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Srinivasan B, Flórez Weidinger JD, Zhai X, Lemercier G, Ikeda T, Brewer M, Zhang B, Heyse S, Wingfield J, Steigele S. High-throughput mechanistic screening of non-equilibrium inhibitors by a fully automated data analysis pipeline in early drug-discovery. SLAS Discov 2022; 27:460-470. [PMID: 36156314 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent efforts for increasing the success in drug discovery focus on an early, massive, and routine mechanistic and/or kinetic characterization of drug-target engagement as part of a design-make-test-analyze strategy. From an experimental perspective, many mechanistic assays can be translated into a scalable format on automation platforms and thereby enable routine characterization of hundreds or thousands of compounds. However, now the limiting factor to achieve such in-depth characterization at high-throughput becomes the quality-driven data analysis, the sheer scale of which outweighs the time available to the scientific staff of most labs. Therefore, automated analytical workflows are needed to enable such experimental scale-up. We have implemented such a fully automated workflow in Genedata Screener for time-dependent ligand-target binding analysis to characterize non-equilibrium inhibitors. The workflow automates Quality Control (QC) / data modelling and decision-making process in a staged analysis: (1) quality control of raw input data-fluorescence signal-based progress curves - featuring automated rejection of unsuitable measurements; (2) automated model selection - one-step versus two-step binding model - using statistical methods and biological validity rules; (3) result visualization in specific plots and annotated result tables, enabling the scientist to review large result sets efficiently and, at the same time, to rapidly identify and focus on interesting or unusual results; (4) an interactive user interface for immediate adjustment of automated decisions, where necessary. Applying this workflow to first-pass, high-throughput kinetic studies on kinase projects has allowed us to surmount previously rate-limiting manual analysis steps and boost productivity; and is now routinely embedded in a biopharma discovery research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Srinivasan
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Xiang Zhai
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA 02451, United States
| | | | - Timothy Ikeda
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA 02451, United States
| | | | - Bairu Zhang
- Data Sciences & Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Wingfield
- Mechanistic and Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Abstract
A convenient strategy for synthesis of a pentaerythritol derivative diacetal containing azo functions is presented; NMR data are discussed and are in good agreement with the molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Lemercier
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR CNRS / ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cédex 07, France
| | - M. Alexandre
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR CNRS / ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cédex 07, France
| | - J.-C. Mulatier
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR CNRS / ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cédex 07, France
| | - C. Andraud
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR CNRS / ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cédex 07, France
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3
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Zimmermann J, Remus T, Lemercier G, Barker D, Obrecht D, Gambino G, Douglas G. Anti-tumor cell activity and in vitro profile of the next generation CXCR4 antagonist Balixafortide. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy272.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Douglas G, Gambino G, Lemercier G, Longuet S, Remus T, Zimmermann J. Pharmacology, ADME and selectivity profile of the next generation CXCR4 antagonist balixafortide. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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5
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Gagner JP, Sarfraz Y, Ortenzi V, Alotaibi FM, Chiriboga LA, Tayyib AT, Douglas GJ, Chevalier E, Romagnoli B, Tuffin G, Schmitt M, Lemercier G, Dembowsky K, Zagzag D. Multifaceted C-X-C Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) Inhibition Interferes with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy-Induced Glioma Dissemination. Am J Pathol 2017; 187:2080-2094. [PMID: 28734730 PMCID: PMC5809520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in glioblastoma (GBM) patients may involve hypoxia-induced expression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) on invading tumor cells, macrophage/microglial cells (MGCs), and glioma stem cells (GSCs). We determined whether antagonizing CXCR4 with POL5551 disrupts anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy-induced