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Zhang C, Jolly A, Shayota BJ, Mazzeu JF, Du H, Dawood M, Soper PC, Ramalho de Lima A, Ferreira BM, Coban-Akdemir Z, White J, Shears D, Thomson FR, Douglas SL, Wainwright A, Bailey K, Wordsworth P, Oldridge M, Lester T, Calder AD, Dumic K, Banka S, Donnai D, Jhangiani SN, Potocki L, Chung WK, Mora S, Northrup H, Ashfaq M, Rosenfeld JA, Mason K, Pollack LC, McConkie-Rosell A, Kelly W, McDonald M, Hauser NS, Leahy P, Powell CM, Boy R, Honjo RS, Kok F, Martelli LR, Filho VO, Genomics England Research Consortium, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Posey JE, Liu P, Lupski JR, Sutton VR, Carvalho CM. Novel pathogenic variants and quantitative phenotypic analyses of Robinow syndrome: WNT signaling perturbation and phenotypic variability. HGG Adv 2022; 3:100074. [PMID: 35047859 PMCID: PMC8756549 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2021.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Robinow syndrome (RS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder with six genes that converge on the WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway implicated (DVL1, DVL3, FZD2, NXN, ROR2, and WNT5A). RS is characterized by skeletal dysplasia and distinctive facial and physical characteristics. To further explore the genetic heterogeneity, paralog contribution, and phenotypic variability of RS, we investigated a cohort of 22 individuals clinically diagnosed with RS from 18 unrelated families. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in genes associated with RS or RS phenocopies were identified in all 22 individuals, including the first variant to be reported in DVL2. We retrospectively collected medical records of 16 individuals from this cohort and extracted clinical descriptions from 52 previously published cases. We performed Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) based quantitative phenotypic analyses to dissect allele-specific phenotypic differences. Individuals with FZD2 variants clustered into two groups with demonstrable phenotypic differences between those with missense and truncating alleles. Probands with biallelic NXN variants clustered together with the majority of probands carrying DVL1, DVL2, and DVL3 variants, demonstrating no phenotypic distinction between the NXN-autosomal recessive and dominant forms of RS. While phenotypically similar diseases on the RS differential matched through HPO analysis, clustering using phenotype similarity score placed RS-associated phenotypes in a unique cluster containing WNT5A, FZD2, and ROR2 apart from non-RS-associated paralogs. Through human phenotype analyses of this RS cohort and OMIM clinical synopses of Mendelian disease, this study begins to tease apart specific biologic roles for non-canonical WNT-pathway proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Angad Jolly
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian J. Shayota
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juliana F. Mazzeu
- University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70050, Brazil
- Robinow Syndrome Foundation, Anoka, MN 55303, USA
| | - Haowei Du
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Moez Dawood
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | - Zeynep Coban-Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, UTHealth, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Janson White
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Deborah Shears
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK
| | - Fraser Robert Thomson
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK
| | | | - Andrew Wainwright
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK
| | - Kathryn Bailey
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Nuffield Orthopedic Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK
| | - Paul Wordsworth
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Mike Oldridge
- Oxford Regional Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Tracy Lester
- Oxford Regional Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Alistair D. Calder
- Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Katja Dumic
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Clinical Center Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Center for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | | | - Lorraine Potocki
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sara Mora
- GeneDx Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Hope Northrup
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) and Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Myla Ashfaq
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) and Children’s Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kati Mason
- GeneDx Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
- Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL 32806, USA
| | | | | | - Wei Kelly
- Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Natalie S. Hauser
- Medical Genetics, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
| | - Peter Leahy
- Cook Children's Hospital, Fort Worth, TX 76104, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Powell
- Division of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Raquel Boy
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941, Brazil
| | - Rachel Sayuri Honjo
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança - Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508, Brasil
| | - Fernando Kok
- Mendelics Análise Genômica, São Paulo 04013, Brasil
| | - Lucia R. Martelli
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508, Brazil
| | - Vicente Odone Filho
- Instituto de Tratamento do Câncer Infantil, São Paulo University Medical School, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05508, Brasil
| | | | - Donna M. Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - James R. Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - V. Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Claudia M.B. Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, BCM, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute (PNRI), Seattle, WA 98122, USA
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2
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Voisin N, Schnur RE, Douzgou S, Hiatt SM, Rustad CF, Brown NJ, Earl DL, Keren B, Levchenko O, Geuer S, Verheyen S, Johnson D, Zarate YA, Hančárová M, Amor DJ, Bebin EM, Blatterer J, Brusco A, Cappuccio G, Charrow J, Chatron N, Cooper GM, Courtin T, Dadali E, Delafontaine J, Del Giudice E, Doco M, Douglas G, Eisenkölbl A, Funari T, Giannuzzi G, Gruber-Sedlmayr U, Guex N, Heron D, Holla ØL, Hurst ACE, Juusola J, Kronn D, Lavrov A, Lee C, Lorrain S, Merckoll E, Mikhaleva A, Norman J, Pradervand S, Prchalová D, Rhodes L, Sanders VR, Sedláček Z, Seebacher HA, Sellars EA, Sirchia F, Takenouchi T, Tanaka AJ, Taska-Tench H, Tønne E, Tveten K, Vitiello G, Vlčková M, Uehara T, Nava C, Yalcin B, Kosaki K, Donnai D, Mundlos S, Brunetti-Pierri N, Chung WK, Reymond A. Variants in the degron of AFF3 are associated with intellectual disability, mesomelic dysplasia, horseshoe kidney, and epileptic encephalopathy. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:857-873. [PMID: 33961779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ALF transcription factor paralogs, AFF1, AFF2, AFF3, and AFF4, are components of the transcriptional super elongation complex that regulates expression of genes involved in neurogenesis and development. We describe an autosomal dominant disorder associated with de novo missense variants in the degron of AFF3, a nine amino acid sequence important for its binding to ubiquitin ligase, or with de novo deletions of this region. The sixteen affected individuals we identified, along with two previously reported individuals, present with a recognizable pattern of anomalies, which we named KINSSHIP syndrome (KI for horseshoe kidney, NS for Nievergelt/Savarirayan type of mesomelic dysplasia, S for seizures, H for hypertrichosis, I for intellectual disability, and P for pulmonary involvement), partially overlapping the AFF4-associated CHOPS syndrome. Whereas homozygous Aff3 knockout mice display skeletal anomalies, kidney defects, brain malformations, and neurological anomalies, knockin animals modeling one of the microdeletions and the most common of the missense variants identified in affected individuals presented with lower mesomelic limb deformities like KINSSHIP-affected individuals and early lethality, respectively. Overexpression of AFF3 in zebrafish resulted in body axis anomalies, providing some support for the pathological effect of increased amount of AFF3. The only partial phenotypic overlap of AFF3- and AFF4-associated syndromes and the previously published transcriptome analyses of ALF transcription factors suggest that these factors are not redundant and each contributes uniquely to proper development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norine Voisin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Rhonda E Schnur
- GeneDx, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA; Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Division of Genetics, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Susan M Hiatt
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Cecilie F Rustad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Natasha J Brown
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | | | - Boris Keren
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe de Recherche Clinique Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme UPMC, Paris 75013, France
| | - Olga Levchenko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | - Sinje Geuer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany; Institute for Medical and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Sarah Verheyen
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Diana Johnson
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield S10 2TQ, UK
| | - Yuri A Zarate
- Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72701, USA
| | - Miroslava Hančárová
- Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - E Martina Bebin
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jasmin Blatterer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples 80131, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples 80078, Italy
| | - Joel Charrow
- Division of Genetics, Birth Defects & Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nicolas Chatron
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Genetics Department, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon 69007, France
| | - Gregory M Cooper
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Thomas Courtin
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe de Recherche Clinique Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme UPMC, Paris 75013, France
| | - Elena Dadali
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115522, Russia
| | | | - Ennio Del Giudice
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Martine Doco
- Secteur Génétique, CHU Reims, EA3801, SFR CAPSANTE, 51092 Reims, France
| | | | - Astrid Eisenkölbl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Krankenhausstraße 26-30, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | | | - Giuliana Giannuzzi
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Gruber-Sedlmayr
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Nicolas Guex
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Bioinformatics Competence Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Heron
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe de Recherche Clinique Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme UPMC, Paris 75013, France
| | - Øystein L Holla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, 3710 Skien, Norway
| | - Anna C E Hurst
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | | | - David Kronn
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | | | - Crystle Lee
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Séverine Lorrain
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Protein Analysis Facility, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Else Merckoll
- Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Mikhaleva
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | | | - Sylvain Pradervand
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Darina Prchalová
- Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Victoria R Sanders
- Division of Genetics, Birth Defects & Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Zdeněk Sedláček
- Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Heidelis A Seebacher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Elizabeth A Sellars
- Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72701, USA
| | - Fabio Sirchia
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste 34100, Italy
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
| | - Akemi J Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Heidi Taska-Tench
- Division of Genetics, Birth Defects & Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elin Tønne
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Tveten
- Department of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital Trust, 3710 Skien, Norway
| | - Giuseppina Vitiello
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Markéta Vlčková
- Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomoko Uehara
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
| | - Caroline Nava
- Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe de Recherche Clinique Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme UPMC, Paris 75013, France
| | - Binnaz Yalcin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch 67404, France
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9WL, UK; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany; Institute for Medical and Human Genetics, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples 80131, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples 80078, Italy
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
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McDermott JH, Burn J, Donnai D, Newman WG. The rise of point-of-care genetics: how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will accelerate adoption of genetic testing in the acute setting. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:891-893. [PMID: 33589764 PMCID: PMC7883875 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-021-00816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John H McDermott
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK. .,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - John Burn
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,QuantuMDx Group Ltd, Lugano Building, 57 Melbourne St, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 2JQ, UK.,The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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4
