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Pagliari F, Sogne E, Panella D, Perozziello G, Liberale C, Das G, Turdo A, Di Franco S, Seco J, Falqui A, Gratteri S, Pujia A, Di Fabrizio E, Candeloro P, Tirinato L. Correlative Raman-Electron-Light (CREL) Microscopy Analysis of Lipid Droplets in Melanoma Cancer Stem Cells. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:1102. [PMID: 36551069 PMCID: PMC9776032 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among all neoplasms, melanoma is characterized by a very high percentage of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Several markers have been proposed for their identification, and lipid droplets (LDs) are among them. Different techniques are used for their characterization such as mass spectrometry, imaging techniques, and vibrational spectroscopies. Some emerging experimental approaches for the study of LDs are represented by correlative light-electron microscopy and by correlative Raman imaging-scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Based on these scientific approaches, we developed a novel methodology (CREL) by combining Raman micro-spectroscopy, confocal fluorescence microscopy, and SEM coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy module. This procedure correlated cellular morphology, chemical properties, and spatial distribution from the same region of interest, and in this work, we presented the application of CREL for the analysis of LDs within patient-derived melanoma CSCs (MCSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pagliari
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elisa Sogne
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- PoliFAB, Polytechnic of Milan, Via Giuseppe Colombo, 81, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Panella
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Liberale
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gobind Das
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Joao Seco
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Falqui
- Department of Physics “Aldo Pontremoli”, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Santo Gratteri
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Polytechnic of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Luca Tirinato
- Division of Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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2
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Yang ZQ, Zhang P, Shi M, Al Julaih A, Mishra H, Di Fabrizio E, Thoroddsen ST. Direct imaging of polymer filaments pulled from rebounding drops. Soft Matter 2022; 18:5097-5105. [PMID: 35766131 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00599a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer filaments form the foundation of biology from cell scaffolding to DNA. Their study and fabrication play an important role in a wide range of processes from tissue engineering to molecular machines. We present a simple method to deposit stretched polymer fibers between micro-pillars. This occurs when a polymeric drop impacts on and rebounds from an inclined superhydrophobic substrate. It wets the top of the pillars and pulls out liquid filaments which are stretched and can attach to adjacent pillars leaving minuscule threads, with the solvent evaporating to leave the exposed polymers. We use high-speed video at the microscale to characterize the most robust filament-forming configurations, by varying the impact velocity, substrate structure and inclination angle, as well as the PEO-polymer concentration. Impacts onto plant leaves or a randomized nano-structured surface leads to the formation of a branched structure, through filament mergers at the free surface of the drop. SEM shows the deposition of filament bundles which are thinner than those formed by evaporation or rolling drops. Raman spectroscopy identifies the native mode B stretched DNA filaments from aqueous-solution droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Qiang Yang
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meng Shi
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Al Julaih
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, 10129, Italy
| | - Sigurdur T Thoroddsen
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Moretti M, Limongi T, Testi C, Milanetti E, De Angelis MT, Parrotta EI, Scalise S, Santamaria G, Allione M, Lopatin S, Torre B, Zhang P, Marini M, Perozziello G, Candeloro P, Pirri CF, Ruocco G, Cuda G, Di Fabrizio E. Direct Visualization and Identification of Membrane Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels from Human iPSC-Derived Neurons by Multiple Imaging and Light Enhanced Spectroscopy. Small Methods 2022; 6:e2200402. [PMID: 35595684 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, transmission electron microscopy atomic force microscopy, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy are combined through a direct imaging approach, to gather structural and chemical information of complex molecular systems such as ion channels in their original plasma membrane. Customized microfabricated sample holder allows to characterize Nav channels embedded in the original plasma membrane extracted from neuronal cells that are derived from healthy human induced pluripotent stem cells. The identification of the channels is accomplished by using two different approaches, one of them widely used in cryo-EM (the particle analysis method) and the other based on a novel Zernike Polynomial expansion of the images bitmap. This approach allows to carry out a whole series of investigations, one complementary to the other, on the same sample, preserving its state as close as possible to the original membrane configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manola Moretti
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tania Limongi
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Testi
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Center for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa De Angelis
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Elvira I Parrotta
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Stefania Scalise
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Marco Allione
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Imaging and Characterization Core lab, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bruno Torre
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Peng Zhang
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- BionNEM lab and Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- BionNEM lab and Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
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4
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Perez JE, Bajaber B, Alsharif N, Martínez-Banderas AI, Patel N, Sharip A, Di Fabrizio E, Merzaban J, Kosel J. Modulated nanowire scaffold for highly efficient differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:282. [PMID: 35710420 PMCID: PMC9202102 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanotopographical cues play a critical role as drivers of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Nanowire scaffolds, in this regard, provide unique and adaptable nanostructured surfaces with focal points for adhesion and with elastic properties determined by nanowire stiffness. Results We show that a scaffold of nanowires, which are remotely actuated by a magnetic field, mechanically stimulates mesenchymal stem cells. Osteopontin, a marker of osteogenesis onset, was expressed after cells were cultured for 1 week on top of the scaffold. Applying a magnetic field significantly boosted differentiation due to mechanical stimulation of the cells by the active deflection of the nanowire tips. The onset of differentiation was reduced to 2 days of culture based on the upregulation of several osteogenesis markers. Moreover, this was observed in the absence of any external differentiation factors. Conclusions The magneto-mechanically modulated nanosurface enhanced the osteogenic differentiation capabilities of mesenchymal stem cells, and it provides a customizable tool for stem cell research and tissue engineering. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01488-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose E Perez
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bashaer Bajaber
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alsharif
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aldo I Martínez-Banderas
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niketan Patel
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ainur Sharip
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Jasmeen Merzaban
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jürgen Kosel
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Division of Sensor Systems, Silicon Austria Labs, High Tech Campus Villach, 9524, Villach, Austria.
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5
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Allione M, Limongi T, Marini M, Torre B, Zhang P, Moretti M, Perozziello G, Candeloro P, Napione L, Pirri CF, Di Fabrizio E. Micro/Nanopatterned Superhydrophobic Surfaces Fabrication for Biomolecules and Biomaterials Manipulation and Analysis. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:1501. [PMID: 34945349 PMCID: PMC8708205 DOI: 10.3390/mi12121501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces display an extraordinary repulsion to water and water-based solutions. This effect emerges from the interplay of intrinsic hydrophobicity of the surface and its morphology. These surfaces have been established for a long time and have been studied for decades. The increasing interest in recent years has been focused towards applications in many different fields and, in particular, biomedical applications. In this paper, we review the progress achieved in the last years in the fabrication of regularly patterned superhydrophobic surfaces in many different materials and their exploitation for the manipulation and characterization of biomaterial, with particular emphasis on the issues affecting the yields of the fabrication processes and the quality of the manufactured devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Allione
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies @POLITO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Tania Limongi
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Monica Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Bruno Torre
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (P.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Manola Moretti
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (P.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus S. Venuta, Magna Graecia University, Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus S. Venuta, Magna Graecia University, Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (G.P.); (P.C.)
| | - Lucia Napione
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies @POLITO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (B.T.); (L.N.); (E.D.F.)
