1
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Bouguenina H, Nicolaou S, Bihan YVL, Bowling EA, Calderon C, Caldwell JJ, Harrington B, Hayes A, McAndrew PC, Mitsopoulos C, Sialana FJ, Scarpino A, Stubbs M, Thapaliya A, Tyagi S, Wang HZ, Wood F, Burke R, Raynaud F, Choudhary J, van Montfort RL, Sadok A, Westbrook TF, Collins I, Chopra R. Erratum: iTAG an optimized IMiD-induced degron for targeted protein degradation in human and murine cells. iScience 2024; 27:109727. [PMID: 38646177 PMCID: PMC11031816 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107059.].
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2
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Bouguenina H, Scarpino A, O'Hanlon JA, Warne J, Wang HZ, Wah Hak LC, Sadok A, McAndrew PC, Stubbs M, Pierrat OA, Hahner T, Cabry MP, Le Bihan YV, Mitsopoulos C, Sialana FJ, Roumeliotis TI, Burke R, van Montfort RLM, Choudhari J, Chopra R, Caldwell JJ, Collins I. A Degron Blocking Strategy Towards Improved CRL4 CRBN Recruiting PROTAC Selectivity. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300351. [PMID: 37418539 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules inducing protein degradation are important pharmacological tools to interrogate complex biology and are rapidly translating into clinical agents. However, to fully realise the potential of these molecules, selectivity remains a limiting challenge. Herein, we addressed the issue of selectivity in the design of CRL4CRBN recruiting PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs). Thalidomide derivatives used to generate CRL4CRBN recruiting PROTACs have well described intrinsic monovalent degradation profiles by inducing the recruitment of neo-substrates, such as GSPT1, Ikaros and Aiolos. We leveraged structural insights from known CRL4CRBN neo-substrates to attenuate and indeed remove this monovalent degradation function in well-known CRL4CRBN molecular glues degraders, namely CC-885 and Pomalidomide. We then applied these design principles on a previously published BRD9 PROTAC (dBRD9-A) and generated an analogue with improved selectivity profile. Finally, we implemented a computational modelling pipeline to show that our degron blocking design does not impact PROTAC-induced ternary complex formation. We believe that the tools and principles presented in this work will be valuable to support the development of targeted protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Bouguenina
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Andrea Scarpino
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jack A O'Hanlon
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Justin Warne
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Hannah Z Wang
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Laura Chan Wah Hak
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Amine Sadok
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Monte Rosa Therapeutics AG, Aeschenvorstadt 36, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Craig McAndrew
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mark Stubbs
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Olivier A Pierrat
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Tamas Hahner
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Marc P Cabry
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Yann-Vaï Le Bihan
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Costas Mitsopoulos
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Fernando J Sialana
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Theodoros I Roumeliotis
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Rob L M van Montfort
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jyoti Choudhari
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rajesh Chopra
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Apple Tree Partners, The Gridiron Building, Suite 6.05, 1 St Pancras Square, London, N1 C 4AG, UK
| | - John J Caldwell
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5NG, UK
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3
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Alexander M, Collins I, Abraham P, Underhill C, Harris S, Torres J, Sharma S, Solomon B, Tran‐Duy A, Burbury K. Telehealth in oncology: a cost analysis to evaluate the financial impact of implementing regional trial hubs within a phase 3 cancer clinical trial. Intern Med J 2023; 53:2346-2349. [PMID: 38130050 PMCID: PMC10946773 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This cost analysis, from a societal perspective, compared the cost difference of a networked teletrial model (NTTM) with four regional hubs versus conventional trial operation at a single metropolitan specialist centre. The Australian phase 3 cancer interventional randomised controlled trial included 152 of 328 regional participants (patient enrolment 2018-2021; 6-month primary end point). The NTTM significantly reduced (AU$2155 per patient) patient travel cost and time and lost productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marliese Alexander
- Pharmacy DepartmentPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ian Collins
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Deakin UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Patrick Abraham
- Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Craig Underhill
- Border Medical Oncology and Haematology Research UnitAlbury Wodonga Regional Cancer CentreAlbury WodongaNew South WalesAustralia
- Rural Medical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sam Harris
- Bendigo Cancer CentreBendigo HealthBendigoVictoriaAustralia
| | - Javier Torres
- Peter Copulos Cancer and Wellness CentreGoulburn Valley HealthSheppartonVictoriaAustralia
- Shepparton Clinical SchoolThe University of MelbourneSheppartonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Sharad Sharma
- Ballarat Regional Integrated Cancer CentreGrampians HealthBallaratVictoriaAustralia
| | - Benjamin Solomon
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medical OncologyPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - An Tran‐Duy
- Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kate Burbury
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of HaematologyPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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4
