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J White MP, Stevenson A, Elasifer H, Davies C, Nomikou K, Cuschieri K, Graham SV. Integrity of RNA in long-term-stored cervical liquid-based cytology samples: implications for biomarker research. Biotechniques 2024. [PMID: 38690744 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2023-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Biobanks of cervical screening (LBC) samples annotated with disease status are an invaluable resource to support the development of tools for the risk stratification of disease. Although there is growing interest in the assessment of RNA-based biomarkers, little is known on the suitability and durability of stored clinical samples (commonly used in cervical screening) to support RNA-based research. RNA was extracted from 260 stored LBC samples. Storage at -80°C or -25°C allowed isolation of sufficient RNA for further analysis. RNA was found to be substantially degraded according to Agilent Bioanalyser data. Despite this, RT-qPCR was successful in 95% samples tested. These data suggest that biobanked LBC samples are suitable for RNA-based assessment even if stored for up to 14 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine P J White
- Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Current address: Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Newtown, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Stevenson
- Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hana Elasifer
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris Davies
- Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kyriaki Nomikou
- Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sheila V Graham
- Centre for Virus Research, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Barry SM, Davies G, Barry TD, Evans J, Backx M, Brouns M, Mughal A, Kelly S, Collier G, Ambalavanan S, Davies C, Sharp H, Lloyd P, Hester Y, Murray N, Goddard K, Johnstone L, Parry J, Davies O, Williams R, Ahern G, Smith J. Outcomes from a national screening program for Ukrainian refugees at risk of drug resistant tuberculosis in Wales. Thorax 2023; 79:86-89. [PMID: 37344177 PMCID: PMC10804008 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-220161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
High rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Ukraine suggest screening is necessary to mitigate public health hazards for host populations. A pathway was implemented in Wales and data prospectively collected Between 8 April and 21 December 2022. Of 5425 Ukrainian arrivals, notifications were received by TB teams on 2395 (44%) of whom 1955 (82%) were screened. The refugees were young (median age 30, IQR 14-41), and predominantly female (66.1%). Interferon- gamma release assay (IGRA) tests were positive in 112 (6.5%). One Case of active tuberculosis was identified (0.05%). Our data supports European guidelines that routine screening of this population is not recommended, but we remain uncertain as to the risks of this population going forwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Barry
- Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale UHB, Cardiff, UK
- Respiratory Health Implementation Group, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gareth Davies
- Institute for Clinical Science and Technology, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tamas D Barry
- Division of infection and immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer Evans
- Child Health, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthijs Backx
- Infectious Disease, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mattheus Brouns
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Abergavenny, UK
| | - Ahsan Mughal
- Respiratory Medicine, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - Stephen Kelly
- Respiratory Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Wrexham, UK
| | | | | | - Chris Davies
- Institute for Clinical Science and Technology, Cardiff, UK
| | - Hannah Sharp
- Institute for Clinical Science and Technology, Cardiff, UK
| | - Pam Lloyd
- Respiratory Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Wrexham, UK
| | - Yvonne Hester
- Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - Natalie Murray
- Respiratory Medicine, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Llantrisant, UK
| | - Kelly Goddard
- Respiratory Medicine, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Carmarthen, UK
| | - Linzi Johnstone
- Respiratory Medicine, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - Jane Parry
- Respiratory Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | - Olwen Davies
- Respiratory Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | - Rhian Williams
- Respiratory Medicine, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Llantrisant, UK
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Hacker E, Baker B, Lake T, Ross C, Cox M, Davies C, Skinner SR, Booy R, Forster A. Vaccine microarray patch self-administration: An innovative approach to improve pandemic and routine vaccination rates. Vaccine 2023; 41:5925-5930. [PMID: 37643926 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The high-density microprojection array patch (HD-MAP) is a novel vaccine delivery system with potential for self-administered vaccination. HD-MAPs provide an alternative to needle and syringe (N&S) vaccination. Additional advantages could include reduced cold-chain requirements, reduced vaccine dose, reduced vaccine wastage, an alternative for needle phobic patients and elimination of needlestick injuries. The drivers and potential benefits of vaccination by self-administering HD-MAPs are high patient acceptance and preference, higher vaccination rates, speed of roll-out, cost-savings, and reduced sharps and environmental waste. The HD-MAP presents a unique approach in pandemic preparedness and routine vaccination of adults. It could alleviate strain on the healthcare workforce and allows vaccine administration by minimally-trained workers, guardian or subjects themselves. Self-vaccination using HD-MAPs could occur in vaccination hubs with supervision, at home after purchasing at the pharmacy, or direct distribution to in-home settings. As a result, it has the potential to increase vaccine coverage and expand the reach of vaccines, while also reducing labor costs associated with vaccination. Key challenges remain around shifting the paradigm from medical professionals administrating vaccines using N&S to a future of self-administration using HD-MAPs. Greater awareness of HD-MAP technology and improving our understanding of the implementation processes required for adopting this technology, are critical factors underpinning HD-MAP uptake by the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hacker
- Vaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - B Baker
- Vaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - T Lake
- Vaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - C Ross
- Vaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - M Cox
- NextWaveBio, East Haven, CT, United States
| | - C Davies
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia; Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S R Skinner
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia; Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Booy
- Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia; Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Forster
- Vaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.
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4
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Perry EN, Davies C, McCarthy P. Topical hypertonic saline as a treatment for ocular and nasal hirudiniasis in a dog. Aust Vet J 2023. [PMID: 37127402 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This case report describes ocular and nasal leech infestation (hirudiniasis) in a dog. The patient presented for a suspected ocular foreign body. The patient was sedated to allow proper examination, which revealed a leech foreign body attached to the bulbar conjunctiva adjacent to the inferotemporal limbus of the left eye. A 3.5% hypertonic saline solution was applied topically to the eye in four sequential drops, until the leech detached itself and was removed with a cotton bud. The affected eye was found to have a small corneal ulcer, a small area of scleral haemorrhage, and prominent lymphoid follicles within the third eyelid. Approximately 5 min after the leech was removed, another leech emerged from the left nostril. The patient was sent home on chloramphenicol ointment for treatment of the corneal ulcer, was rechecked 4 days later by an American Board of Veterinary Ophthalmology resident (PM) and found to have a normal ocular exam. This case report highlights that topical hypertonic saline solution (3.5%) can be an effective and easily prepared treatment for ocular and nasal hirudiniasis in veterinary patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Perry
- Northside Emergency Veterinary Service, Terrey Hills, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Davies
- Northside Emergency Veterinary Service, Terrey Hills, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pmg McCarthy
- Eye Clinic for Animals, Artarmon, New South Wales, Australia
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5
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Yao X, Vien BS, Rajic N, Rosalie C, Rose LRF, Davies C, Chiu WK. Modal Decomposition of Acoustic Emissions from Pencil-Lead Breaks in an Isotropic Thin Plate. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1988. [PMID: 36850581 PMCID: PMC9964844 DOI: 10.3390/s23041988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic emission (AE) testing and Lamb wave inspection techniques have been widely used in non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring. For thin plates, the AEs arising from structural defect development (e.g., fatigue crack propagation) propagate as Lamb waves, and Lamb wave modes can be used to provide important information about the growth and localisation of defects. However, few sensors can be used to achieve the in situ wavenumber-frequency modal decomposition of AEs. This study explores the ability of a new multi-element piezoelectric sensor array to decompose AEs excited by pencil lead breaks (PLBs) on a thin isotropic plate. In this study, AEs were generated by out-of-plane (transverse) and in-plane (longitudinal) PLBs applied at the edge of the plate, and waveforms were recorded by both the new sensor array and a commercial AE sensor. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations of PLBs were also conducted and the results were compared with the experimental results. To identify the wave modes present, the longitudinal and transverse PLB test results recorded by the new sensor array at five different plate locations were compared with FEA simulations using the same arrangement. Two-dimensional fast Fourier Transforms were then applied to the AE wavefields. It was found that the AE modal composition was dependent on the orientation of the PLB direction. The results suggest that this new sensor array can be used to identify the AE wave modes excited by PLBs in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd., Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Benjamin Steven Vien
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd., Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nik Rajic
- Defence Science and Technology Group, 506 Lorimer St., Fishermans Bend, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
| | - Cedric Rosalie
- Defence Science and Technology Group, 506 Lorimer St., Fishermans Bend, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
| | - L. R. Francis Rose
- Defence Science and Technology Group, 506 Lorimer St., Fishermans Bend, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
| | - Chris Davies
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd., Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Wing Kong Chiu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Rd., Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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6
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Nadarajah R, Ludman P, Appelman Y, Brugaletta S, Budaj A, Bueno H, Huber K, Kunadian V, Leonardi S, Lettino M, Milasinovic D, Gale CP, Budaj A, Dagres N, Danchin N, Delgado V, Emberson J, Friberg O, Gale CP, Heyndrickx G, Iung B, James S, Kappetein AP, Maggioni AP, Maniadakis N, Nagy KV, Parati G, Petronio AS, Pietila M, Prescott E, Ruschitzka F, Van de Werf F, Weidinger F, Zeymer U, Gale CP, Beleslin B, Budaj A, Chioncel O, Dagres N, Danchin N, Emberson J, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Gray A, Kayikcioglu M, Maggioni AP, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Petronio AP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Wallentin L, Zeymer U, Popescu BA, Adlam D, Caforio ALP, Capodanno D, Dweck M, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Hausleiter J, Iung B, Kayikcioglu M, Ludman P, Lund L, Maggioni AP, Matskeplishvili S, Meder B, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Neglia D, Pasquet AA, Roos-Hesselink JW, Rossello FJ, Shaheen SM, Torbica A, Gale CP, Ludman PF, Lettino M, Bueno H, Huber K, Leonardi S, Budaj A, Milasinovic (Serbia) D, Brugaletta S, Appelman Y, Kunadian V, Al Mahmeed WAR, Kzhdryan H, Dumont C, Geppert A, Bajramovic NS, Cader FA, Beauloye C, Quesada D, Hlinomaz O, Liebetrau C, Marandi T, Shokry K, Bueno H, Kovacevic M, Crnomarkovic B, Cankovic M, Dabovic D, Jarakovic M, Pantic T, Trajkovic M, Pupic L, Ruzicic D, Cvetanovic D, Mansourati J, Obradovic I, Stankovic M, Loh PH, Kong W, Poh KK, Sia CH, Saw K, Liška D, Brozmannová D, Gbur M, Gale CP, Maxian R, Kovacic D, Poznic NG, Keric T, Kotnik G, Cercek M, Steblovnik K, Sustersic M, Cercek AC, Djokic I, Maisuradze D, Drnovsek B, Lipar L, Mocilnik M, Pleskovic A, Lainscak M, Crncic D, Nikojajevic I, Tibaut M, Cigut M, Leskovar B, Sinanis T, Furlan T, Grilj V, Rezun M, Mateo VM, Anguita MJF, Bustinza ICM, Quintana RB, Cimadevilla OCF, Fuertes J, Lopez F, Dharma S, Martin MD, Martinez L, Barrabes JA, Bañeras J, Belahnech Y, Ferreira-Gonzalez I, Jordan P, Lidon RM, Mila L, Sambola A, Orvin K, Sionis A, Bragagnini W, Cambra AD, Simon C, Burdeus MV, Ariza-Solé A, Alegre O, Alsina M, Ferrando JIL, Bosch X, Sinha A, Vidal P, Izquierdo M, Marin F, Esteve-Pastor MA, Tello-Montoliu A, Lopez-Garcia C, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Gil-Pérez P, Nicolas-Franco S, Keituqwa I, Farhan HA, Silva L, Blasco A, Escudier JM, Ortega J, Zamorano JL, Sanmartin M, Pereda DC, Rincon LM, Gonzalez P, Casado T, Sadeghipour P, Lopez-Sendon JL, Manjavacas AMI, Marin LAM, Sotelo LR, Rodriguez SOR, Bueno H, Martin R, Maruri R, Moreno G, Moris C, Gudmundsdottir I, Avanzas P, Ayesta A, Junco-Vicente A, Cubero-Gallego H, Pascual I, Sola NB, Rodriguez OA, Malagon L, Martinez-Basterra J, Arizcuren AM, Indolfi C, Romero J, Calleja AG, Fuertes DG, Crespín Crespín M, Bernal FJC, Ojeda FB, Padron AL, Cabeza MM, Vargas