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Melgar ORA, Silva RR, da Silva FF, Santos LV, Lima ACR, Machado SLM, Dueñez WYS, da Conceição Santos M, Devia DCC, Paixão TR, Silva JWD, Da Costa GD, de Carvalho GGP. Finishing of grazing crossbred steers supplemented with detoxified castor bean meal (Ricinus communis L.) in the rainy-dry transition period. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:111. [PMID: 38520485 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated levels of replacement of soybean meal by castor bean meal in the finishing crossbred steers on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture during the rainy-dry transition period. Forty Holstein-Zebu crossbred steers with an average initial weight of 395.93 ± 10 kg were randomly allocated to four treatment groups that were supplemented with concentrate levels of replacing (0, 290, 613, and 903 g/kg DM of the supplement; at 0.4% body weight [BW]). The experimental period was 120 days. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted; with regression analysis using the computational software package (SAS 9.2, USA). Intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM) and nutrients and animal performance were evaluated. The replacement levels did not influence (P > 0.05) the intakes of DM (kg/day), organic matter (OM, kg/day), neutral detergent fiber (NDF, kg/day and %BW), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC, kg/day), or total digestible nutrients (kg/day). However, the intake of crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE, kg/day) decreased as the replacement levels were increased (P < 0.05). The digestibility of DM, OM, NDF, and EE did not change, whereas CP digestibility decreased linearly and NFC digestibility increased linearly (P < 0.05). The replacement levels did not affect (P > 0.05) final body weight, average daily gain, feed conversion, and carcass yield. Castor bean meal can replace up to 903 g/kg DM of soybean meal in the composition of the supplement without compromising the performance of steers on Marandu pasture during the rainy-dry transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Ronaldo Aguilar Melgar
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Robério Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Laize Viera Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Ribeiro Lima
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Silvia Layse Mendes Machado
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Marceliana da Conceição Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Tarcísio Ribeiro Paixão
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - João Williams Dias Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Dallapicola Da Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Juvino Oliveira Campus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
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Machado SLM, da Silva FF, Carvalho GGPD, Santos LV, Silva JWD, Paixão TR, Vieira VA, Silva APGD, da Conceição Santos M, Lima Júnior DMD, Silva RR. Detoxified castor seed meal replaces soybean meal in the supplement for Holstein-Zebu crossbred steers finished on tropical pasture during the rainy season. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:364. [PMID: 37857872 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with detoxified castor seed meal (DCM) on the intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, and performance of pasture-finished (rainy season) steers supplemented with concentrate at 0.4% of their body weight. Forty ½ Holstein + ½ Zebu steers (initial weight: 283.3 ± 36.3 kg) were allocated to four treatments in a completely randomized experimental design. Treatments consisted of diets in which DCM replaced 0, 30, 60, and 90% of SBM in the supplement dry matter (DM). The steers were finished on an Urochloa brizantha pasture and the experiment lasted 112 days. Replacing SBM with DCM did not influence (P > 0.05) the intake or apparent digestibility of DM, crude protein, or neutral detergent insoluble fiber of the animals. Grazing time increased (P < 005), whereas the intake and rumination efficiencies of the steers did not change (P > 0.05) with the substitution. The replacement of SBM with DCM in the supplement fed to the steers also did not influence (P > 0.05) their final weight, average daily gain, or feed conversion (P > 0.05). We recommend replacing up to 90% (DM basis) of SBM with DCM in the concentrate supplement of steers grazing on Urochloa brizantha pasture during rainy season while supplemented with concentrate at 0.4% of their body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Layse Mendes Machado
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Ferreira da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | - Laize Vieira Santos
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - João Wilian Dias Silva
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Ribeiro Paixão
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Alexandre Vieira
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gomes da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | - Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Árido, Francisco Mota Street, Costa E Silva, Mossoró, Rio Grande Do Norte, 59625-900, Brazil.
| | - Robério Rodrigues Silva
- Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Primavera Square, Primavera, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
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Bezerra HFC, Santos EM, de Carvalho GGP, de Oliveira JS, da Silva FF, Cassuce MR, Guerra RR, Pereira DM, Ferreira DDJ, Nascimento TVC, Zanine ADM. Metabolic profile of goats fed diets containing crude glycerin from biodiesel production. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1236542. [PMID: 37727773 PMCID: PMC10505958 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1236542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Feedlot finishing of goats is a growing practice, but the economic viability of this technology is compromised by the inclusion of ingredients such as corn and soybean. An alternative to minimize this barrier is the use of agroindustry coproducts as substitutes for those ingredients, such as crude glycerol. This study aimed to evaluated the metabolism of crossbred Boer finishing goats fed diets containing crude glycerin from biodiesel production. Thirty-two crossbred, castrated goat of age were distributed in a fully randomized experimental design with four treatments and eight replicates. The experiment lasted 69 days, and goats were fed sorghum silage and concentrate, with the inclusion of crude glycerin in the diet at levels of 0, 50, 100, and 150 g/kg on a dry matter basis. The diets did not have an effect (p > 0.05) on the serum urea levels. Increasing dietary crude glycerin levels did not the influence the metabolic or urinary profiles (p > 0.05). The liver tissue of the goats fed diets containing the highest crude glycerin inclusion levels showed deleterious effects. The inclusion of crude glycerin with approximately 6.6 g/kg methanol caused deleterious effects to the liver tissue of Boer crossbred goats as the glycerin concentrations increased. However, glycerin levels did not cause deleterious effects on the liver tissue or on the serum or urinary profiles. The use of crude glycerin with lower methanol content is recommended for goat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Meiry Rodrigues Cassuce
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Romão Guerra
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Danillo Marte Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Maranhão, Chapadinha, Maranhão, Brazil
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Andrade WR, de Paula Machado TJVMO, David GSS, Pires AJV, de Carvalho GGP, Dos Santos Guimarães Martins SC, de Sousa LCO. Inclusion of calcium oxide in sugarcane silage under different particle sizes on performance of dairy cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:187. [PMID: 37131041 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate voluntary intake, apparent digestibility, performance, and nitrogen balance of dairy cows fed sugarcane silage under different particle sizes treated or not with calcium oxide (CaO). Eight F1 Holstein/Zebu cows, with body weight of 521.5 ± 55.17 kg, and 60 ± 10 days in milk were used, distributed into two simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares. The treatments were composed of sugarcane into two particle sizes (15 and 30 mm) with and without the addition of CaO (10 g/kg of natural matter), being the treatments compared according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Data were analyzed by the MIXED procedure of SAS. The intake of dry matter (13.05 kg/day), crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and neutral detergent fiber was not modified (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of the calcium oxide, nor by particles size and interaction among both. However, there was interaction between CaO and particle size on dry matter digestibility (P = 0.002), being that the CaO was effective in promoting greater DM digestibility in silages with larger particle size. The milk yield and composition were also not affected by the diets (P > 0.05), similarly for nitrogen balance (P > 0.05). The addition of CaO to sugarcane silage with different particle sizes (15 and 30 mm) does not affect the milk yield and composition of dairy cows, nor the nitrogen balance. However, when CaO is added to the sugarcane silage under larger particle sizes, there are benefits in DM digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weudes Rodrigues Andrade
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Santos Souza David
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Aureliano José Vieira Pires
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
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Salt MPF, da Silva FF, de Carvalho GGP, Santos LV, de Souza SO, Vieira VA, Paixão TR, Silva JWD, de Lima Júnior DM, Silva RR. Inclusion of palm kernel cake in the supplement reduces nutrient digestibility but does not interfere with the performance of steers finished on tropical pasture. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:406. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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de Souza TC, de Souza TC, da Cruz VAR, Mourão GB, Pedrosa VB, Rovadoscki GA, Coutinho LL, de Camargo GMF, Costa RB, de Carvalho GGP, Pinto LFB. Estimates of heritability and candidate genes for primal cuts and dressing percentage in Santa Ines sheep. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guimarães GS, Azevedo JAG, Cairo FC, da Silva CS, Souza LL, dos Santos Nunes F, de Carvalho GGP, de Araújo GGL, Silva RR. Proportions of concentrate and rehydrated ground grain corn silage at different storage times for better use of starch by lambs. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:297. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Silva MLF, de Carvalho GGP, da Silva FF, Santos LV, Santos MDC, da Silva APG, Danieleto AS, Mandinga TDCS, Paixão TR, de Lima Júnior DM, Silva RR. Effect of dietary inclusion of licuri cake on intake, feeding behavior, and performance of feedlot cull cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:262. [PMID: 35953733 PMCID: PMC9371959 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Licuri cake (LC) is an interesting alternative nutritional component for high-grain diets for ruminants due to its high protein (21.6% CP), fat (12.0% EE), and fiber (62.8% NDF) contents. We investigated the effect of increasing levels of LC inclusion on the intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, performance, and carcass traits of cull cows fed high-grain diets. Forty Zebu cows with an initial weight of 318 ± 38.1 kg, at 105 months of age, were confined in collective stalls and fed (ad libitum) a diet containing 0, 50, 100, or 150 g/kg LC on a diet dry matter (DM) basis. Licuri cake inclusion induced quadratic responses (P < 0.05) in the intakes of DM (9.57 kg/day at 97.8 g/kg LC), crude protein (CP; 1.02 kg/day at 91.7 g/kg LC), and total digestible nutrients (6.68 kg/day at 75.2 g/kg LC). The digestibility of DM, CP, and non-fibrous carbohydrates decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake and rumination efficiencies increased linearly (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of LC in the diet. The inclusion of LC did not influence (P > 0.05) on daily weight gain, hot carcass weight, or back fat thickness in the carcass. Therefore, we recommend the inclusion of up to 150 g/kg LC in high-grain diets for feedlot cull cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior
- Department of Animal Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, 59625-900, Brazil.
