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Mawhinney I, Errington J, Stamper N, Torrens N, Engelsma MY, Roest HIJ. Pooling of genital swabs for detection by PCR of
Taylorella equigenitalis
, the cause of contagious equine metritis. Equine Vet J 2018; 51:227-230. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Errington
- APHA Penrith Merrythought, Calthwaite, Penrith Cumbria UK
| | - N. Stamper
- APHA Penrith Merrythought, Calthwaite, Penrith Cumbria UK
| | - N. Torrens
- APHA Penrith Merrythought, Calthwaite, Penrith Cumbria UK
| | - M. Y. Engelsma
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research Lelystad the Netherlands
| | - H. I. J. Roest
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research Lelystad the Netherlands
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2
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Maas M, Gröne A, Kuiken T, Van Schaik G, Roest HIJ, Van Der Giessen JWB. Implementing wildlife disease surveillance in the Netherlands, a One Health approach. REV SCI TECH OIE 2017; 35:863-874. [PMID: 28332644 DOI: 10.20506/rst.35.3.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The surveillance of (emerging) wildlife diseases can provide important, objective evidence of the circulation of pathogens of interest for veterinary and/or public health. The involvement of multiple research institutions in wildlife disease surveillance can ensure the best use of existing knowledge and expertise, but can also complicate or add challenges to the integration of wildlife disease surveillance components into a national programme. Documenting the existing efforts in a country's surveillance of wildlife diseases, including the institutes in which it takes place, provides a basis for policy-makers and authorities to identify gaps and priorities in their current surveillance programmes. This paper describes the wildlife disease surveillance activities taking place in the Netherlands. The authors recommend that, in addition to funding these current activities, surveillance resources should be allocated with the flexibility to allow for additional targeted surveillance, to detect and adequately respond to newly introduced or emerging pathogens. Similar structured overviews of wildlife disease surveillance in other countries would be very useful to facilitate international collaboration.
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Jansen AFM, Schoffelen T, Textoris J, Mege JL, Bleeker-Rovers CP, Roest HIJ, Wever PC, Joosten LAB, Netea MG, van de Vosse E, van Deuren M. Involvement of matrix metalloproteinases in chronic Q fever. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:487.e7-487.e13. [PMID: 28179203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic Q fever is a persistent infection with the intracellular Gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii, which can lead to complications of infected aneurysms. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cleave extracellular matrix and are involved in infections as well as aneurysms. We aimed to study the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis of chronic Q fever. METHODS We investigated gene expression of MMPs through microarray analysis and MMP production with ELISA in C. burnetii-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with chronic Q fever and healthy controls. Twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MMP and tissue inhibitor of MMP genes were genotyped in 139 patients with chronic Q fever and 220 controls with similar cardiovascular co-morbidity. Additionally, circulating MMPs levels in patients with chronic Q fever were compared with those in cardiovascular controls with and without a history of past Q fever. RESULTS In healthy controls, the MMP pathway involving four genes (MMP1, MMP7, MMP10, MMP19) was significantly up-regulated in C. burnetii-stimulated but not in Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide -stimulated PBMCs. Coxiella burnetii induced MMP-1 and MMP-9 production in PBMCs of healthy individuals (both p<0.001), individuals with past Q fever (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively) and of patients with chronic Q fever (both p<0.001). SNPs in MMP7 (rs11568810) (p<0.05) and MMP9 (rs17576) (p<0.05) were more common in patients with chronic Q fever. Circulating MMP-7 serum levels were higher in patients with chronic Q fever (median 33.5 ng/mL, interquartile range 22.3-45.7 ng/mL) than controls (20.6 ng/mL, 15.9-33.8 ng/mL). CONCLUSION Coxiella burnetii-induced MMP production may contribute to the development of chronic Q fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F M Jansen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Expert Centre for Q fever and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
| | - T Schoffelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Expert Centre for Q fever and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - J Textoris