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den Hoed J, de Boer E, Voisin N, Dingemans AJM, Guex N, Wiel L, Nellaker C, Amudhavalli SM, Banka S, Bena FS, Ben-Zeev B, Bonagura VR, Bruel AL, Brunet T, Brunner HG, Chew HB, Chrast J, Cimbalistienė L, Coon H, Délot EC, Démurger F, Denommé-Pichon AS, Depienne C, Donnai D, Dyment DA, Elpeleg O, Faivre L, Gilissen C, Granger L, Haber B, Hachiya Y, Abedi YH, Hanebeck J, Hehir-Kwa JY, Horist B, Itai T, Jackson A, Jewell R, Jones KL, Joss S, Kashii H, Kato M, Kattentidt-Mouravieva AA, Kok F, Kotzaeridou U, Krishnamurthy V, Kučinskas V, Kuechler A, Lavillaureix A, Liu P, Manwaring L, Matsumoto N, Mazel B, McWalter K, Meiner V, Mikati MA, Miyatake S, Mizuguchi T, Moey LH, Mohammed S, Mor-Shaked H, Mountford H, Newbury-Ecob R, Odent S, Orec L, Osmond M, Palculict TB, Parker M, Petersen AK, Pfundt R, Preikšaitienė E, Radtke K, Ranza E, Rosenfeld JA, Santiago-Sim T, Schwager C, Sinnema M, Snijders Blok L, Spillmann RC, Stegmann APA, Thiffault I, Tran L, Vaknin-Dembinsky A, Vedovato-Dos-Santos JH, Schrier Vergano SA, Vilain E, Vitobello A, Wagner M, Waheeb A, Willing M, Zuccarelli B, Kini U, Newbury DF, Kleefstra T, Reymond A, Fisher SE, Vissers LELM. Mutation-specific pathophysiological mechanisms define different neurodevelopmental disorders associated with SATB1 dysfunction. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:346-356. [PMID: 33513338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Whereas large-scale statistical analyses can robustly identify disease-gene relationships, they do not accurately capture genotype-phenotype correlations or disease mechanisms. We use multiple lines of independent evidence to show that different variant types in a single gene, SATB1, cause clinically overlapping but distinct neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical evaluation of 42 individuals carrying SATB1 variants identified overt genotype-phenotype relationships, associated with different pathophysiological mechanisms, established by functional assays. Missense variants in the CUT1 and CUT2 DNA-binding domains result in stronger chromatin binding, increased transcriptional repression, and a severe phenotype. In contrast, variants predicted to result in haploinsufficiency are associated with a milder clinical presentation. A similarly mild phenotype is observed for individuals with premature protein truncating variants that escape nonsense-mediated decay, which are transcriptionally active but mislocalized in the cell. Our results suggest that in-depth mutation-specific genotype-phenotype studies are essential to capture full disease complexity and to explain phenotypic variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joery den Hoed
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6500 AH Nijmegen, the Netherlands; International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6500 AH Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elke de Boer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Norine Voisin
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander J M Dingemans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Guex
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Bioinformatics Competence Center, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurens Wiel
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics of the Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christoffer Nellaker
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Shivarajan M Amudhavalli
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Frederique S Bena
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruria Ben-Zeev
- Edmomd and Lilly Safra Pediatric Hospital, Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Vincent R Bonagura
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- UMR1231-Inserm, Génétique des Anomalies du développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France; Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF6254 Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21070 Dijon, France
| | - Theresa Brunet
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Han G Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, and MHeNS School for Mental health and Neuroscience, PO Box 5800, 6202AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hui B Chew
- Department of Genetics, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Jalan Pahang, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jacqueline Chrast
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loreta Cimbalistienė
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Hilary Coon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Emmanuèlle C Délot
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Children's Research Institute and Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Florence Démurger
- Department of clinical genetics, Vannes hospital, 56017 Vannes, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- UMR1231-Inserm, Génétique des Anomalies du développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France; Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF6254 Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21070 Dijon, France
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - David A Dyment
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical Center, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UMR1231-Inserm, Génétique des Anomalies du développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, 21079 Dijon, France; Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire Médecine Translationnelle et Anomalies du Développement (TRANSLAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, 21079 Dijon, France
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leslie Granger
- Department of Rehabilitation and Development, Randall Children's Hospital at Legacy Emanuel Medical Center, Portland, OR 97227, USA
| | - Benjamin Haber
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yasuo Hachiya
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0042, Japan
| | - Yasmin Hamzavi Abedi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA; Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Jennifer Hanebeck
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jayne Y Hehir-Kwa
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Toshiyuki Itai
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Adam Jackson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Rosalyn Jewell
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
| | - Kelly L Jones
- Division of Medical Genetics & Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Shelagh Joss
- West of Scotland Centre for Genomic Medicine, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Hirofumi Kashii
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0042, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan
| | | | - Fernando Kok
- Mendelics Genomic Analysis, Sao Paulo, SP 04013-000, Brazil; University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Urania Kotzaeridou
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Vaidutis Kučinskas
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alma Kuechler
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Alinoë Lavillaureix
- CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Linda Manwaring
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Benoît Mazel
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, 21079 Dijon, France
| | | | - Vardiella Meiner
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical Center, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mohamad A Mikati
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Satoko Miyatake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizuguchi
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Lip H Moey
- Department of Genetics, Penang General Hospital, Jalan Residensi, 10990 Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Shehla Mohammed
- Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Hagar Mor-Shaked
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical Center, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hayley Mountford
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Headington Campus, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Ruth Newbury-Ecob
- Clinical Genetics, St Michael's Hospital Bristol, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8EG, UK
| | - Sylvie Odent
- CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR, Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest, ERN ITHACA, Hôpital Sud, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Laura Orec
- Division of Child Neurology and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthew Osmond
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada
| | | | - Michael Parker
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK
| | - Andrea K Petersen
- Department of Rehabilitation and Development, Randall Children's Hospital at Legacy Emanuel Medical Center, Portland, OR 97227, USA
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eglė Preikšaitienė
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kelly Radtke
- Clinical Genomics Department, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Ranza
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Medigenome, Swiss Institute of Genomic Medicine, 1207 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Caitlin Schwager
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Margje Sinnema
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, azM, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Medicine Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lot Snijders Blok
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6500 AH Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca C Spillmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, azM, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Thiffault
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Linh Tran
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Samantha A Schrier Vergano
- Division of Medical Genetics & Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Eric Vilain
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Children's Research Institute and Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- UMR1231-Inserm, Génétique des Anomalies du développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21070 Dijon, France; Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, UF6254 Innovation en diagnostic génomique des maladies rares, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon, 21070 Dijon, France
| | - Matias Wagner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - Androu Waheeb
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 5B2, Canada; Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Marcia Willing
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA
| | - Britton Zuccarelli
- The University of Kansas School of Medicine Salina Campus, Salina, KS 67401, USA
| | - Usha Kini
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Dianne F Newbury
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Headington Campus, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Tjitske Kleefstra
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6500 AH Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Lisenka E L M Vissers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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5
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Kumar R, Palmer E, Gardner AE, Carroll R, Banka S, Abdelhadi O, Donnai D, Elgersma Y, Curry CJ, Gardham A, Suri M, Malla R, Brady LI, Tarnopolsky M, Azmanov DN, Atkinson V, Black M, Baynam G, Dreyer L, Hayeems RZ, Marshall CR, Costain G, Wessels MW, Baptista J, Drummond J, Leffler M, Field M, Gecz J. Expanding Clinical Presentations Due to Variations in THOC2 mRNA Nuclear Export Factor. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:12. [PMID: 32116545 PMCID: PMC7026477 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple TREX mRNA export complex subunits (e.g., THOC1, THOC2, THOC5, THOC6, THOC7) have now been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), neurodegeneration and cancer. We previously implicated missense and splicing-defective THOC2 variants in NDDs and a broad range of other clinical features. Here we report 10 individuals from nine families with rare missense THOC2 variants including the first case of a recurrent variant (p.Arg77Cys), and an additional individual with an intragenic THOC2 microdeletion (Del-Ex37-38). Ex vivo missense variant testing and patient-derived cell line data from current and published studies show 9 of the 14 missense THOC2 variants result in reduced protein stability. The splicing-defective and deletion variants result in a loss of small regions of the C-terminal THOC2 RNA binding domain (RBD). Interestingly, reduced stability of THOC2 variant proteins has a flow-on effect on the stability of the multi-protein TREX complex; specifically on the other NDD-associated THOC subunits. Our current, expanded cohort refines the core phenotype of THOC2 NDDs to language disorder and/or ID, with a variable severity, and disorders of growth. A subset of affected individuals' has severe-profound ID, persistent hypotonia and respiratory abnormalities. Further investigations to elucidate the pathophysiological basis for this severe phenotype are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Kumar
- Adelaide Medical School and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Palmer
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah, NSW, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison E. Gardner
- Adelaide Medical School and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Renee Carroll
- Adelaide Medical School and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ola Abdelhadi
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Dian Donnai
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ype Elgersma
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cynthia J. Curry
- Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alice Gardham
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Mohnish Suri
- Nottingham Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, and the 100,000 Genomes Project and the Genomics England Research Consortium, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rishikesh Malla
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Lauren Ilana Brady
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dimitar N. Azmanov
- Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Vanessa Atkinson
- Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Michael Black
- Department of Diagnostic Genomics, PathWest, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia Medical School, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren Dreyer
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Linear Clinical Research, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robin Z. Hayeems
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian R. Marshall
- Genome Diagnostics, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory Costain
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marja W. Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julia Baptista
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - James Drummond
- Neuroradiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Leffler
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Field
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Jozef Gecz
- Adelaide Medical School and the Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Childhood Disability Prevention, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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6
