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Matsubayashi M, Tsuchida S, Shibahara T, Ushida K, Fuglei E, Pedersen ÅØ, Nielsen ÓK, Duszynski DW, Skírnisson K. Comparative molecular analyses of Eimeria Schneider (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) species from rock ptarmigan in Iceland, Svalbard-Norway, and Japan. Syst Parasitol 2024; 101:31. [PMID: 38642205 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-024-10159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) has a Holarctic breeding distribution and is found in arctic and sub-arctic regions. Isolated populations and glacial relicts occur in alpine areas south of the main range, like the Pyrenees in Europe, the Pamir mountains in Central Asia, and the Japanese Alps. In recent decades considerable effort has been made to clarify parasite infections in the rock ptarmigan. Seven Eimeria spp. have been reported parasitizing rock ptarmigan. Two of those species, E. uekii and E. raichoi parasitizing rock ptarmigan (L. m. japonica) in Japan, have been identified genetically. Here we compare partial sequences of nuclear (18S rRNA) and mitochondrial (COI) genes and we detail the morphology of sporulated oocysts of E. uekii and E. raichoi from Japan, E. muta and E. rjupa, from the rock ptarmigan (L. m. islandorum) in Iceland, and two undescribed eimerian morphotypes, Eimeria sp. A, and Eimeria sp. B, from rock ptarmigan (L. m. hyperborea) in Norway (Svalbard in the Norwegian Archipelago). Two morphotypes, ellipsoidal and spheroidal, are recognized for each of the three host subspecies. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the ellipsoidal oocyst types, E. uekii, E. muta, and Eimeria sp. A (Svalbard-Norway) are identical and infects rock ptarmigan in Japan, Iceland, and Svalbard-Norway, respectively. Eimeria uekii was first described in Japan in 1981 so that E. muta, described in Iceland in 2007, and Eimeria sp. A in Svalbard-Norway are junior synonyms of E. uekii. Also, phylogenetic analysis shows that the spheroidal oocyst types, E. rjupa and Eimeria sp. B (Svalbard-Norway), are identical, indicating that rock ptarmigan in Iceland and Svalbard-Norway are infected by the same Eimeria species and differ from E. raichoi in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Matsubayashi
- Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Sayaka Tsuchida
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Shibahara
- Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
- Kagoshima Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2702 Chuzan, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, 891-0105, Japan
| | - Kazunari Ushida
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Eva Fuglei
- Fram Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Hjalmar Johansens gate 14, 9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Åshild Ø Pedersen
- Fram Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, Hjalmar Johansens gate 14, 9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ólafur K Nielsen
- Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urriðaholtsstræti 6-8, 210, Garðabær, Iceland
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Karl Skírnisson
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute for Experimental Pathology, Keldur, University of Iceland, Keldnavegur 3, 112, Reykjavík, Iceland
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Duszynski DW, Barta JR, Abdel-Baki AAS. CORRECTING THE NAMES OF TWO HAEMOGREGARINA SPP. FROM LIZARDS IN EGYPT. J Parasitol 2024; 110:54-58. [PMID: 38381122 DOI: 10.1645/23-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Two haemogregarine "species" names, Haemogregarina tarentannulari and Haemogregarina rawashi, were cited by Saoud et al. (1995) as having been described by Mohammed and Ramadan (1996, in press). However, the paper by Mohammed and Ramadan (1996) was never published and, therefore, these names and their authorities must be suppressed because they violate Chapter 3 (Criteria for Publication), Article 8 (What Constitutes Published Work) of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The following new names are introduced to replace them based on the Principle of Priority (Chapter 6, Article 23, 23.1, and Chapter 11, Article 51, Recommendation 51E): Hepatozoon rawashi (Mohammed and Ramadan in Saoud, Ramadan, Mohammed and Fawzi, 1995) n. comb., with gamonts in the erythrocytes and meronts in the lungs and liver of the fan-footed gecko, Ptyodactylus hasselquisiti (Donndorff, 1798) from Egypt, and Haemogregarina tarentannulari (Mohammed and Ramadan in Saoud, Ramadan, Mohammed and Fawzi, 1995), with gamonts in the erythrocytes and meronts in the lungs and liver of the white-spotted wall gecko, Tarentola annularis (St. Hilaire, 1827) also from Egypt. This latter species was determined to be a junior synonym of Haemogregarina annularis El-Naffar, Mandour, and Mohammed 1991, which was later reassigned to the genus Hepatozoon based on their phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA gene sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Duszynski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - John R Barta
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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Duszynski DW. John R. Bristol, 11 April 1938-14 January 2023. J Parasitol 2023; 109:178-180. [PMID: 37198753 DOI: 10.1645/23-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Duszynski
- Emeritus Professor of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
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Gao Y, Duszynski DW, Yuan F, Hu D, Zhang D. Coccidian parasites in the endangered Forest Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) in China, with the description of six new species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:70. [PMID: 34665126 PMCID: PMC8525326 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2021067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined 674 fresh fecal samples from forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov) in Sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces, China, for coccidian oocysts and 65% were infected with Eimeria spp. Previously, only four Eimeria species were known from Moschus spp. Here we describe six new Eimeria species. Eimeria aquae n. sp., in 38% deer, has ovoidal oocysts, 32.0 × 23.0 μm, micropyle (M) and scattered polar granules (PGs) of various sizes are present, sometimes oocyst residuum (OR) is present; ovoidal sporocysts, 14.1 × 7.5 μm, with Stieda body (SB) and sporocyst residuum (SR). Eimeria dolichocystis n. sp., in 11% deer; cylindroidal oocysts, 36.6 × 18.9, with a M, 1 PG and OR; ovoidal sporocysts, 13.9 × 7.7, with SB and SR. Eimeria fengxianensis n. sp., in 7% deer; ovoidal oocysts, 36.3 × 25.2, a M and PGs present but OR absent; ovoidal sporocysts, 13.9 × 7.3, with SB and SR. Eimeria helini n. sp. in 24% deer; subspheroidal oocysts, 27.0 × 24.1, OR and PGs often present, but M absent; ovoidal sporocysts, 13.5 × 7.7, with SB and SR. Eimeria kaii n. sp. in 26% deer; ovoidal oocysts, 33.2 × 20.7, M and PGs present, but OR absent; ovoidal sporocysts, 14.4 × 7.5, with SB and SR. Eimeria oocylindrica n. sp., in 17% deer; cylindroidal oocysts, 36.0 × 21.4, M and 1-2 PGs present but OR absent; ovoidal sporocysts, 13.8 × 7.7, with SB and SR. Eimeria dujiangyanensis n. nom. is proposed to replace E. moschus Sha, Zhang, Cai, Wang & Liu, 1994, a junior homonym of E. moschus Matschoulsky, 1947.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Non-Invasive Research Technology for Endangered Species, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 10083, PR China - Department of Zoology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- Emeritus Professor of Biology, 76 Homesteads Rd., Placitas, NM 87043, USA