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Liu M, Mirza A, McAndrew PC, Thapaliya A, Pierrat OA, Stubbs M, Hahner T, Chessum NEA, Innocenti P, Caldwell J, Cheeseman MD, Bellenie BR, van Montfort RLM, Newton GK, Burke R, Collins I, Hoelder S. Determination of Ligand-Binding Affinity ( Kd) Using Transverse Relaxation Rate ( R2) in the Ligand-Observed 1H NMR Experiment and Applications to Fragment-Based Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10617-10627. [PMID: 37467168 PMCID: PMC10424183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
High hit rates from initial ligand-observed NMR screening can make it challenging to prioritize which hits to follow up, especially in cases where there are no available crystal structures of these hits bound to the target proteins or other strategies to provide affinity ranking. Here, we report a reproducible, accurate, and versatile quantitative ligand-observed NMR assay, which can determine Kd values of fragments in the affinity range of low μM to low mM using transverse relaxation rate R2 as the observable parameter. In this study, we examined the theory and proposed a mathematical formulation to obtain Kd values using non-linear regression analysis. We designed an assay format with automated sample preparation and simplified data analysis. Using tool compounds, we explored the assay reproducibility, accuracy, and detection limits. Finally, we used this assay to triage fragment hits, yielded from fragment screening against the CRBN/DDB1 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjuan Liu
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Amin Mirza
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - P. Craig McAndrew
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Arjun Thapaliya
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Olivier A. Pierrat
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Mark Stubbs
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Tamas Hahner
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Nicola E. A. Chessum
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Paolo Innocenti
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - John Caldwell
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Matthew D. Cheeseman
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Benjamin R. Bellenie
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Rob L. M. van Montfort
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
- Division
of Structural Biology, The Institute of
Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Gary K. Newton
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Ian Collins
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Swen Hoelder
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
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5
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Bouguenina H, Nicolaou S, Le Bihan YV, Bowling EA, Calderon C, Caldwell JJ, Harrington B, Hayes A, McAndrew PC, Mitsopoulos C, Sialana FJ, Scarpino A, Stubbs M, Thapaliya A, Tyagi S, Wang HZ, Wood F, Burke R, Raynaud F, Choudhary J, van Montfort RL, Sadok A, Westbrook TF, Collins I, Chopra R. iTAG an optimized IMiD-induced degron for targeted protein degradation in human and murine cells. iScience 2023; 26:107059. [PMID: 37360684 PMCID: PMC10285648 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To address the limitation associated with degron based systems, we have developed iTAG, a synthetic tag based on IMiDs/CELMoDs mechanism of action that improves and addresses the limitations of both PROTAC and previous IMiDs/CeLMoDs based tags. Using structural and sequence analysis, we systematically explored native and chimeric degron containing domains (DCDs) and evaluated their ability to induce degradation. We identified the optimal chimeric iTAG(DCD23 60aa) that elicits robust degradation of targets across cell types and subcellular localizations without exhibiting the well documented "hook effect" of PROTAC-based systems. We showed that iTAG can also induce target degradation by murine CRBN and enabled the exploration of natural neo-substrates that can be degraded by murine CRBN. Hence, the iTAG system constitutes a versatile tool to degrade targets across the human and murine proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Bouguenina
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Stephanos Nicolaou
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Yann-Vaï Le Bihan
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Elizabeth A. Bowling
- Therapeutic Innovation Centre (THINC), Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cheyenne Calderon
- Therapeutic Innovation Centre (THINC), Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John J. Caldwell
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Brinley Harrington
- Therapeutic Innovation Centre (THINC), Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Angela Hayes
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - P. Craig McAndrew
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Costas Mitsopoulos
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Fernando Jr. Sialana
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Andrea Scarpino
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mark Stubbs
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Arjun Thapaliya
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Siddhartha Tyagi
- Therapeutic Innovation Centre (THINC), Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah Z. Wang
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Francesca Wood
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Florence Raynaud
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Jyoti Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rob L.M. van Montfort
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Amine Sadok
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Thomas F. Westbrook
- Therapeutic Innovation Centre (THINC), Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ian Collins
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Rajesh Chopra
- Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, the Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, London SM2 5NG, UK
