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Shishkina EA, Degteva MO, Napier BA. EPR-based uncertainty validation of the calculated external doses for population exposed in the urals region. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2023; 199:1586-1590. [PMID: 37721077 PMCID: PMC10505940 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Tooth enamel Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used as a method for external dosimetry in the territories contaminated in the 1950s by PA 'Mayak' (Urals region) to validate the mean dose estimates predicted by the Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS). The purpose of this study is to validate the uncertainties of TRDS doses. Ninety percent confidence intervals (90% confidence interval, CI) of dose estimated with both methods were compared for 220 people. All data were grouped according to the width of 90%CI, viz.: (1) 90%CI of EPR-based dose ≤ 90%CI of TRDS prediction (38 cases); (2) 90%CI of EPR-based dose > 90%CI of TRDS prediction (182 cases). About 91% of 90%CIs overlap. In group 1, 100% cases overlap. In group 2, 80% of the cases were non-contradictive (the calculated 90%CI is completely within the measured one). Interval comparison of doses predicted retrospectively and estimated based on individual measurements are non-contradictory and demonstrate a good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Biophys. Lab., Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A Vorovsky Str., 454124, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Department of Radiation Biology, Chelyabinsk State University, 129 Bratiev Kashirinykh Str., 454001, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M O Degteva
- Biophys. Lab., Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A Vorovsky Str., 454124, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - B A Napier
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
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Shishkina EA, Ivanov DV, Biryukhova UD, Pryakhin EA, Tryapitsina GA. Fish otoliths as biological dosimeter: internal dose calculation. Radiat Environ Biophys 2023; 62:143-150. [PMID: 36436118 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-022-01007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Otoliths are organs used by fish for hearing and keeping balance. They consist of biogenic crystals of hydroxyapatite and do not contain any living cells. Upon exposure to ionizing radiation, otolith hydroxyapatite accumulates radiation-induced stable CO2- radicals whose amount is proportional to absorbed dose. In electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) dosimetry, carbonate ions are registered and, hence, the total accumulated dose in the fish otolith can be quantified. Therefore, otoliths can be used as individual fish dosimeters to support radiobiological and radioecological studies. An important aspect of otolith-based EPR dosimetry on fish from contaminated water bodies is the potential presence of bone-seeking 90Sr. Consequently, cumulative absorbed doses measured with EPR in otoliths may reflect the superposition of internal exposure to 90Sr/90Y and external exposure due to radionuclides circulating in soft tissue of the fish as well as due to environmental contamination. The objective of the present study was to develop a method that allows for an assessment of the contribution of 90Sr to the total dose in otolith. The method has been tested using otoliths from seven fish taken from reservoirs located in the Southern Urals contaminated with radionuclides including 90Sr. It has been shown that dose to otoliths is largely determined by 90Sr in the hydroxyapatite. The internal dose component can be calculated using activity concentration-to-dose conversion factors, which vary slightly in the range of 2.0-2.8 × 10-3 Gy year-1 per Bq g-1 depending on fish species and age. Internal doses to fish from water bodies with different levels of 90Sr contamination were calculated in the range from 2 mGy to ~ 200 Gy. External dose contribution was derived for two fish only to be about 100 and 40 Gy. It is concluded that EPR dosimetry on fish otoliths is a promising tool when external exposure prevails or is comparable to internal exposure due to 90Sr.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Chelyabinsk State University, 129, Br. Kashirinykh Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454076
| | - D V Ivanov
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620002.
- M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Urals Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18, S. Kovalevskaya Str., Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620990.
| | - U D Biryukhova
- Chelyabinsk State University, 129, Br. Kashirinykh Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001
| | - E A Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454076
| | - G A Tryapitsina
- Chelyabinsk State University, 129, Br. Kashirinykh Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454001
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3
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Shishkina EA, Starichenko VI, Valeeva ER, Lyubashevsky NM, Modorov MV. Assessment of herb field mouse (Sylvaemus uralensis) migration in the area of the east urals radioactive trace using measurements of bone-seeking 90Sr. J Environ Radioact 2021; 237:106663. [PMID: 34120785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University (ChelSU), Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - V I Starichenko
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vos'mogo Marta 202, Yekaterinburg, 620144, Russia
| | - E R Valeeva
- Chelyabinsk State University (ChelSU), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N M Lyubashevsky
- Israel Independent Academy for the Development of Science, Haifa, Israel
| | - M V Modorov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vos'mogo Marta 202, Yekaterinburg, 620144, Russia
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4
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Tarlovskaya EI, Arutyunov AG, Konradi AO, Lopatin YM, Rebrov AP, Tereshchenko SN, Chesnikova AI, Hayrapetyan HG, Babin AP, Bakulin IG, Bakulina NV, Balykova LA, Blagonravova AS, Boldina MV, Vaisberg AR, Galyavich AS, Gomonova VV, Grigorieva NY, Gubareva IV, Demko IV, Evzerikhina AV, Zharkov AV, Kamilova UK, Kim ZF, Kuznetsova TY, Lareva NV, Makarova EV, Malchikova SV, Nedogoda SV, Petrova MM, Pochinka IG, Protasov KV, Protsenko DN, Ruzanau DY, Sayganov SA, Sarybaev AS, Selezneva NM, Sugraliev AB, Fomin IV, Khlynova OV, Chizhova OY, Shaposhnik II, Shсukarev DA, Abdrahmanova AK, Avetisian SA, Avoyan HG, Azarian KK, Aimakhanova GT, Ayipova DA, Akunov AC, Alieva MK, Aparkina AV, Aruslanova OR, Ashina EY, Badina OY, Barisheva OY, Batchayeva AS, Bitieva AM, Bikhteyev IU, Borodulina NA, Bragin MV, Budu AM, Burygina LA, Bykova GA, Vagapova KR, Varlamova DD, Vezikova NN, Verbitskaya EA, Vilkova OE, Vinnikova EA, Vustina VV, Gаlova EA, Genkel VV, Gorshenina EI, Gostishev RV, Grigorieva EV, Gubareva EY, Dabylova GM, Demchenko AI, Dolgikh OY, Duyshobayev MY, Evdokimov DS, Egorova KE, Ermilova AN, Zheldybayeva AE, Zarechnova NV, Zimina YD, Ivanova SY, Ivanchenko EY, Ilina MV, Kazakovtseva MV, Kazymova EV, Kalinina YS, Kamardina NA, Karachenova AM, Karetnikov IA, Karoli NA, Karpov OV, Karsiev MK, Кaskaeva DS, Kasymova KF, Kerimbekova ZB, Kerimova AS, Kim ES, Kiseleva NV, Klimenko DA, Klimova AV, Kovalishena OV, Kolmakova EV, Kolchinskaya TP, Kolyadich MI, Kondriakova OV, Konoval MP, Konstantinov DY, Konstantinova EA, Kordukova VA, Koroleva EV, Kraposhina AY, Kriukova TV, Kuznetsova AS, Kuzmina TY, Kuzmichev KV, Kulchoroeva CK, Kuprina TV, Kouranova IM, Kurenkova LV, Kurchugina NY, Kushubakova NA, Levankova VI, Levin MЕ, Lyubavina NA, Magdeyeva NA, Mazalov KV, Majseenko VI, Makarova AS, Maripov AM, Marusina AA, Melnikov ES, Moiseenko NB, Muradova FN, Muradyan RG, Myshak AO, Nikitina NM, Ogurlieva BB, Odegova AA, Omarova YM, Omurzakova NA, Ospanova SO, Pahomova EV, Petrov LD, Plastinina SS, Pogrebetskaya VA, Polyakov DS, Ponomarenko EV, Popova LL, Prokofeva NA, Pudova IA, Rakov NA, Rakhimov AN, Rozanova NA, Serikbolkyzy S, Simonov AA, Skachkova VV, Soloveva DV, Soloveva IA, Sokhova FM, Subbotin AK, Sukhomlinova IM, Sushilova AG, Tagayeva DR, Titojkina YV, Tikhonova EP, Tokmin DS, Tolmacheva AA, Torgunakova MS, Trenogina KV, Trostianetckaia NA, Trofimov DA, Tulichev AA, Tursunova AT, Ulanova ND, Fatenkov OV, Fedorishina OV, Fil TS, Fomina IY, Fominova IS, Frolova IA, Tsvinger SM, Tsoma VV, Cholponbaeva MB, Chudinovskikh TI, Shevchenko OA, Sheshina TV, Shishkina EA, Shishkov KY, Sherbakov SY, Yausheva EA, Musaelian SN, Belenkov YN, Arutyunov GP. Analysis of influence of background therapy for comorbidities in the period before infection on the risk of the lethal COVID outcome. Data from the international ACTIV SARS-CoV-2 registry («Analysis of chronic non-infectious diseases dynamics after COVID-19 infection in adult patients SARS-CoV-2»). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 61:20-32. [PMID: 34713782 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2021.9.n1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To study the effect of regular drug therapy for cardiovascular and other diseases preceding the COVID-19 infection on severity and outcome of COVID-19 based on data of the ACTIVE (Analysis of dynamics of Comorbidities in paTIents who surVived SARS-CoV-2 infEction) registry.Material and methods The ACTIVE registry was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The registry includes 5 808 male and female patients diagnosed with COVID-19 treated in a hospital or at home with a due protection of patients' privacy (data of nasal and throat smears; antibody titer; typical CT imaging features). The register territory included 7 countries: the Russian Federation, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Moldova, and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The registry design: a closed, multicenter registry with two nonoverlapping arms (outpatient arm and in-patient arm). The registry scheduled 6 visits, 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 virtual visits (telephone calls) at 3, 6, and 12 mos. Patient enrollment started on June 29, 2020 and was completed on October 29, 2020. The registry completion is scheduled for October 29, 2022. The registry ID: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04492384. In this fragment of the study of registry data, the work group analyzed the effect of therapy for comorbidities at baseline on severity and outcomes of the novel coronavirus infection. The study population included only the patients who took their medicines on a regular basis while the comparison population consisted of noncompliant patients (irregular drug intake or not taking drugs at all despite indications for the treatment).Results The analysis of the ACTIVE registry database included 5808 patients. The vast majority of patients with COVID-19 had comorbidities with prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Medicines used for the treatment of COVID-19 comorbidities influenced the course of the infectious disease in different ways. A lower risk of fatal outcome was associated with the statin treatment in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD); with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor antagonists and with beta-blockers in patients with IHD, arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure (CHF), and atrial fibrillation; with oral anticoagulants (OAC), primarily direct OAC, clopidogrel/prasugrel/ticagrelor in patients with IHD; with oral antihyperglycemic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); and with long-acting insulins in patients with type 1 DM. A higher risk of fatal outcome was associated with the spironolactone treatment in patients with CHF and with inhaled corticosteroids (iCS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Conclusion In the epoch of COVID-19 pandemic, a lower risk of severe course of the coronavirus infection was observed for patients with chronic noninfectious comorbidities highly compliant with the base treatment of the comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Tarlovskaya
- Eurasian Association of Therapists, Moscow; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - A G Arutyunov
- Eurasian Association of Therapists, Moscow; N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
| | - A O Konradi
- V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Peterburg
| | | | - A P Rebrov
- V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov
| | | | | | - H G Hayrapetyan
- Erebouni Medical Center, Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Clinic, Erevan
| | - A P Babin
- Nikolae Testemitanu Sate University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Kishinev
| | - I G Bakulin
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - N V Bakulina
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - L A Balykova
- N. P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk
| | | | - M V Boldina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - A R Vaisberg
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - A S Galyavich
- Interregional Clinical Diagnostic Center, Kazan; Kazan State Medical University, Kazan
| | - V V Gomonova
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - N Yu Grigorieva
- N. I. Lobachevsky National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - I V Demko
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk
| | | | | | - U K Kamilova
- National Specialized Science and Practice Medical Center for Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent
| | - Z F Kim
- Kazan Municipal Clinical Hospital №7, Kazan
| | | | | | - E V Makarova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | | | - M M Petrova
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - I G Pochinka
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod; Municipal Clinical Hospital #13 of the Nizhny Novgorod Avtozavodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - K V Protasov
- Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk
| | | | | | - S A Sayganov
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - A S Sarybaev
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | - N M Selezneva
- N. P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk
| | - A B Sugraliev
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | - I V Fomin
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - O V Khlynova
- Akademician E. A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm
| | - O Yu Chizhova
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | | | | | - A K Abdrahmanova
- Kazakh Medical University of Continuous Education, Alma-Ata; I. Zhekenova Municipal Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Alma-Ata
| | - S A Avetisian
- Erebouni Medical Center, Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Clinic, Erevan
| | - H G Avoyan
- Erebouni Medical Center, Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Clinic, Erevan
| | - K K Azarian
- Erebouni Medical Center, Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Clinic, Erevan
| | - G T Aimakhanova
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | - D A Ayipova
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | - A Ch Akunov
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | - M K Alieva
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - A V Aparkina
- V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov
| | | | - E Yu Ashina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - O Yu Badina
- Privolzhsky District Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - A S Batchayeva
- N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
| | - A M Bitieva
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - I U Bikhteyev
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | | | - M V Bragin
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - A M Budu
- Municipal Clinical Hospital №1, Kishinev
| | - L A Burygina
- P. B. Gannushkin Psychiatric Clinical Hospital №4, Moscow
| | - G A Bykova
- Akademician E. A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm
| | - K R Vagapova
- Polyclinic №1 at the Administrative Department of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow
| | | | | | - E A Verbitskaya
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - O E Vilkova
- N. I. Lobachevsky National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - E A Vinnikova
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | | | - E A Gаlova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - V V Genkel
- South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk
| | - E I Gorshenina
- N. P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk
| | | | - E V Grigorieva
- V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov
| | | | - G M Dabylova
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | | | | | - M Y Duyshobayev
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | - D S Evdokimov
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - K E Egorova
- V. A Baranov Karelia Republic Hospital, Petrozavodsk
| | - A N Ermilova
- Eurasian Association of Therapists, Moscow; V. P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow
| | | | | | - Yu D Zimina
- Municipal Clinical Hospital №25, Novosibirsk
| | | | | | - M V Ilina
- Kirovsk Inter-District Hospital, outpatient department, Kirovsk
| | | | - E V Kazymova
- Clinical Hospital at the Samara Station "Russian Railways Medicine", Samara
| | - Yu S Kalinina
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - N A Kamardina
- Privolzhsky District Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - I A Karetnikov
- Irkutsk Regional Clinical Hospital, recipient of the "Badge of Honor" award, Irkutsk
| | - N A Karoli
- V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov
| | - O V Karpov
- P. B. Gannushkin Psychiatric Clinical Hospital #4, Moscow
| | - M Kh Karsiev
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - D S Кaskaeva
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - K F Kasymova
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - Zh B Kerimbekova
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | | | - E S Kim
- Kazan State Medical University, Kazan; Kazan Municipal Clinical Hospital №7, Kazan
| | - N V Kiseleva
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - A V Klimova
- N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow; Municipal Polyclinic №134, Moscow
| | | | - E V Kolmakova
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | | | - M I Kolyadich
- South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk; Chelyabinsk Municipal Clinical Hospital №1, Chelyabinsk
| | | | - M P Konoval
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | | | | | - V A Kordukova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - E V Koroleva
- Municipal Clinical Hospital №5 of the Nizhny Novgorod Nizhegorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - A Yu Kraposhina
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk; Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | | | | | - T Yu Kuzmina
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - K V Kuzmichev
