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Ten Winkel M, Salama H, Timrott K, Kleine M, Kleine-Doepke D, Raehder-Johnson S, Meisel H, Rahberi NN, Abdelhadi S, Rückert F, Reissfelder C, Honselmann KC, Braun R, Faerber B, Lapshyn H, Keck T, Uhl W, Belyaev O, Wellner UF, Bolm L. Patient-reported outcomes at three months after pancreatic surgery for benign and malignant diseases - A prospective observational study. Pancreatology 2024; 24:314-322. [PMID: 38310036 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Pancreatic surgery may have a long-lasting effect on patients' health status and quality of life (QoL). We aim to evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PRO) 3 months after pancreatic surgery. METHODS Patients scheduled for pancreatic surgery were enrolled in a prospective trial at five German centers. Patients completed PRO questionnaires (EQ-5D-5L, EORTC QLQ-PAN26, patient-reported happiness, and HADS-D), we report the first follow-up 3 months after surgery as an interim analysis. Statistical testing was performed using R software. RESULTS From 2019 to 2022 203 patients were enrolled, a three-month follow-up questionnaire was available in 135 (65.5 %). 77 (57.9 %) underwent surgery for malignant disease. Patient-reported health status (EQ-5D-5L) was impaired in 4/5 dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain, discomfort) for patients with malignant and 3/5 dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities) for patients with benign disease 3 months after surgery (p < 0.05). Patients with malignant disease reported an increase in depressive symptoms, patients with benign disease had a decrease in anxiety symptoms (HADS-D; depression: 5.00 vs 6.51, p = 0.002; anxiety: 8.04 vs. 6.34, p = 0.030). Regarding pancreatic-disease-specific symptoms (EORTC-QLQ-PAN26), patients with malignant disease reported increased problems with taste, weight loss, weakness in arms and legs, dry mouth, body image and troubling side effects at three months. Patients with benign disease indicated more weakness in arms and legs, troubling side effects but less future worries at three months. CONCLUSION Patient-reported outcomes of patients undergoing pancreatic surgery for benign vs. malignant disease show important differences. Patients with malignant tumors report more severely decreased quality of life 3 months postoperatively than patients with benign tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Ten Winkel
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hussein Salama
- Department of Surgery, St. Joseph-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Kai Timrott
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Moritz Kleine
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Medical School Hannover, Germany; Department of Surgery, Vinzenz Hospital Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Nuh N Rahberi
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Felix Rückert
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Germany; Department of Surgery, Diakonissen Hospital Speyer, Germany
| | | | - Kim C Honselmann
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ruediger Braun
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Benedikt Faerber
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hryhoriy Lapshyn
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tobias Keck
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Waldemar Uhl
- Department of Surgery, St. Joseph-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Orlin Belyaev
- Department of Surgery, St. Joseph-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulrich F Wellner
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
| | - Louisa Bolm
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
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Reimer K, Matthes E, Janta-Lipinski MV, Meisel H. Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus DNA Polymerase by Thymidine Triphosphate Analogues in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of thymidine triphosphate analogues was tested for effect inhibitory on DNA polymerase activity in isolated hepatitis B virus (HBV) particles. The most efficient compounds were 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-5-vinyluridine triphosphate [50% inhibititory dose (ID50) = 0.25 μm], 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-5-bromovinyluridine triphosphate (ID50 = 0.80 μm), 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-4-thiothymidine triphosphate (ID50 = 0.80 μm) and 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-fluoro-5-bromouridine triphosphate (ID50 = 1.00 μm). The inhibitors only moderately influenced the cellular DNA polymerase α (ID50 ranging from 10 μm to 140 μm) but had a noteworthy effect on DNA polymerase β (ID50 ranging from 0.8 μm to 7.0 μm), which could be associated with toxicity and mutagenicity in human cells. Kinetic analysis revealed a competitive type of inhibition for the most efficient compound, fluoro-5-vinyluridine triphosphate. The inhibition constant ( Ki) was estimated to be 0.25 μm compared with a Michaelis constant ( Km) value of about 0.4 μm for the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Reimer
- Institut für Virologie, Humboldt-Universität Berlin (Charité), 0-1040 Berlin, Germany
| | - E. Matthes
- Zentralinstitut für Molekularbiologie der Akademie der Wissenschaften, 0-1115 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - M. v. Janta-Lipinski
- Zentralinstitut für Molekularbiologie der Akademie der Wissenschaften, 0-1115 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - H. Meisel
- Institut für Virologie, Humboldt-Universität Berlin (Charité), 0-1040 Berlin, Germany
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Zieger M, Schwarz R, König H, Wieacker J, Schwarzer C, Günther L, Winkler D, Meixensberger J, Meisel H, Toussaint R, Riedel-Heller S. Psychische Komorbidität bei bandscheibenoperierten Patienten. Gesundheitswesen 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1239268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hahn K, Neifer S, Meisel H, Schielke E. Sustained cerebrospinal fluid viral load suppression and preserved cognitive outcome in HIV-infected people with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy containing abacavir and AZT – a longitudinal study over 24 months. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Weimann C, Meisel H, Erhardt G. Short communication: Bovine κ-casein variants result in different angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:1885-8. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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le Coutre P, Meisel H, Hofmann J, Röcken C, Vuong GL, Neuburger S, Hemmati PG, Dörken B, Arnold R. Reactivation of hepatitis E infection in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Gut 2009; 58:699-702. [PMID: 19359434 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.165571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the major cause of several outbreaks of waterborne hepatitis in tropical and subtropical countries and of sporadic cases of viral hepatitis in endemic and industrialised countries. Generally, HEV causes an acute self-limiting hepatitis. The clinical course is characterised by transient viraemia and transaminasaemia followed by a full hepatic recovery. Recent studies describe prolonged and chronic HEV infections in some immunosuppressed patients after solid organ transplantation. Here, an indigenous acute limited hepatitis E in a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation is reported. Fourteen weeks after stem cell transplantation, reappearance of HEV viraemia was observed, with increasing viral load and modestly elevated serum transaminases. Sequence analysis of the viral RNAs revealed a reactivation of endogenous HEV genotype 3, indicating viral persistence after recovery from acute hepatitis E.
