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Kasselimi E, Pefani DE, Taraviras S, Lygerou Z. Ribosomal DNA and the nucleolus at the heart of aging. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:328-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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2
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Zampetidis CP, Galanos P, Angelopoulou A, Zhu Y, Polyzou A, Karamitros T, Kotsinas A, Lagopati N, Mourkioti I, Mirzazadeh R, Polyzos A, Garnerone S, Mizi A, Gusmao EG, Sofiadis K, Gál Z, Larsen DH, Pefani DE, Demaria M, Tsirigos A, Crosetto N, Maya-Mendoza A, Papaspyropoulos A, Evangelou K, Bartek J, Papantonis A, Gorgoulis VG. A recurrent chromosomal inversion suffices for driving escape from oncogene-induced senescence via subTAD reorganization. Mol Cell 2021; 81:4907-4923.e8. [PMID: 34793711 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is an inherent and important tumor suppressor mechanism. However, if not removed timely via immune surveillance, senescent cells also have detrimental effects. Although this has mostly been attributed to the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of these cells, we recently proposed that "escape" from the senescent state is another unfavorable outcome. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains elusive. Here, we exploit genomic and functional data from a prototypical human epithelial cell model carrying an inducible CDC6 oncogene to identify an early-acquired recurrent chromosomal inversion that harbors a locus encoding the circadian transcription factor BHLHE40. This inversion alone suffices for BHLHE40 activation upon CDC6 induction and driving cell cycle re-entry of senescent cells, and malignant transformation. Ectopic overexpression of BHLHE40 prevented induction of CDC6-triggered senescence. We provide strong evidence in support of replication stress-induced genomic instability being a causative factor underlying "escape" from oncogene-induced senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos P Zampetidis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Galanos
- Genome Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Andriani Angelopoulou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Yajie Zhu
- Translational Epigenetics Group, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Polyzou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Timokratis Karamitros
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Applied Genomics, Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mourkioti
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Reza Mirzazadeh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandros Polyzos
- Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Silvano Garnerone
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Athanasia Mizi
- Translational Epigenetics Group, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eduardo G Gusmao
- Translational Epigenetics Group, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Sofiadis
- Translational Epigenetics Group, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zita Gál
- Nucleolar Stress and Disease Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorthe H Larsen
- Nucleolar Stress and Disease Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Marco Demaria
- University of Groningen (RUG), European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nicola Crosetto
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Apolinar Maya-Mendoza
- DNA Replication and Cancer Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angelos Papaspyropoulos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Translational Epigenetics Group, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, M20 4GJ Manchester, UK; Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7YH, UK.
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3
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Komseli ES, Pateras IS, Krejsgaard T, Stawiski K, Rizou SV, Polyzos A, Roumelioti FM, Chiourea M, Mourkioti I, Paparouna E, Zampetidis CP, Gumeni S, Trougakos IP, Pefani DE, O'Neill E, Gagos S, Eliopoulos AG, Fendler W, Chowdhury D, Bartek J, Gorgoulis VG. Correction to: A prototypical non-malignant epithelial model to study genome dynamics and concurrently monitor micro-RNAs and proteins in situ during oncogene-induced senescence. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:327. [PMID: 33952190 PMCID: PMC8101183 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eirini-Stavroula Komseli
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis S Pateras
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Thorbjørn Krejsgaard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3c, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konrad Stawiski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 15 Mazowiecka St., 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sophia V Rizou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Polyzos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Fani-Marlen Roumelioti
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Chiourea
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mourkioti
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Paparouna
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos P Zampetidis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Eric O'Neill
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarantis Gagos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristides G Eliopoulos
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology-Hellas, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 15 Mazowiecka St., 92-215, Lodz, Poland.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hněvotínská, 1333/5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527, Athens, Greece. .,Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St., GR-11527, Athens, Greece. .,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4QL, UK.