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6
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Moretti M, La Rocca R, Perrone Donnorso M, Torre B, Canale C, Malerba M, Das G, Sottile R, Garofalo C, Achour A, Kärre K, Carbone E, Di Fabrizio E. Clustering of Major Histocompatibility Complex-Class I Molecules in Healthy and Cancer Colon Cells Revealed from Their Nanomechanical Properties. ACS Nano 2021; 15:7500-7512. [PMID: 33749234 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The activation of the T cell mediated immune response relies on the fine interaction between the T cell receptor on the immune cell and the antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the membrane surface of antigen-presenting cells. Both the distribution and quantity of MHC/peptide complexes and their adequate morphological presentation affect the activation of the immune cells. In several types of cancer the immune response is down-regulated due to the low expression of MHC-class I (MHC-I) molecules on the cell's surface, and in addition, the mechanical properties of the membrane seem to play a role. Herein, we investigate the distribution of MHC-I molecules and the related nanoscale mechanical environment on the cell surface of two cell lines derived from colon adenocarcinoma and a healthy epithelial colon reference cell line. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) force spectroscopy analysis using an antibody-tagged pyramidal probe specific for MHC-I molecules and a formula that relates the elasticity of the cell to the energy of adhesion revealed the different population distributions of MHC-I molecules in healthy cells compared to cancer cells. We found that MHC-I molecules are significantly less expressed in cancer cells. Moreover, the local elastic modulus is significantly reduced in cancer cells. We speculate that these results might be related to the proven ability of cancer cells to evade the immune system, not only by reducing MHC-I cell surface expression but also by modifying the local mechanical properties affecting the overall morphology of MHC-I synapse presentation to immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manola Moretti
- Single Molecule Imaging by Light Enhanced Spectroscopies Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rosanna La Rocca
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Torre
- Single Molecule Imaging by Light Enhanced Spectroscopies Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudio Canale
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Malerba
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Gobind Das
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, P. O. Box 127788 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rosa Sottile
- Katharine Hsu Lab, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Cinzia Garofalo
- Department for Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Kärre
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum Solnavägen 9, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ennio Carbone
- Dipartimento Medicina di Precisione, Università della Campania, via L. De Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Applied Physics, Polytechnic University of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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7
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Ge G, Zhang YZ, Zhang W, Yuan W, El-Demellawi JK, Zhang P, Di Fabrizio E, Dong X, Alshareef HN. Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Activated Fast Gelation of Stretchable and Self-Healing Hydrogels: A Molecular Approach. ACS Nano 2021; 15:2698-2706. [PMID: 33470788 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MXene-based hydrogels, a flourishing family of soft materials, have recently emerged as promising candidates for stretchable electronics. Despite recent progress, most works use MXenes as conductive nanofillers. Herein, by tuning the molecular interactions between MXene nanosheets and other constituents within the hydrogels, we demonstrate Ti3C3Tx MXene can act as a versatile cross-linker to activate the fast gelation of a wide range of hydrogels, starting from various monomer- and polymer-based precursors. The gelation behavior varies significantly across hydrogels. In general, the fast gelation mechanism is attributed to the easier generation of free radicals with the help of Ti3C2Tx MXene and the presence of multiscale molecular interactions between MXene and polymers. The use of MXene as a dynamic cross-linker leads to superior mechanical properties, adhesion, and self-healing ability. Owing to the inherent photothermal behavior of Ti3C3Tx and the heterogeneous phase-transforming features of polymers, a polymer-MXene hydrogel is demonstrated to exhibit distinctive thermosensation-based actuation upon near-infrared illumination, accompanied by rapid shape transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi-Zhou Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Jehad K El-Demellawi
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Peng Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, Materials Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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8
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Zhang P, Moretti M, Allione M, Tian Y, Ordonez-Loza J, Altamura D, Giannini C, Torre B, Das G, Li E, Thoroddsen ST, Sarathy SM, Autiero I, Giugni A, Gentile F, Malara N, Marini M, Di Fabrizio E. A droplet reactor on a super-hydrophobic surface allows control and characterization of amyloid fibril growth. Commun Biol 2020; 3:457. [PMID: 32820203 PMCID: PMC7441408 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01187-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods to produce protein amyloid fibrils, in vitro, and in situ structure characterization, are of primary importance in biology, medicine, and pharmacology. We first demonstrated the droplet on a super-hydrophobic substrate as the reactor to produce protein amyloid fibrils with real-time monitoring of the growth process by using combined light-sheet microscopy and thermal imaging. The molecular structures were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray scattering. We demonstrated that the convective flow induced by the temperature gradient of the sample is the main driving force in the growth of well-ordered protein fibrils. Particular attention was devoted to PHF6 peptide and full-length Tau441 protein to form amyloid fibrils. By a combined experimental with the molecular dynamics simulations, the conformational polymorphism of these amyloid fibrils were characterized. The study provided a feasible procedure to optimize the amyloid fibrils formation and characterizations of other types of proteins in future studies. Zhang et al present an integrated real-time imaging and flow field control platform based on water droplet evaporation on super-hydrophobic substrate (SHS) to enable amyloid fibril aggregation. They apply this methodology to observe structural polymorphism in PHF6 peptide and full length Tau441.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manola Moretti
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Allione
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuansi Tian
- High-Speed Fluids Imaging Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Ordonez-Loza
- Clean Combustion Research Center, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Davide Altamura
- Istituto di Cristallografia - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IC-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Istituto di Cristallografia - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IC-CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Bruno Torre
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gobind Das
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, P.O. Box: 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Erqiang Li
- Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Sigurdur T Thoroddsen
- High-Speed Fluids Imaging Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mani Sarathy
- Clean Combustion Research Center, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ida Autiero
- Molecular Horizon, Bettona, Italy.,National Research Council, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Giugni
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Department of electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Natalia Malara
- BIONEM lab, University Magna Graecia, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Monica Marini
- Materials and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia. .,Materials and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Torino, Italy.
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9
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Ohayon D, Nikiforidis G, Savva A, Giugni A, Wustoni S, Palanisamy T, Chen X, Maria IP, Di Fabrizio E, Costa PMFJ, McCulloch I, Inal S. Biofuel powered glucose detection in bodily fluids with an n-type conjugated polymer. Nat Mater 2020; 19:456-463. [PMID: 31844278 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A promising class of materials for applications that rely on electron transfer for signal generation are the n-type semiconducting polymers. Here we demonstrate the integration of an n-type conjugated polymer with a redox enzyme for the autonomous detection of glucose and power generation from bodily fluids. The reversible, mediator-free, miniaturized glucose sensor is an enzyme-coupled organic electrochemical transistor with a detection range of six orders of magnitude. This n-type polymer is also used as an anode and paired with a polymeric cathode in an enzymatic fuel cell to convert the chemical energy of glucose and oxygen into electrical power. The all-polymer biofuel cell shows a performance that scales with the glucose content in the solution and a stability that exceeds 30 days. Moreover, at physiologically relevant glucose concentrations and from fluids such as human saliva, it generates enough power to operate an organic electrochemical transistor, thus contributes to the technological advancement of self-powered micrometre-scale sensors and actuators that run on metabolites produced in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ohayon
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Georgios Nikiforidis
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Giugni
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shofarul Wustoni
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamilarasan Palanisamy
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division (EEC), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, India
| | - Xingxing Chen
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iuliana Petruta Maria
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pedro M F J Costa
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- KAUST Solar Center, KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahika Inal
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Limongi T, Dattola E, Botta C, Coluccio ML, Candeloro P, Cucè M, Scopacasa B, Gallo Cantafio ME, Critello CD, Pullano SA, Fiorillo AS, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Lamanna E, Di Fabrizio E, Perozziello G. Influence of the Fabrication Accuracy of Hot-Embossed PCL Scaffolds on Cell Growths. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:84. [PMID: 32117950 PMCID: PMC7033415 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer widely used for the realization of 3D scaffold for tissue engineering applications. The hot embossing technique (HE) allows the obtainment of PCL scaffolds with a regular array of micro pillars on their surface. The main drawback affecting this kind of micro fabrication process is that such structural superficial details can be damaged when detaching the replica from the mold. Therefore, the present study has focused on the optimization of the HE processes through the development of an analytical model for the prediction of the demolding force as a function of temperature. This model allowed calculating the minimum demolding force to obtain regular micropillars without defects. We demonstrated that the results obtained by the analytical model agree with the experimental data. To address the importance of controlling accurately the fabricated microstructures, we seeded on the PCL scaffolds human stromal cell line (HS-5) and monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) to evaluate how the presence of regular or deformed pillars affect cells viability. In vitro viability results, scanning electron and fluorescence microscope imaging analysis show that the HS-5 preferentially grows on regular microstructured surfaces, while the THP-1 on irregular microstructured ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Limongi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dattola
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cirino Botta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Cucè
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bernadette Scopacasa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonino S Fiorillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Lamanna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Polytechnic University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
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11
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Guzzi F, Candeloro P, Coluccio ML, Cristiani CM, Parrotta EI, Scaramuzzino L, Scalise S, Dattola E, D’Attimo MA, Cuda G, Lamanna E, Passacatini LC, Carbone E, Krühne U, Di Fabrizio E, Perozziello G. A Disposable Passive Microfluidic Device for Cell Culturing. Biosensors (Basel) 2020; 10:bios10030018. [PMID: 32121446 PMCID: PMC7146476 DOI: 10.3390/bios10030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a disposable passive microfluidic device for cell culturing that does not require any additional/external pressure sources is introduced. By regulating the height of fluidic columns and the aperture and closure of the source wells, the device can provide different media and/or drug flows, thereby allowing different flow patterns with respect to time. The device is made of two Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) layers fabricated by micro-milling and solvent assisted bonding and allows us to ensure a flow rate of 18.6 μl/ℎ - 7%/day, due to a decrease of the fluid height while the liquid is driven from the reservoirs into the channels. Simulations and experiments were conducted to characterize flows and diffusion in the culture chamber. Melanoma tumor cells were used to test the device and carry out cell culturing experiments for 48 hours. Moreover, HeLa, Jurkat, A549 and HEK293T cell lines were cultivated successfully inside the microfluidic device for 72 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Maria Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Costanza Maria Cristiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Elvira Immacolata Parrotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Luana Scaramuzzino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Stefania Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Dattola
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Maria Antonia D’Attimo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Ernesto Lamanna
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Lucia Carmela Passacatini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Ennio Carbone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Ulrich Krühne