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Affiliation(s)
- P le Coutre
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité, Medizinische Klinik m.S. Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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Meisel H, Bernard H, Fairweather-Tait S, FitzGerald RJ, Hartmann R, Lane CN, McDonagh D, Teucher B, Wal JM. Nutraceutical and functional food ingredients for food and pharmaceutical applications. Br J Nutr 2007; 85:635. [PMID: 11348580 DOI: 10.1079/bjn2001324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Knösel T, Meisel H, Borgmann A, Riebel T, Krenn V, Schewe C, Petersen I. Parvovirus B19 infection associated with unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, apoptotic sinus histiocytosis, and prolonged fatigue. J Clin Pathol 2005; 58:872-5. [PMID: 16049292 PMCID: PMC1770882 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2004.022756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the case of a 16 year old girl with a history of high fever, prolonged fatigue, and cervical lymphadenopathy of the right side. In addition, the patient showed neutropenia, thrombopenia, and pronounced reticulopenia. Cervical ultrasound showed unilateral hypoechoic lymph nodes up to 23 mm in diameter suspicious for malignant lymphoma. Histology of a cervical lymph node specimen revealed massive nodular histiocytic proliferation and prominent apoptosis without necrosis. Parvovirus B19 was detected by polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in the lymph node. In summary, this case is an unusual presentation of parvovirus B19 infection. The virus was identified as the potential causative agent of unilateral cervical lymphoma and apoptotic sinus histocytosis, thus broadening the clinicopathological spectrum of parvovirus B19 induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Campus Mitte, 10098 Berlin, FRG
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Sandmann S, Meisel H, Razanskiene A, Wolbert A, Pohl B, Krüger DH, Sasnauskas K, Ulrich R. Detection of Human Hantavirus Infections in Lithuania. Infection 2005; 33:66-72. [PMID: 15827873 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-005-4058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2004] [Accepted: 08/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe certain hantaviruses are known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome of different severity. The objective of the present investigation was to study the presence of hantavirus infections in Lithuania. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two different serum panels from cancer patients (n = 438) and blood donors (n = 299) from Lithuania were tested by monoclonal antibody capture IgG ELISA using yeast-expressed recombinant nucleocapsid (rN) proteins of Puumala virus (PUUV), Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Dobrava virus (DOBV). The reactivity of ELISA-positive sera was proven in Western blot tests using various hantavirus rN proteins. Selected serum samples were further analyzed by focus reduction neutralization assays. RESULTS In the IgG ELISA 39 sera from the cancer patients and four sera from blood donors were found to be reactive with at least one of the rN proteins. By immunoblot using the three yeast-expressed rN proteins, the ELISA reactivity of 36 of 39 and two of four serum samples from cancer patients and blood donors, respectively, was confirmed; this corresponds to a seroprevalence of 8.2% and 0.7%, respectively. In ELISA, the majority of the samples reacted exclusively with rN proteins of HTNV and DOBV (31 of 36 and one of two in the two groups). In the group of sera selected for serotyping by focus reduction neutralization assay, this dominance was confirmed by the identification of eight DOBV but only four PUUV infections. No infection by HTNV or another hantavirus besides DOBV and PUUV was verified. Anti-hantavirus-positive human sera were detected in all seven investigated counties of Lithuania. CONCLUSION In Lithuania at least two hantaviruses, DOBV and PUUV, circulate and cause human infections. Additional investigations are needed to study the seroprevalence more precisely and to search for clinical cases of hantavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sandmann
- Institute of Virology, Charité Medical School, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
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Pabst K, Mathar W, Palavinskas R, Meisel H, Blüthgen A, Klaffke H. Acrylamide–occurrence in mixed concentrate feed for dairy cows and carry-over into milk. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 22:210-3. [PMID: 16019789 DOI: 10.1080/02652030500110964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
During the preparation of cooked foods acrylamide is formed from asparagine and reducing sugars at high temperatures. By-products of oil, starch and sugar production, which may be found in animal feed, partially result from processing steps using heat treatment that are similarly likely to form acrylamide. Possibly, pelletizing during the processing of mixed concentrates may also be involved in acrylamide formation. Thus the occurrence of acrylamide in animal feed and the potential for carry-over into animal products should be tested. Independently of the feed matrix, 1.5 g per day of acrylamide was fed to a cow for ten days resulting in a mean concentration of 175 microg/kg of acrylamide in the milk. From the data obtained the mean carry-over was found to be 0.24%, and a mean half-life time of 2.8 h was estimated. This means acrylamide was rapidly transformed in the cow. The acrylamide concentrations in three commercial mixed concentrates were respectively 180, 145 and 140 microg/kg feed. To test the possible effect of pelletizing, the peripheral zones were separately analysed. No difference in concentration was observed. Based on the carry-over rate estimated in this study, a maximum concentration of approx. 0.2 microg/kg of acrylamide would be expected in milk from cows fed with such feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pabst
- BFEL-Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food, Hermann-Weigmann-Strasse 1, D-24103, Kiel, Germany.
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Walsh DJ, Bernard H, Murray BA, MacDonald J, Pentzien AK, Wright GA, Wal JM, Struthers AD, Meisel H, Fitzgerald RJ. In Vitro Generation and Stability of the Lactokinin β-Lactoglobulin Fragment (142–148). J Dairy Sci 2004; 87:3845-57. [PMID: 15483169 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the generation of beta-lactoglobulin fragment (142-148) (beta-LG f(142-148) during the hydrolysis of whey proteins, and the in vitro stability of this fragment upon incubation with gastrointestinal and serum proteinases and peptidases. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) protocol was developed for the quantification of beta-LG f(142-148) in whey protein hydrolysates and in human blood serum. The minimum detection limit was 3 ng/mL. The level of the peptide in whey protein hydrolysates was influenced by the degree of hydrolysis (DH). As expected, highest levels of this peptide were found in hydrolysates generated with trypsin. Sequential incubation of hydrolysates at different DH values with pepsin and Corolase PP, to simulate gastrointestinal digestion, generally resulted in the degradation of beta-LG f(142-148) as determined by EIA. Reversed-phase HPLC and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity assays demonstrated that synthetic beta-LG f(142-148) was rapidly degraded upon incubation with human serum. Furthermore, beta-LG f(142-148) could not be detected by EIA in the sera of 2 human volunteers following its oral ingestion or in sera from these volunteers subsequently spiked with beta-LG f(142-148). These in vitro results indicate that beta-LG f(142-148) is probably not sufficiently stable to gastrointestinal and serum proteinases and peptidases to act as an hypotensive agent in humans following oral ingestion. The in vitro methodology described herein has general application in evaluating the hypotensive potential of food protein-derived ACE inhibitory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Walsh
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland
