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Pessidjo Djomatcho L, Kowo MP, Ndam AN, Njonnou SRS, Kenfack GU, Andoulo FA, Bagnaka SFE, Bekolo WT, Malongue A, Babagna ID, Sida MB, Luma H, Njoya O. Normalisation of the psychometric encephalopathy score within the Cameroonian population. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:287. [PMID: 34247589 PMCID: PMC8273953 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is the presence of neuropsychological abnormalities detectable by psychometric tests. Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) is a gold standard test for the early diagnosis of MHE in cirrhotic patients. The aim of this study was to standardize the PHES in a healthy Cameroonian population and to evaluate the prevalence of MHE among cirrhotic patients.
Methods This was a prospective, multicentric study from 1 December 2018 to 31 July 2019 in two groups: healthy volunteers and cirrhotic patients without clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy. The results of the number connection test-A, number connection test-B, serial dotting test, line tracing test were expressed in seconds and those of the digit symbol test in points. Results A total of 102 healthy volunteers (54 men, 48 women) and 50 cirrhotic patients (29 men, 31 women) were included. The mean age was 38.1 ± 12.55 years in healthy volunteers and 49.3 ± 15.6 years in cirrhotic patients. The mean years of education level was 11.63 ± 4.20 years in healthy volunteers and 9.62 ± 3.9 years in cirrhotic patients. The PHES of the healthy volunteer group was − 0.08 ± 1.28 and the cut-off between normal and pathological values was set at − 3 points. PHES of the cirrhotic patients was − 7.66 ± 5.62 points and significantly lower than that of volunteers (p < 0.001). Prevalence of MHE was 74% among cirrhotic patients. Age and education level were associated with MHE.
Conclusion PHES cut-off value in Cameroonians is − 3, with MHE prevalence of 74% among cirrhotic patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-021-01858-7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathurin Pierre Kowo
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. .,University Teaching Hospital Yaounde, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Antonin Ndjitoyap Ndam
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Yaounde General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Gabin Ulrich Kenfack
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Firmin Ankouane Andoulo
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Servais Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Winnie Tatiana Bekolo
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Magloire Biwolé Sida
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Oudou Njoya
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,University Teaching Hospital Yaounde, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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2
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Yengo CK, Torimiro J, Kowo M, Lebon PA, Tiedeu BA, Luma H, Njoya O, Rowland-Jones S, Yindom LM. Variation of HLA class I (-A and -C) genes in individuals infected with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus in Cameroon. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05232. [PMID: 33102855 PMCID: PMC7569220 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA) work in concert with other immune factors to modulate immunity to viral infections. Extensive variation has been reported in the genetic sequences and functions of classical HLA class I genes in many (mostly Western) populations, and several HLA associations with infectious disease outcomes have been reported. Little is known about their role in the susceptibility or resistance to hepatitis viruses in Central African populations. The aim of this study was to determine variants of two HLA class I genes (HLA-A and -C) in adults infected with hepatitis B (HBV)- or -C (HCV) virus in Cameroon. In this case-control study, a total of 169 unrelated adults comprising 68 HCV-infected, 38 HBV-infected and 63 uninfected (controls) individuals participated. Each consented participant was screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV infections and willingly donated a single blood sample for genomic DNA isolation and some clinical laboratory tests. HLA-A and HLA-C were genotyped using previously described sequence-based techniques (SBT). A total of 54 HLA alleles were identified in the study population (27 HLA-A and 27 HLA-C). HLA-A∗23:01 and HLA-C∗07:01 were the most common alleles with genotype frequencies of 31.4% and 29.3%, respectively. Hepatitis individuals were six times more likely to be HLA-A∗30:01 carriers than uninfected controls (OR = 6.30, p = 0.020 (HBV); OR = 6.21, p = 0.010 (HCV), respectively). Similarly, carriers of HLA-C∗17:01 were over-represented in the HBV-infected compared to the uninfected control group (21.9% vs. 6.4%, respectively) suggesting that this allele could play a role in the susceptibility to HBV infection. These findings demonstrate that carriers of HLA-A∗30:01 were over-represented in the hepatitis group compared to uninfected controls while HLA-C∗17:01 was completely absent in the HCV + group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clauvis Kunkeng Yengo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Judith Torimiro
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS (CIRCB), Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Mathurin Kowo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Patrick Awoumou Lebon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Barbara Atogho Tiedeu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Oudou Njoya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Sarah Rowland-Jones
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louis-Marie Yindom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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3
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Kamdem F, Lemogoum D, Jingi AM, Guetchuin SC, Kenmegne C, Solange Doualla M, Luma H. Prevalence and determinants of abnormal glucose metabolism in urban and rural secondary schools in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study in a sub-Saharan Africa setting. Prim Care Diabetes 2019; 13:370-375. [PMID: 31031133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of Diabetes in children and teenagers increased by 30.2% between 2001 and 2009, with the main cause being an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Despite its high morbidity and mortality, few studies in Cameroon have focused on the study of abnormal glucose metabolism in schools. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study was carried out in three schools institutions of two health districts selected from a three-stage cluster sampling survey-which consisted of a simple draw without discount for department selection, a simple random survey for the choice of health districts, and finally a simple random survey for the choice of schools institutions. RESULTS Among the 815 participants, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and diabetes was 34.1% and 1.8% respectively. Glucose metabolism abnormalities were significantly higher in rural area than in urban areas (40% vs. 31.6%, p=0.016), and were significantly associated with abdominal obesity (p=0.027). Overweight and obesity were significantly higher in rural areas (p=0.0002), as well as abdominal obesity (p=0.0004). CONCLUSION Abnormalities of glucose metabolism are a major health problem in schools in Cameroon. Thus, it is urgent to develop a health policy involving teachers and parents in the fight against overweight and obesity in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félicité Kamdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Daniel Lemogoum
