1
|
Shinozaki J, Matsumoto H, Saito H, Murahara T, Nagahama H, Sakurai Y, Nagamine T. Low blood concentration of alcohol enhances activity related to stopping failure in the right inferior frontal cortex. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae079. [PMID: 38466111 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of low doses of alcohol, which are acceptable for driving a car, on inhibitory control and neural processing using the stop-signal task (SST) in 17 healthy right-handed social drinkers. The study employed simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography (EMG) recordings to assess behavioral and neural responses under conditions of low-dose alcohol (breath-alcohol concentration of 0.15 mg/L) and placebo. The results demonstrated that even a small amount of alcohol consumption prolonged Go reaction times in the SST and modified stopping behavior, as evidenced by a decrease in the frequency and magnitude of partial response EMG that did not result in button pressing during successful inhibitory control. Furthermore, alcohol intake enhanced neural activity during failed inhibitory responses in the right inferior frontal cortex, suggesting its potential role in behavioral adaptation following stop-signal failure. These findings suggest that even low levels of alcohol consumption within legal driving limits can greatly impact both the cognitive performance and brain activity involved in inhibiting responses. This research provides important evidence on the neurobehavioral effects of low-dose alcohol consumption, with implications for understanding the biological basis of impaired motor control and decision-making and potentially informing legal guidelines on alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shinozaki
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsumoto
- Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Saito
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takashi Murahara
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuuki Sakurai
- Division of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, 291, South 1 West 16, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagamine
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamashita T, Sasaki M, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Oka S, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Kobayashi M, Kakizawa M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Rehabilitation facilitates functional improvement following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in the chronic phase of cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res 2024; 1825:148709. [PMID: 38072373 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to investigate the potential facilitating effects of daily rehabilitation for chronic cerebral ischemia following the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in rats. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded by intraluminal occlusion using a microfilament (MCAO). Eight weeks after MCAO induction, the rats were used as a chronic cerebral ischemia model. Four experimental groups were studied: Vehicle group (medium only, no cells); Rehab group (vehicle + rehabilitation), MSC group (MSC only); and Combined group (MSC + rehabilitation). Rat MSCs were intravenously infused eight weeks after MCAO induction, and the rats received daily rehabilitation through treadmill exercise for 20 min. Behavioral testing, lesion volume assessment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histological analysis were performed during the observation period until 16 weeks after MCAO induction. All treated animals showed functional improvement compared with the Vehicle group; however, the therapeutic efficacy was greatest in the Combined group. The combination therapy is associated with enhanced neural plasticity shown with histological analysis and MRI diffusion tensor imaging. These findings provide behavioral evidence for enhanced recovery by combined therapy with rehabilitation and intravenous infusion of MSCs, and may form the basis for the development of clinical protocols in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Yamashita
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masato Kobayashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kakizawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Terada K, Sasaki M, Nagahama H, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Iizuka Y, Sakai T, Fukumura S, Tsugawa T, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Therapeutic efficacy of intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in rat perinatal brain injury. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1921-1928. [PMID: 37422495 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02717-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal brain injury is multifactorial and primarily associated with brain prematurity, inflammation, and hypoxia-ischemia. Although recent advances in perinatal medicine have improved the survival rates of preterm infants, neurodevelopmental disorders remain a significant complication. We tested whether the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) had therapeutic efficacy against perinatal brain injury in rats. METHODS Pregnant rats at embryonic day (E) 18 received lipopolysaccharide and the pups were born at E21. On postnatal day (PND) 7, the left common carotid artery of each pup was ligated, and they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 h. They were randomized on PND10, and MSCs or vehicle were intravenously infused. We performed behavioral assessments, measured brain volume using MRI, and performed histological analyses on PND49. RESULTS Infused MSCs showed functional improvements in our model. In vivo MRI revealed that MSC infusion increased non-ischemic brain volume compared to the vehicle group. Histological analyses showed that cortical thickness, the number of NeuN+ and GAD67+ cells, and synaptophysin density in the non-ischemic hemisphere in the MSC group were greater than the vehicle group, but less than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs improve sensorimotor and cognitive functions in perinatal brain injury and enhance neuronal growth. IMPACT Intravenous infusion of MSCs improved neurological function in rats with perinatal brain injury, including motor, sensorimotor, cognitive, spatial, and learning memory. Infused MSCs increased residual (non-ischemic) tissue volume, number of neuronal cells, GABAergic cells, and cortical synapses in the contralesional (right) hemisphere. Intravenous administration of MSC might be suitable for the treatment of perinatal brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Terada
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iizuka
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakai
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsugawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kurihara K, Sasaki M, Nagahama H, Obara H, Fukushi R, Hirota R, Yoshimoto M, Teramoto A, Kocsis JD, Yamashita T, Honmou O. Repeated intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells enhances recovery of motor function in a rat model with chronic spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2023; 1817:148484. [PMID: 37442249 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause paralysis with a high disease burden with limited treatment options. A single intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves motor function in rat SCI models, possibly through the induction of axonal sprouting and remyelination. Repeated infusions (thrice at weekly intervals) of MSCs were administered to rats with chronic SCI to determine if multiple-dosing regimens enhance motor improvement. Chronic SCI rats were randomized and infused with vehicle (vehicle), single MSC injection at week 6 (MSC-1) or repeatedly injections of MSCs at 6, 7, and 8 weeks (MSC-3) after SCI induction. In addition, a single high dose of MSCs (HD-MSC) equivalent to thrice the single dose was infused at week 6. Locomotor function, light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging were performed. Repeated infusion of MSCs (MSC-3) provided the greatest functional recovery compared to single and single high-dose infusions. The density of remyelinated axons in the injured spinal cord was the greatest in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1, HD-MSC and vehicle groups. Increased sprouting of the corticospinal tract and serotonergic axon density was the greatest in the MSC-3 group, followed by MSC-1, HD-MSC, and vehicle groups. Repeated infusion of MSCs over three weeks resulted in greater functional improvement than single administration of MSCs, even when the number of infused cells was tripled. MSC-treated rats showed axonal sprouting and remyelination in the chronic phase of SCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Kurihara
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hisashi Obara
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Fukushi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hirota
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yoshimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teramoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Komura S, Komatsu K, Mikami T, Akiyama Y, Kim S, Enatsu R, Nagahama H, Mikuni N. Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis Features in Aneurysm Development in Rats. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2023. [PMID: 37081649 DOI: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2023-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of how to control the development and growth of cerebral aneurysms is important for the prevention of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Although there have been several types of research studies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of brain aneurysm development and growth, there has been no unified interpretation of the CFD analysis results. The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of CFD analysis results related to the development of cerebral aneurysms using an animal model. Nineteen rat models of cerebral aneurysms were created, and the CFD analysis results between the cerebral aneurysm group [n = 10; the aneurysm was observed on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) within 10 weeks after aneurysm induction surgery] and the nonaneurysm group (n = 9) were compared. All aneurysms were confirmed on the proximal segment of the left cerebral artery (P1), and the cross-sectional area and curvature of the left P1 were evaluated together. In the cerebral aneurysm group, there was a decrease in wall shear stress (WSS) that is consistent with the location of the aneurysm compared to the nonaneurysm group. The cross-sectional area of the left P1 gradually increased in the aneurysm group but not in the nonaneurysm group. The mean curvature in the entire left P1 was higher in the aneurysm group than in the nonaneurysm group. This study revealed that the development of cerebral aneurysms is due to changes in vascular morphology, namely, an increase in vessel diameter and a high curvature, and a decreased WSS consistent with the site of aneurysm development using this animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sangnyon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University