glioma growth and dissemination. Mice bearing orthotopic CT-2A or GL261 gliomas received POL5551 and/or anti-VEGF antibody B20-4.1.1. Brain tissue was analyzed for tumor volume, invasiveness, hypoxia, vascular density, proliferation, apoptosis, GSCs, and MGCs. Glioma cells were evaluated for CXCR4 expression and polymorphism and POL5551's effects on CXCR4 ligand binding, cell viability, and migration. No CXCR4 mutations were identified. POL5551 inhibited CXCR4 binding to its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1α, and reduced hypoxia- and stromal cell-derived factor-1α-mediated migration dose-dependently but minimally affected cell viability. In vivo, B20-4.1.1 increased hypoxic foci and invasiveness, as seen in GBM patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy. Combination of POL5551 and B20-4.1.1 reduced both glioma invasiveness by 16% to 39% and vascular density compared to B20-4.1.1 alone in both glioma models. Reduced populations of GSCs and MGCs were also seen in CT-2A tumors. POL5551 concentrations, evaluated by mass spectrometry, were higher in tumors than in neighboring brain tissues, likely accounting for the results. Inhibition of CXCR4-regulated tumoral, stem cell, and immune mechanisms by adjunctive CXCR4 antagonists may help overcome antiangiogenic therapy resistance, benefiting GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Gagner
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yasmeen Sarfraz
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Valerio Ortenzi
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Fawaz M Alotaibi
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Luis A Chiriboga
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Awab T Tayyib
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Zagzag
- Microvascular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Neuropathology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York; New York University Langone Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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Chevreux S, Truillet C, Mongin O, Boreham E, Jones L, Blanchard-Desce M, Tillement O, Lux F, Natrajan L, Lemercier G. Ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) based edifices as linear and two-photon sensitizers. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Mbakidi JP, Brégier F, Ouk TS, Granet R, Rivière E, Chevreux S, Lemercier G, Sol V. Synthesis and characterizations of magnetic dextran nanoparticles bearing hydrophilic porphyrin derivatives: Bimodal agents for potential application in photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chevreux S, Allain C, Wilbraham L, Nakatani K, Jacques P, Ciofini I, Lemercier G. Solvent tuned single molecule dual emission in protic solvents: effect of polarity and H-bonding. Faraday Discuss 2015; 185:285-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Phen-PENMe2 has recently been proposed as a promising new molecule displaying solvent-tuned dual emission, highlighting an original and newly-described charge transfer model. The study of the photophysical behaviour of this molecule was extended to include protic solvents. The effects of polarity and hydrogen bonding lead to an even more evident dual emission associated with a large multi-emission band in some solvents like methanol, highlighting Phen-PENMe2 as a promising candidate for white light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Chevreux
- Reims Champagne-Ardenne University
- ICMR UMR CNRS no. 7312
- Reims Cedex 2
- France
| | - C. Allain
- PPSM
- CNRS UMR 8531
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan
- 94235 Cachan Cedex
- France
| | - L. Wilbraham
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech-CNRS UMR 8247
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- Paris
- France
| | - K. Nakatani
- PPSM
- CNRS UMR 8531
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan
- 94235 Cachan Cedex
- France
| | - P. Jacques
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- UHA
- LPIM
- Mulhouse
- France
| | - I. Ciofini
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech-CNRS UMR 8247
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- Paris
- France
| | - G. Lemercier
- Reims Champagne-Ardenne University
- ICMR UMR CNRS no. 7312
- Reims Cedex 2
- France
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Silly MG, Charra F, Lux F, Lemercier G, Sirotti F. The electronic properties of mixed valence hydrated europium chloride thin film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18403-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01256b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the electronic properties of a model mixed-valence hydrated chloride europium salt by means of high resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) and resonant photoemission spectroscopy (RESPES) at the Eu 3d → 4f and 4d → 4f transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Silly
- TEMPO Beamline
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex