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; ULB-Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ahmadou Musa Jingi
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | | | - Caroline Kenmegne
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Marie Solange Doualla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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4
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Ngatchou W, Dreezen I, Kamdem F, Imandy G, Okalla C, Nkana A, Hacquebard JP, Origer P, Sango J, Lemogoum D, Mouliom S, Dzudie A, Ngote H, Hentchoya R, Metogo J, Germay O, Priso EB, Jansens JL, Luma H, Najdovski T. [Platelet collection in cardiac surgery: first experience with apheresis at the General Hospital in Douala]. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 31:41. [PMID: 30918567 PMCID: PMC6430850 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2018.31.41.16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is usually associated with the loss of a significant amount of blood. Adequate prophylaxis against blood loss and good perioperative hemostasis are known as processes limiting postoperative bleeding. Until now, the need for platelets in patients operated with extracorporeal circulation in our Department has been compensated for by total blood transfusion or platelet concentrates collected from several donors. We here report our first experience with platelet concentrate collection by apheresis at the General Hospital in Douala.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Ngatchou
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine et de Science Pharmaceutique de Douala, Cameroun
| | | | - Felicité Kamdem
- Service de Médecine et Spécialité Faculté de Médecine et Science Pharmaceutique de Douala, Cameroun.,Service de Médecine Hôpital Général de Douala, Cameroun
| | | | | | - Albert Nkana
- Service de Médecine et Spécialité Faculté de Médecine et Science Pharmaceutique de Douala, Cameroun
| | - Jean Pierre Hacquebard
- Service d'Anesthésie CHU St Pierre de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Pierre Origer
- Service d'Anesthésie CHU St Pierre de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Joseph Sango
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine et de Science Pharmaceutique de Douala, Cameroun
| | - Daniel Lemogoum
- Service de Médecine et Spécialité Faculté de Médecine et Science Pharmaceutique de Douala, Cameroun
| | | | | | - Henri Ngote
- Service de Médecine Hôpital Général de Douala, Cameroun
| | - Romuald Hentchoya
- Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Hôpital Général de Douala, Cameroun
| | - Junette Metogo
- Département de Chirurgie, Faculté de Médecine et de Science Pharmaceutique de Douala, Cameroun.,Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Hôpital Général de Douala, Cameroun
| | - Olivier Germay
- Service d'Anesthésie CHU St Pierre de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique
| | | | - Jean Luc Jansens
- Hôpital Erasme de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgique
| | - Henry Luma
- Service de Médecine Hôpital Général de Douala, Cameroun.,Direction de Hôpital Général de Douala, Cameroun
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5
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Ngatchou W, Kamdem F, Lemogoum D, Ewane DF, Doualla MS, Jansens JL, Sango J, Origer P, Hacquebard JJ, Berre J, de Cannière D, Alima MB, Dzudie A, Ngote H, Mouliom S, Hentchoua R, Kana A, Coulibaly A, Jingi AM, Mfeukeu-Kuaté L, Priso EB, Luma H, Ménanga AP, Kingue S. Late mortality after cardiac interventions over 10-year period in two Cameroonian government-owned hospitals. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2019; 9:43-49. [PMID: 30881876 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2018.11.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiac surgery is a growing activity in Sub-Saharan Africa, however, data related to long-term mortality are scarce. We aimed to analyze outcome data of cardiac interventions in two hospitals in Cameroon over 10 years' period. Methods we conducted a retrospective analytical and descriptive study at the Douala General Hospital and Yaoundé General Hospital. All patients operated between January 2007 and December 2017, or their families were contacted by phone between January and April 2018 for a free of charges medical examination. Results Of a total of 98 patients operated during the study period, 8 (8.2%) were lost to follow-up. Finally, 90 patients [49 (54.4%) women and 41 (45.6%)] men were included. The mean age was 49±22 years (range, 13-89 years). The surgical indications were valvular heart diseases in 37 (41.1%) cases, congenital heart diseases in 11 (12.2%) cases, chronic constrictive pericarditis in 4 (4.4%) cases, and intra cardiac tumor in 1 (1.1%) case. Valve replacement was the most common type of surgery carried out in 37 (41.1%) cases-mostly with mechanical prosthesis. Pacemaker-mostly dual-chambers were implanted in 36 (40.0%) patients. The median follow-up was 26 months. The overall late mortality was 5.7%, and the overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years were 95.5% and 94.4% respectively. The overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years for mechanical valve prosthesis were 93.3% and 90% respectively. The survival at 10 years was 100% for patients with bioprosthesis. The survival rates at 10 years were 94.1% and 100% respectively for dual and single chamber pacemaker. Conclusions Long-term outcome of cardiac surgery in hospitals in Cameroon are acceptable with low mortality rate. However, outcome metrics beyond mortality should be implemented for a prospective data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Ngatchou
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Félicité Kamdem
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Internal Medicine Department, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Daniel Lemogoum
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Marie Solange Doualla
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Internal Medicine Department, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jean Luc Jansens
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Erasme Hospital of Brussels, ULB, Belgium
| | - Joseph Sango
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Origer
- Department of Anesthesiology, St Pierre Hospital of Brussels, ULB, Belgium
| | | | - Jacques Berre
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Erasme Hospital of Brussels, ULB, Belgium
| | | | | | - Anastase Dzudie
- Internal Medicine Department, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Henry Ngote
- Internal Medicine Department, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Sidiki Mouliom
- Internal Medicine Department, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Romuald Hentchoua
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Units, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Albert Kana
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Units, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Aminata Coulibaly
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Units, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Ahmadou M Jingi
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Henry Luma
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | | | - Samuel Kingue
- Department of Cardiology, Yaoundé General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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6
