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Nocerino M, Pepe P, Ciccone E, Maurelli MP, Bosco A, Boué F, Umhang G, Lahmar S, Said Y, Sotiraki S, Ligda P, Laatamna A, Reghaissia N, Saralli G, Musella V, Alterisio MC, Piegari G, Rinaldi L. Epidemiological update of cystic echinococcosis in livestock and assessment of practices related to its control in the Mediterranean area. Acta Trop 2024; 255:107240. [PMID: 38705342 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, is a zoonotic parasitic disease that still represents a serious threat to human and animal health worldwide. The Mediterranean basin is recognized as one of the major hotspots of CE due to several factors, including the presence of diverse intermediate host species as well as socio-economic and cultural conditions of local communities. This study aims to take a closer look at epidemiological data on CE in the Mediterranean area and assess the knowledge attitudes and practices of shepherds towards this disease in four countries (Algeria, Greece, Italy and Tunisia), highly endemic for CE, with the final goal of identifying highly endemic risk areas and practices in use which might potentially allow the persistence of E. granulosus infection in these areas. To update the epidemiological scenario of CE in Mediterranean areas, a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature on CE prevalence data published during the 2017-2023 period was carried out and, through a geographical information system (GIS), a map displaying the current CE distribution in the Mediterranean area was generated. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted through in-depth interviews of the farmers to collect information on their management system as well as knowledge attitudes and practices towards CE. From the farmer-participatory survey some risky practices emerged including the non-regular deworming of dogs or the use of ineffective drugs or dosing, as well as the provision of uncooked animal viscera to dogs. Finally, lower levels of knowledge and awareness of the disease was observed among farmers from North Africa compared with those of European countries. In conclusion, the results obtained highlight that CE is still a very serious problem in Mediterranean areas and increased efforts are needed to promote awareness among farmers and to turn research results into policy in order to reduce the spread of this disease, according to the One Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Nocerino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Paola Pepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy.
| | - Elena Ciccone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy; Regional Reference Centre for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Maurelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy; Regional Reference Centre for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy; Regional Reference Centre for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
| | - Franck Boué
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife Diseases, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, BP 40009, Malzéville 54220, France
| | - Gérald Umhang
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife Diseases, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, BP 40009, Malzéville 54220, France
| | - Samia Lahmar
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, University of Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Yousra Said
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire, University of Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Smaragda Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Panagiota Ligda
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-Demeter, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - AbdElkarim Laatamna
- Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppic Ecosystems, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Moudjbara Road, BP, Djelfa 3117, Algeria
| | - Nassiba Reghaissia
- Institute of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, University of Souk Ahras, Annaba Road, Souk Ahras 41000, Algeria
| | - Giorgio Saralli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana M. Aleandri, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Science, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Alterisio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, Naples 80137, Italy; Regional Reference Centre for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
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Ciccone E, Bosco A, Pepe P, Nocerino M, Lattero N, Umhang G, AbdElkarim L, Lahmar S, Said Y, Saralli G, Piegari G, Alterisio MC, Baka R, Sotiraki S, Boué F, Rinaldi L. Baiting not-owned dogs against Echinococcus granulosus: innovative tools for integrated control. Parasitology 2024; 151:421-428. [PMID: 38576256 PMCID: PMC11044063 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182024000258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, is one of the most widespread zoonoses in Mediterranean countries. Baiting not-owned dogs with praziquantel (PZQ), due to their key role in the maintaining the transmission of CE, currently appears to be the most effective way to limit the transmission of CE, as well as an important aspect to introduce for the control of this parasitic disease. Therefore, this study aims to test 3 types of PZQ-based baits by evaluating different parameters (integrity over time, attractiveness and palatability for dogs, and mechanical resistance after release to different altitudes) and the bait acceptance in field by target animals, i.e. not-owned dogs, by using camera traps. The double PZQ-laced baits (with a double layer of highly palatable chews) showed the greatest resistance in the environment while also preserving the attractiveness and palatability up to 10 days, also withstood heights of 25 m, thus resulting as the most suitable also for drone delivery. The results on the field showed that most of the baits were consumed by not-owned dogs (82.2%), while the remaining were consumed by wild boars (8.9%), foxes (6.7%), badgers (1.1%) and hedgehogs (1.1%), confirming the specific and high attractiveness of the double PZQ-laced baits for the target population and highlights how an anthelmintic baiting programme may be a viable tool for the management of E. granulosus among free-ranging dog populations in endemic rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciccone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
- Regional Reference Center for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
- Regional Reference Center for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
| | - Paola Pepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Nocerino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Lattero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
- Regional Reference Center for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
| | - Gerald Umhang
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife Diseases, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, BP 40009, 54220 Malzéville, France
| | - Laatamna AbdElkarim
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppic Ecosystems, University of Djelfa, Moudjbara Road, BP 3117, Djelfa, Algeria
| | - Samia Lahmar
- Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Yousra Said
- Parasitology Laboratory, National School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Manouba, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Giorgio Saralli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Lazio and Tuscany M. Aleandri, Via Appia Nuova, 00178 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Alterisio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Rania Baka
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Smaragda Sotiraki
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Franck Boué
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife Diseases, Technopôle agricole et vétérinaire, BP 40009, 54220 Malzéville, France
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, CREMOPAR, 80137, Naples, Italy
- Regional Reference Center for Animal Health (CRESAN), Campania Region, Italy
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Prete CD, Nocera FP, Piegari G, Palumbo V, Martino LD, Cocchia N, Paciello O, Montano C, Pasolini MP. Use of cytobrush for bacteriological and cytological diagnosis of endometritis in mares. Vet World 2024; 17:398-406. [PMID: 38595673 PMCID: PMC11000473 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.398-406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim A combined microbial and cytological examination of uterine samples is the main diagnostic method for endometritis in mares. This study aimed to describe a procedure for using the same uterine cytobrush (CB) for both bacteriological and cytological evaluation. Material and Methods The procedure consists of rolling the CB onto a sterilized glass slide immediately after collection and before the transfer into a sterile saline solution. In Experiment 1, a comparison between bacteriological results of the cotton swab (CS) and CB or pellet was made in 10 mares; in Experiment 2, bacteriological and cytological results were compared between different processing methods of CB in 28 mares; in other 6 mares, a CB was processed for cytology only, to investigate the reasons for the low cellularity of the pellet. Results The agreement between culture results from the CB and CS was evaluated, and a comparison between the cytological data obtained by different processing methods of CB was performed. The perfect agreement between the CB and CS microbiological results was found. The described procedure enables useful diagnostic smears for cytology. Moreover, the seeding of both the tip of CB and the saline solution used for the transport produced accurate bacteriological results. Conclusion The protocol described in this study for the use of CB for both cytological and bacteriological analysis could be used for the diagnosis of endometritis. To maximize diagnostic sample quality, cytology slides must be prepared with meticulous care in the field to preserve cellular integrity and minimize artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Del Prete
- Reproduction Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Paola Nocera
- Diagnostic Service of Pathology and Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Diagnostic Service of Pathology and Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Palumbo