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Almeida Matos LH, Santos Rodrigues C, Dos Santos Pina D, Leite VM, Aguiar Silva P, De Jesus Pereira TC, Pinto de Carvalho GG. Disponibilidad de forraje en praderas de pasto Xaraés en respuesta a fuentes de nitrógeno convencionales y tratadas con N-(n-butil) triamida tiofosfórica (NBPT). REV MEX CIENC PECU 2022. [DOI: 10.22319/rmcp.v13i3.6022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), a urease inhibitor, has been reported as one of the most promising compounds to reduce losses by volatilization, and to maximize the use of urea nitrogen (N) in agricultural systems. A field study was carried out to examine urease inhibitors' potential about volumetric density and forage mass grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) to N application. The experiment was carried out from September 2017 to September 2018. The experimental design used was complete randomized blocks in the 3×2×4 factorial array, considering: three periods of the year (wet season, dry season, and the transition), two sources of urea (conventional urea and NBPT–treated urea), and four N rates (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg N ha-1 yr-1), replicated three times. Nitrogen sources promoted a positive effect (P<0.0001) on bulk density, forage mass, and in the grazing stratum during the wet season and the transition season, with increasing N rates in pastures. The leaf: stem ratio decreased linearly (P<0.0045) as increased N rates, and the higher ratio during the wet season and lower in the dry season of the year. For the rates of 80 kg N ha-1 yr-1, there was a significant difference (P=0.0042) between sources, with greater (P=0.0006) forage mass of 0–30 cm, post-grazing forage mass (P=0.0042) and forage volumetric density (P=0.0006), when utilized the conventional urea. The application of N, regardless of the source, provides an increase in forage mass and volumetric density in Xaraés grass pastures up to a dose of 240 kg N ha-1 yr-1, in the transition season and wet season.
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Rocha WJB, Silva RR, da Silva FF, de Carvalho GGP, da Silva APG, Silva JWD, Santos LV, Filho GA, Bastos ES, Carvalho VM, da Conceição Santos M, Pereira MMS. Ingestive behavior of Girolando steers supplemented on tropical pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:205. [PMID: 35676446 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the feeding behavior of Girolando steers on Brachiaria brizantha cultivar Marandu pastures. Twenty-two animals with an average initial weight of 209.09 ± 8.18 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (three seasons and two nutritional plans (NP)) with 11 replicates, as follows: rainy season 1 (NP1, mineral mixture ad libitum, and NP2, nitrogen/energy supplement [2 g.kg‒1 body weight [BW]]); dry season (NP1, nitrogen/energy supplement [1 g.kg‒1 BW], and NP2, nitrogen/energy supplement [2 g.kg‒1 BW]); and rainy season 2 (NP1, mineral mixture ad libitum, and NP2, nitrogen/energy supplement ([1 g.kg‒1 BW]). Total chewing time was longer in NP1 (566.44 vs 528.33 min.day‒1 in NP2) (p < 0.05). The grazing, idle, trough, and total chewing times were affected by the interaction between nutritional plans and seasons. The period expended grazing was longer for the NP1. The idle time was affected by the nutritional plans and was lower for the NP1. Feeding at the trough was not affected by the nutritional plans. The animals of the NP2 showed the highest feed efficiencies in DM and NDF (0.91 and 0.52 vs 0.75 and 0.45 in NP1, respectively). Rainy season 2 had the highest efficiencies. The feeding behavior changes according to the supplementation level. Nutritional plan 2 in the second rainy season presented the best results.
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Lins TOJD'A, Silva RR, Mendes FBL, da Silva FF, Bastos ES, Paixão TR, Silva JWD, da Conceição Santos M, Figueiredo GC, Alba HDR, de Carvalho GGP. Feeding behavior of post-weaned crossbred steers supplemented in the dry season of the year. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:203. [PMID: 35676383 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior of grazing steers supplemented in the dry season of the year. Thirty-two castrated crossbred (½ Holstein-Zebu) steers with an average initial weight of 378 ± 7.54 kg, aged 14 months, were distributed into four treatment groups in a completely randomized design with eight replicates. The animals were managed in an area covered with a pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, in a rotational grazing system. The supplement was formulated so that the animals in the different treatment groups would ingest the same amount of crude protein (CP) daily. Thus, the treatments consisted of increasing levels of supplementation, based on the animals' body weight (BW), as the protein content of the supplement was reduced. The following treatments (dry matter basis) were tested: T2, supplement at 0.2% BW, with 50% CP; T4, supplement at 0.4% BW, with 25% CP; T6, supplement at 0.6% BW, with 16.67% CP; and T8, supplement at 0.8% BW, with 12.5% CP. Forage dry matter intake decreased linearly (P < 0.05), characterizing a substitution effect. The increasing supplementation levels influenced the animals' feeding behavior, especially grazing time, total feeding time, number of grazing bouts, and number of bites per day, which showed a positive quadratic response (P < 0.05), and rumination time, number of rumination bouts, number of cuds ruminated per day, and number of chews per ruminated cud, which exhibited a negative quadratic behavior (P < 0.05). Dry matter and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) feed efficiencies and dry matter and NDF rumination efficiencies responded quadratically (P < 0.05). In conclusion, concentrate supplementation at up to 0.8% BW improves the feeding behavior of grazing steers in terms of the intake of concentrate supplement and forage as well as the feed and rumination efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robério Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Everton Santos Bastos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Ribeiro Paixão
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - João Wilian Dias Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Chaves Figueiredo
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-110, Brazil
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Silva WP, Santos SA, Cirne LGA, Dos Santos Pina D, Alba HDR, de Carvalho Rodrigues TCG, de Araújo MLGML, Galvão JM, de Oliveira Nascimento C, Rodrigues CS, de Carvalho GGP. Nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, nitrogen balance, and performance of feedlot goat kids fed high-concentrate diets containing licury cake (Syagrus coronata). Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:131. [PMID: 35260924 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The current trial was carried out to evaluate the impacts of adding licury cake (Syagrus coronata) in high-concentrate diets for goat kids feedlot-finished on growth performance and metabolic parameters. Forty crossbred non-castrated Boer goat kids with approximately four months and similar initial live weights (20.15 ± 2.79 kg). The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized, with four diets (0, 10, 20, and 30% of licury cake inclusion in a dry matter basis (DM)). Licury cake inclusion decreased nutrient intake and digestibility (P < 0.05). Times spent in feeding (P < 0.001) and rumination (P = 0.003) activities, number of events in feeding (P < 0.001) and idling (P = 0.015) increased, whereas a linear reduction occurred in feeding and rumination efficiencies of DM and neutral detergent fiber (P < 0.001). Nitrogen (N) intake, retained N (P < 0.001), triglycerides concentrations (P = 0.002), aspartate-aminotransferase, alanine-aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase decreased with the licury cake inclusion (P < 0.05). Final body weight (P = 0.008), average daily gain (P = 0.001), and total weight gain (P = 0.001) decreased linearly when licury cake was included in diets. High-concentrate diets containing increasing levels of licury cake decrease intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients and performance when supplied for goat kids feedlot-finished. Therefore, the inclusion of the studied levels of licury cake in goat kids fed high-concentrate diets is not recommended for feedlot-finished systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Pereira Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40.170-110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, 68.035-110, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40.170-110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40.170-110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jocasta Meira Galvão