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Walsh DJ, Bernard H, Murray BA, MacDonald J, Pentzien AK, Wright GA, Wal JM, Struthers AD, Meisel H, Fitzgerald RJ. In vitro generation and stability of the lactokinin beta-lactoglobulin fragment (142-148). J Dairy Sci 2004; 87:3845-3857. [PMID: 15483169 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73524-] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the generation of beta-lactoglobulin fragment (142-148) (beta-LG f(142-148) during the hydrolysis of whey proteins, and the in vitro stability of this fragment upon incubation with gastrointestinal and serum proteinases and peptidases. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) protocol was developed for the quantification of beta-LG f(142-148) in whey protein hydrolysates and in human blood serum. The minimum detection limit was 3 ng/mL. The level of the peptide in whey protein hydrolysates was influenced by the degree of hydrolysis (DH). As expected, highest levels of this peptide were found in hydrolysates generated with trypsin. Sequential incubation of hydrolysates at different DH values with pepsin and Corolase PP, to simulate gastrointestinal digestion, generally resulted in the degradation of beta-LG f(142-148) as determined by EIA. Reversed-phase HPLC and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity assays demonstrated that synthetic beta-LG f(142-148) was rapidly degraded upon incubation with human serum. Furthermore, beta-LG f(142-148) could not be detected by EIA in the sera of 2 human volunteers following its oral ingestion or in sera from these volunteers subsequently spiked with beta-LG f(142-148). These in vitro results indicate that beta-LG f(142-148) is probably not sufficiently stable to gastrointestinal and serum proteinases and peptidases to act as an hypotensive agent in humans following oral ingestion. The in vitro methodology described herein has general application in evaluating the hypotensive potential of food protein-derived ACE inhibitory peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Walsh
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Limerick, Ireland
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Ulrich R, Meisel H, Schütt M, Schmidt J, Kunz A, Klempa B, Niedrig M, Pauli G, Krüger DH, Koch J. [Prevalence of hantavirus infections in Germany]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2004; 47:661-70. [PMID: 15254821 PMCID: PMC7095999 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-004-0858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviren gehören zur Gruppe der so genannten „emerging viruses“. Die in Europa vorkommenden humanpathogenen Viren rufen ein als „hämorrhagisches Fieber mit renalem Syndrom“ bezeichnetes Krankheitsbild unterschiedlicher Schweregrade hervor. Für die Diagnostik von Hantavirusinfektionen werden in der Regel Immunfluoreszenztests unter Verwendung Virus-infizierter Zellen oder Enzymimmunoassays und Immunoblots unter Verwendung rekombinanter Nukleokapsidproteinderivate eingesetzt. Für einen hochsensitiven Nachweis im Enzymimmunoassay ist der Einsatz des jeweiligen homologen Hantavirus-Nukleokapsidproteins notwendig. Zur serologischen Typisierung eignen sich Neutralisationstests, die jedoch in einigen Fällen nur bei Verwendung von Seren aus der späten Rekonvaleszenzphase aussagefähige Ergebnisse liefern. Die Seroprävalenz der Normalbevölkerung in Deutschland beträgt etwa 1%. Bei beruflich exponierten Risikogruppen, wie z. B. Waldarbeitern, wurde eine gegenüber der Normalbevölkerung höhere Seroprävalenz beobachtet. Endemiegebiete für Hantavirusinfektionen befinden sich insbesondere in Baden-Württemberg. In den Jahren 2001–2003 wurden bundesweit jährlich ca. 200 klinisch apparente Hantavirusinfektionen gemeldet. Ergebnisse von Neutralisationstests haben bisher nur Hinweise auf das Vorkommen von humanen Puumala- und Dobravavirusinfektionen, in sehr seltenen Fällen auch auf Infektionen mit Tulavirus gegeben. Bisher wurden in Deutschland nur milde bis moderate Verläufe von Hantavirusinfektionen beobachtet. Bis zu 10% der jährlich gemeldeten, klinisch apparenten Hantavirusinfektionen gehen auf importierte Infektionen zurück. Gegenwärtig liegen nur wenige molekulargenetische Befunde zur Verbreitung von Hantaviren in Deutschland vor. Weitere Untersuchungen an Patienten und bei Nagetieren sind notwendig, um diesbezüglich präzisere Informationen zu erlangen und die Gefährdung der Bevölkerung genauer beurteilen zu können.
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Schütt M, Meisel H, Krüger DH, Ulrich R, Dalhoff K, Dodt C. Life-threatening Dobrava hantavirus infection with unusually extended pulmonary involvement. Clin Nephrol 2004; 62:54-7. [PMID: 15267014 DOI: 10.5414/cnp62054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe, hantavirus infections usually present as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and its mild form nephropathia epidemica, while clinical cases with severe pulmonary affections are extremely rare and appear to be confined to infections by New World hanta viruses in the Americas. We report on a female patient from Northern Germany, who suffered primarily from severe acute respiratory distress syndrome-like pulmonary failure due to Dobrava hantavirus infection that was complicated by acute renal insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schütt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Abstract
In the context of the EU research project FAIR-CT 98-3077, studies were carried out to investigate caseinophosphopeptides (CPP) as potential ingredients for functional food and pharmaceutical applications. CPP preparations were produced by enrichment of CPP from hydrolytic casein digests. Enzyme preparations used for hydrolysis were PTN 3.0 S, Alcalase, Bioprotease P conc, Proteinase DS. Cytochemical studies were carried out to examine the cytotoxic potential or cell modulating activities of CPP using human cancer cell lines (HL-60, Caco-2) and non-malignant polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) from oral cavity. PML cells isolated by magnetic cell sorting using CD-15-antibody-labelled paramagnetic beads were used for the first time for testing food-derived peptides. Cell activity was measured by formazan dye formation. Effects on enterocytic differentiation properties of Caco-2 cells were examined by transepithelial membrane resistance of Caco-2 cell monolayers and brush border associated alkaline phosphatase activity. In conclusion, (1) no deleterious cytochemical consequences (apoptotic, antiproliferative or general cytotoxic effects) were observed on presenting a range of CPP preparations to various human cell systems, indicating that these compounds can be rated harmless at a cellular level, (2) stimulation of IgG-secretion into culture supernatant of PBL points to possible immunoenhancing properties of CPP preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hartmann
- Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food, Institute of Dairy Chemistry and Technology, PO Box 60 69, D-24121 Kiel, Germany.
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Meisel H, Endres A, Walter H, Wend U, Gerlich W. Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus 2 Months Prior to Hepatitis Surface Antigen Positivity of Donor Blood. Transfus Med Hemother 2003. [DOI: 10.1159/000074288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
The protein fraction of milk contains many valuable components and biologically active substances. Moreover, milk proteins are precursors of many different biologically active peptides which are inactive within the sequence of the precursor protein but can be released by enzymatic proteolysis. Many milk protein-derived peptides, such as caseinophosphopeptides, reveal multi-functional bioactivities. Caseinophosphopeptides can form soluble organophosphate salts and may function as carriers for different minerals, especially calcium. Furthermore, they have been shown to exert cytomodulatory effects. Cytomodulatory peptides inhibit cancer cell growth or they stimulate the activity of immunocompetent cells and neonatal intestinal cells, respectively. Several bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins are potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body and thus may exert beneficial physiological effects. Caseinophosphopeptides are already produced on an industrial-scale and as a consequence these peptides have been considered for application as ingredients in both 'functional foods' and pharmaceutical preparations. Although the physiological significance as exogenous regulatory substances is not yet fully understood, both mineral binding and cytomodulatory peptides derived from bovine milk proteins are claimed to be health enhancing components that can be used to reduce the risk of disease or to enhance a certain physiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Federal Dairy Research Centre, Institute for Chemistry and Technology, Kiel, Germany.