- Municipal Clinical Hospital №13 of the Nizhny Novgorod Avtozavodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - Ch K Kulchoroeva
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | | | | | | | | | - N A Kushubakova
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | | | - M Е Levin
- P. B. Gannushkin Psychiatric Clinical Hospital №4, Moscow
| | - N A Lyubavina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - N A Magdeyeva
- V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov
| | - K V Mazalov
- Privolzhsky District Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - A S Makarova
- Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk
| | - A M Maripov
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | - A A Marusina
- Kirovsk Inter-District Hospital, outpatient department, Kirovsk
| | - E S Melnikov
- Eurasian Association of Therapists, Moscow; I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - N B Moiseenko
- N. I. Lobachevsky National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - F N Muradova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - R G Muradyan
- Global Medical System Clinics and Hospitals, Moscow
| | | | - N M Nikitina
- V. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov
| | - B B Ogurlieva
- N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow; Municipal Clinical Hospital №4, Moscow
| | | | - Yu M Omarova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - N A Omurzakova
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | - Sh O Ospanova
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | - E V Pahomova
- GBUZ RK "Republican tuberculosis dispensary", Petrozavodsk
| | | | - S S Plastinina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - V A Pogrebetskaya
- Municipal Clinical Hospital №38 of the Nizhny Novgorod Nizhegorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - D S Polyakov
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | | | - N A Prokofeva
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - I A Pudova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod; Municipal Polyclinic №4 of the Nizhny Novgorod Kanavinsky District, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - N A Rakov
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - A N Rakhimov
- 21 National Specialized Science and Practice Medical Center for Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent
| | | | - S Serikbolkyzy
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | - A A Simonov
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | | | - D V Soloveva
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - I A Soloveva
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Krasnoyarsk; Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | - F M Sokhova
- P. B. Gannushkin Psychiatric Clinical Hospital №4, Moscow
| | - A K Subbotin
- Privolzhsky District Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - A G Sushilova
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - D R Tagayeva
- National Specialized Science and Practice Medical Center for Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent
| | - Yu V Titojkina
- N. P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk
| | - E P Tikhonova
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | | | - A A Tolmacheva
- Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk; Clinical Consultative and Diagnostic Polyclinic №27, Novosibirsk
| | - M S Torgunakova
- Prof. V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk
| | | | | | - D A Trofimov
- Kazan State Medical University, Kazan; Kazan Municipal Clinical Hospital №7, Kazan
| | - A A Tulichev
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod; Municipal Clinical Hospital №3, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - A T Tursunova
- S. D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Alma-Ata
| | - N D Ulanova
- Municipal Clinical Hospital #13 of the Nizhny Novgorod Avtozavodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - O V Fedorishina
- Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Irkutsk
| | - T S Fil
- I. I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg
| | - I Yu Fomina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod; Municipal Polyclinic #1, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - I S Fominova
- N. P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk
| | - I A Frolova
- Privolzhsky District Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod
| | | | - V V Tsoma
- Volgograd State Medical University, Volgograd
| | - M B Cholponbaeva
- M. M. Mirrakhimov National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Bishkek
| | | | | | - T V Sheshina
- N. I. Lobachevsky National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod
| | - E A Shishkina
- Akademician E. A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Perm
| | | | - S Yu Sherbakov
- Kazan State Medical Academy, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Kazan
| | - E A Yausheva
- N. P. Ogarev National Research Mordovia State University, Saransk
| | | | - Yu N Belenkov
- The First Moscow state medical University I. M. Sechenov
| | - G P Arutyunov
- Eurasian Association of Therapists, Moscow; N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
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Shishkina EA, Starichenko VI, Valeeva ER, Lyubashevsky NM, Modorov MV. Assessment of herb field mouse (Sylvaemus uralensis) migration in the area of the East Urals Radioactive Trace using measurements of bone-seeking 90Sr. J Environ Radioact 2021; 234:106628. [PMID: 33992857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of rodent population in the area of East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT) is one of the controversial issues, which are of key importance for the radiobiological and radioecological interpretation of the observed radiation effects. The objective of the paper is to evaluate the probability of migration in population of the herb field mouse (Sylvaemus uralensis Pall., 1811) based on 90Sr activity concentrations in the mouse bones. Radiometric data for bones of 768 mice captured at 9 sites in the EURT territory (with different environmental contamination levels) in 2001-2012 were used. The distribution of bone-seeking 90Sr in the juvenile age group of mice is used as a model of the width of radionuclide distribution in the bones of permanent inhabitants. Comparison of the model predictions and observations in different age and functional groups within the population structure allows simulating the probability of migration and evaluating the fraction of migrants. It is shown that the accumulation of 90Sr in bones correlates with soil contamination at the capture sites. Individual variability in the specific activity of 90Sr in the skeleton tends to increase with the age of animals. The rate of herb field mouse migration is estimated as 7 and 15% per year (for underyearlings and wintered individuals, respectively). The animals captured in the EURT area (all animals, including juvenile individuals) are "diluted" with animals from non-contaminated territories by 5-12%. The average half-time of substitution of the exposed population by migrants from non-contaminated territories is 8 years. Today, the fraction of descendants of the animals, that for generations have permanently inhabited the EURT territory since 1957, is negligible (on average-1.2% and not exceeding 17%). The proposed method of probabilistic analysis of 90Sr in the bones could be used to study migration activity of other species of rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University (ChelSU), Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - V I Starichenko
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vos'mogo Marta 202, Yekaterinburg, 620144 Russia
| | - E R Valeeva
- Chelyabinsk State University (ChelSU), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N M Lyubashevsky
- Israel Independent Academy for the Development of Science, Haifa, Israel
| | - M V Modorov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vos'mogo Marta 202, Yekaterinburg, 620144 Russia
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Khlynova OV, Shishkina EA, Abgaryan NI. Cytokine status in patients with myocardial infarction as a possible predictor of coronary atherosclerosis severity. Cardiovasc Ther Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To study the association of cytokine status with coronary atherosclerosis severity in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).Material and methods. Between 11.2018 and 07.2019, 92 patients hospitalized with MI in Perm Clinical Cardiology Dispensary were included in the study. The control group consisted of 23 patients with stable coronary artery disease. In addition to the standard examination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of interleukins (IL)-6, -10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein.Results. Significant increase in plasma IL-6, TNF-α and C-reactive protein levels in MI patients compared with the control group. The increase in the concentration of IL-6, TNF-α, as well as the IL-6/IL-10 ratio occurs in proportion to coronary atherosclerosis severity. A direct correlation of Gensini score with IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-6/IL-10 ratio was established.Conclusion. Further study of cytokine profile parameters in MI patients will help a clearer understanding pathogenesis of coronary artery atherosclerosis. An increase in concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-6/IL-10 ratio is associated with an increase in coronary atherosclerosis severity and can be used in practice for its prediction.