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6
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Saint-Dizier F, Matthews TP, Gregson AM, Prevet H, McHardy T, Colombano G, Saville H, Rowlands M, Ewens C, McAndrew PC, Tomlin K, Guillotin D, Mak GWY, Drosopoulos K, Poursaitidis I, Burke R, van Montfort R, Linardopoulos S, Collins I. Discovery of 2-(3-Benzamidopropanamido)thiazole-5-carboxylate Inhibitors of the Kinesin HSET (KIFC1) and the Development of Cellular Target Engagement Probes. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2622-2645. [PMID: 36749938 PMCID: PMC9969401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The existence of multiple centrosomes in some cancer cells can lead to cell death through the formation of multipolar mitotic spindles and consequent aberrant cell division. Many cancer cells rely on HSET (KIFC1) to cluster the extra centrosomes into two groups to mimic the bipolar spindle formation of non-centrosome-amplified cells and ensure their survival. Here, we report the discovery of a novel 2-(3-benzamidopropanamido)thiazole-5-carboxylate with micromolar in vitro inhibition of HSET (KIFC1) through high-throughput screening and its progression to ATP-competitive compounds with nanomolar biochemical potency and high selectivity against the opposing mitotic kinesin Eg5. Induction of the multipolar phenotype was shown in centrosome-amplified human cancer cells treated with these inhibitors. In addition, a suitable linker position was identified to allow the synthesis of both fluorescent- and trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-tagged probes, which demonstrated direct compound binding to the HSET protein and confirmed target engagement in cells, through a click-chemistry approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Saint-Dizier
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Thomas P. Matthews
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Aaron M. Gregson
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Hugues Prevet
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Tatiana McHardy
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Giampiero Colombano
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Harry Saville
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Martin Rowlands
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Caroline Ewens
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - P. Craig McAndrew
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Kathy Tomlin
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Delphine Guillotin
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Grace Wing-Yan Mak
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | | | - Ioannis Poursaitidis
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Rob van Montfort
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
- Division
of Structural Biology, The Institute of
Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Spiros Linardopoulos
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
- Breast
Cancer Now Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Ian Collins
- Centre
for Cancer Drug Discovery, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
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7
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Antolin AA, Sanfelice D, Crisp A, Villasclaras Fernandez E, Mica IL, Chen Y, Collins I, Edwards A, Müller S, Al-Lazikani B, Workman P. The Chemical Probes Portal: an expert review-based public resource to empower chemical probe assessment, selection and use. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 51:D1492-D1502. [PMID: 36268860 PMCID: PMC9825478 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the Chemical Probes Portal (https://www.chemicalprobes.org/), an expert review-based public resource to empower chemical probe assessment, selection and use. Chemical probes are high-quality small-molecule reagents, often inhibitors, that are important for exploring protein function and biological mechanisms, and for validating targets for drug discovery. The publication, dissemination and use of chemical probes provide an important means to accelerate the functional annotation of proteins, the study of proteins in cell biology, physiology, and disease pathology, and to inform and enable subsequent pioneering drug discovery and development efforts. However, the widespread use of small-molecule compounds that are claimed as chemical probes but are lacking sufficient quality, especially being inadequately selective for the desired target or even broadly promiscuous in behaviour, has resulted in many erroneous conclusions in the biomedical literature. The Chemical Probes Portal was established as a public resource to aid the selection and best-practice use of chemical probes in basic and translational biomedical research. We describe the background, principles and content of the Portal and its technical development, as well as examples of its applications and use. The Chemical Probes Portal is a community resource and we therefore describe how researchers can be involved in its content and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Antolin
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Domenico Sanfelice
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Alisa Crisp
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Eloy Villasclaras Fernandez
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Ioan L Mica
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Centre for Cancer Drug Discovery, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | - Aled Edwards
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada,Chemical Probes Portal, www.chemicalprobes.org
| | | | | | - Paul Workman
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +44 2087224580;
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8
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Hunter JE, Campbell AE, Butterworth JA, Sellier H, Hannaway NL, Luli S, Floudas A, Kenneth NS, Moore AJ, Brownridge PJ, Thomas HD, Coxhead J, Taylor L, Leary P, Hasoon MS, Knight AM, Garrett MD, Collins I, Eyers CE, Perkins ND. Mutation of the RelA(p65) Thr505 phosphosite disrupts the DNA replication stress response leading to CHK1 inhibitor resistance. Biochem J 2022; 479:2087-2113. [PMID: 36240065 PMCID: PMC9704643 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill E. Hunter