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Meisel H, Bernard H, Fairweather-Tait S, FitzGerald RJ, Hartmann R, Lane CN, McDonagh D, Teucher B, Wal JM. Detection of caseinophosphopeptides in the distal ileostomy fluid of human subjects. Br J Nutr 2003; 89:351-9. [PMID: 12628030 DOI: 10.1079/bjn2002803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Caseinophosphopeptides (CPP) were detected for the first time in ileostomy fluid, collected at 2 h intervals for 10 h post milk and CPP ingestion, from human volunteers with an ileostomy. The level of CPP present in ileostomy fluid obtained from milk-fed volunteers was markedly higher than that from volunteers fed with selected CPP preparations. The findings are based on HPLC analysis in combination with peptide-bound P determination, thin-layer electrophoresis and amino acid analysis, together with ELISA studies using polyclonal antibodies raised against a set of CPP to detect immunoreactive CPP in ileostomy fluid. These procedures allowed the detection of nm concentrations of CPP. CPP, which can be released during intestinal digestion, may function as bioactive constituents and carriers for different minerals, especially Ca, and may be used as ingredients in functional foods or pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Federal Dairy Research Centre, Institute for Dairy Chemistry and Technology, Kiel, Germany.
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20
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Lundkvist A, Meisel H, Koletzki D, Lankinen H, Cifire F, Geldmacher A, Sibold C, Gött P, Vaheri A, Krüger DH, Ulrich R. Mapping of B-cell epitopes in the nucleocapsid protein of Puumala hantavirus. Viral Immunol 2002; 15:177-92. [PMID: 11952140 DOI: 10.1089/088282402317340323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus nucleocapsid protein (N) has been proven to induce highly protective immune responses in animal models. The knowledge on the mechanisms behind N-induced protection is still limited, although recent data suggest that both cellular and humoral immune responses are of importance. For a detailed B-cell epitope mapping of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) N, we used recombinant N derivatives of the Russian strain CG18-20 and the Swedish strain Vranica/Hällnäs, as well as overlapping synthetic peptides corresponding to the Finnish prototype strain Sotkamo. The majority of a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reacted with proteins derived from all included PUUV strains demonstrating the antigenic similarity of these proteins. In line with previous results, the epitopes of most mAbs were mapped within the 80 N-terminal amino acids of N. The present study further revealed that the epitopes of four mAbs raised against native viral N were located within amino acids 14-45, whereas one mAb raised against recombinant N was mapped to amino acids 14-39. Differences between the reactivity of the PUUV strains Vranica/Hällnäs and CG18-20 N suggested the importance of amino acid position 35 for the integrity of the epitopes. In line with the patterns obtained by the truncated recombinant proteins, mapping by overlapping peptides (PEPSCAN) confirmed a complex recognition pattern for most analyzed mAbs. Together, the results revealed the existence of several, partially overlapping, and discontinuous B-cell epitopes. In addition, based on differences within the same competition group, novel epitopes were defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lundkvist
- Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, and Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Nolte
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Hospital, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Thierfelder W, Hellenbrand W, Meisel H, Schreier E, Dortschy R. Prevalence of markers for hepatitis A, B and C in the German population. Results of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998. Eur J Epidemiol 2002; 17:429-35. [PMID: 11855576 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013792013184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of serological parameters indicative of infection with hepatitis A, B and C was determined using sera collected from representative population samples in the former East German (new) federal states and the West German (old) federal states during the German National Health and Examination Survey in 1998. Sera were tested for antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV), to hepatitis B core antigen (HBc) and to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C Virus (HCV), as well as for the presence of HBsAg and HCV-RNA. The mean weighted prevalence of anti-HAV was 46.5% (95% CI: 45.3-47.7) and increased markedly with age. The mean weighted prevalence of past infection with hepatitis B was 7.7% (95% CI: 7.0-8.4) in the old federal states and 4.3% (95% CI: 3.2-5.3) in the new federal states, corresponding to an overall prevalence of 7.0% (95% CI: 6.4-7.6). The mean weighted prevalence of HBsAg carriage was 0.6% (95% CI: 0.4-0.8), while the prevalence of HCV antibodies was 0.4% (95% CI: 0.2-0.5).
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23
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Abstract
We report on the first Puumala hantavirus nucleotide sequence (strain Opina-916) amplified from a bank vole trapped in Slovakia, central Europe. Phylogenetic analysis of the S-segment sequence grouped the virus within the western/central European sublineage of Puumala virus. In the neighborhood of the rodent trapping site two cases of human infection by the Puumala virus were verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leitmeyer
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Koletzki D, Schirmbeck R, Lundkvist A, Meisel H, Krüger DH, Ulrich R. DNA vaccination of mice with a plasmid encoding Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein mimics the B-cell response induced by virus infection. J Biotechnol 2001; 84:73-8. [PMID: 11035190 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(00)00329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Inoculation of naked DNA has been applied for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against different viral infections. To study the humoral immune response induced by DNA vaccination we cloned the entire nucleocapsid protein-encoding sequence of the Puumala hantavirus strain Vranica/Hällnäs into the CMV promoter-driven expression unit of the plasmid pcDNA3, generating pcDNA3-VR1. A single dose injection of 50 microg of plasmid DNA into each M. tibialis anterior of BALB/c mice induced a high-titered antibody response against the nucleocapsid protein as documented 6 and 11 weeks after immunisation. PEPSCAN analysis of a serum pool of the pcDNA3-VR1-vaccinated animals revealed antibodies reacting with epitopes covering the whole nucleocapsid protein. The epitope-specificity of the immune response induced by DNA vaccination seems to reflect the antibody response in experimentally virus-infected bank voles (the natural host of the Puumala virus) and humans. The data suggest that DNA vaccination could be used for the identification of highly immunogenic epitopes in viral proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Koletzki
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Centre, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Schütt M, Gerke P, Meisel H, Ulrich R, Krüger DH. Clinical characterization of Dobrava hantavirus infections in Germany. Clin Nephrol 2001; 55:371-4. [PMID: 11393382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that Dobrava (DOBV) but not Hantaan (HTNV) hantavirus is a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) causing agent in Central Europe. However, only single clinical cases of HFRS due to acute DOBV infection have been described so far. We report on three male patients from a non-endemic hantavirus focus in Northern Germany who suffered from mild to moderate HFRS strongly resembling nephropathia epidemica. Serotyping by detection of hantavirus species-specific neutralizing antibodies revealed acute infections by the HTNV-related hantavirus DOBV in all three cases. Since DOBV infections in the Balkans frequently present as severe HFRS, our cases suggest that Central-European DOBV infections have a different, less severe clinical outcome. These differences in DOBV virulence towards humans might be due to the existence of different genetic lineages of DOBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schütt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Lübeck, Germany.
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- M Roggendorf
- Institute for Virology, University of Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany.