- Regional Reference Center for Urban Veterinary Hygiene (CRIUV), Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa De Martino
- Diagnostic Service of Pathology and Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Natascia Cocchia
- Reproduction Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Diagnostic Service of Pathology and Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Montano
- Surgery Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pasolini
- Surgery Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Comella F, Lama A, Pirozzi C, Annunziata C, Piegari G, Sodano F, Melini S, Paciello O, Lago Paz F, Meli R, Mattace Raso G. Oleoylethanolamide attenuates acute-to-chronic kidney injury: in vivo and in vitro evidence of PPAR-α involvement. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116094. [PMID: 38183745 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) development after acute kidney injury (AKI) involves multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and extracellular matrix deposition, leading to progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Recently, a central role for peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α has been addressed in preserving kidney function during AKI. Among endogenous lipid mediators, oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a PPAR-α agonist, has been studied for its metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we have investigated OEA effects on folic acid (FA)-induced kidney injury in mice and the underlying mechanisms. OEA improved kidney function, normalized urine output, and reduced serum BUN, creatinine, and albuminuria. Moreover, OEA attenuated tubular epithelial injury, as shown by histological analysis, and decreased expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1. Gene expression analysis of kidney tissue indicated that OEA limited immune cell infiltration and inflammation. Moreover, OEA significantly inhibited Wnt7b and Catnb1 gene transcription and α-smooth muscle actin expression, indicating suppression of EMT. Accordingly, OEA exhibited an anti-fibrotic effect, as shown by Masson staining and the reduced levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, fibronectin, and collagen IV. Mechanistically, the nephroprotective effect of OEA was related to PPAR-α activation since OEA failed to exert its beneficial activity in FA-insulted PPAR-α-/- mice. PPAR-α involvement was also confirmed in HK2 cells where GW6471, a PPAR-α antagonist, blunted OEA activity on the TGF-β1 signalling pathway and associated pro-inflammatory and fibrotic patterns. Our findings revealed that OEA counteracts kidney injury by controlling inflammation and fibrosis, making it an effective therapeutic tool for limiting AKI to CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Comella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Pirozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Annunziata
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Sodano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Melini
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Francisca Lago Paz
- University Clinic Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Rosaria Meli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mattace Raso
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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d’Aquino I, Piegari G, Miletti G, Sannino E, Costanza D, Meomartino L, Fico R, Riccio L, Vaccaro E, De Biase D, Paciello O. Morphometrical and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Kidney as an Indirect Parameter to Estimate Age in Puppies in Veterinary Forensic Pathology. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2665. [PMID: 37627455 PMCID: PMC10451229 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Estimation of age represents a central focus in the veterinary forensic pathology field. Currently, the visual examination of the dentition and the skeletal age are the main methods to estimate the age of puppies. Nevertheless, these methods are affected by a broad range of variables. In contrast, the kidney is characterized by a specific postnatal development. In human glomerulogenesis, fetal mesangial cells change their immunohistochemical phenotypes with maturation. Therefore, we hypothesized that histological and immunohistochemical examinations of the kidney can be used together as an indirect parameter for age determination in puppies' cadavers. Forty-five puppies' cadavers were divided into five groups defined by age (Group A= 0-15 days, Group B = 16-45 days, Group C = 46-85 days, Group D = 86-105 days, Group E= 105-365 days). For each case, kidney samples were collected and processed for histopathological (for morphometrical study of the glomerulus) and immunohistochemical (for the immunolocalization of the α-SMA protein) studies. Morphometrical study allowed us to observe statistical differences in the mean glomerulus numbers per field among assessed groups. Similarly, immunohistochemical examination showed differences in SMA expression among groups. Our findings suggest a potential use of kidney morphometrical and immunohistochemical examinations together as an indirect parameter to assess the age of illegally imported puppies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria d’Aquino
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Gianluca Miletti
- Unit of Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Emanuela Sannino
- Unit of Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Dario Costanza
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Leonardo Meomartino
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Rosario Fico
- National Reference Centre for Veterinary Forensic Medicine, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, 58100 Grosseto, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Riccio
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Emanuela Vaccaro
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Davide De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (I.d.); (D.C.); (L.M.); (L.R.); (E.V.); (O.P.)
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De Biase D, Prisco F, Pepe P, Bosco A, Piegari G, d'Aquino I, Russo V, Papparella S, Maurelli MP, Rinaldi L, Paciello O. Evaluation of the Local Immune Response to Hydatid Cysts in Sheep Liver. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10050315. [PMID: 37235398 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10050315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to characterize the inflammatory phenotype of livers of sheep naturally infected by cystic echinococcosis, 100 sheep livers have been macroscopically assessed for the presence of hydatid cysts and sampled for histopathological and molecular analysis. According to gross and microscopic examination, livers were subsequently classified into three groups: normal liver (Group A), liver with the presence of fertile hydatid cysts (Group B), and liver with the presence of sterile hydatid cysts (Group C). Immunohistochemical analyses were accomplished using primary antibodies anti-Iba1, anti-CD3, anti-CD20, anti-TGF-β, and anti-MMP9. Finally, real-time PCR was performed in order to estimate the concentration levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (INF-γ), interleukin (IL)-12, IL-10, and TGF-β. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a diffuse immunolabelling of mononuclear cells for Iba-1 and TGF-β and a higher amount of CD20+ B cells compared to CD3+ T cells in both Groups B and C. The expression levels of Th-1-like immune cytokines TNF-α, INF-γ, and IL-12 did not show significant statistical differences. However, we found a significant increase in expression levels of Th-2 immune cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 in Groups B and C compared to Group A. Taken together, our findings suggest that macrophages have a predominant role in the local immune response to cystic echinococcosis. Moreover, we can speculate that Th2 immunity may be dominant, corroborating the idea that B cells are decisively essential in the control of the immune response during parasitic infection and that the immunomodulatory role of IL-10 and TGF-β may ensure the persistence of the parasite within the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide De Biase
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Pepe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilaria d'Aquino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Maurelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", CREMOPAR, Via Delpino, 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
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Costanza D, Meomartino L, Lamagna B, Castiello E, Coluccia P, Piegari G, D’Aquino I, Lamagna F, Greco A. Retrobulbar Filling for Enophthalmos Treatment in Dogs: Technique, Description and Computed-Tomographic Evaluation. Preliminary Cadaveric Study. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10040267. [PMID: 37104422 PMCID: PMC10146215 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10040267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A new therapeutic approach for enophthalmos may be retrobulbar lipofilling. This study aims to standardize the intraconal filling technique and to evaluate the degree of eyeball displacement by computed tomography (CT). Skull CT was performed on six dog cadavers before and after intraconal injection of two 5% iodinated, viscoelastic solutions, one per eye, using an ultrasound-guided supratemporal approach. The volume to be injected was calculated using formulas for retrobulbar cone anesthesia. After CT, the dogs underwent necropsy and histopathology to evaluate damages that eventually occurred to retrobulbar structures. Eyeball displacement was estimated using two CT-based methods, named M1 and M2. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no significant difference between the two injected materials in both M1 (p > 0.99), and M2 (lateral p = 0.84 and rostral p = 0.84 displacement). A statistically significant difference was found between the pre- and post-injection group M1 (p = 0.002), M2 (p = 0.004) for the lateral and (p = 0.003) for rostral displacement. Although the slight eyeball displacement, the retrobulbar filling can lead to enophthalmos resolution. Compared to M1, the M2 method has better-defined anatomical landmarks. Further, preclinical in vivo studies are necessary to assess retrobulbar filling efficacy and safety.