CM, Yanes G, Kitai T, Gonzalez MJG, Gonzalez Gonzalez J, Jorge P, De La Fuente B, Bermúdez MG, Perez-Lopez CMB, Basiero AB, Ruiz AC, Pamias RF, Chamero PS, Mirrakhimov E, Hidalgo-Urbano R, Garcia-Rubira JC, Seoane-Garcia T, Arroyo-Monino DF, Ruiz AB, Sanz-Girgas E, Bonet G, Rodríguez-López J, Scardino C, De Sousa D, Gustiene O, Elbasheer E, Humida A, Mahmoud H, Mohamed A, Hamid E, Hussein S, Abdelhameed M, Ali T, Ali Y, Eltayeb M, Philippe F, Ali M, Almubarak E, Badri M, Altaher S, Alla MD, Dellborg M, Dellborg H, Hultsberg-Olsson G, Marjeh YB, Abdin A, Erglis A, Alhussein F, Mgazeel F, Hammami R, Abid L, Bahloul A, Charfeddine S, Ellouze T, Canpolat U, Oksul M, Muderrisoglu H, Popovici M, Karacaglar E, Akgun A, Ari H, Ari S, Can V, Tuncay B, Kaya H, Dursun L, Kalenderoglu K, Tasar O, Kalpak O, Kilic S, Kucukosmanoglu M, Aytekin V, Baydar O, Demirci Y, Gürsoy E, Kilic A, Yildiz Ö, Arat-Ozkan A, Sinan UY, Dagva M, Gungor B, Sekerci SS, Zeren G, Erturk M, Demir AR, Yildirim C, Can C, Kayikcioglu M, Yagmur B, Oney S, Xuereb RG, Sabanoglu C, Inanc IH, Ziyrek M, Sen T, Astarcioglu MA, Kahraman F, Utku O, Celik A, Surmeli AO, Basaran O, Ahmad WAW, Demirbag R, Besli F, Gungoren F, Ingabire P, Mondo C, Ssemanda S, Semu T, Mulla AA, Atos JS, Wajid I, Appelman Y, Al Mahmeed WAR, Atallah B, Bakr K, Garrod R, Makia F, Eldeeb F, Abdekader R, Gomaa A, Kandasamy S, Maruthanayagam R, Nadar SK, Nakad G, Nair R, Mota P, Prior P, Mcdonald S, Rand J, Schumacher N, Abraheem A, Clark M, Coulding M, Qamar N, Turner V, Negahban AQ, Crew A, Hope S, Howson J, Jones S, Lancaster N, Nicholson A, Wray G, Donnelly P, Gierlotka M, Hammond L, Hammond S, Regan S, Watkin R, Papadopoulos C, Ludman P, Hutton K, Macdonald S, Nilsson A, Roberts S, Monteiro S, Garg S, Balachandran K, Mcdonald J, Singh R, Marsden K, Davies K, Desai H, Goddard W, Iqbal N, Chalil S, Dan GA, Galasko G, Assaf O, Benham L, Brown J, Collins S, Fleming C, Glen J, Mitchell M, Preston S, Uttley A, Radovanovic M, Lindsay S, Akhtar N, Atkinson C, Vinod M, Wilson A, Clifford P, Firoozan S, Yashoman M, Bowers N, Chaplin J, Reznik EV, Harvey S, Kononen M, Lopesdesousa G, Saraiva F, Sharma S, Cruddas E, Law J, Young E, Hoye A, Harper P, Balghith M, Rowe K, Been M, Cummins H, French E, Gibson C, Abraham JA, Hobson S, Kay A, Kent M, Wilkinson A, Mohamed A, Clark S, Duncan L, Ahmed IM, Khatiwada D, Mccarrick A, Wanda I, Read P, Afsar A, Rivers V, Theobald T, Cercek M, Bell S, Buckman C, Francis R, Peters G, Stables R, Morgan M, Noorzadeh M, Taylor B, Twiss S, Widdows P, Brozmannová D, Wilkinson V, Black M, Clark A, Clarkson N, Currie J, George L, Mcgee C, Izzat L, Lewis T, Omar Z, Aytekin V, Phillips S, Ahmed F, Mackie S, Oommen A, Phillips H, Sherwood M, Aleti S, Charles T, Jose M, Kolakaluri L, Ingabire P, Karoudi RA, Deery J, Hazelton T, Knight A, Price C, Turney S, Kardos A, Williams F, Wren L, Bega G, Alyavi B, Scaletta D, Kunadian V, Cullen K, Jones S, Kirkup E, Ripley DP, Matthews IG, Mcleod A, Runnett C, Thomas HE, Cartasegna L, Gunarathne A, Burton J, King R, Quinn J, Sobolewska J, Munt S, Porter J, Christenssen V, Leng K, Peachey T, Gomez VN, Temple N, Wells K, Viswanathan G, Taneja A, Cann E, Eglinton C, Hyams B, Jones E, Reed F, Smith J, Beltrano C, Affleck DC, Turner A, Ward T, Wilmshurst N, Stirrup J, Brunton M, Whyte A, Smith S, Murray V, Walker R, Novas V, Weston C, Brown C, Collier D, Curtis K, Dixon K, Wells T, Trim F, Ghosh J, Mavuri M, Barman L, Dumont C, Elliott K, Harrison R, Mallinson J, Neale T, Smith J, Toohie J, Turnbull A, Parker E, Hossain R, Cheeseman M, Balparda H, Hill J, Hood M, Hutchinson D, Mellows K, Pendlebury C, Storey RF, Barker J, Birchall K, Denney H, Housley K, Cardona M, Middle J, Kukreja N, Gati S, Kirk P, Lynch M, Srinivasan M, Szygula J, Baker P, Cruz C, Derigay J, Cigalini C, Lamb K, Nembhard S, Price A, Mamas M, Massey I, Wain J, Delaney J, Junejo S, Martin K, Obaid D, Hoyle V, Brinkworth E, Davies C, Evans D, Richards S, Thomas C, Williams M, Dayer M, Mills H, Roberts K, Goodchild F, Dámaso ES, Greig N, Kundu S, Donaldson D, Tonks L, Beekes M, Button H, Hurford F, Motherwell N, Summers-Wall J, Felmeden D, Tapia V, Keeling P, Sheikh U, Yonis A, Felmeden L, Hughes D, Micklewright L, Summerhayes A, Sutton J, Panoulas V, Prendergast C, Poghosyan K, Rogers P, Barker LN, Batin P, Conway D, Exley D, Fletcher A, Wright J, Nageh T, Hadebe B, Kunhunny S, Mkhitaryan S, Mshengu E, Karthikeyan VJ, Hamdan H, Cooper J, Dandy C, Parkinson V, Paterson P, Reddington S, Taylor T, Tierney C, Adamyan M, Jones KV, Broadley A, Beesley K, Buckley C, Hellyer C, Pippard L, Pitt-Kerby T, Azam J, Hayes C, Freshwater K, Boyadjian S, Johnson L, Mcgill Y, Redfearn H, Russell M, Alyavi A, Alyavi B, Uzokov J, Hayrapetyan H, Azaryan K, Tadevosyan M, Poghosyan H, Kzhdryan H, Vardanyan A, Huber K, Geppert A, Ahmed A, Weidinger F, Derntl M, Hasun M, Schuh-Eiring T, Riegler L, Haq MM, Cader FA, Dewan MAM, Fatema ME, Hasan AS, Islam MM, Khandoker F, Mayedah R, Nizam SU, Azam MG, Arefin MM, Jahan J, Schelfaut D, De Raedt H, Wouters S, Aerts S, Batjoens H, Beauloye C, Dechamps M, Pierard S, Van Caenegem O, Sinnaeve F, Claeys MJ, Snepvangers M, Somers V, Gevaert S, Schaubroek H, Vervaet P, Buysse M, Renders F, Dumoulein M, Hiltrop N, De Coninck M, Naessens S, Senesael I, Hoffer E, Pourbaix S, Beckers J, Dugauquier C, Jacquet S, Malmendier D, Massoz M, Evrard P, Collard L, Brunner P, Carlier S, Blockmans M, Mayne D, Timiras E, Guédès A, Demeure F, Hanet C, Domange J, Jourdan K, Begic E, Custovic F, Dozic A, Hrvat E, Kurbasic I, Mackic D, Subo A, Durak-Nalbantic A, Dzubur A, Rebic D, Hamzic-Mehmedbasic A, Redzepovic A, Djokic-Vejzovic A, Hodzic E, Hujdur M, Musija E, Gljiva-Gogic Z, Serdarevic N, Bajramovic NS, Brigic L, Halilcevic M, Cibo M, Hadžibegic N, Kukavica N, Begic A, Iglica A, Osmanagic A, Resic N, Grgurevic MV, Zvizdic F, Pojskic B, Mujaric E, Selimovic H, Ejubovic M, Pojskic L, Stimjanin E, Sut M, Zapata PS, Munoz CG, Andrade LAF, Upegui MPT, Perez LE, Chavarria J, Quesada D, Alvarado K, Zaputovic L, Tomulic V, Gobic D, Jakljevic T, Lulic D, Bacic G, Bastiancic L, Avraamides P, Eftychiou C, Eteocleous N, Ioannou A, Lambrianidi C, Drakomathioulakis M, Groch L, Hlinomaz O, Rezek M, Semenka J, Sitar J, Beranova M, Kramarikova P, Pesl L, Sindelarova S, Tousek F, Warda HM, Ghaly I, Habiba S, Habib A, Gergis MN, Bahaa H, Samir A, Taha HSE, Adel M, Algamal HM, Mamdouh M, Shaker AF, Shokry K, Konsoah A, Mostafa AM, Ibrahim A, Imam A, Hafez B, Zahran A, Abdelhamid M, Mahmoud K, Mostafa A, Samir A, Abdrabou M, Kamal A, Sallam S, Ali A, Maghraby K, Atta AR, Saad A, Ali M, Lotman EM, Lubi R, Kaljumäe H, Uuetoa T, Kiitam U, Durier C, Ressencourt O, El Din AA, Guiatni A, Bras ML, Mougenot E, Labeque JN, Banos JL, Capendeguy O, Mansourati J, Fofana A, Augagneur M, Bahon L, Pape AL, Batias-Moreau L, Fluttaz A, Good F, Prieur F, Boiffard E, Derien AS, Drapeau I, Roy N, Perret T, Dubreuil O, Ranc S, Rio S, Bonnet JL, Bonnet G, Cuisset T, Deharo P, Mouret JP, Spychaj JC, Blondelon A, Delarche N, Decalf V, Guillard N, Hakme A, Roger MP, Biron Y, Druelles P, Loubeyre C, Lucon A, Hery P, Nejjari M, Digne F, Huchet F, Neykova A, Tzvetkov B, Larrieu M, Quaino G, Armangau P, Sauguet A, Bonfils L, Dumonteil N, Fajadet J, Farah B, Honton 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Silinskiene D, Simbelyte T, Staigyte J, Philippe F, Degrell P, Camus E, Ahmad WAW, Kassim ZA, Xuereb RG, Buttigieg LL, Camilleri W, Pllaha E, Xuereb S, Popovici M, Ivanov V, Plugaru A, Moscalu V, Popovici I, Abras M, Ciobanu L, Litvinenco N, Fuior S, Dumanschi C, Ivanov M, Danila T, Grib L, Filimon S, Cardaniuc L, Batrinac A, Tasnic M, Cozma C, Revenco V, Sorici G, Dagva M, Choijiljav G, Dandar E, Khurelbaatar MU, Tsognemekh B, Appelman Y, Den Hartog A, Kolste HJT, Van Den Buijs D, Van'T Hof A, Pustjens T, Houben V, Kasperski I, Ten Berg J, Azzahhafi J, Bor W, Yin DCP, Mbakwem A, Amadi C, Kushimo O, Kilasho M, Oronsaye E, Bakracheski N, Bashuroska EK, Mojsovska V, Tupare S, Dejan M, Jovanoska J, Razmoski D, Marinoski T, Antovski A, Jovanovski Z, Kocho S, Markovski R, Ristovski V, Samir AB, Biserka S, Kalpak O, Peovska IM, Taleska BZ, Pejkov H, Busljetik O, Zimbakov Z, Grueva E, Bojovski I, Tutic M, Poposka L, Vavlukis M, Al-Riyami A, Nadar SK, Abdelmottaleb W, Ahmed S, Mujtaba MS, Al-Mashari S, Al-Riyami H, Laghari AH, Faheem O, Ahmed SW, Qamar N, Furnaz S, Kazmi K, Saghir T, Aneel A, Asim A, Madiha F, Sobkowicz B, Tycinska A, Kazimierczyk E, Szyszkowska A, Mizia-Stec K, Wybraniec M, Bednarek A, Glowacki K, Prokopczuk J, Babinski W, Blachut A, Kosiak M, Kusinska A, Samborski S, Stachura J, Szastok H, Wester A, Bartoszewska D, Sosnowska-Pasiarska B, Krzysiek M, Legutko J, Nawrotek B, Kasprzak JD, Klosinska M, Wiklo K, Kurpesa M, Rechcinski T, Cieslik-Guerra U, Gierlotka M, Bugajski J, Feusette P, Sacha J, Przybylo P, Krzesinski P, Ryczek R, Karasek A, Kazmierczak-Dziuk A, Mielniczuk M, Betkier-Lipinska K, Roik M, Labyk A, Krakowian M, Machowski M, Paczynska M, Potepa M, Pruszczyk P, Budaj A, Ambroziak M, Omelanczuk-Wiech E, Torun A, Opolski G, Glowczynska R, Fojt A, Kowalik R, Huczek Z, Jedrzejczyk S, Roleder T, Brust K, Gasior M, Desperak P, Hawranek M, Farto-Abreu P, Santos M, Baptista S, Brizida L, Faria D, Loureiro J, Magno P, Monteiro C, Nédio M, Tavares J, 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S, Popescu MI, Cozma A, Babes EE, Rus M, Ardelean A, Larisa R, Moisi M, Ban E, Buzle A, Filimon G, Dobreanu D, Lupu S, Mitre A, Rudzik R, Sus I, Opris D, Somkereki C, Mornos C, Petrescu L, Betiu A, Volcescu A, Ioan O, Luca C, Maximov D, Mosteoru S, Pascalau L, Roman C, Brie D, Crisan S, Erimescu C, Falnita L, Gaita D, Gheorghiu M, Levashov S, Redkina M, Novitskii N, Dementiev E, Baglikov A, Zateyshchikov D, Zubova E, Rogozhina A, Salikov A, Nikitin I, Reznik EV, Komissarova MS, Shebzukhova M, Shitaya K, Stolbova S, Larina V, Akhmatova F, Chuvarayan G, Arefyev MN, Averkov OV, Volkova AL, Sepkhanyan MS, Vecherko VI, Meray I, Babaeva L, Goreva L, Pisaryuk A, Potapov P, Teterina M, Ageev F, Silvestrova G, Fedulaev Y, Pinchuk T, Staroverov I, Kalimullin D, Sukhinina T, Zhukova N, Ryabov V, Kruchinkina E, Vorobeva D, Shevchenko I, Budyak V, Elistratova O, Fetisova E, Islamov R, Ponomareva E, Khalaf H, Shaimaa AA, Kamal W, Alrahimi J, Elshiekh A, Balghith M, Ahmed A, Attia N, Jamiel AA, Potpara T, Marinkovic M, Mihajlovic M, Mujovic N, Kocijancic A, Mijatovic Z, Radovanovic M, Matic D, Milosevic A, Savic L, Subotic I, Uscumlic A, Zlatic N, Antonijevic J, Vesic O, Vucic R, Martinovic SS, Kostic T, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Stanojevic D, Petrovic M. Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI) Registry. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2022; 9:8-15. [PMID: 36259751 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) Registry aims to identify international patterns in NSTEMI management in clinical practice and outcomes against the 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without ST-segment-elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutively hospitalised adult NSTEMI patients (n = 3620) were enrolled between 11 March 2019 and 6 March 2021, and individual patient data prospectively collected at 287 centres in 59 participating countries during a two-week enrolment period per centre. The registry collected data relating to baseline characteristics, major outcomes (in-hospital death, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and 30-day mortality) and guideline-recommended NSTEMI care interventions: electrocardiogram pre- or in-hospital, pre-hospitalization receipt of aspirin, echocardiography, coronary angiography, referral to cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation advice, dietary advice, and prescription on discharge of aspirin, P2Y12 inhibition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, and statin. CONCLUSION The EORP NSTEMI Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for NSTEMI, which will provide unique insights into the contemporary management of hospitalised NSTEMI patients, compliance with ESC 2015 NSTEMI Guidelines, and identify potential barriers to optimal management of this common clinical presentation associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nadarajah
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Ludman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yolande Appelman
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Brugaletta
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hector Bueno
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic Ottakring (Wilhelminenhospital), Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sergio Leonardi
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Lettino
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Dejan Milasinovic
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia and Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
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Thornton A, Peterson E, Thomas A, Regouski M, Liu Y, White K, Davies C, Polejaeva I, Rutigliano H. 86 The role of extracellular vesicles in immunomodulation during bovine pregnancy. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Yao X, Vien BS, Davies C, Chiu WK. Acoustic Emission Source Characterisation during Fatigue Crack Growth in Al 2024-T3 Specimens. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:8796. [PMID: 36433389 PMCID: PMC9693469 DOI: 10.3390/s22228796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While acoustic emission (AE) testing can be used as a valuable technique in structural health monitoring and non-destructive testing, little research has been conducted to establish its sources, particularly in 2024-T3 aluminium alloys. The major contribution of this work is that it provides a method to obtain a better linear relationship of count rate with crack growth rate based on waveform. This paper aims to characterise AE sources by synchronising the AE waveforms with load levels and then to propose possible dominant frequency ranges. The AE waveforms during fatigue crack growth in edge-notched 2024-T3 aluminium specimens, from an initial crack length of 10 mm to 70 mm, were collected at two different load ratios R = 0.125 and 0.5. At the same time, the crack growth rate was determined using thermal imaging and associated control software. The AE waveforms obtained were processed using the fast Fourier transform. It was shown that a significantly higher AE count rate was recorded at R = 0.125 compared to R = 0.5 when the maximum load was kept the same. This means that the R-ratio would affect the total amount of AE activities collected. It was also found that the dominant frequency range of the AE waveforms directly related to crack growth was 152-487 kHz, and the ranges due to crack closure were likely to be 310 kHz-316 kHz and 500-700 kHz. Based on the proposed frequency ranges, waveform selection was conducted and a better linear relationship between count rate and crack growth rate was observed. This study provides a better understanding of the AE sources and waveforms for future structural health monitoring applications.