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27
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Sibold C, Ulrich R, Labuda M, Lundkvist A, Martens H, Schütt M, Gerke P, Leitmeyer K, Meisel H, Krüger DH. Dobrava hantavirus causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in central Europe and is carried by two different Apodemus mice species. J Med Virol 2001; 63:158-67. [PMID: 11170053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In central Europe, hemorrhagic fevers with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans are caused by the hantavirus species Puumala (transmitted by voles) and a second, Hantaan-related species (transmitted by mice). The second virus could be identified as Dobrava virus. To date, 19 clinical cases of Dobrava infection have been found in Germany and Slovakia. All patients exhibited a mild/moderate clinical course and no case fatality occurred. Screening for infected rodents revealed that the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) represents the main reservoir for Dobrava virus in central Europe. Nucleotide sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis based on complete and partial genomic S segment nucleotide sequences placed the Slovakian A. agrarius-derived hantavirus strains within the Dobrava species, forming a cluster on the Dobrava phylogenetic tree. In east Slovakia, a single Dobrava virus-infected yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) was trapped in a locality that predominantly showed Dobrava-infected A. agrarius. Comparison of the S segment sequence (nucleotides 381-935) revealed that the Dobrava strain from A. flavicollis shows only 84.3% nucleotide homology to A. agrarius-derived strains from this location but 96.3% homology to A. flavicollis-derived Dobrava strains from the Balkans (southeast Europe). Phylogenetic analysis of the partial S segment placed the A. flavicollis-derived Dobrava strain from Slovakia on a distinct Dobrava lineage (DOB-Af) together with the south-east European A. flavicollis-derived strains. The results indicate that Dobrava strains from A. agrarius (DOB-Aa) vs. A. flavicollis (DOB-Af) could develop different degrees of virulence in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sibold
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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28
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Sibold C, Ulrich R, Labuda M, Lundkvist Å, Martens H, Schütt M, Gerke P, Leitmeyer K, Meisel H, Krüger DH. Dobrava hantavirus causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in central Europe and is carried by two different
Apodemus
mice species. J Med Virol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1096-9071(20000201)63:2<158::aid-jmv1011>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sibold
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Ulrich
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Labuda
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Å. Lundkvist
- Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H. Martens
- Mecklenburg‐Vorpommern State Institute of Hygiene, Schwerin, Germany
| | - M. Schütt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University, Lübeck, Germany
| | - P. Gerke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University, Lübeck, Germany
| | - K. Leitmeyer
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - H. Meisel
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - D. H. Krüger
- Institute of Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Abstract
Opioid agonistic and antagonistic peptides which are inactive within the sequence of the precursor milk proteins can be released and thus activated by enzymatic proteolysis, for example during gastrointestinal digestion or during food processing. Activated opioid peptides are potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body. Opioid peptides can interact with subepithelial opioid receptors or specific luminal binding sites in the intestinal tract. Furthermore, they may be absorbed and then reach endogenous opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Bundesanstalt für Milchforschung, Institut für Chemie und Physik, Kiel, Germany.
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30
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Abstract
Nucleotides, nucleosides and nucleobases belong to the non-protein-nitrogen (NPN) fraction of milk. The largest amounts of ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides--ribose forms only were considered in this review--were measured directly after parturition in bovine milk and other ruminants as well as in the milk of humans. Generally, concentrations of most of the nucleos(t)ides tend to decrease gradually with advancing lactation period or nursing time. The species-specific pattern of these minor constituents in milk from different mammals is a remarkable property and confirms, at least, the specific physiological impact of these minor compounds in early life. The physiological capacity of these compounds in milk is given by the total potentially available nucleosides. The main dietary sources of nucleos(t)ides are nucleoproteins and nucleic acids which are converted in the course of intestinal digestion into nucleosides and nucleobases the preferred forms for absorption in the intestine. Thus, nucleosides and nucleobases are suggested to be the acting components of dietary and/or supplemented nucleic acid-related compounds in the gut. They are used by the body as exogenous trophochemical sources and can be important for optimal metabolic functions. Up to 15 % of the total daily need for a breast-fed infant was calculated to come from this dietary source. Concerning their biological role they not only act as metabolites but are also involved as bioactive substances in the regulation of body functions. Dietary nucleotides affect immune modulation, e.g. they enhance antibody responses of infants as shown by a study with more than 300 full-term healthy infants. Dietary nucleos(t)ides are found to contribute to iron absorption in the gut and to influence desaturation and elongation rates in fatty acid synthesis, in particular long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in early stages of life. The in vitro modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis has been described by ribonucleosides, in particular by modified components using human cell culture models. Due to the bio- and trophochemical properties of dietary nucleos(t)ides, the European Commission has allowed the use of supplementation with specific ribonucleotides in the manufacture of infant and follow-on formula. From the technochemical point of view, the ribonucleoside pattern is influenced by thermal treatment of milk. In addition ribonucleosides are useful indicators for quantifying adulterations of milk and milk products.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schlimme
- Bundesanstalt für Milchforschung, Institut für Chemie und Physik, Kiel, Germany.
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31
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Abstract
Numerous casein and whey protein-derived angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides/hydrolysates have been identified. Clinical trials in hypertensive animals and humans show that these peptides/hydrolysates can bring about a significant reduction in hypertension. These peptides/hydrolysates may be classified as functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals due to their ability to provide health benefits i.e. as functional food ingredients in reducing the risk of developing a disease and as nutraceuticals in the prevention/treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J FitzGerald
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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32