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De Biase D, Pagano TB, Malanga D, Russo V, Piegari G, d'Aquino I, Iovane V, Scarfò M, Papparella S, Wojcik S, Paciello O. Identification of vacuolar autophagic aggregates in the skeletal muscles of inbred C57BL/6NCrl mice. Lab Anim 2023:236772221138942. [PMID: 36601775 DOI: 10.1177/00236772221138942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive pathological analysis of inbred strains is essential to define strain-specific spontaneous lesions and to understand whether a specific phenotype results from experimental intervention or reflects a naturally occurring disease. This study aimed to report and describe a novel condition affecting the skeletal muscles of an inbred C57BL/6NCrl mouse colony characterised by large sarcoplasmic vacuoles in the muscle fibres of male mice in the subsarcolemmal spaces and the intermyofibrillary network. There was no muscle weakness, loss of ambulation or cardiac/respiratory involvement. Post-mortem evaluation and histological analysis excluded the presence of pathological accumulations or lesions in other tissues and organs. Changes were seen in fibre size, with many hypotrophic and some slightly hypertrophic fibres. Histological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses of the vacuolar content revealed dysregulation of the autophagy machinery while ruling out a morphologically similar condition marked by the accumulation of tubular aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Bruna Pagano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
| | - Donatella Malanga
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University 'Magna Graecia' of Catanzaro Medical School, Italy
| | - Valeria Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
| | - Ilaria d'Aquino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
| | - Valentina Iovane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
| | | | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
| | - Slawomir Wojcik
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production University of Naples 'Federico II', Italy
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9
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d'Aquino I, Piegari G, Casciaro SM, Prisco F, Rosato G, Silvestre P, Degli Uberti B, Capasso M, Laricchiuta P, Paciello O, Russo V. An Overview of Neoplasia in Captive Wild Felids in Southern Italy Zoos. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:899481. [PMID: 35619605 PMCID: PMC9127987 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.899481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of neoplasms in captive wild felids in Southern Italy zoos over a 13-year period (2008–2021) and to investigate macroscopic and histologic tumor findings in these animals. A total of 24 cases were necropsied, 9 males and 15 females, with age ranging from 6 to 19 years, including 12 tigers (Panthera tigris), 7 leopards (Panthera pardus), 4 lions (Panthera leo), and 1 black jaguar (Panthera onca). Diagnosis of neoplasm was made in 14/24 cases (58.3%). Tumors diagnosed were two cholangiocarcinomas, two hemangiosarcomas of the liver, two uterine leiomyomas, a renal adenocarcinoma, an adrenal gland adenoma, a thyroid carcinoma, an oral squamous cell carcinoma, an osteoma, a meningioma, a mesothelioma, an esophageal leiomyosarcoma, a muscoloskeletal leiomyosarcoma and a thyroid adenoma. The malignant and benign tumors were 62.5 and 37.5%, respectively. Among malignant tumors, no metastasis was observed in 50% of cases; in 10% of cases metastasis involved only regional lymph nodes; and distant metastases were found in 40% of cases. Based on our findings, the liver was the most frequent primary tumor site (25%). The high rates of malignant and widely metastatic neoplasms suggest the importance of active monitoring and management of neoplasia in these threatened and endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria d'Aquino
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ilaria d'Aquino
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Centro Regionale per l'Igiene Urbana Veterinaria (CRIUV), Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Mariagiovanna Casciaro
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Centro Regionale per l'Igiene Urbana Veterinaria (CRIUV), Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Rosato
- Centro Regionale per l'Igiene Urbana Veterinaria (CRIUV), Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Orlando Paciello
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Centro Regionale per l'Igiene Urbana Veterinaria (CRIUV), Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Russo
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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10
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Prisco F, De Biase D, Baldassarre V, Piegari G, Monné Rodríguez J, Cardillo L, Fusco G, Santoro P, Kipar A, Paciello O. Inflammatory Myopathy and Myocarditis Associated with Natural Feline Immunodeficiency Virus-Infection in Cats. J Comp Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Piegari G, d'Aquino I, De Pasquale V, Prisco F, Baldassarre V, De Biase D, Tafuri S, Pavone L, Paciello O. Evaluation of Muscle Proteins and DNA Degradation to Estimate the Post-Mortem Interval in Veterinary Forensic Pathology. J Comp Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Palumbo D, Caporusso E, Piegari G, Mencacci C, Torriero S, Giuliani L, Fabrazzo M, Pinto D, Galderisi S. Social Cognition Individualized Activities Lab for Social Cognition Training and Narrative Enhancement in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Study to Assess Efficacy and Generalization to Real-Life Functioning (Prot. n°: NCT05130853). Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:833550. [PMID: 35444577 PMCID: PMC9015661 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.833550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjects affected by schizophrenia present significant deficits in various aspects of social cognition, such as emotion processing, social perception and theory of mind (ToM). These deficits have a greater impact than symptoms on occupational and social functioning. Therefore, social cognition represents an important therapeutic target in people with schizophrenia. Recent meta-analyses showed that social cognition training (SCT) is effective in improving social cognition in subjects with schizophrenia; however, real-life functioning is not always ameliorated. Integration of SCT with an intervention targeting metacognitive abilities might improve the integration of social cognitive skills to daily life functioning. Our research group has implemented a new individualized rehabilitation program: the Social Cognition Individualized Activities Lab, SoCIAL, which integrates SCT with a module for narrative enhancement, an intervention targeting metacognitive abilities. The present multi-center randomized controlled study will compare the efficacy of SoCIAL and treatment as usual (TAU) in subjects diagnosed with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. The primary outcome will be the improvement of social cognition and real-life functioning; while the secondary outcome will be the improvement of symptoms, functional capacity and neurocognition. The results of this study will add empirical evidence to the benefits and feasibility of SCT and narrative enhancement in people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Palumbo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Edoardo Caporusso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Mencacci
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Torriero
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Fabrazzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Pinto
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Piegari
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental HealthUniversity of Campania L. VanvitelliNaplesItaly
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14
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Prisco F, De Biase D, Piegari G, Oriente F, Cimmino I, De Pasquale V, Costanzo M, Santoro P, Gizzarelli M, Papparella S, Paciello O. Leishmania spp.-Infected Dogs Have Circulating Anti-Skeletal Muscle Autoantibodies Recognizing SERCA1. Pathogens 2021; 10:463. [PMID: 33921323 PMCID: PMC8070147 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10040463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania spp. infection is associated with an inflammatory myopathy (IM) in dogs. The pathomechanism underlying this disorder is still elusive, however, the pattern of cellular infiltration and MHC I and II upregulation indicate an immune-mediated myositis. This study aimed to investigate the presence of autoantibodies targeting the skeletal muscle in sera of leishmania-infected dogs and individuate the major autoantigen. We tested sera from 35 leishmania-infected dogs and sera from 10 negative controls for the presence of circulating autoantibodies with indirect immunofluorescence. Immunoblot and mass spectrometry were used to identify the main target autoantigen. Immunocolocalization and immunoblot on immunoprecipitated muscle proteins were performed to confirm the individuated major autoantigen. We identified circulating autoantibodies that recognize skeletal muscle antigen(s) in sera of leishmania-infected dogs. The major antigen was identified as the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 1 (SERCA1). We also found that canine SERCA1 presents several identical traits to the calcium-translocating P-type ATPase of Leishmania infantum. In the present study, we defined circulating anti-SERCA1 autoantibodies as part of the pathogenesis of the leishmania-associated IM in dogs. Based on our data, we hypothesize that antigen mimicry is the mechanism underlying the production of these autoantibodies in leishmania-infected dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Davide De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Francesco Oriente
- Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Department of Translational Medicine, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.O.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilaria Cimmino
- Research Unit (URT) Genomic of Diabetes, Department of Translational Medicine, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Council of Research (CNR), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.O.); (I.C.)
| | - Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE—Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Santoro
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Di.Lab.), 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Manuela Gizzarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy; (D.D.B.); (G.P.); (V.D.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (O.P.)