| | - Fulin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Non-Invasive Research Technology for Endangered Species, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 10083, PR China - Department of Zoology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Defu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Non-Invasive Research Technology for Endangered Species, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 10083, PR China - Department of Zoology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Non-Invasive Research Technology for Endangered Species, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 10083, PR China - Department of Zoology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, China
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Tokiwa T, Chou S, Tochigi Y, Katayama K, Duszynski DW. Hyaloklossia Labbé, 1896 (Alveolata: Apicomplexa) in frogs: Description of a new species and proposing a new subfamily to accommodate these enigmatic parasites. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2021; 15:199-207. [PMID: 34141567 PMCID: PMC8187853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyaloklossia Labbé ,1896 (Alveolata: Apicomplexa) is a monotypic genus of renal coccidia found in anurans, particularly in the edible frog Pelophylax kl. esculentus (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae), distributed in different parts of Europe. Here we propose a new Hyaloklossia species from the Tokyo daruma pond frog, Pelophylax porosus porosus. The coccidium detected in the renal tissue of P. p. porosus shared some morphological characteristics with the type species, Hyaloklossia lieberkuehni (Labbé, 1894), reported from P. kl. esculentus. However, in addition to size differences in several oocyst and sporocyst features between these parasites, phylogenetic analysis of gene fragments from two nuclear ribosomal loci and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, exposed distinct genetic differences between H. lieberkuehni and our new species. Although our analysis validated the monophyly of Hyaloklossia with some members of the Toxoplasmatinae Biocca, 1957, Cystoisosporinae Frenkel et al., 1987, and Eumonosporinae Chou et al., 2021 (Sarcocystidae Poche, 1913), comparison of genetic differences between Hyaloklossia species from P. p. porosus and H. lieberkuehni revealed the presence of a greater number of polymorphisms than that observed when comparing inter-species (Heydornia spp., Besnoisita spp.) or inter-genus (Toxoplasma vs. Neospora, Neospora vs. Hammondia, and Neospora vs. Heydornia) variabilities among members of the Sarcocystidae. This indicates that Hyaloklossia, as re-erected and defined by Modrý et al. (2001, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51, 767–772), with its homoxenous life cycle, requires placement in its own subfamily. Thus, we propose a new subfamily, Hyaloklossiinae n. subfam., to accommodate two species, H. lieberkuehni from Europe and Hyaloklossia kasumienesis n. sp. which we describe here from P. p. porosus in Japan. Hyaloklossia was detected from the kidney of Pelophylax porosus porosus (Amphibia: Anura). The species was described as Hyaloklossia kasumiensis n. sp. This is a new host record for Hyaloklossia and also the first report in Asia. Hyaloklossiinae, was proposed as a new subfamily in the Sarcocystidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Tokiwa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-0023, Japan
| | - Shyun Chou
- Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-0023, Japan
| | - Yuki Tochigi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-0023, Japan
| | - Kentaro Katayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-0023, Japan
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- Emeritus Professor of Biology, 76 Homesteads Road, Placitas, New Mexico, 87043, USA
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Abdel-Baki AS, Abdel-Haleem HM, Duszynski DW, Al-Quraishy S, Mansour L. Acroeimeria lineri (McAllister, Upton, Freed, 1988) Paperna and Landsberg, 1989 in Mediterranean Geckos (Hemidactylus turcicus): Oocyst Morphometrics, Endogenous Developmental Stages, and Molecular Sequencing Support its Placement into Acroeimeria. J Parasitol 2021; 106:644-653. [PMID: 33065739 DOI: 10.1645/18-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Between June 2016 and June 2019, we surveyed 62 Mediterranean geckos, Hemidactylus turcicus, from Abu Rawash, Giza, Egypt, for the presence of endoparasites. In June 2016, we found 3 individuals to be infected with Eimeria lineri. We studied the morphology and inner structures of its sporulated oocysts, and the locations of its intestinal endogenous stages. We also extracted genomic DNA from these sporulated oocysts and successfully sequenced a 632-bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analyses using this partial sequence allowed us to support previous studies that assigned E. lineri to the genus Acroeimeria. Our consensus sequence was used to query similar 18S rDNA sequences from GenBank, and 14 sequences were selected. The phylogenetic analysis inferred by maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods gave similar results, as both separated the sequences into 2 clades: (1) a monophyletic group of Goussia species (from fish); and (2) a strongly supported clade that separated 4 Choleoeimeria species from a polyphyletic group of species that clustered A. lineri with 3 other Acroeimeria species and 3 Eimeria species from lizards, including Eimeria tiliquae from Tiliqua rugosa (Gray, 1825), Eimeria tokayae from Gecko gecko (L., 1758), and Eimeria eutropidis from Eutropis macularia (Blyth, 1853). Our study supports the placement of E. lineri into the Acroeimeria and contributes additional life history information toward understanding the evolutionary origin of the Eimeria-like species that have sporocysts without Stieda bodies in their oocysts and that infect saurian reptiles. We also support the concept that several traits (morphological, endogenous, and gene sequences) are both necessary and important for authors to include when making generic reassignments within the eimeriid coccidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Abdel-Baki
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - H M Abdel-Haleem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - D W Duszynski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - S Al-Quraishy
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Mansour
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Unité de Recherche de Biologie Intégrative et Ecologie Évolutive et Fonctionnelle des Milieux Aquatiques, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1086 Tunis, Tunisia
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Duszynski DW. Biodiversity of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Conoidasida) in vertebrates: what we know, what we do not know, and what needs to be done. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2021; 68. [PMID: 33527909 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades my colleagues and I have assembled the literature on a good percentage of most of the coccidians (Conoidasida) known, to date, to parasitise: Amphibia, four major lineages of Reptilia (Amphisbaenia, Chelonia, Crocodylia, Serpentes), and seven major orders in the Mammalia (Carnivora, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Insectivora, Marsupialia, Primates, Scandentia). These vertebrates, combined, comprise about 15,225 species; only about 899 (5.8%) of them have been surveyed for coccidia and 1,946 apicomplexan valid species names or other forms are recorded in the literature. Based on these compilations and other factors, I extrapolated that there yet may be an additional 31,381 new apicomplexans still to be discovered in just these 12 vertebrate groups. Extending the concept to all of the other extant vertebrates on Earth; i.e. lizards (6,300 spp.), rodents plus 12 minor orders of mammals (3,180 spp.), birds (10,000 spp.), and fishes (33,000 spp.) and, conservatively assuming only two unique apicomplexan species per each vertebrate host species, I extrapolate and extend my prediction that we may eventually find 135,000 new apicomplexans that still need discovery and to be described in and from those vertebrates that have not yet been examined for them! Even doubling that number is a significant underestimation in my opinion.