| | - Rei Enatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saito T, Mikami T, Hirano T, Nagahama H, Enatsu R, Komatsu K, Okawa S, Akiyama Y, Mikuni N. Microbleeds Due to Reperfusion Enhance Early Seizures after Carotid Ligation in a Rat Ischemic Model. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2023. [PMID: 37019650 DOI: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired reperfusion in ischemic brain disease is a condition that we are increasingly confronted with owing to recent advances in reperfusion therapy. In the present study, rat models of reperfusion were investigated to determine the causes of acute seizures using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological specimens. Rat models of bilateral common carotid artery ligation followed by reperfusion and complete occlusion were created. We compared the incidence of seizures, mortality within 24 h, MRI, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to evaluate ischemic or hemorrhagic changes and metabolites in the brain parenchyma. In addition, the histopathological specimens were compared with those observed on MRI. In multivariate analysis, the predictive factors of mortality were seizure (odds ratios (OR), 106.572), reperfusion or occlusion (OR, 0.056), and the apparent diffusion coefficient value of the striatum (OR, 0.396). The predictive factors of a convulsive seizure were reperfusion or occlusion (OR, 0.007) and the number of round-shaped hyposignals (RHS) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) (OR, 2.072). The incidence of convulsive seizures was significantly correlated with the number of RHS in the reperfusion model. RHS on SWI was confirmed pathologically as microbleeds in the extravasation of the brain parenchyma and was distributed around the hippocampus and cingulum bundle. MRS analysis showed that the N-acetyl aspartate level was significantly lower in the reperfusion group than in the occlusion group. In the reperfusion model, RHS on SWI was a risk factor for convulsive seizures. The location of the RHS also influenced the incidence of convulsive seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Rei Enatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University
| | | | - Satoshi Okawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nagahama H, Sasaki M, Komatsu K, Sato K, Katagiri Y, Kamagata M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Terada K, Kobayashi M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. A practical protocol for high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance angiography for cerebral arteries in rats. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 386:109784. [PMID: 36608904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is an important tool in rat models of cerebrovascular disease. Although MRA has long been used in rodents, the image quality is typically not as high as that observed in clinical practice. Moreover, studies on MRA image quality in rats are limited. This study aimed to develop a practical high-spatial-resolution MRA protocol for imaging cerebral arteries in rats. NEW METHOD We used the "half position method" regarding coil placement and modified the imaging parameters and image reconstruction method. We applied this new imaging method to measure maturation-related signal changes on rat MRAs. RESULTS The new practical high-spatial-resolution MRA imaging protocol obtained a signal intensity up to 3.5 times that obtained using a basic coil system, simply by modifying the coil placement method. This method allowed the detection of a gradual decrease in the signal in cerebral vessels with maturation. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS A high-spatial-resolution MRA for rats was obtained with an imaging time of approximately 100 min. Comparable resolution and image quality were obtained using the new protocol with an imaging time of 30 min CONCLUSIONS: The new practical high-spatial-resolution MRA protocol can be implemented simply and successfully to achieve high image quality with an imaging time of approximately 30 min. This protocol will benefit researchers performing MRA imaging in cerebral artery studies in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Katsuya Komatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Katagiri
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masaki Kamagata
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kojiro Terada
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masato Kobayashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Neurology, PO BOX 208018, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ozawa N, Nagahama H, Sakemi Y. Francium ion source with novel methods of target heating and beam characterization. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:023306. [PMID: 36859041 DOI: 10.1063/5.0118754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel ion source and beam diagnostic system for the production and detection of radioactive francium (Fr) isotopes. The Fr ions are produced using a fusion-evaporation reaction at the RIKEN Nishina Center, Japan. The installation of an infrared heater has enabled a precise and rapid control of the target temperature, and the newly developed diagnostic system allows for a quantitative characterization of the extracted ion beam. With the new system, an analysis of the Fr208-211 isotopes has been performed. Additionally, the flux of Fr210 ions has been estimated as 6.7 × 106 s-1 corresponding to an extraction efficiency of 24.5% and a beam purity of 1.6 × 10-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Ozawa
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Nagahama
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Sakemi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Takemura M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Kiyose R, Nagahama H, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Kocsis JD, Ueba T, Honmou O. Repeated intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:402-411. [PMID: 34861644 DOI: 10.3171/2021.8.jns21687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability, and there are few effective treatments that improve function in patients during the chronic phase of stroke. Previous research has shown that single systemic infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves motor function in acute and chronic cerebral ischemia models in rats. A possible mechanism that could explain such an event includes the enhanced neural connections between cerebral hemispheres that contribute to therapeutic effects. In the present study, repeated infusions (3 times at weekly intervals) of MSCs were administered in a rat model of chronic stroke to determine if multiple dosing facilitated plasticity in neural connections. METHODS The authors induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and, 8 weeks thereafter, used them as a chronic stroke model. The rats with MCAO were randomized and intravenously infused with vehicle only (vehicle group); with MSCs at week 8 (single administration: MSC-1 group); or with MSCs at weeks 8, 9, and 10 (3 times, repeated administration: MSC-3 group) via femoral veins. Ischemic lesion volume and behavioral performance were examined. Fifteen weeks after induction of MCAO, the thickness of the corpus callosum (CC) was determined using Nissl staining. Immunohistochemical analysis of the CC was performed using anti-neurofilament antibody. Interhemispheric connections through the CC were assessed ex vivo by diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS Motor recovery was better in the MSC-3 group than in the MSC-1 group. In each group, there was no change in the ischemic volume before and after infusion. However, both thickness and optical density of neurofilament staining in the CC were greater in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group, and then the vehicle group. The increased thickness and optical density of neurofilament in the CC correlated with motor function at 15 weeks following induction of MCAO. Preserved neural tracts that ran through interhemispheric connections via the CC were also more extensive in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group and then the vehicle group, as observed ex vivo using diffusion tensor imaging. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that repeated systemic administration of MSCs over 3 weeks resulted in greater functional improvement as compared to single administration and/or vehicle infusion. In addition, administration of MSCs is associated with promotion of interhemispheric connectivity through the CC in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Takemura
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Departments of4Neurology and
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Kiyose
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- 2Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Ukai
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Departments of4Neurology and
- 5Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 6Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tetsuya Ueba
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Departments of4Neurology and