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7
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Shishkina EA, Timofeev YS, Volchkova AY, Sharagin PA, Zalyapin VI, Degteva MO, Smith MA, Napier BA. Trabecula: A Random Generator of Computational Phantoms for Bone Marrow Dosimetry. Health Phys 2020; 118:53-59. [PMID: 31764420 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was motivated by the efforts to evaluate radiation risk for leukemia incidence in the Techa River cohort, where the main bone marrow dose contributors were Sr (bone-seeking beta emitters). Energy deposition in bone marrow targets was evaluated by simulating radiation particle transport using computational phantoms. The present paper describes the computer program Trabecula implementing an algorithm for parametric generation of computational phantoms, which serve as the basis for calculating bone marrow doses. Trabecula is a user-friendly tool that automatically converts analytical models into voxelized representations that are directly compatible as input to Monte Carlo N Particle code.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y S Timofeev
- Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A Y Volchkova
- Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - P A Sharagin
- Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - V I Zalyapin
- Southern Urals State University (SUSU), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M O Degteva
- Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M A Smith
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - B A Napier
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
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Shishkina EA, Volchkova AY, Ivanov DV, Fattibene P, Wieser A, Krivoschapov VA, Degteva MO, Napier BA. APPLICATION OF EPR TOOTH DOSIMETRY FOR VALIDATION OF THE CALCULATED EXTERNAL DOSES: EXPERIENCE IN DOSIMETRY FOR THE TECHA RIVER COHORT. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2019; 186:70-77. [PMID: 30561681 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study applies EPR tooth dosimetry for validation of external doses calculated with the TRDS-2016. EPR-based external dose in tooth enamel is calculated by subtraction of the contributions of natural and anthropogenic sources from the exposure of interest. These subtracted terms may contribute substantially to the overall uncertainty of the EPR-derived external dose. The validation method strongly depends on the uncertainties. The current study combines the results of a number of previous papers to propagate the uncertainty of EPR-derived external doses. It is concluded that the overall uncertainties of D ≥ 500 mGy are comparable with measurement uncertainties (≤30%); the overall uncertainties of D < 500 mGy become higher as the EPR-dose decreases because they are strongly effected by all other factors of influence. More than 70% of investigated individuals were exposed externally to doses <100 mGy with uncertainties >100%. Therefore, the validation task can be solved only based on statistical approaches. The validation of the TRDS-2016 predictions demonstrates good convergence of group-averages with EPR-based doses. The method for validation of the uncertainty of TRDS-2016 predictions should be also designed based on statistical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Biophys Lab, Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), 68-A Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Department of Radiobiology, Chelyabinsk State University (ChelSU), 129, Bratiev Kashirinih Street, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A Yu Volchkova
- Biophys Lab, Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), 68-A Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D V Ivanov
- Department of Nanospintronics, M. N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics (IMP), Urals Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18, S. Kovalevskaya Str., Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University (UrFU), 19, Mira str., Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - P Fattibene
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Core Facilities, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
| | - A Wieser
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - V A Krivoschapov
- Biophys Lab, Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), 68-A Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M O Degteva
- Biophys Lab, Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), 68-A Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - B A Napier
- Energy and Environment Department, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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9
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Degteva MO, Napier BA, Tolstykh EI, Shishkina EA, Shagina NB, Volchkova AY, Bougrov NG, Smith MA, Anspaugh LR. Enhancements in the Techa River Dosimetry System: TRDS-2016D Code for Reconstruction of Deterministic Estimates of Dose From Environmental Exposures. Health Phys 2019; 117:378-387. [PMID: 30958804 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne releases to the Techa River from the Mayak plutonium facility in Russia during 1949-1956 resulted in significant doses to persons living downstream. The dosimetry system Techa River Dosimetry System-2016D has been developed, which provides individual doses of external and internal exposure for the members of the Techa River cohort and other persons who were exposed to releases of radioactive material to the Southern Urals. The results of computation of individual doses absorbed in red bone marrow and extraskeletal tissues for the Techa River cohort members (29,647 persons) are presented, which are based on residence histories on the contaminated Techa River and the East Urals Radioactive Trace, which was formed in 1957 as a result of the Kyshtym Accident. Available Sr body-burden measurements and available information on individual household locations have been used for refinement of individual dose estimates. Techa River Dosimetry System-2016D-based dose estimates will be used for verification of risk of low-dose-rate effects of ionizing radiation in the Techa River cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Degteva
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - B A Napier
- Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - E I Tolstykh
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N B Shagina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A Yu Volchkova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N G Bougrov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M A Smith
- Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - L R Anspaugh
- Emeritus, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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Shishkina EA, Pryakhin EA, Sharagin PA, Osipov DI, Tryapitsina GA, Atamanyuk NI, Egoreichenkov EA, Trapeznikov AV, Rudolfsen G, Teien HC, Sneve MK. The radiation exposure of fish in the period of the Techa river peak contamination. J Environ Radioact 2019; 201:43-55. [PMID: 30753952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne radioactive releases into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association in Russia during 1949-1956 resulted in downstream contamination of the river ecosystem. The discharged liquid waste contained both short-lived isotopes (95Zr, 95Nb, 103,106Ru, 141,144Ce, 91Y, 89Sr and 140Ba with half-life from 3 days to 1.02 years) and the long-lived 90Sr and 137Cs (half-life - 28.79 y and 30.07 y, respectively). Even now, when two half-lives of 90Sr and 137Cs have passed, the contamination in the upper river region (about 70 km from the source of releases) is still relatively high. Current anthropogenic dose rates calculated for the fish of the Techa River depend on the distance along the stream and decrease from 150 to 3 μGy day-1. Radiation exposure of fish is expected to have been much higher at the time of the releases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dose rates for the most common fish species of the river, viz., roach (Rutilus rutilus), perch (Perca fluviatilis) and pike (Esox lucius), in the period of peak contamination of the upper reaches of the Techa River from 1950 to 1951. To achieve this objective, calculation of both internal and external dose rates was performed. For dose rate calculation, the contamination of the river compartments was modeled, body-size dependent dose coefficients were evaluated, morphometric data were analyzed. Maximum dose rates were obtained for roach; minimum - for pike, it depends on fish lifestyle (time spent at the bottom). In the period before September 1950, fish of the upper reaches are assessed to have been exposed to dose rates exceeding the screening level equal to 240 μGy day-1. From September 1950 up to the end of 1952 the fish dose rates along the Techa River were found to be close to the UNSCEAR threshold equal to 9.6 × 103 μGy day-1 or even much more higher (up to 1.9 × 105 μGy day-1). Extremely high historical dose rates did not lead to the difference in fish size and fish growth rate currently observed in the Techa River and in the comparison waterbody (the Miass River). Discussion includes the description of radiation effects observed currently in the river fish. Today the effects observed in hematopoietic system may be the consequence of radiation exposure of fish over several generations. For example, long term dwelling of fish in the radioactively contaminated environment leads to their adaptation to chronic radiation exposure. At the same time, an increase their sensitivity and decrease their adaptive capacity to respond to other stress factors can be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - E A Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - P A Sharagin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D I Osipov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - G A Tryapitsina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N I Atamanyuk
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - E A Egoreichenkov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A V Trapeznikov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAE), Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - G Rudolfsen
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, Norway; University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - H C Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Center of Excellence in Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), Ås, Norway
| | - M K Sneve
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, Norway
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11