- France
| | - F. Charra
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé
- CEA-CNRS UMR 3680
- Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS)
- F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex
- France
| | - F. Lux
- Institut Lumière Matière – UMR 5306 – Bât Jules Raulin; 22
- 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
| | - G. Lemercier
- Université Reims Champagne-Ardenne
- ICMR UMR CNRS no. 7312
- Groupe Chimie de Coordination
- 51687 Reims Cedex 2
- France
| | - F. Sirotti
- TEMPO Beamline
- Synchrotron SOLEIL
- 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex
- France
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10
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Chevreux S, Paulino Neto R, Allain C, Nakatani K, Jacques P, Ciofini I, Lemercier G. Solvent-tuned dual emission: a structural and electronic interplay highlighting a novel planar ICT (OPICT). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:7639-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05661b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Displaying a dual emission, a Phen-PENMe2 compound can be foreseen as a new model for fundamental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Chevreux
- Reims Champagne-Ardenne University
- ICMR UMR CNRS
- 51687 Reims cedex 2
- France
| | - R. Paulino Neto
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech – CNRS UMR 8247
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- Paris
- France
| | - C. Allain
- PPSM
- CNRS UMR 8531
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan
- PPSM
- 94235 Cachan cedex
| | - K. Nakatani
- PPSM
- CNRS UMR 8531
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan
- PPSM
- 94235 Cachan cedex
| | - P. Jacques
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- UHA
- LPIM
- Mulhouse
- France
| | - I. Ciofini
- PSL Research University
- Chimie ParisTech – CNRS UMR 8247
- Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris
- Paris
- France
| | - G. Lemercier
- Reims Champagne-Ardenne University
- ICMR UMR CNRS
- 51687 Reims cedex 2
- France
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Lemercier G, Fernandez-Montalvan A, Shaw JP, Kugelstadt D, Bomke J, Domostoj M, Schwarz MK, Scheer A, Kappes B, Leroy D. Identification and Characterization of Novel Small Molecules as Potent Inhibitors of the Plasmodial Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 1. Biochemistry 2009; 48:6379-89. [DOI: 10.1021/bi9005122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lemercier
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Amaury Fernandez-Montalvan
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey P. Shaw
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Kugelstadt
- Institute of Hygiene, Department of Parasitology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joerg Bomke
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Domostoj
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Matthias K. Schwarz
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Scheer
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Kappes
- Institute of Hygiene, Department of Parasitology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Didier Leroy
- Geneva Research Center, Merck-Serono SA, 9, chemin des Mines, Case postale 54CH-1211 Genève 20, Switzerland
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Girardot C, Lemercier G, Mulatier JC, Andraud C, Chauvin J, Baldeck P. Novel 5-(oligofluorenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline type ligands: synthesis, linear and two-photon absorption properties. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lemercier G, Gendreizig S, Kindermann M, Johnsson K. Inducing and sensing protein--protein interactions in living cells by selective cross-linking. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:4281-4. [PMID: 17465435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lemercier
- ISIC-Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Lemercier G, Gendreizig S, Kindermann M, Johnsson K. Inducing and Sensing Protein–Protein Interactions in Living Cells by Selective Cross-linking. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Girardot C, Lemercier G, Mulatier JC, Chauvin J, Baldeck PL, Andraud C. Novel ruthenium(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes for two-photon absorption related applications. Dalton Trans 2007:3421-6. [PMID: 17664979 DOI: 10.1039/b706715a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two new fluorene derivatized 1,10-phenanthroline ligands and related tris-chelate Ru(II) or Zn(II) coordination complexes have been synthesised. The linear and nonlinear (two-photon induced fluorescence) photophysical measurements have contributed to highlight the possibility to tune the absorption spectral range and excited lifetime, depending on ligand substitution and nature of the metal. More significantly, the observation of two-photon absorption (TPA) associated with long-lived metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited states in the Ru(II)-based chromophores, opens a wide range of applications in the near infrared.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Girardot