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40.170-110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Dutra PA, Pinto LFB, Cardoso-Neto BM, Mendes CS, Pinheiro AM, Barbosa LP, de Jesus Pereira TC, de Carvalho GGP. Flaxseed added to the diet of Alpine goats affects the nutrients intake and blood parameters. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:104. [PMID: 35165796 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The flaxseed is a nutraceutical food used as a source of α-linolenic acid, which can bring benefits to the health of mammals. This study was carried out to examine the effect of flaxseed inclusion in the diets on the intake of nutrients, body weight, and blood parameters of Alpine goats. Twenty-one adult females with an initial average weight of 41.06 ± 1.84 kg were used in a completely randomized design, with four experimental treatments (0, 5, 10, and 15% of flaxseed in the total diet) and five replications per treatment. The intake of the dry matter presented a decreasing linear effect (P < 0.001), with a reduction of 53.5% between the control diet (0% of flaxseed) and 15% of flaxseed, but no effect was observed on weight gain (P > 0.05). Inclusion of flaxseed from 0 to 15% linearly decreased the intakes of organic matter, crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and neutral detergent fiber, but increased the ether extract intake (P < 0.001). Regarding plasma concentration traits, increasing the flaxseed levels from 0 to 15% had linear positive effect on LDL, VLDL, and triglycerides (P < 0.05), but no effect on cholesterol, HDL, glucose, creatinine, and urea (P > 0.05). The inclusion of flaxseed in the diet for 80 days changes the nutrients intake and blood parameters but shows no impact on body weight. However, further studies are required to determine the impact of flaxseed on the goat's health in the long term since there has been an increase in the concentration of triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Alves Dutra
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zipcode 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Batista Pinto
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zipcode 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Bianor Matias Cardoso-Neto
- Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 710 Rui Barbosa Street, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Zipcode 44380-000, Brazil
| | - Claudineia Silva Mendes
- Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 710 Rui Barbosa Street, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Zipcode 44380-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro
- Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 710 Rui Barbosa Street, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Zipcode 44380-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Pires Barbosa
- Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 710 Rui Barbosa Street, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Zipcode 44380-000, Brazil
| | - Taiala Cristina de Jesus Pereira
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zipcode 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zipcode 40170-110, Brazil.
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Filho GA, Silva RR, da Silva FF, da Silva APG, Paixão TP, de Souza SO, de Melo Lisboa M, Barroso DS, Silva JWD, Alba HDR, de Carvalho GGP. Effects of replacing ground corn with Nopalea cochenillifera meal on the intake, performance, and economic viability of grazing steers. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:35. [PMID: 34988685 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-03029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing different levels of spineless-cactus meal instead of ground corn on supplements for crossbred steers grazing in Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandú pastures. Forty crossbred steers with an average body weight (BW) of 261 ± 7.46 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. In supplements, the ground corn grain was substituted with 0%, 30%, 60%, and 90% spineless-cactus meal. The substitution of spineless-cactus meal instead ground corn promoted a linear decrease in the ether extract (EE; P = 0.03) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC; P < 0.01) intakes. The apparent digestibility of EE was influenced (P < 0.05) showing a linear decrease. The apparent digestibility of NFC had a quadratic effect (P = 0.03). For the neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein, the apparent digestibility increased linearly (P = 0.01). The average daily gain showed a quadratic effect (P < 0.01), with a maximum response estimated at 44.94% (1055.52 g/day) substitution with spineless-cactus meal for ground corn. The cost per animal per period and the cost per hectare decreased linearly (P < 0.01). The revenue, net revenue, exchange rate, and monthly revenue of the activity showed quadratic responses to the spineless-cactus meal supplements (P < 0.01), with maximum effects at 44.99%, 47.46%, 61.25%, and 57.35%, respectively. The substitution with up to 44.94% of spineless-cactus meal for ground corn provided daily gains, increased the feed conversion, and was favorable as a cost to the production system. Moreover, the profitability increased with maximum animal performance and improved use of fiber from pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Abreu Filho
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Robério Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gomes da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Pereira Paixão
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Sinvaldo Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Mateus de Melo Lisboa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele Soares Barroso
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - João Wilian Dias Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-110, Brazil
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da Silva LAS, Santos SA, de Carvalho GGP, Leite LC, Dos Santos Pina D, de Oliveira Nascimento C, Mariz LDS. Diurnal variations and time to reach steady state of external markers used to estimate fecal excretion in sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:539. [PMID: 34761279 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We executed two studies to investigate time to reach steady state (EXP1) and diurnal variations (EXP 2) of markers, in order to recommend spot fecal sampling in sheep. Eight lambs were used in EXP 1. Each animal has received titanium dioxide (TDOX) and chromium oxide (COX) together during two periods of 15 days. Thirty sheep of the Santa Ines breed were used in EXP 2. Fecal samples were taken with 2-h intervals in the last 5 days of each period, simultaneously to total feces collection. A sine-cosine model was used to evaluate EXP 2, and broken-line model for EXP 1. TDOX could complete its recovery after 2.3 days, and it could accurately promote fecal estimates after 3 days of marker infusion. COX could stabilize after 4.1 days, and it could promote fecal estimates after 5 days. However, estimated fecal excretion became similar to total feces output after 3 days for TDOX and after 6 days for COX. For both markers, a total 6 days of adaptation period could be summed to a 3-day collection period. Spot sampling was similar to total fecal output at 6:00 to 8:00 on morning and between 5:00 and 7:00 on afternoon for TDOX. Also, COX could be sampled at 6:00 to 8:00 on morning and between 5:00 and 7:00 on afternoon. External markers could be evaluated from 3-day fecal spot collection. Fecal collections could be made before the morning feeding, and around 6 p.m. for both markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Andrade Sande da Silva
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zip code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Stefanie Alvarenga Santos
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zip code 40170-110, Brazil.
| | - Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zip code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Laudi Cunha Leite
- Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Rui Barbosa Street, 710, Center, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Zip code 44380-000, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zip code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Camila de Oliveira Nascimento
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Zip code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Lays Débora Silva Mariz
- Centre of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Mister Hull Avenue, Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Zip code 60455-760, Brazil
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de Souza TC, de Souza TC, Mourão GB, Lehmann Coutinho L, Rovadoscki GA, Pedrosa VB, Costa RB, de Camargo GMF, de Carvalho GGP, Pinto LFB. Genome-wide association for plasma albumin concentration in sheep. Anim Genet 2021; 52:898-900. [PMID: 34590327 DOI: 10.1111/age.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiana Cortez de Souza
- Federal University of Bahia - 500, Av. Adhemar de Barros, Salvador, BA, 40170110, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Victor Breno Pedrosa
- State University of Ponta Grossa - 4748, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030900, Brazil
| | - Raphael Bermal Costa
- Federal University of Bahia - 500, Av. Adhemar de Barros, Salvador, BA, 40170110, Brazil
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de Assis DYC, de Oliveira FA, Santos EM, de Gouvêa AAL, de Carvalho BMA, Nascimento CDO, Cirne LGA, Pina DDS, Pires AJV, Alba HDR, de Carvalho GGP. Carcass and meat traits of goats fed diets containing cottonseed cake. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:395-403. [PMID: 34584941 PMCID: PMC8461555 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-395-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cottonseed cake has the necessary nutritional characteristics
to be able to substitute the traditional ingredients (such as soybean meal)
and reduce the costs of the diet. However, it is necessary to determine the
best level of inclusion of cottonseed cake in the diets of fattening goats
to improve meat production and quality. The objective of this study was to
evaluate carcass and meat traits of feedlot goats fed diets containing
cottonseed cake replacing soybean meal (33 %, 66 % and 100 %). Thirty-two
uncastrated Boer crossbred goats (4 months old, 16 ± 2 kg initial body
weight) were used in a completely randomized experimental design. Replacing
soybean meal with cottonseed did not compromise (P>0.05)
slaughter weight, carcass traits (dressing percentage, loin-eye area and
back-fat thickness), primal cuts or carcass morphometric measurements;
moisture, protein, or total lipid contents of meat; or the physicochemical
traits of color (L*, a* and b* coordinates), pH, shear force, and cooking
loss. However, there was a reduction (P=0.001) in the mineral matter
content (from 1.08 % to 0.97 %) and an increase (P=0.006) in the
cholesterol content (from 50.85 to 70.55 mg/100 g of meat) of the meat as
the dietary levels of cottonseed cake were increased. Based on the results
of production and meat quality, we recommend using cottonseed cake as an
alternative protein source to replace up to 100 % of soybean meal in
feedlot goat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Paraíba, Code 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Alice Lima de Gouvêa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luís Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Pará, Code 68035-110, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Aureliano José Vieira Pires
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, Code 45700-000, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
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de Carvalho Rodrigues TCG, Santos SA, Cirne LGA, Dos Santos Pina D, Alba HDR, de Araújo MLGML, Silva WP, de Oliveira Nascimento C, Rodrigues CS, Tosto MSL, de Carvalho GGP. Palm kernel cake in high-concentrate diets for feedlot goat kids: nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, nitrogen balance, blood metabolites, and performance. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:454. [PMID: 34536113 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of including palm kernel cake (PKC) in high-concentrate diets for feedlot goat kids on nutrient intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, nitrogen balance, blood metabolites, and performance. Thirty-two castrated crossbred Boer × mixed breed goat kids with an average age of 4 months and an initial body weight of 19.65 ± 3.00 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design. The diets included one of four levels (0, 12, 24, and 36%) of PKC on a total dry matter basis. The PKC inclusion in the diets promoted quadratic effects in the nutrient intakes (P ≤ 0.05). The digestibility of ether extract increased (P = 0.010), whereas the digestibility of non-fibrous carbohydrates decreased (P = 0.017) with the inclusion of PKC. Palm kernel cake inclusion promoted a quadratic effect on the time spent per episode feeding and decreased the times spent idling and ruminated bolus per day (P ≤ 0.05). The ingested and retained nitrogen decreased with the inclusion of PKC (P ≤ 0.05). The inclusion of PKC in the diets had quadratic effects in the cholesterol concentrations, albumin (A), globulin (G), A:G ratio, and gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme activity (P ≤ 0.05). The PKC inclusion promoted a quadratic increase in total weight gain (P = 0.026), with the highest value achieved at the inclusion level of 11.68%. The inclusion of up to 12% PKC in high-concentrate diets increases the intake and growth performance without compromising the digestibility of nutrients and feed efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, Santarém, Pará, 035-110, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 170-110, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 170-110, Brazil
| | | | - Willian Pereira Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 170-110, Brazil
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Viana PT, de Carvalho GGP, Viana MCP, de Assis DYC, de Figueiredo MP, Cirne LGA, Figueredo JS, Sousa LS, de Santana Júnior HA, Pina DDS, Alba HDR. Effect of high-concentrate diets with calcium lignosulfonate and cottonseed processing method on quantitative traits and non-carcass components of feedlot cull ewes. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:355-363. [PMID: 34514082 PMCID: PMC8428082 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-355-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of cottonseed processing form and
the inclusion of calcium lignosulfonate in high-concentrate diets for
feedlot cull ewes on carcass traits and non-carcass components. Thirty Santa
Inês cull ewes with an average body weight of 44.2 ± 5.2 kg and an
average age of 50 months were distributed into collective stalls in a
completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of diets including
whole cottonseed, crushed cottonseed, whole cottonseed treated with
lignosulfonate (100 g/kg, as fed), crushed cottonseed treated with
lignosulfonate (100 g/kg, as fed), and a control diet without cottonseed.
The experimental diets did not influence (P>0.05) average daily
weight gain (0.195 kg/day), slaughter weight (51.74 kg), or in vivo biometric and
on-carcass measurements. There was no difference (P>0.05) in
loin-eye area or subcutaneous fat thickness as evaluated in vivo by ultrasound.
There was no diet effect on hot carcass weight and yield (24.8 kg and
47.8 %), cold carcass weight and yield (24.2 kg and 46.8 %), or chilling
loss (2.1 %). Non-carcass components did not differ in response to the
diets (P>0.05). Dietary inclusion of calcium lignosulfonate
increases the proportions of udder and liver relative to empty body weight
(P<0.05). Neither the cottonseed processing method nor the
inclusion of calcium lignosulfonate in high-concentrate diets for cull ewes
affects their performance, biometric or morphometric measurements,
non-carcass components, or qualitative traits of their carcass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Teixeira Viana
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, Code 45700-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Luís Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Bahia, Code 68035-110, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Santos Sousa
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Code 45029-066, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Code 40170-110, Brazil
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Santos ACPD, Santos EM, Carvalho GGPD, Pinto LFB, Pina DS, Perazzo AF, Oliveira JSD, Mourão GB, Nascimento TVC, Cruz GFDL. Productive and metabolic parameters, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs fed sorghum silage treated with urea and Lactobacillus buchneri. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tosto MSL, de Araújo GGL, Pereira LGR, de Carvalho GGP, Di Mambro Ribeiro CV, Cirne LGA. Intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and performance of crossbreed Boer goats fed with diets containing saltbush (Atriplex nummularia L.) and spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica). Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:361. [PMID: 34137916 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Saltbush and spineless cactus are adapted to arid and semiarid regions and used as an important forage resource in ruminants' diet. However, spineless cactus restricts production due to its low crude protein and NDF levels and high salt and oxalate contents, which can limit the digestibility and intake of dietary nutrients. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the best ratio levels of saltbush associated with spineless cactus in diets for crossbreed Boer goats through ingestion, water balance, digestibility, nitrogen balance, growth and carcass weight. Twenty-four castrated crossbred Boer (Boer × Brazilian native) goats 6 months of age and average body weight of 20.28 kg were utilized. The animals were weighed and distributed in randomized blocks in four experimental diets with saltbush of 8.4, 18.8, 31.2 and 48.3%. The addition of saltbush hay promoted quadratic behaviour (P < 0.05) in intake of dry matter and nutrients. There was no effect (P < 0.05) from the addition of saltbush hay on the digestibility of organic matter, total carbohydrates, non-fibrous carbohydrates and neutral detergent fibre, whereas there was an increase in dry matter. The crude protein digestibility behaved quadratically (P = 0.06), where the maximum digestibility was obtained with the addition of 31.2% of hay. The balance and net nitrogen utilization presented a quadratic effect (P < 0.01). Saltbush in rations for goats presented promising results, the growth rate (0.15 kg/day) obtained in diet with a lower proportion of saltbush, would satisfy smallholders when considering that this species, associated with spineless cactus, may reduce the use of concentrate feeds; however, the diet with 31.2% of saltbush hay provided the biggest gain in body and carcass weight of the goats.