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Ivanov DV, Shishkina EA, Osipov DI, Starichenko VI, Bayankin SN, Zhukovsky MV, Pryakhin EA. Otoliths as object of EPR dosimetric research. Radiat Environ Biophys 2018; 57:357-363. [PMID: 30324495 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-018-0758-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Otoliths are the organs which fish use for hearing and keeping balance. Otoliths are the most calcified tissues in the fish body. In contrast to bones, otoliths are not affected by remodeling and, therefore, they are expected to accumulate any dose from ionizing radiation during lifetime. Therefore, EPR dosimetry with fish otoliths could be an important tool for dose reconstruction in radiobiology and radioecology. It could also provide useful information remediation actions to de-contaminate waterbodies. Consequently, in the present study, otoliths of three contaminated fish species (roach (Rutilus rutilus), pike (Esox lucius) and perch (Perca Fluviatilis)) were examined with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The fish were caught at storage reservoirs of liquid radioactive waste from Mayak PA and from the upper reach of the Techa River, which have been contaminated with different levels of radionuclide activity concentrations. It is shown that the radiation-induced EPR signal of otolith is stable and characterized by a linear dose response. However, the slope of the calibration curve (corresponding to the radiation sensitivity of the material) is not the same for different species; this may be caused by differences in mineralization. The reconstructed doses were found to be in the range from undetectable (in fish from the upper stream of the Techa River) up to 265 Gy (in roach from the most contaminated waterbody). In parallel, otoliths were measured with β-counter to detect 90Sr/90Y. Samples were also tested on the presence of alpha-emitters, but no alpha activity above background could be detected. However, a significant activity concentration of 90Sr was detected (from 1 × 101 to 2 × 104 Bq/g). The EPR doses measured correlated with the 90Sr activity concentration measured in the otolith samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Ivanov
- M. N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics, Urals Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620108, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
- Ural Federal University, 19, Mira Str., 620002, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
| | - E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Chelyabinsk State University, 129, Bratiev Kashirinykh Str., 454001, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D I Osipov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - V I Starichenko
- Institute of Plants and Animals Ecology, Urals Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 202, 8 Marta Str., 620144, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - S N Bayankin
- Sverdlovsk Regional Oncology Clinic, 29, Soboleva Str., 620036, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - M V Zhukovsky
- Ural Federal University, 19, Mira Str., 620002, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Industrial Ecology, Urals Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 20a, S. Kovalevskaya Str., 620219, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - E A Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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12
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Degteva MO, Shishkina EA, Tolstykh EI, Vozilova AV, Shagina NB, Volchkova AY, Ivanov DV, Zalyapin VI, Akleyev AV. Application of the EPR and FISH Methods to Dose Reconstruction for People Exposed in the Techa River Area. Radiats Biol Radioecol 2017; 57:30-41. [PMID: 30698929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Release of liquid radioactive waste into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association during 1949-1956 resulted in a significant exposure of about 30000 people who lived in downstream settlements. The residents were exposed to internal and external radiation. The article discusses the capability of two methods that were used 50 years after the termination of radioactive discharges for the dose reconstruction, namely EPR measurements of tooth enamel, and FISH measurements of stable chromosome aberrations in circulating lymphocytes. The Main issue in the application of these methods for the dose reconstruction was local irradiation from strontium radioisotopes incorporated in teeth and bones. The EPR and FISH assays were supported by measurements of the 90Sr content in the skeleton and teeth in order to estimate and subtract internal doses from incorporated 89, 90Sr. The resulting dose estimates obtained from EPR and FISH mea- surements were found to be consistent The settlement-averaged values in the upper-Techa Region varied from 550-570 mGy to 130-160 mGy and showed a reduction with the distance from the release site. The EPR- and FISH-based dose estimates were in agreement with the doses calculated with the dosimetry system TRDS that uses data on radionuclide contamination of the Techa River floodplain and individual residential histories.
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13
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Tryapitsina GA, Osipov DI, Yegoreichenkov EA, Shishkina EA, Rudolfsen G, Teien HC, Sneve M, Pryakhin EA, Akleyev AV. Assessment of Erythropoiesis Status in Roach (Rutilus rutilus) of the Radioactively Contaminated Techa River. Radiats Biol Radioecol 2017; 57:98-107. [PMID: 30698937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
At present volumetric activity of β-emitting radionuclides in water at various locations of the Techa River ranges from 5 to 40-Bq/L; a specific activity of β-emitting radionuclides in the bottom sediments at various locations ranges 10 Ito 106 Bq/kg dry weight. A significant increase of the erythroblast content in blood as compared to that in the roach from the reference watercourse (the Miass River) was observed during spawning in the spring. Due to this fact the number of erythrocytes was equal to that in the control animals under chronic radiation exposure at the dose rates of 0.9 and 16 μGy/day, and was insufficient at the dose rate of 108 gGy/day. During summer feeding no changes in the indexes of erythropoiesis in roach were observed under chronic radiation exposure at the dose rate of 0.9 μGy/day; the number of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood declines when the dose rates are 16 and 108 μGy/day. When performing a regression analysis, we revealed a dose-rate-dependent decrease in the absolute number of erythrocytes, normocytes, polychromatocytes, dividing and non-dividing erythroid cells in the peripheral blood of roach from the Techa River and an increase of a relative number of normochromatophylic erythrocytes.
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Shishkina EA, Volchkova AY, Timofeev YS, Fattibene P, Wieser A, Ivanov DV, Krivoschapov VA, Zalyapin VI, Della Monaca S, De Coste V, Degteva MO, Anspaugh LR. External dose reconstruction in tooth enamel of Techa riverside residents. Radiat Environ Biophys 2016; 55:477-499. [PMID: 27600653 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study summarizes the 20-year efforts for dose reconstruction in tooth enamel of the Techa riverside residents exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of radionuclide releases into the river in 1949-1956. It represents the first combined analysis of all the data available on EPR dosimetry with teeth of permanent residents of the Techa riverside territory. Results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of 302 teeth donated by 173 individuals living permanently in Techa riverside settlements over the period of 1950-1952 were analyzed. These people were residents of villages located at the free-flowing river stream or at the banks of stagnant reservoirs such as ponds or blind river forks. Cumulative absorbed doses measured using EPR are from several sources of exposure, viz., background radiation, internal exposure due to bone-seeking radionuclides (89Sr, 90Sr/90Y), internal exposure due to 137Cs/137mBa incorporated in soft tissues, and anthropogenic external exposure. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of different sources of enamel exposure and to deduce external doses to be used for validation of the Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS). Since various EPR methods were used, harmonization of these methods was critical. Overall, the mean cumulative background dose was found to be 63 ± 47 mGy; cumulative internal doses due to 89Sr and 90Sr/90Y were within the range of 10-110 mGy; cumulative internal doses due to 137Cs/137mBa depend on the distance from the site of releases and varied from 1 mGy up to 90 mGy; mean external doses were maximum for settlements located at the banks of stagnant reservoirs (~500 mGy); in contrast, external doses for settlements located along the free-flowing river stream did not exceed 160 mGy and decreased downstream with increasing distance from the site of release. External enamel doses calculated using the TRDS code and derived from the EPR measurements were found to be in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454076.
| | - A Yu Volchkova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454076
| | - Y S Timofeev
- Southern Urals State University, 76, Lenin Av., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
| | - P Fattibene
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Wieser
- German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - D V Ivanov
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevskaya Street, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 620990
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str, Yekaterinburg, Russia, 620002
| | - V A Krivoschapov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454076
| | - V I Zalyapin
- Southern Urals State University, 76, Lenin Av., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
| | - S Della Monaca
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V De Coste
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M O Degteva
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454076
| | - L R Anspaugh
- University of Utah, 201 Presidents Circle, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
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15
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Degteva MO, Shagina NB, Vorobiova MI, Shishkina EA, Tolstykh EI, Akleyev AV. Contemporary Understanding of Radioactive Contamination of the Techa River in 1949-1956. Radiats Biol Radioecol 2016; 56:523-534. [PMID: 30703313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of recently available archive materials regarding the liquid radioactive waste storage and reprocessing at the "Mayak" Production Association in 1949-1956 has led to a more accurate reconstruction of radionuclide releases into the Techa River. Radionuclide concentrations in the Techa River water, bottom sediments and floodplain soils in 1949-1951 were reconstructed with the use of a purposely-developed Techa River model. Model calculations agree with the measurements of the specific activity in the river water and bottom sediments conducted since 1951. The model output for the (90)Sr concentration in the river water shows a good agreement with the retrospective estimates derived from (90)Sr measurements in teeth and the whole body of the Techa riverside residents. Modeled (137)Cs-contamination of the floodplain shows agreement with the values reconstructed from (137)Cs measurements in the floodplain soils obtained in later years. Reconstructed contamination levels by radionuclides in the Techa River water and floodplain are being used to refine internal and external doses and risk estimates of late effects in the population chronically exposed to radiation.