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Koletzki D, Lundkvist A, Sjölander KB, Gelderblom HR, Niedrig M, Meisel H, Krüger DH, Ulrich R. Puumala (PUU) hantavirus strain differences and insertion positions in the hepatitis B virus core antigen influence B-cell immunogenicity and protective potential of core-derived particles. Virology 2000; 276:364-75. [PMID: 11040127 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core-derived chimeric particles carrying a Puumala (PUU) hantavirus (strain Vranica/Hällnäs) nucleocapsid (N) protein sequence (aa 1-45), alternatively inserted at three distinct positions (N-, C-terminus, or the internal region), and mosaic particles consisting of HBV core as well as core/PUU (Vranica/Hällnäs) N (aa 1-45) readthrough protein were generated. Chimeric particles carrying the insert at the N-terminus or the internal region of core induced some protective immune response in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) against a subsequent PUU virus (strain Kazan) challenge; 40-50% of the animals showed markers of protection. In contrast, internal insertion of PUU strain CG18-20 N (aa 1-45) into the HBV core caused a highly protective immune response in the bank vole model. Immunizations with particles carrying aa 75-119 of PUU (CG18-20) N at the C-terminus of core verified the presence of a second, minor protective region in the N protein. A strong PUU N-specific antibody response was detected not only in bank voles immunized with chimeric particles containing internal and N-terminal fusions of PUU N protein but also in animals immunized with the corresponding mosaic particles. Except for the exclusive occurrence of antibodies directed against aa 231-240 of N in non-protected animals post virus challenge, there was no additional obvious difference in the epitope-specificity of N-specific antibodies from immunized animals prior and post virus challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Koletzki
- Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Genvresse I, Späth-Schwalbe E, Meisel H, Kaufmann O, Krüger DH, Possinger K. Primary hepatic or splenic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and hepatitis C virus infection: a non-fortuitous association? Ann Hematol 2000; 79:530-2. [PMID: 11043427 DOI: 10.1007/s002770000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Preikschat P, Kazaks A, Dishlers A, Pumpens P, Krüger DH, Meisel H. Interaction of wild-type and naturally occurring deleted variants of hepatitis B virus core polypeptides leads to formation of mosaic particles. FEBS Lett 2000; 478:127-32. [PMID: 10922483 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes carrying wild-type (wt) and in-frame deleted variants of the HBV core gene has been identified as a typical feature of HBV-infected renal transplant patients with severe liver disease. To investigate possible interactions of wt and deleted core polypeptides a two-vector Escherichia coli expression system ensuring their concomitant synthesis has been developed. Co-expression of wt and a mutant core lacking 17 amino acid residues (77-93) within the immunodominant region led to the formation of mosaic particles, whereas the mutant alone was incapable of self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Preikschat
- Institute of Virology, Humboldt University School of Medicine, Schumannstr, 20/21, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
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35
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Abstract
Biologically active peptides derived from milk proteins are inactive within the sequence of the precursor proteins but can be released by enzymatic proteolysis. Based on structure-activity studies, peptides with a defined bioactivity show common structural features. Moreover, many milk protein-derived peptides reveal multifunctional bioactivities. Bioactive peptide fragments originating from milk proteins should be taken into account as potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body. Opioid peptides are opioid receptor ligands with agonistic or antagonistic activities. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides can exert an antihypertensive effect. Immunomodulating casein peptides have been found to stimulate the proliferation of human lymphocytes and the phagocytic activities of macrophages. Antimicrobial peptides have been shown to kill sensitive microorganisms. Antithrombotic peptides inhibit the fibrinogen binding to a specific receptor region on the platelet surface and also inhibit aggregation of platelets. Casein phosphopeptides can form soluble organophosphate salts and may function as carriers for different minerals, especially calcium. In relation to their mode of action, bioactive peptides may reach target sites (e.g., receptors, enzymes) at the luminal side of the intestinal tract or after absorption, in peripheral organs. The physiological significance of bioactive peptides as exogenous regulatory substances is not yet fully understood. Nevertheless, several bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins have been shown to exert beneficial physiological effects. Milk-derived peptides were already produced on an industrial scale and as a consequence these peptides have been considered for application both as dietary supplements in "functional foods" and as drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Federal Dairy Research Centre, Institute for Chemistry and Physics, Kiel, Germany
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36
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Abstract
IgE response specific to those molecular regions of casein that contain a major phosphorylation site was analyzed using native and modified caseins and derived peptides. This study included (i) the naturally occurring common variants A1 and A from beta- and alphas2-caseins, respectively, which were purified in the native form and then dephosphorylated, (ii) a purified rare variant D of alphas2-casein which lacks one major phosphorylation site, and (iii) the native and dephosphorylated tryptic fragment f(1-25) from beta-casein. Direct and indirect ELISA using sera from patients allergic to milk showed that the IgE response to caseins is affected by modifying or eliminating the major phosphorylation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bernard
- Laboratoire d'Immuno-Allergie Alimentaire, INRA-CEA, SPI, Bâtiment 136, Saclay, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France.
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37
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Sobotta D, Sominskaya I, Jansons J, Meisel H, Schmitt S, Heermann KH, Kaluza G, Pumpens P, Gerlich WH. Mapping of immunodominant B-cell epitopes and the human serum albumin-binding site in natural hepatitis B virus surface antigen of defined genosubtype. J Gen Virol 2000; 81:369-78. [PMID: 10644835 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-81-2-369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve MAbs were generated by immunization of BALB/c mice with plasma-derived hepatitis B virus surface spherical antigen particles subtype ayw2 (HBsAg/ayw2 genotype D). Their epitopes were mapped by analysis of reactivity with plasma-derived HBsAg/ayw2 and HBsAg/adw2 (genotype A) in enzyme immunoassays and blots. Mapping was supported by nested sets of truncated preS2 proteins and preS2 peptides. Five antibodies were S domain-specific, seven were preS2-specific and 11 had a preference for genotype D. According to our data, group I of the three known epitope groups of preS2 has to be divided into IA and IB. Three preS2-specific MAbs forming the new group IA reacted with genotype D residues 3-15 which have not yet been described as an epitope region. IA antibodies strongly inhibited the binding of polymerized human serum albumin. Two antibodies (group II) reacted with the glycosylated N-terminal region of preS2 in plasma-derived HBsAg, but not with a preparation from transfected murine cells. One group III antibody was subtype-specific and reacted with the highly variable preS2 sequence 38-48. Only one antibody (group IB) mapped to the region (old group I) which was believed to be immunodominant and genotype-independent. Geno(sub)type-specific epitopes of preS2 are obviously the immunodominant components of natural HBsAg in BALB/c mice, but these epitopes may be masked by serum albumins in humans. The data may explain why it is difficult to detect anti-preS2 antibodies in human recipients of preS2-containing vaccines, in spite of the preS2 immunodominance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sobotta
- Institute of Medical Virology, Clinics of the Justus-Liebig-University, Frankfurter Str. 107, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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38
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Thierfelder W, Meisel H, Schreier E, Dortschy R. [Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses in the German population]. Gesundheitswesen 1999; 61 Spec No:S110-4. [PMID: 10726407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Representative random samples were tested for hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections within the framework of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey. The laboratory parameters included determination of anti-HAV, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, HbsAg, anti-HCV and hepatitis C virus RNA. The prevalence rate for anti-HAV was 46.5% with a definite age-dependence. The infection rates for hepatitis B of 7.7% in former West Germany and of 4.3% in former East Germany were obtained. This is equivalent to a total of 7% prevalence rate. The HbsAg carrier rate was 0.6%. Hepatitis C virus antibodies showed a prevalence rate of 0.4%.
