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Banovic F, Olivry T, Artlet B, Rothstein E, Beco L, Linek M, Zabel S, Peters-Kennedy J, Welle M, Wilkes R, Austel M, Linder K. Hyperkeratotic erythema multiforme variant in 17 dogs. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:125-133. [PMID: 36510641 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new canine subgroup defined as 'old-dog' or 'hyperkeratotic' erythema multiforme (HKEM) with marked hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis has been proposed without any detailed description of larger case series. OBJECTIVES We report herein the signalment, clinical signs, treatment outcome, and histopathological and immunological findings in 17 dogs with HKEM. ANIMALS Inclusion criteria were the presence of (i) scaly skin lesions with or without crusting; and (ii) microscopic lesions typical of EM (i.e. a panepidermal cytotoxic lymphocytic dermatitis with or without basal keratinocyte apoptosis); and (iii) microscopic ortho- and/or parakeratotic hyperkeratosis affecting the interfollicular epidermis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical questionnaires and skin biopsies were reviewed. Polymerase chain reactions for epidermotropic viruses and direct immunofluorescence were performed. RESULTS Various breeds were affected with an over-representation of males in their mid-to-late adulthood (median age 9 years). Generalised skin lesions included multifocal-to-coalescing, linear and annular macules and plaques with erythema and adherent firm crusting. Microscopic lesions were specific for EM and featured prominent superficial epidermal apoptosis with lymphocytic satellitosis and parakeratosis. No drug triggers were identified. Polymerase chain reactions for canine herpesvirus polymerase gene, canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus were negative in all HKEM and canine erosive EM (15 dogs) biopsies. Lesions failed to respond to oral and/or topical antimicrobials. Complete remission of signs was achieved in 9 of 17 dogs (53%) using immunosuppressive regimens. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Hyperkeratotic erythema multiforme (HKEM) is a chronic, persistent and clinically distinctive erythema multiforme (EM) variant that differs from 'classic' vesiculobullous erosive-to-ulcerative EM in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frane Banovic
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Thierry Olivry
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barbara Artlet
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily Rothstein
- Animal Allergy and Dermatology Service of Connecticut, Plantsville, Connecticut, USA
| | - Luc Beco
- Cabinet Vétérinaire, Spa, Belgium
| | | | - Sonja Zabel
- VCA Northwest Veterinary Specialist, Dermatology, Allergy & Otology Service, Clackamas, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeanine Peters-Kennedy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Monika Welle
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Wilkes
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology/Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Michaela Austel
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Keith Linder
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Yager JA, Gross TL, Shearer D, Rothstein E, Power H, Sinke JD, Kraus H, Gram D, Cowper E, Foster A, Welle M. Abnormal sebaceous gland differentiation in 10 kittens (‘sebaceous gland dysplasia’) associated with generalized hypotrichosis and scaling. Vet Dermatol 2012; 23:136-44, e30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.01029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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3
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Silverman S, Bassett C, Rothstein E. The Potential Benefit of Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Adult Patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yan LZ, Johnson KW, Rothstein E, Flora D, Edwards P, Li B, Li J, Lynch R, Vaughn R, Clemens-Smith A, McCarty D, Chow C, McKnight KL, Lu J, Nisenbaum ES, Mayer JP. Discovery of potent, cyclic calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists. J Pept Sci 2011; 17:383-6. [PMID: 21412957 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a potent dilator of cerebral and dural vasculature, is known to be elevated in plasma and cerebral spinal fluid during migraine attacks. Selective blockade of the CGRP receptor offers the promise of controlling migraine headache more effectively and without the side-effects associated with the use of triptans. Our efforts to develop a novel, peptide-based CGRP antagonist focused on the C-terminal portion of the peptide which is known to bind the receptor but lack agonist properties. Extensive SAR studies of the C-terminal CGRP (27-37) region identified a novel cyclic structure: Bz-Val-Tyr-cyclo[Cys-Thr-Asp-Val-Gly-Pro-Phe-Cys]-Phe-NH(2) (23) with a kb value of 0.126 nM against the cloned human CGRP receptor. Additional SAR studies directed at enhancement of potency and improvement of physicochemical properties yielded a series of analogs with kb values in the 0.05-0.10 nM range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zeng Yan
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
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Bassett C, Rothstein E, Kopyltsova Y, Stern A. Retrospective Chart Review to Correlate Airborne Allergen Skin Test Results with Biopsy Documented Esophageal Eosinophil Count in Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EOE). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chesney RW, Dungy CI, Gillman MW, Rivara FP, Schonfeld DJ, Takayama JI, Alexander DF, Cairo MS, Dreyer BP, van Dyck P, Ferrieri P, Kohrt AE, McAnarney ER, Margolis LH, Orr DP, Rothstein E, Simpson L, Weitzman M, Schonfeld DJ, Yudkowsky BK. Promoting education, mentorship, and support for pediatric research. Pediatrics 2001; 107:1447-50. [PMID: 11389274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatricians have an important role to play in the advancement of child health research and should be encouraged and supported to pursue research activities. Education and training in child health research should be part of every level of pediatric training. Continuing education and access to research advisors should be available to practitioners and academic faculty. Recommendations to promote additional research education and support at all levels of pediatric training, from premedical to continuing medical education, as well as suggestions for means to increase support and mentorship for research activities, are outlined in this statement.
