N-Methylconiine Enantiomers. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:616-21. [DOI: 10.1021/tx400050r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Lee
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341,
United States
| | - Benedict T. Green
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341,
United States
| | - Kevin D. Welch
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341,
United States
| | - Glenn T. Jordan
- Cincinnati Hills Christian Academy, 11525 Snider Road, Cincinnati, Ohio
45249, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah
84322-0300, United States
| | - Kip E. Panter
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341,
United States
| | - David Hughes
- Cincinnati Hills Christian Academy, 11525 Snider Road, Cincinnati, Ohio
45249, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah
84322-0300, United States
| | - James A. Pfister
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341,
United States
| | - Dale R. Gardner
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory,
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, Utah 84341,
United States
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Mattis VB, Tom Chang CW, Lorson CL. Analysis of a read-through promoting compound in a severe mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Neurosci Lett 2012; 525:72-5. [PMID: 22819971 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the leading genetic cause of infantile death and caused by the loss of functional Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1). The remaining copy gene, SMN2, is unable to rescue from disease because the primary gene product lacks the final coding exon, exon 7, due to an alternative splicing event. While SMNΔ7 is a rapidly degraded protein, exon 7 is not specifically required in a sequence-specific manner to confer increased functionality to this truncated protein. Based upon this molecular observation, aminoglycosides have been examined to artificially elongate the C-terminus of SMNΔ7 by "read-through" of the stop codon. An SMNΔ7 read-through event benefits intermediate mouse models of SMA. Here we demonstrate that delivery of a read-through inducing compound directly to the CNS can partially lessen the severity of a severe model of SMA (Smn(-/-); SMN2(+/+)), albeit not to the extent seen in the less severe model. This further demonstrates the utility of read-through inducing compounds in SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia B Mattis
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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Lee ST, Panter KE, Gardner DR, Green BT, Welch KD, Zhang J, Chang CWT. Development of a monoclonal antibody-based ELISA for the hedgehog inhibitors cyclopamine and KAAD-cyclopamine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 66:282-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fosso MY, Chan KY, Gregory R, Chang CWT. Library synthesis and antibacterial investigation of cationic anthraquinone analogs. ACS Comb Sci 2012; 14:231-5. [PMID: 22324350 DOI: 10.1021/co2002075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the parallel synthesis of a series of novel 4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazol-3-ium chloride salts, which are analogs to cationic anthraquinones. Three synthetic protocols were examined leading to a convenient and facile library synthesis of the cationic anthraquinone analogs that contain double alkyl chains of various lengths (C(2)-C(12)) at N-1 and N-3 positions. The antibacterial activities of these compounds were evaluated against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activities of these compounds were expected to be associated with the structural features of naphthoquinone, cation and lypophilic alkyl chain and, interestingly, they showed much higher levels of antibacterial activities against G+ than G- bacteria. In addition, when the total number of carbon atoms of the alkyl groups at both N-1 and N-3 positions lies between 9 and 18, the bactericidal activity against S. aureus increased with increasing alkyl chain length at both N-atoms with MIC ≤ 1 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Y. Fosso
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah
84322-0300, United States
| | - Ka Yee Chan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah
84322-0300, United States
| | - Rylee Gregory
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah
84322-0300, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah
84322-0300, United States
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Chan KY, Zhang J, Chang CWT. Mode of action investigation for the antibacterial cationic anthraquinone analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6353-6. [PMID: 21937226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Reported previously by our group, we have developed a novel class of antibacterial cationic anthraquinone analogs with superb potency (MIC <1μg/mL) against Gram positive (G+) pathogens including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, most of these compounds only manifest modest antibacterial activity against Gram negative (G-) bacteria. Further investigation on the antibacterial mode of action using fluorogenic dyes reveals that these compounds exert two different modes of action that account for the difference in their antibacterial profile. It was found that most of the compounds exert their antibacterial activity by disrupting the redox processes of bacteria. At high concentration, these compounds can also act as membrane disrupting agents. This information can help to design new therapeutics against various bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yee Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 0300, USA
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Zhang J, Litke A, Keller K, Rai R, Chang CWT. Synthesis of novel aminoglycosides via allylic azide rearrangement for investigating the significance of 2′-amino group. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1396-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhang J, Keller K, Takemoto JY, Bensaci M, Litke A, Czyryca PG, Chang CWT. Synthesis and combinational antibacterial study of 5''-modified neomycin. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2009; 62:539-44. [PMID: 19629142 PMCID: PMC2783947 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2009.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A library of 5″-modified neomycin derivatives were synthesized for an antibacterial structure-activity optimization strategy. Two leads exhibited prominent activity against both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Antibacterial activities were measured when combined with other clinically used antibiotics. Significant synergistic activities were observed which may lead to the development of novel therapeutic practices in the battle against infectious bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA
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Abstract
An innovative approach for manipulating glycosyltransferase-catalyzed glycosylation has now been developed (Truman et al.). Created using a domain-swapping strategy, these chimeric glycotransferases have predictable substrate specificity and may lead to the breakthrough developments in the preparation of carbohydrate-containing molecules of biological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
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Zhang J, Chiang FI, Wu L, Czyryca PG, Li D, Chang CWT. Surprising alteration of antibacterial activity of 5"-modified neomycin against resistant bacteria. J Med Chem 2009; 51:7563-73. [PMID: 19012394 DOI: 10.1021/jm800997s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthetic protocol for the production of neomycin B derivatives with various modifications at the 5'' position has been developed. The structural activity relationship (SAR) against aminoglycoside resistant bacteria equipped with various aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) was investigated. Enzymatic and molecular modeling studies reveal that the superb substrate promiscuity of AMEs allows the resistant bacteria to cope with diverse structural modifications despite the observation that several derivatives show enhanced antibacterial activity compared to the parent neomycin. Surprisingly, when testing synthetic neomycin derivatives against other human pathogens, two leads exhibit prominent activity against both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) that are known to exert a high level of resistance against clinically used aminoglycosides. These findings can be extremely useful in developing new aminoglycoside antibiotics against resistant bacteria. Our result also suggests that new biological and antimicrobial activities can be obtained by chemical modifications of old drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
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Lee ST, Gardner DR, Chang CWT, Panter KE, Molyneux RJ. Separation and measurement of plant alkaloid enantiomers by RP-HPLC analysis of their Fmoc-Alanine analogs. Phytochem Anal 2008; 19:395-402. [PMID: 18438757 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ammodendrine (1), anabasine (2) and coniine (3) can cause congenital malformations in livestock. They appear naturally in both enantiomeric forms, and can cause variable physiological responses. A method to measure the enantiomeric ratio of these natural toxins is needed. OBJECTIVE To develop a simple and economical method in order to determine the enantiomeric ratios of piperidine and pyrrolidine alkaloids in small samples of plant material. METHODOLOGY Mixtures of isolated or purified plant alkaloids were converted to their Fmoc-L-Ala-alkaloid analogues forming diastereomeric mixtures, which were then analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) and ultraviolet (UV) detection to determine enantiomeric ratios. RESULTS The diastereomeric analogs for ammodendrine, anabasine and nornicotine could be separated and the enantiomeric ratios determined. The Fmoc-L-Ala-coniine analogue was not resolved under the HPLC conditions studied. The enantiomeric ratios of the selected plant alkaloids were measured and found to differ between both location within a species and location between species. CONCLUSION A low-cost HPLC method to analyse the enantiomeric ratio of plant alkaloids containing primary or secondary amine nitrogens via conversion to their respective diastereomeric analogues has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Lee
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA.
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Li J, Chiang FI, Chen HN, Chang CWT. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of pyranmycin derivatives with N-1 and O-6 modifications. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:7711-9. [PMID: 17870543 PMCID: PMC2692305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Revised: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Continuing from our ongoing effort in modifying aminoglycoside antibiotics with the goal of counteracting drug resistant bacteria, we have further derivatized pyranmycin, a neomycin class aminoglycoside antibiotic, with modifications at O-6 and N-1 positions. The revealed SAR results demonstrated that the antibacterial activity of pyranmycin can be modulated by different acylic substituents at O-6. Among these results, the 6-O-aminoethyl derivative, JT050, showed effective activity against resistant strain Escherichia coli (pTZ19U-3) and E. coli (pSF815), which provides insight into further structural modifications.
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Abstract
Using sonication as a means of facilitating organic reactions in carbohydrate chemistry was explored under the conditions used for traditional organic synthesis. An array of representative reactions, including hydroxy group manipulation (acylation, protection/deprotection, acyl group migration), thioglycoside synthesis, azidoglycoside synthesis, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and reductive cleavage of benzylidene, commonly used in the synthesis of carbohydrate derivatives was examined. A series of glycosylation reactions that employ thioglycosides, glycosyl trichloroacetimidate, glycosyl bromide and glycosyl acetate as the glycosyl donors was also examined. Our results demonstrate that sonication can significantly shorten the reaction time, enhance the reactivity of reactant and lead to superior yield and excellent stereoselectivity. More importantly, a general protocol of glycosylation may finally be developed. Sonication is compatible to the conditions used for traditional organic synthesis. We believe that sonication can also be applied to other areas of synthetic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglou Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA
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Li J, Chiang FI, Chen HN, Chang CWT. Investigation of the regioselectivity for the staudinger reaction and its application for the synthesis of aminoglycosides with N-1 modification. J Org Chem 2007; 72:4055-66. [PMID: 17465564 PMCID: PMC2553255 DOI: 10.1021/jo062588j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The criteria for controlling the regioselectivity of Staudinger reduction of azides have been investigated. These findings enable a convenient direct N-1 modification of the perazidoneamine and perazidoribostamycin resulting in the synthesis of aminoglycoside antibiotics with activity against drug-resistant bacteria.