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Jefferies R, Ponsford MJ, Davies C, Williams SJ, Barry S. Strategies to promote guideline adoption: lessons learned from the implementation of a national COVID-19 hospital guideline across NHS Wales. Future Healthc J 2022; 9:262-267. [PMID: 36561811 PMCID: PMC9761444 DOI: 10.7861/fhj.2022-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There is little understanding about what proportion of the target audience have read guidelines published through the traditional approach. The COVID-19 pandemic created a particularly difficult scenario for healthcare professionals (HCP) since the evidence base rapidly changed. In response, we established a freely accessible, video-based online resource, which was formally implemented requiring user registration. The guideline rapidly gained more than 4,500 registrants in the first wave alone, including nearly 100% of respiratory, intensive care or emergency unit consultants in Wales. During the first wave, there were nearly 170,000 page views with over 31,000 video plays and an average of 5.8 visits to the site per registrant. Acceptability using an online survey showed widespread support and that the unsubscribe rates were remarkably low. We suggest that this novel approach to guideline implementation achieved its aim of widespread engagement and acceptability and serves as a potential model for future medical guidelines and education beyond COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys Jefferies
- APublic Health Wales, Cardiff, UK and Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK,Address for correspondence: Mr Rhys Jefferies, Swansea University School of Medicine, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
| | - Mark J Ponsford
- BImmunodeficiency Centre for Wales, Cardiff, UK and Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chris Davies
- CThe Institute of Clinical Science and Technology, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Simon Barry
- EPublic Health Wales, Cardiff, UK and University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
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Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge WA, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight SR, Kamarajah SK, McLean KA, Glasbey JC, Khaw RA, Ahmed W, Akhbari M, Baker D, Borakati A, Mills E, Thavayogan R, Yasin I, Raubenheimer K, Ridley W, Sarrami M, Zhang G, Egoroff N, Pockney P, Richards T, Bhangu A, Creagh-Brown B, Edwards M, Harrison EM, Lee M, Nepogodiev D, Pinkney T, Pearse R, Smart N, Vohra R, Sohrabi C, Jamieson A, Nguyen M, Rahman A, English C, Tincknell L, Kakodkar P, Kwek I, Punjabi N, Burns J, Varghese S, Erotocritou M, McGuckin S, Vayalapra S, Dominguez E, Moneim J, Salehi M, Tan HL, Yoong A, Zhu L, Seale B, Nowinka Z, Patel N, Chrisp B, Harris J, Maleyko I, Muneeb F, Gough M, James CE, Skan O, Chowdhury A, Rebuffa N, Khan H, Down B, Fatimah Hussain Q, Adams M, Bailey A, Cullen G, Fu YXJ, McClement B, Taylor A, Aitken S, Bachelet B, Brousse de Gersigny J, Chang C, Khehra B, Lahoud N, Lee Solano M, Louca M, Rozenbroek P, Rozitis E, Agbinya N, Anderson E, Arwi G, Barry I, Batchelor C, Chong T, Choo LY, Clark L, Daniels M, Goh J, Handa A, Hanna J, Huynh L, Jeon A, Kanbour A, Lee A, Lee J, Lee T, Leigh J, Ly D, McGregor F, Moss J, Nejatian M, O'Loughlin E, Ramos I, Sanchez B, Shrivathsa A, Sincari A, Sobhi S, Swart R, Trimboli J, Wignall P, Bourke E, Chong A, Clayton S, Dawson A, Hardy E, Iqbal R, Le L, Mao S, Marinelli I, Metcalfe H, Panicker D, R HH, Ridgway S, Tan HH, Thong S, Van M, Woon S, Woon-Shoo-Tong XS, Yu S, Ali K, Chee J, Chiu C, Chow YW, Duller A, Nagappan P, Ng S, Selvanathan M, Sheridan C, Temple M, Do JE, Dudi-Venkata NN, Humphries E, Li L, Mansour LT, Massy-Westropp C, Fang B, Farbood K, Hong H, Huang Y, Joan M, Koh C, Liu YHA, Mahajan T, Muller E, Park R, Tanudisastro M, Wu JJG, Chopra P, Giang S, Radcliffe S, Thach P, Wallace D, Wilkes A, Chinta SH, Li J, Phan J, Rahman F, Segaran A, Shannon J, Zhang M, Adams N, Bonte A, Choudhry A, Colterjohn N, Croyle JA, Donohue J, Feighery A, Keane A, McNamara D, Munir K, Roche D, Sabnani R, Seligman D, Sharma S, Stickney Z, Suchy H, Tan R, Yordi S, Ahmed I, Aranha M, El Sabawy D, Garwood P, Harnett M, Holohan R, Howard R, Kayyal Y, Krakoski N, Lupo M, McGilberry W, Nepon H, Scoleri Y, Urbina C, Ahmad Fuad MF, Ahmed O, Jaswantlal D, Kelly E, Khan MHT, Naidu D, Neo WX, O'Neill R, Sugrue M, Abbas JD, Abdul-Fattah S, Azlan A, Barry K, Idris NS, Kaka N, Mc Dermott D, Mohammad Nasir MN, Mozo M, Rehal A, Shaikh Yousef M, Wong RH, Curran E, Gardner M, Hogan A, Julka R, Lasser G, Ní Chorráin N, Ting J, Browne R, George S, Janjua Z, Leung Shing V, Megally M, Murphy S, Ravenscroft L, Vedadi A, Vyas V, Bryan A, Sheikh A, Ubhi J, Vannelli K, Vawda A, Adeusi L, Doherty C, Fitzgerald C, Gallagher H, Gill P, Hamza H, Hogan M, Kelly S, Larry J, Lynch P, Mazeni NA, O'Connell R, O'Loghlin R, Singh K, Abbas Syed R, Ali A, Alkandari B, Arnold A, Arora E, Azam R, Breathnach C, Cheema J, Compton M, Curran S, Elliott JA, Jayasamraj O, Mohammed N, Noone A, Pal A, Pandey S, Quinn P, Sheridan R, Siew L, Tan EP, Tio SW, Toh VTR, Walsh M, Yap C, Yassa J, Young T, Agarwal N, Almoosawy SA, Bowen K, Bruce D, Connachan R, Cook A, Daniell A, Elliott M, Fung HKF, Irving A, Laurie S, Lee YJ, Lim ZX, Maddineni S, McClenaghan RE, Muthuganesan V, Ravichandran P, Roberts N, Shaji S, Solt S, Toshney E, Arnold C, Baker O, Belais F, Bojanic C, Byrne M, Chau CYC, De Soysa S, Eldridge M, Fairey M, Fearnhead N, Guéroult A, Ho JSY, Joshi K, Kadiyala N, Khalid S, Khan F, Kumar K, Lewis E, Magee J, Manetta-Jones D, Mann S, McKeown L, Mitrofan C, Mohamed T, Monnickendam A, Ng AYKC, Ortu A, Patel M, Pope T, Pressling S, Purohit K, Saji S, Shah Foridi J, Shah R, Siddiqui SS, Surman K, Utukuri M, Varghese A, Williams CYK, Yang JJ, Billson E, Cheah E, Holmes P, Hussain S, Murdock D, Nicholls A, Patel P, Ramana G, Saleki M, Spence H, Thomas D, Yu C, Abousamra M, Brown C, Conti I, Donnelly A, Durand M, French N, Goan R, O'Kane E, Rubinchik P, Gardiner H, Kempf B, Lai YL, Matthews H, Minford E, Rafferty C, Reid C, Sheridan N, Al Bahri T, Bhoombla N, Rao BM, Titu L, Chatha S, Field C, Gandhi T, Gulati R, Jha R, Jones Sam MT, Karim S, Patel R, Saunders M, Sharma K, Abid S, Heath E, Kurup D, Patel A, Ali M, Cresswell B, Felstead D, Jennings K, Kaluarachchi T, Lazzereschi L, Mayson H, Miah JE, Reinders B, Rosser A, Thomas C, Williams H, Al-Hamid Z, Alsadoun L, Chlubek M, Fernando P, Gaunt E, Gercek Y, Maniar R, Ma R, Matson M, Moore S, Morris A, Nagappan PG, Ratnayake M, Rockall L, Shallcross O, Sinha A, Tan KE, Virdee S, Wenlock R, Donnelly HA, Ghazal R, Hughes I, Liu X, McFadden M, Misbert E, Mogey P, O'Hara A, Peace C, Rainey C, Raja P, Salem M, Salmon J, Tan CH, Alves D, Bahl S, Baker C, Coulthurst J, Koysombat K, Linn T, Rai P, Sharma A, Shergill A, Ahmed M, Ahmed S, Belk LH, Choudhry H, Cummings D, Dixon Y, Dobinson C, Edwards J, Flint J, Franco Da Silva C, Gallie R, Gardener M, Glover T, Greasley M, Hatab A, Howells R, Hussey T, Khan A, Mann A, Morrison H, Ng A, Osmond R, Padmakumar N, Pervaiz F, Prince R, Qureshi A, Sawhney R, Sigurdson B, Stephenson L, Vora K, Zacken A, Cope P, Di Traglia R, Ferarrio I, Hackett N, Healicon R, Horseman L, Lam LI, Meerdink M, Menham D, Murphy R, Nimmo I, Ramaesh A, Rees J, Soame R, Dilaver N, Adebambo D, Brown E, Burt J, Foster K, Kaliyappan L, Knight P, Politis A, Richardson E, Townsend J, Abdi M, Ball M, Easby S, Gill N, Ho E, Iqbal H, Matthews M, Nubi S, Nwokocha JO, Okafor I, Perry G, Sinartio B, Vanukuru N, Walkley D, Welch T, Yates J, Yeshitila N, Bryans K, Campbell B, Gray C, Keys R, Macartney M, Chamberlain G, Khatri A, Kucheria A, Lee STP, Reese G, Roy choudhury J, Tan WYR, Teh JJ, Ting A, Kazi S, Kontovounisios C, Vutipongsatorn K, Amarnath T, Balasubramanian N, Bassett E, Gurung P, Lim J, Panjikkaran A, Sanalla A, Alkoot M, Bacigalupo V, Eardley N, Horton M, Hurry A, Isti C, Maskell P, Nursiah K, Punn G, Salih H, Epanomeritakis E, Foulkes A, Henderson R, Johnston E, McCullough H, McLarnon M, Morrison E, Cheung A, Cho SH, Eriksson F, Hedges J, Low Z, May C, Musto L, Nagi S, Nur S, Salau E, Shabbir S, Thomas MC, Uthayanan L, Vig S, Zaheer M, Zeng G, Ashcroft-Quinn S, Brown R, Hayes J, McConville R, French R, Gilliam A, Sheetal S, Shehzad MU, Bani W, Christie I, Franklyn J, Khan M, Russell J, Smolarek S, Varadarassou R, Ahmed SK, Narayanaswamy S, Sealy J, Shah M, Dodhia V, Manukyan A, O'Hare R, Orbell J, Chung I, Forenc K, Gupta A, Agarwal A, Al Dabbagh A, Bennewith R, Bottomley J, Chu TSM, Chu YYA, Doherty W, Evans B, Hainsworth P, Hosfield T, Li CH, McCullagh I, Mehta A, Thaker A, Thompson B, Virdi A, Walker H, Wilkins E, Dixon C, Hassan MR, Lotca N, Tong KS, Batchelor-Parry H, Chaudhari S, Harris T, Hooper J, Johnson C, Mulvihill C, Nayler J, Olutobi O, Piramanayagam B, Stones K, Sussman M, Weaver C, Alam F, Al Rawi M, Andrew F, Arrayeh A, Azizan N, Hassan A, Iqbal Z, John I, Jones M, Kalake O, Keast M, Nicholas J, Patil A, Powell K, Roberts P, Sabri A, Segue AK, Shah A, Shaik Mohamed SA, Shehadeh A, Shenoy S, Tong A, Upcott M, Vijayasingam D, Anarfi S, Dauncey J, Devindaran A, Havalda P, Komninos G, Mwendwa E, Norman C, Richards J, Urquhart A, Allan J, Cahya E, Hunt H, McWhirter C, Norton R, Roxburgh C, Tan JY, Ali Butt S, Hansdot S, Haq I, Mootien A, Sanchez I, Vainas T, Deliyannis E, Tan M, Vipond M, Chittoor Satish NN, Dattani A, De Carvalho L, Gaston-Grubb M, Karunanithy L, Lowe B, Pace C, Raju K, Roope J, Taylor C, Youssef H, Munro T, Thorn C, Wong KHF, Yunus A, Chawla S, Datta A, Dinesh AA, Field D, Georgi T, Gwozdz A, Hamstead E, Howard N, Isleyen N, Jackson N, Kingdon J, Sagoo KS, Schizas A, Yin L, Aung E, Aung YY, Franklin S, Han SM, Kim WC, Martin Segura A, Rossi M, Ross T, Tirimanna R, Wang B, Zakieh O, Ben-Arzi H, Flach A, Jackson E, Magers S, Olu abara C, Rogers E, Sugden K, Tan H, Veliah S, Walton U, Asif A, Bharwada Y, Bowley D, Broekhuizen A, Cooper L, Evans N, Girdlestone H, Ling C, Mann H, Mehmood N, Mulvenna CL, Rainer N, Trout I, Gujjuri R, Jeyaraman D, Leong E, Singh D, Smith E, Anderton J, Barabas M, Goyal S, Howard D, Joshi A, Mitchell D, Weatherby T, Badminton R, Bird R, Burtle D, Choi NY, Devalia K, Farr E, Fischer F, Fish J, Gunn F, Jacobs D, Johnston