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Rothstein E, Miller WH, Scott DW, Mohammed HO. Retrospective study of clinical observations on insect hypersensitivity and response to immunotherapy in allergic dogs. Can Vet J 2001; 42:361-3. [PMID: 11360857 PMCID: PMC1476501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the importance of insect hypersensitivity in atopic dogs in the northeastern United States. Fifty (63%) of 79 dogs tested with 7 insect allergens, other than flea, had positive reactions to one or more insects. No dog had positive reactions to insects only. Forty-four dogs underwent immunotherapy. Thirty-one had insect antigens in their prescription mixture and 13 had only conventional environmental allergens. There was no statistical difference in the response rate between the 2 groups. Thus, testing with insect allergens did not decrease the number of dogs with negative skin tests, and including insect allergens in immunotherapy mixtures did not improve the response rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rothstein
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Propst SM, Denson R, Rothstein E, Estell K, Schwiebert LM. Proinflammatory and Th2-derived cytokines modulate CD40-mediated expression of inflammatory mediators in airway epithelia: implications for the role of epithelial CD40 in airway inflammation. J Immunol 2000; 165:2214-21. [PMID: 10925309 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.4.2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines produced by activated macrophages and Th2 cells within the lung play a key role in asthma-associated airway inflammation. Additionally, recent studies suggest that the molecule CD40 modulates lung immune responses. Because airway epithelial cells can act as immune effector cells through the expression of inflammatory mediators, the epithelium is now considered important in the generation of asthma-associated inflammation. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the effects of proinflammatory and Th2-derived cytokines on the function of CD40 in airway epithelia. The results show that airway epithelial cells express CD40 and that engagement of epithelial CD40 induces a significant increase in expression of the chemokines RANTES, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), and IL-8 and the adhesion molecule ICAM-1. Cross-linking epithelial CD40 had no effect on expression of the adhesion molecule VCAM-1. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and the Th2-derived cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 modulated the positive effects of CD40 engagement on inflammatory mediator expression in airway epithelial cells. Importantly, CD40 ligation enhanced the sensitivity of airway epithelial cells to the effects of TNF-alpha and/or IL-1beta on expression of RANTES, MCP-1, IL-8, and VCAM-1. In contrast, neither IL-4 nor IL-13 modified the effects of CD40 engagement on the expression of RANTES, MCP-1, IL-8, or VCAM-1; however, both IL-4 and IL-13 attenuated the effects of CD40 cross-linking on ICAM-1 expression. Together, these findings suggest that interactions between CD40-responsive airway epithelial cells and CD40 ligand+ leukocytes, such as activated T cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, modulate asthma-associated airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Propst
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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10
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Abstract
The concerns raised by parents and physicians about varicella immunization are reasonable and need to be acknowledged. We believe, however, that the available information strongly suggests that these concerns should not impede implementation of universal immunization against varicella. In fact, some of these concerns are best resolved by universal immunization. Some people argue that only a small percentage of people with varicella will have a significant complication and therefore vaccinating all is unnecessary. Yet, a small percentage of 3.5 to 4 million cases per year is not an insignificant number. There is a precedent for changing immunization practice because of relatively small risks when the risks in question are serious. For example, immunization practice has changed because we have decided that 8 to 10 cases per year of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (of 770 million doses) is unacceptable. Vaccination has been the most important health care advance of the past 40 years. Now that varicella can be added to the list of vaccine-preventable diseases, we can help our patients avoid both the common and the uncommon but much more severe complications of this disease, as well as the considerable economic burden. Although the chances that any individual will have a complication are small, if your patient is the statistic, the odds are meaningless. How can we continue to accept even mild disease from varicella, let alone severe complications, when the disease is now preventable by an effective, safe vaccine? Not immunizing patients puts them at medical risk and us at legal risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Watson
- Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Division of Disease Control Immunization Program, Pennsylvania 19146, USA