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, bioMérieux; "Pathophysiology of Injury Induced Immunosuppression (PI3)", Hôpital E. Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - J L Mege
- URMITE, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - C P Bleeker-Rovers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Expert Centre for Q fever and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - H I J Roest
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - P C Wever
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - L A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Expert Centre for Q fever and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - M G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Expert Centre for Q fever and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - E van de Vosse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M van Deuren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Expert Centre for Q fever and Radboud Centre for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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4
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van de Wetering D, Oliveira dos Santos C, Wagelaar M, de Kleuver M, Koene MGJ, Roest HIJ, Sinha B, Tomaso H, Bierman WFW, Stienstra Y. A cluster of tularaemia after contact with a dead hare in the Netherlands. Neth J Med 2015; 73:481-482. [PMID: 26687265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tularemia is thought to be rare in the Netherlands. Here we describe a cluster of two patients who contracted tularaemia after field dressing of a hare found dead. Additionally, infection from the same source is suggested in three animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D van de Wetering
- Departments of Internal Medicine÷Infectious Disease Service, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Q fever is an almost ubiquitous zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, which is able to infect several animal species, as well as humans. Cattle, sheep and goats are the primary animal reservoirs. In small ruminants, infections are mostly without clinical symptoms, however, abortions and stillbirths can occur, mainly during late pregnancy. Shedding of C. burnetii occurs in feces, milk and, mostly, in placental membranes and birth fluids. During parturition of infected small ruminants, bacteria from birth products become aerosolized. Transmission to humans mainly happens through inhalation of contaminated aerosols. In the last decade, there have been several, sometimes large, human Q fever outbreaks related to sheep and goats. In this review, we describe C. burnetii infections in sheep and goats, including both advantages and disadvantages of available laboratory techniques, as pathology, different serological tests, PCR and culture to detect C. burnetii. Moreover, worldwide prevalences of C. burnetii in small ruminants are described, as well as possibilities for treatment and prevention. Prevention of shedding and subsequent environmental contamination by vaccination of sheep and goats with a phase I vaccine are possible. In addition, compulsory surveillance of C. burnetii in small ruminant farms raises awareness and hygiene measures in farms help to decrease exposure of people to the organism. Finally, this review challenges how to contain an infection of C. burnetii in small ruminants, bearing in mind possible consequences for the human population and probable interference of veterinary strategies, human risk perception and political considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Van den Brom
- Department of Small Ruminant Health, GD-Animal Health, Deventer, the Netherlands.
| | - E van Engelen
- Department of R&D, GD-Animal Health, Deventer, the Netherlands
| | - H I J Roest
- Department of Bacteriology and TSE's, Central Veterinary Institute, Part of Wageningen UR, Edelhertweg 15, 8219 PH Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - W van der Hoek
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - P Vellema
- Department of Small Ruminant Health, GD-Animal Health, Deventer, the Netherlands
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Payne JH, Hogg RA, Otter A, Roest HIJ, Livesey CT. Emergence of suspected type D botulism in ruminants in England and Wales (2001 to 2009), associated with exposure to broiler litter. Vet Rec 2011; 168:640. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.d1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. H. Payne
- Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA) - Sutton Bonington, The Elms; College Road, Sutton Bonington Loughborough Leicestershire LE12 5RB
| | - R. A. Hogg
- AHVLA - Preston; Barton Hall, Garstang Road, Broughton, Preston Lancashire PR3 5HE
| | - A. Otter
- AHVLA - Shrewsbury; Kendal Road, Harlescott Shrewsbury Shropshire SY1 4HD
| | - H. I. J. Roest
- Department of Bacteriology and TSEs; Central Veterinary Institute; PO Box 65 8200 AB Lelystad The Netherlands