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nagahama H, Wanibuchi M, Hirano T, Nakanishi M, Takashima H. Visualization of cerebellar peduncles using diffusion tensor imaging. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2021; 163:619-624. [PMID: 32728902 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum communicates with the cerebral cortex via the superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles (CPs). To preserve the structure and function of the brainstem and cerebellum, which is compressed in various pathological conditions, it is important to delineate the spatial interrelationship of the CPs for presurgical planning and intraoperative guidance. Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) is a technique capable of depicting the major fiber bundles in CPs. However, routine use of this technology for brainstem visualization remains challenging due to the anatomical smallness and complexity of the brainstem and susceptibility-induced image distortions. Here, we attempt to visualize CPs using high-resolution DTT in a commercial equipment for the application of this technique in normal clinical settings. DTT and fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition-cycled phases (FIESTA) of the whole brainstem were performed. We rendered the DTT fiber bundle using a region-of-interest-based fiber tracking method onto the structural image generated in FIESTA by automatic image coregistration. Fibers of the CPs were clearly visualized by DTT. The DTT-FIESTA overlaid image revealed the cross-sectional and three-dimensional anatomy of the pyramidal tract and the ascending sensory fibers, in addition to the CPs. This could indicate a geometrical relationship of these fibers in the brainstem. The CPs could be visualized clearly using DTT within clinically acceptable scanning times. This method of visualizing the exact pathway of fiber bundles and cranial nerves in the skull base helps in the planning of surgical approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Chuo-ku, South-1, West-16, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Hirano
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Chuo-ku, South-1, West-16, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakanishi
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Chuo-ku, South-1, West-16, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takashima
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Chuo-ku, South-1, West-16, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Takashima H, Nakanishi M, Imamura R, Akatsuka Y, Nagahama H, Ogon I. Optimal acceleration factor for image acquisition in turbo spin echo: diffusion-weighted imaging with compressed sensing. Radiol Phys Technol 2021; 14:100-104. [PMID: 33471262 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-021-00607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the change in the image quality and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with increase in the acceleration factor (AF) was analyzed and the most optimal AF was determined to reduce the scan time while preserving the image quality. The AF was changed from 2 to 20 in the MR acquisitions. The similarities between the accelerated and reference images were determined based on the structural similarity (SSIM) index for DWI image and coefficient of variation (%CV) for ADC. The SSIM index decreased significantly when the AF ≥ 8 compared with when the AF = 2 (p < 0.05). In the reference image, the %CV of the ADC increased significantly when the AF ≥ 10 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, a remarkable decrease in the image quality and ADC was observed when the AF was > 8. Thus, an AF < 8 would be optimal for reducing the scan time while preserving the image quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takashima
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakanishi
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rui Imamura
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Akatsuka
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Izaya Ogon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nakazaki M, Oka S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Hashi K, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Prolonged lifespan in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (stroke prone) model following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells. Heliyon 2021; 6:e05833. [PMID: 33392407 PMCID: PMC7773587 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been reported to provide therapeutic efficacy via microvascular remodeling in a spontaneously hypertensive rat. In this study, we demonstrate that intravenous infusion of MSCs increased the survival rate in a spontaneously hypertensive (stroke prone) rat model in which organs including kidney, brain, heart and liver are damaged during aging due to spontaneous hypertension. Gene expression analysis indicated that infused MSCs activates transforming growth factor-β1-smad3/forkhead box O1 signaling pathway. Renal dysfunction was recovered after MSC infusion. Collectively, intravenous infusion of MSC may extend lifespan in this model system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hashi
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, 06516, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nagahama H, Sasaki M, Kiyose R, Yasuda N, Honmou O. [3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Analysis of Neural Plasticity Induced by Neuroregenerative Therapy]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2021; 77:1238-1244. [PMID: 34670933 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2021_jsrt_77.10.1238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Kiyose
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Naomi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Hashi K, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells improves impaired cognitive function in a cerebral small vessel disease model. Neuroscience 2019; 408:361-377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
15
|
Hirano T, Ichikawa K, Wanibuchi M, Mikami T, Suzuki J, Nagahama H, Mikuni N. Accuracy of computed tomography-magnetic resonance imaging image fusion using a phantom for skull base surgery. J Neurosurg Sci 2019; 66:9-16. [PMID: 30808859 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.19.04621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the positional accuracy of image fusions of the skull base region using different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) image pairs. METHODS An image set of 3D fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition-C (FIESTA-C) was used as the base image set. Image fusions were performed using an image set with different fields of view (FOVs): one with different matrix size, one with a different sequence of 3D spoiled gradient recalled acquisition, and one with different modality (CT), using a phantom including multi columnar objects. Position of columns at the center, and 4 and 8 cm from the center were measured. The displacements between the base image set and fused image set were measured. For slices with different z-positions, the displacement of the 8-cm column was assessed. For 20 clinical MRI cases, the distance between the dorsum sellae and the cranial nerves was measured. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the different FOVs or image sequences. However, with the different matrix sizes and modalities, significant displacements were observed, although they were all within 0.5 mm. Similar displacements were observed in the slices at different z-positions. All cranial nerves were located within 40 mm of the dorsum sellae. CONCLUSIONS The displacements following image fusion were within approximately 0.5 mm, even at 8 cm from the center. This suggests that the region where the cranial nerves are located, within 40 mm of the dorsum sellae, had no risk of positional error following image fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hirano
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan -
| | - Katsuhiro Ichikawa
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Mikuni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Namioka T, Namioka A, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral infarction. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1289-1296. [PMID: 30485210 DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.jns18140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult bone marrow improves behavioral function in rat models of cerebral infarction. Although clinical studies are ongoing, most studies have focused on the acute or subacute phase of stroke. In the present study, MSCs derived from bone marrow of rats were intravenously infused 8 weeks after the induction of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to investigate whether delayed systemic injection of MSCs improves functional outcome in the chronic phase of stroke in rats. METHODS Eight weeks after induction of the MCAO, the rats were randomized and intravenously infused with either MSCs or vehicle. Ischemic volume and behavioral performance were examined. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was assessed by quantifying the leakage of Evans blue into the brain parenchyma after intravenous infusion. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to evaluate the stability of the BBB. RESULTS Motor recovery was better in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group, with rapid improvement (evident at 1 week post-infusion). In MSC-treated rats, reduced BBB leakage and increased microvasculature/repair and neovascularization were observed. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the systemic infusion of MSCs results in functional improvement, which is associated with structural changes in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction, including in the stabilization of the BBB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 2Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Namioka A, Namioka T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for protection against brainstem infarction in a persistent basilar artery occlusion model in the adult rat. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1308-1316. [PMID: 30485204 DOI: 10.3171/2018.4.jns173121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Morbidity and mortality in patients with posterior circulation stroke remains an issue despite advances in acute stroke therapies. The intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) elicits therapeutic efficacy in experimental supratentorial stroke models. However, since there are few reliable animal models of ischemia in the posterior circulation, the therapeutic approach with intravenous MSC infusion has not been tested. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that intravenously infused MSCs provide functional recovery in a newly developed model of brainstem infarction in rats. METHODS Basilar artery (BA) occlusion (BAO) was established in rats by selectively ligating 4 points of the proximal BA with 10-0 nylon monofilament suture. The intravenous infusion of MSCs was performed 1 day after BAO induction. MRI and histological examinations were performed to assess ischemic lesion volume, while multiple behavioral tests were performed to evaluate functional recovery. RESULTS The MSC-treated group exhibited a greater reduction in ischemic lesion volume, while behavioral testing indicated that the MSC-infused group had greater improvement than the vehicle group 28 days after the MSC infusion. Accumulated infused MSCs were observed in the ischemic brainstem lesion. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs may provide neuroprotection to facilitate functional outcomes and reduce ischemic lesion volume as evaluated in a newly developed rat model of persistent BAO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 2Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nagahama H, Suzuki J, Sasaki M, Nakazaki M, Honmou O. [8. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Mechanisms in Regeneration Therapy for Cerebral Infarction Using Pre-clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2018; 74:722-725. [PMID: 30033967 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2018_jsrt_74.7.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital.,Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital.,Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nagahama H, Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Namioka T, Namioka A, Oka S, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Preservation of interhemispheric cortical connections through corpus callosum following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of cerebral infarction. Brain Res 2018; 1695:37-44. [PMID: 29802840 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following cerebral infarction exerts functional improvements. Previous research has suggested potential therapeutic mechanisms that promote neuroprotection and synaptogenesis. These include secretion of neurotrophic factors, remodeling of neural circuits, restoration of the blood brain barrier, reduction of inflammatory infiltration and demyelination, and elevation of trophic factors. In addition to these mechanisms, we hypothesized that restored interhemispheric bilateral motor cortex connectivity might be an additional mechanism of functional recovery. In the present study, we have shown, with both MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neuroanatomical tracing techniques using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing GFP, that there was anatomical restoration of cortical interhemispheric connections through the corpus callosum after intravenous infusion of MSCs in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model. Moreover, the degree of connectivity was greater in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-infused group. In accordance, both the thickness of corpus callosum and synaptic puncta in the contralateral (non-infarcted) motor cortex connected to the corpus callosum were greater in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle group. Together, these results suggest that distinct preservation of interhemispheric cortical connections through corpus callosum was promoted by intravenous infusion of MSCs. This anatomical preservation of the motor cortex in the contralateral hemisphere may contribute to functional improvements following MSC therapy for cerebral stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ulmer S, Mooser A, Nagahama H, Sellner S, Smorra C. Challenging the standard model by high-precision comparisons of the fundamental properties of protons and antiprotons. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0275. [PMID: 29459414 PMCID: PMC5829177 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The BASE collaboration investigates the fundamental properties of protons and antiprotons, such as charge-to-mass ratios and magnetic moments, using advanced cryogenic Penning trap systems. In recent years, we performed the most precise measurement of the magnetic moments of both the proton and the antiproton, and conducted the most precise comparison of the proton-to-antiproton charge-to-mass ratio. In addition, we have set the most stringent constraint on directly measured antiproton lifetime, based on a unique reservoir trap technique. Our matter/antimatter comparison experiments provide stringent tests of the fundamental charge-parity-time invariance, which is one of the fundamental symmetries of the standard model of particle physics. This article reviews the recent achievements of BASE and gives an outlook to our physics programme in the ELENA era.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Antiproton physics in the ELENA era'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ulmer
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Mooser
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Nagahama
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Sellner
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Smorra
- Ulmer Fundamental Symmetries Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fukumura S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Nagahama H, Morita T, Sakai T, Tsutsumi H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells reduces epileptogenesis in a rat model of status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res 2018; 141:56-63. [PMID: 29475054 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Status epilepticus (SE) causes neuronal cell death, aberrant mossy fiber sprouting (MFS), and cognitive deteriorations. The present study tested the hypothesis that systemically infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce epileptogenesis by inhibiting neuronal cell death and suppressing aberrant MFS, leading to cognitive function preservation in a rat model of epilepsy. METHODS SE was induced using the lithium-pilocarpine injection model. The seizure frequency was scored using a video-monitoring system and the Morris water maze test was carried out to evaluate cognitive function. Comparisons were made between MSCs- and vehicle-infused rats. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect Green fluorescent protein (GFP)+ MSCs and to quantify the number of GAD67+ and NeuN+ neurons in the hippocampus. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) and Timm staining were also performed to assess the MFS. RESULTS MSC infusion inhibited epileptogenesis and preserved cognitive function after SE. The infused GFP+ MSCs were accumulated in the hippocampus and were associated with the preservation of GAD67+ and NeuN+ hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, the MSC infusion suppressed the aberrant MFS in the hippocampus as evidenced by MEMRI and Timm staining. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the intravenous infusion of MSCs mitigated epileptogenesis, thus advancing MSCs as an effective approach for epilepsy in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Takashima H, Takebayashi T, Ogon I, Yoshimoto M, Morita T, Imamura R, Nakanishi M, Nagahama H, Terashima Y, Yamashita T. Analysis of intra and extramyocellular lipids in the multifidus muscle in patients with chronic low back pain using MR spectroscopy. Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20170536. [PMID: 29227152 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20170536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the intra- (IMCL) and extramyocellular lipids (EMCL) concentration in the multifidus muscle (Mm) using MR spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with low back pain (LBP), and to evaluate the correlation between those lipid concentrations and age, obesity, atrophy of the Mm and LBP intensity. METHODS 60 LBP patients underwent routine diagnostic MRI of the lumbar spine before undergoing imaging for the study. Body mass index, as an indicator of obesity and visual analogue scale, as an indicator of LBP were also measured. Proton MRS was acquired with a single-voxel point-resolved spectroscopy sequence. Furthermore, the MRS volume of interest for measuring the IMCL and EMCL concentration at L4/5 for the right Mm was determined, and we measured the cross-sectional area of Mm as an indicator of muscle atrophy. RESULTS Age showed correlation with EMCL concentration (r = 0.314, p = 0.008). The body mass index showed correlation with EMCL concentration (r = 0.358, p = 0.005). The cross-sectional area of Mm showed correlation with EMCL concentration (r = -0.543, p < 0.001). Moreover, the LBP visual analogue scale showed correlation with IMCL concentration (r = 0.367, p = 0.004). CONCLUSION There were correlations between age, obesity, muscle atrophy, and EMCL concentration in Mm. IMCL concentration in Mm showed a correlation with LBP intensity. This may suggest that IMCL concentration could become an effective objective indicator of chronic LBP intensity. Advances in knowledge: We investigated the characteristics of fat content in Mm with LBP patients. This study was demonstrated the association of the IMCL and EMCL concentration in Mm with various patient parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takashima
- 1 Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan.,2 Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Tsuneo Takebayashi
- 3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Maruyama Orthopaedic Hospital , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Izaya Ogon
- 1 Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Mitsunori Yoshimoto
- 1 Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- 1 Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Rui Imamura
- 2 Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakanishi
- 2 Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 2 Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Yoshinori Terashima
- 1 Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Toshihiko Yamashita
- 1 Department Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine , Sapporo, Hokkaido , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Smorra C, Sellner S, Borchert MJ, Harrington JA, Higuchi T, Nagahama H, Tanaka T, Mooser A, Schneider G, Bohman M, Blaum K, Matsuda Y, Ospelkaus C, Quint W, Walz J, Yamazaki Y, Ulmer S. A parts-per-billion measurement of the antiproton magnetic moment. Nature 2017; 550:371-374. [DOI: 10.1038/nature24048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