P, Kalakoutas A, Lau E, Loo YNAF, Louden H, Makariou N, Mohammadi K, Nayab Y, Ruhomaun S, Ryliskyte R, Saeed M, Shinde P, Sudul M, Theodoropoulou K, Valadao-Spoorenberg J, Vlachou F, Arshad SR, Janmohamed AM, Noor M, Oyerinde O, Saha A, Syed Y, Watkinson W, Ahmadi H, Akintunde A, Alsaady A, Bradley J, Brothwood D, Burton M, Higgs M, Hoyle C, Katsura C, Lathan R, Louani A, Mandalia R, Prihartadi AS, Qaddoura B, Sandland-Taylor L, Thadani S, Thompson A, Walshaw J, Teo S, Ali S, Bawa JH, Fox S, Gargan K, Haider SA, Hanna N, Hatoum A, Khan Z, Krzak AM, Li T, Pitt J, Tan GJS, Ullah Z, Wilson E, Cleaver J, Colman J, Copeland L, Coulson A, Davis P, Faisal H, Hassan F, Hughes JT, Jabr Y, Mahmoud Ali F, Nahaboo Solim ZN, Sangheli A, Shaya S, Thompson R, Cornwall H, De Andres Crespo M, Fay E, Findlay J, Groves E, Jones O, Killen A, Millo J, Thomas S, Ward J, Wilkins M, Zaki F, Zilber E, Bhavra K, Bilolikar A, Charalambous M, Elawad A, Eleni A, Fawdon R, Gibbins A, Livingstone D, Mala D, Oke SE, Padmakumar D, Patsalides MA, Payne D, Ralphs C, Roney A, Sardar N, Stefanova K, Surti F, Timms R, Tosney G, Bannister J, Clement NS, Cullimore V, Kamal F, Lendor J, McKay J, Mcswiggan J, Minhas N, Seneviratne K, Simeen S, Valverde J, Watson N, Bloom I, Dinh TH, Hirniak J, Joseph R, Kansagra M, Lai CKN, Melamed N, Patel J, Randev J, Sedighi T, Shurovi B, Sodhi J, Vadgama N, Abdulla S, Adabavazeh B, Champion A, Chennupati R, Chu K, Devi S, Haji A, Schulz J, Testa F, Davies P, Gurung B, Howell S, Modi P, Pervaiz A, Zahid M, Abdolrazaghi S, Abi Aoun R, Anjum Z, Bawa G, Bhardwaj R, Brown S, Enver M, Gill D, Gopikrishna D, Gurung D, Kanwal A, Kaushal P, Khanna A, Lovell E, McEvoy C, Mirza M, Nabeel S, Naseem S, Pandya K, Perkins R, Pulakal R, Ray M, Reay C, Reilly S, Round A, Seehra J, Shakeel NM, Singh B, Vijay Sukhnani M, Brown L, Desai B, Elzanati H, Godhaniya J, Kavanagh E, Kent J, Kishor A, Liu A, Norwood M, Shaari N, Wood C, Wood M, Brown A, Chellapuri A, Ferriman A, Ghosh I, Kulkarni N, Noton T, Pinto A, Rajesh S, Varghese B, Wenban C, Aly R, Barciela C, Brookes T, Corrin E, Goldsworthy M, Mohamed Azhar MS, Moore J, Nakhuda S, Ng D, Pillay S, Port S, Abdullah M, Akinyemi J, Islam S, Kale A, Lewis A, Manjunath T, McCabe H, Misra S, Stubley T, Tam JP, Waraich N, Chaora T, Ford C, Osinkolu I, Pong G, Rai J, Risquet R, Ainsworth J, Ayandokun P, Barham E, Barrett G, Barry J, Bisson E, Bridges I, Burke D, Cann J, Cloney M, Coates S, Cripps P, Davies C, Francis N, Green S, Handley G, Hathaway D, Hurt L, Jenkins S, Johnston C, Khadka A, McGee U, Morris D, Murray R, Norbury C, Pierrepont Z, Richards C, Ross O, Ruddy A, Salmon C, Shield M, Soanes K, Spencer N, Taverner S, Williams C, Wills-Wood W, Woodward S, Chow J, Fan J, Guest O, Hunter I, Moon WY, Arthur-Quarm S, Edwards P, Hamlyn V, McEneaney L, N D G, Pranoy S, Ting M, Abada S, Alawattegama LH, Ashok A, Carey C, Gogna A, Haglund C, Hurley P, Leelo N, Liu B, Mannan F, Paramjothy K, Ramlogan K, Raymond-Hayling O, Shanmugarajah A, Solichan D, Wilkinson B, Ahmad NA, Allan D, Amin A, Bakina C, Burns F, Cameron F, Campbell A, Cavanagh S, Chan SMZ, Chapman S, Chong V, Edelsten E, Ekpete O, El Sheikh M, Ghose R, Hassane A, Henderson C, Hilton-Christie S, Husain M, Hussain H, Javid Z, Johnson-Ogbuneke J, Johnston A, Khalil M, Leung TCC, Makin I, Muralidharan V, Naeem M, Patil P, Ravichandran S, Saraeva D, Shankey-Smith W, Sharma N, Swan R, Waudby-West R, Wilkinson A, Wright K, Balasubramanian A, Bhatti S, Chalkley M, Chou WK, Dixon M, Evans L, Fisher K, Gandhi P, Ho S, Lau YB, Lowe S, Meechan C, Murali N, Musonda C, Njoku P, Ochieng L, Pervez MU, Seebah K, Shaikh I, Sikder MA, Vanker R, Alom J, Bajaj V, Coleman O, Finch G, Goss J, Jenkins C, Kontothanassis A, Liew MS, Ng K, Outram M, Shakeel MM, Tawn J, Zuhairy S, Chapple K, Cinnamond A, Coleman S, George HA, Goulder L, Hare N, Hawksley J, Kret A, Luesley A, Mecia L, Porter H, Puddy E, Richardson G, Sohail B, Srikaran V, Tadross D, Tobin J, Tokidis E, Young L, Ashdown T, Bratsos S, Koomson A, Kufuor A, Lim MQ, Shah S, Thorne EPC, Warusavitarne J, Xu S, Abigail S, Ahmed A, Ahmed J, Akmal A, Al-Khafaji M, Amini B, Arshad M, Bogie E, Brazkiewicz M, Carroll M, Chandegra A, Cirelli C, Deng A, Fairclough S, Fung YJ, Gornell C, Green RL, Green SV, Gulamhussein AHM, Isaac AG, Jan R, Jegatheeswaran L, Knee M, Kotecha J, Kotecha S, Maxwell-Armstrong C, McIntyre C, Mendis N, Naing TKP, Oberman J, Ong ZX, Ramalingam A, Saeed Adam A, Tan LL, Towell S, Yadav J, Anandampillai R, Chung S, Hounat A, Ibrahim B, Jeyakumar G, Khalil A, Khan UA, Nair G, Owusu-Ayim M, Wilson M, Kanani A, Kilkelly B, Ogunmwonyi I, Ong L, Samra B, Schomerus L, Shea J, Turner O, Yang Y, Amin M, Blott N, Clark A, Feather A, Forrest M, Hague S, Hamilton K, Higginbotham G, Hope E, Karimian S, Loveday K, Malik H, McKenna O, Noor A, Onsiong C, Patel B, Radcliffe N, Shah P, Tye L, Verma K, Walford R, Yusufi U, Zachariah M, Casey A, Doré C, Fludder V, Fortescue L, Kalapu SS, Karel E, Khera G, Smith C, Appleton B, Ashaye A, Boggon E, Evans A, Faris Mahmood H, Hinchcliffe Z, Marei O, Silva I, Spooner C, Thomas G, Timlin M, Wellington J, Yao SL, Abdelrazek M, Abdelrazik Y, Bee F, Joseph A, Mounce A, Parry G, Vignarajah N, Biddles D, Creissen A, Kolhe S, K T, Lea A, Ledda V, O'Loughlin P, Scanlon J, Shetty N, Weller C, Abdalla M, Adeoye A, Bhatti M, Chadda KR, Chu J, Elhakim H, Foster-Davies H, Rabie M, Tailor B, Webb S, Abdelrahim ASA, Choo SY, Jiwa A, Mangam S, Murray S, Shandramohan A, Aghanenu O, Budd W, Hayre J, Khanom S, Liew ZY, McKinney R, Moody N, Muhammad-Kamal H, Odogwu J, Patel D, Roy C, Sattar Z, Shahrokhi N, Sinha I, Thomson E, Wonga L, Bain J, Khan J, Ricardo D, Bevis R, Cherry C, Darkwa S, Drew W, Griffiths E, Konda N, Madani D, Mak JKC, Meda B, Odunukwe U, Preest G, Raheel F, Rajaseharan A, Ramgopal A, Risbrooke C, Selvaratnam K, Sethunath G, Tabassum R, Taylor J, Thakker A, Wijesingha N, Wybrew R, Yasin T, Ahmed Osman A, Alfadhel S, Carberry E, Chen JY, Drake I, Glen P, Jayasuriya N, Kawar L, Myatt R, Sinan LOH, Siu SSY, Tjen V, Adeboyejo O, Bacon H, Barnes R, Birnie C, D'Cunha Kamath A, Hughes E, Middleton S, Owen R, Schofield E, Short C, Smith R, Wang H, Willett M, Zimmerman M, Balfour J, Chadwick T, Coombe-Jones M, Do Le HP, Faulkner G, Hobson K, Shehata Z, Beattie M, Chmielewski G, Chong C, Donnelly B, Drusch B, Ellis J, Farrelly C, Feyi-Waboso J, Hibell I, Hoade L, Ho C, Jones H, Kodiatt B, Lidder P, Ni Cheallaigh L, Norman R, Patabendi I, Penfold H, Playfair M, Pomeroy S, Ralph C, Rottenburg H, Sebastian J, Sheehan M, Stanley V, Welchman J, Ajdarpasic D, Antypas A, Azouaghe O, Basi S, Bettoli G, Bhattarai S, Bommireddy L, Bourne K, Budding J, Cookey-Bresi R, Cummins T, Davies G, Fabelurin C, Gwilliam R, Hanley J, Hird A, Kruczynska A, Langhorne B, Lund J, Lutchman I, McGuinness R, Neary M, Pampapathi S, Pang E, Podbicanin S, Rai N, Redhouse White G, Sujith J, Thomas P, Walker I, Winterton R, Anderson P, Barrington M, Bhadra K, Clark G, Fowler G, Gibson C, Hudson S, Kaminskaite V, Lawday S, Longshaw A, MacKrill E, McLachlan F, Murdeshwar A, Nieuwoudt R, Parker P, Randall R, Rawlins E, Reeves SA, Rye D, Sirkis T, Sykes B, Ventress N, Wosinska N, Akram B, Burton L, Coombs A, Long R, Magowan D, Ong C, Sethi M, Williams G, Chan C, Chan LH, Fernando D, Gaba F, Khor Z, Les JW, Mak R, Moin S, Ng Kee Kwong KC, Paterson-Brown S, Tew YY, Bardon A, Burrell K, Coldwell C, Costa I, Dexter E, Hardy A, Khojani M, Mazurek J, Raymond T, Reddy V, Reynolds J, Soma A, Agiotakis S, Alsusa H, Desai N, Peristerakis I, Adcock A, Ayub H, Bennett T, Bibi F, Brenac S, Chapman T, Clarke G, Clark F, Galvin C, Gwyn-Jones A, Henry-Blake C, Kerner S, Kiandee M, Lovett A, Pilecka A, Ravindran R, Siddique H, Sikand T, Treadwell K, Akmal K, Apata A, Barton O, Broad G, Darling H, Dhuga Y, Emms L, Habib S, Jain R, Jeater J, Kan CYP, Kathiravelupillai A, Khatkar H, Kirmani S, Kulasabanathan K, Lacey H, Lal K, Manafa C, Mansoor M, McDonald S, Mittal A, Mustoe S, Nottrodt L, Oliver P, Papapetrou I, Pattinson F, Raja M, Reyhani H, Shahmiri A, Small O, Soni U, Aguirrezabala Armbruster B, Bunni J, Hakim MA, Hawkins-Hooker L, Howell KA, Hullait R, Jaskowska A, Ottewell L, Thomas-Jones I, Vasudev A, Clements B, Fenton J, Gill M, Haider S, Lim AJM, Maguire H, McMullan J, Nicoletti J, Samuel S, Unais MA, White N, Yao PC, Yow L, Boyle C, Brady R, Cheekoty P, Cheong J, Chew SJHL, Chow R, Ganewatta Kankanamge D, Mamer L, Mohammed B, Ng Chieng Hin J, Renji Chungath R, Royston A, Sharrad E, Sinclair R, Tingle S, Treherne K, Wyatt F, Maniarasu VS, Moug S, Appanna T, Bucknall T, Hussain F, Owen A, Parry M, Parry R, Sagua N, Spofforth K, Yuen ECT, Bosley N, Hardie W, Moore T, Regas C, Abdel-Khaleq S, Ali N, Bashiti H, Buxton-Hopley R, Constantinides M, D'Afflitto M, Deshpande A, Duque Golding J, Frisira E, Germani Batacchi M, Gomaa A, Hay D, Hutchison R, Iakovou A, Iakovou D, Ismail E, Jefferson S, Jones L, Khouli Y, Knowles C, Mason J, McCaughan R, Moffatt J, Morawala A, Nadir H, Neyroud F, Nikookam Y, Parmar A, Pinto L, Ramamoorthy R, Richards E, Thomson S, Trainer C, Valetopoulou A, Vassiliou A, Wantman A, Wilde S, Dickinson M, Rockall T, Senn D, Wcislo K, Zalmay P, Adelekan K, Allen K, Bajaj M, Gatumbu P, Hang S, Hashmi Y, Kaur T, Kawesha A, Kisiel A, Woodmass M, Adelowo T, Ahari D, Alhwaishel K, Atherton R, Clayton B, Cockroft A, Curtis Lopez C, Hilton M, Ismail N, Kouadria M, Lee L, MacConnachie A, Monks F, Mungroo S, Nikoletopoulou C, Pearce L, Sara X, Shahid A, Suresh G, Wilcha R, Atiyah A, Davies E, Dermanis A, Gibbons H, Hyde A, Lawson A, Lee C, Leung-Tack M, Li Saw Hee J, Mostafa O, Nair D, Pattani N, Plumbley-Jones J, Pufal K, Ramesh P, Sanghera J, Saram S, Scadding S, See S, Stringer H, Torrance A, Vardon H, Wyn-Griffiths F, Brew A, Kaur G, Soni D, Tickle A, Akbar Z, Appleyard T, Figg K, Jayawardena P, Johnson A, Kamran Siddiqui Z, Lacy-Colson J, Oatham R, Rowlands B, Sludden E, Turnbull C, Allin D, Ansar Z, Azeez Z, Dale VH, Garg J, Horner A, Jones S, Knight S, McGregor C, McKenna J, McLelland T, Packham-Smith A, Rowsell K, Spector-Hill I, Adeniken E, Baker J, Bartlett M, Chikomba L, Connell B, Deekonda P, Dhar M, Elmansouri A, Gamage K, Goodhew R, Hanna P, Knight J, Luca A, Maasoumi N, Mahamoud F, Manji S, Marwaha PK, Mason F, Oluboyede A, Pigott L, Razaq AM, Richardson M, Saddaoui