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Bezerra-Santos MA, Nogueira BÁCFÉ, Ramos RAN, Duszynski DW, AraÚjo JVDE, Campos AK. Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) and description of a new species infecting this opossum. Zootaxa 2020; 4878:zootaxa.4878.3.8. [PMID: 33311148 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 is a marsupial well adapted to anthropogenic activity and commonly found in urban areas of Brazil. Among the gastrointestinal parasites found in this opossum, protozoa of the genus Eimeria are frequently detected. This study investigated the biodiversity of Eimeria species infecting D. aurita in Southeastern Brazil, and provides morphological data on a newly discovered species of Eimeria. From January to June 2019, 43 D. aurita were captured, and their fecal samples were collected and evaluated by salt flotation; positive samples were allowed to sporulate in 2.5% potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), and detailed morphological measurements were performed to determine the species present. Thirty-two of forty-three (74.4%) opossums were infected with from one to five Eimeria spp. Four of the eimerians were described and named previously by others: Eimeria auritanensis, Eimeria caluromydis, Eimeria gambai, and Eimeria philanderi. Additionally, sporulated oocysts of a species new to science were detected. Oocysts of this new Eimeria species are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 21.7 × 20.7 (20-23 × 19-23), length/width (L/W) ratio 1.05, with a highly refractile polar granule, but lacking a micropyle and oocyst residuum. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 10.6 × 8.0 (9-12 × 7-9), L/W ratio 1.3, with a small, Stieda body and a sporocyst residuum of diffuse granules. Of the infected opossums, 5/32 (16%) were infected with only one Eimeria sp., 6/32 (19%) with two, 15/32 (47%) with three, 5/32 (16%) with four and 1/32 (3%) with five Eimerians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos AntÔnio Bezerra-Santos
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Mohammed OB, Duszynski DW, Amor N, Alagaili AN. A novel coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Scotophilus leucogaster (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in southern Saudi Arabia. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:3845-3852. [PMID: 33009947 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel species of coccidia, resembling a member of the genus Eimeria, was found in bats, Scotophilus leucogaster, collected in southern Saudi Arabia has been described on the basis of unsporulated oocysts and DNA sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) and partial 18S rDNA regions. Unsporulated oocysts of this form are ovoidal to spheroidal and had a 2-layered wall, 1.5-2.0 (1.9 ± 0.2); the outer layer was light blue with striations, and thicker than the inner, darker layer. No micropyle was present. Unsporulated oocysts (N = 150) measured 27.2 × 22.1 (25-30 × 20-25), length width ratio, 1.2 (1.1-1.4). There was no evidence of an oocyst residuum and/or polar granule. This parasite was detected in 2/7 (29%) S. leucogaster collected from southern Saudi Arabia. Oocysts incubated at 25 °C in 2.5% K2Cr2O7 did not sporulate after > 1 month. Unsporulated oocyst measurements were compared with other coccidian parasites of bats that discharge oocysts in their feces. Sequences of the ITS1 and the 18S rDNA regions obtained from the unsporulated oocysts grouped this coccidium from S. leucogaster with eimerian species from various rodent and squirrel species. It is critical that future investigators obtain fully sporulated oocysts of this coccidium for full description of the parasite recovered in our study so it can be correctly assigned to genus and given an accurate binomial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama B Mohammed
- Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Nabil Amor
- Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albdulaziz N Alagaili
- Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Skírnisson K, Duszynski DW. Presence of eimerid oocysts in faeces of a quarantined dog in Iceland is explained by coprophagic behaviour prior to its importation. Case report. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:195. [PMID: 32539829 PMCID: PMC7296720 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All dogs imported into Iceland must undergo mandatory quarantine in a special station before introduction into the country. A faecal sample is collected from the first stool passed by the dog in this station and subsequently examined for the presence of intestinal parasite stages. CASE PRESENTATION In May 2019 unsporulated oocysts were detected in faeces from a 7-year-old household dog that had been imported from Sweden. Most of the oocysts studied strongly resembled those of Eimeria canis Wenyon, 1923. As this species is not valid, the purpose of the present article was to identify the correct species and examine their possible origin. Studies confirmed the presence of two distinct unsporulated oocyst morphotypes in the faeces; measurements and photomicrographs confirmed their identification as Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925 and Eimeria stiedai (Lindemann, 1865) Kisskalt and Hartmann, 1907, both common parasites of European rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L., 1758). When the owner of the dog was questioned about the food administrated to the dog prior to its import to Iceland, it turned out that it had exclusively been fed dry dog food pellets. However, the owner also reported that on the morning prior to transportation to Iceland, the dog was allowed to move freely in a grassland area where rabbits are common and heaps of their faeces are present. Furthermore, the owner confirmed that the dog consumed rabbit faeces that morning. CONCLUSION It is believed that this coprophagic behaviour can explain the detection of rabbit eimerids in the dog's faeces, and that such behaviour must be taken into consideration by veterinarians and other diagnostic personnel when they detect atypical cysts or eggs during coprological examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Skírnisson
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute for Experimental Pathology, Keldur, University of Iceland, IS-112 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Donald W. Duszynski
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, 76 Homesteads Road, Placitas, NM 87043 USA
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Cao Y, Yang Y, Duszynski DW, Zhu Y, Shang G, Hou C, Zhang T, Bian J. PREVALENCE AND PARASITE COMPOSITION OF GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES IN THE ENDANGERED TIBETAN ANTELOPE ( PANTHOLOPS HODGSONII) FROM THE CALVING GROUND OF HOH XIL NATURE WORLD HERITAGE SITE, QINGHAI, CHINA. J Wildl Dis 2020; 56:372-377. [PMID: 31750770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to provide baseline information on the gastrointestinal parasites of the female Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) on its calving ground at the Zhuonai Lake region, in the Hoh Xil Nature World Heritage site, Qinghai, China. On 3 July 2018, 238 freshly deposited fecal samples were collected from the calving grounds and analyzed by flotation technique to recover eggs, oocysts, and nematode larvae. All fecal samples demonstrated the presence of gastrointestinal parasites: 93% (221/238) had nematodes, 36% (86/238) had cestodes, and 99% (235/238) had coccidian oocysts. For each Tibetan antelope, mean (SD) parasite species richness was 3.4 (1.3). Coinfections with five parasite genera were found in 19% (45/238) of fecal samples. These results showed that prevalence of Trichostrongylus, Marshallagia, and Eimeria infections in these Tibetan antelopes were sufficiently high to suggest long-term monitoring be implemented because the climate there is becoming warmer and moisture is increasing, both presumably due to the influence of global warming which, in turn, may be contributing to increased infection risks with these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuangang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- Biology Professor Emeritus, 76 Homesteads Rd., Placitas, New Mexico 87043, USA
| | - Yahui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongzuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghui Bian
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, People's Republic of China