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Gorman KM, Meyer E, Grozeva D, Spinelli E, McTague A, Sanchis-Juan A, Carss KJ, Bryant E, Reich A, Schneider AL, Pressler RM, Simpson MA, Debelle GD, Wassmer E, Morton J, Sieciechowicz D, Jan-Kamsteeg E, Paciorkowski AR, King MD, Cross JH, Poduri A, Mefford HC, Scheffer IE, Haack TB, McCullagh G, Millichap JJ, Carvill GL, Clayton-Smith J, Maher ER, Raymond FL, Kurian MA, McRae JF, Clayton S, Fitzgerald TW, Kaplanis J, Prigmore E, Rajan D, Sifrim A, Aitken S, Akawi N, Alvi M, Ambridge K, Barrett DM, Bayzetinova T, Jones P, Jones WD, King D, Krishnappa N, Mason LE, Singh T, Tivey AR, Ahmed M, Anjum U, Archer H, Armstrong R, Awada J, Balasubramanian M, Banka S, Baralle D, Barnicoat A, Batstone P, Baty D, Bennett C, Berg J, Bernhard B, Bevan AP, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Blair E, Blyth M, Bohanna D, Bourdon L, Bourn D, Bradley L, Brady A, Brent S, Brewer C, Brunstrom K, Bunyan DJ, Burn J, Canham N, Castle B, Chandler K, Chatzimichali E, Cilliers D, Clarke A, Clasper S, Clayton-Smith J, Clowes V, Coates A, Cole T, Colgiu I, Collins A, Collinson MN, Connell F, Cooper N, Cox H, Cresswell L, Cross G, Crow Y, D’Alessandro M, Dabir T, Davidson R, Davies S, de Vries D, Dean J, Deshpande C, Devlin G, Dixit A, Dobbie A, Donaldson A, Donnai D, Donnelly D, Donnelly C, Douglas A, Douzgou S, Duncan A, Eason J, Ellard S, Ellis I, Elmslie F, Evans K, Everest S, Fendick T, Fisher R, Flinter F, Foulds N, Fry A, Fryer A, Gardiner C, Gaunt L, Ghali N, Gibbons R, Gill H, Goodship J, Goudie D, Gray E, Green A, Greene P, Greenhalgh L, Gribble S, Harrison R, Harrison L, Harrison V, Hawkins R, He L, Hellens S, Henderson A, Hewitt S, Hildyard L, Hobson E, Holden S, Holder M, Holder S, Hollingsworth G, Homfray T, Humphreys M, Hurst J, Hutton B, Ingram S, Irving M, Islam L, Jackson A, Jarvis J, Jenkins L, Johnson D, Jones E, Josifova D, Joss S, Kaemba B, Kazembe S, Kelsell R, Kerr B, Kingston H, Kini U, Kinning E, Kirby G, Kirk C, Kivuva E, Kraus A, Kumar D, Kumar VKA, Lachlan K, Lam W, Lampe A, Langman C, Lees M, Lim D, Longman C, Lowther G, Lynch SA, Magee A, Maher E, Male A, Mansour S, Marks K, Martin K, Maye U, McCann E, McConnell V, McEntagart M, McGowan R, McKay K, McKee S, McMullan DJ, McNerlan S, McWilliam C, Mehta S, Metcalfe K, Middleton A, Miedzybrodzka Z, Miles E, Mohammed S, Montgomery T, Moore D, Morgan S, Morton J, Mugalaasi H, Murday V, Murphy H, Naik S, Nemeth A, Nevitt L, Newbury-Ecob R, Norman A, O’Shea R, Ogilvie C, Ong KR, Park SM, Parker MJ, Patel C, Paterson J, Payne S, Perrett D, Phipps J, Pilz DT, Pollard M, Pottinger C, Poulton J, Pratt N, Prescott K, Price S, Pridham A, Procter A, Purnell H, Quarrell O, Ragge N, Rahbari R, Randall J, Rankin J, Raymond L, Rice D, Robert L, Roberts E, Roberts J, Roberts P, Roberts G, Ross A, Rosser E, Saggar A, Samant S, Sampson J, Sandford R, Sarkar A, Schweiger S, Scott R, Scurr I, Selby A, Seller A, Sequeira C, Shannon N, Sharif S, Shaw-Smith C, Shearing E, Shears D, Sheridan E, Simonic I, Singzon R, Skitt Z, Smith A, Smith K, Smithson S, Sneddon L, Splitt M, Squires M, Stewart F, Stewart H, Straub V, Suri M, Sutton V, Swaminathan GJ, Sweeney E, Tatton-Brown K, Taylor C, Taylor R, Tein M, Temple IK, Thomson J, Tischkowitz M, Tomkins S, Torokwa A, Treacy B, Turner C, Turnpenny P, Tysoe C, Vandersteen A, Varghese V, Vasudevan P, Vijayarangakannan P, Vogt J, Wakeling E, Wallwark S, Waters J, Weber A, Wellesley D, Whiteford M, Widaa S, Wilcox S, Wilkinson E, Williams D, Williams N, Wilson L, Woods G, Wragg C, Wright M, Yates L, Yau M, Nellåker C, Parker M, Firth HV, Wright CF, FitzPatrick DR, Barrett JC, Hurles ME, Al Turki S, Anderson C, Anney R, Antony D, Artigas MS, Ayub M, Balasubramaniam S, Barrett JC, Barroso I, Beales P, Bentham J, Bhattacharya S, Birney E, Blackwood D, Bobrow M, Bochukova E, Bolton P, Bounds R, Boustred C, Breen G, Calissano M, Carss K, Chatterjee K, Chen L, Ciampi A, Cirak S, Clapham P, Clement G, Coates G, Collier D, Cosgrove C, Cox T, Craddock N, Crooks L, Curran S, Curtis D, Daly A, Day-Williams A, Day IN, Down T, Du Y, Dunham I, Edkins S, Ellis P, Evans D, Faroogi S, Fatemifar G, Fitzpatrick DR, Flicek P, Flyod J, Foley AR, Franklin CS, Futema M, Gallagher L, Geihs M, Geschwind D, Griffin H, Grozeva D, Guo X, Guo X, Gurling H, Hart D, Hendricks A, Holmans P, Howie B, Huang L, Hubbard T, Humphries SE, Hurles ME, Hysi P, Jackson DK, Jamshidi Y, Jing T, Joyce C, Kaye J, Keane T, Keogh J, Kemp J, Kennedy K, Kolb-Kokocinski A, Lachance G, Langford C, Lawson D, Lee I, Lek M, Liang J, Lin H, Li R, Li Y, Liu R, Lönnqvist J, Lopes M, Iotchkova V, MacArthur D, Marchini J, Maslen J, Massimo M, Mathieson I, Marenne G, McGuffin P, McIntosh A, McKechanie AG, McQuillin A, Metrustry S, Mitchison H, Moayyeri A, Morris J, Muntoni F, Northstone K, O'Donnovan M, Onoufriadis A, O'Rahilly S, Oualkacha K, Owen MJ, Palotie A, Panoutsopoulou K, Parker V, Parr JR, Paternoster L, Paunio T, Payne F, Pietilainen O, Plagnol V, Quaye L, Quail MA, Raymond L, Rehnström K, Ring S, Ritchie GR, Roberts N, Savage DB, Scambler P, Schiffels S, Schmidts M, Schoenmakers N, Semple RK, Serra E, Sharp SI, Shin SY, Skuse D, Small K, Southam L, Spasic-Boskovic O, St Clair D, Stalker J, Stevens E, St Pourcian B, Sun J, Suvisaari J, Tachmazidou I, Tobin MD, Valdes A, Van Kogelenberg M, Vijayarangakannan P, Visscher PM, Wain LV, Walters JT, Wang G, Wang J, Wang Y, Ward K, Wheeler E, Whyte T, Williams H, Williamson KA, Wilson C, Wong K, Xu C, Yang J, Zhang F, Zhang P, Aitman T, Alachkar H, Ali S, Allen L, Allsup D, Ambegaonkar G, Anderson J, Antrobus R, Armstrong R, Arno G, Arumugakani G, Ashford S, Astle W, Attwood A, Austin S, Bacchelli C, Bakchoul T, Bariana TK, Baxendale H, Bennett D, Bethune C, Bibi S, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Bleda M, Boggard H, Bolton-Maggs P, Booth C, Bradley JR, Brady A, Brown M, Browning M, Bryson C, Burns S, Calleja P, Canham N, Carmichael J, Carss K, Caulfield M, Chalmers E, Chandra A, Chinnery P, Chitre M, Church C, Clement E, Clements-Brod N, Clowes V, Coghlan G, Collins P, Cooper N, Creaser-Myers A, DaCosta R, Daugherty L, Davies S, Davis J, De Vries M, Deegan P, Deevi SV, Deshpande C, Devlin L, Dewhurst E, Doffinger R, Dormand N, Drewe E, Edgar D, Egner W, Erber WN, Erwood M, Everington T, Favier R, Firth H, Fletcher D, Flinter F, Fox JC, Frary A, Freson K, Furie B, Furnell A, Gale D, Gardham A, Gattens M, Ghali N, Ghataorhe PK, Ghurye R, Gibbs S, Gilmour K, Gissen P, Goddard S, Gomez K, Gordins P, Gräf S, Greene D, Greenhalgh A, Greinacher A, Grigoriadou S, Grozeva D, Hackett S, Hadinnapola C, Hague R, Haimel M, Halmagyi C, Hammerton T, Hart D, Hayman G, Heemskerk JW, Henderson R, Hensiek A, Henskens Y, Herwadkar A, Holden S, Holder M, Holder S, Hu F, Huissoon A, Humbert M, Hurst J, James R, Jolles S, Josifova D, Kazmi R, Keeling D, Kelleher P, Kelly AM, Kennedy F, Kiely D, Kingston N, Koziell A, Krishnakumar D, Kuijpers TW, Kumararatne D, Kurian M, Laffan MA, Lambert MP, Allen HL, Lawrie A, Lear S, Lees M, Lentaigne C, Liesner R, Linger R, Longhurst H, Lorenzo L, Machado R, Mackenzie R, MacLaren R, Maher E, Maimaris J, Mangles S, Manson A, Mapeta R, Markus HS, Martin J, Masati L, Mathias M, Matser V, Maw A, McDermott E, McJannet C, Meacham S, Meehan S, Megy K, Mehta S, Michaelides M, Millar CM, Moledina S, Moore A, Morrell N, Mumford A, Murng S, Murphy E, Nejentsev S, Noorani S, Nurden P, Oksenhendler E, Ouwehand WH, Papadia S, Park SM, Parker A, Pasi J, Patch C, Paterson J, Payne J, Peacock A, Peerlinck K, Penkett CJ, Pepke-Zaba J, Perry DJ, Pollock V, Polwarth G, Ponsford M, Qasim W, Quinti I, Rankin S, Rankin J, Raymond FL, Rehnstrom K, Reid E, Rhodes CJ, Richards M, Richardson S, Richter A, Roberts I, Rondina M, Rosser E, Roughley C, Rue-Albrecht K, Samarghitean C, Sanchis-Juan A, Sandford R, Santra S, Sargur R, Savic S, Schulman S, Schulze H, Scott R, Scully M, Seneviratne S, Sewell C, Shamardina O, Shipley D, Simeoni I, Sivapalaratnam S, Smith K, Sohal A, Southgate L, Staines S, Staples E, Stauss H, Stein P, Stephens J, Stirrups K, Stock S, Suntharalingam J, Tait RC, Talks K, Tan Y, Thachil J, Thaventhiran J, Thomas E, Thomas M, Thompson D, Thrasher A, Tischkowitz M, Titterton C, Toh CH, Toshner M, Treacy C, Trembath R, Tuna S, Turek W, Turro E, Van Geet C, Veltman M, Vogt J, von Ziegenweldt J, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Wakeling E, Wanjiku I, Warner TQ, Wassmer E, Watkins H, Webster A, Welch S, Westbury S, Wharton J, Whitehorn D, Wilkins M, Willcocks L, Williamson C, Woods G, Wort J, Yeatman N, Yong P, Young T, Yu P. Bi-allelic Loss-of-Function CACNA1B Mutations in Progressive Epilepsy-Dyskinesia. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:948-956. [PMID: 30982612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of non-epileptic hyperkinetic movements in the context of developmental epileptic encephalopathies is an increasingly recognized phenomenon. Identification of causative mutations provides an important insight into common pathogenic mechanisms that cause both seizures and abnormal motor control. We report bi-allelic loss-of-function CACNA1B variants in six children from three unrelated families whose affected members present with a complex and progressive neurological syndrome. All affected individuals presented with epileptic encephalopathy, severe neurodevelopmental delay (often with regression), and a hyperkinetic movement disorder. Additional neurological features included postnatal microcephaly and hypotonia. Five children died in childhood or adolescence (mean age of death: 9 years), mainly as a result of secondary respiratory complications. CACNA1B encodes the pore-forming subunit of the pre-synaptic neuronal voltage-gated calcium channel Cav2.2/N-type, crucial for SNARE-mediated neurotransmission, particularly in the early postnatal period. Bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in CACNA1B are predicted to cause disruption of Ca2+ influx, leading to impaired synaptic neurotransmission. The resultant effect on neuronal function is likely to be important in the development of involuntary movements and epilepsy. Overall, our findings provide further evidence for the key role of Cav2.2 in normal human neurodevelopment.
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Schanze I, Bunt J, Lim JWC, Schanze D, Dean RJ, Alders M, Blanchet P, Attié-Bitach T, Berland S, Boogert S, Boppudi S, Bridges CJ, Cho MT, Dobyns WB, Donnai D, Douglas J, Earl DL, Edwards TJ, Faivre L, Fregeau B, Genevieve D, Gérard M, Gatinois V, Holder-Espinasse M, Huth SF, Izumi K, Kerr B, Lacaze E, Lakeman P, Mahida S, Mirzaa GM, Morgan SM, Nowak C, Peeters H, Petit F, Pilz DT, Puechberty J, Reinstein E, Rivière JB, Santani AB, Schneider A, Sherr EH, Smith-Hicks C, Wieland I, Zackai E, Zhao X, Gronostajski RM, Zenker M, Richards LJ. NFIB Haploinsufficiency Is Associated with Intellectual Disability and Macrocephaly. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:752-768. [PMID: 30388402 PMCID: PMC6218805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor I (NFI) family of transcription factors play an important role in normal development of multiple organs. Three NFI family members are highly expressed in the brain, and deletions or sequence variants in two of these, NFIA and NFIX, have been associated with intellectual disability (ID) and brain malformations. NFIB, however, has not previously been implicated in human disease. Here, we present a cohort of 18 individuals with mild ID and behavioral issues who are haploinsufficient for NFIB. Ten individuals harbored overlapping microdeletions of the chromosomal 9p23-p22.2 region, ranging in size from 225 kb to 4.3 Mb. Five additional subjects had point sequence variations creating a premature termination codon, and three subjects harbored single-nucleotide variations resulting in an inactive protein as determined using an in vitro reporter assay. All individuals presented with additional variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including muscular hypotonia, motor and speech delay, attention deficit disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and behavioral abnormalities. While structural brain anomalies, including dysgenesis of corpus callosum, were variable, individuals most frequently presented with macrocephaly. To determine whether macrocephaly could be a functional consequence of NFIB disruption, we analyzed a cortex-specific Nfib conditional knockout mouse model, which is postnatally viable. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging and histology, we demonstrate that Nfib conditional knockout mice have enlargement of the cerebral cortex but preservation of overall brain structure and interhemispheric connectivity. Based on our findings, we propose that haploinsufficiency of NFIB causes ID with macrocephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Jens Bunt
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Jonathan W C Lim
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Ryan J Dean
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Marielle Alders
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Blanchet
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Tania Attié-Bitach
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Congenital Malformations, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité and Imagine Institute, Paris 75015, France
| | - Siren Berland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Steven Boogert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Sangamitra Boppudi
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Caitlin J Bridges
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | | | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences, and University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Jessica Douglas
- Boston Children's Hospital - The Feingold Center, Waltham, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dawn L Earl
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Timothy J Edwards
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; The Faculty of Medicine Brisbane, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Laurence Faivre
- UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21079, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est et FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon 21079, France
| | - Brieana Fregeau
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David Genevieve
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Marion Gérard
- Service de Génétique, CHU de Caen - Hôpital Clémenceau, Caen Cedex 14000, France
| | - Vincent Gatinois
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Muriel Holder-Espinasse
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France; Department of Clinical Genetics, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Samuel F Huth
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences, and University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Elodie Lacaze
- Department of genetics, Le Havre Hospital, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Phillis Lakeman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Sonal Mahida
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ghayda M Mirzaa
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), University of Washington and Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Sian M Morgan
- All Wales Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - Catherine Nowak
- Boston Children's Hospital - The Feingold Center, Waltham, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hilde Peeters
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Florence Petit
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Daniela T Pilz
- West of Scotland Genetics Service, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Eyal Reinstein
- Medical Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21079, France; Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Interrégion Est et FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Dijon 21079, France; Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Avni B Santani
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anouck Schneider
- INSERM U1183, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Génétique clinique, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Centre de référence anomalies du développement SORO, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Elliott H Sherr
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Ilse Wieland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard M Gronostajski
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Genetics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
| | - Linda J Richards