- Laboratoire de Chimie, UMR no 5182, CNRS/ENS-Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, cedex 07, France
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Espiau B, Lemercier G, Ambit A, Bringaud F, Merlin G, Baltz T, Bakalara N. A soluble pyrophosphatase, a key enzyme for polyphosphate metabolism in Leishmania. J Biol Chem 2005; 281:1516-23. [PMID: 16291745 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m506947200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the functional characterization in Leishmania amazonensis of a soluble pyrophosphatase (LaVSP1) that localizes in acidocalcisomes, a vesicular acidic compartment. LaVSP1 is preferentially expressed in metacyclic forms. Experiments with dominant negative mutants show the requirement of LaVSP1 functional expression for metacyclogenesis and virulence in mice. Depending on the pH and the cofactors Mg2+ or Zn2+, both present in acidocalcisomes, LaVSP1 hydrolyzes either inorganic pyrophosphate (Km = 92 microM, kcat = 125 s(-1)), tripolyphosphate (Km = 1153 microM, kcat = 131 s(-1)), or polyphosphate of 28 residues (Km = 123 microM, kcat = 8 s(-1)). Predicted structural analysis suggests that the structural orientation of the residue Lys78 in LaVSP1 accounts for the observed increase in Km compared with the yeast pyrophosphatase and for the ability of trypanosomatid VSP1 enzymes to hydrolyze polyphosphate. These results make the VSP1 enzyme an attractive drug target against trypanosomatid parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Espiau
- Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle des Trypanosomatides, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, UMR-CNRS 5162, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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Sahin A, Lemercier G, Tetaud E, Espiau B, Myler P, Stuart K, Bakalara N, Merlin G. Trypanosomatid flagellum biogenesis: ARL-3A is involved in several species. Exp Parasitol 2005; 108:126-33. [PMID: 15582509 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2004.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2004] [Revised: 06/25/2004] [Accepted: 07/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes of the GTPase-deficient small G protein LdARL-3A-Q70L specifically provokes the loss of the flagella without affecting cell viability and body size. However, motility is lost and, remarkably, cells do not survive in the insect vector Lutzomyia longipalpis gut, leading to interruption of parasite transmission. We report here that overexpression of the same protein in Leishmania major, Leishmania donovani, and Crithidia fasciculata also led to significant alterations of the flagella. Surprisingly, ablation of TbARL-3A expression by RNAi in Trypanosoma brucei brucei also provoked flagella shortening, revealing that overexpression of the GTPase-deficient protein seems functionally equivalent to a drastic reduction in its native counterpart abundance. This renders possible complementary studies of an essential pathway in related organisms. Potential significance for the protein function is discussed as well as future strategies for stopping the transmission of several neglected parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Sahin
- Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle des Trypanosomatides, UMR CNRS 5162, Université Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Lemercier G, Andraud C, Kityk I, Ebothe J, B. Robertson. Birefringence in guest–host Ru-containing chromophore induced by acoustic field. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lemercier G, Espiau B, Ruiz FA, Vieira M, Luo S, Baltz T, Docampo R, Bakalara N. A pyrophosphatase regulating polyphosphate metabolism in acidocalcisomes is essential for Trypanosoma brucei virulence in mice. J Biol Chem 2003; 279:3420-5. [PMID: 14615483 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m309974200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the functional characterization of a soluble pyrophosphatase (TbVSP1), which localizes to acidocalcisomes, a vesicular acidic compartment of Trypanosoma brucei. Depending on the pH and the cofactors Mg(2+) or Zn(2+), both present in the compartment, the enzyme hydrolyzes either inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)) (k(cat) = 385 s(-1)) or tripolyP (polyP(3)) and polyphosphate (polyP) of 28 residues (polyP(28)) with k(cat) values of 52 and 3.5 s(-1), respectively. An unusual N-terminal domain of 160 amino acids, containing a putative calcium EF-hand-binding domain, is involved in protein oligomerization. Using double-stranded RNA interference methodology, we produced an inducible bloodstream form (BF) deficient in the TbVSP1 protein (BFiVSP1). The long-chain polyP levels of these mutants were reduced by 60%. Their phenotypes revealed a deficient polyP metabolism, as indicated by their defective response to phosphate starvation and hyposmotic stress. BFiVSP1 did not cause acute virulent infection in mice, demonstrating that TbVSP1 is essential for growth of bloodstream forms in the mammalian host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lemercier