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39
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Meisel H, Preikschat P, Reinke P, Hocher B, Budde K, Bechstein WO, Neuhaus P, Krüger DH, Neumayer HH. Disappearance of hepatitis B virus core deletion mutants and successful combined kidney/liver transplantation in a patient treated with lamivudine. Transpl Int 1999. [PMID: 10460876 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.1999.tb01216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core deletion variants with enhanced viral replication are associated with rapid deterioration of liver function in renal allograft recipients. Antiviral agents such as famciclovir and lamivudine offer new treatment strategies for these patients. Appearance, accumulation and persistence of HBV core deletion mutants were closely monitored in a kidney transplant recipient with liver cirrhosis before and after initiation of antiviral treatment. Under treatment with famciclovir HBV DNA concentration decreased by 50 %, HBV mutants persisted. After replacement of famciclovir by lamivudine HBV replication was reduced below the detection limit. Lamivudine was well tolerated and liver function improved. After successful combined kidney/liver transplantation the patient became HBsAg and HBV DNA (detected by PCR) negative under continuous hyperimmune globulin and lamivudine treatment. Antiviral therapy with lamivudine may be useful in treatment of progressive liver disease associated with HBV core deletion mutants in renal allograft recipients and may enable successful liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Department of Medical Virology, Charité, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13 353 Berlin, Germany
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40
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Sibold C, Meisel H, Lundkvist A, Schulz A, Cifire F, Ulrich R, Kozuch O, Labuda M, Krüger DH. Short report: simultaneous occurrence of Dobrava, Puumala, and Tula Hantaviruses in Slovakia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 61:409-11. [PMID: 10497981 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of antibody to hantaviruses in Slovakia (serum panel n = 2,133) was lower in the western part (0.54%) and higher in the eastern part (1.91%) of the country and was found to be significantly enhanced in a group of forest workers from eastern Slovakia (5.88%). One-third of the IgM-negative convalescent phase sera from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome exhibited antibodies reacting predominantly with Puumala virus antigen, while two-thirds had antibodies directed mainly against Hantaan virus antigen. Fine analysis of two Hantaan virus-reactive sera by a focus reduction neutralization test showed that Dobrava hantavirus was the source of these human infections. Initial results of rodent screening indicated the circulation of Dobrava virus in populations of striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius) in eastern Slovakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sibold
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité School of Medicine, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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Meisel H, Preikschat P, Reinke P, Hocher B, Budde K, Bechstein WO, Neuhaus P, Krüger DH, Neumayer HH. Disappearance of hepatitis B virus core deletion mutants and successful combined kidney/liver transplantation in a patient treated with lamivudine. Transpl Int 1999; 12:283-7. [PMID: 10460876 DOI: 10.1007/s001470050225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) core deletion variants with enhanced viral replication are associated with rapid deterioration of liver function in renal allograft recipients. Antiviral agents such as famciclovir and lamivudine offer new treatment strategies for these patients. Appearance, accumulation and persistence of HBV core deletion mutants were closely monitored in a kidney transplant recipient with liver cirrhosis before and after initiation of antiviral treatment. Under treatment with famciclovir HBV DNA concentration decreased by 50 %, HBV mutants persisted. After replacement of famciclovir by lamivudine HBV replication was reduced below the detection limit. Lamivudine was well tolerated and liver function improved. After successful combined kidney/liver transplantation the patient became HBsAg and HBV DNA (detected by PCR) negative under continuous hyperimmune globulin and lamivudine treatment. Antiviral therapy with lamivudine may be useful in treatment of progressive liver disease associated with HBV core deletion mutants in renal allograft recipients and may enable successful liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Department of Medical Virology, Charité, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13 353 Berlin, Germany
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Ulrich R, Koletzki D, Lachmann S, Lundkvist A, Zankl A, Kazaks A, Kurth A, Gelderblom HR, Borisova G, Meisel H, Krüger DH. New chimaeric hepatitis B virus core particles carrying hantavirus (serotype Puumala) epitopes: immunogenicity and protection against virus challenge. J Biotechnol 1999; 73:141-53. [PMID: 10486924 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(99)00117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles generated by the heterologous expression of virus structural proteins are able to potentiate the immunogenicity of foreign epitopes presented on their surface. In recent years epitopes of various origin have been inserted into the core antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV) allowing the formation of chimaeric HBV core particles. Chimaeric core particles carrying the 45 N-terminal amino acids of the Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein induced protective immunity in bank voles, the natural host of this hantavirus. Particles applied in the absence of adjuvant are still immunogenic and partially protective in bank voles. Although a C-terminally truncated core antigen of HBV (HBcAg delta) tolerates the insertion of extended foreign sequences, for the construction of multivalent vaccines the limited insertion capacity is still a critical factor. Recently, we have described a new system for generating HBV 'mosaic particles' in an Escherichia coli suppressor strain based on a readthrough mechanism on a stop linker located in front of the insert. Those mosaic particles are built up by both HBcAg delta and the HBcAg delta/Puumala nucleocapsid readthrough protein. The particles formed presented the 114 amino acid (aa) long hantavirus sequence, at least in part, on their surface and induced antibodies against the hantavirus sequence in bank voles. Variants of the stop linker still allowed the formation of mosaic particles demonstrating that stop codon suppression alone is sufficient for the packaging of longer foreign sequences in mosaic particles. Another approach to increase the insertion capacity is based on the simultaneous insertion of different Puumala nucleocapsid protein sequences (aa 1-45 and aa 75-119) into two different positions (aa 78 and behind aa 144) of a single HBcAg molecule. The data presented are of high relevance for the generation of multivalent vaccines requiring a high insertion capacity for foreign sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ulrich
- Institute of Virology, Humboldt University, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
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Lachmann S, Meisel H, Muselmann C, Koletzki D, Gelderblom HR, Borisova G, Krüger DH, Pumpens P, Ulrich R. Characterization of potential insertion sites in the core antigen of hepatitis B virus by the use of a short-sized model epitope. Intervirology 1999; 42:51-6. [PMID: 10393504 DOI: 10.1159/000024960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Core particles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are able to improve the immunogenicity of foreign sequences exposed on the particle surface. The insertion site in the core antigen of HBV (HBcAg) determines the surface presentation and thus the immunogenicity of the foreign sequence. For direct comparison of the value of potential insertion sites in the core antigen, we constructed vectors allowing insertions of a model marker epitope DPAFR. This epitope was inserted at the N-terminus, the c/e1 loop, behind amino acid (aa) 144 and behind aa 183 (DPAF only). In addition, we generated a mosaic construct allowing the co-expression of HBcAg and a HBcAg/DPAFR fusion protein due to a suppressor tRNA-mediated readthrough mechanism. All 6 constructs allowed the formation of chimaeric or mosaic core-like particles. Western blot analyses and a direct ELISA demonstrated the presence of the DPAFR sequence in the chimaeric and mosaic particles. Competitive ELISA and immune electron-microscopic data suggested the c/e1 loop as the insertion site of choice for presenting foreign sequences on the surface of chimaeric HBV core particles. However, the N-terminal fusion also allowed partial surface exposure of the DPAFR motif. In contrast, in particles of constructs carrying the DPAFR insert at aa position 144 or 183, respectively, the epitope seemed not to be surface accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lachmann
- Institute of Virology, Humboldt University, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
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Preikschat P, Borisova G, Borschukova O, Dislers A, Mezule G, Grens E, Kr ºger DH, Pumpens P, Meisel H. Expression, assembly competence and antigenic properties of hepatitis B virus core gene deletion variants from infected liver cells. J Gen Virol 1999; 80 ( Pt 7):1777-1788. [PMID: 10423147 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the progression of hepatitis B virus-related liver disease in long-term immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients is associated with the accumulation of virus variants carrying in-frame deletions in the central part of the core gene. A set of naturally occurring core protein variants was expressed in Escherichia coli in order to investigate their stability and assembly competence and to characterize their antigenic and immunogenic properties. In addition, a library of core gene variants generated in vitro with deletions including the major immunodominant region (MIR) of the core protein was investigated. The position and length of deletions determined the behaviour of mutant core proteins in E. coli and their assignment to one of the three groups: (i) assembly-competent, (ii) stable but assembly-incompetent and (iii) unstable proteins. In vivo core variants with MIR deletions between amino acids 77 and 93 belong to the first group. Only proteins with the shortest deletion (amino acids 86-93) showed stability and self-assembly at the same level as wild-type cores, and they showed reduced antigenicity and immunogenicity. Mutants with deletions extending N-terminally beyond residue G73 or C-terminally beyond G94 were found to be assembly-incompetent. We suggest that G73 and G94 are involved in the folding and the native assembly of core molecules, whereas the intervening sequence determines the antibody response. Depending on their ability to form stable proteins or to assemble into particles, core mutants could contribute to liver cell pathogenesis in different ways.