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Medicine Brisbane, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Lumaka A, Cosemans N, Lulebo Mampasi A, Mubungu G, Mvuama N, Lubala T, Mbuyi-Musanzayi S, Breckpot J, Holvoet M, de Ravel T, Van Buggenhout G, Peeters H, Donnai D, Mutesa L, Verloes A, Lukusa Tshilobo P, Devriendt K. Facial dysmorphism is influenced by ethnic background of the patient and of the evaluator. Clin Genet 2017; 92:166-171. [PMID: 27925162 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of facial dysmorphism is a critical step toward reaching a diagnostic. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability to interpret facial morphology in African children with intellectual disability (ID). First, 10 experienced clinicians (five from Africa and five from Europe) rated gestalt in 127 African non-Down Syndrome (non-DS) patients using either the score 2 for 'clearly dysmorphic', 0 for 'clearly non dysmorphic' or 1 for 'uncertain'. The inter-rater agreement was determined using kappa coefficient. There was only fair agreement between African and European raters (kappa-coefficient = 0.29). Second, we applied the FDNA Face2Gene solution to assess Down Syndrome (DS) faces. Initially, Face2Gene showed a better recognition rate for DS in Caucasian (80%) compared to African (36.8%). We trained the Face2Gene with a set of African DS and non-DS photographs. Interestingly, the recognition in African increased to 94.7%. Thus, training improved the sensitivity of Face2Gene. Our data suggest that human based evaluation is influenced by ethnic background of the evaluator. In addition, computer based evaluation indicates that the ethnic of the patient also influences the evaluation and that training may increase the detection specificity for a particular ethnic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lumaka
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo.,Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - N Cosemans
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Lulebo Mampasi
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - G Mubungu
- Center for Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - N Mvuama
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - T Lubala
- Sendwe University Hospitals, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, DR Congo
| | - S Mbuyi-Musanzayi
- Sendwe University Hospitals, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, DR Congo
| | - J Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Holvoet
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T de Ravel
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Van Buggenhout
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Peeters
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - L Mutesa
- Center for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Butare, Rwanda
| | - A Verloes
- Département de Génétique, CHU Paris - Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - P Lukusa Tshilobo
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo.,Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DR Congo.,Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, DR Congo
| | - K Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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9
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Donnai D. Ronald David Gregg Tunbridge. Assoc Med J 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i4637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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van Karnebeek CDM, Bonafé L, Wen XY, Tarailo-Graovac M, Balzano S, Royer-Bertrand B, Ashikov A, Garavelli L, Mammi I, Turolla L, Breen C, Donnai D, Cormier-Daire V, Heron D, Nishimura G, Uchikawa S, Campos-Xavier B, Rossi A, Hennet T, Brand-Arzamendi K, Rozmus J, Harshman K, Stevenson BJ, Girardi E, Superti-Furga G, Dewan T, Collingridge A, Halparin J, Ross CJ, Van Allen MI, Rossi A, Engelke UF, Kluijtmans LAJ, van der Heeft E, Renkema H, de Brouwer A, Huijben K, Zijlstra F, Heise T, Boltje T, Wasserman WW, Rivolta C, Unger S, Lefeber DJ, Wevers RA, Superti-Furga A. NANS-mediated synthesis of sialic acid is required for brain and skeletal development. Nat Genet 2016; 48:777-84. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.3578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bögershausen N, Tsai IC, Pohl E, Kiper PÖS, Beleggia F, Percin EF, Keupp K, Matchan A, Milz E, Alanay Y, Kayserili H, Liu Y, Banka S, Kranz A, Zenker M, Wieczorek D, Elcioglu N, Prontera P, Lyonnet S, Meitinger T, Stewart AF, Donnai D, Strom TM, Boduroglu K, Yigit G, Li Y, Katsanis N, Wollnik B. RAP1-mediated MEK/ERK pathway defects in Kabuki syndrome. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3585-99. [PMID: 26280580 DOI: 10.1172/jci80102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic disorder Kabuki syndrome (KS) is characterized by developmental delay and congenital anomalies. Dominant mutations in the chromatin regulators lysine (K)-specific methyltransferase 2D (KMT2D) (also known as MLL2) and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A) underlie the majority of cases. Although the functions of these chromatin-modifying proteins have been studied extensively, the physiological systems regulated by them are largely unknown. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a mutation in RAP1A that was converted to homozygosity as the result of uniparental isodisomy (UPD) in a patient with KS and a de novo, dominant mutation in RAP1B in a second individual with a KS-like phenotype. We elucidated a genetic and functional interaction between the respective KS-associated genes and their products in zebrafish models and patient cell lines. Specifically, we determined that dysfunction of known KS genes and the genes identified in this study results in aberrant MEK/ERK signaling as well as disruption of F-actin polymerization and cell intercalation. Moreover, these phenotypes could be rescued in zebrafish models by rebalancing MEK/ERK signaling via administration of small molecule inhibitors of MEK. Taken together, our studies suggest that the KS pathophysiology overlaps with the RASopathies and provide a potential direction for treatment design.
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Beleza-Meireles A, Hart R, Clayton-Smith J, Oliveira R, Reis CF, Venâncio M, Ramos F, Sá J, Ramos L, Cunha E, Pires LM, Carreira IM, Scholey R, Wright R, Urquhart JE, Briggs TA, Kerr B, Kingston H, Metcalfe K, Donnai D, Newman WG, Saraiva JM, Tassabehji M. Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum: clinical and molecular analysis of 51 patients. Eur J Med Genet 2015. [PMID: 26206081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS OMIM 164210) is a craniofacial developmental disorder affecting the development of the structures derived from the 1st and the 2nd branchial arches during embryogenesis, with consequential maxillary, mandibular, and ear abnormalities. The phenotype in OAVS is variable and associated clinical features can involve the cardiac, renal, skeletal, and central nervous systems. Its aetiology is still poorly understood. METHODS We have evaluated the clinical phenotypes of 51 previously unpublished patients with OAVS and their parents, and performed comparative genomic hybridization microarray studies to identify potential causative loci. RESULTS Of all 51 patients, 16 (31%) had a family history of OAVS. Most had no relevant pre-natal history and only 5 (10%) cases had a history of environmental exposures that have previously been described as risk factors for OAVS. In 28 (55%) cases, the malformations were unilateral. When the involvement was bilateral, it was asymmetric. Ear abnormalities were present in 47 (92%) patients (unilateral in 24; and bilateral in 23). Hearing loss was common (85%), mostly conductive, but also sensorineural, or a combination of both. Hemifacial microsomia was present in 46 (90%) patients (17 also presented facial nerve palsy). Ocular anomalies were present in 15 (29%) patients. Vertebral anomalies were confirmed in 10 (20%) cases; 50% of those had additional heart, brain and/or other organ abnormalities. Brain abnormalities were present in 5 (10%) patients; developmental delay was more common among these patients. Limb abnormalities were found in 6 (12%) patients, and urogenital anomalies in 5 (10%). Array-CGH analysis identified 22q11 dosage anomalies in 10 out of 22 index cases screened. DISCUSSION In this study we carried out in-depth phenotyping of OAVS in a large, multicentre cohort. Clinical characteristics are in line with those reported previously, however, we observed a higher incidence of hemifacial microsomia and lower incidence of ocular anomalies. Furthermore our data suggests that OAVS patients with vertebral anomalies or congenital heart defects have a higher frequency of additional brain, limb or other malformations. We had a higher rate of familial cases in our cohort in comparison with previous reports, possibly because these cases were referred preferentially to our genetic clinic where family members underwent examination. We propose that familial OAVS cases show phenotypic variability, hence, affected relatives might have been misclassified in previous reports. Moreover, in view of its phenotypic variability, OAVS is potentially a spectrum of conditions, which overlap with other conditions, such as mandibulofacial dysostosis. Array CGH in our cohort identified recurrent dosage anomalies on 22q11, which may contribute to, or increase the risk of OAVS. We hypothesize that although the 22q11 locus may harbour gene(s) or regulatory elements that play a role in the regulation of craniofacial symmetry and 1st and 2nd branchial arch development, OAVS is a heterogeneous condition and many cases have a multifactorial aetiology or are caused by mutations in as yet unidentified gene(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beleza-Meireles
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Rachel Hart
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Mersey Regional Genetic Service, Alder Hey Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust as part of Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Renata Oliveira
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Falcão Reis
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Margarida Venâncio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fabiana Ramos
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Sá
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lina Ramos
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elizabete Cunha
- Unidade Hematologia Molecular, Serviço de Hematologia, CHUC, Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Pires
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Laboratório de Citogenética e Genómica - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques Carreira
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Laboratório de Citogenética e Genómica - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rachel Scholey
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ronnie Wright
- Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Saint Mary's Hospital, USA
| | - Jill E Urquhart
- Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Saint Mary's Hospital, USA
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen Kingston
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust as part of Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Jorge Manuel Saraiva
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Laboratório de Citogenética e Genómica - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - May Tassabehji
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust as part of Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK.
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Douzgou S, Chervinsky E, Gyftodimou Y, Kitsiou-Tzeli S, Shalev S, Kanavakis E, Donnai D, Clayton-Smith J. Dysmorphology services: a snapshot of current practices and a vision for the future. Clin Genet 2015; 89:27-33. [PMID: 25683496 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dysmorphology concerns the recognition and management of rare, multiple anomaly syndromes. Genomic technologies and software for gestalt recognition will re-shape dysmorphology services. In order to reflect on a model of the service in the post-genomic era, we compared the utility of dysmorphology consultations in two Mediterranean cities, Athens, Greece and Afula, Israel (MDS), the Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, a UK service with dysmorphology expertise (UKDS) and the DYSCERNE, digital service (DDS). We show that it is more likely that chromosome microarray analysis will be performed if suggested in the UKDS rather than in the MDS; this, most probably reflects the difference of access to genetic testing following funding limitations in the MDS. We also show that in terms of achieved diagnosis, the first visit to a dysmorphology clinic is more significant than a follow-up. We show that a confirmed syndrome diagnosis significantly decreases the requests for other, non-genetic, laboratory investigations. Conversely, it increases the requests for reviews by other specialists and, most significantly (t-test: 8.244), it increases further requests for screening for possible associated complications. This is the first demonstration of the demands, on a health service, following the diagnosis of a dysmorphic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Douzgou
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust as part of the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - E Chervinsky
- Genetics' Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,The Rapapport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Y Gyftodimou
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Child Health, Athens, Greece
| | - S Kitsiou-Tzeli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - S Shalev
- Genetics' Institute, Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.,The Rapapport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Kanavakis
- Department of Medical Genetics, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - D Donnai
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust as part of the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - J Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester and Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust as part of the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Hussain M, Battaglia A, Szczepanski S, Kaygusuz E, Toliat M, Sakakibara SI, Altmüller J, Thiele H, Nürnberg G, Moosa S, Yigit G, Beleggia F, Tinschert S, Clayton-Smith J, Vasudevan P, Urquhart J, Donnai D, Fryer A, Percin F, Brancati F, Dobbie A, Śmigiel R, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Wollnik B, Noegel A, Newman W, Nürnberg P. Mutations in CKAP2L, the human homolog of the mouse Radmis gene, cause Filippi syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2014; 95:622-32. [PMID: 25439729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Filippi syndrome is a rare, presumably autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by microcephaly, pre- and postnatal growth failure, syndactyly, and distinctive facial features, including a broad nasal bridge and underdeveloped alae nasi. Some affected individuals have intellectual disability, seizures, undescended testicles in males, and teeth and hair abnormalities. We performed homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing in a Sardinian family with two affected children and identified a homozygous frameshift mutation, c.571dupA (p.Ile191Asnfs(∗)6), in CKAP2L, encoding the protein cytoskeleton-associated protein 2-like (CKAP2L). The function of this protein was unknown until it was rediscovered in mice as Radmis (radial fiber and mitotic spindle) and shown to play a pivotal role in cell division of neural progenitors. Sanger sequencing of CKAP2L in a further eight unrelated individuals with clinical features consistent with Filippi syndrome revealed biallelic mutations in four subjects. In contrast to wild-type lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), dividing LCLs established from the individuals homozygous for the c.571dupA mutation did not show CKAP2L at the spindle poles. Furthermore, in cells from the affected individuals, we observed an increase in the number of disorganized spindle microtubules owing to multipolar configurations and defects in chromosome segregation. The observed cellular phenotypes are in keeping with data from in vitro and in vivo knockdown studies performed in human cells and mice, respectively. Our findings show that loss-of-function mutations in CKAP2L are a major cause of Filippi syndrome.