- Laboratoire de Genomique Fonctionnelle des Trypanosomatides, UMR-CNRS 5162, 146, rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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Hache F, Boulesteix T, Schanne-Klein MC, Alexandre M, Lemercier G, Andraud C. Polarization Rotation in a Second Harmonic Reflection Experiment from an Isotropic Surface of Chiral Tröger Base. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034216+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lemercier G, Bakalara N, Santarelli X. On-column refolding of an insoluble histidine tag recombinant exopolyphosphatase from Trypanosoma brucei overexpressed in Escherichia coli. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 786:305-9. [PMID: 12651027 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An exopolyphosphatase gene has been cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from Trypanosoma brucei and the corresponding protein overexpressed as a recombinant His-tag (histidine tag) exopolyphosphatase in E. coli in order to characterize its biochemical activity and to produce antibody to determine its localization. Because overexpression of this protein in bacteria resulted in the formation of inactive inclusion bodies, these structures were first solubilized in denaturant condition (6 M urea). Secondly, after a capture step using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), a gradual refolding of the protein was performed on-column from 6 M to 0 M urea in the presence of 1% Triton X-100. Triton X-100 was used to abolish protein aggregation during the refolding step. The purified enzyme was active, demonstrating that at least part of the proteins was properly refolded.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lemercier
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 cedex, Bordeaux, France
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Lemercier G, Dutoya S, Luo S, Ruiz FA, Rodrigues CO, Baltz T, Docampo R, Bakalara N. A vacuolar-type H+-pyrophosphatase governs maintenance of functional acidocalcisomes and growth of the insect and mammalian forms of Trypanosoma brucei. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:37369-76. [PMID: 12121996 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m204744200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar proton pyrophosphatases (V-H(+)-PPases) are electrogenic proton pumps found in many organisms of considerable industrial, environmental, and clinical importance. V-H(+)-PPases of several parasites were shown to be associated with acidic vacuoles named acidocalcisomes, which contain polyphosphate and calcium. In this work we functionally characterized a Trypanosoma brucei V-H(+)-PPase gene by using double-stranded RNA interference methodology to produce inducible V-H(+)-PPase-deficient strains of procyclic and bloodstream forms (PFiVP1 and BFiVP1). Acidocalcisomes of these mutated parasites lost acidity and contained 90% less polyphosphate. PFiVP1 did not release calcium after the addition of nigericin, and its total acidity was reduced by 70%. This mutant also failed to stabilize its intracellular pH on exposure to external basic pH >7.4 and recovered from intracellular acidification at a slower rate and to a more acidic final intracellular pH. In the absence of T. brucei V-H(+)-PPase expression, PFiVP1 and BFiVP1 grew at a slower rate with doubling times of 27 h instead of 15 h, and 10 h instead of 7.5 h, respectively. Moreover, BFiVP1 could not grow over 5 x 10(5) cells/ml corresponding to a cell density reduction of five times for bloodstream form stationary phase growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Lemercier
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, Bâtiment 3A, Unite Mixté Réchérche-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5016, 146, rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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25
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Schanne-Klein M, Boulesteix T, Hache F, Alexandre M, Lemercier G, Andraud C. Strong chiroptical effects in surface second harmonic generation obtained for molecules exhibiting excitonic coupling chirality. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)01030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Dutoya S, Gibert S, Lemercier G, Santarelli X, Baltz D, Baltz T, Bakalara N. A novel C-terminal kinesin is essential for maintaining functional acidocalcisomes in Trypanosoma brucei. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:49117-24. [PMID: 11581257 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105962200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesins are cytoskeletal motor proteins that play roles in a variety of fundamental cellular processes including cell division and the anterograde transport of vesicles and organelles. We purified, cloned, and functionally characterized in Trypanosoma brucei a new member of the C-terminal kinesin family, TbKIFC1. Kinetic constants of the recombinant motor domain of TbKIFC1 were estimated at 0.56 microm for the microtubule dissociation constant (K(d)) with a k(cat) of 0.2 s(-1). Immunolocalization analysis showed an association of TbKIFC1 with punctate structures. Because they were rapidly transported to the negative pole of the microtubule after NH(4)Cl treatment, these structures were considered to be associated with acidic vesicles. To determine the role of the kinesin in vivo, we produced an inducible kinesin-deficient strain by double-stranded RNA interference methodology. Mutant cells were loaded with the fluorescent reagent fura2/acetoxymethylester to measure intracellular free calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)). The resting [Ca(2+)](i) was unchanged in mutant cells; however, alkalinization of acidic vesicles induced by NH(4)Cl or nigericin was not followed by release of Ca(2+). These data and the relative importance of the ionomycin-releasable and the ionomycin-plus-NH(4)Cl-releasable Ca(2+) pools suggest a lower Ca(2+) content in acidocalcisomes and dysfunctional Ca(2+) release.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dutoya
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire UMR CNRS 5016, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux II, 33076 France
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Mesnil H, Schanne-Klein M, Hache F, Alexandre M, Lemercier G, Andraud C. Experimental observation of nonlinear circular dichroism in a pump–probe experiment. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)00239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Bousseksou A, Tommasi L, Lemercier G, Varret F, Tuchagues JP. Deuterium isotope effect in the two-step spin-state transition of [FeII(5-NO2-sal-N(1,4,7,10))] investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Lemercier G, Bousseksou A, Seigneuric S, Varret F, Tuchagues JP. The high-spin low-spin equilibrium of iron(II) in FeII(TRIM)2(PhCO2) (ClO4): Observation and interpretation of a gradual 5T2↔1A1 spin-state conversion. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Gourmelon P, Amyx HL, Baron H, Lemercier G, Court L, Gibbs CJ. Sleep abnormalities with REM disorder in experimental Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in cats: a new pathological feature. Brain Res 1987; 411:391-6. [PMID: 3300848 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(87)91093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in sleep organization were studied during the clinical phase of experimental Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in cats. Twenty months after intracerebral inoculation of a CJD agent, cats developed clinical signs including behavioral changes, diminished grooming activity, dysmetria, startle reflex, myoclonus, and unusual sleep abnormalities. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep displayed a new and irreversible organization, with a continuous and constant pseudoperiodic pattern of rapid eye movements, synchronous with diffuse bursts of cortical abnormalities and with ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) wave activity. Computer analysis revealed a constant morphology of cortical bursts and their temporal relationship with ocular episodes. Induction of PGO wave activity with benzoquinolizine derivative Ro 4-1284 demonstrated the PGO-dependent nature of the cortical alterations. Abnormal unresponsive states were observed during REM sleep phases and arousal thresholds were increased in CJD cats during REM sleep. The percentages of wakefulness and slow-wave sleep were reversed in these animals. Preliminary neuropathological observations included discrete to minimal spongiosis of cerebral gray matter and a remarkably focalized intracytoplasmic vacuolation in neurons of the raphé system. Our findings suggest that particular neuronal systems involved in sleep regulation are impaired in CJD cats.
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Blanchet G, Baubichon D, Mavet S, Morelis P, Lemercier G. Modulation of the number of muscarinic receptors in mouse neuroblastoma cells by soman. Biochem Pharmacol 1986; 35:4077-81. [PMID: 3022749 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(86)90031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Long-term preincubation at 37 degrees of mouse neuroblastoma cells (clones NS-20 and N1E-115) with soman, a potent and irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor, resulted in a significant decrease in the number of [3H]N-methylscopolamine binding sites and in the inhibition of carbamylcholine-induced cyclic GMP formation. The disappearance of surface muscarinic receptors and the desensitization of the receptor-mediated response seem to occur via accumulation of acetylcholine in the culture medium. The significance of these findings is discussed.