I, Wijeyendram P, Yau S, Atkins W, Liang K, Miles N, Praveen B, Ashai S, Braganza J, Common J, Cundy A, Davies R, Guthrie J, Handa I, Iqbal M, Ismail R, Jones C, Jones I, Lee KS, Levene A, Okocha M, Olivier J, Smith A, Subramaniam E, Tandle S, Wang A, Watson A, Wilson C, Chan XHF, Khoo E, Montgomery C, Norris M, Pugalenthi PP, Common T, Cook E, Mistry H, Shinmar HS, Agarwal G, Bandyopadhyay S, Brazier B, Carroll L, Goede A, Harbourne A, Lakhani A, Lami M, Larwood J, Martin J, Merchant J, Pattenden S, Pradhan A, Raafat N, Rothwell E, Shammoon Y, Sudarshan R, Vickers E, Wingfield L, Ashworth I, Azizi S, Bhate R, Chowdhury T, Christou A, Davies L, Dwaraknath M, Farah Y, Garner J, Gureviciute E, Hart E, Jain A, Javid S, Kankam HK, Kaur Toor P, Kaz R, Kermali M, Khan I, Mattson A, McManus A, Murphy M, Nair K, Ngemoh D, Norton E, Olabiran A, Parry L, Payne T, Pillai K, Price S, Punjabi K, Raghunathan A, Ramwell A, Raza M, Ritehnia J, Simpson G, Smith W, Sodeinde S, Studd L, Subramaniam M, Thomas J, Towey S, Tsang E, Tuteja D, Vasani J, Vio M, Badran A, Adams J, Anthony Wilkinson J, Asvandi S, Austin T, Bald A, Bix E, Carrick M, Chander B, Chowdhury S, Cooper Drake B, Crosbie S, D Portela S, Francis D, Gallagher C, Gillespie R, Gravett H, Gupta P, Ilyas C, James G, Johny J, Jones A, Kinder F, MacLeod C, Macrow C, Maqsood-Shah A, Mather J, McCann L, McMahon R, Mitham E, Mohamed M, Munton E, Nightingale K, O'Neill K, Onyemuchara I, Senior R, Shanahan A, Sherlock J, Spyridoulias A, Stavrou C, Stokes D, Tamang R, Taylor E, Trafford C, Uden C, Waddington C, Yassin D, Zaman M, Bangi S, Cheng T, Chew D, Hussain N, Imani-Masouleh S, Mahasivam G, McKnight G, Ng HL, Ota HC, Pasha T, Ravindran W, Shah K, Vishnu K S, Zaman S, Carr W, Cope S, Eagles EJ, Howarth-Maddison M, Li CY, Reed J, Ridge A, Stubbs T, Teasdaled D, Umar R, Worthington J, Dhebri A, Kalenderov R, Alattas A, Arain Z, Bhudia R, Chia D, Daniel S, Dar T, Garland H, Girish M, Hampson A, Kyriacou H, Lehovsky K, Mullins W, Omorphos N, Vasdev N, Venkatesh A, Waldock W, Bhandari A, Brown G, Choa G, Eichenauer CE, Ezennia K, Kidwai Z, Lloyd-Thomas A, Macaskill Stewart A, Massardi C, Sinclair E, Skajaa N, Smith M, Tan I, Afsheen N, Anuar A, Azam Z, Bhatia P, Davies-kelly N, Dickinson S, Elkawafi M, Ganapathy M, Gupta S, Khoury EG, Licudi D, Mehta V, Neequaye S, Nita G, Tay VL, Zhao S, Botsa E, Cuthbert H, Elliott J, Furlepa M, Lehmann J, Mangtani A, Narayan A, Nazarian S, Parmar C, Shah D, Shaw C, Zhao Z, Beck C, Caldwell S, Clements JM, French B, Kenny R, Kirk S, Lindsay J, McClung A, McLaughlin N, Watson S, Whiteside E, Alyacoubi S, Arumugam V, Beg R, Dawas K, Garg S, Lloyd ER, Mahfouz Y, Manobharath N, Moonesinghe R, Morka N, Patel K, Prashar J, Yip S, Adeeko ES, Ajekigbe F, Bhat A, Evans C, Farrugia A, Gurung C, Long T, Malik B, Manirajan S, Newport D, Rayer J, Ridha A, Ross E, Saran T, Sinker A, Waruingi D, Allen R, Al Sadek Y, Alves do Canto Brum H, Asharaf H, Ashman M, Balakumar V, Barrington J, Baskaran R, Berry A, Bhachoo H, Bilal A, Boaden L, Chia WL, Covell G, Crook D, Dadnam F, Davis L, De Berker H, Doyle C, Fox C, Gruffydd-Davies M, Hafouda Y, Hill A, Hubbard E, Hunter A, Inpadhas V, Jamshaid M, Jandu G, Jeyanthi M, Jones T, Kantor C, Kwak SY, Malik N, Matt R, McNulty P, Miles C, Mohomed A, Myat P, Niharika J, Nixon A, O'Reilly D, Parmar K, Pengelly S, Price L, Ramsden M, Turnor R, Wales E, Waring H, Wu M, Yang T, Ye TTS, Zander A, Zeicu C, Bellam S, Francombe J, Kawamoto N, Rahman MR, Sathyanarayana A, Tang HT, Cheung J, Hollingshead J, Page V, Sugarman J, Wong E, Chiong J, Fung E, Kan SY, Kiang J, Kok J, Krahelski O, Liew MY, Lyell B, Sharif Z, Speake D, Alim L, Amakye NY, Chandrasekaran J, Chandratreya N, Drake J, Owoso T, Thu YM, Abou El Ela Bourquin B, Alberts J, Chapman D, Rehnnuma N, Ainsworth K, Carpenter H, Emmanuel T, Fisher T, Gabrel M, Guan Z, Hollows S, Hotouras A, Ip Fung Chun N, Jaffer S, Kallikas G, Kennedy N, Lewinsohn B, Liu FY, Mohammed S, Rutherfurd A, Situ T, Stammer A, Taylor F, Thin N, Urgesi E, Zhang N, Ahmad MA, Bishop A, Bowes A, Dixit A, Glasson R, Hatta S, Hatt K, Larcombe S, Preece J, Riordan E, Fegredo D, Haq MZ, Li C, McCann G, Stewart D, Baraza W, Bhullar D, Burt G, Coyle J, Deans J, Devine A, Hird R, Ikotun O, Manchip G, Ross C, Storey L, Tan WWL, Tse C, Warner C, Whitehead M, Wu F, Court EL, Crisp E, Huttman M, Mayes F, Robertson H, Rosen H, Sandberg C, Smith H, Al Bakry M, Ashwell W, Bajaj S, Bandyopadhyay D, Browlee O, Burway S, Chand CP, Elsayeh K, Elsharkawi A, Evans E, Ferrin S, Fort-Schaale A, Iacob M, I K, Impelliziere Licastro G, Mankoo AS, Olaniyan T, Otun J, Pereira R, Reddy R, Saeed D, Simmonds O, Singhal G, Tron K, Wickstone C, Williams R, Bradshaw E, De Kock Jewell V, Houlden C, Knight C, Metezai H, Mirza-Davies A, Seymour Z, Spink D, Wischhusen S. Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. Lancet Digit Health 2022; 4:e520-e531. [PMID: 35750401 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(22)00069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratifying risk of postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery allows clinicians to modify risk through targeted interventions and enhanced monitoring. In this study, we aimed to identify and validate prognostic models against a new consensus definition of postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS We did a systematic review and international external validation cohort study. The systematic review was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched MEDLINE and Embase on March 1, 2020, for articles published in English that reported on risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. External validation of existing models was done within a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Data were collected between Jan 1, 2019, and April 30, 2019, in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. Discriminative ability and prognostic accuracy summary statistics were compared between models for the 30-day postoperative pulmonary complication rate as defined by the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine Core Outcome Measures in Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (StEP-COMPAC). Model performance was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). FINDINGS In total, we identified 2903 records from our literature search; of which, 2514 (86·6%) unique records were screened, 121 (4·8%) of 2514 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 29 unique prognostic models were identified. Nine (31·0%) of 29 models had score development reported only, 19 (65·5%) had undergone internal validation, and only four (13·8%) had been externally validated. Data to validate six eligible models were collected in the international external validation cohort study. Data from 11 591 patients were available, with an overall postoperative pulmonary complication rate of 7·8% (n=903). None of the six models showed good discrimination (defined as AUROCC ≥0·70) for identifying postoperative pulmonary complications, with the Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia score showing the best discrimination (AUROCC 0·700 [95% CI 0·683-0·717]). INTERPRETATION In the pre-COVID-19 pandemic data, variability in the risk of pulmonary complications (StEP-COMPAC definition) following major abdominal surgery was poorly described by existing prognostication tools. To improve surgical safety during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery and beyond, novel risk stratification tools are required. FUNDING British Journal of Surgery Society.
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Vujovich-Dunn C, Wand H, Brotherton JML, Gidding H, Sisnowski J, Lorch R, Veitch M, Sheppeard V, Effler P, Skinner SR, Venn A, Davies C, Hocking J, Whop L, Leask J, Canfell K, Sanci L, Smith M, Kang M, Temple-Smith M, Kidd M, Burns S, Selvey L, Meijer D, Ennis S, Thomson C, Lane N, Kaldor J, Guy R. Measuring school level attributable risk to support school-based HPV vaccination programs. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:822. [PMID: 35468743 PMCID: PMC9036743 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Australia in 2017, 89% of 15-year-old females and 86% of 15-year-old males had received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. However, considerable variation in HPV vaccination initiation (dose one) across schools remains. It is important to understand the school-level characteristics most strongly associated with low initiation and their contribution to the overall between-school variation. Methods A population-based ecological analysis was conducted using school-level data for 2016 on all adolescent students eligible for HPV vaccination in three Australian jurisdictions. We conducted logistic regression to determine school-level factors associated with lower HPV vaccination initiation (< 75% dose 1 uptake) and estimated the population attributable risk (PAR) and the proportion of schools with the factor (school-level prevalence). Results The factors most strongly associated with lower initiation, and their prevalence were; small schools (OR = 9.3, 95%CI = 6.1–14.1; 33% of schools), special education schools (OR = 5.6,95%CI = 3.7–8.5; 8% of schools), higher Indigenous enrolments (OR = 2.7,95% CI:1.9–3.7; 31% of schools), lower attendance rates (OR = 2.6,95%CI = 1.7–3.7; 35% of schools), remote location (OR = 2.6,95%CI = 1.6–4.3; 6% of schools,) and lower socioeconomic area (OR = 1.8,95% CI = 1.3–2.5; 33% of schools). The highest PARs were small schools (PAR = 79%, 95%CI:76–82), higher Indigenous enrolments (PAR = 38%, 95%CI: 31–44) and lower attendance rate (PAR = 37%, 95%CI: 29–46). Conclusion This analysis suggests that initiatives to support schools that are smaller, with a higher proportion of Indigenous adolescents and lower attendance rates may contribute most to reducing the variation of HPV vaccination uptake observed at a school-level in these jurisdictions. Estimating population-level coverage at the school-level is useful to guide policy and prioritise resourcing to support school-based vaccination programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13088-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vujovich-Dunn
- University of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.