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Papaspyropoulos A, Bradley L, Thapa A, Leung CY, Toskas K, Koennig D, Pefani DE, Raso C, Grou C, Hamilton G, Vlahov N, Grawenda A, Haider S, Chauhan J, Buti L, Kanapin A, Lu X, Buffa F, Dianov G, von Kriegsheim A, Matallanas D, Samsonova A, Zernicka-Goetz M, O'Neill E. RASSF1A uncouples Wnt from Hippo signalling and promotes YAP mediated differentiation via p73. Nat Commun 2018; 9:424. [PMID: 29382819 PMCID: PMC5789973 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02786-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition from pluripotency to differentiation is a pivotal yet poorly understood developmental step. Here, we show that the tumour suppressor RASSF1A is a key player driving the early specification of cell fate. RASSF1A acts as a natural barrier to stem cell self-renewal and iPS cell generation, by switching YAP from an integral component in the β-catenin-TCF pluripotency network to a key factor that promotes differentiation. We demonstrate that epigenetic regulation of the Rassf1A promoter maintains stemness by allowing a quaternary association of YAP-TEAD and β-catenin-TCF3 complexes on the Oct4 distal enhancer. However, during differentiation, promoter demethylation allows GATA1-mediated RASSF1A expression which prevents YAP from contributing to the TEAD/β-catenin-TCF3 complex. Simultaneously, we find that RASSF1A promotes a YAP-p73 transcriptional programme that enables differentiation. Together, our findings demonstrate that RASSF1A mediates transcription factor selection of YAP in stem cells, thereby acting as a functional "switch" between pluripotency and initiation of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Papaspyropoulos
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Leanne Bradley
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Asmita Thapa
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Chuen Yan Leung
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Konstantinos Toskas
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Delia Koennig
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Cinzia Raso
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Claudia Grou
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Garth Hamilton
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Nikola Vlahov
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Anna Grawenda
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- Applied Computational Genomics, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jagat Chauhan
- Applied Computational Genomics, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Ludovico Buti
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alexander Kanapin
- Bioinformatics Research Core, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Xin Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Francesca Buffa
- Applied Computational Genomics, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Grigory Dianov
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | | | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anastasia Samsonova
- Bioinformatics Research Core, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
- The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
- Department of Physiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Eric O'Neill
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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5
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Komseli ES, Pateras IS, Krejsgaard T, Stawiski K, Rizou SV, Polyzos A, Roumelioti FM, Chiourea M, Mourkioti I, Paparouna E, Zampetidis CP, Gumeni S, Trougakos IP, Pefani DE, O’Neill E, Gagos S, Eliopoulos AG, Fendler W, Chowdhury D, Bartek J, Gorgoulis VG. A prototypical non-malignant epithelial model to study genome dynamics and concurrently monitor micro-RNAs and proteins in situ during oncogene-induced senescence. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:37. [PMID: 29321003 PMCID: PMC5763532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senescence is a fundamental biological process implicated in various pathologies, including cancer. Regarding carcinogenesis, senescence signifies, at least in its initial phases, an anti-tumor response that needs to be circumvented for cancer to progress. Micro-RNAs, a subclass of regulatory, non-coding RNAs, participate in senescence regulation. At the subcellular level micro-RNAs, similar to proteins, have been shown to traffic between organelles influencing cellular behavior. The differential function of micro-RNAs relative to their subcellular localization and their role in senescence biology raises concurrent in situ analysis of coding and non-coding gene products in senescent cells as a necessity. However, technical challenges have rendered in situ co-detection unfeasible until now. METHODS In the present report we describe a methodology that bypasses these technical limitations achieving for the first time simultaneous detection of both a micro-RNA and a protein in the biological context of cellular senescence, utilizing the new commercially available SenTraGorTM compound. The method was applied in a prototypical human non-malignant epithelial model of oncogene-induced senescence that we generated for the purposes of the study. For the characterization of this novel system, we applied a wide range of cellular and molecular techniques, as well as high-throughput analysis of the transcriptome and micro-RNAs. RESULTS This experimental setting has three advantages that are presented and discussed: i) it covers a "gap" in the molecular carcinogenesis field, as almost all corresponding in vitro models are fibroblast-based, even though the majority of neoplasms have epithelial origin, ii) it recapitulates the precancerous and cancerous phases of epithelial tumorigenesis within a short time frame under the light of natural selection and iii) it uses as an oncogenic signal, the replication licensing factor CDC6, implicated in both DNA replication and transcription when over-expressed, a characteristic that can be exploited to monitor RNA dynamics. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, we demonstrate that our model is optimal for studying the molecular basis of epithelial carcinogenesis shedding light on the tumor-initiating events. The latter may reveal novel molecular targets with clinical benefit. Besides, since this method can be incorporated in a wide range of low, medium or high-throughput image-based approaches, we expect it to be broadly applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini-Stavroula Komseli
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis S. Pateras
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Thorbjørn Krejsgaard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3c, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konrad Stawiski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 15 Mazowiecka St. 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sophia V. Rizou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Polyzos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Fani-Marlen Roumelioti