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15
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Ansari M, Poke G, Ferry Q, Williamson K, Aldridge R, Meynert AM, Bengani H, Chan CY, Kayserili H, Avci S, Hennekam RCM, Lampe AK, Redeker E, Homfray T, Ross A, Falkenberg Smeland M, Mansour S, Parker MJ, Cook JA, Splitt M, Fisher RB, Fryer A, Magee AC, Wilkie A, Barnicoat A, Brady AF, Cooper NS, Mercer C, Deshpande C, Bennett CP, Pilz DT, Ruddy D, Cilliers D, Johnson DS, Josifova D, Rosser E, Thompson EM, Wakeling E, Kinning E, Stewart F, Flinter F, Girisha KM, Cox H, Firth HV, Kingston H, Wee JS, Hurst JA, Clayton-Smith J, Tolmie J, Vogt J, Tatton-Brown K, Chandler K, Prescott K, Wilson L, Behnam M, McEntagart M, Davidson R, Lynch SA, Sisodiya S, Mehta SG, McKee SA, Mohammed S, Holden S, Park SM, Holder SE, Harrison V, McConnell V, Lam WK, Green AJ, Donnai D, Bitner-Glindzicz M, Donnelly DE, Nellåker C, Taylor MS, FitzPatrick DR. Genetic heterogeneity in Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and CdLS-like phenotypes with observed and predicted levels of mosaicism. J Med Genet 2014; 51:659-68. [PMID: 25125236 PMCID: PMC4173748 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a multisystem disorder with distinctive facial appearance, intellectual disability and growth failure as prominent features. Most individuals with typical CdLS have de novo heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in NIPBL with mosaic individuals representing a significant proportion. Mutations in other cohesin components, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8 and RAD21 cause less typical CdLS. METHODS We screened 163 affected individuals for coding region mutations in the known genes, 90 for genomic rearrangements, 19 for deep intronic variants in NIPBL and 5 had whole-exome sequencing. RESULTS Pathogenic mutations [including mosaic changes] were identified in: NIPBL 46 [3] (28.2%); SMC1A 5 [1] (3.1%); SMC3 5 [1] (3.1%); HDAC8 6 [0] (3.6%) and RAD21 1 [0] (0.6%). One individual had a de novo 1.3 Mb deletion of 1p36.3. Another had a 520 kb duplication of 12q13.13 encompassing ESPL1, encoding separase, an enzyme that cleaves the cohesin ring. Three de novo mutations were identified in ANKRD11 demonstrating a phenotypic overlap with KBG syndrome. To estimate the number of undetected mosaic cases we used recursive partitioning to identify discriminating features in the NIPBL-positive subgroup. Filtering of the mutation-negative group on these features classified at least 18% as 'NIPBL-like'. A computer composition of the average face of this NIPBL-like subgroup was also more typical in appearance than that of all others in the mutation-negative group supporting the existence of undetected mosaic cases. CONCLUSIONS Future diagnostic testing in 'mutation-negative' CdLS thus merits deeper sequencing of multiple DNA samples derived from different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morad Ansari
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gemma Poke
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Quentin Ferry
- Visual Geometry Group, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kathleen Williamson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roland Aldridge
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison M Meynert
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hemant Bengani
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cheng Yee Chan
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sahin Avci
- Medical Genetics Department, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raoul C M Hennekam
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne K Lampe
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Molecular Medicine Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Egbert Redeker
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Homfray
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Alison Ross
- North of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Clinical Genetics Centre, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Sahar Mansour
- Medical Genetics Unit, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael J Parker
- Sheffield Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Miranda Splitt
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard B Fisher
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alan Fryer
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Alder Hay Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alex C Magee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Andrew Wilkie
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Angela Barnicoat
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Angela F Brady
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Nicola S Cooper
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, West Midlands, UK
| | - Catherine Mercer
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Daniela T Pilz
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Deborah Ruddy
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Deirdre Cilliers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, The Churchill Hospital Old Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Diana S Johnson
- Sheffield Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Dragana Josifova
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elisabeth Rosser
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth M Thompson
- SA Clinical Genetics Service, Women's & Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Emma Wakeling
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Esther Kinning
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fiona Stewart
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Frances Flinter
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Helen Cox
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, West Midlands, UK
| | - Helen V Firth
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Kingston
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Jamie S Wee
- Department of Dermatology, Kingston Hospital NHS Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - Jane A Hurst
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - John Tolmie
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's Hospital, West Midlands, UK
| | | | - Kate Chandler
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Katrina Prescott
- Clinical Genetics, Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise Wilson
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mahdiyeh Behnam
- Medical Genetics Laboratory of Genome, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Rosemarie Davidson
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Ferguson-Smith Centre for Clinical Genetics, Yorkhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sally-Ann Lynch
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Sanjay Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sarju G Mehta
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shane A McKee
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Shehla Mohammed
- Department of Genetics, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Simon Holden
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Soo-Mi Park
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge University Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan E Holder
- North West Thames Regional Genetics Service, Kennedy-Galton Centre, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, UK
| | - Victoria Harrison
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Vivienne McConnell
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Wayne K Lam
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetic Service, Molecular Medicine Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew J Green
- National Centre for Medical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin 12, Ireland School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dian Donnai
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Bitner-Glindzicz
- Clinical Genetics Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Deirdre E Donnelly
- Northern Ireland Regional Genetics Service (NIRGS), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - Christoffer Nellåker
- Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin S Taylor
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David R FitzPatrick
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Banka S, Lederer D, Benoit V, Jenkins E, Howard E, Bunstone S, Kerr B, McKee S, Lloyd IC, Shears D, Stewart H, White SM, Savarirayan R, Mancini GMS, Beysen D, Cohn RD, Grisart B, Maystadt I, Donnai D. Novel KDM6A (UTX) mutations and a clinical and molecular review of the X-linked Kabuki syndrome (KS2). Clin Genet 2014; 87:252-8. [PMID: 24527667 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe seven patients with KDM6A (located on Xp11.3 and encodes UTX) mutations, a rare cause of Kabuki syndrome (KS2, MIM 300867) and report, for the first time, germ-line missense and splice-site mutations in the gene. We demonstrate that less than 5% cases of Kabuki syndrome are due to KDM6A mutations. Our work shows that similar to the commoner Type 1 Kabuki syndrome (KS1, MIM 147920) caused by KMT2D (previously called MLL2) mutations, KS2 patients are characterized by hypotonia and feeding difficulties during infancy and poor postnatal growth and short stature. Unlike KS1, developmental delay and learning disability are generally moderate-severe in boys but mild-moderate in girls with KS2. Some girls may have a normal developmental profile. Speech and cognition tend to be more severely affected than motor development. Increased susceptibility to infections, join laxity, heart, dental and ophthalmological anomalies are common. Hypoglycaemia is more common in KS2 than in KS1. Facial dysmorphism with KDM6A mutations is variable and diagnosis on facial gestalt alone may be difficult in some patients. Hypertrichosis, long halluces and large central incisors may be useful clues to an underlying KDM6A mutation in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Banka S, Cain SA, Carim S, Daly SB, Urquhart JE, Erdem G, Harris J, Bottomley M, Donnai D, Kerr B, Kingston H, Superti-Furga A, Unger S, Ennis H, Worthington J, Herrick AL, Merry CLR, Yue WW, Kielty CM, Newman WG. Leri's pleonosteosis, a congenital rheumatic disease, results from microduplication at 8q22.1 encompassing GDF6 and SDC2 and provides insight into systemic sclerosis pathogenesis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1249-56. [PMID: 24442880 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Leri's pleonosteosis (LP) is an autosomal dominant rheumatic condition characterised by flexion contractures of the interphalangeal joints, limited motion of multiple joints, and short broad metacarpals, metatarsals and phalanges. Scleroderma-like skin thickening can be seen in some individuals with LP. We undertook a study to characterise the phenotype of LP and identify its genetic basis. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping in two families with LP defined microduplications of chromosome 8q22.1 as the cause of this condition. Expression analysis of dermal fibroblasts from affected individuals showed overexpression of two genes, GDF6 and SDC2, within the duplicated region, leading to dysregulation of genes that encode proteins of the extracellular matrix and downstream players in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway. Western blot analysis revealed markedly decreased inhibitory SMAD6 levels in patients with LP. Furthermore, in a cohort of 330 systemic sclerosis cases, we show that the minor allele of a missense SDC2 variant, p.Ser71Thr, could confer protection against disease (p<1×10(-5)). CONCLUSIONS Our work identifies the genetic cause of LP in these two families, demonstrates the phenotypic range of the condition, implicates dysregulation of extracellular matrix homoeostasis genes in its pathogenesis, and highlights the link between TGF-β/SMAD signalling, growth/differentiation factor 6 and syndecan-2. We propose that LP is an additional member of the growing 'TGF-β-pathies' group of musculoskeletal disorders, which includes Myhre syndrome, acromicric dysplasia, geleophysic dysplasias, Weill-Marchesani syndromes and stiff skin syndrome. Identification of a systemic sclerosis-protective SDC2 variant lays the foundation for exploration of the role of syndecan-2 in systemic sclerosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Banka
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart A Cain
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sabrya Carim
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah B Daly
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Jill E Urquhart
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK
| | - Günhan Erdem
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK Department of Environmental Health and Biosafety, Health College, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Jade Harris
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Michelle Bottomley
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Dian Donnai
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen Kingston
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Andreas Superti-Furga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Lausanne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sheila Unger
- Department of Genetics, University of Lausanne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Holly Ennis
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Jane Worthington
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, MAHSC, Manchester, UK NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Ariane L Herrick
- NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester Academy of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine L R Merry
- Stem Cell Glycobiology Group, School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Wyatt W Yue
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cay M Kielty
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, UK Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
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18
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Michot C, Le Goff C, Mahaut C, Afenjar A, Brooks AS, Campeau PM, Destree A, Di Rocco M, Donnai D, Hennekam R, Heron D, Jacquemont S, Kannu P, Lin AE, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Mansour S, Marlin S, McGowan R, Murphy H, Raas-Rothschild A, Rio M, Simon M, Stolte-Dijkstra I, Stone JR, Sznajer Y, Tolmie J, Touraine R, van den Ende J, Van der Aa N, van Essen T, Verloes A, Munnich A, Cormier-Daire V. Myhre and LAPS syndromes: clinical and molecular review of 32 patients. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 22:1272-7. [PMID: 24424121 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Myhre syndrome is characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, facial features, pseudomuscular hypertrophy, joint limitation and hearing loss. We identified SMAD4 mutations as the cause of Myhre syndrome. SMAD4 mutations have also been identified in laryngotracheal stenosis, arthropathy, prognathism and short stature syndrome (LAPS). This study aimed to review the features of Myhre and LAPS patients to define the clinical spectrum of SMAD4 mutations. We included 17 females and 15 males ranging in age from 8 to 48 years. Thirty were diagnosed with Myhre syndrome and two with LAPS. SMAD4 coding sequence was analyzed by Sanger sequencing. Clinical and radiological features were collected from a questionnaire completed by the referring physicians. All patients displayed a typical facial gestalt, thickened skin, joint limitation and muscular pseudohypertrophy. Growth retardation was common (68.7%) and was variable in severity (from -5.5 to -2 SD), as was mild-to-moderate intellectual deficiency (87.5%) with additional behavioral problems in 56.2% of the patients. Significant health concerns like obesity, arterial hypertension, bronchopulmonary insufficiency, laryngotracheal stenosis, pericarditis and early death occurred in four. Twenty-nine patients had a de novo heterozygous SMAD4 mutation, including both patients with LAPS. In 27 cases mutation affected Ile500 and in two cases Arg496. The three patients without SMAD4 mutations had typical findings of Myhre syndrome. Myhre-LAPS syndrome is a clinically homogenous condition with life threatening complications in the course of the disease. Our identification of SMAD4 mutations in 29/32 cases confirms that SMAD4 is the major gene responsible for Myhre syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Michot
- INSERM U781 Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Carine Le Goff
- INSERM U781 Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Clémentine Mahaut
- INSERM U781 Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- Neuropediatry Department, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares 'anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs - Île de France', Armand-Trousseau CHU, Paris, France
| | - Alice S Brooks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Ersamus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anne Destree
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Maja Di Rocco
- Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Dian Donnai