24
|
Nakamura H, Sasaki Y, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Namioka T, Namioka A, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Nagahama H, Mikami T, Wanibuchi M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Elevated brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in plasma reflect in vivo functional viability of infused mesenchymal stem cells for stroke in rats. J Neurosurg Sci 2017; 63:42-49. [PMID: 28181779 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.17.03989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult bone marrow elicits functional recovery in rat stroke models and clinical studies in patients are ongoing. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophic factor produced by MSCs and may contribute to their therapeutic efficacy. The purpose of the current study was to determine if BDNF is elevated in infarcted brain and in which compartment of blood (plasma or serum) after intravenous MSC infusion in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in the rat. METHODS In rats, a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced by intraluminal vascular occlusion with a microfilament and MSCs were intravenously administered 6 h after right MCAO induction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of brain, serum and plasma BDNF were performed after the MSC infusion following the MCAO induction. Lesion volume was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Functional outcome was assessed using the Limb Placement Test. RESULTS Infused MSCs reduced lesion volume and elicited functional improvement compared to the vehicle infused group. ELISA analysis of the MSC treated group revealed an increase BDNF levels in the infarcted hemisphere of the brain and plasma, but not in serum. The MSC group showed a greater increase in BDNF levels than sham control. In the MSC group, the expression of increased plasma BDNF levels correlated with increased brain BDNF levels. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis that BDNF levels in plasma, but not serum, may be more appropriate to detect circulating BDNF in vivo following MSC infusion in a cerebral infarction rat model of ischemic stroke. Further, plasma BDNF might reflect in vivo functional viability of infused MSCs after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Nakamura
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan - .,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nagahama H, Smorra C, Sellner S, Harrington J, Higuchi T, Borchert MJ, Tanaka T, Besirli M, Mooser A, Schneider G, Blaum K, Matsuda Y, Ospelkaus C, Quint W, Walz J, Yamazaki Y, Ulmer S. Sixfold improved single particle measurement of the magnetic moment of the antiproton. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14084. [PMID: 28098156 PMCID: PMC5253646 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of the Universe comes, among others, from particle physics and cosmology. In particle physics an almost perfect symmetry between matter and antimatter exists. On cosmological scales, however, a striking matter/antimatter imbalance is observed. This contradiction inspires comparisons of the fundamental properties of particles and antiparticles with high precision. Here we report on a measurement of the g-factor of the antiproton with a fractional precision of 0.8 parts per million at 95% confidence level. Our value /2=2.7928465(23) outperforms the previous best measurement by a factor of 6. The result is consistent with our proton g-factor measurement gp/2=2.792847350(9), and therefore agrees with the fundamental charge, parity, time (CPT) invariance of the Standard Model of particle physics. Additionally, our result improves coefficients of the standard model extension which discusses the sensitivity of experiments with respect to CPT violation by up to a factor of 20.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Nagahama
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - C. Smorra
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S. Sellner
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J. Harrington
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Higuchi
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - M. J. Borchert
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - T. Tanaka
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - M. Besirli
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A. Mooser
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G. Schneider
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K. Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y. Matsuda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - C. Ospelkaus
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, QUEST, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - W. Quint
- GSI-Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J. Walz
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, sektion MAM, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Y. Yamazaki
- RIKEN, Atomic Physics Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S. Ulmer
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Namioka T, Namioka A, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Mikami T, Wanibuchi M, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells inhibits intracranial hemorrhage after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. J Neurosurg 2017; 127:917-926. [PMID: 28059661 DOI: 10.3171/2016.8.jns16240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reperfusion therapy with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke. However, hemorrhagic complications can result. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduces stroke volume and improves behavioral function in experimental stroke models. One suggested therapeutic mechanism is inhibition of vascular endothelial dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine whether MSCs suppress hemorrhagic events after rtPA therapy in the acute phase of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in rats. METHODS After induction of tMCAO, 4 groups were studied: 1) normal saline [NS]+vehicle, 2) rtPA+vehicle, 3) NS+MSCs, and 4) rtPA+MSCs. The incidence rate of intracerebral hemorrhage, both hemorrhagic and ischemic volume, and behavioral performance were examined. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in the brain were assessed with zymography. Quantitative analysis of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was performed to assess hemodynamic change in the ischemic lesion. RESULTS The MSC-treated groups (Groups 3 and 4) experienced a greater reduction in the incidence rate of intracerebral hemorrhage and hemorrhagic volume 1 day after tMCAO even if rtPA was received. The application of rtPA enhanced activation of MMP-9, but MSCs inhibited MMP-9 activation. Behavioral testing indicated that both MSC-infused groups had greater improvement than non-MSC groups had, but rtPA+MSCs provided greater improvement than MSCs alone. The rCBF ratio of rtPA groups (Groups 2 and 4) was similar at 2 hours after reperfusion of tMCAO, but both were greater than that in non-rtPA groups. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs may inhibit endothelial dysfunction to suppress hemorrhagic events and facilitate functional outcome. Combined therapy of infused MSCs after rtPA therapy facilitated early behavioral recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and
| | - Takeshi Mikami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, and.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wanibe Y, Itoh T, Umezawa K, Nagahama H, Nuri Y. Application of new techniques for characterization of non-metallic inclusions in steel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/srin.199501107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimoto Wanibe
- Department of Materials Processing Engineering; Nagoya University
| | - Takashi Itoh
- Department of Materials Processing Engineering; Nagoya University
| | | | | | - Yoshio Nuri
- Hirohata Works; Nippon Steel Corporation; Japan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nagahama H, Schneider G, Mooser A, Smorra C, Sellner S, Harrington J, Higuchi T, Borchert M, Tanaka T, Besirli M, Blaum K, Matsuda Y, Ospelkaus C, Quint W, Walz J, Yamazaki Y, Ulmer S. Highly sensitive superconducting circuits at ∼700 kHz with tunable quality factors for image-current detection of single trapped antiprotons. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:113305. [PMID: 27910537 DOI: 10.1063/1.4967493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed highly sensitive image-current detection systems based on superconducting toroidal coils and ultra-low noise amplifiers for non-destructive measurements of the axial frequencies (550-800 kHz) of single antiprotons stored in a cryogenic multi-Penning-trap system. The unloaded superconducting tuned circuits show quality factors of up to 500 000, which corresponds to a factor of 10 improvement compared to our previously used solenoidal designs. Connected to ultra-low noise amplifiers and the trap system, signal-to-noise-ratios of 30 dB at quality factors of >20 000 are achieved. In addition, we have developed a superconducting switch which allows continuous tuning of the detector's quality factor and to sensitively tune the particle-detector interaction. This allowed us to improve frequency resolution at constant averaging time, which is crucial for single antiproton spin-transition spectroscopy experiments, as well as improved measurements of the proton-to-antiproton charge-to-mass ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nagahama
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G Schneider
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Mooser
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Smorra
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Sellner
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Harrington
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Higuchi
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Borchert
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - T Tanaka
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Besirli
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y Matsuda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - C Ospelkaus
- Institut für Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - W Quint
- GSI - Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Walz