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Zhang J, Chen HN, Chiang FI, Takemoto JY, Bensaci M, Chang CWT. Sonication-Assisted Library Synthesis of Oxazolidinone−Carbohydrate Conjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 9:17-9. [PMID: 17206828 DOI: 10.1021/cc060146f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Lee ST, Wildeboer K, Panter KE, Kem WR, Gardner DR, Molyneux RJ, Chang CWT, Soti F, Pfister JA. Relative toxicities and neuromuscular nicotinic receptor agonistic potencies of anabasine enantiomers and anabaseine. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2006; 28:220-8. [PMID: 16488116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2005] [Revised: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anabasine occurring in wild tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) and anabaseine occurring in certain animal venoms are nicotinic receptor agonist toxins. Anabasine lacks the imine double bond of anabaseine; the two possible enantiomers of anabasine occur in N. glauca. A comparision of the relative potencies of S- and R-anabasine has not been previously reported. We separated the enantiomers of anabasine by reaction of the racemic N. glauca natural product with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-alanine (Fmoc-L-Ala-OH) to give diastereomers, which were separated by preparative reversed phase HPLC. The S- and R-anabasine enantiomer fractions were then obtained by Edman degradation. A mouse bioassay was used to determine the relative lethalities of S- and R-enriched anabasine enantiomers. The intravenous LD50 of the (+)-R-anabasine rich fraction was 11 +/- 1.0 mg/kg and that of the (-)-S-anabasine-rich fraction was 16 +/- 1.0 mg/kg. The LD50 of anabaseine was 0.58 +/- 0.05 mg/kg. Anabaseine was significantly more toxic in the mouse bioassay than S-anabasine (27-fold) and R-anabasine (18-fold). The relative agonistic potencies of these three alkaloids on human fetal nicotinic neuromuscular receptors were of the same rank order: anabaseine>>R-anabasine>S-anabasine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Lee
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA.
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Abstract
A novel broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic, pyrankacin, has been prepared. In addition to the synthetic innovation in dideoxygenation and regioselective Staudinger reduction, we have obtained prominent antibacterial activity against several clinically important pathogens in the course of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Rai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Chang CWT, Deng S. Cesium Trifluoroacetate or Silver Oxide Mediated Acyl Migration for the Construction of Disaccharide Building Blocks. Synlett 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-933105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wang J, Li J, Chen HN, Chang H, Tanifum CT, Liu HH, Czyryca PG, Chang CWT. Glycodiversification for the Optimization of the Kanamycin Class Aminoglycosides. J Med Chem 2005; 48:6271-85. [PMID: 16190754 DOI: 10.1021/jm050368c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to optimize the antibacterial activity of kanamycin class aminoglycoside antibiotics, we have accomplished the synthesis and antibacterial assay of new kanamycin B analogues. A rationale-based glycodiversification strategy was employed. The activity of the lead is comparable to that of commercially available kanamycin. These new members, however, were found to be inactive against aminoglycoside resistant bacteria. Molecular modeling was used to provide the explanation. Thus, a new strategy for structural modifications of kanamycin class aminoglycosides is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Li J, Chen HN, Chang H, Wang J, Chang CWT. Tuning the Regioselectivity of the Staudinger Reaction for the Facile Synthesis of Kanamycin and Neomycin Class Antibiotics with N-1 Modification. Org Lett 2005; 7:3061-4. [PMID: 15987205 DOI: 10.1021/ol051045d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A novel method for achieving the desired regioselective reduction of the N-1 azido group on a tetraazidoneamine has been developed that leads to the synthesis of both kanamycin and neomycin class antibiotics bearing N-1 modification. Both classes of aminoglycosides are active against aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria carrying APH(3')-I and AAC(6')/APH(2'').