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Delfino NC, Silva RDGE, Alba HDR, Oliveira MXDS, Carvalho GGPD, Araújo MLGMLD, Pina DDS, Freitas Júnior JED. Milk yield and composition, blood, and urinary parameters of Murrah buffaloes in different maturity stages during the transition period and early lactation. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.1940188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Carvalho Delfino
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Diniz Guerra e Silva
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Douglas dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - José Esler de Freitas Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
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23
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Santos SA, de Carvalho GGP, Azevêdo JAG, Zanetti D, Santos EM, Pereira MLA, Pereira ES, Pires AJV, Valadares Filho SDC, Teixeira IAMDA, Tosto MSL, Leite LC, Mariz LDS. Metabolizable Protein: 1. Predicting Equations to Estimate Microbial Crude Protein Synthesis in Small Ruminants. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:650248. [PMID: 34179156 PMCID: PMC8222605 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.650248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial crude protein (MCP) produced in rumen could be estimated by a variety of protocols of experimental sampling and analysis. However, a model to estimate this value is necessary when protein requirements are calculated for small ruminants. This model could be useful to calculate rumen degradable protein (RDP) requirements from metabolizable protein (MP). Then, our objective was to investigate if there is a difference in MCP efficiency between sheep and goats, and to fit equations to predict ruminal MCP production from dietary energy intake. The database consisted of 19 studies with goats (n = 176) and sheep (n = 316), and the variables MCP synthesis (g/day), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and organic matter (OM) intakes (g/day), and OM digestibility (g/kg DM) were registered for both species. The database was used for two different purposes, where 70% of the values were sorted to fit equations, and 30% for validation. A meta-analytical procedure was carried out using the MIXED procedure of SAS, specie was considered as the fixed dummy effect, and the intercept and slope nested in the study were considered random effects. No effect of specie was observed for the estimation of MCP from TDN, digestible Organic Matter (dOM), or metabolizable energy (ME) intakes (P > 0.05), considering an equation with or without an intercept. Therefore, single models including both species at the same fitting were validated. The following equations MCP (g/day) = 12.7311 + 59.2956 × TDN intake (AIC = 3,004.6); MCP (g/day) = 15.7764 + 62.2612 × dOM intake (AIC = 2,755.1); and MCP (g/day) = 12.7311 + 15.3000 × ME intake (AIC = 3,007.3) presented lower values for the mean square error of prediction (MSEP) and its decomposition, and similar values for the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and for the residual mean square error (RMSE) when compared with equations fitted without an intercept. The intercept and slope pooled test was significant for equations without an intercept (P < 0.05), indicating that observed and predicted data differed. In contrast, predicted and observed data for complete equations were similar (P > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Diego Zanetti
- Department of Animal Science, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, Pouso Alegre, Brazil
| | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Center of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laudi Cunha Leite
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Brazil
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de Souza TC, de Souza TC, Rovadoscki GA, Coutinho LL, Mourão GB, de Camargo GMF, Costa RB, de Carvalho GGP, Pedrosa VB, Pinto LFB. Genome-wide association for plasma urea concentration in sheep. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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de Aragão Bulcão LF, Alba HDR, de Carvalho GGP, de Araújo MLGML, Gandra JR, Ribeiro CVDM, de Freitas Júnior JE. Digestion, ruminal metabolism, and feeding behavior of buffaloes fed diets supplemented with soybean oil, whole and raw soybean, and calcium salts of fatty acids. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:216. [PMID: 33743087 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) sources on the nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and feeding behavior in diets for buffaloes. Four castrated Murrah buffaloes with approximately 24 months of age and an initial average body weight of 351 ± 15 kg were randomly assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment, containing the following diets: (1) control (CON): control diet based on soybean meal and ground corn, (2) soybean oil (SO): dietary inclusion of 2.20% (DM basis), (3) whole raw soybean (WRS): dietary inclusion of 16.0%, and (4) calcium salts of FA (CSFA): dietary inclusion of 2.60%. There was an effect of diets in ether extract intake among buffaloes fed UFA and CON diets, and among buffaloes fed CSFA and WRS diets (P < 0.05). Diets containing UFA sources provided higher EE digestibility (P < 0.05). Buffaloes fed WRS had higher rumen pH values than animals fed the CSFA diet (P < 0.05). Supplementation of UFA sources decreased the molar concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (P < 0.05). Diets influenced the times spent in chewing, idling, and the rumination efficiencies of DM and NDF (P < 0.05). The supplementation with WRS, SO, and CSFA does not negatively affect intake, digestion, ruminal metabolism, and feeding behavior. The WRS as a fat supplement source decreases dietary costs by replacing ground corn and soybean meal simultaneously compared to other fat sources used. Nevertheless, whole and raw soybean in buffaloes' diet can reduce chewing and rumination activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fialho de Aragão Bulcão
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cláudio Vaz Di Mambro Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - José Esler de Freitas Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil.
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Brant LMS, de Carvalho GGP, Pina DDS, de Araújo MLGML, Santos SA, Leite LC, Alba HDR, Bulcão LFDA, da Silva LO, de Freitas Júnior JE. Estimation of ruminal outflow in buffaloes fed diets with different energy and protein sources by use of reticular and omasal sampling. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:201. [PMID: 33687567 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different traditional or alternative energy and protein sources, associated or not, on feeding behavior, ruminal kinetics, and post-ruminal flow of nutrients. Besides, it was assessed diets' effects on different sites (reticulum and omasum) of buffaloes. Four ruminally cannulated male Murrah buffaloes (average initial weight of 637 ± 66.37 kg) were randomly distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were arranged as 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The first factor evaluated was the inclusion of energy sources (ground corn and crude glycerin), and the second factor was the inclusion of protein sources (soybean meal and cottonseed cake). Buffaloes fed cottonseed cake had a higher content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and potentially digestible detergent fiber (pdNDF) in the rumen environment than buffaloes fed soybean meal. There was a sampling site effect on rumen digestion rates of pdNDF, passage rates of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), and pdNDF, and flow of iNDF. In this study, omasal collections were more representative. Total replacement of ground corn by crude glycerin promoted less NDF ruminal digestibility, and care should be taken to include this energy source. The cottonseed cake does not cause a difference in rumen dynamics and can totally replace soybean meal in feedlot buffaloes' diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Maria Santos Brant
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Douglas Dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | | | - Stefanie Alvarenga Santos
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Laudi Cunha Leite
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, Bahia, 44.380-000, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fialho de Aragão Bulcão
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Liliane Oliveira da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - José Esler de Freitas Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil.
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Lima MVG, Pires AJV, da Silva FF, Teixeira FA, de Carvalho Silva Castro Nogueira BR, Rocha LC, da Silva GP, Andrade WR, de Carvalho GGP. Intake, digestibility, milk yield and composition, and ingestive behavior of cows supplemented with byproducts from biodiesel industry. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:169. [PMID: 33595748 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This trial aimed to analyze the effects of including three byproducts from the biodiesel industry on the intake, digestibility, milk yield and composition, and feeding behavior of lactating cows. Eight crossbred Holstein-Zebu lactating cows with average body weight 525 ± 18.5 kg and average milk yield of 8 ± 1.45 kg day-1 were assigned to four treatments (diets) in a double-Latin square design, as follows: a diet based on corn- and soybean meal-based concentrate and three diets with 20% inclusion of byproducts from the biodiesel industry (cottonseed cake, sunflower meal, and castor bean cake) on a total dry matter basis. The cows were housed in individual covered stalls with concrete floor equipped with individual concrete troughs for feeding and automatic drinkers, and fed diets containing 60% sugarcane and 40% concentrate. The inclusion of the byproducts in the diet changed the intake, digestibility of some nutritional components, milk yield and composition, and feeding behavior of lactating cows. The use of cottonseed cake and sunflower meal in the diet increased milk yield, and fat-corrected milk yield; while the use of castor bean cake reduced the intake, digestibility of dry matter and total digestible nutrients, milk yield, and fat-corrected milk yield. The inclusion of byproducts from the biodiesel industry in the diets did not change the fat, lactose, total solids, and solids-not-fat of milk. Therefore, the cottonseed cake and sunflower meal can be included at up to 20% of the total diet.