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Kamdem F, Mapoure Y, Hamadou B, Souksouna F, Doualla MS, Jingi AM, Kenmegne C, Lekpa FK, Fenkeu JK, Imandy G, Mefo'o JPN, Luma H. Prevalence and risk factors of peripheral artery disease in black Africans with HIV infection: a cross-sectional hospital-based study. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2018; 14:401-408. [PMID: 30584314 PMCID: PMC6287665 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s165960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is not well known among HIV-infected patients in Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of PAD among HIV-infected patients at the Douala General Hospital (DGH). Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytic study between November 2015 and April 2016. We recruited patients aged ≥21 years, diagnosed with HIV infection, and who were receiving care at the DGH. We collected sociodemographic data and past medical history of patients. We measured their ankle-brachial index (ABI). We defined PAD as an ABI <0.9. We also measured their fasting blood glucose and lipid profile. Results We recruited 144 patients for this study. The mean age was 46±9 years, and 72.2% were females. Of which, 89% were on antiretroviral treatment (ARV). Their mean CD4+ T lymphocytes count was 451±306 cells/mm3. Their mean ABI was 1.12±0.17 and 1.07±0.11, respectively, on the left and right legs (P>0.05). The prevalence of PAD was 6.9% (95% CI: 3.4–12.4), and 60% of patients with PAD were symptomatic. After adjusting for age, sex and ARV, ARV treatment was protective (aOR: 0.18, [95% CI: 0.04–0.82], P=0.034), while WHO stages III or IV was associated with PAD (aOR: 11.1, [95% CI: 2.19–55.92], P=0.004). Conclusion The prevalence of PAD was not as high as expected in this group of patients with high cardiovascular risk infected with HIV. Advanced HIV disease was associated with PAD, while ARV was protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félicité Kamdem
- Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Yacouba Mapoure
- Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Ba Hamadou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon,
| | - Fanny Souksouna
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Marie Solange Doualla
- Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon,
| | - Ahmadou Musa Jingi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon,
| | - Caroline Kenmegne
- Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Fernando Kemta Lekpa
- Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Gisèle Imandy
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jean Pierre Nda Mefo'o
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Internal Medicine Service, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon,
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7
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Lemogoum D, Halle MP, Mboule RD, Van de Borne P, Bika Lele EC, Kamdem F, Doualla MS, Luma H, Hermans MP, Van Bortel L. Arterial stiffness in black African ancestry patients with chronic kidney disease living in Cameroon. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2018; 8:450-459. [PMID: 30214860 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2018.04.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), a direct measure of arterial stiffness (AS) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events (CVEs) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study assessed the patterns of PWV among Cameroonian patients with CKD in whom that marker of early vascular aging has not been explored so far. Methods We enrolled 150 Black African patients (mean age: 52±15 years, 56.7% males) with CKD in a cross-sectional study conducted at Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and biologic variables, blood pressure (BP) and PWV were recorded in all participants. Estimated aortic PWV was measured using a Mobil-O-Graph automatic brachial oscillometric device. Results PWV increased with aging (P<0.0001), and PWV adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and mean arterial BP (MAP) was higher in non-dialysed (n=90) than in hemodialysed (n=60) patients, even in pre-dialysis: 8.5±2.0 vs. 7.9±1.4 m/s (P=0.026); and in post-dialysis: 8.5±2.0 vs. 7.8±1.5 m/s (P=0.008). The mean PWV of all study participants was 8.2±1.8 m/s, with 61.3% of patients having a PWV ≥8.2 m/s, indicative of subclinical damage to the aorta, which was more pronounced in non-dialysis (67.8%) than in hemodialysis (53.3%) patients (P=0.033). Multivariable analysis performed in all participants revealed that advanced age, MAP and tobacco use were independently associated with PWV (all P<0.05). Conclusions Our findings suggest increased AS in Cameroonian CKD non-dialyzed as compared to dialyzed patients. Slower PWV in patients on maintenance hemodialysis suggests improvement of aortic distensibility following dialysis. However, further large-scale studies are needed to confirm our findings and to improve understanding of the underlying mechanisms of arterial stiffening in black African ancestry patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lemogoum
- Faculty of medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,ULB-Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.,Cameroon Heart Foundation, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Marie Patrice Halle
- Faculty of medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Ruth Dione Mboule
- Faculty of medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Cameroon Heart Foundation, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Felicité Kamdem
- Faculty of medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Bortel
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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8
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Kamdem F, Kenmegne C, Hamadou B, Mapoure Y, Lekpa FK, Mouliom S, Jingi AM, Luma H, Doualla MS. Multiple cerebral infarction revealing Takayasu's disease: a case report in a 32-year-old man from Cameroon, sub-Saharan Africa. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:569-573. [PMID: 29636915 PMCID: PMC5889272 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This case suggests that young patients with few vascular risk factors, and who present with acute stroke syndrome involving more than one vascular territory should be screened for an inflammatory or infectious cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félicité Kamdem
- Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon
| | | | - Ba Hamadou
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Yacouba Mapoure
- Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon
| | - Fernando K Lekpa
- Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon
| | - Sidicki Mouliom
- Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon
| | - Ahmadou Musa Jingi
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Marie Solange Doualla
- Internal Medicine Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon
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Kamdem F, Kedy Koum D, Hamadou B, Yemdji M, Luma H, Doualla MS, Noukeu D, Barla E, Akazong C, Dzudie A, Ngote H, Monkam Y, Mouliom S, Kingue S. Clinical, echocardiographic, and therapeutic aspects of congenital heart diseases of children at Douala General Hospital: A cross-sectional study in sub-Saharan Africa. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2017; 13:113-117. [DOI: 10.1111/chd.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Félicité Kamdem
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Douala; Douala Cameroon
| | - Danielle Kedy Koum
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Douala; Douala Cameroon
- Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital; Pediatric Service; Douala Cameroon
| | - Ba Hamadou
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaounde 1; Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Mélanie Yemdji
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaounde 1; Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Marie Solange Doualla
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaounde 1; Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Diomède Noukeu