| | - H Wand
- University of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia
| | - J M L Brotherton
- Australian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Population Health, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - H Gidding
- University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School, Sydney, Australia.,Women and Babies Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Sisnowski
- University of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia.,Australian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, Canberra, Australia
| | - R Lorch
- University of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia
| | - M Veitch
- Department of Health and Human Services, Tasmanian Government, Hobart, Australia
| | - V Sheppeard
- Communicable Diseases Branch, NSW Health, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - P Effler
- Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia
| | - S R Skinner
- University of Sydney, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - A Venn
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian, Australia
| | - C Davies
- University of Sydney, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia.,Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - J Hocking
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - L Whop
- Australian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, Canberra, Australia.,Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - J Leask
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Sydney, Australia.,University of Sydney, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - K Canfell
- The Daffodil Centre, University of Sydney, A Joint Venture With Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Sanci
- University of Melbourne, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - M Smith
- The Daffodil Centre, University of Sydney, A Joint Venture With Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia.,School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Kang
- University of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Temple-Smith
- University of Melbourne, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - M Kidd
- Flinders University, Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - S Burns
- Curtin University, School of Population Health, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - L Selvey
- University of Queensland, School of Public Health, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - D Meijer
- Immunisation Unit, Health Protection NSW, St Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Ennis
- Immunisation Unit, Health Protection NSW, St Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Thomson
- Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia
| | - N Lane
- Department of Health and Human Services, Tasmanian Government, Hobart, Australia
| | - J Kaldor
- University of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia
| | - R Guy
- University of New South Wales, Kirby Institute, Kensington, Australia
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Madlmeir S, Forgber T, Trogrlic M, Jajcevic D, Kape A, Contreras L, Carmody A, Liu P, Davies C, Sarkar A, Khinast J. Quantifying the Coating Yield by Modeling Heat and Mass Transfer in a Wurster Fluidized Bed Coater. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fadel MG, Walters U, Smith A, Bedi N, Davies C, Brock C, Dinneen M. Splenogonadal fusion: aiding detection and avoiding radical orchidectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022; 104:32-34. [PMID: 35100848 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenogonadal fusion is a rare benign congenital anomaly in which there is an abnormal connection between the gonad and the spleen. It was first described over 100 years ago with limited reports in the literature since then. Its similarity in presentation to testicular neoplasia poses a significant challenge in diagnosis and management, often resulting in radical orchidectomy. We present the case of a 31-year-old man who presented with a rapidly growing left-sided testicular mass and suspicious ultrasound findings; histology from the subsequent radical inguinal orchidectomy showed findings consistent with splenogonadal fusion. We describe points for consideration in the clinical history, examination and imaging that could suggest splenogonadal fusion, including preoperative technetium-99m-sulfur colloid imaging and intraoperative frozen section evaluation, which may confirm the diagnosis and prevent unnecessary orchidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Fadel
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - U Walters
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Smith
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - N Bedi
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Davies
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Brock
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Dinneen
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Hewawasam E, Davies C, Li Z, Clayton P, Sullivan E, McDonald S, Jesudason S. POS-161 Trends in labour and delivery outcomes among mothers receiving kidney replacement therapy: analysis of linked ANZDATA Registry and Perinatal datasets over 22 years. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Wood CH, Underwood J, Davies C, Taylor PN. Patient Characteristics and Variables Influencing Acute Medical Flow. Acute Med 2022; 21:168-175. [PMID: 36809447 DOI: 10.52964/amja.0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Waiting times are the most widely used indicator of patient flow. This project aims to analyse 24-hour variation in referrals and waiting times for patients referred to the Acute Medical Service (AMS). A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the AMS of Wales' largest hospital. Collected data included patient characteristics, referral times, waiting times and adherence to Clinical Quality Indicators (CQIs). Peak referral times were found between 11:00-19:00. Peak waiting times occurred between 17:00-01:00, which was longer on weekdays in comparison to weekends. Referrals between 17:00-21:00 had the longest waiting times with > 40% of patients failing both junior and senior CQIs. Mean and median age and NEWS were higher between 17:00-09:00. Weekday evening and nights are problematic for acute medical patient flow. Interventions, including workforce, should be targeted towards these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Wood
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK, CF14 4YS
| | - J Underwood
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board
| | - C Davies
- Acute Medicine Service Manager, Cardiff and Vale University Healthy Board
| | - P N Taylor
- Thyroid Research Group, Institute of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, CF14 4YS
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16
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Ponsford MJ, Jefferies R, Davies C, Farewell D, Humphreys IR, Jolles S, Fairbairn S, Lewis K, Menzies D, Benjamin A, Thaivalappil F, Williams C, Barry SM. Burden of nosocomial COVID-19 in Wales: results from a multicentre retrospective observational study of 2508 hospitalised adults. Thorax 2021; 76:1246-1249. [PMID: 34301738 PMCID: PMC8606436 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-216964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The burden of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection remains poorly defined. We report on the outcomes of 2508 adults with molecularly-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 admitted across 18 major hospitals, representing over 60% of those hospitalised across Wales between 1 March and 1 July 2020. Inpatient mortality for nosocomial infection ranged from 38% to 42%, consistently higher than participants with community-acquired infection (31%-35%) across a range of case definitions. Those with hospital-acquired infection were older and frailer than those infected within the community. Nosocomial diagnosis occurred a median of 30 days following admission (IQR 21-63), suggesting a window for prophylactic or postexposure interventions, alongside enhanced infection control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Ponsford
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
- Division Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rhys Jefferies
- Respiratory Health Implementation Group, NHS Wales Collaborative, Swansea, UK
- Swansea University Medical School, Institute of Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Chris Davies
- The Institute of Clinical Science and Technology, Cardiff, UK
| | - Daniel Farewell
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ian R Humphreys
- Division Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Stephen Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University of Wales Hospital, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sara Fairbairn
- Respiratory Health Implementation Group, NHS Wales Collaborative, Swansea, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Aneurin Bevan Health Board, Newport, UK
| | - Keir Lewis
- Department of Medicine, Prince Philip Hospital, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Carmarthen, UK
- College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, West Glamorgan, UK
| | - Daniel Menzies
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | - Amit Benjamin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cwm Taf University Health Board, Abercynon, UK
| | - Favas Thaivalappil
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Port Talbot, UK
| | - Chris Williams
- Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Simon M Barry
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
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17
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Wallace J, Faiz J, Lowry D, Williams A, Davies C. 923 How Did the Initial Wave Of COVID-19 Affect CEPOD Waiting Times for Vascular Surgery? A Comparative Audit. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Many vascular patients present acutely, relying on emergency theatre availability when surgical intervention is required. The prioritisation of the CEPOD operating list is a challenge, and the additional pressures of the COVID-19 pandemic have necessitated changes to established practice. The purpose of this audit was to review the effects of the pandemic on the CEPOD waiting times for vascular patients at the main centre for the South West Wales Vascular Network.
Method
The CEPOD waiting times for vascular patients during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic were compared with the same period the previous year. Data was analysed according to booking category and procedure type.
Results
98 emergency vascular procedures were performed during the initial wave of the COVID pandemic, compared to 133 in 2019. In 2019, amputations (major and minor) accounted for 47% of cases, which rose to 53% during the pandemic. Median waiting times for category 1 and 2a operations were significantly shorter in 2020, whilst category 3 waiting times rose. There was no significant difference overall in the proportion of patients operated on within the target timescale, regardless of CEPOD booking category.
Conclusions
Managing the impact of COVID-19 required change to established practice. Although fewer procedures were performed, significant logistical challenges were faced. By adjusting the organisation of CEPOD, the most urgent vascular cases were performed quicker during this time. It is important to identify and promote the positive organisational changes that have arisen as a result of COVID-19, and to continue to review procedures as the pandemic progresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wallace
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - J Faiz
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - D Lowry
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
- University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - A Williams
- University Hospital Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - C Davies
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
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18
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Sisnowski J, Vujovich-Dunn C, Gidding H, Brotherton J, Wand H, Lorch R, Veitch M, Sheppeard V, Effler P, Skinner SR, Venn A, Davies C, Hocking J, Whop L, Leask J, Canfell K, Sanci L, Smith M, Kang M, Temple-Smith M, Kidd M, Burns S, Selvey L, Meijer D, Ennis S, Thomson C, Lane N, Kaldor J, Guy R. Differences in school factors associated with adolescent HPV vaccination initiation and completion coverage in three Australian states. Vaccine 2021; 39:6117-6126. [PMID: 34493408 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schools are the primary setting for the delivery of adolescent HPV vaccination in Australia. Although this strategy has achieved generally high vaccination coverage, gaps persist for reasons that are mostly unknown. This study sought to identify school-level correlates of low vaccination course initiation and completion in New South Wales, Tasmania, and Western Australia to inform initiatives to increase uptake. METHODS Initiation was defined as the number of first doses given in a school in 2016 divided by vaccine-eligible student enrolments. Completion was the number of third doses given in a school in 2015-2016 divided by the number of first doses. Low initiation and completion were defined as coverage ≤ 25thpercentile of all reporting schools. We investigated correlations between covariates using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. Due to multicollinearity, we used univariable logistic regression to investigate associations between school characteristics and low coverage. RESULTS Median initiation was 84.7% (IQR: 75.0%-90.4%) across 1,286 schools and median completion was 93.8% (IQR: 86.0%-97.3%) across 1,295 schools. There were strong correlations between a number of school characteristics, particularly higher Indigenous student enrolments and lower attendance, increasing remoteness, higher postcode socioeconomic disadvantage, and smaller school size. Characteristics most strongly associated with low initiation in univariate analyses were small school size, location in Tasmania, and schools catering for special educational needs. Low completion was most strongly associated with schools in Tasmania and Western Australia, remote location, small size, high proportion of Indigenous student enrolments, and low attendance rates. CONCLUSION This study provides indicative evidence that characteristics of schools and school populations are associated with the likelihood of low initiation and completion of the HPV vaccination course. The findings will guide further research and help target initiatives to improve vaccination uptake in schools with profiles associated with lower coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sisnowski
- The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, High St., Kensington, New South Wales, Australia; Australian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, Canberra, Australia.
| | - C Vujovich-Dunn
- The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, High St., Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - H Gidding
- University of New South Wales, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Kensington, Australia; National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Australia; The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School, St Leonards, Australia.
| | - J Brotherton
- Population Health, VCS Foundation, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - H Wand
- The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, High St., Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - R Lorch
- The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, High St., Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - M Veitch
- Tasmanian Government, Department of Health and Human Services, Hobart, Australia.
| | - V Sheppeard
- Communicable Diseases Branch, Health Protection NSW, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - P Effler
- Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia.
| | - S R Skinner
- Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia; University of Sydney, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - A Venn
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian, Australia.
| | - C Davies
- Children's Hospital Westmead, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia; University of Sydney, Specialty of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - J Hocking
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - L Whop
- Australian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health, Canberra, Australia; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
| | - J Leask
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - K Canfell
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - L Sanci
- University of Melbourne, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - M Smith
- Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia; Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - M Kang
- University of Sydney, Westmead Clinical School, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - M Temple-Smith
- University of Melbourne, Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - M Kidd
- Flinders University, Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, South Australia, Australia.
| | - S Burns
- Curtin University, School of Population Health, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - L Selvey
- University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Queensland, Australia.
| | - D Meijer
- Immunisation Unit, Health Protection NSW, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - S Ennis
- Immunisation Unit, Health Protection NSW, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - C Thomson
- Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health, Western Australia, East Perth, Australia.
| | - N Lane
- Tasmanian Government, Department of Health and Human Services, Hobart, Australia.
| | - J Kaldor
- The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, High St., Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - R Guy
- The Kirby Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Wallace Wurth Building, High St., Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
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19
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Wood RM, Pratt AC, Murch BJ, Powell AL, Booton RD, Thomas DG, Twigger J, Diakou E, Coleborn S, Manning T, Davies C, Turner KM. Establishing an SEIR-based framework for local modelling of COVID-19 infections, hospitalisations and deaths. Health Syst (Basingstoke) 2021; 10:337-347. [PMID: 34745593 PMCID: PMC8567954 DOI: 10.1080/20476965.2021.1973348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Without timely assessments of the number of COVID-19 cases requiring hospitalisation, healthcare providers will struggle to ensure an appropriate number of beds are made available. Too few could cause excess deaths while too many could result in additional waits for elective treatment. As well as supporting capacity considerations, reliably projecting future "waves" is important to inform the nature, timing and magnitude of any localised restrictions to reduce transmission. In making the case for locally owned and locally configurable models, this paper details the approach taken by one major healthcare system in founding a multi-disciplinary "Scenario Review Working Group", comprising commissioners, public health officials and academic epidemiologists. The role of this group, which met weekly during the pandemic, was to define and maintain an evolving library of plausible scenarios to underpin projections obtained through an SEIR-based compartmental model. Outputs have informed decision-making at the system's major incident Bronze, Silver and Gold Commands. This paper presents illustrated examples of use and offers practical considerations for other healthcare systems that may benefit from such a framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Wood
- Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, National Health Service, Bristol, UK
- School of Management, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - A. C. Pratt
- Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, National Health Service, Bristol, UK
| | - B. J. Murch
- Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, National Health Service, Bristol, UK
| | - A. L. Powell
- Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, National Health Service, Bristol, UK
| | - R. D. Booton
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - D. G. Thomas
- Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, UK
| | - J. Twigger
- Public Health, Bristol City Council, Bristol, UK
| | - E. Diakou
- Business Intelligence, North Somerset Council, Weston-Super-Mare, UK
| | - S. Coleborn
- Public Health, South Gloucestershire Council, Yate, UK
| | - T. Manning
- Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, National Health Service, Bristol, UK
| | - C. Davies
- Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCG, National Health Service, Bristol, UK
| | - K. M. Turner
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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20
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Madlmeir S, Forgber T, Trogrlic M, Jajcevic D, Kape A, Contreras L, Carmody A, Liu P, Davies C, Sarkar A, Khinast JG. Modeling the coating layer thickness in a pharmaceutical coating process. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 161:105770. [PMID: 33610738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although mechanistic numerical simulations can offer great insights into a process, they are limited with respect to resolved process time. While statistical models provide long-term predictability, determining the underlying probability distributions is often challenging. In this work, detailed CFD-DEM simulations of a pharmaceutical Wurster coating process for microspheres are used to evaluate the input parameters for a novel Monte-Carlo simulation approach. The combined strengths of both modeling approaches make it possible to predict the coating mass and thickness distributions over the entire process time. It was observed that smaller beads receive a thicker coating layer since they pass the spray zone closer to the nozzle. Moreover, it was established that, in contrast to the airflow rate, the spray rate has a great impact on the inter-particle coating variability. A stochastic model was developed to investigate the relative contribution of coating layer variability and fill weight variability to the product non-uniformity in a capsule filling process of Multiple Unit Pellet Systems (MUPS).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Madlmeir
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graz, Austria
| | - T Forgber
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graz, Austria
| | - M Trogrlic
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graz, Austria
| | - D Jajcevic
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graz, Austria
| | - A Kape
- Glatt, Integrated Process Solution, Binzen, Germany
| | - L Contreras
- Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Sandwich, UK
| | - A Carmody
- Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Sandwich, UK
| | - P Liu
- Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton CT, USA
| | - C Davies
- Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton CT, USA
| | - A Sarkar
- Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Pfizer Inc., Groton CT, USA
| | - J G Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graz, Austria; Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Technical University of Graz, Austria.