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, 84322-0300, USA
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Wang J, Elchert B, Hui Y, Takemoto JY, Bensaci M, Wennergren J, Chang H, Rai R, Chang CWT. Synthesis of trehalose-based compounds and their inhibitory activities against Mycobacterium smegmatis. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:6397-413. [PMID: 15556758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2004] [Revised: 09/17/2004] [Accepted: 09/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a library of trehalose-based compounds has been accomplished, and their activities against Mycobacterium smegmatis have been determined. A preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) is reported. Despite not having a potent lead, one of the trehalose derivatives displays strong activity when applied with isoniazid (INH), which is known to have low sterilizing activity. The bacteriocidal nature of our compounds against Mycobacterium may be significant for the development of new therapies against tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322-0300, USA
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Lee ST, Molyneux RJ, Panter KE, Chang CWT, Gardner DR, Pfister JA, Garrossian M. Ammodendrine and N-methylammodendrine enantiomers: isolation, optical rotation, and toxicity. J Nat Prod 2005; 68:681-5. [PMID: 15921409 DOI: 10.1021/np0580199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Ammodendrine (1) was found to occur as a mixture of enantiomers in two different collections of plants identified as Lupinus formosus. The ammodendrine fraction was reacted in a peptide coupling reaction with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-L-alanine (Fmoc-L-Ala-OH) to give diastereomers, which were separated by preparative HPLC. The pure D- and L-ammodendrine enantiomers were then obtained by Edman degradation. Optical rotation measurements revealed that the D- and L-enantiomers had optical rotations of [alpha]24D +5.4 and -5.7, respectively. D- and L-N-methylammodendrine enantiomers were synthesized from the corresponding ammodendrine enantiomers, and their optical rotations established as [alpha]23D +62.4 and -59.0, respectively. A mouse bioassay was used to determine the difference in toxicity between these two pairs of naturally occurring enantiomers. The LD50 of (+)-D-ammodendrine in mice was determined to be 94.1 +/- 7 mg/kg and that of (-)-L-ammodendrine as 115.0 +/- 7 mg/kg. The LD50 of (+)-D-N-methylammodendrine in mice was estimated to be 56.3 mg/kg, while that of (-)-L-N-methylammodendrine was determined to be 63.4 +/- 5 mg/kg. These results establish the rotation values for pure ammodendrine and N-methylammodendrine and indicate that there is little difference in acute murine toxicity between the respective enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Lee
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 East, 1400 North, Logan, Utah 84341, USA.
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Li J, Wang J, Czyryca PG, Chang H, Orsak TW, Evanson R, Chang CWT. Application of glycodiversification: expedient synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of a library of kanamycin B analogues. Org Lett 2004; 6:1381-4. [PMID: 15101747 DOI: 10.1021/ol0497685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The expedient synthesis of a library of kanamycin B analogues is reported. The revealed SAR will guide future designs in developing kanamycin-type aminoglycoside antibiotics against drug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Wang J, Li J, Czyryca PG, Chang H, Kao J, Chang CWT. Synthesis of an unusual branched-chain sugar, 5-C-methyl-l-idopyranose for SAR studies of pyranmycins: implication for the future design of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:4389-93. [PMID: 15357959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2004] [Revised: 06/19/2004] [Accepted: 06/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of a challenging branched-chain sugar and several L-sugars have been accomplished. Their application in studies of the antibacterial activity of pyranmycins is reported, which could provide new strategies for the future design of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan 84322-0300, USA
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Elchert B, Li J, Wang J, Hui Y, Rai R, Ptak R, Ward P, Takemoto JY, Bensaci M, Chang CWT. Application of the synthetic aminosugars for glycodiversification: synthesis and antimicrobial studies of pyranmycin. J Org Chem 2004; 69:1513-23. [PMID: 14987005 DOI: 10.1021/jo035290r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A divergent approach was employed for the synthesis of aminosugars, from which a novel library of aminoglycoside antibiotics (pyranmycins) was synthesized. Pyranmycins have comparable antibacterial activity as neomycin, a clinically used aminoglycoside antibiotic, against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Mycobacterium smegmatis. In addition, pyranmycins, like streptomycin, are bacteriocidal while isoniazid (INH) is bacteriostatic. Therefore, pyranmycins may provide new therapeutic options in the treatment against tuberculosis. Several members of pyranmycins also manifest modest anti-Tat and anti-Rev activities, which may aid in the development of new anti-HIV agents. Although the antibacterial activity of pyranmycins against aminoglycoside resistant bacteria is less than expected, the synthetic methodologies of utilizing a library of aminosugars can be a model for future studies of glycodiversification or glycorandomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Elchert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Continuing from the syntheses and the antibacterial studies of a library of pyranmycins, we further probed the proximity around ring III of pyranmycin by introducing an "extended arm" that has hydroxyethyl or aminoethyl groups at the O-2' ', O-3' ', or O-4' ' positions. The results from the antibacterial studies reveal the optimal structural motif is the attachment of an extended arm with a terminal hydroxyl group at the O-3' ' position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
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Chang CWT, Hui Y, Elchert B, Wang J, Li J, Rai R. Pyranmycins, a novel class of aminoglycosides with improved acid stability: the SAR of D-pyranoses on ring III of pyranmycin. Org Lett 2002; 4:4603-6. [PMID: 12489940 DOI: 10.1021/ol0269042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The synthesis of a novel class of aminoglycosides, pyranmycins, is reported along with the structure activity relationship (SAR) of their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Two pyranmycins show prominent activity (9 microM). Pyranmycins also manifest superior stability in acidic media. The SAR information will lead to the future designs of pyranmycin against drug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA.
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