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Duszynski DW, McAllister CT, Tellez M. The Coccidia (Apicomplexa) of the Archosauria (Crocodylia: Eusuchia) of the World. J Parasitol 2020; 106:90-122. [PMID: 31999218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The order Crocodylia (suborder Eusuchia) includes 27 species of alligators, caimans, crocodiles, and gharials that are cosmopolitan in distribution, inhabiting subtropical and tropical locations. Numerous surveys (many of them trivial, with small sample sizes) have reported a wide variety of blood and intestinal apicomplexans from 17/27 (63%) crocodilian hosts, but neither a summation for the group nor a revisionary systematic approach to species evaluation has ever been provided. Herein, we summarize information on the 16 species of apicomplexans that we consider to be valid, including 8 Eimeria, 1 Haemogregarina (that eventually may be transferred to Hepatozoon), 4 Hepatozoon, 2 Isospora, and 1 Progarnia species. In addition, there are 46 apicomplexan forms that we have relegated to species inquirendae and/or only partially identified forms that await further study. We hope this review provides a foundation for future research between parasitologists and herpetologists on parasitism of all reptiles and their relatives. Since many apicomplexans seem to be reasonably host-specific, knowledge of shared species and/or genera may assist herpetologists to better understand the phylogenetic relationships among the New World crocodilians and the direction of their dispersal in the New World.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Duszynski
- Professor Emeritus of Biology, 76 Homesteads Road, Placitas, New Mexico 87043
| | - Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Marisa Tellez
- Crocodile Research Coalition, Belize and Marine Science Institute, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W. Duszynski
- Professor Emeritus of Biology, 76 Homesteads Road, Placitas, New Mexico 87043
| | - Chris T. McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Marisa Tellez
- Crocodile Research Coalition, Belize and Marine Science Institute, University of California–Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW. The Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) of Legless Lizards (Squamata: Lacertoidea: Amphisbaenia) of the World. J Parasitol 2019. [DOI: 10.1645/18-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chris T. McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Donald W. Duszynski
- Professor Emeritus of Biology, 76 Homesteads Rd., Placitas, New Mexico 87043
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW. The Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) of Legless Lizards (Squamata: Lacertoidea: Amphisbaenia) of the World. J Parasitol 2019; 105:113-123. [PMID: 30807719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Legless lizards (Amphisbaenia) belong to a group of mostly legless squamates that include about 196 species. One genus ( Bipes) retains a pair of forelimbs, but all other 19 genera in the clade are limbless. They are widely distributed, occurring in the Middle East and the Caribbean and nearly all of the major continents (except Australia). Only 2/6 (33%) families, 3/20 (15%) genera, and 4/195 (2%) species in the Amphisbaenia clade of the Sauria have been examined for coccidia and 8 coccidia species are now known. Here, we summarize information on the 8 species of coccidia (3 Choleoeimeria, 1 Eimeria, 4 Isospora) reported from legless lizards of the world. In addition, Eimeria amphisbaeniarum Huntington, Cisper, Smith, Powell, Parmerlee Jr., and Lathrop, 1996, is placed in the genus Choleoeimeria. We speculate that another 380 intestinal coccidia infecting this unique reptilian lineage wait to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- 1 Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- 2 Professor Emeritus of Biology, 76 Homesteads Rd., Placitas, New Mexico 87043
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Duszynski DW. Species Inquirendae in the Carnivora. The Biology and Identification of the Coccidia (Apicomplexa) of Carnivores of the World 2018. [PMCID: PMC7149590 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811349-3.00019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
There are at least 483 reports of carnivore apicomplexans in the literature citing 17 genera or generic categoriesthat have not been described sufficiently or there was so little information provided by the author(s), that their validity, and sometimes even their identity is in question. These include: 2 “Apicomplexa protozoa,” 1 Besnoitia sp., 34 Coccidia-like or Coccidia spp., 135 Cryptosporidium spp., 2 Cyclospora spp., 26 Cystoisospora spp., 36 Eimeria spp., 3 Hammondia-like forms; 7 Hammondia–Neospora-like forms; 7 Hammondia–Toxoplasma-like forms; 14 Hepatozoon spp., 1 Hoareosporidium sp., 72 Isospora spp., 1 Klossia sp., 1 “oocysts,” 135 Sarcocystis spp., and 3 Toxoplasma-like forms. All are considered species inquirendae. In addition, two names, Isospora novocati of Pellérdy, 1974b and Isospora mustelae of Galli-Valerio, 1932, are considered nomen nuda, by definition. There is no record that 37/72 (51%) Caniformia genera, and all their 60 species, and 37/54 (68.5%) Feliformia genera, and all their 49 species, have any of these abbreviated identifications attached to them because most, if not all, likely were never surveyed for intestinal coccidian parasites. And, in the 52 genera that have been surveyed, the vast majority of their 177 species have not yet been looked at for coccidia.
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Austin CC, Fisher RN. Four New Species ofEimeria(Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) fromEmoiaspp. Skinks (Sauria: Scincidae), from Papua New Guinea and the Insular Pacific. J Parasitol 2017; 103:103-110. [DOI: 10.1645/16-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chris T. McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Donald W. Duszynski
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Christopher C. Austin
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
| | - Robert N. Fisher
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
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Tao G, Shi T, Tang X, Duszynski DW, Wang Y, Li C, Suo J, Tian X, Liu X, Suo X. Transgenic Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925 Displays Similar Parasitological Properties to the Wild-type Strain and Induces an Exogenous Protein-Specific Immune Response in Rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus L.). Front Immunol 2017; 8:2. [PMID: 28167939 PMCID: PMC5253372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbit coccidiosis causes great economic losses to world rabbitries. Little work has been done considering genetic manipulation on the etiological agents, rabbit Eimeria spp. In this study, we constructed a transgenic line of Eimeria magna (EmagER) expressing enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) using regulatory sequences of Eimeria tenella and Toxoplasma gondii. We observed the life cycle of EmagER and confirmed that the transgenic parasites express exogenous proteins targeted to different cellular compartments throughout the entire life cycle. EYFP was expressed mainly in the nucleus and RFP both in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Then, coccidia-free, laboratory-reared 40-day-old rabbits were primarily infected with either EmagER or wild-type strain oocysts and challenged with the wild-type strain. EmagER showed similar reproductivity and immunogenicity to the wild-type strain. Finally, we examined the foreign protein-specific immune response elicited by EmagER. Rabbits were immunized with either transgenic or wild-type oocysts. Immune response against parasite-soluble antigen, EYFP and RFP in spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The relative expression level of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α were higher in EmagER-immunized rabbits than wild-type parasites-immunized rabbits after stimulation with EYFP and RFP. Our study confirmed that a specific immune response was induced by the exogenous protein expressed by EmagER and favored future studies on application of transgenic rabbit coccidia as recombinant vaccine vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geru Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tuanyuan Shi