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Tosto MSL, Santos SA, Filho RDCP, Rodrigues TCGDC, Nicory IMC, de Carvalho GGP, Bittencourt RF, Ayres MCC, Pereira TCDJ. Metabolic and behavior changings during the transition period as predictors of calving proximity and welfare of dairy goats. Vet Anim Sci 2021; 11:100168. [PMID: 33598586 PMCID: PMC7868806 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This Research aimed to evaluate the metabolic status and behavior changes during the transition period in dairy goats from three breeds, under tropical conditions. Thirty multiparous female goats were kept in pens, distributed randomly by breeds. Infrared cameras were fitted in the pens to monitor the animals, and its activities were recorded. Goats displayed varied idle, standing, walking, and feeding behaviors at kidding day (P < 0.10) when compared with the days after and before. Agnostic interactions prevailed between 3.33 and 7.98% of the time on the day of kidding. There was a day effect for the exploratory activities (P < 0.10), where the most exploratory activities were observed on the day of kidding. The milk production and fat content differed according to breed and lactation week. Collective pens for lactating goats, kept in a tropical environment, do not compromise the social behavior and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Silva Libânio Tosto
- Corresponding author. Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 500, Ondina, Zipcode 40170-110, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Ribeiro RDX, Oliveira RL, de Carvalho GGP, Silva TM, Costa JB, da Silva Oliveira V, Freitas LS, Ribeiro CVDM, Bezerra LR. Dietary inclusion of purified crude glycerin improves bodyweight at slaughter and affects the fatty acid profile of lamb meat. Anim Prod Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an20020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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da Silva Magalhães T, Santos EM, de Freitas Júnior JE, Santos SA, dos Santos Pina D, Cirne LGA, Pinto LFB, Mourão GB, dos Santos Soares FD, Leite LC, Ruiz Alba HD, Tosto MSL, de Carvalho GGP. Chitosan and cottonseed processing method association on carcass traits and meat quality of feedlot lambs. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242822. [PMID: 33227032 PMCID: PMC7682818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the association of cottonseed processing method with chitosan on carcass traits and meat quality of lambs finished in feedlot. Eighty lambs with an average body weight of 20.6 kg, with 04 months of age, were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The factors were represented by two cottonseed processing method (whole or ground) and two levels of chitosan (0 and 136 mg/kg BW). The association of cottonseed processing method with chitosan in the lamb diet did not affect (P>0.05) carcasses traits. The pH, color, cooking losses, shear force, and proximate composition of meat were also not affected (P>0.05) by the processing method of cottonseed or its association with chitosan in the lamb diets. There was an increase in palmitoleic (c9-C16:1; P = 0.01) and conjugated linoleic (P = 0.02) fatty acids when ground cottonseed was associated with chitosan. Ground cottonseed associated with chitosan increases the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids in the meat of feedlot lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Areia, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luis Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Barreto Mourão
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Laudí Cunha Leite
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil
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Brandão de Oliveira A, Rodigues Silva R, Ferreira da Silva F, Pinto de Carvalho GG, Gomes da Silva AP, Dias da Silva JW, Soares Barroso D, Dallapicola da Costa G. Economic evaluation of post-weaning and finishing cattle supplemented on pasture. REV MEX CIENC PECU 2019. [DOI: 10.22319/rmcp.v10i3.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Pereira TCDJ, Ribeiro LSO, Pereira MLA, Pires AJV, Carvalho GGPD, Pereira CAR. Feeding behavior of goat kids fed diets containing peach palm meal. Acta Sci Anim Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.47088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim in this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior of goat kids fed diets containing peach palm meal replacing corn (0, 10, 40, 60, and 85 % on a dry matter basis). Thirty crossbred Boer kids, with 90 days old and initial body weight of 16.7 ± 3.5 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with six replicates. Diets were daily supplied ad libitum to allow 10-20 % leftovers. Three collections were performed every 28 days. Diets were isoenergetics and isonitrogenous, composed of corn, soybean meal, peach palm meal, mineral supplement and Tifton 85 hay, with roughage: concentrate ratio of 30:70. There was a linear reduction in the intakes of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with a respective decrease of 35.7 % and 58.8 % comparing the diet with 85 % replacement and the control diet. The rumination and chewing times increased in diets with peach palm meal. The feeding and rumination rates decreased with reducing intakes of DM and NDF. The peach palm meal affects the feeding behavior and decreases the feed intake in response to palatability, fat and fiber composition, and it is recommended until 10 % replacing corn.
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Novais-Eiras D, de Carvalho GGP, Leite LC, Eiras CE, Freitas JED, Pina DDS, Ferreira FG, Santos GTD, Grande PA. Crude glycerin in the feed supplementation of lactating goats on pasture. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pinho RMA, Santos EM, de Oliveira JS, de Carvalho GGP, da Silva TC, Macêdo AJDS, Corrêa YR, Zanine ADM. Does the level of forage neutral detergent fiber affect the ruminal fermentation, digestibility and feeding behavior of goats fed cactus pear? Anim Sci J 2018; 89:1424-1431. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edson Mauro Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Areia PB Brazil
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Silva MLF, de Carvalho GGP, Silva RR, da Silva Magalhães T, Viana PT, de Almeida Rufino LM, Santos AV, Azevedo JAG, Júnior JEF, de Oliveira Nascimento C, Eiras CE. Effect of calcium lignosulfonate supplementation on metabolic profiles of confined lambs. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:19953-19961. [PMID: 29740773 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of calcium lignosulfonate associated with whole cottonseed in high-concentrate diets for sheep. Eight Dorper crossbred sheep with an average live weight of 42.5 ± 1.70 kg were assigned to two 4 × 4 Latin squares. The following experimental diets were evaluated: control diet (without calcium lignosulfonate) and diets with inclusion of 50, 100, and 150 g of calcium lignosulfonate/kg fresh matter. Diets were composed of soybean meal, ground corn, and whole cottonseed. Feed intake, digestibility, metabolic characteristics, and feeding behavior were evaluated. The intake of nutritional components did not show significant differences as a function of the lignosulfonate levels in the diet; however, the increase in calcium lignosulfonate levels linearly decreased the dry matter digestibility. Rumen ammonia nitrogen concentrations decreased linearly as the lignosulfonate levels in the diets were increased. There was no effect of lignosulfonate levels on blood parameters or feeding behavior of the animals. The use of lignosulfonate associated with cottonseed decreases the digestibility of dry matter and the concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen, but does not change the intake of nutritional components, the blood parameters, or the feeding behavior of sheep.