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Bernstein DI, Sack DA, Rothstein E, Reisinger K, Smith VE, O'Sullivan D, Spriggs DR, Ward RL. Efficacy of live, attenuated, human rotavirus vaccine 89-12 in infants: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 1999; 354:287-90. [PMID: 10440305 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(98)12106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in infants worldwide. We assessed the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a live, oral human rotavirus vaccine, 89-12, in US children in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind multicentre trial. METHODS 215 healthy infants were enrolled, of whom 213 were given two doses of 89-12 (containing 1x10(5) plaque-forming units) or placebo, and 213 were followed up through one rotavirus season. The frequency of side-effects was compared for 7 days after each dose of vaccine. Immune responses to rotavirus were assessed by serum and stool IgA, and by serum 89-12 neutralising titres. The primary outcome variable (protection from rotavirus disease) was evaluated by comparing the frequencies of rotavirus gastroenteritis in an intention-to-treat analysis. FINDINGS Adverse reactions were mild. Low-grade fever (> or = 38.1 degrees C) after the first dose was the only side-effect significantly more common in the vaccine group than in the placebo group (21 [19%] vs 5 [5%], p=0.001). An immune response to vaccine was detected in 94.4% of vaccinees. Rotavirus disease occurred in 18 of 107 placebo recipients and two of 108 vaccine recipients (vaccine efficacy 89.0% [95% CI 65.4-94.5]). Ten infants in the placebo group but none in the vaccine group were presented for medical care. INTERPRETATION The 89-12 rotavirus vaccine was safe and immunogenic and provided a high degree of protection against rotavirus disease. Further investigations of this vaccine are needed to confirm these findings in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Bernstein
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.
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12
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Beningo KE, Scott DW, Miller WH, Rothstein E. Observations on the use of tetracycline and niacinamide as antipruritic agents in atopic dogs. Can Vet J 1999; 40:268-70. [PMID: 10200886 PMCID: PMC1539681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline and niacinamide were administered in combination to 19 atopic dogs to determine their effectiveness in controlling pruritus. The pruritus was controlled successfully in only one dog. One dog experienced diarrhea that was severe enough to warrant stopping the medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Beningo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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13
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Scott DW, Beningo KE, Miller WH, Rothstein E. Efficacy of clindamycin hydrochloride capsules for the treatment of deep pyoderma due to Staphylococcus intermedius infection in dogs. Can Vet J 1998; 39:753-6. [PMID: 9861499 PMCID: PMC1540377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Clindamycin hydrochloride capsules (11 mg/kg body weight, q24 h) were administered orally to 20 dogs with deep staphylococcal pyoderma. Response to therapy was excellent in 100% of the dogs. Duration of therapy varied from 21 to 91 d, with an average duration of 45 d. Relapses occurred in 25% of the dogs within a 3-month period. One dog vomited when the clindamycin was given on an empty stomach. Under the conditions of the study, clindamycin was an effective, safe, and convenient antibiotic for the treatment of deep staphylococcal pyoderma in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Scott
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Scott DW, Rothstein E, Beningo KE, Miller WH. Observations on the use of cyproheptadine hydrochloride as an antipruritic agent in allergic cats. Can Vet J 1998; 39:634-7. [PMID: 9789674 PMCID: PMC1539454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyproheptadine hydrochloride was administered to 20 presumed or proven allergic cats to determine its efficacy in controlling pruritus. Each cat received 2 mg, orally, every 12 h. The pruritus was satisfactorily controlled in 9 cats. Side effects were seen in 8 cats, and included polyphagia, sedation, vocalization, affectionate behavior, and vomiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Scott
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Abstract
A sterile pyogranuloma/granuloma syndrome in a dog is described. Diagnosis was based on cytological examinations of the skin and lymph nodes and histopathological examinations of the skin and nictitans. Although the condition initially was responsive to large doses of glucocorticoids, it subsequently was treated successfully with tetracycline and niacinamide. The excellent responses of this dog suggest that this drug combination may be a viable therapeutic option for dogs in which glucocorticoids cannot be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rothstein
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401, USA
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Daum RS, Hogerman D, Rennels MB, Bewley K, Malinoski F, Rothstein E, Reisinger K, Block S, Keyserling H, Steinhoff M. Infant immunization with pneumococcal CRM197 vaccines: effect of saccharide size on immunogenicity and interactions with simultaneously administered vaccines. J Infect Dis 1997; 176:445-55. [PMID: 9237711 DOI: 10.1086/514063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Six pentavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (Pn-CRM197) were evaluated among 400 infants. The vaccines differed in saccharide chain length (oligosaccharide [OS] or polysaccharide [PS]) and saccharide quantity (0.5, 2, or 5 microg). Subjects were randomized into groups 1-6 (Pn-CRM197 recipients) or 7 (controls) for immunization at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Pn-CRM197 were well tolerated and elicited mean antibody concentrations that exceeded those in controls for all 5 capsular serotypes. PS formulations were generally more immunogenic than their OS counterparts. For PS vaccines, a dose-response was documented (5 microg > 2 microg > 0.5 microg), but the differences between the 5- and 2-microg formulations were insignificant. The mean anti-PRP antibody concentration was significantly higher among Pn-CRM197 recipients. It is concluded that PS vaccines are more immunogenic than OS vaccines. The improved immunogenicity from Haemophilus type b oligosaccharide conjugate (HbOC) vaccine when given with Pn-CRM197 suggests that a decreased dose of HbOC vaccine may be sufficient to elicit protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Daum