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15
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Brando F, Giordano G, Bucci P, Palumbo D, Piegari G, Mucci A, Galderisi S. Effectiveness of social skills training conducted in a group of subjects with first-episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9475727 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive deficits are considered a key feature of schizophrenia due to their substantial influence on the psychosocial outcome of subjects affected by this disorder. Several studies showed that moderate to severe cognitive impairments, including dysfunctions of social cognition, are already present during the early phases of the illness, in subjects with first-episode psychosis (FEPs). Psychosocial interventions, such as social skill training (SST), could therefore be implemented already upon occurrence of the first episode of psychosis to improve the overall functional outcome of schizophrenia, which represents to date an unmet need in the care of these patients. Objectives The study aims to evaluate the use of SST to enhance social skills and real-life functioning in FEPs. Methods The sample included 7 FEPs (age between 15 and 40). The SST intervention included 30 sessions lasting 2 hours and delivered twice a week. Psychopathology, neurocognition, real life functioning, functional capacity and social cognition were assessed at baseline ad after training. Paired samples t-tests were performed to evaluate the effects of the intervention. All subjects were treated with second generation antipsychotics. Results Significant improvements were observed in negative symptoms, social cognition, problem solving skills, as well as in global functioning (all p<0.05). Within real-life functioning, the improvement was greater for the domain of interpersonal relationships. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that SST might complement pharmacological treatment in FEPs to improve functional outcome in these subjects. Further studies with a higher sample size and a longer follow-up are required in order to confirm the present results.
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Brando F, Giordano G, Piegari G, Palumbo D, Bucci P, Mucci A, Galderisi S. The efficacy of social skills training in the treatment of schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9475835 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social cognition and skill deficits have been largely documented in subjects with schizophrenia (SCZs), and have a strong influence on the functional outcome of these subjects. Different behavioural interventions have been developed to target and improve social skills in SCZs. For instance, the Social Skills Training (SST) focuses on improving communication skills and assertiveness to facilitate disease management, independent living and real-life functioning of SCZs. SST seems also to have an impact on negative symptoms and social cognition. Objectives The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of SST in improving social cognition and negative symptoms in SCZs. Methods The sample included 8 chronic SCZs (age between 18 and 60), who completed 6 months of SST. The intervention consisted of two weekly group sessions of 2 hours each. We assessed psychopathology, neurocognition, real-life functioning, functional capacity and social cognition at baseline and after training. Paired samples t-tests were performed to evaluate the differences of the variables considered after completing the treatment. Results Significant improvements in negative symptoms (p<.05), social cognition (p<.05), functional capacity (p<.001), activities of daily living (p<.001) and interpersonal relationships (p<.011) were found. Conclusions The present findings suggest that SST might ameliorate social cognition and negative symptoms which are generally not influenced by antipsychotic treatment. The integration of pharmacological and SST interventions might have an impact on major determinants of poor real-life functioning in SCZs.
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Prisco F, De Biase D, Piegari G, d'Aquino I, Lama A, Comella F, Mercogliano R, Dipineto L, Papparella S, Paciello O. Pathologic characterization of white striping myopathy in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101150. [PMID: 34049215 PMCID: PMC8167160 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
White striping (WS) is an emerging myopathy of broiler chickens characterized by white striation of muscle. Despite the recent advances, the pathomechanism underlying the WS remains elusive. The aim of this study was to characterize morphological and molecular features of WS in broiler chickens. 50 pectoralis muscles were collected from 55 days old ROSS 308 broiler chickens with a mean weight of 3.5 kg. Samples were snap frozen and analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Real-time-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of different cytokines. Histological lesions were observed in all examined animals, both with and without macroscopic evidence of WS. WS muscles showed endomysial and perivascular inflammatory infiltrates of macrophages and cluster of differentiation (CD)8-positive T lymphocytes with severe myofiber atrophy, necrosis, fibrosis and replacement by adipose tissue. There was diffuse sarcoplasmic and sarcolemmal overexpression of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I). The severity of the histologic lesions was positively correlated with the macroscopic degree of white striations. IL-6, IL-17 and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF) were overexpressed in severe lesions of WS. The presence of the CD8/MHC I complexes, together with the higher expression of IL-6, IL-17 and LITAF in severe degree of WS, suggest that the immune response may be involved in the progression of this myopathy and can be consistent with a hypoxia-induced inflammatory myopathy. These results help to understand the pathomechanism of WS contributing to the reduction of economic losses and improving poultry welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Davide De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Ilaria d'Aquino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Adriano Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italia
| | - Federica Comella
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italia
| | - Raffaelina Mercogliano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Food Inspection, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Ludovico Dipineto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Avian Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italia.
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De Biase D, Prisco F, Piegari G, Ilsami A, d'Aquino I, Baldassarre V, Zito Marino F, Franco R, Papparella S, Paciello O. RNAScope in situ Hybridization as a Novel Technique for the Assessment of c-KIT mRNA Expression in Canine Mast Cell Tumor. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:591961. [PMID: 33665215 PMCID: PMC7921150 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.591961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA is considered as an indicator of the dynamic genetic expression changes in a cell. RNAScope is a commercially available in situ hybridization assay for the detection of RNA in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. In this work, we describe the use of RNAScope as a sensitive and specific method for the evaluation of c-KIT messenger RNA (mRNA) in canine mast cell tumor. We investigated the expression of c-KIT mRNA with RNAscope in 60 canine mast cell tumors (MCTs), comparing it with the histological grade and KIT immunohistochemical expression patterns. Our results showed an overall good expression of c-KIT mRNA in neoplastic cells if compared with control probes. We also observed a statistically significant correlation between histological grade and c-KIT mRNA expression. No correlations were found between KIT protein immunohistochemical distribution pattern and c-KIT mRNA expression or histological grade. Our results provide a reference basis to better understand c-KIT mRNA expression in canine MCTs and strongly encourage further studies that may provide useful information about its potential and significant role as a prognostic and predictive biological marker for canine MCTs clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna Ilsami
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria d'Aquino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Baldassarre
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Zito Marino
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Study of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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De Biase D, Piegari G, Prisco F, Cimmino I, Pirozzi C, Mattace Raso G, Oriente F, Grieco E, Papparella S, Paciello O. Autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk in neuroinflammation in aged bovine brains. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5394-5403. [PMID: 31903559 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that can sense several stimuli such as autophagy dysregulation and increased reactive oxygen species production stimulating inflammation by priming the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 in their active form. In the aging brain, these cytokines can mediate the innate immunity response priming microglial activation. Here, we describe the results of immunohistochemical and molecular analysis carried out on bovine brains. Our results support the hypothesis that the age-related impairment in cellular housekeeping mechanisms and the increased oxidative stress can trigger the inflammatory danger sensor NLRP3. Moreover, according to the recent scientific literature, we demonstrate the presence of an age-related proinflammatory environment in aged brains consisting in an upregulation of interleukin-1β, an increased microglial activation and increased NLRP3 expression. Finally, we suggest that bovine may potentially be a pivotal animal model for brain aging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Pirozzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Oriente