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Meisel H, Bockelmann W. Bioactive peptides encrypted in milk proteins: proteolytic activation and thropho-functional properties. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1999; 76:207-15. [PMID: 10532380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The bioactivities of peptides encrypted in major milk proteins are latent until released and activated by enzymatic proteolysis, e.g. during gastrointestinal digestion or food processing. The proteolytic system of lactic acid bacteria can contribute to the liberation of bioactive peptides. In vitro, the purified cell wall proteinase of Lactococcus lactis was shown to liberate oligopeptides from beta- and alpha-caseins which contain amino acid sequences present in casomorphins, casokinines, and immunopeptides. The further degradation of these peptides by endopeptidases and exopeptidases of lactic acid bacteria could lead to the liberation of bioactive peptides in fermented milk products. However, the sequences of practically all known biologically active peptides can also be cleaved by peptidases from lactic acid bacteria. Activated peptides are potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body: Opioid peptides are opioid receptor ligands which can modulate absorption processes in the intestinal tract, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides are hemodynamic regulators and exert an antihypertensive effect, immunomodulating casein peptides stimulate the activities of cells of the immune system, antimicrobial peptides kill sensitive microorganisms, antithrombotic peptides inhibit aggregation of platelets and caseinophosphopeptides may function as carriers for different minerals, especially calcium. Bioactive peptides can interact with target sites at the luminal side of the intestinal tract. Furthermore, they can be absorbed and then reach peripheral organs. Food-derived bioactive peptides are claimed to be health enhancing components which can be used for functional food and pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Federal Dairy Research Centre, Institute for Chemistry and Physics, Kiel, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Federal Dairy Research Centre, Institut for Chemistry and Physics, Kiel, Germany
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Abstract
Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) has been classically associated with the renin-angiotensin system which regulates peripheral blood pressure. Peptides derived from the major whey proteins, i.e. alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-la) and beta-lactoglobulin (beta-lg) in addition to bovine serum albumin (BSA), inhibit ACE. Some of these inhibitory peptides, i.e. alpha-lactorphin (alpha-la f(50-53)), beta-lactorphin (beta-lg f(102-105)), beta-lactotensin (beta-lg f(146-149) and albutensin A (BSA f(208-216)), have other bioactivities. The most potent lactokinin reported to date, (beta-lg f(142-148)), has an ACE IC50 of 42.6 mumol/l. While they do not have the inhibitory potency of synthetic drugs commonly used in the treatment of hypertension, these naturally occurring peptides may represent nutraceutical/functional food ingredients for the prevention/treatment of high blood pressure. Studies with gastric and pancreatic proteinase digests of whey proteins indicate that enzyme specificity rather than extent of hydrolysis dictates the ACE inhibitory potency of whey hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J FitzGerald
- University of Limerick, Life Science Department, Limerick, Ireland
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Koletzki D, Biel SS, Meisel H, Nugel E, Gelderblom HR, Krüger DH, Ulrich R. HBV core particles allow the insertion and surface exposure of the entire potentially protective region of Puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein. Biol Chem 1999; 380:325-33. [PMID: 10223335 DOI: 10.1515/bc.1999.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Core particles of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) potentiate the immune response against foreign epitopes presented on their surface. Potential insertion sites in the monomeric subunit of the HBV core protein were previously identified at the N- and C-terminus and in the immunodominant c/e1 region. In a C-terminally truncated core protein these sites were used to introduce the entire 120 amino acid (aa)-long potentially immunoprotective region of the hantavirus (serotype Puumala) nucleocapsid protein. The N- and C-terminal fusion products were unable to form core-like particles in detectable amounts. However, a suppressable stop codon located between the HBV core and the C-terminally fused hantavirus sequence restored the ability to form particles ('mosaic particles'); in contrast to the C-terminal fusion product the mosaic construct allowed the formation of particles built up by the core protein itself and the HBV core-Puumala nucleocapsid-readthrough protein. The mosaic particles exposed the 120 aa region of the PUU nucleocapsid protein on their surface as demonstrated by ELISA and immuno electron microscopy applying different monoclonal antibodies. Insertion of the hantaviral sequence into the c/e1 region not only allowed the formation of chimeric particles, but again the surface accessibility of the sequence. HBV core antigenicity itself was, however, reduced in the particles carrying insertions in the c/e1 region, probably due to a masking effect of the 120 aa long insert.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Koletzki
- Institute of Virology, Charité Medical School, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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Meisel H, Reip A, Krüger DH, Budde K, Fritsche L, Neumayer HH. Long-term investigation of hepatitis G virus infection in renal transplant recipients with and without hepatitis B and C co-infection. Transplant Proc 1999; 31:1382-3. [PMID: 10083611 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)02036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Flaviviridae/isolation & purification
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/epidemiology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/complications
- Hepatitis, Viral, Human/epidemiology
- Humans
- Kidney Transplantation
- Postoperative Complications
- Prevalence
- RNA, Viral/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meisel
- Department of Virology, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Berlin, Germany
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Zibert A, Kraas W, Ross RS, Meisel H, Lechner S, Jung G, Roggendorf M. Immunodominant B-cell domains of hepatitis C virus envelope proteins E1 and E2 identified during early and late time points of infection. J Hepatol 1999; 30:177-84. [PMID: 10068093 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(99)80059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We characterized immunoreactive B-cell domains of hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E1 and E2 by a peptide ELISA using sera of patients who were infected by the same isolate of HCV (HCV-AD78). METHODS Fifty-four overlapping peptides which corresponded to the sequence of E1 and E2 of isolate HCV-AD78 were used to detect specific antibodies. Three groups of HCV-AD78 related sera were analyzed. Two groups were from sera obtained at early time points of infection (months 4-15) from patients who later resolved infection (group A), or who later developed chronic disease (group B). Group C sera were from later time points of chronic disease. As a control, sera of chronic HCV patients who did not have HCV-AD78 infection were also analyzed (group D). RESULTS In group A, 25 of the 54 peptides produced OD405 above the cut-off, whereas 17 peptides produced such values in group B. Only 10 and 3 peptides yielded such values in groups C and D, respectively. The overall prevalence of antibodies against peptides was high in the early phase of infection (means of 28.7+/-14.8% and 25.9+/-14.5% in groups A and B, respectively). At later time points of chronic infection (group C), the overall prevalence was lower (mean 18.6+/-15.4%). Group D sera produced the lowest overall prevalence (mean 13.2+/-14.1%). Three peptides, covering aa271-290, aa481-500 and aa551-570, were recognized significantly more frequently (p<0.05) by group A sera than group B sera. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that more linear epitopes of the HCV envelope are recognized with a high prevalence of antibodies, as was suggested previously. However, most B-cell domains of the HCV envelope induce a similarly high antibody response in patients who resolve infection or develop chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zibert
- Institut für Virologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany
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