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Lemercier G, Carpentier P, Sentenac-Roumanou H, Morelis P. Histological and histochemical changes in the central nervous system of the rat poisoned by an irreversible anticholinesterase organophosphorus compound. Acta Neuropathol 1983; 61:123-9. [PMID: 6637396 DOI: 10.1007/bf00697391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The effect of soman, a powerful organophosphorus (OP) cholinesterase inhibitor, was investigated in the central nervous system (CNS) of Wistar rats by neurohistology, histochemical mapping of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and biochemical determination of cholinesterase (ChE) activity. Rats were poisoned by one lethal or sublethal subcutaneous (s.c.) injection or by several less strong weekly doses. When the acute cholinergic action of the OP led to severe respiratory failure and to repeated or prolonged convulsions, the surviving rats exhibited neuronal changes similar to those of hypoxic encephalopathy. In one case chronic intoxication gave rise to these symptoms and lesions after the fourth injection. The histochemical data showed that lesioned gray structures were generally poor in AChE. The enzymatic inhibition was quick and strong, but differed from one structure to another. ChE recovery was rapid until about 96 h after poisoning, the time course depending on the structure, but was incomplete even after 8 days. An attempt to correlate the initial level of ChE inhibition with the severity of the symptoms was not very conclusive. Our data suggest that the encephalopathy comes at least in part from complex hypoxic factors produced by the cholinergic crisis. The sequelae of slight hypoxic encephalopathy could account for some nervous long-term effects in men acutely poisoned by OP and surviving owing to mechanical ventilation.
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Lemercier G, Mavet S. ["In vivo" studies on mouse mononuclear phagocyte system as a protective agent against influenza (author's transl)]. Ann Microbiol (Paris) 1979; 130B:235-44. [PMID: 231397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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Lemercier G, Mavet S, Burckhart MF, Fontanges R. ["In vitro" interactions between influenza virus and mouse lung alveolar macrophages (author's transl)]. Ann Microbiol (Paris) 1979; 130 A:119-32. [PMID: 475216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between influenza virus A/PR/8/34 (H0N1) and Balb/c mouse lung alveolar macrophages have been studied in vitro. One day after initiation of alveolar macrophage culture in 35 mm Falcon dishes, the virus suspension was allowed to adsorb to the cells for 1 h. Detachment of cells from the plastic substrate, morphological changes in adherent cells and decreased phagocytosis of heat-killed Candida albicans occured slowly as compared to control cultures. These facts appeared to be directly correlated to the concentration of viruses in the inoculum. Data yielded by virus titrations, electron microscopy and immunofluorescence suggest that mouse lung alveolar macrophages are able to take up a large amount of viral particles and inhibit their replication, allowing only an abortive viral cycle.
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Lemercier G, Cornand G, Burckhart MF. [Pinguecula and pterygium: histologic and electron microscopic study (author's transl)]. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1978; 379:321-33. [PMID: 151979 DOI: 10.1007/bf00464475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two pingueculae combined with pterygia were studied by light and electron microscopy. Hyaline degeneration of the collagen, dark staining granular, von Kossa negative concretions and elastotic material were observed in both conditions together with marked changes in the fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes and the basement membrane of conjunctival capillaries and small veins. The elastotic material is similar to that observed in solar elastosis, where the collagen fibers are less severely damaged. Chronic sun exposure of the pericorneal conjunctiva may damage endothelial cells primarily and disturb vascular exchanges. This would result in accelerated degeneration and regeneration of endothelial cells, in thickening of the basement membrane and, secondarily, disturbed metabolism of fibroblasts with alterations of the collagen and elastic fibers.
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Lemercier G, Neveu D, Morel J, Fontanges R. [Local immune response in mouse experimental airborne influenza: immunoglobulin concentrations, antibody levels of immunoglobulin classes and anamnestic response in bronchial washings (author's transl)]. Arch Virol 1977; 53:45-53. [PMID: 851400 DOI: 10.1007/bf01314846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sera and bronchial washings from normal mice and from mice previously infected with influenza virus were analyzed for their concentration of four immunoglobulin (Ig) classes by the method of single radial immunodiffusion and for their content of specific antibody of these Ig classes by the immunofluorescent method. IgA were not detected in bronchial washings from normal mice. The IgA/IgG ratio was not higher than 0.33 in infected mice. The IgA level increased briefly in infected bronchial washings, but the levels of IgG2 and particularly of IgG1 exhibited a longer and higher increase. The maximal increase of these three Ig classes occurred by the seventh day and might have derived from transsudated serum. IgM was not identified in normal bronchial washings, but immunofluorescence detected IgM in infected washings, which also showed specific antibody in each of the four Ig classes. IgG2 and IgM contained antibody in greatest, IgA in lower concentration. Our results indicate that the most part of bronchial antibody was produced locally, since the ratio of Ig concentration to antibody titre of each Ig class was consistently higher for bronchial washings than for sera. An anamnestic secretory antibody response could not be demonstrated in bronchial washings.