- Douala General Hospital; Pediatric Service; Douala Cameroon
| | - Esther Barla
- Douala General Hospital; Pediatric Service; Douala Cameroon
| | | | - Anastase Dzudie
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaounde 1; Yaounde Cameroon
| | - Henry Ngote
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
| | - Yves Monkam
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
| | - Sidiki Mouliom
- Internal Medicine Service; Douala General Hospital; Douala Cameroon
| | - Samuel Kingue
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; University of Yaounde 1; Yaounde Cameroon
- Yaounde General Hospital; Yaounde Cameroon
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Kamdem F, Lemogoum D, Doualla MS, Kemta Lepka F, Temfack E, Ngo Nouga Y, Kenmegne C, Luma H, Hermans MP. Glucose homeostasis abnormalities among Cameroon patients with newly diagnosed hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2017; 19:519-523. [PMID: 28042916 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The authors assessed the frequency of glucose homeostasis abnormalities among 839 Cameroonians with newly diagnosed hypertension (mean age: 50.8±11 years; 49.9% female) in a cross-sectional survey conducted at the Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon. In all participants, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and lipids were recorded. Impaired fasting glycemia was described as an FPG level between 100 and 125 mg/dL and provisional diabetes as an FPG level ≥126 mg/dL. The FPG was 101±30 mg/dL. The overall proportion of abnormal glucose homeostasis was 38.3%, while 7.7% of patients (n=65) had known diabetes. A total of 23.7% (n=199) had impaired fasting glycemia and 6.8% (n=57) had provisional diabetes. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-2.06), age older than 55 years (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.15-2.09), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >1 g/L (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.00-1.82) were independently associated with abnormal glucose homeostasis (all P<.05). Glucose homeostasis abnormalities are highly prevalent among Cameroonian patients with newly diagnosed hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félicité Kamdem
- Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Daniel Lemogoum
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Marie-Solange Doualla
- Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Fernando Kemta Lepka
- Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Elvis Temfack
- Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Yvette Ngo Nouga
- Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Henry Luma
- Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Endocrinologyand Nutrition Unit, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Abanda MH, Dzudie A, Nganhyim L, Dzekem BS, Dzudie A, Hamadou B, Luma H, Douala MS, Priso EB, Dzudie A, Monkam Y, Luma H, Douala MS, Nana TN, Priso EB, Dzudie A, Nel G, Mocumbi AO, Sliwa K, Dzudie A, Hamadou B, Monkam Y, Mocumbi AO, Stewart S, Sliwa K. Illuminating the pathway for the next generation of cardiovascular medicine practitioners and researchers: Highlights of the Joint PASCAR-SCC clinical symposium on hypertension and heart failure, Cameroon. Cardiovasc J Afr 2017; 28:274-276. [PMID: 28906542 PMCID: PMC5646188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pan-African Society of Cardiology roadmap aims to achieve a 25% control of hypertension by the year 2025. Whether this is attainable or not depends largely on the capacity of healthcare providers and policy makers to address the rising prevalence of hypertension and its complications, including heart failure. Task sharing is fundamental in optimising hypertension control. The Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC) engaged with the Pan-African Society of Cardiology (PASCAR) and the Cameroon Cardiac Society (SCC) in a joint hypertension and heart failure symposium at the Douala General Hospital in 2016. The primary aims were to foster clinical research in cardiovascular medicine by raising awareness on cardiovascular diseases, to provide evidence-based training of an international standard, to encourage the conduction and dissemination of high-quality research, and to build programmes for continuing medical education. The secondary aim was to potentiate the 2nd Douala Research and Scientific Days. The symposium, which featured didactic lectures interspaced with oral/poster abstract presentations and a clinical visit, culminated in the launching of the book Heart of Africa, and the Young Investigator award. It is hoped that these served to capacitate existing cardiovascular structures, breed the next generation of cardiovascular physicians and researchers, and imprint a trail of clinical research excellence to be emulated in Cameroon and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin H Abanda
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon
| | - Loryane Nganhyim
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon
| | - Bonaventure S Dzekem
- Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | - Ba Hamadou
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | | | - Eugene Belley Priso
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Henry Luma
- Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ana O Mocumbi
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde, and Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Simon Stewart
- Mary Mackillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Australia
| | - Karen Sliwa
- Hatter Institute of Cardiovascular Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Ngatchou W, Ngbwa Evina A, Halle MP, Massom A, Ekane S, Basile E, Origer P, Haquebard JP, Olinga Olinga A, Jansens JL, Watel A, Lecain A, Bol Alima M, Van Uytvanck A, Segers B, Haentjens L, Berre J, Bal O, Preumont N, Kana J, Kamdem F, Hentchoya R, Etori P, Ndofor B, Ngote H, Kasum A, Coulibaly A, Doualla MS, Luma H, Cogan E, Lebrun E, Gamela G, Germay O, Mouelle A, Belley Priso E, Dzudie A, Lemogoum D, Dehon P. Outcome of permanent vascular access for haemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease in Cameroon: results from the pilot experience of the Douala general hospital. Acta Chir Belg 2016; 116:36-40. [PMID: 27385139 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2015.1136496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic Kidney disease is a major health problem in the world. Native arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) is well established as the best vascular access for haemodialysis. Little is known about the outcome of AVF in sub-Saharan Africa. We aim to analyze the outcome of patients undergoing AVF creation during the pilot program established at the Douala general hospital (DGH). Method This was hospital-based, longitudinal study with a retrospective phase (April 2010-January 2014) and a prospective phase (January 2014-April 2014). All consecutive patients operated for AVF creation were included in this study. Socio-demographics data, functionality, and complications were analyzed. Results Eighty-one patients including 52 men were enrolled in this study (49 prospectively and 32 retrospectively). The mean age was 52, 3 years (range 18-81 years). Hypertension (66, 7%), diabetes (17, 3%), and HIV (8, 6%) were the most observed co-morbidities. About 96.3% of AVF were native and 3.7% were prosthetic graft. Radiocephalic AVF was performed at a rate of 77.8%. The primary function rate was 97.7% and the mean follow-up period 43.4 weeks. The overall rate of complications was 44.4% of whom 30.5% were early, 30.5% secondary, and 39% lasted. The treatment of these complications was conservative in 48.7% of cases. Conclusions The results of the pilot program of AVF creation at the DGH are encouraging. However, the sustainability of this project requires human capacity building.