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Genetic Medicine-University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Raoul Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Delphine Heron
- Genetics and Cytogenetics Department, GRC-upmc,Pitié-Salpétrière CHU, Paris, France
| | | | - Peter Kannu
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, Massachussets General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sahar Mansour
- Clinical Genetics, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- Genetic and Medical Embryology Unit, Centre de Référence des Surdités Génétiques, Armand-Trousseau CHU, Paris, France
| | - Ruth McGowan
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen Murphy
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Genetic Medicine-University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Marlène Rio
- INSERM U781 Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marleen Simon
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Ersamus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Stolte-Dijkstra
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - James R Stone
- Department of Pathology, Massachussets General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yves Sznajer
- Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - John Tolmie
- West of Scotland Regional Genetics Service, Glasgow, UK
| | - Renaud Touraine
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Saint-Etienne CHU, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jenneke van den Ende
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Van der Aa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University and University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ton van Essen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alain Verloes
- Department of Genetics, INSERM U676, AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Arnold Munnich
- INSERM U781 Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- INSERM U781 Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Imagine, Paris Descartes University-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Necker Enfants-Malades Hospital, Paris, France
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19
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Abstract
A novel mutation of the SOD-1 gene which encodes the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase was identified in a family manifesting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in three generations. The mutation is a heterozygote point mutation in exon 4, codon 108 (GGA to GTA), predicting the substitution of valine for glycine. The mutation creates a new restriction site for the endonuclease AccI. The mutation was demonstrated in two affected members of the family, who show features of autosomal dominant inheritance of ALS, but variable age at onset ranging from 48 to 72 years. Over 30 different mutations of SOD-1 have now been identified in families with ALS. The definition of the different mutations causing human disease may allow further investigation of their pathogenicity in transgenic animal models, and also offers insight into the variable phenotypic disease expression both within and between genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Orrell
- Department of Biochemistry, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, LondonNeuromuscular Unit, Charing Cross Hospital, LondonDepartment of Neurology, North Manchester General Hospital, ManchesterRegional Genetic Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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20
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Tucci A, Kara E, Schossig A, Wolf NI, Plagnol V, Fawcett K, Paisán-Ruiz C, Moore M, Hernandez D, Musumeci S, Tennison M, Hennekam R, Palmeri S, Malandrini A, Raskin S, Donnai D, Hennig C, Tzschach A, Hordijk R, Bast T, Wimmer K, Lo CN, Shorvon S, Mefford H, Eichler EE, Hall R, Hayes I, Hardy J, Singleton A, Zschocke J, Houlden H. Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome: mutations in ROGDI and evidence of genetic heterogeneity. Hum Mutat 2012; 34:296-300. [PMID: 23086778 PMCID: PMC3902979 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome (KTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by amelogenesis imperfecta, psychomotor delay or regression and seizures starting early in childhood. KTS was established as a distinct clinical entity after the first report by Kohlschütter in 1974, and to date, only a total of 20 pedigrees have been reported. The genetic etiology of KTS remained elusive until recently when mutations in ROGDI were independently identified in three unrelated families and in five likely related Druze families. Herein, we report a clinical and genetic study of 10 KTS families. By using a combination of whole exome sequencing, linkage analysis, and Sanger sequencing, we identify novel homozygous or compound heterozygous ROGDI mutations in five families, all presenting with a typical KTS phenotype. The other families, mostly presenting with additional atypical features, were negative for ROGDI mutations, suggesting genetic heterogeneity of atypical forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Tucci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Reta Lila Weston Research Laboratories and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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21
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Banka S, Howard E, Bunstone S, Chandler KE, Kerr B, Lachlan K, McKee S, Mehta SG, Tavares ALT, Tolmie J, Donnai D. MLL2 mosaic mutations and intragenic deletion-duplications in patients with Kabuki syndrome. Clin Genet 2012; 83:467-71. [PMID: 22901312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare multi-system disorder that can result in a variety of congenital malformations, typical dysmorphism and variable learning disability. It is caused by MLL2 point mutations in the majority of the cases and, rarely by deletions involving KDM6A. Nearly one third of cases remain unsolved. Here, we expand the known genetic basis of KS by presenting five typical patients with the condition, all of whom have novel MLL2 mutation types- two patients with mosaic small deletions, one with a mosaic whole-gene deletion, one with a multi-exon deletion and one with an intragenic multi-exon duplication. We recommend MLL2 dosage studies for all patients with typical KS, where traditional Sanger sequencing fails to identify mutations. The prevalence of such MLL2 mutations in KS may be comparable with deletions involving KDM6A. These findings may be helpful in understanding the mutational mechanism of MLL2 and the disease mechanism of KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Banka
- Department of Genetic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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22
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Read AP, Donnai D. What can be offered to couples at (possibly) increased genetic risk? J Community Genet 2012; 3:167-74. [PMID: 22760671 DOI: 10.1007/s12687-012-0105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the reasons why a couple might seek specialist genetic counselling about a possible reproductive risk and the options available to them. Most commonly, the couple will be concerned about the risk of recurrence of a medical condition that has already occurred in the family. Sometimes, the increased risk may come from their ethnicity or because of a consanguineous marriage, rather than because any problem has occurred previously. The geneticist must identify the exact nature of any problem and determine the risks in the light of the mode of inheritance, any investigations undertaken and any other relevant information. The geneticist will then review the options open to the couple, and help them arrive at their own decision in a non-directive way. Some couples may opt to do nothing and let nature take its course but others may request prenatal or pre-implantation diagnosis, or they may avoid the conception of an at-risk child by using donor gametes, adoption or even decide not to have children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Read
- Department of Genetic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, M13 0JH, UK,
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23
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Banka S, Veeramachaneni R, Reardon W, Howard E, Bunstone S, Ragge N, Parker MJ, Crow YJ, Kerr B, Kingston H, Metcalfe K, Chandler K, Magee A, Stewart F, McConnell VPM, Donnelly DE, Berland S, Houge G, Morton JE, Oley C, Revencu N, Park SM, Davies SJ, Fry AE, Lynch SA, Gill H, Schweiger S, Lam WWK, Tolmie J, Mohammed SN, Hobson E, Smith A, Blyth M, Bennett C, Vasudevan PC, García-Miñaúr S, Henderson A, Goodship J, Wright MJ, Fisher R, Gibbons R, Price SM, C de Silva D, Temple IK, Collins AL, Lachlan K, Elmslie F, McEntagart M, Castle B, Clayton-Smith J, Black GC, Donnai D. How genetically heterogeneous is Kabuki syndrome?: MLL2 testing in 116 patients, review and analyses of mutation and phenotypic spectrum. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 20:381-8. [PMID: 22126750 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MLL2 mutations are detected in 55 to 80% of patients with Kabuki syndrome (KS). In 20 to 45% patients with KS, the genetic basis remains unknown, suggesting possible genetic heterogeneity. Here, we present the largest yet reported cohort of 116 patients with KS. We identified MLL2 variants in 74 patients, of which 47 are novel and a majority are truncating. We show that pathogenic missense mutations were commonly located in exon 48. We undertook a systematic facial KS morphology study of patients with KS at our regional dysmorphology meeting. Our data suggest that nearly all patients with typical KS facial features have pathogenic MLL2 mutations, although KS can be phenotypically variable. Furthermore, we show that MLL2 mutation-positive KS patients are more likely to have feeding problems, kidney anomalies, early breast bud development, joint dislocations and palatal malformations in comparison with MLL2 mutation-negative patients. Our work expands the mutation spectrum of MLL2 that may help in better understanding of this molecule, which is important in gene expression, epigenetic control of active chromatin states, embryonic development and cancer. Our analyses of the phenotype indicates that MLL2 mutation-positive and -negative patients differ systematically, and genetic heterogeneity of KS is not as extensive as previously suggested. Moreover, phenotypic variability of KS suggests that MLL2 testing should be considered even in atypical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Banka
- Department of Genetic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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24
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Wright EMMB, Suri M, White SM, de Leeuw N, Vulto-van Silfhout AT, Stewart F, McKee S, Mansour S, Connell FC, Chopra M, Kirk EP, Devriendt K, Reardon W, Brunner H, Donnai D. Pierpont syndrome: a collaborative study. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:2203-11. [PMID: 21834056 PMCID: PMC4495254 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pierpont syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome with learning disability first described in 1998. There are only three patients with Pierpont syndrome who have previously been published in the literature. Details of a series of patients with features of this condition were therefore obtained retrospectively to better characterize its key features. These patients were noted to have distinctive shared facial characteristics, in addition to plantar fat pads and other limb abnormalities. Further individuals with equally striking hand and foot findings were identified whose facies were less characteristic, and hence we considered them unlikely to be affected with the same condition. Despite several patients with possible Pierpont syndrome having had high-resolution array CGH or SNP array, the etiology of this phenotype remains unknown. Whilst it is as yet unclear whether it is a single entity, there appears to be a group of patients in whom Pierpont syndrome may be a recognizable condition, with typical facies, particularly when smiling, and characteristic hand and foot findings. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M M Burkitt Wright
- Genetic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester and Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK
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25
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Hannibal MC, Buckingham KJ, Ng SB, Ming JE, Beck AE, McMillin MJ, Gildersleeve HI, Bigham AW, Tabor HK, Mefford HC, Cook J, Yoshiura KI, Matsumoto T, Matsumoto N, Miyake N, Tonoki H, Naritomi K, Kaname T, Nagai T, Ohashi H, Kurosawa K, Hou JW, Ohta T, Liang D, Sudo A, Morris CA, Banka S, Black GC, Clayton-Smith J, Nickerson DA, Zackai EH, Shaikh TH, Donnai D, Niikawa N, Shendure J, Bamshad MJ. Spectrum of MLL2 (ALR) mutations in 110 cases of Kabuki syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1511-6. [PMID: 21671394 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kabuki syndrome is a rare, multiple malformation disorder characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, cardiac anomalies, skeletal abnormalities, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. Simplex cases make up the vast majority of the reported cases with Kabuki syndrome, but parent-to-child transmission in more than a half-dozen instances indicates that it is an autosomal dominant disorder. We recently reported that Kabuki syndrome is caused by mutations in MLL2, a gene that encodes a Trithorax-group histone methyltransferase, a protein important in the epigenetic control of active chromatin states. Here, we report on the screening of 110 families with Kabuki syndrome. MLL2 mutations were found in 81/110 (74%) of families. In simplex cases for which DNA was available from both parents, 25 mutations were confirmed to be de novo, while a transmitted MLL2 mutation was found in two of three familial cases. The majority of variants found to cause Kabuki syndrome were novel nonsense or frameshift mutations that are predicted to result in haploinsufficiency. The clinical characteristics of MLL2 mutation-positive cases did not differ significantly from MLL2 mutation-negative cases with the exception that renal anomalies were more common in MLL2 mutation-positive cases. These results are important for understanding the phenotypic consequences of MLL2 mutations for individuals and their families as well as for providing a basis for the identification of additional genes for Kabuki syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Hannibal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA
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26
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Boonen SE, Hoffmann AL, Donnai D, Tümer Z, Ravn K. Diploid/triploid mosaicism: a rare event or an under-diagnosed syndrome? Eur J Med Genet 2011; 54:374-5. [PMID: 21252005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Johnston JJ, Sapp JC, Turner JT, Amor D, Aftimos S, Aleck KA, Bocian M, Bodurtha JN, Cox GF, Curry CJ, Day R, Donnai D, Field M, Fujiwara I, Gabbett M, Gal M, Graham JM, Hedera P, Hennekam RCM, Hersh JH, Hopkin RJ, Kayserili H, Kidd AMJ, Kimonis V, Lin AE, Lynch SA, Maisenbacher M, Mansour S, McGaughran J, Mehta L, Murphy H, Raygada M, Robin NH, Rope AF, Rosenbaum KN, Schaefer GB, Shealy A, Smith W, Soller M, Sommer A, Stalker HJ, Steiner B, Stephan MJ, Tilstra D, Tomkins S, Trapane P, Tsai ACH, Van Allen MI, Vasudevan PC, Zabel B, Zunich J, Black GCM, Biesecker LG. Molecular analysis expands the spectrum of phenotypes associated with GLI3 mutations. Hum Mutat 2010; 31:1142-54. [PMID: 20672375 PMCID: PMC2947617 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A range of phenotypes including Greig cephalopolysyndactyly and Pallister-Hall syndromes (GCPS, PHS) are caused by pathogenic mutation of the GLI3 gene. To characterize the clinical variability of GLI3 mutations, we present a subset of a cohort of 174 probands referred for GLI3 analysis. Eighty-one probands with typical GCPS or PHS were previously reported, and we report the remaining 93 probands here. This includes 19 probands (12 mutations) who fulfilled clinical criteria for GCPS or PHS, 48 probands (16 mutations) with features of GCPS or PHS but who did not meet the clinical criteria (sub-GCPS and sub-PHS), 21 probands (6 mutations) with features of PHS or GCPS and oral-facial-digital syndrome, and 5 probands (1 mutation) with nonsyndromic polydactyly. These data support previously identified genotype-phenotype correlations and demonstrate a more variable degree of severity than previously recognized. The finding of GLI3 mutations in patients with features of oral-facial-digital syndrome supports the observation that GLI3 interacts with cilia. We conclude that the phenotypic spectrum of GLI3 mutations is broader than that encompassed by the clinical diagnostic criteria, but the genotype-phenotype correlation persists. Individuals with features of either GCPS or PHS should be screened for mutations in GLI3 even if they do not fulfill clinical criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Johnston
- Genetic Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4472, USA.