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16
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Shishkina EA, Pryakhin EA, Popova IY, Osipov DI, Tikhova Y, Andreyev SS, Shaposhnikova IA, Egoreichenkov EA, Styazhkina EV, Deryabina LV, Tryapitsina GA, Melnikov V, Rudolfsen G, Teien HC, Sneve MK, Akleyev AV. Evaluation of distribution coefficients and concentration ratios of (90)Sr and (137)Cs in the Techa River and the Miass River. J Environ Radioact 2016; 158-159:148-163. [PMID: 27105147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Empirical data on the behavior of radionuclides in aquatic ecosystems are needed for radioecological modeling, which is commonly used for predicting transfer of radionuclides, estimating doses, and assessing possible adverse effects on species and communities. Preliminary studies of radioecological parameters including distribution coefficients and concentration ratios, for (90)Sr and (137)Cs were not in full agreement with the default values used in the ERICA Tool and the RESRAD BIOTA codes. The unique radiation situation in the Techa River, which was contaminated by long-lived radionuclides ((90)Sr and (137)Cs) in the middle of the last century allows improved knowledge about these parameters for river systems. Therefore, the study was focused on the evaluation of radioecological parameters (distribution coefficients and concentration ratios for (90)Sr and (137)Cs) for the Techa River and the Miass River, which is assumed as a comparison waterbody. To achieve the aim the current contamination of biotic and abiotic components of the river ecosystems was studied; distribution coefficients for (90)Sr and (137)Cs were calculated; concentration ratios of (90)Sr and (137)Cs for three fish species (roach, perch and pike), gastropods and filamentous algae were evaluated. Study results were then compared with default values available for use in the well-known computer codes ERICA Tool and RESRAD BIOTA (when site-specific data are not available). We show that the concentration ratios of (137)Cs in whole fish bodies depend on the predominant type of nutrition (carnivores and phytophagous). The results presented here are useful in the context of improving of tools for assessing concentrations of radionuclides in biota, which could rely on a wider range of ecosystem information compared with the process limited the current versions of ERICA and RESRAD codes. Further, the concentration ratios of (90)Sr are species-specific and strongly dependent on Ca(2+) concentration in water. The universal characteristic allows us to combine the data of fish caught in the water with different mineralization by multiplying the concentration of Ca(2+). The concentration ratios for fishes were well-fitted by Generalized Logistic Distribution function (GLD). In conclusion, the GLD can be used for probabilistic modeling of the concentration ratios in freshwater fishes to improve the confidence in the modeling results. This is important in the context of risk assessment and regulatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - E A Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - I Ya Popova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - D I Osipov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Yu Tikhova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - S S Andreyev
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - I A Shaposhnikova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - E A Egoreichenkov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - E V Styazhkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - L V Deryabina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - G A Tryapitsina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - V Melnikov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - G Rudolfsen
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Oslo, Norway; University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - H-C Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB), Center of Excellence in Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), Ås, Norway
| | - M K Sneve
- Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Oslo, Norway
| | - A V Akleyev
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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17
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Pryakhin EA, Mokrov YG, Tryapitsina GA, Ivanov IA, Osipov DI, Atamanyuk NI, Deryabina LV, Shaposhnikova IA, Shishkina EA, Obvintseva NA, Egoreichenkov EA, Styazhkina EV, Osipova OF, Mogilnikova NI, Andreev SS, Tarasov OV, Geras'kin SA, Trapeznikov AV, Akleyev AV. Characterization of biocenoses in the storage reservoirs of liquid radioactive wastes of Mayak PA. Initial descriptive report. J Environ Radioact 2016; 151 Pt 2:449-460. [PMID: 26094572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As a result of operation of the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA), Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, an enterprise for production and separation of weapon-grade plutonium in the Soviet Union, ecosystems of a number of water bodies have been radioactively contaminated. The article presents information about the current state of ecosystems of 6 special industrial storage reservoirs of liquid radioactive waste from Mayak PA: reservoirs R-3, R-4, R-9, R-10, R-11 and R-17. At present the excess of the radionuclide content in the water of the studied reservoirs and comparison reservoirs (Shershnyovskoye and Beloyarskoye reservoirs) is 9 orders of magnitude for (90)Sr and (137)Cs, and 6 orders of magnitude for alpha-emitting radionuclides. According to the level of radioactive contamination, the reservoirs of the Mayak PA could be arranged in the ascending order as follows: R-11, R-10, R-4, R-3, R-17 and R-9. In 2007-2012 research of the status of the biocenoses of these reservoirs in terms of phytoplankton, zooplankton, bacterioplankton, zoobenthos, aquatic plants, ichthyofauna, avifauna parameters was performed. The conducted studies revealed decrease in species diversity in reservoirs with the highest levels of radioactive and chemical contamination. This article is an initial descriptive report on the status of the biocenoses of radioactively contaminated reservoirs of the Mayak PA, and is the first article in a series of publications devoted to the studies of the reaction of biocenoses of the fresh-water reservoirs of the Mayak PA to a combination of natural and man-made factors, including chronic radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Pryakhin
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | | | - G A Tryapitsina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - I A Ivanov
- Ozersk Institute of Technology NRNU MEPhI, Ozersk, Russia
| | - D I Osipov
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N I Atamanyuk
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | | | | | - E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N A Obvintseva
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | | | - E V Styazhkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - O F Osipova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - N I Mogilnikova
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - S S Andreev
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | | | - S A Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Agricultural Radiobiology and Agricultural Ecology, Obninsk, Russia
| | - A V Trapeznikov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UrB RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - A V Akleyev
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia; Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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18
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Ivanov DV, Shishkina EA, Osipov DI, Razumeev RA, Pryakhin EA. Internal in vitro dosimetry for fish using hydroxyapatite-based EPR detectors. Radiat Environ Biophys 2015; 54:257-263. [PMID: 25822591 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-015-0593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A number of aquatic ecosystems were exposed to ionizing radiation as a result of the activities of the Mayak Production Association in the Southern Urals, former Soviet Union, in the 1950s. Currently, fishes inhabiting contaminated lakes are being actively studied. These investigations need dosimetric support. In the present paper the results of a pilot study for elaborating an EPR dosimeter which can be used for internal dosimetry in vitro are described. Biological hydroxyapatite is proposed here to be used as a detecting substance. More specifically, small hydroxyapatite grains are proposed for use as point detectors fixed in a solid matrix. After having been pelletized, the detectors were covered by Mylar and placed in the body of a fish to be stored in the fridge for several months. Application of the detectors for internal fish dosimetry demonstrated that the enamel sensitivity is sufficient for passive detection of ionizing radiation in fishes inhabiting contaminated lakes in the Southern Urals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Ivanov