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Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Nganda MM, Dzudie A, Luma H, Kamdem F, Ngote HR, Monkam Y, Kuaban C. Prevalence and determinants of excessive daytime sleepiness in hypertensive patients: a cross-sectional study in Douala, Cameroon. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e008339. [PMID: 26224018 PMCID: PMC4521539 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and determinants of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) among a group of sub-Saharan Africans living with hypertension. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Cardiology outpatient unit of the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon. PARTICIPANTS Patients aged 15 years and over, being followed for hypertension between 1st January and 31st July 2013. Patients with unstable heart failure, stroke and head trauma were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE EDS was the outcome of interest. It was defined as an Epworth sleeping scale greater or equal to 10. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with EDS. RESULTS A total of 411 patients participated in this study, with a sex ratio (male/female) of 0.58 and a mean age of 55.56 years. No patient was underweight and the mean body mass index was 30 kg/m(2). Controlled blood pressure was found in 92 (22.4%) patients. The prevalence of EDS was 62.78% (95% CI 58.08 to 67.47). The factors independently associated with EDS were: type 2 diabetes (OR 2.51; 95% CI 1 to 6.29), obesity (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.52 to 4.97), snoring (OR 7.92; 95% CI 4.43 to 14.15) and uncontrolled blood pressure (OR 4.34; 95% CI 2.24 to 8.40). CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of hypertensive patients suffer from EDS and present a high risk of sleep apnoea. Preventive measures targeted on weight loss, type 2 diabetes and snoring should be considered among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Motto Malea Nganda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Félicité Kamdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Henri Roger Ngote
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Yves Monkam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
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Takah N, Dzudie A, Ndjebet J, Wawo G, Kamdem F, Monkam Y, Luma H, Ngu KB, Kengne AP. Ambulatory blood pressure measurement in the main cities of Cameroon: prevalence of masked and white coat hypertension, and influence of body mass index. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 19:240. [PMID: 25848455 PMCID: PMC4377287 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2014.19.240.4887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Identifying White Coat Hypertension (WCH) may avoid inappropriate commitment of individuals to lifelong and costly blood pressure (BP) lowering medications’. We assessed the prevalence and determinants of WCH in urban clinical settings in Cameroon. Methods Participants were a consecutive sample of adults, who underwent ambulatory BP measurements (ABPM) for the diagnosis of hypertension and evaluation of treatmentin three referral cardiac clinics in the cities of Yaounde and Douala, between January 2006 and July 2011. WCH was defined as an office-based systolic (or diastolic) BP ≥ 140(90) mmHg together with an average day time ambulatory systolic (and diastolic) BP < 135(85) mmHg. Results Of the 500 participants included, 188 (37.6%) were women, 230 (46%) were nonsmokers and 53 (10.6%) had diabetes mellitus. The mean age was 51.6±10.2years. The ABPM readings were higher in men than in women (p<0.05).The prevalence of WCH was 26.4% overall, 39.3% in women and22.4% in men (p=0.01).In multivariable analysis, body mass index was the only significant determinant of WCH (Odds ratio= 1.15(95% confidence intervals: 1.00-1.43), p<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of WCH was high in our study population and was correlated only with BMI. Accurate measurement of BP and appropriate diagnosis of hypertension using ABPM in this setting may help limiting the consequences of over estimating hypertension severity on individuals, families and health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Takah
- Global Health Systems Solution, Limbe, Cameroon
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon ; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa ; Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jules Ndjebet
- Douala cardiovascular centre of Bonapriso, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Guela Wawo
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Félicité Kamdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Yves Monkam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Kathleen Blackett Ngu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - André Pascal Kengne
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa ; South African Medical Research Council of South Africa, Cape Town South Africa Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa ; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Doualla M, Ashuntantang G, Luma H, Kamdem F. AB0836 Serum Uric Acid Level and Severity of Arterial Hypertension in A Treatment-Naive Hypertensive Population in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Luma H, Mapoure YN, Fotso ZM, Afane Ze E. Correlates of cigarette smoking among university students in Cameroon. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:270-4. [PMID: 23317965 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine factors associated with smoking among university students in Cameroon. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey was carried out using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire among a convenience sample of 3000 students from three universities (the Université des Montagnes, and the Universities of Douala and Yaounde 1) in Cameroon; 190 students (5.9%) did not consent to the survey. Socio-demographic characteristics and smoking trends were recorded. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for smoking. RESULTS Of the students selected, 1862 (62%) were male. The mean age was 23.3 years. We found that 30.1% of students had tried smoking and that 5.6% (n = 168) reported regular smoking. Smoking prevalence among male and female students was respectively 9.5% and 1%. The mean age of smokers was 24.1 years. Only 12.5% of regular smokers were nicotine-dependent. Factors motivating smoking were pleasure, imitation, snobbery and curiosity. In the multivariate analysis, smoking was statistically associated with age, male sex, exposure to friends who smoke and living with smokers. CONCLUSION Although the prevalence of smoking found in our study was low, effective tobacco control programmes targeting factors such as age, male sex and peer influence should be implemented in universities. Future studies are needed to evaluate the impact of these interventions.