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technology University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (F.G.); (P.C.); (M.L.C.); (C.M.C.); (E.I.P.); (L.S.); (S.S.); (E.D.); (M.A.D.); (G.C.); (E.L.); (L.C.P.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Onesto V, Gentile F, Russo M, Villani M, Candeloro P, Perozziello G, Malara N, Fabrizio ED, Coluccio ML. Kinetic Rate Constants of Gold Nanoparticle Deposition on Silicon. Langmuir 2019; 35:14258-14265. [PMID: 31596592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We fabricated gold nanoparticles on nanoporous silicon microparticles using electroless deposition in a hydrofluoric acid solution containing gold chloride. The reaction was followed by UV spectrometer analysis of the absorbance of the solution (proportional to the nanoparticle concentration) for two temperatures (20 and 50 °C). The results indicate that the process is autocatalytic, described by a pseudo-first-order reaction, the apparent rate constant kobs of which was determined by utilizing UV spectrometer data. We found that the reaction rate constant at 20 °C is 7 × 10-3 s-1 and that at 50 °C is 2.9 × 10-2 s-1. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of samples and diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) simulations were used to validate the results. This study aims to resolve the kinetics of the electroless deposition of gold on silicon at the nanoscale, in the present state of art missing a quantitative characterization, for certain conditions of growth and given values of temperature and concentration of the reagents. Results may have applications to the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their use as nanosensors, drug delivery systems, or metal nanometamaterials with advanced optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Onesto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , University Magna Graecia , Catanzaro 88100 , Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology , University Federico II , Naples 80125 , Italy
| | - Mario Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , University Magna Graecia , Catanzaro 88100 , Italy
| | - Marco Villani
- IMEM-CNR , Parco Area delle Scienze , 37/A Parma 43123 , Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , University Magna Graecia , Catanzaro 88100 , Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , University Magna Graecia , Catanzaro 88100 , Italy
| | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , University Magna Graecia , Catanzaro 88100 , Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science & Engineering Division , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - M Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , University Magna Graecia , Catanzaro 88100 , Italy
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13
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Russo V, Candeloro P, Malara N, Perozziello G, Iannone M, Scicchitano M, Mollace R, Musolino V, Gliozzi M, Carresi C, Morittu VM, Gratteri S, Palma E, Muscoli C, Di Fabrizio E, Mollace V. Key Role of Cytochrome C for Apoptosis Detection Using Raman Microimaging in an Animal Model of Brain Ischemia with Insulin Treatment. Appl Spectrosc 2019; 73:1208-1217. [PMID: 31219322 DOI: 10.1177/0003702819858671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain ischemia represents a leading cause of death and disability in industrialized countries. To date, therapeutic intervention is largely unsatisfactory and novel strategies are required for getting better protection of neurons injured by cerebral blood flow restriction. Recent evidence suggests that brain insulin leads to protection of neuronal population undergoing apoptotic cell death via modulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial cytochrome c (CytC), an effect to be better clarified. In this work, we investigate on the effect of insulin given intracerebroventricular (ICV) before inducing a transient global ischemia by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (BCCO) in Mongolian gerbils (MG). The transient (3 min) global ischemia in MG is observed to produce neurodegenerative effect mainly into CA3 hippocampal region, 72 h after cerebral blood restriction. Intracerebroventricular microinfusion of insulin significantly prevents the apoptosis of CA3 hippocampal neurons. Histological observation, after hematoxylin and eosin staining, puts in evidence the neuroprotective role of insulin, but Raman microimaging provides a clearer insight in the CytC mechanism underlying the apoptotic process. Above all, CytC has been revealed to be an outstanding, innate Raman marker for monitoring the cells status, thanks to its resonant scattering at 530 nm of incident wavelength and to its crucial role in the early stages of cells apoptosis. These data support the hypothesis of an insulin-dependent neuroprotection and antiapoptotic mechanism occurring in the brain of MG undergoing transient brain ischemia. The observed effects occurred without any peripheral change on serum glucose levels, suggesting an alternative mechanism of insulin-induced neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Russo
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Association: Exchanger-Share Your Science, Complesso "Nini Barbieri," Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Natalia Malara
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Iannone
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute, Pharmacology Section, Complesso "Nini Barbieri," Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.C.A.R.L., Complesso "Nini Barbieri", Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy 88100
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.C.A.R.L., Complesso "Nini Barbieri", Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy 88100
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.C.A.R.L., Complesso "Nini Barbieri", Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy 88100
| | - Valeria M Morittu
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Santo Gratteri
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Palma
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.C.A.R.L., Complesso "Nini Barbieri", Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy 88100
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.C.A.R.L., Complesso "Nini Barbieri", Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy 88100
- Centro del farmaco (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology), PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Interregional Center for Food Safety and Health, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Italy
- Nutramed S.C.A.R.L., Complesso "Nini Barbieri", Roccelletta di Borgia, Catanzaro, Italy 88100
- Centro del farmaco (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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14
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Tirinato L, Pagliari F, Di Franco S, Sogne E, Marafioti MG, Jansen J, Falqui A, Todaro M, Candeloro P, Liberale C, Seco J, Stassi G, Di Fabrizio E. ROS and Lipid Droplet accumulation induced by high glucose exposure in healthy colon and Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells. Genes Dis 2019; 7:620-635. [PMID: 33335962 PMCID: PMC7729111 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid Droplets (LDs) are emerging as crucial players in colon cancer development and maintenance. Their expression has been associated with high tumorigenicity in Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), so that they have been proposed as a new functional marker in Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells (CR-CSCs). They are also indirectly involved in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment through the production of pro-inflammatory molecules. There is growing evidence that a possible connection between metabolic alterations and malignant transformation exists, although the effects of nutrients, primarily glucose, on the CSC behavior are still mostly unexplored. Glucose is an essential fuel for cancer cells, and the connections with LDs in the healthy and CSC populations merit to be more deeply investigated. Here, we showed that a high glucose concentration activated the PI3K/AKT pathway and increased the expression of CD133 and CD44v6 CSC markers. Additionally, glucose was responsible for the increased amount of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and LDs in both healthy and CR-CSC samples. We also investigated the gene modulations following the HG treatment and found out that the healthy cell gene profile was the most affected. Lastly, Atorvastatin, a lipid-lowering drug, induced the highest mortality on CR-CSCs without affecting the healthy counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Tirinato
- Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagliari
- Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Sogne
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Grazia Marafioti
- Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeanette Jansen
- Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Department of Physics, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Falqui
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Liberale
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joao Seco
- Biomedical Physics in Radiation Oncology, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Center), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Department of Physics, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Coluccio ML, D'Attimo MA, Cristiani CM, Candeloro P, Parrotta E, Dattola E, Guzzi F, Cuda G, Lamanna E, Carbone E, Krühne U, Di Fabrizio E, Perozziello G. A Passive Microfluidic Device for Chemotaxis Studies. Micromachines (Basel) 2019; 10:mi10080551. [PMID: 31434220 PMCID: PMC6722731 DOI: 10.3390/mi10080551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a disposable passive microfluidic system, allowing chemotaxis studies, through the generation of a concentration gradient. The device can handle liquid flows without an external supply of pressure or electric gradients, but simply using gravity force. It is able to ensure flow rates of 10 µL/h decreasing linearly with 2.5% in 24 h. The device is made of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), a biocompatible material, and it is fabricated by micro-milling and solvent assisted bonding. It is assembled into a mini incubator, designed properly for cell biology studies in passive microfluidic devices, which provides control of temperature and humidity levels, a contamination-free environment for cells with air and 5% of CO2. Furthermore, the mini incubator can be mounted on standard inverted optical microscopes. By using our microfluidic device integrated into the mini incubator, we are able to evaluate and follow in real-time the migration of any cell line to a chemotactic agent. The device is validated by showing cell migration at a rate of 0.36 µm/min, comparable with the rates present in scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia D'Attimo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Costanza Maria Cristiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elvira Parrotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dattola
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Guzzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ernesto Lamanna
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ennio Carbone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ulrich Krühne
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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16
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Velusamy DB, El-Demellawi JK, El-Zohry AM, Giugni A, Lopatin S, Hedhili MN, Mansour AE, Fabrizio ED, Mohammed OF, Alshareef HN. MXenes for Plasmonic Photodetection. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1807658. [PMID: 31222823 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MXenes have recently shown impressive optical and plasmonic properties associated with their ultrathin-atomic-layer structure. However, their potential use in photonic and plasmonic devices has been only marginally explored. Photodetectors made of five different MXenes are fabricated, among which molybdenum carbide MXene (Mo2 CTx ) exhibits the best performance. Mo2 CTx MXene thin films deposited on paper substrates exhibit broad photoresponse in the range of 400-800 nm with high responsivity (up to 9 A W-1 ), detectivity (≈5 × 1011 Jones), and reliable photoswitching characteristics at a wavelength of 660 nm. Spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy and ultrafast femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of the MXene nanosheets reveal that the photoresponse of Mo2 CTx is strongly dependent on its surface plasmon-assisted hot carriers. Additionally, Mo2 CTx thin-film devices are shown to be relatively stable under ambient conditions, continuous illumination and mechanical stresses, illustrating their durable photodetection operation in the visible spectral range. Micro-Raman spectroscopy conducted on bare Mo2 CTx film and on gold electrodes allowing for surface-enhanced Raman scattering demonstrates surface chemistry and a specific low-frequency band that is related to the vibrational modes of the single nanosheets. The specific ability to detect and excite individual surface plasmon modes provides a viable platform for various MXene-based optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhinesh Babu Velusamy
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehad K El-Demellawi
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M El-Zohry
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Giugni
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed N Hedhili
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Mansour
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar F Mohammed
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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17
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Stassi S, Marini M, Allione M, Lopatin S, Marson D, Laurini E, Pricl S, Pirri CF, Ricciardi C, Di Fabrizio E. Nanomechanical DNA resonators for sensing and structural analysis of DNA-ligand complexes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1690. [PMID: 30979901 PMCID: PMC6461617 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09612-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of direct or indirect binding of intercalant molecules on DNA structure is of fundamental importance in understanding the biological functioning of DNA. Here we report on self-suspended DNA nanobundles as ultrasensitive nanomechanical resonators for structural studies of DNA-ligand complexes. Such vibrating nanostructures represent the smallest mechanical resonator entirely composed of DNA. A correlative analysis between the mechanical and structural properties is exploited to study the intrinsic changes of double strand DNA, when interacting with different intercalant molecules (YOYO-1 and GelRed) and a chemotherapeutic drug (Cisplatin), at different concentrations. Possible implications of our findings are related to the study of interaction mechanism of a wide category of molecules with DNA, and to further applications in medicine, such as optimal titration of chemotherapeutic drugs and environmental studies for the detection of heavy metals in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Stassi
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Monica Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
- Physical Science and Engineering and BESE Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Allione
- Physical Science and Engineering and BESE Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Domenico Marson
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS) - DEA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS) - DEA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS) - DEA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Carlo Ricciardi