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Chiourea
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mourkioti
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Paparouna
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos P. Zampetidis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Eric O’Neill
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Sarantis Gagos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristides G. Eliopoulos
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology-Hellas, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 15 Mazowiecka St. 92-215, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hněvotínská, 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4QL UK
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6
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Arbi M, Pefani DE, Taraviras S, Lygerou Z. Controlling centriole numbers: Geminin family members as master regulators of centriole amplification and multiciliogenesis. Chromosoma 2017; 127:151-174. [PMID: 29243212 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-017-0652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To ensure that the genetic material is accurately passed down to daughter cells during mitosis, dividing cells must duplicate their chromosomes and centrosomes once and only once per cell cycle. The same key steps-licensing, duplication, and segregation-control both the chromosome and the centrosome cycle, which must occur in concert to safeguard genome integrity. Aberrations in genome content or centrosome numbers lead to genomic instability and are linked to tumorigenesis. Such aberrations, however, can also be part of the normal life cycle of specific cell types. Multiciliated cells best exemplify the deviation from a normal centrosome cycle. They are post-mitotic cells which massively amplify their centrioles, bypassing the rule for once-per-cell-cycle centriole duplication. Hundreds of centrioles dock to the apical cell surface and generate motile cilia, whose concerted movement ensures fluid flow across epithelia. The early steps that control the generation of multiciliated cells have lately started to be elucidated. Geminin and the vertebrate-specific GemC1 and McIdas are distantly related coiled-coil proteins, initially identified as cell cycle regulators associated with the chromosome cycle. Geminin is required to ensure once-per-cell-cycle genome replication, while McIdas and GemC1 bind to Geminin and are implicated in DNA replication control. Recent findings highlight Geminin family members as early regulators of multiciliogenesis. GemC1 and McIdas specify the multiciliate cell fate by forming complexes with the E2F4/5 transcription factors to switch on a gene expression program leading to centriole amplification and cilia formation. Positive and negative interactions among Geminin family members may link cell cycle control to centriole amplification and multiciliogenesis, acting close to the point of transition from proliferation to differentiation. We review key steps of centrosome duplication and amplification, present the role of Geminin family members in the centrosome and chromosome cycle, and discuss links with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arbi
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece.,CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece.
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7
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Pefani DE, Pankova D, Abraham AG, Grawenda AM, Vlahov N, Scrace S, O' Neill E. TGF-β Targets the Hippo Pathway Scaffold RASSF1A to Facilitate YAP/SMAD2 Nuclear Translocation. Mol Cell 2016; 63:156-66. [PMID: 27292796 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic inactivation of the Hippo pathway scaffold RASSF1A is associated with poor prognosis in a wide range of sporadic human cancers. Loss of expression reduces tumor suppressor activity and promotes genomic instability, but how this pleiotropic biomarker is regulated at the protein level is unknown. Here we show that TGF-β is the physiological signal that stimulates RASSF1A degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In response to TGF-β, RASSF1A is recruited to TGF-β receptor I and targeted for degradation by the co-recruited E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH. RASSF1A degradation is necessary to permit Hippo pathway effector YAP1 association with SMADs and subsequent nuclear translocation of receptor-activated SMAD2. We find that RASSF1A expression regulates TGF-β-induced YAP1/SMAD2 interaction and leads to SMAD2 cytoplasmic retention and inefficient transcription of TGF-β targets genes. Moreover, RASSF1A limits TGF-β induced invasion, offering a new framework on how RASSF1A affects YAP1 transcriptional output and elicits its tumor-suppressive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Daniela Pankova
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Aswin G Abraham
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Anna M Grawenda
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Nikola Vlahov
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Simon Scrace
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Eric O' Neill
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology and Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ UK.
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Arbi M, Pefani DE, Kyrousi C, Lalioti ME, Kalogeropoulou A, Papanastasiou AD, Taraviras S, Lygerou Z. GemC1 controls multiciliogenesis in the airway epithelium. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:400-13. [PMID: 26882546 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201540882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells are terminally differentiated, post-mitotic cells that form hundreds of motile cilia on their apical surface. Defects in multiciliated cells lead to disease, including mucociliary clearance disorders that result from ciliated cell disfunction in airways. The pathway controlling multiciliogenesis, however, remains poorly characterized. We showed that GemC1, previously implicated in cell cycle control, is a central regulator of ciliogenesis. GemC1 is specifically expressed in ciliated epithelia. Ectopic expression of GemC1 is sufficient to induce early steps of multiciliogenesis in airway epithelial cells ex vivo, upregulating McIdas and FoxJ1, key transcriptional regulators of multiciliogenesis. GemC1 directly transactivates the McIdas and FoxJ1 upstream regulatory sequences, and its activity is enhanced by E2F5 and inhibited by Geminin. GemC1-knockout mice are born with airway epithelia devoid of multiciliated cells. Our results identify GemC1 as an essential regulator of ciliogenesis in the airway epithelium and a candidate gene for mucociliary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arbi
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Christina Kyrousi
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Lalioti