- Institute of Metal Physics, Urals Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18, S. Kovalevskaya Str, 620137, Yekaterinburg, Russia,
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19
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Shishkina EA, Timofeev YS, Ivanov DV. Software for evaluation of EPR-dosimetry performance. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2014; 159:188-193. [PMID: 24876337 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with tooth enamel is a method extensively used for retrospective external dosimetry. Different research groups apply different equipment, sample preparation procedures and spectrum processing algorithms for EPR dosimetry. A uniform algorithm for description and comparison of performances was designed and implemented in a new computer code. The aim of the paper is to introduce the new software 'EPR-dosimetry performance'. The computer code is a user-friendly tool for providing a full description of method-specific capabilities of EPR tooth dosimetry, from metrological characteristics to practical limitations in applications. The software designed for scientists and engineers has several applications, including support of method calibration by evaluation of calibration parameters, evaluation of critical value and detection limit for registration of radiation-induced signal amplitude, estimation of critical value and detection limit for dose evaluation, estimation of minimal detectable value for anthropogenic dose assessment and description of method uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), 68-A Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk 454076, Russia
| | - Yu S Timofeev
- Urals Research Centre for Radiation Medicine (URCRM), 68-A Vorovsky Street, Chelyabinsk 454076, Russia
| | - D V Ivanov
- Institute of Metal Physics (IMP) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevsky Street, Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
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20
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Shishkina EA, Tolstykh EI, Verdi E, Volchkova AY, Veronese I, El-Faramawy NA, Göksu HY, Degteva MO. Concentrations of 90Sr in the tooth tissues 60 years after intake: results of TL measurements and applications for Techa River dosimetry. Radiat Environ Biophys 2014; 53:159-173. [PMID: 24292426 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-013-0501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This article focuses on the study of (90)Sr in the tooth tissues of Techa riverside residents 60 years after intake. The Techa River was contaminated by radioactive wastes in the 1950s. Contamination of the river system, including water, bottom sediment, floodplain soil, and grass, depended on the distance from the source of releases. Therefore, the average (90)Sr intake was different in different settlements located downstream the river. An additional factor influencing (90)Sr accumulation in the teeth is the rate of tissue mineralization at the time of intake which depended on the donor's age at the time of releases. Measurements of (90)Sr concentration in various dental tissues (enamel, crown, and root dentin) of 166 teeth were performed about 60 years after the main intake using the method of thermoluminescence passive beta detection. The paper presents the current levels of tooth tissue contamination, and the tooth-to-tooth variability of (90)Sr concentration in tooth tissues was assessed for the tissues which were matured at the time of massive liquid radioactive waste releases into the Techa River. A model describing the expected levels of (90)Sr in matured dental tissues depending on age and intake has been elaborated for the population under study. The results obtained will be used for calculation of internal dose in enamel and for interpretation of tooth doses measured by means of the electron paramagnetic resonance method, among the population of the Techa River region.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68A, Vorovsky Str., 454076, Chelyabinsk, Russia,
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21
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Shagina NB, Vorobiova MI, Degteva MO, Peremyslova LM, Shishkina EA, Anspaugh LR, Napier BA. Reconstruction of the contamination of the Techa River in 1949-1951 as a result of releases from the "Mayak" Production Association. Radiat Environ Biophys 2012; 51:349-366. [PMID: 22797860 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-012-0414-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
More accurate reconstruction of the radioactive contamination of the Techa River system in 1949-1951 has been made on the basis of refined data on the amounts and the rate of discharge of radionuclides into the Techa River from the Mayak Production Association; this has led to the development of a modified Techa River model that describes the transport of radionuclides through the up-river ponds and along the Techa River and deposition of radionuclides in the river-bottom sediments and flooded areas. The refined Techa River source-term data define more precisely the time-dependent rates of release and radionuclide composition of the releases that occurred during 1949-1951. The Techa River model takes into account the time-dependent characteristics of the releases and considers (a) the transport of radionuclides adsorbed on solid particles originally contained in the discharges or originating in the up-river ponds as a result of stirring up of contaminated bottom sediments and (b) the transport of radionuclides in soluble form. The output of the Techa River model provides concentrations of all source-term radionuclides in the river water, bottom sediments, and floodplain soils at different distances from the site of radioactive releases for the period of major contamination in 1950-1951. The outputs of the model show good agreement with historical measurements of water and sediment contamination. In addition, the river-model output for (90)Sr concentration in the river water is harmonized with retrospective estimates derived from the measurements of (90)Sr in the residents of the Techa Riverside villages. Modeled contamination of the floodplain soils by (137)Cs is shown to be in agreement with the values reconstructed from late measurements of this radionuclide. Reconstructed estimates of the Techa River contamination are being used for the quantification of internal and external doses received by residents of the Techa Riverside communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Shagina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, 68a Vorovsky Street, 454076, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation,
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22
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Tolstykh EI, Degteva MO, Peremyslova LM, Shagina NB, Shishkina EA, Krivoshchapov VA, Anspaugh LR, Napier BA. Reconstruction of long-lived radionuclide intakes for Techa riverside residents: strontium-90. Health Phys 2011; 101:28-47. [PMID: 21617390 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e318206d0ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Releases of radioactive materials from the Mayak Production Association in 1949-1956 resulted in contamination of the Techa River; a nuclide of major interest was 90Sr, which downstream residents consumed with water from the river and with milk contaminated by cows' consumption of river water and contaminated pasture. Over the years, several reconstructions of dose have been performed for the approximately 30,000 persons who make up the Extended Techa River Cohort. The purpose of the study described here was to derive a revised reference-90Sr-intake function for the members of this cohort. The revision was necessary because recently discovered data have provided a more accurate description of the time course of the releases, and more is now known about the importance of the pasture grass-cow-milk pathway for the members of this cohort. The fundamental basis for the derivation of the reference-90Sr-intake function remains the same: thousands of measurements of 90Sr content in bone with a special whole-body counter, thousands of measurements of beta-activity of front teeth with a special tooth-beta counter, and a variety of other measurements, including post mortem measurements of 90Sr in bone, measurements of 90Sr in cow's milk, and measurements of beta activity in human excreta. Results of the new analyses are that the major intake started in September 1950 and peaked somewhat later than originally postulated. However, the total intake for adult residents has not changed significantly. For children of some birth years, the intake and incorporation of Sr in bone tissue have changed substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Tolstykh
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Vorovskogo 68 a, 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation.