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Y Yamazaki
- RIKEN, Atomic Physics Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Ulmer
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Morita T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Nakazaki M, Nagahama H, Oka S, Oshigiri T, Takebayashi T, Yamashita T, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in a model of chronic spinal cord injury. Neuroscience 2016; 335:221-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
30
|
Nagahama H, Shonai T, Takashima H, Hirano T, Suzuki J, Sakurai Y. MRI of Perfusion: Principles and Clinical Applications. Igaku Butsuri 2016; 36:103-109. [PMID: 28428452 DOI: 10.11323/jjmp.36.2_103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The principle and clinical application of measurement of cerebral blood perfusion (CBP) using MRI are described. Purposes of measuring CBP using MRI are wide-ranging. Generally, it is used to diagnose cerebro-vascular disorders or brain tumors. There are two types of measuring methods. One is dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) method using a contrast agent as a tracer. Another is an arterial spin labeling (ASL) method using protons in arterial blood as an endogenous tracer, instead of bio-exogenous tracer. Basic theory of ASL method was published in the 1990s, recently, its clinical application has been spreading rapidly by the technological innovations. ASL method is attractive as a way to measure CBP because of its non-invasiveness (no radiation-exposure, not need intravenous injection or blood sampling), and the imaging time is about 5 minutes, thereby the measurement can be repeated. The analysis of DSC method has not been standardized, though various valuable parameters are provided. And the prerequisite of DSC method is uncertain in vivo. On the other hand, the result of ASL is affected by the post labeling delay, and limited to the arterial information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| | - Takaharu Shonai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Sapporo Teishinkai Hospital
| | - Hiroyuki Takashima
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| | - Toru Hirano
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| | - Yuki Sakurai
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Onodera M, Yama N, Hashimoto M, Shonai T, Aratani K, Takashima H, Kamo KI, Nagahama H, Ohguro H, Hatakenaka M. The signal intensity ratio of the optic nerve to ipsilateral frontal white matter is of value in the diagnosis of acute optic neuritis. Eur Radiol 2015; 26:2640-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-4114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
32
|
Ulmer S, Smorra C, Mooser A, Franke K, Nagahama H, Schneider G, Higuchi T, Van Gorp S, Blaum K, Matsuda Y, Quint W, Walz J, Yamazaki Y. High-precision comparison of the antiproton-to-proton charge-to-mass ratio. Nature 2015; 524:196-9. [PMID: 26268189 DOI: 10.1038/nature14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Invariance under the charge, parity, time-reversal (CPT) transformation is one of the fundamental symmetries of the standard model of particle physics. This CPT invariance implies that the fundamental properties of antiparticles and their matter-conjugates are identical, apart from signs. There is a deep link between CPT invariance and Lorentz symmetry--that is, the laws of nature seem to be invariant under the symmetry transformation of spacetime--although it is model dependent. A number of high-precision CPT and Lorentz invariance tests--using a co-magnetometer, a torsion pendulum and a maser, among others--have been performed, but only a few direct high-precision CPT tests that compare the fundamental properties of matter and antimatter are available. Here we report high-precision cyclotron frequency comparisons of a single antiproton and a negatively charged hydrogen ion (H(-)) carried out in a Penning trap system. From 13,000 frequency measurements we compare the charge-to-mass ratio for the antiproton (q/m)p- to that for the proton (q/m)p and obtain (q/m)p-/(q/m)p − 1 =1(69) × 10(-12). The measurements were performed at cyclotron frequencies of 29.6 megahertz, so our result shows that the CPT theorem holds at the atto-electronvolt scale. Our precision of 69 parts per trillion exceeds the energy resolution of previous antiproton-to-proton mass comparisons as well as the respective figure of merit of the standard model extension by a factor of four. In addition, we give a limit on sidereal variations in the measured ratio of <720 parts per trillion. By following the arguments of ref. 11, our result can be interpreted as a stringent test of the weak equivalence principle of general relativity using baryonic antimatter, and it sets a new limit on the gravitational anomaly parameter of |α − 1| < 8.7 × 10(-7).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ulmer
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Smorra
- 1] RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [2] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Mooser
- RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Franke
- 1] RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [2] Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Nagahama
- 1] RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [2] Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - G Schneider
- 1] RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [2] Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Higuchi
- 1] RIKEN, Ulmer Initiative Research Unit, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [2] Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - S Van Gorp
- RIKEN, Atomic Physics Laboratory, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Y Matsuda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - W Quint
- GSI-Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Walz
- 1] Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany [2] Helmholtz Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Y Yamazaki
- RIKEN, Atomic Physics Laboratory, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Takashima H, Shishido H, Imamura R, Akatsuka Y, Taniguchi K, Nakanishi M, Suzuki J, Nagahama H, Sakurai Y, Sakata M. Effect of ankle flexion on the quantification of MRS for intramyocellular lipids of the tibialis anterior and the medial gastrocnemius. Radiol Phys Technol 2015; 8:209-14. [PMID: 25676697 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-015-0309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Muscle proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been developed for non-invasive measurement of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) levels. The majority of previous studies measuring IMCL with MRS have been performed on the calf muscle. The appearance of muscle MRS is influenced by bulk magnetic susceptibility and residual dipolar couplings, which depend on the angle between the muscle fibers and the main magnetic field. Our objective in this study was to evaluate the effect of ankle flexion and of the pennation angle on IMCL quantification in the calf muscle using proton MRS. The subjects comprised ten healthy male volunteers. In proton MRS, the ankle flexion angle was changed, and the pennation angle was measured from the tibialis anterior (TA) and the medial gastrocnemius (MG), respectively. We considered the relationship between the quantification of IMCL with (1)H MRS and the pennation angle by ankle flexion angle. The pennation angle of the TA and MG changed with the ankle flexion angle. The IMCL on the TA decreased significantly with plantar flexion (p < 0.05). However, the IMCL on the MG demonstrated no significant difference. The MR spectrum and IMCL quantitation changed with the pennation angle. Therefore, when spectra of individual subjects in longitudinal studies or between subjects are compared in cross-sectional studies, the foot position or calf muscle orientation must be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takashima
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nagahama H, Suzuki K, Shonai T, Aratani K, Sakurai Y, Nakamura M, Sakata M. Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging sequences for depicting the subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation. Radiol Phys Technol 2014; 8:30-5. [PMID: 25113409 PMCID: PMC4293496 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-014-0283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrodes are surgically implanted into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of Parkinson’s disease patients to provide deep brain stimulation. For ensuring correct positioning, the anatomic location of the STN must be determined preoperatively. Magnetic resonance imaging has been used for pinpointing the location of the STN. To identify the optimal imaging sequence for identifying the STN, we compared images produced with T2 star-weighted angiography (SWAN), gradient echo T2*-weighted imaging, and fast spin echo T2-weighted imaging in 6 healthy volunteers. Our comparison involved measurement of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for the STN and substantia nigra and a radiologist’s interpretations of the images. Of the sequences examined, the CNR and qualitative scores were significantly higher on SWAN images than on other images (p < 0.01) for STN visualization. Kappa value (0.74) on SWAN images was the highest in three sequences for visualizing the STN. SWAN is the sequence best suited for identifying the STN at the present time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Minami-1, West-16, Sapporo, 060-8543, Japan,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Shishido H, Takashima H, Takebayashi T, Akatsuka Y, Imamura R, Nagahama H, Shirase R. Visualization of the foramen intervertebral nerve root of cervical spine with 3.0 tesla magnetic resonance imaging: a comparison of three-dimensional acquisition techniques. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2014; 70:670-5. [PMID: 25055947 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2014_jsrt_70.7.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the compression factor in cervical disc herniation and cervical spondylotic radioculopathy is often problematic when using two-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This prompted us to compare and examined three-dimensional sequences, coherent oscillatory state acquisition for the manipulation of image contrast (COSMIC), fast imaging employing steady state acquisition (FIESTA) and T2 star weighted MR angiography (SWAN) with 3.0-Tesla (T) MRI to visualize the foramen intervertebral nerve root for the cervical spine. Fat-suppressed COSMIC (FS-COSMIC) sequence gave the highest signal intensity ratio (1.85 ± 0.06) of the nerve root and vertebral arch. A significant difference in signal intensity ratio of the nerve root was found between FS-COSMIC and FIESTA sequences. No significant difference was found between the FS-COSMIC and FIESTA sequences in the cerebrospinal fluid and the spinal cord. The FS-COSMIC sequence proved to be the most suitable sequence for intra and extra dura matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Shishido