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Matos LHAD, Carvalho GGPD, Silva RR, Leite LC, Santos SA, Conceição CP, Santos LM, Azevêdo JAGD, Santos AV, Pina DDS, Novais DL, Rufino LMDA. The Use of Castor Meal, a by-Product of the Biodiesel Industry, in a Beef Production System in Tropical Pastures. Annals of Animal Science 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/aoas-2017-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of castor meal, a by-product of the biodiesel industry, on growth performance and feeding behavior of heifers in a pasture production system in Northeast Brazil. Forty Holstein × Zebu crossbred heifers with an initial body weight of 257±26 kg were kept on a Brachiaria decumbens pasture under continuous grazing. The experiment lasted 140 days and was conducted in a completly randomized design with five levels of replacement of soybean meal with castor meal (0, 200, 500, 750, and 1000 g/kg of dry matter) in the supplements. Intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, performance, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The total intakes of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM), ether extract, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) decreased as the castor meal levels were increased. The digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, OM, and TDN decreased as the levels of castor meal in the supplement were increased. The castor meal levels in the supplement did not affect final body weight, average daily gain, feed conversion, hot carcass weight, or carcass dressing of the heifers. The use of supplements containing up to 1000 g/kg DM castor meal replacing soybean meal reduced the DM intake but did not change the average daily gain and feed efficiency of the heifers. Thus, the use of castor meal is a recommendable strategy to reduce production costs in a beef cattle grazing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Henrique Almeida de Matos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, 40170-110, Salvador , Bahia Brazil
| | | | - Robério Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Rural and Animal Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia, Itapetinga , Brazil
| | - Laudí Cunha Leite
- Center for Agrarian, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz das Almas , BA, Brazil
| | - Stefanie Alvarenga Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, 40170-110, Salvador , Bahia Brazil
| | - Cinara Peixoto Conceição
- Center for Agrarian, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz das Almas , BA, Brazil
| | - Lenon Machado Santos
- Center for Agrarian, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz das Almas , BA, Brazil
| | | | - Aracele Vieira Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, 40170-110, Salvador , Bahia Brazil
| | - Douglas dos Santos Pina
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, 40170-110, Salvador , Bahia Brazil
| | - Daiane Lago Novais
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, 40170-110, Salvador , Bahia Brazil
| | - Luana Marta de Almeida Rufino
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, 500, 40170-110, Salvador , Bahia Brazil
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de Aguiar Silva P, de Carvalho GGP, Pires AJV, Santos SA, Dos Santos Pina D, Silva RR, Rodrigues CS, de Matos LHA, Eiras CE, Novais-Eiras D, Nunes WS. Feeding behavior of feedlot lambs fed diets containing levels of cassava wastewater. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:721-726. [PMID: 29260488 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effects of including cassava wastewater in the diet on the feeding behavior of feedlot lambs in 35 male uncastrated Santa Inês × Dorper crossbred lambs at an approximate age of 3 months, with an average live weight of 20.0 ± 3.4 kg. Diets were formulated with hay of cassava shoots (roughage) and a concentrate based on corn and soybean, with a roughage:concentrate ratio of 50:50, plus inclusion of cassava wastewater at the levels of 0, 12, 24, 36, or 48 g/kg of the total diet. Feeding behavior was evaluated between the 46th and 52nd days of the experiment. Increasing cassava wastewater levels in the diet reduced (P < 0.05) the intakes (kg/day) of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber as well as the efficiency of rumination (g/cud and g/h) of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber. The other behavioral parameters were not affected by wastewater inclusion in the diet. Therefore, the inclusion of up to 48 g/kg of cassava wastewater on fresh matter of diets is not recommended for feedlot lambs.
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Dias CAS, Bagaldo AR, Cerutti WG, Barbosa AM, de Carvalho GGP, Costa EIS, Bezerra LR, Oliveira RL. Peanut cake can replace soybean meal in supplements for lactating cows without affecting production. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:651-657. [PMID: 29238885 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the total replacement of soybean meal with peanut cake in the concentrate supplement of lactating cows grazing. Eight crossbred 5/8 Holstein × 3/8 Zebu cows between the 45th and 60th day of lactation and 507 ± 35 kg BW were distributed in a 4 × 4 double Latin square design with four levels of peanut cake (0, 110, 220, and 330 g/kg of the dry matter-DM) as a replacement of soybean meal in the concentrate supplement. The intake of pasture, total (pasture + concentrate), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients, and digestibility of the DM, CP, ether extract (EE), and NDF was not affected by the replacement of soybean meal with peanut cake. However, the EE (P = 0.83) intake and non-fiber carbohydrate digestibility (P = 0.09) exhibited an increasing linear trend by the peanut cake inclusion. The NDF exhibited a decreasing linear trend (P = 0.07) as the level of peanut cake increased. Production, corrected production, and protein, fat, lactose, total solid, and non-fat solid composition concentrations in the cows' milk were not affected (P > 0.05) by the peanut cake inclusion. The protein/fat ratio exhibited an increasing linear trend (P = 0.082) by the peanut cake inclusion. Peanut cake can completely replace soybean meal in the concentrate mixture because it does not alter dry matter intake, production, and composition of milk, and in addition it can reduce the cost of feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Regina Bagaldo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, 44380000, Brazil
| | - Weiler Giacomaza Cerutti
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, 44380000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leilson Rocha Bezerra
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Bom Jesus, Piauí, 64900000, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40170110, Brazil.
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Alves Cirne LG, da Silva Sobrinho AG, de Oliveira EA, Desessards Jardim R, Varela Junior AS, Pinto de Carvalho GG, Jaeger SMPL, Bagaldo AR, Alves de Almeida F, Endo V, Moreno GMB, de Lima Valença R. Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of meat from lambs fed diets containing mulberry hay. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1408435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Gabriel Alves Cirne
- Institute of Biodiversity and Forestry, Federal University of Western Pará, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Desessards Jardim
- Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adriana Regina Bagaldo
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane Endo
- Department of Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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40
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Guilherme EPX, de Oliveira JP, de Carvalho LM, Brandi IV, Santos SHS, de Carvalho GGP, Cota J, Mara Aparecida de Carvalho B. Synthesis of supermacroporous cryogel for bioreactors continuous starch hydrolysis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2940-2946. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Igor Viana Brandi
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Montes Claros MG Brazil
| | | | | | - Junio Cota
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Montes Claros MG Brazil
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41
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Santos SA, Prates LL, Carvalho GGPD, Santos ACSD, Valadares Filho SDC, Tosto MSL, Mariz LDS, Neri FDS, Sampaio MDQ. Creatinine as a metabolic marker to estimate urinary volume in growing goats. Small Rumin Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Delfino NC, Bulcão LFDA, Alba HDR, Oliveira MXDS, Queiroz FPSD, Carvalho GGPD, Rennó FP, de Freitas Júnior JE. Influence of body condition score at calving on the metabolic status and production performance of Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during the transition period. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2017; 31:1756-1765. [PMID: 28728402 PMCID: PMC6212752 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of body condition score (BCS) at calving on the metabolic status of female Murrah buffaloes in the transition period. Methods Thirty-seven pregnant buffaloes (multiparous) were selected and monitored during the transition period based on their body condition score and on the estimated calving date. Two groups were formed: i) buffaloes with a BCS>3.5 (n = 17); this group was classified and named ‘high BCS at calving’ (HBCS); and ii) buffaloes with a BCS≤3.5 (n = 20); this group was classified and named ‘low BCS at calving’ (LBCS). All animals were monitored during the last 30 days of pregnancy and the first 70 days post-calving and kept in the same environment and under the same feeding and management conditions. Mean values for BCS at calving were 2.98±0.9 (mean±standard error of the mean [SEM]) and 4.21±0.9 (mean±SEM) for the HBCS and LBCS groups, respectively. Results The HBCS group showed higher milk fat content (p = 0.007) and milk fat yield (p = 0.027) and a higher concentration of milk urea nitrogen (p = 0.001) than LBCS buffaloes, which in turn had a lower urine pH value (p = 0.033) than HBCS buffaloes in the pre-calving period (7.86 for HBCS vs 7.76 for LBCS). The HBCS animals had a higher concentration of erythrocytes (p = 0.001) and hematocrit (p = 0.012) post-calving and a higher hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.004) pre-calving. Conclusion Buffaloes during the transition period exhibited some variations in the oxidative stress related to their metabolic status. After calving, buffaloes with a high BCS at calving and greater lipid mobilization have a more marked alteration in oxidative status, but improved production performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Carvalho Delfino
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fialho de Aragão Bulcão
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Xavier da Silva Oliveira
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Filipe Pinheiro Soares de Queiroz
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
| | - Francisco Palma Rennó
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil
| | - José Esler de Freitas Júnior
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, 40.170-110, Brazil
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43
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Palmieri AD, de Carvalho GGP, Tosto MSL, Leite VM, Santos SA, Borja MS, Azevêdo JAG, Júnior JEF, Leite LC, de Almeida Rufino LM. Feeding behavior of finishing goats fed diets containing detoxified castor meal, co-product of the biodiesel industry. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:389-395. [PMID: 27981417 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was made into the feeding behavior of goats to evaluate the effects of a detoxified castor bean meal in the diet of goats. Thirty-six ½ crossbred Boer goats were used, with an average weight of 20 ± 3.2 kg. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments (diets with of 0, 100, 200, and 300 g detoxified castor bean meals/kg dry matter) and nine replicates. Castor bean meal was detoxified using calcium oxide. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous, and the forage:concentrate ratio was 50:50. The feeding behavior was observed on the 17th, 45th, and 70th days of the experiment. For the evaluation of feeding behavior (feeding, idle, and rumination times), the animals were observed in 5-min intervals for 24 h. The addition of detoxified castor bean meal did not change (P > 0.05) the evaluated behavioral variables. Linear reduction was observed (P < 0.05) in the efficiencies of feeding and rumination, expressed in g dry matter/h. The variables related to the time series discretization of the feeding behavior of goats did not change (P > 0.05) with the inclusion of detoxified castor bean meal. The inclusion of detoxified castor bean meal in growing goats' diets does not change the feeding, rumination, and idle times, however, decreases intake, feeding, and rumination efficiencies of dry matter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laudi Cunha Leite
- Federal University of the Reconcavo of Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
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44
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Brandão RKC, de Carvalho GGP, Silva RR, Dias DLS, Mendes FBL, Lins TOJD, Filho GA, de Souza SO, Barroso DS, de Almeida Rufino LM, Tosto MSL. Comparison of protein and energy supplementation to mineral supplementation on feeding behavior of grazing cattle during the rainy to the dry season transition. Springerplus 2016; 5:933. [PMID: 27386377 PMCID: PMC4929103 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2603-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of protein-energy or mineral supplementation on the ingestive behavior of dairy steers on pasture in the post-weaning phase during the rainy to dry season transition. Twenty-two ½ Holstein–Zebu dairy steers with an average initial body weight of 234 ± 16 kg were distributed into a completely randomized design into two groups: protein-energy supplementation and mineral supplementation offered ad libitum. The steers receiving protein-energy supplementation showed higher (P < 0.05) intake of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) than those fed diets composed of mineral salt only. In addition, the animals that received protein-energy supplementation had longer period in grazing and spent on average more time per period eating at the trough (P < 0.05), however no significant differences were observed in the time per period in rumination and time per period in idle (P > 0.05). The supply of protein-energy supplement does not change the feeding behavior, except for an increase in the time spent feeding at the trough. The intake of protein-energy supplement improved the of DM and NDF feed efficiencies in grazing cattle during the rainy to the dry season transition.