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering and BESE Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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Onesto V, Villani M, Narducci R, Malara N, Imbrogno A, Allione M, Costa N, Coppedè N, Zappettini A, Cannistraci CV, Cancedda L, Amato F, Di Fabrizio E, Gentile F. Cortical-like mini-columns of neuronal cells on zinc oxide nanowire surfaces. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4021. [PMID: 30858456 PMCID: PMC6411964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40548-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-standing goal of neuroscience is a theory that explains the formation of the minicolumns in the cerebral cortex. Minicolumns are the elementary computational units of the mature neocortex. Here, we use zinc oxide nanowires with controlled topography as substrates for neural-cell growth. We observe that neuronal cells form networks where the networks characteristics exhibit a high sensitivity to the topography of the nanowires. For certain values of nanowires density and fractal dimension, neuronal networks express small world attributes, with enhanced information flows. We observe that neurons in these networks congregate in superclusters of approximately 200 neurons. We demonstrate that this number is not coincidental: the maximum number of cells in a supercluster is limited by the competition between the binding energy between cells, adhesion to the substrate, and the kinetic energy of the system. Since cortical minicolumns have similar size, similar anatomical and topological characteristics of neuronal superclusters on nanowires surfaces, we conjecture that the formation of cortical minicolumns is likewise guided by the interplay between energy minimization, information optimization and topology. For the first time, we provide a clear account of the mechanisms of formation of the minicolumns in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Onesto
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Naples, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - M Villani
- IMEM-CNR Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - R Narducci
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - N Malara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A Imbrogno
- Tyndall National Institute, Cork, T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - M Allione
- PSE division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Costa
- Health Department, University of Magna Graecia, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - N Coppedè
- IMEM-CNR Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - A Zappettini
- IMEM-CNR Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - C V Cannistraci
- Biomedical Cybernetics Group, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Center for Systems Biology Dresden (CSBD), Department of Physics, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Brain Bio-Inspired Computing (BBC) Lab, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, 98124, Italy
| | - L Cancedda
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - F Amato
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- PSE division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Gentile
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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19
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Valpapuram I, Candeloro P, Coluccio ML, Parrotta EI, Giugni A, Das G, Cuda G, Di Fabrizio E, Perozziello G. Waveguiding and SERS Simplified Raman Spectroscopy on Biological Samples. Biosensors (Basel) 2019; 9:bios9010037. [PMID: 30832416 PMCID: PMC6468818 DOI: 10.3390/bios9010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers detection at an ultra-low concentration in biofluids (blood, serum, saliva, etc.) is a key point for the early diagnosis success and the development of personalized therapies. However, it remains a challenge due to limiting factors like (i) the complexity of analyzed media, and (ii) the aspecificity detection and the poor sensitivity of the conventional methods. In addition, several applications require the integration of the primary sensors with other devices (microfluidic devices, capillaries, flasks, vials, etc.) where transducing the signal might be difficult, reducing performances and applicability. In the present work, we demonstrate a new class of optical biosensor we have developed integrating an optical waveguide (OWG) with specific plasmonic surfaces. Exploiting the plasmonic resonance, the devices give consistent results in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for continuous and label-free detection of biological compounds. The OWG allows driving optical signals in the proximity of SERS surfaces (detection area) overcoming spatial constraints, in order to reach places previously optically inaccessible. A rutile prism couples the remote laser source to the OWG, while a Raman spectrometer collects the SERS far field scattering. The present biosensors were implemented by a simple fabrication process, which includes photolithography and nanofabrication. By using such devices, it was possible to detect cell metabolites like Phenylalanine (Phe), Adenosine 5-triphosphate sodium hydrate (ATP), Sodium Lactate, Human Interleukin 6 (IL6), and relate them to possible metabolic pathway variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immanuel Valpapuram
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Elvira Immacolata Parrotta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Andrea Giugni
- Structural Molecular Imaging Light Enhanced Spectroscopies Laboratory, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gobind Das
- Structural Molecular Imaging Light Enhanced Spectroscopies Laboratory, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gianni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Structural Molecular Imaging Light Enhanced Spectroscopies Laboratory, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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20
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Dattola E, Parrotta EI, Scalise S, Perozziello G, Limongi T, Candeloro P, Coluccio ML, Maletta C, Bruno L, De Angelis MT, Santamaria G, Mollace V, Lamanna E, Di Fabrizio E, Cuda G. Development of 3D PVA scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering and cell screening applications. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4246-4257. [PMID: 35520194 PMCID: PMC9060459 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08187e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was the design of a 3D scaffold composed of poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) applications. The PVA scaffold was fabricated using a combination of gas foaming and freeze-drying processes that did not need any cross-linking agents. We obtained a biocompatible porous matrix with excellent mechanical properties. We measured the stress–strain curves of the PVA scaffolds and we showed that the elastic behavior is similar to that of the extracellular matrix of muscles. The SEM observations revealed that the scaffolds possess micro pores having diameters ranging from 10 μm to 370 μm that fit to the dimensions of the cells. A further purpose of this study was to test scaffolds ability to support human induced pluripotent stem cells growth and differentiation into cardiomyocytes. As the proliferation tests show, the number of live stem cells on the scaffold after 12 days was increased with respect to the initial number of cells, revealing the cytocompatibility of the substrate. In addition, the differentiated cells on the PVA scaffolds expressed anti-troponin T, a marker specific of the cardiac sarcomere. We demonstrated the ability of the cardiomyocytes to pulse within the scaffolds. In conclusion, the developed scaffold show the potential to be used as a biomaterial for CTE applications. The aim of this study was the design of a 3D scaffold composed of poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) applications.![]()
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21
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Mollace V, Rosano G, Malara N, Di Fabrizio E, Vitale C, Coluccio M, Maiuolo J, Ali Wasti A, Muscoli C, Gliozzi M, Mollace R, Musolino V, Carresi C, Fini M, Silvestrini B. Aspirin wears smart. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 2018; 3:185-188. [PMID: 28505311 PMCID: PMC5843133 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvx017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marialaura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ayesha Ali Wasti
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy.,San Raffaele IRCCS Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Silvestrini
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Nutramed Scarl, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy.,SBM srl, Italy
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22
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Limongi T, Rocchi A, Cesca F, Tan H, Miele E, Giugni A, Orlando M, Perrone Donnorso M, Perozziello G, Benfenati F, Di Fabrizio E. Delivery of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor by 3D Biocompatible Polymeric Scaffolds for Neural Tissue Engineering and Neuronal Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8788-8798. [PMID: 29600349 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers are increasingly employed for neuroscience applications as scaffolds to drive and promote neural regrowth, thanks to their ability to mediate the upload and subsequent release of active molecules and drugs. Synthetic degradable polymers are characterized by different responses ranging from tunable distension or shrinkage to total dissolution, depending on the function they are designed for. In this paper we present a biocompatible microfabricated poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) scaffold for primary neuron growth and maturation that has been optimized for the in vitro controlled release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We demonstrate that the designed morphology confers to these devices an enhanced drug delivery capability with respect to monolithic unstructured supports. After incubation with BDNF, micropillared PCL devices progressively release the neurotrophin over 21 days in vitro. Moreover, the bioactivity of released BDNF is confirmed using primary neuronal cultures, where it mediates a consistent activation of BDNF signaling cascades, increased synaptic density, and neuronal survival. These results provide the proof-of-principle on the fabrication process of micropatterned PCL devices, which represent a promising therapeutic option to enhance neuronal regeneration after lesion and for neural tissue engineering and prosthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Limongi
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A Rocchi
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - F Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - H Tan
- Analytical Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - E Miele
- Nanostructures Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - A Giugni
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Orlando
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Neurophysiology, NeuroCure Excellence Cluster, Charité Universitäts Medizin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Perrone Donnorso
- Nanostructures Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Perozziello
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology BioNEM Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Takahashi M, Takahashi E, Joudeh LI, Marini M, Das G, Elshenawy MM, Akal A, Sakashita K, Alam I, Tehseen M, Sobhy MA, Stingl U, Merzaban JS, Di Fabrizio E, Hamdan SM. Dynamic structure mediates halophilic adaptation of a DNA polymerase from the deep-sea brines of the Red Sea. FASEB J 2018; 32:3346-3360. [PMID: 29401622 PMCID: PMC6051491 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700862rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea brines of the Red Sea are remote and unexplored environments characterized by high temperatures, anoxic water, and elevated concentrations of salt and heavy metals. This environment provides a rare system to study the interplay between halophilic and thermophilic adaptation in biologic macromolecules. The present article reports the first DNA polymerase with halophilic and thermophilic features. Biochemical and structural analysis by Raman and circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the charge distribution on the protein’s surface mediates the structural balance between stability for thermal adaptation and flexibility for counteracting the salt-induced rigid and nonfunctional hydrophobic packing. Salt bridge interactions via increased negative and positive charges contribute to structural stability. Salt tolerance, conversely, is mediated by a dynamic structure that becomes more fixed and functional with increasing salt concentration. We propose that repulsive forces among excess negative charges, in addition to a high percentage of negatively charged random coils, mediate this structural dynamism. This knowledge enabled us to engineer a halophilic version of Thermococcus kodakarensis DNA polymerase.—Takahashi, M., Takahashi, E., Joudeh, L. I., Marini, M., Das, G., Elshenawy, M. M., Akal, A., Sakashita, K., Alam, I., Tehseen, M., Sobhy, M. A., Stingl, U., Merzaban, J. S., Di Fabrizio, E., Hamdan, S. M. Dynamic structure mediates halophilic adaptation of a DNA polymerase from the deep-sea brines of the Red Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Takahashi
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Etsuko Takahashi
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luay I Joudeh
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monica Marini
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gobind Das
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Elshenawy
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anastassja Akal
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kosuke Sakashita
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Intikhab Alam
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and
| | - Muhammad Tehseen
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Sobhy
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ulrich Stingl
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Davie, Florida, USA
| | - Jasmeen S Merzaban
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir M Hamdan
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Alrasheed S, Di Fabrizio E. Effect of Surface Plasmon Coupling to Optical Cavity Modes on the Field Enhancement and Spectral Response of Dimer-Based sensors. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10524. [PMID: 28874769 PMCID: PMC5585175 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a theoretical approach to narrow the plasmon linewidth and enhance the near-field intensity at a plasmonic dimer gap (hot spot) through coupling the electric localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance of a silver hemispherical dimer with the resonant modes of a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity. The strong coupling is demonstrated by the large anticrossing in the reflection spectra and a Rabi splitting of 76 meV. Up to 2-fold enhancement increase can be achieved compared to that without using the cavity. Such high field enhancement has potential applications in optics, including sensors and high resolution imaging devices. In addition, the resonance splitting allows for greater flexibility in using the same array at different wavelengths. We then further propose a practical design to realize such a device and include dimers of different shapes and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Alrasheed
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Abstract
Metasurfaces are new, promising ultrathin materials that can enable many novel optical devices due to their ability to act as a discontinuity interface that introduces an abrupt change in amplitude, phase, and sometimes the polarization of the incident light at the wavelength scale. Therefore they can function as flat optical elements. Here, we investigate the anomalous reflection of light for transverse-magnetic (TM) polarization for normal and oblique incidence in the visible regime. We propose gradient phase gap-surface plasmon metasurfaces that exhibit high conversion efficiency (up to ∼97% of total reflected light) to the anomalous reflection angle for blue, green, and red wavelengths at normal and oblique incidence, and where light polarization is unchanged after the reflection.