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28
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Griffiths P, Strong K, Gardner S, Day R, Harrison C, Bronwyn K, Metcalfe K, Brunner H, Donnai D, Dallapiccola B, Devriendt K, Krajewska-Walasek M, Philip N, Clayton-Smith J. DYSCERNE: developing clinical management guidelines for selected dysmorphic syndromes. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2010. [PMCID: PMC2958410 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-s1-p20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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29
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Spiegel R, Cliffe ST, Buckley MF, Crow YJ, Urquhart J, Horovitz Y, Tenenbaum-Rakover Y, Newman WG, Donnai D, Shalev SA. Expanding the clinical spectrum of SLC29A3 gene defects. Eur J Med Genet 2010; 53:309-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Daly SB, Urquhart JE, Hilton E, McKenzie EA, Kammerer RA, Lewis M, Kerr B, Stuart H, Donnai D, Long DA, Burgu B, Aydogdu O, Derbent M, Garcia-Minaur S, Reardon W, Gener B, Shalev S, Smith R, Woolf AS, Black GC, Newman WG. Mutations in HPSE2 Cause Urofacial Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Daly SB, Urquhart JE, Hilton E, McKenzie EA, Kammerer RA, Lewis M, Kerr B, Stuart H, Donnai D, Long DA, Burgu B, Aydogdu O, Derbent M, Garcia-Minaur S, Reardon W, Gener B, Shalev S, Smith R, Woolf AS, Black GC, Newman WG. Mutations in HPSE2 cause urofacial syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2010; 86:963-9. [PMID: 20560210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary voiding dysfunction in childhood, manifesting as incontinence, dysuria, and urinary frequency, is a common condition. Urofacial syndrome (UFS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by facial grimacing when attempting to smile and failure of the urinary bladder to void completely despite a lack of anatomical bladder outflow obstruction or overt neurological damage. UFS individuals often have reflux of infected urine from the bladder to the upper renal tract, with a risk of kidney damage and renal failure. Whole-genome SNP mapping in one affected individual defined an autozygous region of 16 Mb on chromosome 10q23-q24, within which a 10 kb deletion encompassing exons 8 and 9 of HPSE2 was identified. Homozygous exonic deletions, nonsense mutations, and frameshift mutations in five further unrelated families confirmed HPSE2 as the causative gene for UFS. Mutations were not identified in four additional UFS patients, indicating genetic heterogeneity. We show that HPSE2 is expressed in the fetal and adult central nervous system, where it might be implicated in controlling facial expression and urinary voiding, and also in bladder smooth muscle, consistent with a role in renal tract morphology and function. Our findings have broader implications for understanding the genetic basis of lower renal tract malformations and voiding dysfunction.
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Whibley A, Urquhart J, Dore J, Willatt L, Parkin G, Gaunt L, Black G, Donnai D, Raymond FL. Deletion of MAOA and MAOB in a male patient causes severe developmental delay, intermittent hypotonia and stereotypical hand movements. Eur J Hum Genet 2010; 18:1095-9. [PMID: 20485326 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2010.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAO-A and MAO-B) have a key role in the degradation of amine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. We identified an inherited 240 kb deletion on Xp11.3-p11.4, which encompasses both monoamine oxidase genes but, unlike other published reports, does not affect the adjacent Norrie disease gene (NDP). The brothers who inherited the deletion, and thus have no monoamine oxidase function, presented with severe developmental delay, intermittent hypotonia and stereotypical hand movements. The clinical features accord with published reports of larger microdeletions and selective MAO-A and MAO-B deficiencies in humans and mouse models and suggest considerable functional compensation between MAO-A and MAO-B under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Whibley
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Clayton-smith J, Andrews T, Donnai D. Genetic counselling and parental decisions following antenatal diagnosis of sex chromosome aneuploidies. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/01443618909151082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lacbawan F, Solomon BD, Roessler E, El-Jaick K, Domené S, Vélez JI, Zhou N, Hadley D, Balog JZ, Long R, Fryer A, Smith W, Omar S, McLean SD, Clarkson K, Lichty A, Clegg NJ, Delgado MR, Levey E, Stashinko E, Potocki L, Vanallen MI, Clayton-Smith J, Donnai D, Bianchi DW, Juliusson PB, Njølstad PR, Brunner HG, Carey JC, Hehr U, Müsebeck J, Wieacker PF, Postra A, Hennekam RCM, van den Boogaard MJH, van Haeringen A, Paulussen A, Herbergs J, Schrander-Stumpel CTRM, Janecke AR, Chitayat D, Hahn J, McDonald-McGinn DM, Zackai EH, Dobyns WB, Muenke M. Clinical spectrum of SIX3-associated mutations in holoprosencephaly: correlation between genotype, phenotype and function. J Med Genet 2009; 46:389-98. [PMID: 19346217 PMCID: PMC3510661 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2008.063818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the most common structural malformation of the human forebrain. There are several important HPE mutational target genes, including the transcription factor SIX3, which encodes an early regulator of Shh, Wnt, Bmp and Nodal signalling expressed in the developing forebrain and eyes of all vertebrates. OBJECTIVE To characterise genetic and clinical findings in patients with SIX3 mutations. METHODS Patients with HPE and their family members were tested for mutations in HPE-associated genes and the genetic and clinical findings, including those for additional cases found in the literature, were analysed. The results were correlated with a mutation-specific functional assay in zebrafish. RESULTS In a cohort of patients (n = 800) with HPE, SIX3 mutations were found in 4.7% of probands and additional cases were found through testing of relatives. In total, 138 cases of HPE were identified, 59 of whom had not previously been clinically presented. Mutations in SIX3 result in more severe HPE than in other cases of non-chromosomal, non-syndromic HPE. An over-representation of severe HPE was found in patients whose mutations confer greater loss of function, as measured by the functional zebrafish assay. The gender ratio in this combined set of patients was 1.5:1 (F:M) and maternal inheritance was almost twice as common as paternal. About 14% of SIX3 mutations in probands occur de novo. There is a wide intrafamilial clinical range of features and classical penetrance is estimated to be at least 62%. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SIX3 mutations result in relatively severe HPE and that there is a genotype-phenotype correlation, as shown by functional studies using animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lacbawan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, MSC 3717, Building 35, Room 1B-203, Bethesda, MD 20892-3717, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Donnai
- University of Manchester and Central Manchester Foundation Hospitals NHS Trust.
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Day R, Beckett B, Donnai D, Fryer A, Heidenblad M, Howard P, Kerr B, Mansour S, Maye U, McKee S, Mohammed S, Sweeney E, Tassabehji M, de Vries BBA, Clayton-Smith J. A clinical and genetic study of the Say/Barber/Biesecker/Young-Simpson type of Ohdo syndrome. Clin Genet 2008; 74:434-44. [PMID: 18798845 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a series of eight patients with the Say/Barber/Biesecker/Young-Simpson (SBBYS) type of Ohdo syndrome, which is the largest cohort described to date. We expand on the type, frequency and severity of the clinical characteristics in this condition; comment on the natural history of Ohdo syndrome and further refine previously published diagnostic criteria. Cytogenetic investigations and microarray CGH analysis undertaken in this cohort of patients failed to identify a chromosomal aetiology. It remains possible that this rare condition is heterogeneous and therefore caution must be undertaken during counselling until the underlying genetic mechanism(s) is (are) identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Day
- Cheshire and Merseyside Genetics Service, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, Alder Hey, Liverpool, UK.
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Middleton-Price H, Finegold P, Talks Z, Donnai D. Nowgen, A Center for Genetics in Healthcare. Per Med 2008; 5:435-439. [PMID: 29783442 DOI: 10.2217/17410541.5.5.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is now widely agreed that genetics is set to play a major role in healthcare; 'personalized' medicine, new approaches for treating cancer, and stem cell therapies are typical of the exciting areas of development, whilst large-scale epidemiological studies are uncovering genetic factors in pathways involved in complex disease. Nowgen, A Center for Genetics in Healthcare is a publicly funded organization examining the wider impact of genetics and genomics on the delivery of 21st century medicine. We recognize that the adoption of new technologies and treatments will be shaped by many factors, including public and patient beliefs and attitudes, the knowledge of professionals, and wider business approaches to these innovations. Our role is also to consider these developments within the UK National Health Service. We place ourselves at the center of the current discourse between these groups, setting out to perform applied research, inform and canvass opinion, disseminate knowledge, monitor developments and inform policy relating to the future of genetic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Middleton-Price
- The Nowgen Center, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU , UK. ; www.nowgen.org.uk.,The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Peter Finegold
- The Nowgen Center, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU , UK. ; www.nowgen.org.uk.,Isinglass Consultancy, 22 Stephenson Way, London, NW1 2HD , UK
| | - Zoe Talks
- The Nowgen Center, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU , UK. ; www.nowgen.org.uk.,Central Manchester & Manchester Children's University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Dian Donnai
- The Nowgen Center, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU , UK. ; www.nowgen.org.uk.,The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Central Manchester & Manchester Children's University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
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Kantarci S, Ragge NK, Thomas NS, Robinson DO, Noonan KM, Russell MK, Donnai D, Raymond FL, Walsh CA, Donahoe PK, Pober BR. Donnai-Barrow syndrome (DBS/FOAR) in a child with a homozygous LRP2 mutation due to complete chromosome 2 paternal isodisomy. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1842-7. [PMID: 18553518 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Donnai-Barrow syndrome [Faciooculoacousticorenal (FOAR) syndrome; DBS/FOAR] is a rare autosomal recessive disorder resulting from mutations in the LRP2 gene located on chromosome 2q31.1. We report a unique DBS/FOAR patient homozygous for a 4-bp LRP2 deletion secondary to paternal uniparental isodisomy for chromosome 2. The propositus inherited the mutation from his heterozygous carrier father, whereas the mother carried only wild-type LRP2 alleles. This is the first case of DBS/FOAR resulting from uniparental disomy (UPD) and the fourth published case of any paternal UPD 2 ascertained through unmasking of an autosomal recessive disorder. The absence of clinical symptoms above and beyond the classical phenotype in this and the other disorders suggests that paternal chromosome 2 is unlikely to contain imprinted genes notably affecting either growth or development. This report highlights the importance of parental genotyping in order to give accurate genetic counseling for autosomal recessive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Kantarci
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Tassabehji M, Fang ZM, Hilton EN, McGaughran J, Zhao Z, de Bock CE, Howard E, Malass M, Donnai D, Diwan A, Manson FD, Murrell D, Clarke RA. Mutations in GDF6 are associated with vertebral segmentation defects in Klippel-Feil syndrome. Hum Mutat 2008; 29:1017-27. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.20741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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41
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McAllister M, Payne K, Macleod R, Nicholls S, Donnai D, Davies L. What process attributes of clinical genetics services could maximise patient benefits? Eur J Hum Genet 2008; 16:1467-76. [PMID: 18596695 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2008.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited evidence about what process attributes of clinical genetics services may be highly valued by patients and service providers. The aim in this qualitative grounded theory study was to explore what process attributes may be highly valued by those stakeholders. Seven focus groups (n=33) and nineteen one-to-one interviews were conducted (total sample size=52). Five process attributes were identified as highly valued by patients and health professionals: (1) local and accessible services (2) open access and follow-up, (3) coordinated, tailored family care, (4) quality of the patient-clinician relationship and (5) time to talk. These findings will be useful in designing models of service delivery that could be tested in intervention studies.