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45
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Dos Santos AB, Pereira MLA, de Oliveira Silva HG, de Carvalho GGP, Ribeiro LSO, de Jesus Pereira TC, Azevêdo JAG, Sousa LB, Sousa L, Almeida PJP. Nitrogen metabolism in lambs fed diets containing peach palm meal. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 48:1491-5. [PMID: 27307278 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen metabolism of lambs fed diets containing peach palm meal substituting maize (0, 10, 40, 60, and 85 % DM). Thirty Santa Inês uncastrated lambs with an average initial body weight of 21.6 ± 0.87 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with five diets and six replicates. The nitrogen (N) intake (g/day, %BW) and the fecal N decreased linearly as the peach palm meal was added to the concentrate. The urinary N, however, responded quadratically, with maxima at the level of 29.97 and 40.44 % of substitution of maize for peach palm meal when expressed in g/day and %BW, respectively. The substitution of maize for peach palm meal reduced the retention of nitrogen and the microbial protein synthesis in the lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Batista Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Juvino OliveiraCampus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Mara Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Juvino OliveiraCampus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, UESC, Soane Nazaré de Andrade Campus, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Larisse Borges Sousa
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Juvino OliveiraCampus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - LeandroBorges Sousa
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Juvino OliveiraCampus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paulo José Presídio Almeida
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, UESB, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Juvino OliveiraCampus, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
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dos Santos AB, Pereira MLA, de Oliveira Silva HG, de Carvalho GGP, de Jesus Pereira TC, Ribeiro LSO, Azevêdo JAG, das Graças Conceição Parada Costa Silva M, Sousa LB, Sousa LB, de Oliveira Alencar D. Intake, digestibility and performance of lambs fed diets containing peach palm meal. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 48:509-15. [PMID: 26781510 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0982-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, performance, and plasma glucose concentration of ram lambs fed diets containing peach palm meal substituting maize (0, 10, 40, 60, and 85 % dry matter (DM)). Thirty Santa Inês rams with an average initial body weight of 21.6 ± 0.87 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with five diets and six replicates. The substitution of the maize for the peach palm meal affected (P < 0.05) the intakes of DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), total carbohydrates (TC), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and metabolizable energy (ME), which decreased linearly (P < 0.05); the intake of ether extract (EE), however, fit an increasing linear equation (P < 0.05). The apparent digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, NDFap, and TC decreased linearly (P < 0.05) as the level of peach palm meal in the concentrate was increased. The total weight gain and the average daily gain decreased by 0.09 and 0.001 kg with each level of substitution of the maize for peach palm meal, respectively. It is recommended to substitute 40 % of the maize for peach palm meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Batista dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Campus Juvino Oliveira, Itapetinga, BA, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Larisse Borges Sousa
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Campus Juvino Oliveira, Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Leandro Borges Sousa
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Campus Juvino Oliveira, Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Daiane de Oliveira Alencar
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rodovia BR 415, km 03, S/N, Campus Juvino Oliveira, Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
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47
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de Oliveira Filho CAA, Azevêdo JAG, de Carvalho GGP, da Silva CFPG, Cabral ÍDS, Pereira LGR, dos Reis LG, de Almeida FM, Souza LL. Crude glycerin combined with sugar cane silage in lamb diets. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 48:289-95. [PMID: 26530907 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the level of crude glycerin (CG) on in vitro fermentation kinetics (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 g/kg DM of sugar cane silage), on in vitro neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation (0, 30, 60, and 90 g/kg DM of sugar cane silage), and intake and digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen balance (0, 20, 55, 82, and 108 g/kg DM of sugar cane silage) in lambs. The in vitro trials were conducted in a completely randomized design with three repetitions. The in vivo trial was conducted in a Latin square design with five repetitions (5 × 5). For variables in which the F test was considered significant, the statistical interpretation of the effect of CG substitution levels was carried out through regression analyses. Kinetic parameters were not affected by CG inclusion. On in vitro NDF degradation, a significant effect of CG levels was observed on the potentially degradable fraction of NDF, the insoluble potentially degradable fraction of NDF, and the undegradable NDF fraction. The intake and digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen balance were not affected by CG inclusion. The CG levels change in vitro NDF degradability parameters; however, there were no changes in animal intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance with the inclusion levels used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Km 16 - Rodovia Jorge Amado, CEP: 45.662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lígia Lins Souza
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Itapetinga, Bahia, Brazil
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Nicory IMC, Carvalho GGPD, Ribeiro OL, Santos SA, Silva FFD, Silva RR, Costa Lopes LS, Souza FN, Freitas Jr. JED. Productive and metabolic parameters in lambs fed diets with castor seed meal. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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49
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Júnior WFDS, Cano R, Totola AH, Carvalho LMD, Cerri MO, Coimbra JSDR, Carvalho GGPD, Carvalho BMAD. Adsorption of immunoglobulin Y in supermacroporous continuous cryogel with immobilized Cu2+ ions. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1395:16-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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50
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Nicory IMC, de Carvalho GGP, Ribeiro OL, Silva RR, Tosto MSL, Costa-Lopes LS, Souza FNC, de Oliveira Nascimento C. Ingestive behavior of lambs fed diets containing castor seed meal. Trop Anim Health Prod 2015; 47:939-44. [PMID: 25912972 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-015-0812-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the substitution of soybean meal for castor seed meal (CSM) in diets for feedlot lambs and the effects of these diets on their ingestive behavior. Fifty male Santa Inês lambs were used. The diets were composed of Tifton 85 hay and a concentrate containing detoxified CSM substituting 0, 25, 50, 75, or 100 % of the soybean meal. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the CSM levels on the feeding, rumination, idle times, chews and time spent chewing per bolus, total chewing time, number of boli chewed, and number of chews per day. The dry matter (DM) intake decreased linearly (P < 0.05), but did not affect the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake. The feeding and rumination efficiencies had a quadratic response (P < 0.05). The experimental diets did not affect (P > 0.05) the numbers of feeding, rumination, and idle periods, but had a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on the time per feeding activity and on the chewing periods. Substitution of soybean meal for detoxified CSM reduces the DM intake but does not change the ingestive behavior.
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