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Stavros Taraviras
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Kyrousi C, Arbi M, Pilz GA, Pefani DE, Lalioti ME, Ninkovic J, Götz M, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S. Mcidas and GemC1 are key regulators for the generation of multiciliated ependymal cells in the adult neurogenic niche. Development 2015; 142:3661-74. [PMID: 26395491 DOI: 10.1242/dev.126342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiciliated cells are abundant in the epithelial surface of different tissues, including cells lining the walls of the lateral ventricles in the brain and the airway epithelium. Their main role is to control fluid flow and defects in their differentiation are implicated in many human disorders, such as hydrocephalus, accompanied by defects in adult neurogenesis and mucociliary disorder in the airway system. Here we show that Mcidas, which is mutated in human mucociliary clearance disorder, and GemC1 (Gmnc or Lynkeas), previously implicated in cell cycle progression, are key regulators of multiciliated ependymal cell generation in the mouse brain. Overexpression and knockdown experiments show that Mcidas and GemC1 are sufficient and necessary for cell fate commitment and differentiation of radial glial cells to multiciliated ependymal cells. Furthermore, we show that GemC1 and Mcidas operate in hierarchical order, upstream of Foxj1 and c-Myb transcription factors, which are known regulators of ependymal cell generation, and that Notch signaling inhibits GemC1 and Mcidas function. Our results suggest that Mcidas and GemC1 are key players in the generation of multiciliated ependymal cells of the adult neurogenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kyrousi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Marina Arbi
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Gregor-Alexander Pilz
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Lalioti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Jovica Ninkovic
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany Physiological Genomics, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany Physiological Genomics, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
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Pefani DE, Latusek R, Pires I, Grawenda AM, Yee KS, Hamilton G, van der Weyden L, Esashi F, Hammond EM, O'Neill E. RASSF1A-LATS1 signalling stabilizes replication forks by restricting CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of BRCA2. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:531. [PMID: 25812526 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Pefani DE, Latusek R, Pires I, Grawenda AM, Yee KS, Hamilton G, van der Weyden L, Esashi F, Hammond EM, O’Neill E. RASSF1A-LATS1 signalling stabilizes replication forks by restricting CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of BRCA2. Nat Cell Biol 2014; 16:962-71, 1-8. [PMID: 25218637 PMCID: PMC4861244 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability is a key hallmark of cancer leading to tumour heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. BRCA2 has a fundamental role in error-free DNA repair but also sustains genome integrity by promoting RAD51 nucleofilament formation at stalled replication forks. CDK2 phosphorylates BRCA2 (pS3291-BRCA2) to limit stabilizing contacts with polymerized RAD51; however, how replication stress modulates CDK2 activity and whether loss of pS3291-BRCA2 regulation results in genomic instability of tumours are not known. Here we demonstrate that the Hippo pathway kinase LATS1 interacts with CDK2 in response to genotoxic stress to constrain pS3291-BRCA2 and support RAD51 nucleofilaments, thereby maintaining genomic fidelity during replication stalling. We also show that LATS1 forms part of an ATR-mediated response to replication stress that requires the tumour suppressor RASSF1A. Importantly, perturbation of the ATR-RASSF1A-LATS1 signalling axis leads to genomic defects associated with loss of BRCA2 function and contributes to genomic instability and 'BRCA-ness' in lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Latusek
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Isabel Pires
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Anna M. Grawenda
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Karen S. Yee
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Garth Hamilton
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | | | - Fumiko Esashi
- Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Ester M. Hammond
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Eric O’Neill
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Dept. of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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Caillat C, Pefani DE, Gillespie PJ, Taraviras S, Blow JJ, Lygerou Z, Perrakis A. The Geminin and Idas coiled coils preferentially form a heterodimer that inhibits Geminin function in DNA replication licensing. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:31624-34. [PMID: 24064211 PMCID: PMC3814758 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.491928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Geminin is an important regulator of proliferation and differentiation in metazoans, which predominantly inhibits the DNA replication licensing factor Cdt1, preventing genome over-replication. We show that Geminin preferentially forms stable coiled-coil heterodimers with its homologue, Idas. In contrast to Idas-Geminin heterodimers, Idas homodimers are thermodynamically unstable and are unlikely to exist as a stable macromolecule under physiological conditions. The crystal structure of the homology regions of Idas in complex with Geminin showed a tight head-to-head heterodimeric coiled-coil. This Idas-Geminin heterodimer binds Cdt1 less strongly than Geminin-Geminin, still with high affinity (∼30 nm), but with notably different thermodynamic properties. Consistently, in Xenopus egg extracts, Idas-Geminin is less active in licensing inhibition compared with a Geminin-Geminin homodimer. In human cultured cells, ectopic expression of Idas leads to limited over-replication, which is counteracted by Geminin co-expression. The properties of the Idas-Geminin complex suggest it as the functional form of Idas and provide a possible mechanism to modulate Geminin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Caillat
- From the Division of Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J. Gillespie
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom, and
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26505 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - J. Julian Blow
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, United Kingdom, and
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26505 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Anastassis Perrakis
- From the Division of Biochemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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