| | - C. T. Livesey
- Chris Livesey Consulting, Givendale House, Leppington; Malton North Yorkshire YO17 9RL
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7
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Roest HIJ, Hogerwerf L, van der Brom R, Oomen T, van Steenbergen JE, Nielen M, Vellema P. [Q fever in the Netherlands: current status, results from veterinary research and expectations of the coming years]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2011; 136:340-343. [PMID: 21614850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H I J Roest
- Afdeling Bacteriologie en TSE's, Centraal Veterinair Instituut van Wageningen U R, Lelystad
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8
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Sidi‐Boumedine K, Rousset E, Henning K, Ziller M, Niemczuck K, Roest HIJ, Thiéry R. Development of harmonised schemes for the monitoring and reporting of Q‐fever in animals in the European Union. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2010.en-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - E Rousset
- Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments France
| | - K Henning
- Friedrich‐Loeffler Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit Germany
| | - M Ziller
- Friedrich‐Loeffler Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Tiergesundheit Germany
| | - K Niemczuck
- National Veterinary Research Institute Poland
| | - HIJ Roest
- Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR the Netherlands
| | - R Thiéry
- Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments France
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Roest HIJ, de Bruijn CM, Picavet MTJE, Prins B, Parmentier D, de Zwart GMAM, Dijkstra YE, van Zijderveld FG. [Two horses with neurological symptoms: could this be equine botulism?]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2009; 134:790-795. [PMID: 19891336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Symptoms, diagnosis and therapy of equine botulism are discussed by the presentation of two detailed reports of horses with neurological symptoms and the results of laboratory investigations over the period 2003-2008 in the Netherlands. In addition a brief summary of the available literature is presented. Prevailing symptoms of botulism in horses include paralysis of the tongue, salvation, dysphagia and paresis and paralysis of the skeletal muscles, as well as signs of colic. Symptoms and prognosis vary with the amount of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) involved. For early clinical diagnosis of botulism thorough investigation of the facial nerves is important, for instance by the use of the 'Tongue Stress Test'. Laboratory results often remain negative, probably due to the sampling time, the high sensitivity of horses for botulinum neurotoxin or treatment with antitoxins. Most clinical cases in horses are caused by botulinum neurotoxin B (BoNT/B). For therapy to be successful antiserum needs to be administered in the earliest possible stage of the disease and this should be supported by symptomatic therapy. Botulism is a feed-related intoxication caused by either carcasses in the roughage or BoNT/B production after poor conservation of grass silage. This is the main source of botulism in horses due to the popularity of individually packed grass silage as feed for horses. As long as no vaccine is available in the Netherlands quality control of silage and haylage is strictly recommended in order to reduce the risk of botulism in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I J Roest
- Divisie Bacteriologie en TSE'S, Centraal Veterinair Instituut van Wageningen UR, Lelystad, Nederland.
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Holzhauer M, Roest HIJ, de Jong MG, Vos JH. [Botulism in dairy cattle in 2008: symptoms, diagnosis, pathogenesis, therapy, and prevention]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2009; 134:564-570. [PMID: 19645252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Botulism affects about 20 dairy herds a year in the Netherlands. This article describes the dramatic outcome of botulism in a dairy herd. The main clinical symptoms in this herd were increased lying down, slight ataxia of the hind legs, and a high mortality (98%). The diagnosis is difficult to establish in adult cattle, and for this reason the clinical and laboratory findings, differential diagnosis, therapy, and preventive measures are discussed. On the basis of this outbreak, previous experience with botulism, and cases described in literature, it is suggested that presence of 'free-range" poultry could contaminate grazing pastures with botulism neurotoxins, causing clinical problems in cattle. If there is an increased risk of contamination of the pasture and/or silage with botulinum neurotoxins, vaccination should be considered to prevent substantial economic and emotional damage.