- Department of Animal Parasitology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yunzhou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxia Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuling Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Chinchilla M, Valerio I, Sánchez R, Duszynski DW. Endogenous Life Cycle of Eimeria melanomytis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Dusky Rice Rat, Melanomys caliginosus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in Costa Rica. J Parasitol 2016; 103:56-62. [PMID: 27788039 DOI: 10.1645/16-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous stages of the life cycle of Eimeria melanomytis, infecting the peripheral epithelial cells of villi of the small intestine of experimentally infected young dusky rice rats, Melanomys caliginosus , were studied. Giemsa-stained mucosal scrapings and histological sections were examined for all the stages. Eimeria melanomytis has 3 generations of meronts (M), different in size, shape, and number of merozoites (m); and in size, shape, and location of the nuclei within the cytoplasm of the meronts. The 3 meront types, M1-M3, respectively, had 11-14 (m1), 7-10 (m2), and 20-30 (m3) merozoites. Macrogametocytes and microgametocytes, as well as macrogametes and microgametes, complete the sexual cycle forming the unsporulated oocysts. This parasite's endogenous development produced severe intestinal lesions in experimentally infected dusky rice rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misael Chinchilla
- Research Department, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), San José, Costa Rica, del MAG 400 metros al Oeste carretera a Escazú, Código postal 638-1007 Centro Colón
| | - Idalia Valerio
- Research Department, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), San José, Costa Rica, del MAG 400 metros al Oeste carretera a Escazú, Código postal 638-1007 Centro Colón
| | - Ronald Sánchez
- Research Department, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), San José, Costa Rica, del MAG 400 metros al Oeste carretera a Escazú, Código postal 638-1007 Centro Colón
| | - Donald W Duszynski
- Research Department, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), San José, Costa Rica, del MAG 400 metros al Oeste carretera a Escazú, Código postal 638-1007 Centro Colón
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Abdel-Haleem HM, Al-Quraishy S, Duszynski DW, Abdel-Baki AAS. A new species of Isospora Schneider, 1881 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) infecting the intestine of the Mediterranean house gecko Hemidactylus turcicus Linnaeus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Syst Parasitol 2015; 90:301-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-015-9552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Valerio-Campos I, Chinchilla-Carmona M, Duszynski DW. Eimeria marmosopos(Coccidia: Eimeriidae) from the OpossumDidelphis marsupialisL., 1758 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae), in Costa Rica. COMP PARASITOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1654/4693.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Duszynski DW, Mayberry LF. William C. Marquardt: October 9, 1924-June 19, 2014. J Parasitol 2014; 100:883-4. [PMID: 25205318 DOI: 10.1645/14-640.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Duszynski
- Emeritus Professor of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Fisher RN, Austin CC. Four new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Owen Stanley Skinks, Papuascincus stanleyanus (Sauria: Scincidae), from Papua New Guinea. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2014; 61:195-200. [PMID: 25065124 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2014.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Between September and November 1991, 12 Owen Stanley skinks, Papuascincus stanleyanus (Booulenger) were collected from various localities on Papua New Guinea and examined for coccidians. Six (50%) were found to harbour four eimerians that we describe here as new. Oocysts of Eimeria burseyi sp. n. were elongate to ellipsoidal with a bilayered wall and measured (length x width, L x W) 36.0 x 24.0 microm, with a L/W ratio of 1.5. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a polar granule was present. Oocysts of Eimeria goldbergi sp. n. were ellipsoidal, with a bilayered wall, and measured 21.4 x 16.1 microm; L/W ratio was 1.3. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a single or fragmented polar granule was present. Oocysts of Eimeria boulengeri sp. n. were spheroidal to slightly subspheroidal, with a thin, single-layered wall that readily collapses, and measured 16.0 microm, L/W ratio was 1.0. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but usually one (sometimes two) polar granule(s) were present. Oocysts of Eimeria niuginiensis sp. n. were oblong to tapered with a bilayered wall, and measured 20.0 x 13.1 microm; L/W ratio was 1.5. A micropyle, oocyst residuum and polar granule were absent. To our knowledge, these represent the only coccidians ever described from P. stanleyanus.
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Yi-Fan C, Xu-Heng N, Hui H, Shou-Yang D, Duszynski DW, Jiang-Hui B. Gastrointestinal Parasites of Root Voles,Microtus oeconomus(Rodentia: Muridae), from Haibei Area, Qinghai Province, China. COMP PARASITOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1654/4675.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abdel-Baki AAS, Al-Quraishy S, Duszynski DW. Choleoeimeria salaselensis sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the gall bladder of the horned viper Cerastes gasperettii (Serpentes: Viperidae) in Saudi Arabia. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2014; 61:201-5. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2014.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chinchilla M, Valerio I, Sánchez R, González A, Duszynski DW. A new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the dusky rice rat Melanomys caliginosus (Tomes) (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Costa Rica. Syst Parasitol 2014; 88:181-4. [PMID: 24832189 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-014-9489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We collected faecal samples from 24 dusky rice rats, Melanomys caliginosus (Tomes) (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae), in a Biological Reserve in Costa Rica, and found three (12.5%) to be infected with a species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875, which we describe here as new. Sporulated oöcysts of Eimeria caliginosa n. sp. are almost spheroidal and measure 16-21 × 17-20 (mean 19.6 × 18.2) μm; micropyle, oöcyst residuum and polar granule are absent. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 9-13 × 6-8 (mean 11.2 × 6.7) μm, with small Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies present, but a para-Stieda body is absent; the sporocyst residuum is a compact mass of c.11-15 granules, c.5 μm wide. Sporozoites are crescent-shaped, 5-8 × 2-3 (mean 6.8 × 2.4) μm. This is the third species of Eimeria described from the genus Melanomys Thomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misael Chinchilla
- Research Department, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), San José, Costa Rica
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Ubelaker JE, Griffin BS, Mendoza KM, Duszynski DW, Harrison RL. Distributional records of helminths of the swift fox ( Vulpes velox)from New Mexico. SOUTHWEST NAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1894/n07-jc-73.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abdel-Baki AAS, Al-Quraishy S, Duszynski DW. Choleoeimeria ghaffari n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the gallbladder of Eryx jayakari Boulenger (Serpentes: Boidae) in Saudi Arabia. Syst Parasitol 2014; 87:213-8. [PMID: 24474042 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-013-9463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Choleoeimeria ghaffari n. sp. is described from the gallbladder of Eryx jayakari Boulenger in Saudi Arabia. Oöcysts are tetrasporocystic, cylindroidal, 23 × 14 μm, with a smooth bi-layered wall and length/width ratio of 1.5, without micropyle, oöcyst residuum and polar granule. Sporocysts are subspheroidal to ellipsoidal, 8 × 6 μm, with length/width ratio of 1.4, without Stieda, sub-Stieda and para-Stieda bodies but with sporocyst residuum. Sporozoites are banana-shaped measuring 10 × 1.5 μm. The endogenous development was found to occur in the gallbladder epithelium and the extrahepatic bile ducts. Mature meronts are spheroidal, c.10 μm wide, and suspected to produce 12-16 merozoites. Microgamonts are irregular in shape, 13 × 10 μm, whereas macrogamonts are mostly subspheroidal, c.12 μm wide, with a prominent centrally-located nucleus. Based on oöcyst morphology and the site of endogenous development (epithelium of the gallbladder and bile ducts) the new eimeriid coccidian was placed in the genus Choleoeimeria Paperna & Landsberg, 1989.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia,