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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De Biase D, Prisco F, Piegari G, d'Aquino I, Ciani F, De Vivo I, Paciello O. Apoptosis and Telomere Regulation in Ageing of Bovine Skeletal Muscle. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Piegari G, Pelagalli A, I. d'Aquino, De Biase D, Prisco F, Paciello O. Diatom Test and Intrapulmonary Aquaporins Expression as New Tools for the Diagnosis of Drowning in Veterinary Forensic Pathology. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pagano TB, Prisco F, De Biase D, Piegari G, Maurelli MP, Rinaldi L, Cringoli G, Papparella S, Paciello O. Muscular Sarcocystosis in Sheep Associated With Lymphoplasmacytic Myositis and Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I and II. Vet Pathol 2019; 57:272-280. [PMID: 31801417 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819891257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sarcocystosis is a protozoal disease affecting a wide range of animals. The aims of this study were to characterize the following in sheep: (1) the muscle pathology in Sarcocystis infection, (2) the inflammatory infiltrate and its relationship to severity of infection, and (3) immune markers expressed by parasitized muscle fibers and parasitic cysts. Skeletal muscle samples from 78 sheep slaughtered in southern Italy were snap frozen and analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used for Sarcocystis species identification. All 40 muscle samples tested were PCR-positive for Sarcocystis tenella. Histologically, cysts were identified in 76/78 cases (97%), associated with an endomysial infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells. The T cells were predominantly CD8+, with fewer CD4+ or CD79α+ cells. Eosinophils were absent. Notably, sarcolemmal immunopositivity for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II was found in 76/78 cases (97%) and 75/78 cases (96%), respectively, both in samples with and in those without evident inflammatory infiltrate. The number of cysts was positively correlated with inflammation. In addition, MHC I was detected in 55/78 cyst walls (72%), and occasionally co-localized with the membrane-associated protein dystrophin. The findings suggest that muscle fibers respond to the presence of cysts by expression of MHC I and II. The possible role of MHC I and II in the inflammatory response and on the cyst wall is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bruna Pagano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Maurelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Parasitology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Parasitology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cringoli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Parasitology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Unit of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Piegari G, De Biase D, d'Aquino I, Prisco F, Fico R, Ilsami R, Pozzato N, Genovese A, Paciello O. Diagnosis of Drowning and the Value of the Diatom Test in Veterinary Forensic Pathology. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:404. [PMID: 31799284 PMCID: PMC6868027 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of diatoms into the organs is considered an important “biological marker” for the diagnosis of drowning in human pathology, but it still has a high possibility for false positive results. The aims of this study were: (1) to evaluate the contribution of pathological examination in drowning cases and (2) to investigate the differences in the number and location of diatoms between animals who died in drowning and non-drowning conditions. For these purposes, 30 dead adult dogs were selected for the study and subdivided into five groups. The group A comprised six cadavers dead for drowning; the group B comprised six control animals; the groups C, D, and E comprised six animals dead for causes other than drowning and subsequently immersed in water for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. On each animal, a complete macroscopic and histological examination and diatom test were performed. Diatoms test and quantification were also performed on drowning mediums. Pathological findings of the animals in the group A showed pulmonary congestion, oedema, and hemorrages in the lung. However, similar injuries were also observed in control and experimentally submerged cadavers. In contrast, we observed a statistically differences between drowning animals and all experimentally submerged groups and control animals regarding diatom numbers recovered from organ tissue samples (p < 0.05). Therefore, these findings suggest that the number of diatoms may be used as a valid tool to differentiate animals who died in drowning and non-drowning conditions, even if the latter were found in an aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Piegari
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide De Biase
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria d'Aquino
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Fico
- National Center for the Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ilsami
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Pozzato
- Verona Diagnostic Laboratory, Istituto Zooprofilattivo Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Angelo Genovese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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De Biase D, Pirozzi C, Prisco F, Cimmino I, Piegari G, Raso GM, Oriente F, Papparella S, Paciello O. NLRP3 inflammasome expression in brain and skeletal muscle of aged cattle. J Comp Pathol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Palumbo D, Mucci A, Giordano GM, Piegari G, Aiello C, Pietrafesa D, Annarumma N, Chieffi M, Cella M, Galderisi S. The Efficacy, Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Remotely Accessible Use Of CIRCuiTS, A Computerized Cognitive Remediation Therapy Program For Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:3103-3113. [PMID: 31814722 PMCID: PMC6853079 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s221690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Computerized Interactive Remediation of Cognition - Training for Schizophrenia (CIRCuiTS) is a form of cognitive remediation therapy developed to target neurocognitive and metacognitive deficits of people with schizophrenia, which have a detrimental impact on real-life functioning. The English version of CIRCuiTS demonstrated good acceptability and feasibility. A recent randomized controlled trial provided evidence that the program improves memory and functioning, and that the impact on functional outcome is mediated by metacognition. The next steps in the development of CIRCuiTS include both: 1) the translation and adaptation of the program in different cultural settings; and 2) the demonstration of feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a standardized method to administer CIRCuiTS remotely. PURPOSE To implement the CIRCuiTS Italian version and to assess acceptability, feasibility and efficacy of a standardized method to administer CIRCuiTS remotely. METHODS Participants were assessed at baseline and received up to 40 CIRCuiTS therapy sessions, three times a week, for about 1 hr over a three-month period. Participants were reassessed post-treatment. RESULTS The program demonstrated good feasibility and high acceptability when assessed by the number of dropouts and evaluation of patients' satisfaction. Participants improved in learning, speed of processing, working memory and executive control. They showed a reduction in disorganization and improvement in self-esteem, functional capacity, and real-life functioning. CONCLUSION In this study, a standardized protocol for using CIRCuiTS from home was implemented. The first set of data showed in the paper is encouraging. The proposed procedure could lead to a dropout reduction while maintaining the efficacy of the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Palumbo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Aiello
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Daria Pietrafesa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Annarumma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Chieffi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Cella
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (ioppn), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Prisco F, De Biase D, Piegari G, Oriente F, Cimmino I, Pavone L, Ruoppolo M, Costanzo M, Pasquale S, Paciello O. PATHOMECHANISM HIGHLIGHTS OF LEISHMANIA-ASSOCIATED MYOPATHY IN THE DOG. J Comp Pathol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Piegari G, Iovane V, Carletti V, Fico R, Costagliola A, De Biase D, Prisco F, Paciello O. Assessment of Google Glass for Photographic Documentation in Veterinary Forensic Pathology: Usability Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6:e180. [PMID: 30249586 PMCID: PMC6231880 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.9975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Google Glass is a head-mounted device designed in the shape of a pair of eyeglasses equipped with a 5.0-megapixel integrated camera and capable of taking pictures with simple voice commands. Objective The objective of our study was to determine whether Google Glass is fit for veterinary forensic pathology purposes. Methods A total of 44 forensic necropsies of 2 different species (22 dogs and 22 cats) were performed by 2 pathologists; each pathologist conducted 11 necropsies of each species and, for each photographic acquisition, the images were taken with a Google Glass device and a Nikon D3200 digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera. The pictures were collected, divided into 3 groups (based on the external appearance of the animal, organs, and anatomical details), and evaluated by 5 forensic pathologists using a 5-point score system. The parameters assessed were overall color settings, region of interest, sharpness, and brightness. To evaluate the difference in mean duration between necropsies conduced with Google Glass and DSLR camera and to assess the battery consumption of the devices, an additional number of 16 necropsies were performed by the 2 pathologists. In these cases, Google Glass was used for photographic reports in 8 cases (4 dogs and 4 cats) and a Nikon D3200 reflex camera in the other 8 cases. Statistical evaluations were performed to assess the differences in ratings between the quality of the images taken with both devices. Results The images taken with Google Glass received significantly lower ratings than those acquired with reflex camera for all 4 assessed parameters (P<.001). In particular, for the pictures of Groups A and B taken with Google Glass, the sum of frequency of ratings 5 (very good) and 4 (good) was between 50% and 77% for all 4 assessed parameters. The lowest ratings were observed for the pictures of Group C, with a sum of frequency of ratings 5 and 4 of 21.1% (342/1602) for region of interest, 26% (421/1602) for sharpness, 35.5% (575/1602) for overall color settings, and 61.4% (995/1602) for brightness. Furthermore, we found a significant reduction in the mean execution time for necropsy conduced with the Google Glass with respect to the reflex group (P<.001). However, Google Glass drained the battery very quickly. Conclusions These findings suggest that Google Glass is usable in veterinary forensic pathology. In particular, the image quality of Groups A and B seemed adequate for forensic photographic documentation purposes, although the quality was lower than that with the reflex camera. However, in this step of development, the high frequency of poor ratings observed for the pictures of Group C suggest that the device is not suitable for taking pictures of small anatomical details or close-ups of the injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Carletti
- Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Rosario Fico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, National Center for the Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Alessandro Costagliola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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De Biase D, Esposito F, Piegari G, Iovane V, Palma G, Arra C, Papparella S, Fusco A, Paciello O. Characterization of the Inflammatory Infiltrate of Ulcerative Dermatitis in Mice. J Comp Pathol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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De Biase D, Costagliola A, Pagano TB, Piegari G, Wojcik S, Dziewiątkowski J, Grieco E, Mattace Raso G, Russo V, Papparella S, Paciello O. Amyloid precursor protein, lipofuscin accumulation and expression of autophagy markers in aged bovine brain. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:102. [PMID: 28407771 PMCID: PMC5390414 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy is a highly regulated process involving the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic macromolecules and organelles in mammalian cells via the lysosomal system. Dysregulation of autophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases and integrity of the autophagosomal - lysosomal network appears to be critical in the progression of aging. Our aim was to survey the expression of autophagy markers and Amyloid precursor protein (APP) in aged bovine brains. For our study, we collected samples from the brain of old (aged 11–20 years) and young (aged 1–5 years) Podolic dairy cows. Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded sections were stained with routine and special staining techniques. Primary antibodies for APP and autophagy markers such as Beclin-1 and LC3 were used to perform immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Results Histologically, the most consistent morphological finding was the age-related accumulation of intraneuronal lipofuscin. Furthermore, in aged bovine brains, immunofluorescence detected a strongly positive immunoreaction to APP and LC3. Beclin-1 immunoreaction was weak or absent. In young controls, the immunoreaction for Beclin-1 and LC3 was mild while the immunoreaction for APP was absent. Western blot analysis confirmed an increased APP expression and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and a decreased expression of Beclin-1 in aged cows. Conclusions These data suggest that, in aged bovine, autophagy is significantly impaired if compared to young animals and they confirm that intraneuronal APP deposition increases with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- D De Biase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - A Costagliola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.
| | - T B Pagano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - G Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - S Wojcik
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 80-11, Gdansk, Poland
| | - J Dziewiątkowski
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1 80-11, Gdansk, Poland
| | - E Grieco
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Salerno, Italy
| | - G Mattace Raso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - V Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - S Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - O Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II via Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the efficacy of a new social cognition (SC) remediation intervention, the Social Cognition Individualized Activities Lab (SoCIAL), for subjects with schizophrenia. The training includes a module for emotion recognition and one for theory of mind. A comparison with a validated cognitive remediation intervention, the Social Skills And Neurocognitive Individualized Training (SSANIT), was conducted to verify the efficacy of the SoCIAL in improving SC. Ten stabilized patients with schizophrenia accepted to participate. Five patients were randomized to SoCIAL and five to SSANIT. The SoCIAL intervention includes individual sessions of neurocognitive individualized training (NIT) and group sessions of SC training. SSANIT includes individual sessions of NIT and group sessions of social skills individualized training. The interventions were matched for the overall treatment duration (20 weeks) and for the frequency of the sessions (two times a week, one for SoCIAL or social skills individualized training and one for NIT, with a duration of 80 minutes for each session). Results showed a significant treatment effect (effect size: Cohen's d 0.32) on the primary outcome; in fact, only the SoCIAL intervention improved theory of mind. Patients receiving the SoCIAL intervention also showed an improvement of avolition. These preliminary findings support further development of the SoCIAL and suggest that cognitive remediation should include an SC module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Palumbo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Alise
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Annapaola Mazza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Avagliano C, Russo R, De Caro C, Cristiano C, La Rana G, Piegari G, Paciello O, Citraro R, Russo E, De Sarro G, Meli R, Mattace Raso G, Calignano A. Palmitoylethanolamide protects mice against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum stress: In vivo and in vitro evidence. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:276-289. [PMID: 27616549 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several pathogenetic factors have been involved in the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), including inflammation, oxidative stress, unfolded protein accumulation, and apoptosis. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), an endogenous N-acylethanolamine, has been shown to be a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory molecule, acting as a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α agonist. In this study we investigated the effects of PEA on behavioral alterations and the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced model of PD in male mice. Additionally, we showed the involvement of PPAR-α in PEA protective effect on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma against 6-OHDA damage. Here, we report that PEA (3-30mg/kg/days.c.) improved behavioral impairments induced by unilateral intrastriatal injection of 6-OHDA. This effect was accompanied by a significant increase in tyrosine hydroxylase expression at striatal level, indicating PEA preserving effect on dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, we found a reduction in the expression of pro-inflammatory enzymes, i.e. inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, a modulation between pro- and anti-apoptotic markers, suggestive of PEA capability in controlling neuroinflammation and cell death. Interestingly, PEA also showed protective scavenging effect, through superoxide dismutase induction, and dampened unfolding protein response, interfering on glucose-regulated protein 78 expression and PERK-eIF2α pathway. Similar data were found in in vitro studies, where PEA treatment was found to rescue SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells from 6-OHDA-induced damage and death, partly by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress detrimental response. Therefore, PEA, counteracting the pathogenetic aspects involved in the development of PD, showed its therapeutic potential, possibly integrating current treatments correcting dopaminergic deficits and motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna La Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piegari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples "Federico II", 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Citraro
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emilio Russo
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosaria Meli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
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Bucci P, Mucci A, Piegari G, Nobile M, Pini S, Rossi A, Vita A, Galderisi S, Maj M. Characterization of premorbid functioning during childhood in patients with deficit vs. non-deficit schizophrenia and in their healthy siblings. Schizophr Res 2016; 174:172-176. [PMID: 26825584 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Impaired premorbid adjustment has been reported in patients with schizophrenia, generally in association with unfavorable aspects of the illness (e.g., poor outcome and severe negative symptoms). Several studies attempted to define the domains of premorbid dysfunction associated with negative symptoms and poor outcome; however, most of them assessed broadly defined negative symptoms. The present study was aimed to characterize premorbid functioning in a group of patients with deficit schizophrenia (DS), characterized by the presence of at least two primary and persistent negative symptoms (PPNS), and one of patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who did not meet criteria for DS (NDS). The presence of emotional/behavioral problems during childhood was investigated using the Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in both patient groups and in their respective healthy siblings. The Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS) was also used to assess premorbid functioning during childhood in the two patient groups. PPNS were also treated as a continuous variable and correlated with the indices of premorbid functioning regardless the DS/NDS categorization. DS patients, as compared to NDS, showed higher scores on the CBCL subscale "Withdrawn". Both DS and NDS patients showed, as compared to their healthy siblings, a greater impairment on almost all CBCL subscales. PAS findings revealed that DS patients had poorer premorbid adjustment than NDS. No significant correlation between premorbid functioning and PPNS was observed. These findings support the hypothesis that DS has a different developmental trajectory with respect to NDS, and that premorbid adjustment is one of the essential aspects of its characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Italy
| | - Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Italy
| | | | - Maria Nobile
- Eugenio Medea Scientific Institute, Child Psychiatry Department, Bosisio Parini, LC, Italy
| | - Stefano Pini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Institute of Experimental Medicine-Section of Psychiatry, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Italy