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21
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HEWAWASAM E, Davies C, Gulyani A, Li Z, Clayton P, Sullivan E, McDonald S, Jesudason S. POS-184 Maternal characteristics and birth outcomes for mothers receiving kidney replacement therapy: An analysis of linked ANZDATA Registry and Perinatal datasets over 22 years. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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22
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Fadel MG, Walters U, Smith A, Bedi N, Davies C, Brock C, Dinneen M. Splenogonadal fusion: aiding detection and avoiding radical orchidectomy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 104:e32-e34. [PMID: 33739169 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenogonadal fusion is a rare benign congenital anomaly in which there is an abnormal connection between the gonad and the spleen. It was first described over 100 years ago with limited reports in the literature since then. Its similarity in presentation to testicular neoplasia poses a significant challenge in diagnosis and management, often resulting in radical orchidectomy. We present the case of a 31-year-old man who presented with a rapidly growing left-sided testicular mass and suspicious ultrasound findings; histology from the subsequent radical inguinal orchidectomy showed findings consistent with splenogonadal fusion. We describe points for consideration in the clinical history, examination and imaging that could suggest splenogonadal fusion, including preoperative technetium-99m-sulfur colloid imaging and intraoperative frozen section evaluation, which may confirm the diagnosis and prevent unnecessary orchidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Fadel
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - U Walters
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Smith
- Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - N Bedi
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Davies
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Brock
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Dinneen
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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23
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Shil A, Davies C, Gautam L, Roberts J, Chichger H. Investigating the Opposing Effect of Two Different Green Tea Supplements on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function and Cell Viability in HepG2 Cells. J Diet Suppl 2021; 19:459-482. [PMID: 33729080 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1894304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Green tea extract (GTE) improves exercise outcomes and reduces obesity. However, case studies indicate contradictory physiology regarding liver function and toxicity. We studied the effect of two different decaffeinated GTE (dGTE) products, from a non-commercial (dGTE1) and commercial (dGTE2) supplier, on hepatocyte function using the human cell model, HepG2. dGTE1 was protective against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis and cell death by attenuating oxidative stress pathways. Conversely, dGTE2 increased cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis. A bioavailability study with dGTE showed the major catechin in GTE, EGCG, reached 0.263 µg·ml-1. In vitro, at this concentration, EGCG mimicked the protective effect of dGTE1. GC/MS analysis identified steric acid and higher levels of palmitic acid in dGTE2 versus dGTE1 supplements. We demonstrate the significant biological differences between two GTE supplements which may have potential implications for manufacturers and consumers to be aware of the biological effects of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Shil
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chris Davies
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lata Gautam
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Justin Roberts
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Havovi Chichger
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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24
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Lyons J, Akbari A, Agrawal U, Harper G, Azcoaga-Lorenzo A, Bailey R, Rafferty J, Watkins A, Fry R, McCowan C, Dezateux C, Robson JP, Peek N, Holmes C, Denaxas S, Owen R, Abrams KR, John A, O'Reilly D, Richardson S, Hall M, Gale CP, Davies J, Davies C, Cross L, Gallacher J, Chess J, Brookes AJ, Lyons RA. Protocol for the development of the Wales Multimorbidity e-Cohort (WMC): data sources and methods to construct a population-based research platform to investigate multimorbidity. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047101. [PMID: 33468531 PMCID: PMC7817800 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multimorbidity is widely recognised as the presence of two or more concurrent long-term conditions, yet remains a poorly understood global issue despite increasing in prevalence.We have created the Wales Multimorbidity e-Cohort (WMC) to provide an accessible research ready data asset to further the understanding of multimorbidity. Our objectives are to create a platform to support research which would help to understand prevalence, trajectories and determinants in multimorbidity, characterise clusters that lead to highest burden on individuals and healthcare services, and evaluate and provide new multimorbidity phenotypes and algorithms to the National Health Service and research communities to support prevention, healthcare planning and the management of individuals with multimorbidity. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The WMC has been created and derived from multisourced demographic, administrative and electronic health record data relating to the Welsh population in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. The WMC consists of 2.9 million people alive and living in Wales on the 1 January 2000 with follow-up until 31 December 2019, Welsh residency break or death. Published comorbidity indices and phenotype code lists will be used to measure and conceptualise multimorbidity.Study outcomes will include: (1) a description of multimorbidity using published data phenotype algorithms/ontologies, (2) investigation of the associations between baseline demographic factors and multimorbidity, (3) identification of temporal trajectories of clusters of conditions and multimorbidity and (4) investigation of multimorbidity clusters with poor outcomes such as mortality and high healthcare service utilisation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The SAIL Databank independent Information Governance Review Panel has approved this study (SAIL Project: 0911). Study findings will be presented to policy groups, public meetings, national and international conferences, and published in peer-reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Lyons
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Ashley Akbari
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Utkarsh Agrawal
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Gill Harper
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Rowena Bailey
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - James Rafferty
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Alan Watkins
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Richard Fry
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Colin McCowan
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Carol Dezateux
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John P Robson
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Niels Peek
- Health e-Research Centre, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Chris Holmes
- Department of Statistics, Oxford University, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Spiros Denaxas
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, London, UK
| | - Rhiannon Owen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Keith R Abrams
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Ann John
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Dermot O'Reilly
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Sylvia Richardson
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marlous Hall
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Chris P Gale
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Lynsey Cross
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | | | - James Chess
- Renal Unit, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Ronan A Lyons
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
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25
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Sayan A, Plant R, Eccles B, Davies C, Ilankovan V. Recent advances in the management of cutaneous malignant melanoma: our case cohort. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 59:534-545. [PMID: 33766481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research into the management of cutaneous malignant melanoma have proven it to be a 'tough nut to crack', and its incidence has continued to increase over the last 30 years. Surgery remains a gold standard for early-stage melanoma with five-year survival of 98% for stage I disease, and 90% for stage II. Nonetheless, patients with stage III disease are at a higher risk, resulting in local recurrence as well as distant metastasis. Research regarding the control of metastatic malignant melanoma of the head and neck has evolved. Currently the search is on to understand metastatic malignant melanoma as a heterogeneous disease both at the molecular and clinical level. This paper focuses on the latest systemic therapy for metastatic disease of the head and neck, including cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and target therapy. The new eighth edition of tumour staging, and the sequelae for malignant melanoma, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), surgical intervention, and its benefits and shortfalls, are discussed. Also, the outcome of our cohort series of patients with metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma who were treated with systemic combination therapy in Dorset is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sayan
- Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.
| | - R Plant
- Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - B Eccles
- Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - C Davies
- Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
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26
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Lyons J, Akbari A, Torabi F, Davies GI, North L, Griffiths R, Bailey R, Hollinghurst J, Fry R, Turner SL, Thompson D, Rafferty J, Mizen A, Orton C, Thompson S, Au-Yeung L, Cross L, Gravenor MB, Brophy S, Lucini B, John A, Szakmany T, Davies J, Davies C, Thomas DR, Williams C, Emmerson C, Cottrell S, Connor TR, Taylor C, Pugh RJ, Diggle P, John G, Scourfield S, Hunt J, Cunningham AM, Helliwell K, Lyons R. Understanding and responding to COVID-19 in Wales: protocol for a privacy-protecting data platform for enhanced epidemiology and evaluation of interventions. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e043010. [PMID: 33087383 PMCID: PMC7580065 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergence of the novel respiratory SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent COVID-19 pandemic have required rapid assimilation of population-level data to understand and control the spread of infection in the general and vulnerable populations. Rapid analyses are needed to inform policy development and target interventions to at-risk groups to prevent serious health outcomes. We aim to provide an accessible research platform to determine demographic, socioeconomic and clinical risk factors for infection, morbidity and mortality of COVID-19, to measure the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare utilisation and long-term health, and to enable the evaluation of natural experiments of policy interventions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Two privacy-protecting population-level cohorts have been created and derived from multisourced demographic and healthcare data. The C20 cohort consists of 3.2 million people in Wales on the 1 January 2020 with follow-up until 31 May 2020. The complete cohort dataset will be updated monthly with some individual datasets available daily. The C16 cohort consists of 3 million people in Wales on the 1 January 2016 with follow-up to 31 December 2019. C16 is designed as a counterfactual cohort to provide contextual comparative population data on disease, health service utilisation and mortality. Study outcomes will: (a) characterise the epidemiology of COVID-19, (b) assess socioeconomic and demographic influences on infection and outcomes, (c) measure the impact of COVID-19 on short -term and longer-term population outcomes and (d) undertake studies on the transmission and spatial spread of infection. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Secure Anonymised Information Linkage-independent Information Governance Review Panel has approved this study. The study findings will be presented to policy groups, public meetings, national and international conferences, and published in peer-reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Lyons
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Ashley Akbari
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Fatemeh Torabi
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Gareth I Davies
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Laura North
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Rowena Griffiths
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Rowena Bailey
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Richard Fry
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Samantha L Turner
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Daniel Thompson
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - James Rafferty
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Amy Mizen
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Chris Orton
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Simon Thompson
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Lee Au-Yeung
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Lynsey Cross
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Mike B Gravenor
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Sinead Brophy
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Biagio Lucini
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Ann John
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Tamas Szakmany
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas R Connor
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Chris Taylor
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Richard J Pugh
- Glan Clwyd Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, UK
| | - Peter Diggle
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, UK
- Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK
| | - Gareth John
- NHS Wales Informatics Service, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | | | - Joe Hunt
- NHS Wales Informatics Service, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | | | | | - Ronan Lyons
- Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
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Livesey LC, Yorke E, Parra A, Gray Q, Davies C, Weldon D, Schumacher J, Kimura S, Howard C, Sierra‐Rodriguez T, Mora‐Pereira M. Use of a carbonated beverage to disintegrate a phytobezoar obstructing the intrathoracic portion of the oesophagus of a horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Livesey
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - E. Yorke
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - A. Parra
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - Q. Gray
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - C. Davies
- Tuskegee University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn AlabamaUSA
| | - D. Weldon
- Southeast Equine Veterinary Services Phenix City AlabamaUSA
| | - J. Schumacher
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
| | - S. Kimura
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
| | - C. Howard
- Bluegrass Animal Clinic Grayson Kentucky USA
| | - T. Sierra‐Rodriguez
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
| | - M. Mora‐Pereira
- J.T. Vaughan Large Animal Teaching Hospital Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn Alabama USA
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Davies C, Wright W, Wedrowicz F, Hogan FE. A DNA toolbox for non-invasive genetic studies of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor). Aust Mammalogy 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/am18032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Invasive sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) are having significant detrimental impacts on natural environments in south-eastern Australia. Little, however, is known about their ecology, limiting evidence-based management strategies directed at reducing deer impacts. Genetic data, generated from DNA isolated from deer scats, can be used to fill ecological knowledge gaps. This study outlines a non-invasive genetic sampling strategy by which good-quality DNA from a single deer scat can be used to determine (1) species of origin, (2) sex and (3) a unique DNA profile. DNA from deer tissue and sambar deer scat samples were used to develop and optimise molecular methods to collect reliable genetic information. A DNA toolbox is presented that describes how to find, collect and store scat samples, isolate DNA and use molecular markers to generate informative genetic data. Generating genetic data using this approach will support studies aimed at acquiring ecological knowledge about sambar deer. Such knowledge will be critical for developing evidence-based recommendations to improve on-ground management decisions for sambar deer.