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Cao YF, Nie XH, Zhang TZ, Du SY, Duszynski DW, Bian JH. Four new coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Plateau zokor, Myospalax baileyi Thomas (Rodentia: Myospalacinae), a subterranean rodent from Haibei area, Qinghai Province, China. Syst Parasitol 2014; 87:181-6. [PMID: 24474039 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-013-9466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-eight faecal samples from the Plateau zokor, Myospalax baileyi Thomas, collected in the Haibei Area, Qinghai Province, China, were examined for the presence of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). Seventeen of 38 faecal samples (44.7%) were found to contain coccidian oöcysts representing four new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875, and four of 17 (23.5%) infected zokors were concurrently infected with two or three of these eimerian species. The sporulated oöcysts of Eimeria myospalacensis n. sp. are ovoidal, 9.5-17.0 × 8.0-13.0 (mean 13.0 × 10.4) μm; a polar granule is present, oöcyst residuum is absent; sporocysts are ovoidal, 4.5-7.5 × 3.0-5.0 (mean 6.3 × 4.2) μm and have both a Stieda body and residuum. Oöcysts of Eimeria fani n. sp. are ellipsoidal to cylindroidal, 12.5-16.0 × 8.0-11.0 (mean 14.6 × 9.9) μm; a polar granule is present, but micropyle and residuum are lacking; sporocysts are ovoidal, 4.5-7.5 × 3.0-5.3 (mean 6.7 × 4.4) μm; a residuum and a Steida body are present. Oöcysts of Eimeria baileyii n. sp. are ellipsoidal, 15.0-23.0 × 12.0-18.0 (mean 18.2 × 13.7) μm; a polar granule is present but oöcyst residuum is absent; sporocysts are ovoidal, 8.0-11.0 × 5.0-7.0 (mean 9.5 × 5.9) μm and have both a Stieda body and residuum. Oöcysts of Eimeria menyuanensis n. sp. are ovoidal, 12.5-21.0 × 11.0-18.0 (mean 17.1 × 14.6) μm, with a distinct micropyle c.2.5 μm wide; a polar granule is present but a residuum is absent; sporocysts are ovoidal, 8.0-12.0 × 5.0-7.0 (mean 10.2 × 6.4) μm, and have both a Stieda body and residuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China
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Ubelaker JE, Griffin BS, Konicke GM, Duszynski DW, Harrison RL. Helminth Parasites from the Kit Fox,Vulpes macrotis(Carnivora: Canidae), from New Mexico. COMP PARASITOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1654/4657.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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McAllister CT, Seville RS, Duszynski DW, Bush SE, Fisher RN, Austin CC. Two new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from emerald tree skinks, Lamprolepis smaragdina (Lesson) (Sauria: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea and the Philippines. Syst Parasitol 2013; 86:165-71. [PMID: 24048748 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-013-9442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Two new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875, from emerald tree skinks, Lamprolepis smaragdina (Lesson) are described from specimens collected in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Philippines. Oöcysts of Eimeria nuiailan n. sp. from the only L. smaragdina from PNG are ovoidal, with a smooth, colourless, bi-layered wall, measure 23.7 × 19.1 μm, and have a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.3; both micropyle and oöcyst residuum are absent, but a fragmented polar granule is present. Sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 11.9 × 7.0 μm, L/W 1.7, and the wall is composed of two valves joined by a longitudinal suture; neither Stieda nor sub-Stieda bodies are present; a sporocyst residuum is present as a compact mass of granules. Sporozoites are elongate, 14.6 × 2.6 μm, and contain anterior and posterior refractile bodies with a nucleus between them. Oöcysts of Eimeria auffenbergi n. sp. from L. smaragdina collected in the Philippines are ovoidal, with a smooth, colourless, bi-layered wall, measure 19.9 × 15.8 μm, L/W 1.3; both micropyle and oöcyst residuum are absent, but one to four polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal, 10.3 × 5.8 μm, L/W 1.8, and the wall is composed of two valves joined by a longitudinal suture; neither Stieda nor sub-Stieda bodies are present; a sporocyst residuum is composed of dispersed granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, OK, 74745, USA,
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Roberts DT. A new coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Galápagos tortoise, Chelonoidis sp. (Testudines: Testudinidae), from the Dallas Zoo. J Parasitol 2013; 100:128-32. [PMID: 24006862 DOI: 10.1645/13-307.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
During January 1994, feces from a captive juvenile Galápagos tortoise, Chelonoidis sp., from the Dallas Zoo, Dallas County, Texas was examined for coccidia. The tortoise was found to harbor an eimerian which is described as new. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria iversoni n. sp. were ovoidal with a smooth, single-layered wall (∼ 0.5-0.8) that measured (L × W) 13.5 × 10.3 μm, with a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.3; micropyle, oocyst residuum, and polar granule(s) were all absent; 2 conical projections were present on 1 end of oocyst and measured 1.0-1.5. Sporocysts were elongate-ellipsoidal and measured 8.3 × 4.5 μm, with L/W of 1.8; a Stieda body (∼ 0.5 high) was present, but substieda and parastieda bodies were absent; a sporocyst residuum was composed of 2-5 granules in a compact mass between sporozoites; sporozoites were banana-shaped and measured 9.5 × 2.5 in situ, with an ellipsoidal posterior refractile body and a spheroidal anterior refractile body. This is only the second time an eimerian has been reported from Galápagos tortoises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Austin CC, Fisher RN. Three new species of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from skinks, Lipinia spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Oceania. J Parasitol 2013; 99:1086-8. [PMID: 23984908 DOI: 10.1645/13-276.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Between September 1991 and March 1993, 25 moth skinks (Lipinia noctua) were collected from various localities on the Cook Islands, Fiji, Papua New Guinea (PNG), and Vanuatu and examined for coccidians. In addition, a single Roux's lipinia skink (Lipinia rouxi) was collected from PNG and examined for coccidia. Sixteen (64%) L. noctua were found to harbor 2 new eimerians, and L. rouxi harbored another new Eimeria sp. Oocysts of Eimeria lipinia n. sp. from 9 (36%) L. noctua from the Cook Islands, Fiji, and PNG were subspherical with a bilayered wall and measured (L × W) 18.6 × 16.9 μm, with a L/W ratio of 1.1. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a polar granule was present. Oocysts of Eimeria melanesia n. sp. from 6 (24%) L. noctua from Fiji and Vanuatu and a single L. rouxi from PNG were subspherical to ellipsoidal with a bilayered wall and measured 19.8 × 17.5 μm, and L/W was 1.1. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a single or fragmented polar granule was present. Oocysts of Eimeria lessoni n. sp. from 1 (4%) L. noctua from PNG were cylindroidal with a bilayered wall and measured 28.1 × 15.7 μm, and L/W was 1.8. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a single polar granule was present. These represent the third report of Eimeria spp. reported from any host on PNG and the only coccidians, to our knowledge, ever described from L. noctua and L. rouxi and from the Cook Islands and Vanuatu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Fisher RN, Austin CC. A new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Carlia spp. (Sauria: Scincidae) from Papua New Guinea. Syst Parasitol 2013; 86:53-7. [PMID: 23949649 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-013-9429-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875 from rainbow skinks, Carlia ailanpalai Zug and Carlia eothen Zug is described from specimens collected in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Oöcysts of Eimeria zugi n. sp. from one of one (100%) C. eothen are ellipsoidal to cylindroidal, with a smooth, colourless, bi-layered wall, measure 25.1 × 15.5 μm and have a length/width ratio of 1.6. The micropyle and the oöcyst residuum are absent, but a polar granule is present. The sporocysts are ovoidal to ellipsoidal and 10.3 × 7.1 μm in size and do not contain Stieda, sub-Stieda or para-Stieda bodies; and the sporocyst residuum is composed of a compact mass of large globules. The sporozoites are elongate, 12.8 × 2.9 μm in size, and contain anterior and posterior refractile bodies with a nucleus between them. This is the ninth species of coccidium described from skinks from PNG, and the new species described herein is apparently endemic to the skink genus Carlia (Gray).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, OK 74745, USA.