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Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Afane Ze E, Luma H, Chebu C. Manifestations respiratoires liées à l’exposition à la fumée de cuisine. Rev Mal Respir 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2012.10.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tamdja AD, Ba H, Kengne AP, Menanga A, Kouam Kouam C, Abah J, Kamdem F, Mbouende YM, Luma H, Muna W, Kingue S. 219: Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in a self-selected sub-Saharan African urban population: A cross-sectional study. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(13)71150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ngahane BHM, Luma H, Njankouo YM, Nida M, Joko A, Mbenoun M, Wato S, Sone AM. HIV-seroprevalence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care hospital in Douala, Cameroon. African Journal of AIDS Research 2012; 11:349-52. [DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2012.754835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Luma H, Tchaleu BC, Doualla M, Temfack E, Sopouassi VN, Mapoure Y, Djientcheu VDP. HIV-associated sensory neuropathy in HIV-1 infected patients at the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. AIDS Res Ther 2012. [PMID: 23181417 PMCID: PMC3526567 DOI: 10.1186/1742-6405-9-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral neuropathy (PN) which is the most common neurological complication of HIV infection is under recognised and undertreated especially in resource limited settings. This ailment which has a negative impact on the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients exists in different clinical patterns of which HIV-associated Sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) is the most common affecting up to two thirds of patients with advanced disease in some settings. In Cameroon where HIV is a major public health problem, the burden of HIV-SN has not yet been well defined. Methods Using the Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screening (BPNS) tool validated by the AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) we carried out a cross sectional study to determine the prevalence of HIV-SN and its associated factors among HIV-1 patients at the Douala General Hospital between 1st July and 31st October 2011. HIV-SN was defined as the presence of neuropathic symptoms and at least an abnormal perception of vibrations of a 128Hz tuning fork on the great toe or abnormal ankle reflexes or both and expressed as a percentage of the study population. Results Out of 295 patients studied, 21% had HIV-SN. In HIV-SN patients the median duration of HIV infection was 79.8 months (IQR 46 – 107.5) and their median CD4 count 153cells/μL (IQR 80 – 280). Patient recall and clinical chart review showed that, 83.9% had neuropathic symptoms prior to HAART initiation and 16.1% after HAART initiation. Low CD4 count, history of alcohol intake and history of anti-tuberculosis treatment were strongly associated with HIV-SN (AOR 2.5, 2.8 and 2.9 respectively). Conclusions HIV-SN is common among patients with advanced HIV infection in Cameroon. This simple diagnostic tool (BPNS) should therefore be routinely used to detect those with HIV-SN or at risk so as to minimise the negative impact it has on their quality of life.
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Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Dzudie A, Epacka ME, Choukem SP, Doualla MS, Luma H, Kengne AP. Prevalence and determinants of undiagnosed diabetes in an urban sub-Saharan African population. Prim Care Diabetes 2012; 6:229-234. [PMID: 22682693 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To report the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and its determinants among adults Cameroonian urban dwellers. METHODS On May 17th 2011, a community-based combined screening for diabetes and hypertension was conducted simultaneously in four major Cameroonian cities. Adult participants were invited through mass media. Fasting blood glucose was measured in capillary blood. RESULTS Of the 2120 respondents, 1591 (52% being men) received a fasting glucose test. The median age was 43.7 years, and 64.2% were overweight or obese. The sex-specific age adjusted prevalence (for men and women) were 10.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.1-12.1%) and 11.2% (95%CI: 9.1-13.3%) for any diabetes, and 4.6% (95%CI: 2.6-6.6%) and 5.1% (95%CI: 3.0-7.2%) for screened-detected diabetes, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes increased with increasing age in men and women (all p ≤ 0.001 for linear trend). Older age (p<0.001), region of residence (p<0.001), excessive alcohol intake (p=0.02) were significantly associated with screened-detected diabetes, while physical inactivity, body mass index, and high waist girth were not significantly associated with the same outcome. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes is very high among Cameroonian urban dwellers, indicating a potentially huge impact of screening for diabetes, thus the need for more proactive policies of early detection of the disease.