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De Simone S, Mucci A, Bucci P, Merlotti E, Chieffi M, Piegari G, Campana T, Patriarca S, Rocco M, Palumbo D, Galderisi S. Avolition in schizophrenia: associations with trait and state anhedonia. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionCurrent research suggested that avolition in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) is not due to a deficit of hedonic experience, but to a poor ability to translate pleasurable experiences into motivational states. In line with this hypothesis, several evidences showed a preserved hedonic experience, even in the presence of severe trait anhedonia and avolition in SCZ.ObjectivesTo test the hypothesis that memory dysfunction, generally found in SCZ, could lead to inaccurate representations of emotional experiences and interfere with translation of pleasurable experience in motivation.AimsThe present study was aimed to investigate the relationships between state and trait anhedonia, avolition and cognitive functioning in 35 SCZ.MethodsIn SCZ and matched healthy controls (HC) the Temporal experience of Pleasure (TEPS) and Chapman's scales were used to assess trait anhedonia. The MID task was used to assess in-the-moment hedonic experience. Avolition was measured by the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was used to assess cognition.ResultsSCZ did not differ from HC on TEPS or on MID task performance but reported higher scores for trait social anhedonia. Trait social anhedonia was associated with memory dysfunction and showed a correlation with avolition.ConclusionsOur results confirm the disjunction between state and trait anhedonia and demonstrate a relationship of the latter with memory impairment and avolition, suggesting that inaccurate representations of emotional experiences might impede their translation in motivation to act.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Palumbo D, Mucci A, Piegari G, Chieffi M, Mazza A, Giugliano R, De Riso F, D’Alise V, Galderisi S. The social cognition individualized activities lab: Implementation of a new remediation intervention for social cognition. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPeople with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in neurocognitive and social cognitive (SC) processes which limit their social reintegration. SC was found to mediate in part the impact of neurocognitive dysfunctions on real-life functioning.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to implement a new intervention for patients with schizophrenia, the Social Cognition Individualized Activities Lab (So.C.I.A.L.) which trains both social cognition and neurocognitive functions.AimsTo determine the efficacy of the So.C.I.A.L in improving SC by a comparison with a validated cognitive remediation (CR) intervention: the Social Skills And Neurocognitive Individualized Training (SSANIT).MethodsNine stabilized patients accepted to participate in this pilot study. Five were randomized to So.C.I.A.L. and 4 to SSANIT. The two programs were matched for the overall treatment duration (20 weeks), as well as frequency and duration of the sessions. Both interventions included individual sessions of neurocognitive individualized training; So.C.I.A.L included group sessions on Emotion Recognition and Theory of Mind, while SSANIT group sessions of Social Skills Individualized Training.ResultsNo group difference was found for changes in neurocognition, while a significant group effect was observed for changes in SC, due to improvement only in the So.C.I.A.L. group.ConclusionsThe study results showed a specific effect of the So.C.I.A.L. on SC, beyond the effect on neurocognition. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of So.C.I.A.L. on real-life functioning in a larger group of subjects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Mucci A, Galderisi S, Merlotti E, Rossi A, Rocca P, Bucci P, Piegari G, Chieffi M, Vignapiano A, Maj M. The Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS): Independent validation in a large sample of Italian patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [PMID: 25758156 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.01.014.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) was developed to address the main limitations of the existing scales for the assessment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The initial validation of the scale by the group involved in its development demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity, and a factor structure confirming the two domains of negative symptoms (reduced emotional/verbal expression and anhedonia/asociality/avolition). However, only relatively small samples of patients with schizophrenia were investigated. Further independent validation in large clinical samples might be instrumental to the broad diffusion of the scale in clinical research. METHODS The present study aimed to examine the BNSS inter-rater reliability, convergent/discriminant validity and factor structure in a large Italian sample of outpatients with schizophrenia. RESULTS Our results confirmed the excellent inter-rater reliability of the BNSS (the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.81 to 0.98 for individual items and was 0.98 for the total score). The convergent validity measures had r values from 0.62 to 0.77, while the divergent validity measures had r values from 0.20 to 0.28 in the main sample (n=912) and in a subsample without clinically significant levels of depression and extrapyramidal symptoms (n=496). The BNSS factor structure was supported in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The study confirms that the BNSS is a promising measure for quantifying negative symptoms of schizophrenia in large multicenter clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - S Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy.
| | - E Merlotti
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - P Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - P Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - G Piegari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - M Chieffi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - A Vignapiano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - M Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
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Chieffi M, Piegari G, Mucci A, De Riso F, De Simone S, Plaitano E, Nardi A, Galderisi S. EPA-0801 - Anhedonia and real-life motivation in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)78144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Bucci P, Piegari G, Mucci A, Merlotti E, Chieffi M, De Riso F, De Angelis M, Di Munzio W, Galderisi S. Neurocognitive individualized training versus social skills individualized training: a randomized trial in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2013; 150:69-75. [PMID: 23962828 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rehabilitation programs integrating cognitive remediation (CR) and psychosocial rehabilitation are often implemented as they seem to yield greater improvements in functional outcome than stand alone treatment approaches. Mechanisms underlying synergistic effects of combining CR with psychosocial interventions are not fully understood. Disentangling the relative contribution of each component of integrated programs might improve understanding of underlying mechanisms. In the present study we compared the efficacy of two components of our rehabilitation program [the Neurocognitive Individualized Training (NIT) and the Social Skills Individualized Training (SSIT)]. Seventy-two patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. Changes in cognitive, psychopathological and real-world functioning indices after 6 and 12 months were compared between the two groups. After both 6 and 12 months, NIT produced an improvement of attention, verbal memory and perseverative aspects of executive functioning, while SSIT produced a worsening of visuo-spatial memory and attention and no significant effect on the other cognitive domains. As to the real-world functioning, NIT produced a significant improvement of interpersonal relationships, while SSIT yielded a significant improvement of QLS instrumental role subscale. According to our findings, cognitive training is more effective than social skills training on several cognitive domains and indices of real-world functioning relevant to subject's relationships with other people. Integrated approaches might target different areas of functional impairment but should be planned carefully and individually to fully exploit the synergistic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Italy
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Bucci P, Piegari G, Chieffi M, Mucci A, Galderisi S, Maj M. 2304 – Relationships between psychopathological dimensions, cognitive deficits and functional capacity/real-life functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(13)77156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mancuso F, De Santo R, Piegari G, Palma A, Chieffi M, Mucci A, Galderisi S, Maj M. P-135 - Emotional Training (ET): a group psychotherapy to improve awareness and modulation of emotional experience. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)74302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Fanigliulo A, Viggiano A, Piegari G, Crescenzi A. SERIOUS OUTBREAK OF CLAVIBACTER MICHIGANENSIS SUBSP. MICHIGANENSIS ON TOMATO IN SOUTHERN ITALY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2011.914.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Piegari G, Galderisi S, Bucci P, Mucci A, De Riso F, Campana T, Maj M. Social skills vs. Neurocognitive training in psychotic patients. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIt has been hypothesized that cognitive remediation with adjunctive psychiatric rehabilitation would be associated with greater improvements in functional outcome than standalone treatment approaches (1).Moving from these observations our group designed an individualized rehabilitation program including a computerized cognitive training (CCT) and social skills training (SST), which showed promising results (2).A critical evaluation of recent studies examining standalone and combined treatment approaches included the understanding of the differential impact of the two approaches among crucial areas for future research (3).ObjectivesThe present study compared the effects of CCT and SST on several indices of outcome in psychotic patients. Fifty-eight patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: CCT or SST. Changes in cognitive, psychopathological and psychosocial indices after 6 and 12 months were compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter both 6 and 12 months, an improvement of psychosocial indices was observed in both groups, while cognitive functions improved only after CCT; the improvement of psychopathological indices, observed in both groups, was greater in the CCT group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CCT is associated with a greater impact than SST on different indices of outcome in psychotic patients. Future research should focus on possible synergistic effects of cognitive remediation and social skills training on functional outcome.