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Tolstykh EI, Degteva MO, Shishkina EA, Zalyapin VI, Krivoschapov VA. Possibilities of using human teeth for retrospective dosimetry: analysis of the Techa River data. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2007; 127:511-5. [PMID: 17627957 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncm358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Different methods for utilising teeth were applied for the reconstruction of internal and external doses for the population of the Techa riverside area contaminated as a result of radioactive releases from the Mayak plutonium-production facility. Information on 90Sr content in the enamel of teeth obtained from the Techa River residents has been used for the reconstruction of intakes of this nuclide. Analyses of dosimetric investigations on dental tissues performed in the Techa River region provide an understanding of the possibilities and limitations of using human teeth in retrospective dosimetry studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Tolstykh
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
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24
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Degteva MO, Vorobiova MI, Tolstykh EI, Shagina NB, Shishkina EA, Anspaugh LR, Napier BA, Bougrov NG, Shved VA, Tokareva EE. Development of an Improved Dose Reconstruction System for the Techa River Population Affected by the Operation of the Mayak Production Association. Radiat Res 2006; 166:255-70. [PMID: 16808612 DOI: 10.1667/rr3438.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS) has been developed to provide estimates of dose received by approximately 30,000 members of the Extended Techa River Cohort (ETRC). Members of the ETRC were exposed beginning in 1949 to significant levels of external and internal (mainly from (90)Sr) dose but at low to moderate dose rates. Members of this cohort are being studied in an effort to test the hypothesis that exposure at low to moderate dose rates has the same ability to produce stochastic health effects as exposure at high dose rates. The current version of the TRDS is known as TRDS-2000 and is the subject of this paper. The estimated doses from (90)Sr are supported strongly by approximately 30,000 measurements made with a tooth beta-particle counter, measurements of bones collected at autopsy, and approximately 38,000 measurements made with a special whole-body counter that detects the bremsstrahlung from (90)Y. The median doses to the red bone marrow and the bone surface are 0.21 and 0.37 Gy, respectively. The maximum doses to the red bone marrow and bone surface are 2.0 and 5.2 Gy, respectively. Distributions of dose to other organs are provided and are lower than the values given above. Directions for future work are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Degteva
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Medgorodok, 454076 Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
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Veronese I, El-Faramawy N, Giussani A, Cantone MC, Shishkina EA, Göksu HY. The use of alpha-Al2O3:C in Risø OSL single grains attachment system for assessing the spatial dose rate distribution due to incorporation of 90Sr in human teeth. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2006; 119:408-12. [PMID: 16585261 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nci656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of using a single grain OSL attachment system developed by the Risø National Laboratory (Roskilde, Denmark) for assessing the spatial distribution of radionuclides incorporated in human tissues was investigated. Detectors containing arrays of single grains of alpha-Al2O3)C powder (Landauer Inc., USA) were prepared using aluminium discs (diameter 9.7 mm), which can accommodate 100 single grains in 0.3 mm holes positioned in a 10 x 10 grid. The luminescence and dosimetric properties of each grain were investigated by exposing the detectors to uniform photon radiation fields. After the characterisation of the detectors, the systems were tested to assess the spatial dose rate distribution because of 90Sr incorporated in a tooth sample extracted from an inhabitant of the Techa River region.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Veronese
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
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Shishkina EA, Göksu HY, El-Faramawy NA, Semiochkina N. Assessment of90Sr Concentration in Dental Tissue using Thin-Layer Beta-Particle Detectors and Verification with Numerical Calculations. Radiat Res 2005; 163:462-7. [PMID: 15799703 DOI: 10.1667/rr3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements of tooth enamel can be used as an individual biological dosimeter for external dose assessment. However, the presence of 90Sr in the tooth tissues makes the task of interpreting EPR tooth dosimetry more complicated. The determination of the dose contribution of incorporated 90Sr in calcified tissue to the total dose measured by EPR is one of the main aspects of correct interpretation of EPR tooth dosimetry. In this work, experimental and numerical calculations were performed to convert the measured beta-particle dose rate to 90Sr concentration in calcified tissue. The cumulative beta-particle dose was measured by exposing artificially contaminated dentin and enamel to thin-layer alpha-Al2O3:C detectors in two different exposure geometries. Numerical calculations were performed for experimental exposure conditions using calculations of electron transport and secondary photons [Monte Carlo n-Particle Transport code version 4C2 (MCNP)]. Numerical calculations were performed to optimize the sample size and exposure geometry. The applicability of two different exposure conditions to be used in routine analysis was tested. Comparison of the computational and experimental results demonstrated very good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
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Shishkina EA, Lyubashevskii NM, Tolstykh EI, Ignatiev EA, Betenekova TA, Nikiforov SV. A mathematical model for calculation of 90Sr absorbed dose in dental tissues: elaboration and comparison to EPR measurements. Appl Radiat Isot 2001; 55:363-74. [PMID: 11515661 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8043(01)00067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mathematical model for calculation of the 90Sr absorbed doses in dental tissues is presented. The results of the Monte-Carlo calculations are compared to the data obtained by EPR measurements of dental tissues. Radiometric measurements of the 90Sr concentrations. TLD and EPR dosimetry investigations were performed in animal (dog) study. The importance of the irregular 90Sr distribution in the dentine for absorbed dose formation has been shown. The dominant dose formation factors (main source-tissues) were identified for the crown dentine and enamel. The model has shown agreement with experimental data which allows to determine further directions of the human tooth model development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shishkina
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Medogorodok, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
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Tolstykh EI, Degteva MO, Kozheurov VP, Shishkina EA, Romanyukha AA, Wieser A, Jacob P. Strontium metabolism in teeth and enamel dose assessment: analysis of the Techa river data. Radiat Environ Biophys 2000; 39:161-171. [PMID: 11095146 DOI: 10.1007/s004110000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
People living on the banks of the Techa river were exposed to 90Sr in the early 1950s. Data obtained by radiochemical measurements of extracted permanent teeth, 90Sr autopsy measurements in bone and tooth samples, in vivo measurements of surface beta activity of the anterior teeth and whole-body counter (WBC) measurements of 90Sr in the skeleton have been analyzed. Surface beta activity measurements indicate a biological half-life of 90Sr of about 35 years in enamel. The WBC measurements have been performed since 1974 and a model for the age-dependent strontium retention in human bone has been used to extrapolate to previous time periods when the other measurement results were obtained. For the first decade after the intake, the ratio of the 90Sr concentrations in teeth and bones were found to decrease with age at the time of major intake, from about 10 for 1-year-old children to about 0.3 for adults. There was a considerable variability of individual data within each age group. For adults, the correlation between 90Sr in skeleton and teeth was not high at 0.47 according to radiochemical data for posterior teeth (molars and premolars) and 0.43 according to measurements of surface beta activity for anterior teeth. For children and adolescents there was no correlation between individual measurements in the skeleton and teeth. The absorbed dose in enamel due to 90Sr in dentine has been calculated by Monte Carlo simulations of the electron transport. The results are in agreement with EPR measurements of the absorbed dose in the enamel of persons exposed, mainly due to 90Sr ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Tolstykh
- Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Medgorodok, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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30
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Abstract
The results of the EPR dose reconstruction in calcified tissues of dog injected with 90Sr are presented. It has been established that there is no essential difference in the values of doses absorbed in tooth tissues of teeth in symmetric positions in the mouth, whereas a significant difference occurs in the values of absorbed doses in teeth in non-symmetric positions. In the case of 90Sr internal exposure the dose reconstruction in crown dentine plays an important role. It has been found that its quantity is close to the dose in diaphyseal cortical bone of the femur, dose at the endosteal bone surface and in femural fatty marrow. The fact that these values exceed doses absorbed in tooth enamel points out the predominant contribution of internal exposure. The highest absorbed doses have been observed in metaphyseal trabecular femur bones, tooth alveolar bone walls, and cortical and trabecular vertebra that can be considered as suitable candidates for biomarkers of internal 90Sr exposure for post-mortal autopsy. The satisfactory correlation has been found between the doses reconstructed in calcified dog tissues and the doses measured by EPR in alanine dosimeters fixed in (or nearby) the sites of autopsy of bones/teeth. The experiments provide support for the view that EPR retrospective dosimetry with calcified tissues for internal exposure is unique in providing useful information on the doses obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Ignatiev
- Institute of Metal Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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31
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Gomel'skaia GL, Ermakov VV, Shishkina EA. [Continuity of medical care between hospitals and outpatient clinics]. Sov Zdravookhr 1981:21-25. [PMID: 7268510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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