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Dzudie A, Choukem SPN, Adam AK, Kengne AP, Gouking P, Dehayem M, Kamdem F, Doualla MS, Joko HA, Lobe ME, Mbouende YM, Luma H, Mbanya JC, Kingue S. Prevalence and determinants of electrocardiographic abnormalities in sub-Saharan African individuals with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc J Afr 2012; 23:533-7. [PMID: 22992779 PMCID: PMC3721941 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2012-054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of electrocardiographic abnormalities in a group of type 2 diabetes patients recruited from two referral centres in Cameroon. Methods A total of 420 patients (49% men) receiving chronic diabetes care at the Douala General and Yaoundé Central hospitals were included. Electrocardiographic abnormalities were investigated, identified and related to potential determinants, with logistic regressions. Results The mean age and median duration of diagnosis were 56.7 years and four years, respectively. The main electrocardiographic aberrations (prevalence %) were: T-wave abnormalities (20.9%), Cornell product left ventricular hypertrophy (16.4%), arrhythmia (16.2%), ischaemic heart disease (13.6%), conduction defects (11.9%), QTc prolongation (10.2%) and ectopic beats (4.8%). Blood pressure variables were consistently associated with all electrocardiographic abnormalities. Diabetes-specific factors were associated with some abnormalities only. Conclusions Electrocardiographic aberrations in this population were dominated by repolarisation, conduction defects and left ventricular hypertrophy, and were more related to blood pressure than diabetes-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dzudie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon
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Choukem SP, Dzudie A, Dehayem M, Halle MP, Doualla MS, Luma H, Kengne AP. Comparison of different blood pressure indices for the prediction of prevalent diabetic nephropathy in a sub-Saharan African population with type 2 diabetes. Pan Afr Med J 2012; 11:67. [PMID: 22655101 PMCID: PMC3361205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between blood pressure (BP) and diabetic kidney diseases in Africans has been less well investigated. We assessed and compared the strength of the association and discriminatory capability of systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) BP, pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) for nephropathy risk in sub-Saharan Africans with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants were 420 consecutive individuals (49% men) with type 2 diabetes receiving chronic care in two main referral centres in the two major cities of Cameroon. Logistic regression models were used to compute the odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for a standard deviation (SD) higher level of SBP (25 mmHg), DBP (13), PP (18) and MAP (16) with nephropathy risk. Discrimination was assessed and compared with c-statistics and relative integrated discrimination improvement (RIDI, %). RESULTS The adjusted OR (95% CI) for nephropathy with each SD higher BP variable were: 1.45 (1.15-1.84) for SBP, 1.33 (1.06-1.66) for DBP, 1.35 (1.06-1.71) for PP and 1.42 (1.13-1.78) for MAP. C-statistic comparison showed no difference in discrimination of models with each of the BP variables (p-values ≥ 0.69 for c-statistics comparison). However, RIDI statistic always showed and enhancement in models discrimination when other BP variables were replaced with SBP, although such an enhancement was marginal for MAP. Using BP combination modestly improved models? discrimination. CONCLUSION SBP was the best predictor of prevalent nephropathy in this population, while DBP was the less effective. This may have implication for kidney disease risk stratification and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon-Pierre Choukem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon,Corresponding author: Simeon-Pierre Choukem, Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital P.O. Box 4856 Douala, Cameroon
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Mesmin Dehayem
- Diabetes and Endocrine Unit and National Obesity Centre, Yaounde Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Marie-Solange Doualla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon,Department of Internal Medicine and Subspecialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon,Department of Internal Medicine and Subspecialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Andre-Pascal Kengne
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Cape Town & Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Mbatchou Ngahane BH, Luma H, Ndiaye M, Njankouo YM, Mbahe S, Wandji A, Temfack E, Mouelle Sone A, Dautzenberg B. [Prevalence of smoking among staff of the General Hospital of Douala, Cameroon]. Pan Afr Med J 2012; 11:25. [PMID: 22514759 PMCID: PMC3325063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction La prévalence du tabagisme parmi le personnel de santé hospitalier au Cameroun n'est pas connue alors que le tabagisme est en expansion dans ce pays avec 13,2% de fumeurs selon l'OMS. Pour combler ce manque une enquête sur les consommations, les connaissances, opinions et attitudes vis-à-vis des fumeurs a été conduite à l'Hôpital Général de Douala, l'un des hôpitaux de référence du Cameroun. Méthodes Du 1er au 30 Avril 2010, des questionnaires anonymes ont été distribués par des enquêteurs dans les services ou via les surveillants et recueillis et analysés de façon anonyme. Résultats Sur 402 questionnaires distribués 277 ont été récupérés. La prévalence de fumeurs est de 3,6% parmi les soignants et de 9,4% parmi les autres personnels soit en moyenne sur l'ensemble de l'hôpital 5,4%. Les produits fumés étaient toujours des cigarettes. L'initiation du tabagisme à souvent été tardive (21,5 ans) et la dépendance est absente ou faible chez 33% des fumeurs. Les personnes pensent que c'est leur devoir de questionner sur le tabac et de prendre en charge les fumeurs, mais ils sont presque un sur deux à ignorer la loi Camerounaise. Conclusion Le tabagisme chez le personnel hospitalier est une réalité au Cameroun; le personnel soignant et les pouvoirs publics devraient s'impliquer davantage dans la lutte contre ce fléau qui est en expansion dans les pays du sud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun,Corresponding author: Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou Ngahane, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun, BP 3554 Douala, Cameroun
| | - Henry Luma
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun
| | - Mor Ndiaye
- Service de Médecine du Travail, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar-Sénégal
| | | | - Salomon Mbahe
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun
| | - Adeline Wandji
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Laquintinie de Douala-Cameroun
| | - Elvis Temfack
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Général de Douala-Cameroun