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Tack KJ, Hedrick JA, Rothstein E, Nemeth MA, Keyserling C, Pichichero ME. A study of 5-day cefdinir treatment for streptococcal pharyngitis in children. Cefdinir Pediatric Pharyngitis Study Group. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1997; 151:45-9. [PMID: 9006528 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170380049008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the safety and efficacy of a 5-day regimen of cefdinir with those a conventional 10-day regimen of penicillin V for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in children. DESIGN Investigator-blind, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Primary care, ambulatory. PATIENTS Children aged 1 to 12 years with signs and symptoms of pharyngitis and a positive result on a rapid screening test for Streptococcus pyogenes (ie, a convenience sample). Four hundred eighty-two patients were enrolled in the study, and 440 were clinically and microbiologically evaluable. The most common reasons patients were nonevaluable were failure to return for specified visits and noncompliance with the administration of the medication; 2 patients receiving penicillin V discontinued use of the drug because of adverse events. INTERVENTION Patients were randomized to receive either 7-mg/kg cefdinir, twice daily, for 5 days or 10-mg/kg penicillin V potassium, 4 times daily, for 10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The eradication of S pyogenes and the clinical cure of the signs and symptoms of pharyngitis, both determined 5 to 10 days after the completion of therapy. RESULTS Streptococcus pyogenes was eradicated in 201 (90%) of the 224 patients receiving cefdinir and 155 (72%) of the 216 patients receiving penicillin V (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.7%-25.1%; P < .001). The clinical cure rates were 92% and 91% in the groups receiving cefdinir and penicillin V, respectively (95% CI, -4.5% to 6.1%; P = .80). Adverse events, regardless of the opinion of the investigator about their relationship to the study medication, occurred in 12.5% of the patients receiving cefdinir and 13.6% of the patients receiving penicillin V (P = .69). CONCLUSIONS A 5-day regimen of cefdinir eradicated a higher proportion of S pyogenes than a 10-day regimen of penicillin V. No difference was noted between the regimens for clinical outcomes or adverse event rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Tack
- Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Ann Arbor, Mich, USA
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Watson B, Rothstein E, Bernstein H, Arbeter A, Arvin A, Chartrand S, Clements D, Kumar ML, Reisinger K, Blatter M. Safety and cellular and humoral immune responses of a booster dose of varicella vaccine 6 years after primary immunization. J Infect Dis 1995; 172:217-9. [PMID: 7797914 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/172.1.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Four hundred nineteen children and adolescents immunized with live varicella vaccine 4-6 years earlier were enrolled in a study to evaluate the safety and immune response to a booster dose containing approximately 3300 pfu of virus. Of the subjects, 99% (414/419) maintained antibody to varicella zoster virus (VZV) with a geometric mean titer of 25.7 and mean stimulation index (SI) for VZV-specific lymphoproliferation response of 40.3 +/- 5.3 (SE). Some 7-10 days after the booster immunization, seropositivity rates increased to 100% (302/302), and GMT was 143.6 (anamnestic response). At 6 weeks after the booster inoculation, a subset of subjects had 100% seropositivity (74/74) with a GMT of 218.8 and an SI of 58.6. After 3 months, seropositivity was 100% (358/358), GMT was 119.0, and SI was 61.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Watson
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Joseph Stokes Jr. Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Paradiso PR, Hogerman DA, Madore DV, Keyserling H, King J, Reisinger KS, Blatter MM, Rothstein E, Bernstein HH, Hackell J. Safety and immunogenicity of a combined diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in young infants. Pediatrics 1993; 92:827-32. [PMID: 8233745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the safety and immunogenicity of a combined diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP)-Haemophilus influenzae type b (HbOC) vaccine (TETRAMUNE) in infants as young as 2 months of age as compared to separate administration of DTP and HbOC. METHODS Two-month-old infants were randomized to receive three doses 2 months apart of either DTP-HbOC as a single 0.5-mL injection or to receive 0.5 mL of DTP and HbOC concurrently in separate legs. Local and systemic adverse reactions were monitored within 72 hours of each immunization, and immunogenicity of each of the four vaccine components was measured. RESULTS The incidence of both local and systemic adverse events following the tetravalent vaccine was similar to the incidence following separate vaccine administration. After three doses of vaccine, the response to each of the vaccine components was higher in the combined vaccine when compared to separate administration. In the case of the Haemophilus influenzae type b component, this enhancement was also seen after two doses. The response to the combined vaccine was consistent among the three lots tested as was the enhancement over separate administration. CONCLUSIONS The DTP-HbOC vaccine was safe and immunogenic in young infants and was generally more immunogenic than separate vaccination with DTP and HbOC. The use of such a combined vaccine reduces the number of injections given to young infants by half and is an important step toward improving vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Paradiso