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Schäfer I, Burns T, Fleischhacker WW, Galderisi S, Rybakowski JK, Libiger J, Rössler W, Molodynski A, Edlinger M, Piegari G, Hrnčiarova J, Gorna K, Jaeger M, Fett AK, Hissbach J, Naber D. Attitudes of patients with schizophrenia and depression to psychiatric research: a study in seven European countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2011; 46:159-65. [PMID: 20119828 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-010-0181-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively few studies have examined how patients with schizophrenia and depression view psychiatric research and what influences their readiness to participate. METHODS A total of 763 patients (48% schizophrenia, 52% depression) from 7 European countries were examined using a specifically designed self-report questionnaire ["Hamburg Attitudes to Psychiatric Research Questionnaire" (HAPRQ)]. RESULTS Most patients (98%) approved of psychiatric research, in general, at least "a little". There was a tendency to approve psychosocial rather than biological research topics (e.g. research on the role of the family by 91% of patients compared to 79% in genetics). Reasons to participate were mainly altruistic. Only a minority (28%) considered monetary incentives important. Patients wanted extensive background information and a feedback of the results; both were significantly more expressed by schizophrenia as compared to depressive patients, although these findings need to be interpreted with care because of age and gender differences between the diagnostic groups. CONCLUSION While patients expressed discerning views of psychiatric research, only few differences were apparent between the two diagnostic groups. Patients' research priorities are not the same as those of many professionals and funding bodies. Their demonstrated critical appraisal should inform future research ensuring an increased patient role in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Piegari G, Bucci P, Ardizio E, De Simone S, De Riso F, Mucci A, Galderisi S. P03-107 - Clinical remission, cognitive functions and functional outcome in schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(10)71076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Volpe U, Avolio D, Capuano M, Bucci P, Piegari G, Campana T, Mucci A, Galderisi S. P03-148 - Psychosocial functioning in remitted and non-remitted schizophrenic patients. Eur Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(10)71117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mucci A, Piegari G, Galderisi S. Cognitive-enhancing effects of aripiprazole: a case report. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2008; 4:24. [PMID: 18959801 PMCID: PMC2583964 DOI: 10.1186/1745-0179-4-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia often present mild to severe cognitive deficits which contribute to their social disability. Second-generation antipsychotics have shown only mild to moderate beneficial effects on cognition. The present case report suggests cognitive enhancing effects of aripiprazole, a dopamine partial agonist, shown to increase dopamine release in prefrontal cortex in animal studies. The patient was in his first-episode of schizophrenia, and had no previous exposure to first-generation antipsychotics. Before schizophrenia onset his cognitive functioning was poor and he could not attend regular courses to reach his high school degree; he started but was not able to attend the University courses for several years. After schizophrenia onset, he was treated, in sequence, with olanzapine, amisulpride and aripiprazole. During treatment with the first two second-generation antipsychotics, positive symptoms markedly improved while cognitive functioning remained poor. During treatment with aripiprazole, clinical remission was obtained and the patient was able to attend university courses and pass several examinations. Social functioning was markedly improved. Aripiprazole demonstrated cognitive enhancing effects in this patient. These effects were long-lasting and paralleled by a positive impact on social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armida Mucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Piegari G, Galderisi S, Mucci A, Acerra A, Luciano L, Santucci F, Volpe M, Valente A, Rabasca A, Mastantuono P, Maj M. Social skills and neurocognitive individualized training in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive impairment, more often involving memory and/or executive functions, has been reported in obsessive-compulsive (OC) patients. The present study aimed at: i) replicating, in an independent sample, previous findings by our group showing neurocognitive slowness limited to executive tasks; ii) assessing the influence of deficit in general cognitive abilities on executive dysfunction. METHOD A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered to 30 drug-free OC patients and 30 healthy controls. RESULTS Obsessive-compulsive patients performed worse on visuospatial tests, were slower on executive tasks, and performed worse on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. After covarying for Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised performance Intellectual Quotient, a lesser degree of executive dysfunction was observed. CONCLUSION Obsessive-compulsive patients exhibit an impairment of executive functions, especially when tasks also require visuospatial abilities. The impairment might reflect a hyperactivity of the executive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy.
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Piegari G, Mucci A, Garramone S, Maddalena F, Capuano M, Galderisi S, Maj M. Contributions of psychopatology and cognitive impairment to social functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Galderisi S, Piegari G, Mucci A, Acerra A, Luciano L, Rabasca A, Valente A, Volpe M, Maj M. Social skills training and computerized cognitive training in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Galderisi S, Mucci A, Monteleone P, Sorrentino D, Piegari G, Maj M. Neurocognitive functioning in subjects with eating disorders: the influence of neuroactive steroids. Biol Psychiatry 2003; 53:921-7. [PMID: 12742680 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychological studies in subjects with eating disorders (EDs) have reported conflicting findings, which might be accounted for by several confounding variables, including neuroendocrine changes. METHODS General abilities, executive functions, attention, and noneffortful learning were assessed in 45 patients with EDs and 45 healthy comparison subjects (HCS). Plasma levels of 17beta-estradiol, cortisol, allopregnanolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate metabolite (DHEA and DHEAS) were evaluated in a subsample of patients and HCS. The influence of clinical, demographic, and neuroendocrine variables on neurocognitive performance was explored. RESULTS Patients were slower than HCS on noneffortful learning and more accurate on a spatial executive task. DHEA and DHEAS were increased and positively correlated with accuracy on the executive task, while cortisol positively correlated with speed of noneffortful learning. CONCLUSIONS A subtle impairment of noneffortful learning is the only neuropsychological deficit in patients with EDs. Changes in neuroactive steroids influence neurocognitive performance.
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