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Davies C, El Khaleq YA, Punwani R. EBUS audit Poole Hospital: how to improve patient experience. Lung Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(20)30051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Hopkins L, Dewi M, Davies C. Do Vascular Surgery Interventions Increase Frailty? Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.06.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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McDonald S, Ullah S, Duncanson E, Dansie K, Gulyani A, Davies C, Jesudason S. SAT-032 WASTED TIME: HOW LONG DO AUSTRALIANS SPEND TRAVELLING TO HAEMODIALYSIS TREATMENTS? Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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33
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Dansie K, Davies C, Hawley C, Johnson D, Craig J, Chapman J, Cooper B, Pollock C, Harris D, McDonald S. SAT-022 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PUBLICATION OF THE INITIATING DIALYSIS EARLY AND LATE (IDEAL) STUDY AND CHANGE IN DIALYSIS INITIATION PRACTICE. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Akhtar AMA, Patel K, Chahal A, Akhtar M, Nay A, Fung K, Sekhri N, Treibel T, Westwood M, Davies C, Khanji M, Manisty C, Lorenzini M, Moon J, Petersen SE. P593Hypereosinophilic carditis (HEC): a cmr-based case series from a quaternary cardiology centre. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A M A Akhtar
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Patel
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Chahal
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Akhtar
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Nay
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Fung
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - N Sekhri
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - T Treibel
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Westwood
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - C Davies
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Khanji
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - C Manisty
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Lorenzini
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J Moon
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S E Petersen
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiology , London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Asher A, Ghelani R, Singhal A, Thornton G, Davies C, Wragg A. P113Current utility and provision of FFRCT. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez147.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Asher
- Barts Health Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Ghelani
- Barts Health Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Singhal
- Barts Health Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - G Thornton
- Barts Health Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - C Davies
- Barts Health Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Wragg
- Barts Health Trust, Greater London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Tzioras M, Davies C, Newman A, Jackson R, Spires‐Jones T. Invited Review: APOE at the interface of inflammation, neurodegeneration and pathological protein spread in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2019; 45:327-346. [PMID: 30394574 PMCID: PMC6563457 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite more than a century of research, the aetiology of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear and finding disease modifying treatments for AD presents one of the biggest medical challenges of our time. AD pathology is characterized by deposits of aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) in amyloid plaques and aggregated tau in neurofibrillary tangles. These aggregates begin in distinct brain regions and spread throughout the brain in stereotypical patterns. Neurodegeneration, comprising loss of synapses and neurons, occurs in brain regions with high tangle pathology, and an inflammatory response of glial cells appears in brain regions with pathological aggregates. Inheriting an apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) allele strongly increases the risk of developing AD for reasons that are not yet entirely clear. Substantial amounts of evidence support a role for APOE in modulating the aggregation and clearance of Aβ, and data have been accumulating recently implicating APOE4 in exacerbating neurodegeneration, tau pathology and inflammation. We hypothesize that APOE4 influences all the pathological hallmarks of AD and may sit at the interface between neurodegeneration, inflammation and the spread of pathologies through the brain. Here, we conducted a systematic search of the literature and review evidence supporting a role for APOE4 in neurodegeneration and inflammation. While there is no direct evidence yet for APOE4 influencing the spread of pathology, we postulate that this may be found in future based on the literature reviewed here. In conclusion, this review highlights the importance of understanding the role of APOE in multiple important pathological mechanisms in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Tzioras
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - C. Davies
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - A. Newman
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - R. Jackson
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA
| | - T. Spires‐Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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Pugh G, Hough R, Gravestock H, Davies C, Horder R, Fisher A. The development and user evaluation of health behaviour change resources for teenage and young adult Cancer survivors. Res Involv Engagem 2019; 5:9. [PMID: 30815279 PMCID: PMC6377718 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-019-0142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PLAIN ENGLISH SUMMARY This paper describes the methods that were used to develop a health behaviour intervention specifically for teenage and young adult cancer survivors (TYACS). The program of work, carried out in partnership with CLIC Sargent (a UK based cancer charity for children and young people) was guided by The Behaviour Change Intervention Design Process. A systematic review of existing intervention studies was carried out and TYACS were surveyed on their interest in receiving health behaviour information and their preference regarding the format, delivery and timing of such information. Health professionals were also surveyed to gather their views on how health behaviour information would be best delivered to young people with cancer. The results of these studies informed the development of a collection of health behaviour change intervention resources containing comprehensive lifestyle information and behaviour change support tools. TYACS and TYA health professionals were invited to review and provide feedback on the relevance, appeal and usability of the resources. It is hoped that by involving TYACS and TYA representatives at every stage of intervention development the problem of low uptake and adherence commonly encountered during intervention piloting will be prevented. ABSTRACT Background Teenage and Young Adult Cancer Survivors (TYACS) are advised to adopt a healthy lifestyle in order to reduce the impact of cancer and its treatments upon their long-term health. However, at present there are no interventions available in the UK to support TYACS to lead a healthy lifestyle. To inform the development of a lifestyle intervention for TYACS a partnership was set up between academic behavioural scientists and CLIC Sargent, a cancer charity which supports children and young people. Methods A series of studies to understand patient and professionals needs and perspectives regarding health behaviour change were carried out. TYACS were surveyed to gather data on their current health behaviour status; interest in, and experience of receiving, lifestyle advice; and preference regarding the type, format, and delivery of a lifestyle intervention. Health care professionals were surveyed simultaneously to gather their views on how best to promote health behaviour change to TYACS. In this paper we summarise key findings from the development work, the resulting lifestyle intervention, and new data from a preliminary evaluation study exploring TYACS and TYA health professionals' views on the relevance, appeal and usability of the intervention resources. Results A collection of health behaviour change intervention resources containing lifestyle information and behaviour change support tools were developed. These intervention resources were well received by TYACS and health professionals with the majority rating the information as high quality, helpful and relevant. Over 80% of TYACS reported they would find the support tools 'very appealing' or 'quite appealing'. TYACS and health professionals provided feedback on how the resources could be improved including commenting that more personalized or tailored health behaviour information would be beneficial. Discussion and conclusion It is hoped that by involving TYACS and TYA representatives at every stage of intervention development,and carrying out a preliminary evaluation of the intervention resources, the problem of low uptake and adherence commonly encountered during formal intervention piloting and evaluation will be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Pugh
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- Centre for Sports & Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - R. Hough
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - H. Gravestock
- CLIC Sargent, No. 1 Farriers Yard, Assembly London, 77-85 Fulham Palace Road, London, UK
| | - C. Davies
- CLIC Sargent, No. 1 Farriers Yard, Assembly London, 77-85 Fulham Palace Road, London, UK
| | - R. Horder
- CLIC Sargent, No. 1 Farriers Yard, Assembly London, 77-85 Fulham Palace Road, London, UK
| | - A. Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science & Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Nalajala N, Davies C. Leader's behaviors for promoting innovation in a multidisciplinary musculoskeletal service. Physiotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2018.11.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Hampton JO, Finch NA, Watter K, Amos M, Pople T, Moriarty A, Jacotine A, Panther D, McGhie C, Davies C, Mitchell J, Forsyth DM. A review of methods used to capture and restrain introduced wild deer in Australia. Aust Mammalogy 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/am17047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Six non-native deer species have established wild populations in Australia, and most are expanding in distribution and abundance. There is therefore increasing focus on the need to understand and manage these species. Capturing and immobilising wild deer is essential for many research and management applications, but the best methods for doing this have not been identified for the Australian situation. To address this knowledge gap, we systematically reviewed methods used to physically capture and chemically immobilise the six wild deer species in Australia. A variety of physical and chemical restraint methods have been used to capture wild deer in Australia, but these have seldom been reported in peer-reviewed publications. Physical capture methods have employed a variety of trapping and netting configurations. Some chemical immobilisation approaches have used oral baiting, but most have relied on darting of free-ranging animals or hand-injection of physically restrained deer. There is uncertainty about the efficacy and animal welfare impacts of the techniques currently used to capture wild deer in Australia. Improved reporting of capture outcomes would facilitate the identification of ‘best practice’ techniques for capturing wild deer in Australian environments.
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Brodbelt A, Williams M, Thorpe A, Mills S, Price S, Lekka E, Watts C, Davies C, Jenkinson M. P01.100 Tumour treating fields: Acceptable, tolerable, and can we reduce cost? Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy139.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Brodbelt
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Williams
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Thorpe
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Mills
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Price
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - E Lekka
- Lancashire teaching hospitals NHS Foundation trust, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - C Watts
- University hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C Davies
- Lancashire teaching hospitals NHS Foundation trust, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - M Jenkinson
- Liverpool University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Castle EV, Rathod K, Treibel T, Davies C, Guttmann O, Curtis M, Knight C, Moon J, Smith E, Weerackody R, Bourantas C, Wragg A, Mathur A, Pugliese F, Jones D. P1781An observational study assessing the value of computed tomography cardiac angiography (CTCA) in planning invasive angiographic procedures in patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG). Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E V Castle
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Rathod
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Treibel
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Davies
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - O Guttmann
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Curtis
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Knight
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Moon
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Smith
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Weerackody
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Bourantas
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Wragg
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Mathur
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Pugliese
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Jones
- Barts Health NHS Trust, Cardiac Imaging, London, United Kingdom
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42
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Dewi M, Hopkins L, Davies C. Do vascular surgery interventions increase frailty? Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Howard LS, Barden S, Condliffe R, Connolly V, Davies C, Donaldson J, Everett B, Free C, Horner D, Hunter L, Kaler J, Nelson-Piercy C, O'Dowd E, Patel R, Preston W, Sheares K, Tait C. British Thoracic Society Guideline for the initial outpatient management of pulmonary embolism. BMJ Open Respir Res 2018; 5:e000281. [PMID: 29955362 PMCID: PMC6018844 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2018-000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The following is a summary of the recommendations and good practice points for the BTS Guideline for the initial outpatient management of pulmonary embolism. Please refer to the full guideline for full information about each section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke S Howard
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Robin Condliffe
- Pulmonary Vascular Disease Unit, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Catherine Free
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust, Nuneaton, UK
| | - Daniel Horner
- Emergency Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
- The Royal College of Emergency Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Jasvinder Kaler
- Cardiovascular Department, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Emma O'Dowd
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Raj Patel
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Wendy Preston
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust, Nuneaton, UK
| | - Karen Sheares
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Campbell Tait
- Department of Haematology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
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Gahkani A, Piotrowski C, Haberl B, Wilcock P, Davies C. 115 Rapid Determination of Proximates and Amino Acids in Corn Distillers Grains Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B Haberl
- Iowa Select Farms, Iowa Falls, IA
| | - P Wilcock
- AB Vista, Marlborough, United Kingdom
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Fusar-Poli P, Palombini E, Davies C, Oliver D, Bonoldi I, Ramella-Cravaro V, McGuire P. Why transition risk to psychosis is not declining at the OASIS ultra high risk service: The hidden role of stable pretest risk enrichment. Schizophr Res 2018; 192:385-390. [PMID: 28734908 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reason for declining risk to psychosis across individuals assessed and meeting Ultra High Risk (UHR) criteria is still unclear. No studies have investigated the potential substantial role of the underlying risk enrichment across all the individuals undergoing an UHR assessment. METHODS Cohort study including all non-psychotic subjects who were assessed on suspicion of psychosis risk by the OASIS UHR service in the period 2001 to 2015. Posttest (after UHR assessment) and pretest risk (before UHR assessment) of psychosis were stratified and compared across three time periods (2001-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015) with Cox analysis and modulating factors were investigated. RESULTS The posttest risk of psychosis at the OASIS service has increased from the initial pilot years of the service (2001-2005) and then stabilised and not declined over the following decade (2006-2010 and 2011-2015). This was paralleled by a similar course of pretest risk for psychosis. Stability of pretest risk for psychosis over the past decade was associated with a lack of change in ethnicity and to counterweighting changes in the type of referral sources over different time periods. CONCLUSIONS The time course of transition risk to psychosis in UHR services is strictly associated with the time course of pretest risk enrichment. If the latter remains stable over time, as for the OASIS service, no declining transition risk is observed over the most recent years. Pretest risk enrichment is determined by recruitment and sampling strategies. This study confirms the need to control these factors in the UHR field.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom; OASIS Service, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - E Palombini
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Davies
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Oliver
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Bonoldi
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom; OASIS Service, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - V Ramella-Cravaro
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - P McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- KS Joseph
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and the School of Population and Public Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
- Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - M Basso
- Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - C Davies
- Children's and Women's Hospital and Health Centre of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - L Lee
- Perinatal Services BC; Provincial Health Services Authority; Vancouver BC Canada
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Murray RM, Englund A, Abi-Dargham A, Lewis DA, Di Forti M, Davies C, Sherif M, McGuire P, D'Souza DC. Cannabis-associated psychosis: Neural substrate and clinical impact. Neuropharmacology 2017. [PMID: 28634109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prospective epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated that cannabis use is associated with an increased subsequent risk of both psychotic symptoms and schizophrenia-like psychoses. Early onset of use, daily use of high-potency cannabis, and synthetic cannabinoids carry the greatest risk. The risk-increasing effects are not explained by shared genetic predisposition between schizophrenia and cannabis use. Experimental studies in healthy humans show that cannabis and its active ingredient, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), can produce transient, dose-dependent, psychotic symptoms, as well as an array of psychosis-relevant behavioral, cognitive and psychophysiological effects; the psychotogenic effects can be ameliorated by cannabidiol (CBD). Findings from structural imaging studies in cannabis users have been inconsistent but functional MRI studies have linked the psychotomimetic and cognitive effects of THC to activation in brain regions implicated in psychosis. Human PET studies have shown that acute administration of THC weakly releases dopamine in the striatum but that chronic users are characterised by low striatal dopamine. We are beginning to understand how cannabis use impacts on the endocannabinoid system but there is much still to learn about the biological mechanisms underlying how cannabis increases risk of psychosis. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "A New Dawn in Cannabinoid Neurobiology".
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Murray
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK.
| | - A Englund
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - A Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York, USA
| | - D A Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburg, PA, USA
| | - M Di Forti
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - C Davies
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - M Sherif
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, CT, USA
| | - P McGuire
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - D C D'Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, CT, USA
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Forster AS, McBride KA, Davies C, Stoney T, Marshall H, McGeechan K, Cooper SC, Skinner SR. Development and validation of measures to evaluate adolescents' knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV), involvement in HPV vaccine decision-making, self-efficacy to receive the vaccine and fear and anxiety. Public Health 2017; 147:77-83. [PMID: 28404501 PMCID: PMC5476903 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We describe the development and validation of measures of human papillomavirus (HPV)/HPV vaccination knowledge, fear/anxiety about vaccination, involvement in HPV vaccine decision-making, and self-efficacy with regard to getting the vaccine, designed to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to affect these domains (collectively termed the HAVIQ: HPV Adolescent Vaccine Intervention Questionnaire). STUDY DESIGN Literature search, cognitive interviews and cross-sectional survey. METHODS A literature search identified existing items that were modified for the present measures. Experts reviewed draft measures for face and content validity. Cognitive interviews with adolescents were also used to assess content validity. Adolescents completed the measures and an internal reliability analysis of each measure was performed. RESULTS The four experts concurred that the measures had face validity. Cognitive interviews identified items requiring refinement. Content validity was examined with ten experts and was deemed acceptable. There were 1800 adolescents who completed the measures; Cronbach's alpha was >0.6 for three of the four measures. The four final measures are brief, comprising 25 items in total. CONCLUSIONS The measures are robustly developed and validity-tested. The HAVIQ may be used in research settings to evaluate adolescents' knowledge and experiences of the process of HPV vaccination in a school-based vaccination programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Forster
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - K A McBride
- Centre for Health Research, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia
| | - C Davies
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Children's Hospital Westmead, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - T Stoney
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - H Marshall
- Vaccinology and Immunology Research Trials Unit, Women's and Children's Health Network and Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - K McGeechan
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S C Cooper
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Policy, New York, USA
| | - S R Skinner
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Children's Hospital Westmead, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Nicholas M, Davies C, Nock K, Bailey K, Barker C, Player L, Thomas H. Can censoring of research outputs be automated to ensure robust data protection? Int J Popul Data Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v1i1.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
BackgroundGuidance regarding research outputs recommends censoring so that even when aggregating anonymised linked data no cell should have less than 5 -10 units. This is recommended to decrease the likelihood of re- identification. Leaving those cells empty is not adequate if other cells can be used to identify the numerical value of that cell. Some outputs necessitate a large number of tables to be exported this will become more common. This was the case where the outputs from a research study involved several large tables which drove a front end interactive visualisation. As linked data outputs are used to make operational decisions which necessitates timely data outputs of large amount of aggregated data this issue will be more common. Human scanning of all tables may not be time or cost effective and can be subject to human error.
ApproachMany methods of censoring were considered including Barnardisation (adding or subtracting 1 randomly to small numbers) suppression and a combination of methods. It was then necessary to code the methods to ensure that censoring was implemented in all cells in the output and that the output was still meaningful. It was then necessary to check the outputs for quality and introduce an ‘audit’ system to ensure that the quality was maintained but did not impact on the outputs of the findings.
DiscussionSoftware engineers were able to develop an algorithm that performed safe censoring using a level of ‘10 or under’. It also ensured that the statistical tables were still functional. The presentation will describe how this was done and demonstrate some examples of the impact on the output. Some stakeholders felt that the censoring of the anonymised aggregated data went beyond the ‘reasonable effort’ required to re- identify individuals. Some expressed the opinion that the lack of detail and missing data that this method results in is excessive and has been sacrificed for the sake of minimal risk. Some stakeholders felt the risks had been allowed to outweigh the societal benefits. The team were assured that although the censoring may be considered excessive by some it did ensure safe censoring and offered as low a risk a possible for re-identification. However routine implementation of this method has not been agreed.
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Do M, Kirkovski M, Davies C, Enticott P, Byrne L. The neuroplastic effects of multisite stimulation - a continuous theta burst investigation. Brain Stimul 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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