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Payne K, Nicholls S, McAllister M, Macleod R, Donnai D, Davies LM. Outcome measurement in clinical genetics services: a systematic review of validated measures. Value Health 2008; 11:497-508. [PMID: 18489673 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00259.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to inform researchers and policymakers about what validated outcome measures are available to evaluate clinical genetics services (CGS) and the need for new measures. METHODS Validated outcome measures used to evaluate CGS were identified from a systematic literature review. Subjective outcome measures were assumed to have been validated only if some form of psychometric assessment was reported. RESULTS A total of 1688 titles and abstracts were identified, and 61 articles met the inclusion criteria for the final review, which covered 67 validated outcome measures. There were 37 nongenetics-specific and 30 genetics-specific measures identified. No single validated outcome measure encompassed all potential patient benefits from using a CGS. A variety of different domains were identified, including anxiety and depression, coping, decision-making, distress, family environment, health status, knowledge, mood, perception of risk, perceived personal control, psychological impact, quality of life, satisfaction and expectations, self-esteem, spiritual well-being, and worry. Some important aspects of patient benefit from CGS are not covered by existing outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS New research is necessary to develop the array of outcome measures required to quantify the benefits CGS offer patients living with the effects of genetic conditions. These need to be suitable for use in prospective evaluation studies to provide robust evidence for decision-makers to inform service development and commissioning. This includes prioritization of the existing validated outcome measures in terms of their usefulness and relevance to the measurement and valuation of patient benefits from a CGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Payne
- Nowgen, The North West Genetics Knowledge Park, Manchester, UK.
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Fantes J, Boland E, Ramsay J, Donnai D, Splitt M, Goodship J, Stewart H, Whiteford M, Gautier P, Harewood L, Holloway S, Sharkey F, Maher E, van Heyningen V, Clayton-Smith J, Fitzpatrick D, Black G. FISH Mapping of De Novo Apparently Balanced Chromosome Rearrangements Identifies Characteristics Associated with Phenotypic Abnormality. Am J Hum Genet 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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44
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Fantes JA, Boland E, Ramsay J, Donnai D, Splitt M, Goodship JA, Stewart H, Whiteford M, Gautier P, Harewood L, Holloway S, Sharkey F, Maher E, van Heyningen V, Clayton-Smith J, Fitzpatrick DR, Black GCM. FISH mapping of de novo apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements identifies characteristics associated with phenotypic abnormality. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 82:916-26. [PMID: 18374296 PMCID: PMC2491339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 02/03/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping of 152, mostly de novo, apparently balanced chromosomal rearrangement (ABCR) breakpoints in 76 individuals, 30 of whom had no obvious phenotypic abnormality (control group) and 46 of whom had an associated disease (case group). The aim of this study was to identify breakpoint characteristics that could discriminate between these groups and which might be of predictive value in de novo ABCR (DN-ABCR) cases detected antenatally. We found no difference in the proportion of breakpoints that interrupted a gene, although in three cases, direct interruption or deletion of known autosomal-dominant or X-linked recessive Mendelian disease genes was diagnostic. The only significant predictor of phenotypic abnormality in the group as a whole was the localization of one or both breakpoints to an R-positive (G-negative) band with estimated predictive values of 0.69 (95% CL 0.54-0.81) and 0.90 (95% CL 0.60-0.98), respectively. R-positive bands are known to contain more genes and have a higher guanine-cytosine (GC) content than do G-positive (R-negative) bands; however, whether a gene was interrupted by the breakpoint or the GC content in the 200 kB around the breakpoint had no discriminant ability. Our results suggest that the large-scale genomic context of the breakpoint has prognostic utility and that the pathological mechanism of mapping to an R-band cannot be accounted for by direct gene inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Fantes
- Medical and Developmental Genetics Section, Medical Research Council (MRC), Human Genetics Unit, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
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McAllister M, Davies L, Payne K, Nicholls S, Donnai D, MacLeod R. The emotional effects of genetic diseases: implications for clinical genetics. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 143A:2651-61. [PMID: 17937446 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the emotional effects that may be common to many genetic conditions, or risk of genetic conditions, that could be appropriately targeted by clinical genetics services. The study sample comprised 52 individuals. Seven focus groups with patients of clinical genetics services, their representatives from patient support organizations and genetics healthcare providers were conducted. Focus groups were supplemented by 19 face-to-face interviews with patients and patient group representatives. Focus groups and interviews were audio taped, transcribed in full, and analyzed using the constant comparative method. Eight emotional effects of genetic diseases were identified: anxiety, worry about risks to children, guilt, anger, uncertainty, sadness and grief, depression, and redemptive adjustment. Two factors were identified that could modify the emotional effects; these were variability of genetic diseases, and lack of diagnosis/inappropriate care. Despite many negative effects of genetic disease being identified, results also suggest that redemptive adjustment is possible where a genetic condition is present in a family. Interventions designed to (1) adjust the modifying conditions and (2) help manage the emotional effects may facilitate adjustment and improve patient outcomes.
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Abstract
While discussion about the potential for personalized medicine persists, in the UK embedding pharmacogenetics in mainstream clinical practice will also depend on high levels of confidence and trust of citizens in the motives of stakeholders. The role of Government, regulators and the guidance offered by health practitioners will contribute to its acceptance or otherwise. Nowgen, a center for genetics in healthcare, is dedicated to exploring how health service research, practice and innovation, in relation to genetic medicine, are informed and perceived by the public. In 2006, Nowgen commissioned a national polling organization, ICM, to carry out a representative survey of UK public attitudes to key questions related to genetic medicine, in order to help inform its future activity. The survey indicated that the UK public is relatively well informed about the contribution made by genes to common and complex disease and that it is fairly optimistic about the role of genetics in the treatment of a range of medical conditions. A significant proportion of the population seem reticent to subscribe to genetic testing in order to personalize drug prescription, although the rationale for resistance is, as yet, unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Finegold
- The Nowgen Centre, Nowgen, A Centre for Genetics in Healthcare, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU, UK
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Isinglass Consultancy Ltd, 22 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2BE, UK
| | - Kate Mathieson
- The Nowgen Centre, Nowgen, A Centre for Genetics in Healthcare, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU, UK
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leah Holmes
- The Nowgen Centre, Nowgen, A Centre for Genetics in Healthcare, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU, UK
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin Boon
- ICM Research, Berkshire House, 168–173 High Holborn, London, WC1V 7AA, UK
| | - Mark Cottle
- Isinglass Consultancy Ltd, 22 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2BE, UK
| | - Dian Donnai
- The Nowgen Centre, Nowgen, A Centre for Genetics in Healthcare, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU, UK
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen Middleton-Price
- The Nowgen Centre, Nowgen, A Centre for Genetics in Healthcare, 29 Grafton St, Manchester, M13 9WU, UK
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Payne K, Nicholls SG, McAllister M, MacLeod R, Ellis I, Donnai D, Davies LM. Outcome measures for clinical genetics services: A comparison of genetics healthcare professionals and patients’ views. Health Policy 2007; 84:112-22. [PMID: 17485130 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2007.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Revised: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore genetics professionals' and patients' views about which outcome domains are most appropriate to measure the patient benefits of using a clinical genetics service. METHODS A postal Delphi survey was sent to: 115 consultant geneticists; 162 genetic counsellors; 156 support group representatives; 106 patients. The survey contained 19 outcome domains and respondents assessed the usefulness of each for clinical genetics services. RESULTS The final professional panel comprised 115 genetics healthcare professionals and the patient panel comprised 72 patients. The outcome domains that achieved consensus (at least 75% of panel rated 'useful') for the patient and professional panels were: decision-making; knowledge of the genetic condition; perceived personal control; risk perception; satisfaction; meeting expectations; ability to cope; diagnosis accuracy; quality of life. Comparison of the ratings between the professional panel and the patient panel showed there was no statistical difference (chi(2), p<0.01) between the ratings ('useful' compared to 'not useful') for 14 of the 19 outcome domains but found differences for the perceived usefulness of: level of depression; health status; spiritual well-being; test accuracy; rate of termination. CONCLUSIONS This Delphi survey identified nine outcome domains which are good starting points to develop a core set of outcome measures for evaluating clinical genetics services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Payne
- The North West Genetics Knowledge Park (NOWGEN), Manchester, UK.
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Jamieson RV, Farrar N, Stewart K, Perveen R, Mihelec M, Carette M, Grigg JR, McAvoy JW, Lovicu FJ, Tam PPL, Scambler P, Lloyd IC, Donnai D, Black GCM. Characterization of a familial t(16;22) balanced translocation associated with congenital cataract leads to identification of a novel gene, TMEM114, expressed in the lens and disrupted by the translocation. Hum Mutat 2007; 28:968-77. [PMID: 17492639 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of chromosomal rearrangements is a powerful resource in identification of genes associated with monogenic disorders. We describe the molecular characterization of a balanced familial chromosomal translocation, t(16;22)(p13.3;q11.2), segregating with congenital lamellar cataract. This led to the discovery of a cluster of lens-derived expressed sequence tags (ESTs) close to the 16p13.3 breakpoint. This region harbors a locus associated with cataract and microphthalmia. Long-range PCR and 16p13.3 breakpoint sequencing identified genomic sequence in a human genome sequence gap, and allowed identification of a novel four-exon gene, designated TMEM114, which encodes a predicted protein of 223 amino acids. The breakpoint lies in the promoter region of TMEM114 and separates the gene from predicted eye-specific upstream transcription factor binding sites. There is sequence conservation among orthologs down to zebrafish. The protein is predicted to contain four transmembrane domains with homology to the lens intrinsic membrane protein, LIM2 (also known as MP20), in the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family. TMEM114 mutation screening in 130 congenital cataract patients revealed missense mutations leading to the exchange of highly-conserved amino acids in the first extracellular domain of the protein (p.I35T, p.F106L) in two separate patients and their reportedly healthy sibling and mother, respectively. In the lens, Tmem114 shows expression in the lens epithelial cells extending into the transitional zone where early fiber differentiation occurs. Our findings implicate dysregulation of expression of this novel human gene, TMEM114, in mammalian cataract formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn V Jamieson
- Academic Unit of Medical Genetics and Regional Genetic Service, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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Kantarci S, Al-Gazali L, Hill RS, Donnai D, Black GCM, Bieth E, Chassaing N, Lacombe D, Devriendt K, Teebi A, Loscertales M, Robson C, Liu T, MacLaughlin DT, Noonan KM, Russell MK, Walsh CA, Donahoe PK, Pober BR. Mutations in LRP2, which encodes the multiligand receptor megalin, cause Donnai-Barrow and facio-oculo-acoustico-renal syndromes. Nat Genet 2007; 39:957-9. [PMID: 17632512 PMCID: PMC2891728 DOI: 10.1038/ng2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Donnai-Barrow syndrome is associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, facial dysmorphology, ocular anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss and developmental delay. By studying multiplex families, we mapped this disorder to chromosome 2q23.3-31.1 and identified LRP2 mutations in six families with Donnai-Barrow syndrome and one family with facio-oculo-acoustico-renal syndrome. LRP2 encodes megalin, a multiligand uptake receptor that regulates levels of diverse circulating compounds. This work implicates a pathway with potential pharmacological therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Kantarci
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building, 185 Cambridge St., Boston, Massachusetts 02114 USA
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Jenkins D, Seelow D, Jehee FS, Perlyn CA, Alonso LG, Bueno DF, Donnai D, Josifova D, Josifiova D, Mathijssen IMJ, Morton JEV, Orstavik KH, Sweeney E, Wall SA, Marsh JL, Nurnberg P, Passos-Bueno MR, Wilkie AOM. RAB23 mutations in Carpenter syndrome imply an unexpected role for hedgehog signaling in cranial-suture development and obesity. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 80:1162-70. [PMID: 17503333 PMCID: PMC1867103 DOI: 10.1086/518047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/08/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carpenter syndrome is a pleiotropic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, the cardinal features of which include craniosynostosis, polysyndactyly, obesity, and cardiac defects. Using homozygosity mapping, we found linkage to chromosome 6p12.1-q12 and, in 15 independent families, identified five different mutations (four truncating and one missense) in RAB23, which encodes a member of the RAB guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) family of vesicle transport proteins and acts as a negative regulator of hedgehog (HH) signaling. In 10 patients, the disease was caused by homozygosity for the same nonsense mutation, L145X, that resides on a common haplotype, indicative of a founder effect in patients of northern European descent. Surprisingly, nonsense mutations of Rab23 in open brain mice cause recessive embryonic lethality with neural-tube defects, suggesting a species difference in the requirement for RAB23 during early development. The discovery of RAB23 mutations in patients with Carpenter syndrome implicates HH signaling in cranial-suture biogenesis--an unexpected finding, given that craniosynostosis is not usually associated with mutations of other HH-pathway components--and provides a new molecular target for studies of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Jenkins
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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