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Teramoto D, Ushioda Y, Sasaki A, Sakurai Y, Nagahama H, Nakamura M, Sugimori H, Sakata M. [Can fruits and vegetables be used as substitute phantoms for normal human brain tissues in magnetic resonance imaging?]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2013; 69:1146-1152. [PMID: 24140903 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2013_jsrt_69.10.1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Various custom-made phantoms designed to optimize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences have been created and subsequently reported in JSRT. However, custom-made phantoms that correctly match the T1-value and T2-values of human brain tissue (gray matter and white matter) cannot be made easily or quickly. The aim of this project was to search for alternative materials, such as fruits and vegetables, for optimizing MRI sequences. The following eight fruits and vegetables were investigated: apple, tomato, melon, apple mango (Mangifera indica), banana, avocado, peach, and eggplant. Their potential was studied for use in modeling phantoms of normal human brain tissues. MRI (T1- and T2-weighted sequences) was performed on the human brain and the fruits and vegetables using various concentrations of contrast medium (gadolinium) in the same size tubes as the custom-made phantom. The authors compared the signal intensity (SI) in human brain tissue (gray matter and white matter) with that of the fruits and the custom-made phantom. The T1 and T2 values were measured for banana tissue and compared with those for human brain tissue in the literature. Our results indicated that banana tissue is similar to human brain tissue (both gray matter and white matter). Banana tissue can thus be employed as an alternative phantom for the human brain for the purpose of MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Teramoto
- Division of Radiological Science and Technology, Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shirase R, Sakurai Y, Nagahama H, Harada K, Takashima H, Nakanishi M, Harada K, Shishido H, Imamura R, Sakata M, Hatakenaka M. [Optimized magnetic resonance sequences and parameters with operative assisted images for radical prostatectomy at 3 tesla-magnetic resonance image]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2013; 69:529-34. [PMID: 23964533 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2013_jsrt_69.5.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to optimize magnetic resonance image (MRI) sequences and parameters using operative assisted images (three-dimensional images) for radical prostatectomy at 3 tesla (T) MRI. Five healthy volunteers underwent MRI on the 3.0 T scanner. Various sequences and parameters [Cube (TE/TR = 18, 50, 90 ms/2000 ms), FIESTA (TE/TR/FA = 2.4 ms/5 ms/40 degrees, 90 degrees), fSPGR (TE/TR/FA = 2.3 ms/11.2 ms/20 degrees), slice thickness = 1.2 mm, matrix = 192 x 160] were respectively compared. Several structures of the pelvis (the central zones and transition zones of the prostate, the peripheral zones of the prostate, seminal vesicles, rectum wall, bladder, muscle and fat) were determined. The signal intensities of these structures were measured on reformatted axial images and compared against several structures of the pelvis. Correlation with various sequences and parameters was based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the contrast ratio (CR) and the presence of artifacts. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. With Cube (TE/TR = 50 ms/2000 ms), the average value of visual evaluation with artifacts was high, and SNR and CR were higher than for other sequence and parameters. Optimized MRI sequences and parameters were Cube (TE/TR = 50 ms/2000 ms) which provides improved SNR and CR and the presence of artifacts with operative assisted images for radical prostatectomy. These operative assisted images obtained from Cube (TE/TR = 50 ms/2000 ms) are likely to be useful for surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Shirase
- Division of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ishii H, Nakamura K, Yano M, Nagahama H, Matsuyama M, Nishimura M, Yokota A, Onitsuka T. [Cardiovascular surgery with multiple myeloma]. Kyobu Geka 2012; 65:393-396. [PMID: 22569498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
There are few case reports of cardiovascular surgery with multiple myeloma. We report 3 cases of cardiovascular surgery with multiple myeloma. CASE 1: A 73-year-old male hemodialytic patient with multiple myeloma was performed off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) for angina. He was dead on the 72th postoperative day because of sepsis. CASE 2: A 68-year-old female patient with multiple myeloma was performed mitral valve replacement for mitral regurgitation. The postoperative course was uneventful. CASE 3: A 78-year-old male patient, the aorta was replaced with a artificial graft for impending rupture of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. He was diagnosed with multiple myeloma after surgery. He was dead on the 99th postoperative day because of sepsis. One of the affecting prognosis factors is infection and it is intractable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ishii
- Department of Surgery II , University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ohmure H, Oikawa K, Kanematsu K, Saito Y, Yamamoto T, Nagahama H, Tsubouchi H, Miyawaki S. Influence of experimental esophageal acidification on sleep bruxism: a randomized trial. J Dent Res 2011; 90:665-71. [PMID: 21248360 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510393516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this cross-over, randomized, single-blinded trial was to examine whether intra-esophageal acidification induces sleep bruxism (SB). Polysomnography with electromyogram (EMG) of masseter muscle, audio-video recording, and esophageal pH monitoring were performed in a sleep laboratory. Twelve healthy adult males without SB participated. Intra-esophageal infusions of 5-mL acidic solution (0.1 N HCl) or saline were administered. The frequencies of EMG bursts, rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) episodes, grinding noise, and the RMMA/microarousal ratio were significantly higher in the 20-minute period after acidic infusion than after saline infusion. RMMA episodes including SB were induced by esophageal acidification. This trial is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000002923. ABBREVIATIONS ASDA, American Sleep Disorders Association; EMG, electromyogram; GER, gastroesophageal reflux; LES, lower esophageal sphincter; NREM, non-rapid eye movement; REM, rapid eye movement; RMMA, rhythmic masticatory muscle activity; SB, sleep bruxism; SD, standard deviation; UES, upper esophageal sphincter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ohmure
- Department of Orthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Furukawa K, Yano M, Nagahama H, Matsuyama M, Nishimura M, Yokota A, Onitsuka T. [Cardiac surgery in an octogenarian with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2009; 62:1178-1181. [PMID: 19999099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An 81-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment for mitral valve regurgitation, tricuspid valve regurgitation and atrial fibrillatory bradycardia. The platelet count on admission was 4.9 x 10(4)/microl. and the results of other studies were compatible with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Although we performed high-dose transvenous immunoglobulin infusion (400 mg/kg/day) for 5 consecutive days, the platelet count showed no remarkable change. Because of progression of heart failure, we underwent cardiac operation under thrombocytopenic condition. Intra and post-operative platelet transfusion might contribute to postoperative course uneventful without bleeding tendency. In this case, high-dose immunoglobulin therapy was not effective. However the operative course was satisfactory with adequate surgical hemostasis and platelet transfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Furukawa
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nagahama H, Rani VD, Shalumon K, Jayakumar R, Nair S, Koiwa S, Furuike T, Tamura H. Preparation, characterization, bioactive and cell attachment studies of α-chitin/gelatin composite membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 44:333-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
42
|
Madhumathi K, Binulal N, Nagahama H, Tamura H, Shalumon K, Selvamurugan N, Nair S, Jayakumar R. Preparation and characterization of novel β-chitin–hydroxyapatite composite membranes for tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 44:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2008.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
43
|
Jayakumar R, Nagahama H, Furuike T, Tamura H. Synthesis of phosphorylated chitosan by novel method and its characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2008; 42:335-9. [PMID: 18279950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Revised: 12/28/2007] [Accepted: 12/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan a natural based polymer is non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable. Chemical modification of chitosan to generate new bifunctional materials and finally would bring new properties depending on the nature of the group introduced. In our present study, we prepared phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) by using H(3)PO(4)/P(2)O(5)/Et(3)PO(4)/hexanol method. From our present method, we got high yield and high degree of substitution (DS). The prepared P-chitosan (DS-1.18) was characterized by FT IR, (13)C NMR, (31)P NMR, elemental, XRD, TGA, DTA and SEM studies. After the phosphorylation, the solubility of the polymer was improved. The P-chitosan showed less thermal stability and crystallinity than the chitosan. It was due to the phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Jayakumar