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Lemercier G, Burchart MF, Fontanges R. [Bronchioloalveolar metaplasia during experimental influenza in mice--histological and ultrastructural study]. TOHOKU J EXP MED 1976; 118:59-79. [PMID: 1251446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Squamous and "adenomatous" metaplastic changes which developed in the lungs of mice during the healing phase of experimental influenza were studied by histology and electron microscopy. The squamous nests contained epithelial cells possessing bundles of tonfibrils and being similar to bronchial basal cells. The "adenomatous" cavities were lined, either by cells related to Clara cells or by basal type-cells, which underlined cells related to Clara cells. A local and transitory hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes occurred by the third week. Both kinds of metaplasia seemed to proceed from the bronchial or bronchiolar epithelium. The adenomatous cavities might partly result from progressive differentiation of squamous epithelial cells into cells of glandular type. A ten-month long histologic survey failed to exhibit carcinomatous transformation of metaplasia. Pleiomorphism of influenza regenerative metaplasia might arise from extensive and severe epithelial changes involving all levels of the lower respiratory tract. Such a long persistence of metaplastic changes remains unexplained.
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Lemercier G, Fournier JM, Salvador G, Fontanges R. [Experimental airborne A-Hong-Kong-1-68 (H3N2) influenza bronchopneumonia in Balb-c mouse. Histopathological, immunofluorescent and ultrastructural studies (author's transl)]. Beitr Pathol 1974; 152:395-407. [PMID: 4370968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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39
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Collomb H, Dumas M, Girard PL, Lemercier G, Tap D. [Primary hemorrhages of the brain stem. An anatomical and clinical study of 36 cases]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1973; 129:185-210. [PMID: 4794604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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40
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Collomb H, Quenum C, Girard PL, Dumas M, Lemercier G, Sarrat H. [Intracranial expansive processes in Senegal]. Afr J Med Sci 1973; 4:143-59. [PMID: 4708621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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41
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Collomb H, Dumas M, Girard PL, Lemercier G. [Bithalamic tumor. 2 anatomoclinical cases in Negroes]. Sem Hop 1972; 48:1795-807. [PMID: 4345775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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42
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Collomb H, Sankale M, Courson B, Lemercier G, Girard PL. [Anatomical and radiological aspects of carotid arteriosclerosis in Senegal]. Afr J Med Sci 1971; 2:259-66. [PMID: 5122606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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43
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Lafaix C, Lemercier G, Dumas M, Ancelle G, Rey M. [Acute encephalopathy in whooping cough. A study of 84 cases collected in Dakar]. Ann Pediatr (Paris) 1971; 18:201-7. [PMID: 5553972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Lemercier G, Mattei X, Rey M, Collomb H. [Ultrastructure of Negri bodies in a case of human rabies]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1970; 18:943-9. [PMID: 4921317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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46
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Williams AO, Lemercier G, Loewenson RB. Comparative autopsy studies on cerebral atherosclerosis in Nigerian and Senegal Negroes, American Negroesand Caucasians. Atherosclerosis 1970; 12:401-7. [PMID: 5531661 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(70)90044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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47
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Collomb H, Dumas M, Lemercier G, Girard PL. [Multiple sclerosis in Senegal]. Afr J Med Sci 1970; 1:257-66. [PMID: 5521683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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48
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Lemercier G, Virieu R, Dumas M, Collomb H. [Disseminated sclerosis in Senegal]. Acta Neurol Belg 1970; 70:309-32. [PMID: 4990663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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50
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Lemercier G, Bert J, Nouhouayi A, Rey M, Collomb H. [Cerebral malaria: electroencephalographic, neuropathologic aspects, physiopathologic problems]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1969; 17:459-72. [PMID: 4895734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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