- Lederle-Praxis Biologicals, West Henrietta, NY 14586-9728
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Galdston M, Klein N, Rothstein E. Human granulocyte lysosomal elastase activity using t-butyloxycarbonyl-L-alanine p-nitrophenyl ester and elastin-rhodamine as substrates. Am Rev Respir Dis 1975; 112:629-32. [PMID: 1190618 DOI: 10.1164/arrd.1975.112.5.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal esterolytic activity on the synthetic substrate, t-butyloxycarbonyl-L-alanine p-nitrophenyl ester was observed to correlate well with polymorphonuclear leukocyte granule elastase activity measured on the natural substrate, elastin, bound to rhodamine. In addition, the effect of highly specific, irreversible chloromethyl ketone elastase inhibitors on leukocyte lysosomal elastase activity was similar, using t-butyloxycarbonyl-L-alanine p-nitrophenyl ester or elastin-rhodamine as substrate. Whether polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal granules contain two different enzymes, a true elastase with esterase activity and a similar esterase without elastase activity, as found in the human pancreas, is, as yet, unknown. Both enzyme activities have been identified in isoenzymes of purified human polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal elastase. The correlations observed between the two enzymes, if present in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, are sufficiently strong to use the esterase assay for clinical purposes.
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Cutter HS, Key JC, Rothstein E, Jones WC. Alcohol, power and inhibition. Q J Stud Alcohol 1973; 34:381-9. [PMID: 4713831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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Rothstein E. Problem oriented records for alcoholism programs. JAMA 1973; 224:527-8. [PMID: 4739620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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28
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29
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30
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31
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32
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33
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Rothstein E. Use of disulfiram (Antabuse) in alcoholism. N Engl J Med 1970; 283:936. [PMID: 5458064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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34
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Rothstein E, Clancy DD. Combined use of disulfiram and metronidazole in treatment of alcoholism. Q J Stud Alcohol 1970; 31:446-7. [PMID: 4921397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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35
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36
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37
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Rothstein E, Clancy DD. Disulfiram-metronidazole. N Engl J Med 1969; 281:331. [PMID: 5793214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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38
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Rothstein E. "C2 disease" --a negative opinion. N Engl J Med 1969; 281:275. [PMID: 5791304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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39
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40
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41
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42
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43
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Rothstein E, Norton BA, Lahage EH, Mueller SR. An experimental alcoholism unit in a psychiatric hospital. Q J Stud Alcohol 1966; 27:513-6. [PMID: 5970700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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44
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Snelbecker GE, Sherman LJ, Rothstein E, Downes RC. Teaching machines and psychiatric patients. Dis Nerv Syst 1966; 27:591-5. [PMID: 5918021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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45
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Dasgupta BR, Boroff DA, Rothstein E. Chromatographic fractionation of the crystalline toxin of Clostridium botulinum type A. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1966; 22:750-6. [PMID: 5329438 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(66)90212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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46
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Dasgupta BR, Rothstein E, Boroff DA. Method for quantitative determination of free and peptide-linked tryptophan after reaction with 2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzyl bromide. Anal Biochem 1965; 11:555-65. [PMID: 5856610 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(65)90073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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