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26
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Limongi T, Tirinato L, Pagliari F, Giugni A, Allione M, Perozziello G, Candeloro P, Di Fabrizio E. Fabrication and Applications of Micro/Nanostructured Devices for Tissue Engineering. Nanomicro Lett 2017; 9:1. [PMID: 30460298 PMCID: PMC6223775 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-016-0103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology allows the realization of new materials and devices with basic structural unit in the range of 1-100 nm and characterized by gaining control at the atomic, molecular, and supramolecular level. Reducing the dimensions of a material into the nanoscale range usually results in the change of its physiochemical properties such as reactivity, crystallinity, and solubility. This review treats the convergence of last research news at the interface of nanostructured biomaterials and tissue engineering for emerging biomedical technologies such as scaffolding and tissue regeneration. The present review is organized into three main sections. The introduction concerns an overview of the increasing utility of nanostructured materials in the field of tissue engineering. It elucidates how nanotechnology, by working in the submicron length scale, assures the realization of a biocompatible interface that is able to reproduce the physiological cell-matrix interaction. The second, more technical section, concerns the design and fabrication of biocompatible surface characterized by micro- and submicroscale features, using microfabrication, nanolithography, and miscellaneous nanolithographic techniques. In the last part, we review the ongoing tissue engineering application of nanostructured materials and scaffolds in different fields such as neurology, cardiology, orthopedics, and skin tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Limongi
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luca Tirinato
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesca Pagliari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Giugni
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Allione
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology BioNEM, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa - Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology BioNEM, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa - Loc. Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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27
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Darekar SD, Mushtaq M, Gurrapu S, Kovalevska L, Drummond C, Petruchek M, Tirinato L, Di Fabrizio E, Carbone E, Kashuba E. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S18-2 evokes chromosomal instability and transforms primary rat skin fibroblasts. Oncotarget 2016; 6:21016-28. [PMID: 26023799 PMCID: PMC4673247 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown earlier that overexpression of the human mitochondrial ribosomal protein MRPS18-2 (S18-2) led to immortalization of primary rat embryonic fibroblasts. The derived cells expressed the embryonic stem cell markers, and cellular pathways that control cell proliferation, oxidative phosphorylation, cellular respiration, and other redox reactions were activated in the immortalized cells.Here we report that, upon overexpression of S18-2 protein, primary rat skin fibroblasts underwent cell transformation. Cells passed more than 300 population doublings, and two out of three tested clones gave rise to tumors in experimental animals. Transformed cells showed anchorage-independent growth and loss of contact inhibition; they expressed epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin and β-catenin. Transformed cells showed increased telomerase activity, disturbance of the cell cycle, and chromosomal instability. Taken together, our data suggest that S18-2 is a newly identified oncoprotein that may be involved in cancerogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas D Darekar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Mushtaq
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sreeharsha Gurrapu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Larysa Kovalevska
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Catherine Drummond
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Petruchek
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Tirinato
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ennio Carbone
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Località Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elena Kashuba
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine
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28
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Onesto V, Cosentino C, Di Fabrizio E, Cesarelli M, Amato F, Gentile F. Information in a Network of Neuronal Cells: Effect of Cell Density and Short-Term Depression. Biomed Res Int 2016; 2016:2769698. [PMID: 27403421 PMCID: PMC4923608 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2769698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are specialized, electrically excitable cells which use electrical to chemical signals to transmit and elaborate information. Understanding how the cooperation of a great many of neurons in a grid may modify and perhaps improve the information quality, in contrast to few neurons in isolation, is critical for the rational design of cell-materials interfaces for applications in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and personalized lab-on-a-chips. In the present paper, we couple an integrate-and-fire model with information theory variables to analyse the extent of information in a network of nerve cells. We provide an estimate of the information in the network in bits as a function of cell density and short-term depression time. In the model, neurons are connected through a Delaunay triangulation of not-intersecting edges; in doing so, the number of connecting synapses per neuron is approximately constant to reproduce the early time of network development in planar neural cell cultures. In simulations where the number of nodes is varied, we observe an optimal value of cell density for which information in the grid is maximized. In simulations in which the posttransmission latency time is varied, we observe that information increases as the latency time decreases and, for specific configurations of the grid, it is largely enhanced in a resonance effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Onesto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Cosentino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Cesarelli
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Amato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples, 80125 Naples, Italy
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29
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Proietti Zaccaria R, Bisio F, Das G, Maidecchi G, Caminale M, Vu CD, De Angelis F, Di Fabrizio E, Toma A, Canepa M. Plasmonic Color-Graded Nanosystems with Achromatic Subwavelength Architectures for Light Filtering and Advanced SERS Detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:8024-8031. [PMID: 26959970 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic color-graded systems are devices featuring a spatially variable plasmonic response over their surface. They are widely used as nanoscale color filters; their typical size is small enough to allow integration with miniaturized electronic circuits, paving the way to realize novel nanophotonic devices. Currently, most plasmonic color-graded systems are intrinsically discrete because their chromatic response exploits the tailored plasmon resonance of microarchitectures characterized by different size or geometry for each target color. Here, we report the realization of multifunctional plasmon-graded devices where continuously graded chromatic response is achieved by smoothly tuning the composition of the resonator material while simultaneously maintaining an achromatic nanoscale geometry. The result is a new class of versatile materials: we show their application as plasmonic filters with a potential pixel size smaller than half of the exciting wavelength but also as multiplexed surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates. Many more implementations, such as photovoltaic efficiency boosters or color routers, await and will benefit from the low fabrication cost and intrinsic plasmonic flexibility of the presented systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Bisio
- Istituto Superconduttori, Materiali Innovativi e Dispositivi (SPIN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Corso Perrone 24, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Gobind Das
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova ( Italy )
- PSE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giulia Maidecchi
- OptMatLab, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Michael Caminale
- OptMatLab, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Chinh Duc Vu
- OptMatLab, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , 18 Hoang Quoc Viet road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- PSE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova ( Italy )
| | - Maurizio Canepa
- OptMatLab, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
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30
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Perozziello G, Candeloro P, De Grazia A, Esposito F, Allione M, Coluccio ML, Tallerico R, Valpapuram I, Tirinato L, Das G, Giugni A, Torre B, Veltri P, Kruhne U, Della Valle G, Di Fabrizio E. Microfluidic device for continuous single cells analysis via Raman spectroscopy enhanced by integrated plasmonic nanodimers. Opt Express 2016; 24:A180-A190. [PMID: 26832572 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.00a180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work a Raman flow cytometer is presented. It consists of a microfluidic device that takes advantages of the basic principles of Raman spectroscopy and flow cytometry. The microfluidic device integrates calibrated microfluidic channels- where the cells can flow one-by-one -, allowing single cell Raman analysis. The microfluidic channel integrates plasmonic nanodimers in a fluidic trapping region. In this way it is possible to perform Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy on single cell. These allow a label-free analysis, providing information about the biochemical content of membrane and cytoplasm of the each cell. Experiments are performed on red blood cells (RBCs), peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and myelogenous leukemia tumor cells (K562).