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering and HRC, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nagahama H, Fukushima Y, Fukuda T, Hayase T, Yoshioka M. [Acute left ventricular rupture and cardiac tamponade caused by blunt trauma; report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2005; 58:911-4. [PMID: 16167820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It is difficult to save patients with acute left ventricular rupture and cardiac tamponade caused by blunt trauma. A 67-year-old man hospitalized due to sustained multiple blunt trauma. The systolic blood pressure was 40 mmHg. Chest computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonic echocardiography revealed cardiac tamponade. Abdominal CT indicated left renal contusion. Pericardial drainage via the subxiphoid approach drew about 1,000 ml of blood from the pericardial sac, which only transiently increased blood pressure. Median sternotomy and subsequent pericardiotomy revealed pulsatile bleeding jet through a laceration of about 2.0 cm long in the left ventricle near the first diagonal branch. After complete digital compression, the portion was covered by a biological tissue adhesive/sealant sheet (TachoComb), which completely suppressed bleeding. The postoperative course was uneventful. He was discharged from the hospital on the 20th day after the operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nagahama
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fukushima Y, Hayase T, Nagahama H, Yoshioka M. [Coronary artery bypass graftingin a patient with aortitis syndrome; report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2005; 58:827-30. [PMID: 16104571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a case of surgical treatment for a coronary lesion due to aortitis syndrome. A 41-year-old woman, suffering from aortitis syndrome and under prednisolone (PSL) therapy, underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Surgical treatment was performed according to the aortic no-touch technique, but the patient showed a poor cardiac performance 5 days after the operation. This accident was resolved by increasing the PSL dose. Aortitis syndrome treated with PSL needs careful perioperative management besides an operative procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Muto J, Nagahama H, Hashimoto T. Microinfrared reflection spectroscopic mapping: application to the detection of hydrogen-related species in natural quartz. J Microsc 2004; 216:222-8. [PMID: 15566493 DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-2720.2004.01419.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new method of microinfrared reflection spectroscopy and mapping analysis is briefly introduced. It was used to detect distributions and structures of hydrogen-related species (e.g. H(2)O, SiOH and SiH) in plastically deformed natural quartz. We used a Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer with a microscopic imaging system fully automated for all microscope functions (e.g. focusing, aperture, stage motion and measurements). Mapping can be made in thin sections with a thickness of 50 microm at room temperature and low temperatures (77 K) using a liquid N(2) cooling system. Infrared reflection spectra were obtained by five scans for each point with a range from 4000 to 400 cm(-1). The spectra were measured five times within about 2.5 s at each position. The scanning interval was 100-150 microm using a 100 x 100 microm(2) aperture. All obtained spectral data were stored in computer memory to construct two-dimensional mappings of infrared absorption. From the comparisons between infrared mapping images and deformation microstructures, in addition to the molecular H(2)O around 3600-3400 cm(-1), the hydrogen-related point defects (i.e. SiOH and SiH) around 970-900 cm(-1) within quartz grains and between grain boundaries increased with decreasing grain sizes (increasing plastic strain). The method can detect the SiOH and SiH along grain boundaries that enhance the hydrolytic weakening of natural quartz.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Muto
- Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Multiple-organ failure related to septicemia is a common cause of early mortality after liver transplantation. Endotoxemia following living donor hepatectomy may be a cause of postoperative death. Plasma fibronectin (Fn) exerts a broad range of biological effects on cellular adhesion, motility, differentiation, apoptosis, hemostasis, wound healing, reticuloendothelial system function, and ischemic injury. We studied the therapeutic effect of plasma Fn in mice after an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and d-galactosamine (GalN). Female Balb/c mice received simultaneous intraperitoneal injection of LPS (50 microg/kg) and GalN (400 mg/kg). Thirty minutes prior to GalN/LPS administration, plasma Fn or bovine serum albumin was given intravenously. A single administration of plasma Fn (500 mg/kg) protected in dose-dependent fashion against lethal shock after GalN/LPS challenge. Plasma Fn significantly reduced the serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-6 levels and significantly increased the serum interleukin-10 levels after GalN/LPS administration. Furthermore, plasma Fn significantly inhibited liver necrosis at 9 hours after GalN/LPS injection. The fraction of apoptotic-positive cells in these plasma Fn-treated mice was significantly lower than in the control group. These results support the protective treatment of endotoxin-induced liver injury by plasma Fn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A-H Kwon
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fukushima Y, Nagahama H, Hayase T, Yoshioka M, Onitsuka T. [Successful management of traumatic aortic valve insufficiency; report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2003; 56:1053-5. [PMID: 14608930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
A case of the successful management of traumatic aortic valve insufficiency is reported. A previously healthy 48-year-old man sustained multiple injuries in a traffic accident. One month after the accident, heart failure, derived from aortic insufficiency, was noted. Three years and 5 months after the injuries, aortic valve replacement was performed, and a large tear, approximately 7 mm in length, was found in the aortic right coronary cusp. This finding corresponded to the traumatic aortic valve insufficiency. Traumatic aortic valve insufficiency is rare, and early diagnosis may be difficult. Examinations for associated intracardiac injuries should be carefully undertaken.
Collapse
|
49
|
Teshima D, Nagahama H, Makino K, Kataoka Y, Oishi R. Microanalysis of propofol in human serum by semi-microcolumn high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and solid-phase extraction. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001; 26:381-5. [PMID: 11679029 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a simple analytical method for monitoring the low serum levels of propofol found when administered for the sedation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS A high-performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) was used with UV detection. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges and a semi-microcolumn (TSK gel ODS-80Ts, 2.0 mm i.d. x 25 cm, 5 microm) were used to improve sensitivity. Propofol in the eluate obtained from the SPE cartridge was concentrated to about five times the initial concentration. RESULTS The sensitivity using the semi-microcolumn was amplified by about three-fold. The assay showed a good linearity with a quantification limit 20 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were less than 2.2% and 10.0%, respectively. The mean recoveries ranged from 97.6 to 109.5%. CONCLUSION The HPLC method described should be useful for measuring the low serum propofol levels found when the drug is used for ICU sedation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Teshima
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nagahama H, Hatakeyama S, Nakayama K, Nagata M, Tomita K, Nakayama K. Spatial and temporal expression patterns of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 during mouse development. Anat Embryol (Berl) 2001; 203:77-87. [PMID: 11218061 DOI: 10.1007/s004290000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 are thought to regulate progression of the cell cycle. We have previously shown that the phenotypes of p27-/- mice are substantially different from those of p57-/- mice, suggesting that spatial and temporal expression patterns of p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 might be distinct. In this study, the roles of p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 in development were examined by characterizing their expression patterns during mouse embryogenesis by immunohistochemical analysis. Whereas certain organs and tissues (brain, lens, ganglion, lung, heart, liver, skin and kidney) expressed both proteins, others expressed only p27Kip1 (thymus, spleen, retina, testis and ovary) or only p57Kip2 (gut, palate, pancreas, cartilage and skeletal muscle). In addition, some organs expressed both p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 but showed mutually exclusive patterns of distribution among tissues. Thus, in the adrenal gland, p57Kip2 was expressed in the cortex but not in the medulla, whereas p27Kip1 was expressed in the medulla but not in the cortex. Whereas the expression of p57Kip2 in most tissues was restricted to embryogenesis, expression of p27Kip1 in many tissues was maintained in adult animals. Double-label immunofluorescence staining with either anti-p27Kip1 or anti-p57Kip2 and anti-BrdU revealed that the expression of p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 was inversely correlated with cell proliferation, suggesting that p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 are expressed exclusively in postmitotic cells. These complex spatial and temporal patterns of expression are consistent with the phenotypes of mice deficient in p27Kip1 or p57Kip2, and they suggest that these proteins might play important roles in tissue development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nagahama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|