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Mbatchou Ngahane B, Tchietche C, Wandji A, Wato S, Luma H. Prévalence de l’infection à VIH chez les patients tuberculeux pulmonaires à l’hôpital général de Douala, Cameroun. Rev Mal Respir 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.10.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dzudie A, Kengne AP, Muna WFT, Ba H, Menanga A, Kouam Kouam C, Abah J, Monkam Y, Biholong C, Mintom P, Kamdem F, Djomou A, Ndjebet J, Wambo C, Luma H, Ngu KB, Kingue S. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in a self-selected sub-Saharan African urban population: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2012; 2:bmjopen-2012-001217. [PMID: 22923629 PMCID: PMC3433777 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypertension has been established as a major public health problem in Africa, but its specific contributions to disease burden are still incompletely understood. We report the prevalence and determinants of hypertension, detection, treatment and control rates among adults in major cities in Cameroon. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS Community-based multicentre study in major cities in Cameroon. PARTICIPANTS Participants were self-selected urban dwellers from the Center, Littoral, North-West and West Regions, who attended on 17 May 2011 a screening campaign advertised through mass media. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES MEASURES: Hypertension defined as systolic (and/or diastolic) blood pressure (BP)≥ 140 (90) mm Hg, or ongoing BP-lowering medications. RESULTS In all, 2120 participants (1003 women) were included. Among them, 1007 (prevalence rate 47.5%) had hypertension, including 319 (awareness rate 31.7%) who were aware of their status. The prevalence of hypertension increased with age overall and by sex and region. Among aware hypertensive participants, 191 (treatment rate 59.9%) were on regular BP-lowering medication, and among those treated, 47 (controlled rate 24.6%) were at target BP levels (ie, systolic (and diastolic) BP<140 (90) mm Hg). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, male gender, advanced age, parental history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, elevated waist and elevated body mass index (BMI) were the significant predictors of hypertension. Likewise, male gender, high BMI and physical inactivity were associated with poor control. CONCLUSIONS High prevalence of hypertension with low awareness, treatment and control were found in this urban population; these findings are significant and alarming with consideration to the various improvements in the access to healthcare and the continuing efforts to educate communities over the last few decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastase Dzudie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - André Pascal Kengne
- NCRP or Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, South African Medical Research Council & University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Walinjom F T Muna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaounde General Hospital,Douala, Cameroon
| | - Hamadou Ba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaounde General Hospital,Douala, Cameroon
| | - Alain Menanga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaounde General Hospital,Douala, Cameroon
| | - Charles Kouam Kouam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bafoussam Regional Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Joseph Abah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bamenda Military Hospital, North West Region, Cameroon
| | - Yves Monkam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Christian Biholong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Mintom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaounde General Hospital,Douala, Cameroon
| | - Félicité Kamdem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Armel Djomou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Jules Ndjebet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Cyrille Wambo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Henry Luma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Kathleen Blackett Ngu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaounde University Teaching Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Samuel Kingue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yaounde General Hospital,Douala, Cameroon
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Ebana Mvogo C, Ellong A, Bella AL, Luma H, Achu Joko H. [Ocular complications of HIV/AIDS in Cameroon: is there is any correlation with the level of CD4 lymphocytes count?]. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol 2007:7-12. [PMID: 18018421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the ocular complications of HIV/AIDS in Cameroon and to determine if there is any correlation between their occurrence and the level of CD4 lymphocytes count. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective study was carried out at the General Hospital, Douala, from October 2004 to September 2005. All HIV positive patients with known CD4 count were retained for the study. Each patient had an exhaustive ocular examination. RESULTS A total of 57 patients including 30 females (52.9%) and 27 males (47.4%) were examined. The mean age was 38.9 years +/- 10.3. The eye examination was pathological in 36 patients (63.2%) and normal in 21 patients (36.8%). An ocular complaint was the inaugural manifestation of the disease in 31.6% of patients. The principal lesions of the anterior segment were herpetic keratitis (10.5%) and herpes zoster ophthalmicus (12.3%). The most common posterior segment lesions were cytomegalovirus retinitis (14%) and uveitis (15.8%). The mean CD4 count in our series was 118.3/mm3 +/- 106.7. 91.7% of patients with ocular complications have a CD4 count of less than 200/mm3. A non linear correlation was found between the CD4 level and the occurrence of ocular complications. CONCLUSION With the improvement of access to antiretroviral treatment, the ocular complications of HIV/AIDS are more common. The role of the ophthalmologist is therefore essential in the diagnosis and management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ebana Mvogo
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I. Cameroun
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Mvogo CE, Ellong A, Ndjock R, Bella AL, Luma H. [Torticollis in a group of strabismic patients in Cameroon]. Sante 2006; 16:89-92. [PMID: 17116630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to study the characteristics of torticollis in a group of strabismic patients in Cameroon. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a prospective study carried out in the ophthalmology service of the General Hospital, Douala from January 1991 to December 2004. All strabismic patients followed up in our service were included in this study and they all had a complete strabologic and ophthalmological examination. Torticollis was analysed using photographs and classified according to its configuration, degree and variability. RESULTS We examined 379 strabismic patients of which 227 were divergent (59.9%) and 152 convergent (40.1%). We found 166 cases of torticollis (43.8%). This pathology was found in 52.6% of patients with esotropia versus 37.9% in exotropia. Torticollis was classified as severe in 14.5% of patients, moderate in 45.8% and mild in 39.7%. Two out of three early esotropias had alternating torticollis. In congenital monophthalmus syndrome, torticollis was found in 68.4% of cases and in 100% of cases with the alphabetic syndrome. Moreover 63.8% of strabismics with torticollis have astigmatism. CONCLUSION Torticollis in strabismic patients is a cause for concern as it is frequent and its functional consequences are severe.
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Ebana Mvogo C, Ellong A, Owona D, Luma H, Bella LA. [Amblyopia and strabismus in our environment]. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol 2005:39-44. [PMID: 16281732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the characteristics of amblyopia in a group of strabismic patients in our environment in order to improve management. METHODS A prospective study was carried out in the General Hospital, Douala, from July 1991 to July 2003. All strabismic patients had a complete ophthalmological examination including an oculomotor evaluation and skiascopy after cycloplegia. RESULTS 330 patients were examined. The mean age at initial consultation was 13.97 years +/- 12.21. The prevalence of amblyopia was 80.46% in esotropia and 59.40% in exotropia. The precocity of strabismus, eccentric fixation, torticollis, presence of a vertical element and nystagmus were aggravating factors for amblyopia. CONCLUSION In order to carry out early and coherent management of strabismus, it is important to train and inform all those who are involved in the care process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ebana Mvogo
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroun.
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