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31
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Gentile F, Ferrara L, Villani M, Bettelli M, Iannotta S, Zappettini A, Cesarelli M, Di Fabrizio E, Coppedè N. Geometrical Patterning of Super-Hydrophobic Biosensing Transistors Enables Space and Time Resolved Analysis of Biological Mixtures. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18992. [PMID: 26753611 PMCID: PMC4709515 DOI: 10.1038/srep18992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PEDOT PSS is a conductive polymer that can be integrated into last generation Organic Electrochemical Transistor (OECT) devices for biological inspection, identification and analysis. While a variety of reports in literature demonstrated the chemical and biological sensitivity of these devices, still their ability in resolving complex mixtures remains controversial. Similar OECT devices display good time dynamics behavior but lack spatial resolution. In this work, we integrated PEDOT PSS with patterns of super-hydrophobic pillars in which a finite number of those pillars is independently controlled for site-selective measurement of a solution. We obtained a multifunctional, hierarchical OECT device that bridges the micro- to the nano-scales for specific, combined time and space resolved analysis of the sample. Due to super-hydrophobic surface properties, the biological species in the drop are driven by convection, diffusion, and the externally applied electric field: the balance/unbalance between these forces will cause the molecules to be transported differently within its volume depending on particle size thus realizing a size-selective separation. Within this framework, the separation and identification of two different molecules, namely Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromid (CTAB) and adrenaline, in a biological mixture have been demonstrated, showing that geometrical control at the micro-nano scale impart unprecedented selectivity to the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gentile
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferrara
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Villani
- IMEM-CNR Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A - 43124 Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mario Cesarelli
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Coppedè
- IMEM-CNR Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A - 43124 Parma, Italy
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32
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Das G, Alrasheed S, Coluccio ML, Gentile F, Nicastri A, Candeloro P, Cuda G, Perozziello G, Di Fabrizio E. Few molecule SERS detection using nanolens based plasmonic nanostructure: application to point mutation detection. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23301e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-similar chain based nanolens plasmonic devices were fabricated for detecting single point mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobind Das
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Alrasheed
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Laura Coluccio
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa
- Catanzaro 88100
- Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa
- Catanzaro 88100
- Italy
| | - Annalisa Nicastri
- Advanced Research Center on Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa
- Catanzaro 88100
- Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa
- Catanzaro 88100
- Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Advanced Research Center on Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa
- Catanzaro 88100
- Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa
- Catanzaro 88100
- Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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33
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Zolea F, Biamonte F, Candeloro P, Di Sanzo M, Cozzi A, Di Vito A, Quaresima B, Lobello N, Trecroci F, Di Fabrizio E, Levi S, Cuda G, Costanzo F. H ferritin silencing induces protein misfolding in K562 cells: A Raman analysis. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:614-23. [PMID: 26454082 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The redox state of the cell is involved in the regulation of many physiological functions as well as in the pathogenesis of several diseases, and is strictly dependent on the amount of iron in its catalytically active state. Alterations of iron homeostasis determine increased steady-state concentrations of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that cause lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and altered protein folding. Ferritin keeps the intracellular iron in a non-toxic and readily available form and consequently plays a central role in iron and redox homeostasis. The protein is composed by 24 subunits of the H- and L-type, coded by two different genes, with structural and functional differences. The aim of this study was to shed light on the role of the single H ferritin subunit (FHC) in keeping the native correct protein three-dimensional structure. To this, we performed Raman spectroscopy on protein extracts from K562 cells subjected to FHC silencing. The results show a significant increase in the percentage of disordered structures content at a level comparable to that induced by H2O2 treatment in control cells. ROS inhibitor and iron chelator were able to revert protein misfolding. This integrated approach, involving Raman spectroscopy and targeted-gene silencing, indicates that an imbalance of the heavy-to-light chain ratio in the ferritin composition is able to induce severe but still reversible modifications in protein folding and uncovers new potential pathogenetic mechanisms associated to intracellular iron perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zolea
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Anna Cozzi
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Milano, Italy, 20132
| | - Anna Di Vito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Barbara Quaresima
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Nadia Lobello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Francesca Trecroci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- BioNEM Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100; Physical Science & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 23955-6900
| | - Sonia Levi
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Division of Neuroscience, Milano, Italy, 20132; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy, 20132
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy, 88100.
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Das G, Battista E, Manzo G, Causa F, Netti PA, Di Fabrizio E. Large-Scale Plasmonic nanoCones Array For Spectroscopy Detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:23597-604. [PMID: 26399550 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Advanced optical materials or interfaces are gaining attention for diagnostic applications. However, the achievement of large device interface as well as facile surface functionalization largely impairs their wide use. The present work is aimed to address different innovative aspects related to the fabrication of large-area 3D plasmonic arrays, their direct and easy functionalization with capture elements, and their spectroscopic verifications through enhanced Raman and enhanced fluorescence techniques. In detail, we have investigated the effect of a Au-based nanoCone array, fabricated by means of direct nanoimprint technique over large area (mm(2)), on protein capturing and on the enhancement in optical signal. A selective functionalization of gold surfaces was proposed by using a peptide (AuPi3) previously selected by phage display. In this regard, two different sequences, labeled with fluorescein and biotin, were chemisorbed on metallic surfaces. The presence of Au nanoCones array consents an enhancement in electric field on the apex of cone, enabling the detection of molecules. We have witnessed around 12-fold increase in fluorescence intensity and SERS enhancement factor around 1.75 × 10(5) with respect to the flat gold surface. Furthermore, a sharp decrease in fluorescence lifetime over nanoCones confirms the increase in radiative emission (i.e., an increase in photonics density at the apex of cones).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobind Das
- PSE division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edmondo Battista
- CABHC, IIT @CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , L.go Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biomaterials (CRIB), University Federico II , P.le Tecchio 80, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Manzo
- CABHC, IIT @CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , L.go Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Causa
- CABHC, IIT @CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , L.go Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biomaterials (CRIB), University Federico II , P.le Tecchio 80, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- CABHC, IIT @CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , L.go Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Napoli, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biomaterials (CRIB), University Federico II , P.le Tecchio 80, Napoli, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- PSE division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology , Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Tirinato L, Liberale C, Di Franco S, Candeloro P, Benfante A, La Rocca R, Potze L, Marotta R, Ruffilli R, Rajamanickam VP, Malerba M, De Angelis F, Falqui A, Carbone E, Todaro M, Medema JP, Stassi G, Di Fabrizio E. Lipid droplets: a new player in colorectal cancer stem cells unveiled by spectroscopic imaging. Stem Cells 2015; 33:35-44. [PMID: 25186497 PMCID: PMC4311668 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (CSC) model is describing tumors as a hierarchical organized system and CSCs are suggested to be responsible for cancer recurrence after therapy. The identification of specific markers of CSCs is therefore of paramount importance. Here, we show that high levels of lipid droplets (LDs) are a distinctive mark of CSCs in colorectal (CR) cancer. This increased lipid content was clearly revealed by label-free Raman spectroscopy and it directly correlates with well-accepted CR-CSC markers as CD133 and Wnt pathway activity. By xenotransplantation experiments, we have finally demonstrated that CR-CSCs overexpressing LDs retain most tumorigenic potential. A relevant conceptual advance in this work is the demonstration that a cellular organelle, the LD, is a signature of CSCs, in addition to molecular markers. A further functional characterization of LDs could lead soon to design new target therapies against CR-CSCs. Stem Cells2015;33:35–44
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Tirinato
- PSE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; BioNEM Lab, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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36
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Coluccio ML, Gentile F, Das G, Nicastri A, Perri AM, Candeloro P, Perozziello G, Proietti Zaccaria R, Gongora JST, Alrasheed S, Fratalocchi A, Limongi T, Cuda G, Di Fabrizio E. Detection of single amino acid mutation in human breast cancer by disordered plasmonic self-similar chain. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1500487. [PMID: 26601267 PMCID: PMC4643778 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Control of the architecture and electromagnetic behavior of nanostructures offers the possibility of designing and fabricating sensors that, owing to their intrinsic behavior, provide solutions to new problems in various fields. We show detection of peptides in multicomponent mixtures derived from human samples for early diagnosis of breast cancer. The architecture of sensors is based on a matrix array where pixels constitute a plasmonic device showing a strong electric field enhancement localized in an area of a few square nanometers. The method allows detection of single point mutations in peptides composing the BRCA1 protein. The sensitivity demonstrated falls in the picomolar (10(-12) M) range. The success of this approach is a result of accurate design and fabrication control. The residual roughness introduced by fabrication was taken into account in optical modeling and was a further contributing factor in plasmon localization, increasing the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors. This methodology developed for breast cancer detection can be considered a general strategy that is applicable to various pathologies and other chemical analytical cases where complex mixtures have to be resolved in their constitutive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Coluccio
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Gobind Das
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environment Science and Engineering Divisions (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Annalisa Nicastri
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Angela Mena Perri
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | | | - Juan Sebastian Totero Gongora
- PRIMALIGHT, Electrical Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Alrasheed
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environment Science and Engineering Divisions (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Fratalocchi
- PRIMALIGHT, Electrical Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tania Limongi
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environment Science and Engineering Divisions (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
- Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environment Science and Engineering Divisions (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Marini M, Falqui A, Moretti M, Limongi T, Allione M, Genovese A, Lopatin S, Tirinato L, Das G, Torre B, Giugni A, Gentile F, Candeloro P, Di Fabrizio E. The structure of DNA by direct imaging. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1500734. [PMID: 26601243 PMCID: PMC4643809 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The structure of DNA was determined in 1953 by x-ray fiber diffraction. Several attempts have been made to obtain a direct image of DNA with alternative techniques. The direct image is intended to allow a quantitative evaluation of all relevant characteristic lengths present in a molecule. A direct image of DNA, which is different from diffraction in the reciprocal space, is difficult to obtain for two main reasons: the intrinsic very low contrast of the elements that form the molecule and the difficulty of preparing the sample while preserving its pristine shape and size. We show that through a preparation procedure compatible with the DNA physiological conditions, a direct image of a single suspended DNA molecule can be obtained. In the image, all relevant lengths of A-form DNA are measurable. A high-resolution transmission electron microscope that operates at 80 keV with an ultimate resolution of 1.5 Å was used for this experiment. Direct imaging of a single molecule can be used as a method to address biological problems that require knowledge at the single-molecule level, given that the average information obtained by x-ray diffraction of crystals or fibers is not sufficient for detailed structure determination, or when crystals cannot be obtained from biological molecules or are not sufficient in understanding multiple protein configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Marini
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Falqui
- NABLA Lab, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manola Moretti
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tania Limongi
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Allione
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessandro Genovese
- NABLA Lab, BESE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergei Lopatin
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luca Tirinato
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gobind Das
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bruno Torre
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Giugni
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Bio Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Bio Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- SMILEs Lab, Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Divisions, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Bio Nanotechnology and Engineering for Medicine (BIONEM), Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Viale Europa, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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38
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Marinaro G, Burghammer M, Costa L, Dane T, De Angelis F, Di Fabrizio E, Riekel C. Directed Growth of Virus Nanofilaments on a Superhydrophobic Surface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:12373-12379. [PMID: 25602601 DOI: 10.1021/am507509z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The evaporation of single droplets of colloidal tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanoparticles on a superhydrophobic surface with a hexagonal pillar-pattern results in the formation of coffee-ring type residues. We imaged surface features by optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopies. Bulk features were probed by raster-scan X-ray nanodiffraction. At ∼100 pg/μL nanoparticle concentration, the rim of the residue connects to neighboring pillars via fibrous extensions containing flow-aligned crystalline domains. At ∼1 pg/μL nanoparticle concentration, nanofilaments of ≥80 nm diameter and ∼20 μm length are formed, extending normal to the residue-rim across a range of pillars. X-ray scattering is dominated by the nanofilament form-factor but some evidence for crystallinity has been obtained. The observation of sheets composed of stacks of self-assembled nanoparticles deposited on pillars suggests that the nanofilaments are drawn from a structured droplet interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Marinaro
- †ESRF-European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- ‡Nanostructures Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- †ESRF-European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- #Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S12B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luca Costa
- †ESRF-European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Dane
- †ESRF-European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- ‡Nanostructures Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- §Physical Science and Engineering Divisions, KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- ⊥BIONEM Lab, University of Magna Graecia, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100 Germaneto-Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Christian Riekel
- †ESRF-European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Rodighiero S, Torre B, Sogne E, Ruffilli R, Cagnoli C, Francolini M, Di Fabrizio E, Falqui A. Correlative scanning electron and confocal microscopy imaging of labeled cells coated by indium-tin-oxide. Microsc Res Tech 2015; 78:433-43. [PMID: 25810353 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Confocal microscopy imaging of cells allows to visualize the presence of specific antigens by using fluorescent tags or fluorescent proteins, with resolution of few hundreds of nanometers, providing their localization in a large field-of-view and the understanding of their cellular function. Conversely, in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface morphology of cells is imaged down to nanometer scale using secondary electrons. Combining both imaging techniques have brought to the correlative light and electron microscopy, contributing to investigate the existing relationships between biological surface structures and functions. Furthermore, in SEM, backscattered electrons (BSE) can image local compositional differences, like those due to nanosized gold particles labeling cellular surface antigens. To perform SEM imaging of cells, they could be grown on conducting substrates, but obtaining images of limited quality. Alternatively, they could be rendered electrically conductive, coating them with a thin metal layer. However, when BSE are collected to detect gold-labeled surface antigens, heavy metals cannot be used as coating material, as they would mask the BSE signal produced by the markers. Cell surface could be then coated with a thin layer of chromium, but this results in a loss of conductivity due to the fast chromium oxidation, if the samples come in contact with air. In order to overcome these major limitations, a thin layer of indium-tin-oxide was deposited by ion-sputtering on gold-decorated HeLa cells and neurons. Indium-tin-oxide was able to provide stable electrical conductivity and preservation of the BSE signal coming from the gold-conjugated markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Torre
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Elisa Sogne
- Fondazione Filarete, Viale Ortles 22/4, Milano, 20139, Italy.,Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Roberta Ruffilli
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig BP 94347, 31055, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Cinzia Cagnoli
- Fondazione Filarete, Viale Ortles 22/4, Milano, 20139, Italy
| | - Maura Francolini
- Fondazione Filarete, Viale Ortles 22/4, Milano, 20139, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milano, 20129, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Falqui
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Toma A, Tuccio S, Prato M, De Donato F, Perucchi A, Di Pietro P, Marras S, Liberale C, Proietti Zaccaria R, De Angelis F, Manna L, Lupi S, Di Fabrizio E, Razzari L. Squeezing terahertz light into nanovolumes: nanoantenna enhanced terahertz spectroscopy (NETS) of semiconductor quantum dots. Nano Lett 2015; 15:386-391. [PMID: 25422163 DOI: 10.1021/nl503705w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz spectroscopy has vast potentialities in sensing a broad range of elementary excitations (e.g., collective vibrations of molecules, phonons, excitons, etc.). However, the large wavelength associated with terahertz radiation (about 300 μm at 1 THz) severely hinders its interaction with nano-objects, such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanotubes, and large molecules of biological relevance, practically limiting terahertz studies to macroscopic ensembles of these compounds, in the form of thick pellets of crystallized molecules or highly concentrated solutions of nanomaterials. Here we show that chains of terahertz dipole nanoantennas spaced by nanogaps of 20 nm allow retrieving the spectroscopic signature of a monolayer of cadmium selenide quantum dots, a significant portion of the signal arising from the dots located within the antenna nanocavities. A Fano-like interference between the fundamental antenna mode and the phonon resonance of the quantum dots is observed, accompanied by an absorption enhancement factor greater than one million. NETS can find immediate applications in terahertz spectroscopic studies of nanocrystals and molecules at extremely low concentrations. Furthermore, it shows a practicable route toward the characterization of individual nano-objects at these frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Miele E, Accardo A, Falqui A, Marini M, Giugni A, Leoncini M, De Angelis F, Krahne R, Di Fabrizio E. Writing and functionalisation of suspended DNA nanowires on superhydrophobic pillar arrays. Small 2015; 11:134-140. [PMID: 25131422 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201401649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanowire arrays and networks with precisely controlled patterns are very interesting for innovative device concepts in mesoscopic physics. In particular, DNA templates have proven to be versatile for the fabrication of complex structures that obtained functionality via combinations with other materials, for example by functionalisation with molecules or nanoparticles, or by coating with metals. Here, the controlled motion of the a three-phase contact line (TCL) of DNA-loaded drops on superhydrophobic substrates is used to fabricate suspended nanowire arrays. In particular, the deposition of DNA wires is imaged in situ, and different patterns are obtained on hexagonal pillar arrays by controlling the TCL velocity and direction. Robust conductive wires and networks are achieved by coating the wires with a thin layer of gold, and as proof of concept conductivity measurements are performed on single suspended wires. The plastic material of the superhydrophobic pillars ensures electrical isolation from the substrate. The more general versatility of these suspended nanowire networks as functional templates is outlined by fabricating hybrid organic-metal-semiconductor nanowires by growing ZnO nanocrystals onto the metal-coated nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermanno Miele
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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Marinaro G, La Rocca R, Toma A, Barberio M, Cancedda L, Di Fabrizio E, Decuzzi P, Gentile F. Networks of neuroblastoma cells on porous silicon substrates reveal a small world topology. Integr Biol (Camb) 2015; 7:184-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ib00216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N2A cells on porous substrates create highly clustered, small world topology patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Marinaro
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9
| | | | - Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
| | | | | | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 16163 Genova
- Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
- University of Magna Graecia
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La Rocca R, Tallerico R, Talib Hassan A, Das G, Tadepally L, Matteucci M, Liberale C, Mesuraca M, Scumaci D, Gentile F, Cojoc G, Perozziello G, Ammendolia A, Gallo A, Kärre K, Cuda G, Candeloro P, Di Fabrizio E, Carbone E. Mechanical stress downregulates MHC class I expression on human cancer cell membrane. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111758. [PMID: 25541692 PMCID: PMC4277281 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In our body, cells are continuously exposed to physical forces that can regulate different cell functions such as cell proliferation, differentiation and death. In this work, we employed two different strategies to mechanically stress cancer cells. The cancer and healthy cell populations were treated either with mechanical stress delivered by a micropump (fabricated by deep X-ray nanolithography) or by ultrasound wave stimuli. A specific down-regulation of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules expression on cancer cell membrane compared to different kinds of healthy cells (fibroblasts, macrophages, dendritic and lymphocyte cells) was observed, stimulating the cells with forces in the range of nano-newton, and pressures between 1 and 10 bar (1 bar = 100.000 Pascal), depending on the devices used. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy analysis, after mechanical treatment, in the range between 700–1800 cm−1, indicated a relative concentration variation of MHC class I. PCA analysis was also performed to distinguish control and stressed cells within different cell lines. These mechanical induced phenotypic changes increase the tumor immunogenicity, as revealed by the related increased susceptibility to Natural Killer (NK) cells cytotoxic recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna La Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Genova, Italy
| | - Rossana Tallerico
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Almosawy Talib Hassan
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Thi-Qar, Nasseriah, Iraq