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Orsel K, Roest HIJ, Elzinga-Bril EM, van Hemert-Kluitenberg F, Dekker A. Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in infected pigs by RT-PCR four weeks after challenge. Vet Rec 2008; 162:753-4. [PMID: 18540035 DOI: 10.1136/vr.162.23.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Orsel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Roest HIJ, Liebana E, Wannet W, van Duynhoven Y, Veldman KT, Mevius DJ. [Antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli O157 isolated between 1998 and 2003 in The Netherlands]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2007; 132:954-958. [PMID: 18225714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the antibiotic resistance of E. coli O157 in The Netherlands. In this study, 218 human and 247 nonhuman samples, isolated between 1998 and 2003, were tested for antimicrobial resistance. About 5.5% of E. coli O157 isolates from human samples were resistant, as were about 4.00% of E. coli O157 isolates from non-human samples. These figures are lower than those reported in the literature. Class I integrons were found in six multiresistant isolates. This type of integron is also found in commensal E. coli in food animals and Salmonella spp. One of the integron-positive isolates contained the beta-lactamase bla(TEM-1b) and an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), which belongs to the group 2 CTX-M enzymes. This is the first report of these beta-lactamases in E. coli O157 isolated from chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I J Roest
- Centraal Instituut voor DierziekteControle (CIDC)-Lelystad, Wageningen UR, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad
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Roest HIJ, Heath PJ, Dawson D, Markey G, Dijkstra YE, Engelsma M, van Zilderveld FG. [Summary of the First International Conference on Contagious Equine Metritis]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2007; 132:936-938. [PMID: 18085182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Hendriksen SWM, van Leengoed LAMG, Roest HIJ, van Nes A. [Neonatal diarrhoea in pigs: alpha- and beta2-toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 2006; 131:910-3. [PMID: 17278609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Since 2001 the Pig Health Unit of Utrecht University has been consulted by various pig farms regarding neonatal diarrhoea. When preventive measures against E. coli-induced diarrhoea had no or limited results, the diarrhoeic piglets were investigated further. The microbiological and pathological findings were indicative of infection with Clostridium perfringens. Toxin typing by polymerase chain reaction led to the detection of genes encoding a-toxin (cpa) and beta2-toxin (cpb2). Surprisingly, alpha- and beta2-toxin-producing C. perfringens was isolated from all tested herds with piglets with neonatal diarrhoea. From our observations, it is likely that many herds in the Netherlands are infected with beta2-toxin-producing C. perfringens strains. As present vaccines lack beta2-toxoid and thus do not provide piglets with protection against beta2-induced diarrhoea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W M Hendriksen
- Departement Gezondheidszorg Landbouwhuisdieren, Afdeling Varkensgezond-heidszorg, Faculteit der Diergeneeskunde, Universiteit Utrecht, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht
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Wakeley PR, Errington J, Hannon S, Roest HIJ, Carson T, Hunt B, Sawyer J, Heath P. Development of a real time PCR for the detection of Taylorella equigenitalis directly from genital swabs and discrimination from Taylorella asinigenitalis. Vet Microbiol 2006; 118:247-54. [PMID: 16971068 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Revised: 08/02/2006] [Accepted: 08/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A discriminatory real time PCR for the detection of Taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis (CEM), and the related species T. asinigenitalis was developed for the direct examination of genital swabs. The 112bp amplicons produced from the two species were discriminated from each other using TaqMan probes labelled with different fluorophores. The TaqMan PCR was shown to be specific for the 16S ribosomal DNA of the two species of taylorella and did not cross-hybridise with the 16S ribosomal DNA of other bacteria tested. Direct amplification from genital swabs was shown to be equally sensitive to that of culture methods. Prevalence in a sample set from The Netherlands was shown to be equivalent to that demonstrated by culture. A companion real time PCR that amplified a fragment of the 16S rDNA gene of equine commensal bacteria was developed to ensure bacterial DNA was extracted from swab material supplied for testing. The use of a rapid and reliable real time PCR for the organism causing CEM should aid the control of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Wakeley
- Technology Transfer Unit, Biotechnology Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK.
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