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Fisher RN. New Host and Distributional Records forCryptosporidiumsp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) from Lizards (Sauria: Gekkonidae, Scincidae) from the Cook Islands and Vanuatu, South Pacific. COMP PARASITOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1654/4646.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, Fisher RN. Two new species of Isospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from skinks, Emoia spp. (Sauria: Scincidae), from Fiji and Papua New Guinea. J Parasitol 2013; 99:677-9. [PMID: 23517292 DOI: 10.1645/12-171.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Between September and October 1991 and again during September 1992, skinks (Emoia spp.) were collected from various localities on Fiji and Papua New Guinea (PNG) and examined for coccidians. One of 4 (25%) De Vis' emo skinks (Emoia pallidiceps) from PNG harbored an undescribed species of Isospora in its feces. Oocysts of Isospora grinbikpelapalai n. sp. were ellipsoidal to subspheroidal, 18.1 × 14.9 (17-20 × 14-16) μm, with a bilayered wall and a length/width index (L/W) of 1.2. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a prominent polar granule was present. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 10.7 × 7.6 (10-11 × 7-8) μm, with a L/W index of 1.4. Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies were present, but para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum consisted of large scattered globules dispersed between sporozoites. Sporozoites were elongate with spheroidal anterior and posterior refractile bodies. Isospora grinbikpelapalai was also found in 1 of 2 (50%) Pope's emo skinks (Emoia popei) from PNG. One of 13 (8%) white-bellied copper-striped skinks (Emoia cyanura), from Fiji, was passing another undescribed species of Isospora in its feces. Oocysts of Isospora casei n. sp. were elongate, 31.8 × 21.3 (28-35 × 18-24) μm, with a bilayered wall and a L/W index of 1.5. Micropyle, oocyst residuum, and polar granule were all absent. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 15.3 × 10.6 (14-16 × 10-12) μm, with a L/W index of 1.4. Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies were present, but para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum consisted of scattered globules among sporozoites or as a cluster surrounding sporozoites. Sporozoites were elongate with spheroidal anterior and posterior refractile bodies. Isospora casei was also found in 1 of 2 (50%) Fiji slender treeskinks (Emoia concolor) from Fiji. This represents the first report of coccidia from Emoia spp. and, to our knowledge, the initial documentation of reptilian coccidia from herpetofauna from Papua New Guinea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745, USA.
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Chinchilla M, Valerio I, Sánchez R, González A, Martínez L, Duszynski DW. Two NewEimeriaSpp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Dusky Rice Rat,Melanomys caliginosus, Tome 1860, in Costa Rica. J Parasitol 2013; 99:82-4. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-3144.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, McKown RD. Two new species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa (Rodentia: Aplodontiidae), from Oregon. J Parasitol 2012; 99:493-5. [PMID: 23240773 DOI: 10.1645/12-94.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Two mountain beavers, Aplodontia rufa , were collected in Lincoln County, Oregon, and examined for coccidia. Both were infected with 2 new species of Eimeria. Oocysts of Eimeria chitkoae n. sp. were ellipsoidal with a bilayered wall and measured (L × W) 24.5 × 20.2 μm, with a shape index (SI) of 1.2. Both micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but a polar granule of several fragments was present. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 12.5 × 7.9 μm, SI was 1.6. Stieda and substieda bodies were present, but a parastieda body was absent; a sporocyst residuum was present, composed of a cluster of moderately coarse granules with many scattered fine granules. Stout sporozoites were 14.7 × 2.9 μm in situ, with spheroidal anterior and posterior refractile bodies. Oocysts of Eimeria lewisi n. sp. were ovoidal, with a smooth single-layered wall, and measured 13.7 × 7.8 μm, SI was 1.7. A micropyle and oocyst residuum were absent, but 1-2 polar granule(s) were present. Sporocysts were 6.6 × 4.2 μm, with SI of 1.6. A Stieda body was present, but substieda and parastieda bodies were absent; a sporocyst residuum was present, composed of a small cluster of several granules. Sporozoites were granular, 8.2 × 1.8 μm in situ, with a posterior refractile body. These are the first coccidians reported from the mountain beaver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745, USA
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, McKown RD. A new species of Caryospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the sharp-shinned hawk, Accipiter striatus (Aves: Accipitriformes). J Parasitol 2012; 99:490-2. [PMID: 23098064 DOI: 10.1645/ge-3228.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An injured juvenile sharp-shinned hawk, Accipiter striatus Vieillot, 1807 (Aves: Accipitriformes), housed and treated at the College of Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital at Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA, was found to be passing oocysts of an undescribed species of Caryospora in its feces. Sporulated oocysts of Caryospora petersoni n. sp. were subspherical, with a bilayered wall, and they measured 43.1 × 39.8 μm; micropyle, oocyst residuum, and polar granule were absent. Sporocysts were subspherical to spherical, 23.4 × 23.3 μm; Stieda, substieda, and parastieda bodies were absent, but a spherical sporocyst residuum was present as a compact mass, ~15.1 μm wide, composed of many homogeneous globules. The new species represents the first caryosporan documented from this species of hawk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Division of Science and Mathematics, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745, USA
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McAllister CT, Duszynski DW, McKown RD. A new species of Caryospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae), from Kansas. J Parasitol 2012; 99:287-9. [PMID: 22992168 DOI: 10.1645/ge-3236.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Between March 1989 and February 1994, 4 bald eagles ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus ) from various localities in Kansas were examined for coccidia. One (25%) of the bald eagles was found to be passing an undescribed species of Caryospora in its feces. Oocysts of Caryospora hanebrinki n. sp. are ellipsoidal to ovoidal with a bilayered wall and measure 48.1 × 42.1 μm with a shape index of 1.2. A micropyle, oocyst residuum, and polar granule were absent. Sporocysts are spheroidal, 24.8 μm wide. Stieda, substieda, and parastieda bodies were absent; a spheroidal sporocyst residuum is present; it measures 17.5 μm and is composed of many intact homogenous globules with a few dispersed in a loose spiral around the sporocysts. This is the first caryosporan documented from the bald eagle and is the largest known Caryospora from raptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris T McAllister
- Science and Mathematics Division, Eastern Oklahoma State College, Idabel, Oklahoma 74745, USA.