| | - Gobind Das
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lakshmikanth Tadepally
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Matteucci
- Nanotech Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carlo Liberale
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria Mesuraca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica Scumaci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gheorghe Cojoc
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Ammendolia
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Adriana Gallo
- Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology Institute, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Klas Kärre
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail: (EC); (EDF)
| | - Ennio Carbone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (EC); (EDF)
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Malara N, Coluccio ML, Limongi T, Asande M, Trunzo V, Cojoc G, Raso C, Candeloro P, Perozziello G, Raimondo R, De Vitis S, Roveda L, Renne M, Prati U, Mollace V, Di Fabrizio E. Folic acid functionalized surface highlights 5-methylcytosine-genomic content within circulating tumor cells. Small 2014; 10:4324-4331. [PMID: 25044603 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the detection of methylated cell free DNA represents one of the most promising approaches for relapse risk assessment in cancer patients, the low concentration of cell-free circulating DNA constitutes the biggest obstacle in the development of DNA methylation-based biomarkers from blood. This paper describes a method for the measurement of genomic methylation content directly on circulating tumor cells (CTC), which could be used to deceive the aforementioned problem. Since CTC are disease related blood-based biomarkers, they result essential to monitor tumor's stadiation, therapy, and early relapsing lesions. Within surface's bio-functionalization and cell's isolation procedure standardization, the presented approach reveals a singular ability to detect high 5-methylcytosine CTC-subset content in the whole CTC compound, by choosing folic acid (FA) as transducer molecule. Sensitivity and specificity, calculated for FA functionalized surface (FA-surface), result respectively on about 83% and 60%. FA-surface, allowing the detection and characterization of early metastatic dissemination, provides a unique advance in the comprehension of tumors progression and dissemination confirming the presence of CTC and its association with high risk of relapse. This functionalized surface identifying and quantifying high 5-methylcytosine CTC-subset content into the patient's blood lead significant progress in cancer risk assessment, also providing a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Malara
- Italian Institute of Technology, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy; BIONEM, University of Magna Graecia, Campus S. Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Simone G, Malara N, Trunzo V, Renne M, Perozziello G, Di Fabrizio E, Manz A. Galectin-3 coats the membrane of breast cells and makes a signature of tumours. Mol Biosyst 2014; 10:258-65. [PMID: 24281352 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70359b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3, β-galactoside-binding lectin, coats the membrane of most cancer cells and is involved in metastasis and endothelium recognition as well as in evading immune surveillance through killing of activated T cells. To flag galectin as a biomarker of tumours and metastasis, it is pivotal to understand the role of this protein in different tumours and at different stages. Breast tumours have an anomalous behaviour of the galectin-3 compared to other tumour cells. Herein, FACS sorting and galactoside based assays were used to investigate the role of galectin-3 in metastasis and metastatisation of breast cancer cells. Breast galectin fingerprint at the FACS displayed a higher amount in healthy cells, compared to metastatic cells. The microfluidic assay was able to isolate tumour and metastatic cells more than healthy breast cells. Investigation was performed on samples from patients with breast tumours at stage I and stage III whilst MCF7 and EPH-4 cells were used to perform preliminary investigations. The readout of the conditioned medium (from culturing of stage I cells) fingerprint by FACS evidenced high expression of free galectin. Analysis of the results established that the galectin coating the membrane, by galactoside recognition of the breast cells, and engaged by the cells to form protein-carbohydrate complexes inside the microfluidic assay, resembled the tumour signature of tumours in breast cells whilst the galectin free is independent of those mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Simone
- KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7 1, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
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46
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Gentile F, Coluccio ML, Zaccaria RP, Francardi M, Cojoc G, Perozziello G, Raimondo R, Candeloro P, Di Fabrizio E. Selective on site separation and detection of molecules in diluted solutions with super-hydrophobic clusters of plasmonic nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2014; 6:8208-8225. [PMID: 24930780 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00796d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Super-hydrophobic surfaces are bio-inspired interfaces with a superficial texture that, in its most common evolution, is formed by a periodic lattice of silicon micro-pillars. Similar surfaces reveal superior properties compared to conventional flat surfaces, including very low friction coefficients. In this work, we modified meso-porous silicon micro-pillars to incorporate networks of metal nano-particles into the porous matrix. In doing so, we obtained a multifunctional-hierarchical system in which (i) at a larger micrometric scale, the super-hydrophobic pillars bring the molecules dissolved in an ultralow-concentration droplet to the active sites of the device, (ii) at an intermediate meso-scale, the meso-porous silicon film adsorbs the low molecular weight content of the solution and, (iii) at a smaller nanometric scale, the aggregates of silver nano-particles would measure the target molecules with unprecedented sensitivity. In the results, we demonstrated how this scheme can be utilized to isolate and detect small molecules in a diluted solution in very low abundance ranges. The presented platform, coupled to Raman or other spectroscopy techniques, is a realistic candidate for the protein expression profiling of biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gentile
- BioNEM, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
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47
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Accardo A, Di Fabrizio E, Limongi T, Marinaro G, Riekel C. Probing droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces by synchrotron radiation scattering techniques. J Synchrotron Radiat 2014; 21:643-53. [PMID: 24971957 PMCID: PMC4073955 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577514009849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Droplets on artificially structured superhydrophobic surfaces represent quasi contact-free sample environments which can be probed by X-ray microbeams and nanobeams in the absence of obstructing walls. This review will discuss basic surface wettability concepts and introduce the technology of structuring surfaces. Quasi contact-free droplets are compared with contact-free droplets; processes related to deposition and evaporation on solid surfaces are discussed. Droplet coalescence based on the electrowetting effect allows the probing of short-time mixing and reaction processes. The review will show for several materials of biological interest that structural processes related to conformational changes, nucleation and assembly during droplet evaporation can be spatially and temporally resolved by raster-scan diffraction techniques. Orientational ordering of anisotropic materials deposited during solidification at pinning sites facilitates the interpretation of structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Accardo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Physical Science and Engineering Divisions, KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, BIONEM Lab at University Magna Graecia, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa 88100, Germaneto-Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tania Limongi
- Physical Science and Engineering Divisions, KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Marinaro
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Christian Riekel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
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Candeloro P, Grande E, Raimondo R, Di Mascolo D, Gentile F, Coluccio ML, Perozziello G, Malara N, Francardi M, Di Fabrizio E. Raman database of amino acids solutions: a critical study of extended multiplicative signal correction. Analyst 2014; 138:7331-40. [PMID: 24153318 DOI: 10.1039/c3an01665j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Raman spectra of biological materials always exhibit complex profiles, constituting several peaks and/or bands which arise due to the large variety of biomolecules. The extraction of quantitative information from these spectra is not a trivial task. While qualitative information can be retrieved from the changes in peaks frequencies or from the appearance/disappearance of some peaks, quantitative analysis requires an examination of peak intensities. Unfortunately in biological samples it is not easy to identify a reference peak for normalizing intensities, and this makes it very difficult to study the peak intensities. In the last decades a more refined mathematical tool, the extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC), has been proposed for treating infrared spectra, which is also capable of providing quantitative information. From the mathematical and physical point of view, EMSC can also be applied to Raman spectra, as recently proposed. In this work the reliability of the EMSC procedure is tested by application to a well defined biological system: the 20 standard amino acids and their combination in peptides. The first step is the collection of a Raman database of these 20 amino acids, and subsequently EMSC processing is applied to retrieve quantitative information from amino acids mixtures and peptides. A critical review of the results is presented, showing that EMSC has to be carefully handled for complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizio Candeloro
- BioNEM Laboratory, Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, 88100 Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Chirumamilla M, Toma A, Gopalakrishnan A, Das G, Zaccaria RP, Krahne R, Rondanina E, Leoncini M, Liberale C, De Angelis F, Di Fabrizio E. 3D nanostar dimers with a sub-10-nm gap for single-/few-molecule surface-enhanced raman scattering. Adv Mater 2014; 26:2353-2358. [PMID: 24452910 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostar-dimers, decoupled from the substrate, have been fabricated by combining electron-beam lithography and reactive-ion etching techniques. The 3D architecture, the sharp tips of the nanostars and the sub-10 nm gap size promote the formation of giant electric-field in highly localized hot-spots. The single/few molecule detection capability of the 3D nanostar-dimers has been demonstrated by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Chirumamilla
- Nanostructures, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
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50
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Coluccio ML, Gentile F, Francardi M, Perozziello G, Malara N, Candeloro P, Di Fabrizio E. Electroless deposition and nanolithography can control the formation of materials at the nano-scale for plasmonic applications. Sensors (Basel) 2014; 14:6056-83. [PMID: 24681672 PMCID: PMC4029638 DOI: 10.3390/s140406056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The new revolution in materials science is being driven by our ability to manipulate matter at the molecular level to create structures with novel functions and properties. The aim of this paper is to explore new strategies to obtain plasmonic metal nanostructures through the combination of a top down method, that is electron beam lithography, and a bottom up technique, that is the chemical electroless deposition. This technique allows a tight control over the shape and size of bi- and three-dimensional metal patterns at the nano scale. The resulting nanostructures can be used as constituents of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, where the electromagnetic field is strongly amplified. Our results indicate that, in electroless growth, high quality metal nanostructures with sizes below 50 nm may be easily obtained. These findings were explained within the framework of a diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) model, that is a simulation model that makes it possible to decipher, at an atomic level, the rules governing the evolution of the growth front; moreover, we give a description of the physical mechanisms of growth at a basic level. In the discussion, we show how these findings can be utilized to fabricate dimers of silver nanospheres where the size and shape of those spheres is controlled with extreme precision and can be used for very large area SERS substrates and nano-optics, for single molecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Coluccio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Marco Francardi
- Department of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gerardo Perozziello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Patrizio Candeloro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Enzo Di Fabrizio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
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