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Yi-Fan C, Le Y, Yin D, Jiang-Hui B, Duszynski DW. Emendation of 2 Isospora Species (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting the Steppe Polecat, Mustela eversmanii Lesson, 1827, in China, to the Genus Cystoisospora (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae). COMP PARASITOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1654/4531.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Duszynski DW. ASP President 2010-2011, Janine Caira: this is your life! J Parasitol 2011; 97:963-6. [PMID: 21711128 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2895.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Couch L, Laakkonen J, Goodman S, Duszynski DW. Two New Eimerians (Apicomplexa) from Insectivorous Mammals in Madagascar. J Parasitol 2011; 97:293-6. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-2611.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Duszynski DW. Steve J. Upton. J Parasitol 2010. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-2659.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ubelaker JE, Chudhri SI, Clifford PP, Duszynski DW. Helminth Parasites of the Spotted Ground Squirrel, Xerospermophilus (syn. Spermophilus) spilosoma (Bennett, 1833) Helgen, Cole, Helgen, and Wilson, 2009, from Central New Mexico, U.S.A. COMP PARASITOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1654/4398.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bush SE, Duszynski DW, Nickol BB. Acanthocephala from Amphibians in China with the Description of a New Species of Pseudoacanthocephalus (Echinorhynchida). J Parasitol 2009; 95:1440-5. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-2101.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gardner SL, Seggerman NA, Batsaikhan N, Ganzorig S, Tinnin DS, Duszynski DW. Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the lagomorph Lepus tolai in Mongolia. J Parasitol 2009; 95:1451-4. [PMID: 19663534 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2137.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1999, a single specimen of the Tolai hare, Lepus tolai Pallas, 1778, from the Gobi region of Mongolia was examined and had a new species of eimerian parasite in its intestinal contents. Eimeria gobiensis n. sp. is relatively large; it possesses 2 oocyst walls and a very well-developed oocyst residuum. Oocysts of the new species possess a thick wall with a double layer, a massive 3-layered micropyle, and are ellipsoidal, with average length and width of the oocyst of 38.6 × 24.2 µm, respectively. The range in measurements of these oocysts extends from 27.3 to 49.2 µm in length by 18.8 to 32.5 µm in width, with a length/width ratio = 1.6; the oocyst residuumis is composed of a sub-spheroidal mass of small granules with an average size of 12.0 × 11.0 µm; sporocysts are ovoidal with an average length × width of 15.0 × 7.7 µm, respectively, and a range in length extending from 9.2 to 21.0 µm by 5.0 to 12.0 µm in width. In addition, each sporozoite has a large, medial, refractile body with an average size of 6.0 × 5.0 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott L Gardner
- Harold W Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0514, USA.
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Cao YF, Ye RR, Wu JH, Bian JH, Duszynski DW. Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Plateau pika, Ochotona curzoniae, from Haibei Area, Qinghai Province, China, with the description of two new species. J Parasitol 2009; 95:1192-6. [PMID: 19413368 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2063.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-two fecal samples from the Plateau pika, Ochotona curzoniae, collected in the Haibei Area, Qinghai Province, China, were examined for the presence of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). Five distinct morphotypes, all Eimeria species, were distinguished based on the structure of their sporulated oocysts. Three of these included Eimeria banffensis, Eimeria calentinei, and Eimeria cryptobarretti, all of which have been described previously from other Ochotona species. We also studied 2 morphotypes that we feel have sufficient qualitative and quantitative characters to distinguish them from all previously described species; herein, we identify them as putative new species. Eimeria qinghaiensis n.sp. was found in 18/52 (35%) O. curzoniae. It has ovoidal oocysts with a 3-layered wall, with a rough outermost layer and a micropyle, approximately 9 microm wide. Sporulated oocysts are 37.2 x 27.2 (34-41 x 24-32) microm; 1 polar granule is present, but an oocyst residuum is absent. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 16.6 x 9.8 (14-19 x 9-11) microm with a Stieda body; sporocyst residuum and sporozoites have 2 refractile bodies. Eimeria haibeiensis n. sp. was found in 21/52 (40%) pikas. It has ellipsoidal to ovoidal oocysts, with a 2-layered smooth wall and a micropyle, 3.9 microm wide. Oocysts are 22.2 x 16.2 (20-24 x 15-18) microm; polar granule and oocyst residuum are both absent. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 11.6 x 6.6 (10-13 x 5-7) microm, with a Stieda body; sporocyst residuum and sporozoites each have 2 refractile bodies, 1 at each end. The 5 eimerian species we discovered in O. curzoniae in China all represent new host and locality records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
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de Noronha ACF, Starke-Buzetti WA, Duszynski DW. Eimeria spp. in Brazilian water buffalo. J Parasitol 2009; 95:231-4. [PMID: 18662041 DOI: 10.1645/ge-1605.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 07/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Eimeria species are frequently found in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Brazil. Here, we report those Eimeria spp. that infect buffalos during their first year of life. Fresh fecal samples were examined from 2 groups (1 group/yr for 2 yr, 2000-2002), each with 18 water buffalo calves (both sexes), from birth through 12 mo of age, in Selvíria, MS, Brazil. Five oocyst morphotypes were observed, i.e., Eimeria ellipsoidalis and Eimeria zuernii, both previously described from water buffalo, and 3 other morphotypes consistent with descriptions of known Eimeria spp. from Artiodactyla hosts, but originally described from other genera than those in which we found them (referred to here as Eimeria species 1-3). Our results showed that buffalo calves started shedding oocysts in their feces between 6-29 days of age, with the highest concentration ranging from 188-292 oocysts/g of feces. The 3 unnamed oocyst morphotypes in the calf feces resembled E. auburnensis (Eimeria sp. 3), E. cylindrica (Eimeria sp. 1), and E. subspherica (Eimeria sp. 2). The most prevalent species were Eimeria sp. 1 and E. ellipsoidalis, which dominated in the youngest animals (6 to 133 days old). Eimeria zuernii oocysts, in contrast, were found only in low numbers in the feces of older calves (208 to 283 days old). Calves were infected more frequently during the rainy season (September to January) in both years, but cows were negative for Eimeria spp., whenever feces were collected (spring, winter, autumn, or summer seasons).
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