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Jacqueline A. Butterworth
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Helene Sellier
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Nicola L. Hannaway
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Achilleas Floudas
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Niall S. Kenneth
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Adam J. Moore
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Philip J. Brownridge
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Huw D. Thomas
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jonathan Coxhead
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Leigh Taylor
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Peter Leary
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Megan S.R. Hasoon
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Andrew M. Knight
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Michelle D. Garrett
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Stacey Building, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, U.K
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Herschel Building, Level 6, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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9
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Hunter JE, Campbell AE, Hannaway NL, Kerridge S, Luli S, Butterworth JA, Sellier H, Mukherjee R, Dhillon N, Sudhindar PD, Shukla R, Brownridge PJ, Bell HL, Coxhead J, Taylor L, Leary P, Hasoon MS, Collins I, Garrett MD, Eyers CE, Perkins ND. Regulation of CHK1 inhibitor resistance by a c-Rel and USP1 dependent pathway. Biochem J 2022; 479:2063-2086. [PMID: 36240066 PMCID: PMC9704646 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we discovered that deletion of c-Rel in the Eµ-Myc mouse model of lymphoma results in earlier onset of disease, a finding that contrasted with the expected function of this NF-κB subunit in B-cell malignancies. Here we report that Eµ-Myc/cRel-/- cells have an unexpected and major defect in the CHK1 pathway. Total and phospho proteomic analysis revealed that Eµ-Myc/cRel-/- lymphomas highly resemble wild-type (WT) Eµ-Myc lymphomas treated with an acute dose of the CHK1 inhibitor (CHK1i) CCT244747. Further analysis demonstrated that this is a consequence of Eµ-Myc/cRel-/- lymphomas having lost expression of CHK1 protein itself, an effect that also results in resistance to CCT244747 treatment in vivo. Similar down-regulation of CHK1 protein levels was also seen in CHK1i resistant U2OS osteosarcoma and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Further investigation revealed that the deubiquitinase USP1 regulates CHK1 proteolytic degradation and that its down-regulation in our model systems is responsible, at least in part, for these effects. We demonstrate that treating WT Eµ-Myc lymphoma cells with the USP1 inhibitor ML323 was highly effective at reducing tumour burden in vivo. Targeting USP1 activity may thus be an alternative therapeutic strategy in MYC-driven tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E. Hunter
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Nicola L. Hannaway
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Scott Kerridge
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging (PIVI), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jacqueline A. Butterworth
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Helene Sellier
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Reshmi Mukherjee
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Nikita Dhillon
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Praveen D. Sudhindar
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Ruchi Shukla
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Philip J. Brownridge
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Hayden L. Bell
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Jonathan Coxhead
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Leigh Taylor
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Peter Leary
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Megan S.R. Hasoon
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, U.K
| | - Michelle D. Garrett
- School of Biosciences, Stacey Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, U.K
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
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10
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Sialana F, Roumeliotis TI, Bouguenina H, Chan Wah Hak L, Wang H, Caldwell J, Collins I, Chopra R, Choudhary JS. SimPLIT: Simplified Sample Preparation for Large-Scale Isobaric Tagging Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1842-1856. [PMID: 35848491 PMCID: PMC9361352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Large scale proteomic profiling of cell lines can reveal molecular signatures attributed to variable genotypes or induced perturbations, enabling proteogenomic associations and elucidation of pharmacological mechanisms of action. Although isobaric labeling has increased the throughput of proteomic analysis, the commonly used sample preparation workflows often require time-consuming steps and costly consumables, limiting their suitability for large scale studies. Here, we present a simplified and cost-effective one-pot reaction workflow in a 96-well plate format (SimPLIT) that minimizes processing steps and demonstrates improved reproducibility compared to alternative approaches. The workflow is based on a sodium deoxycholate lysis buffer and a single detergent cleanup step after peptide labeling, followed by quick off-line fractionation and MS2 analysis. We showcase the applicability of the workflow in a panel of colorectal cancer cell lines and by performing target discovery for a set of molecular glue degraders in different cell lines, in a 96-sample assay. Using this workflow, we report frequently dysregulated proteins in colorectal cancer cells and uncover cell-dependent protein degradation profiles of seven cereblon E3 ligase modulators (CRL4CRBN). Overall, SimPLIT is a robust method that can be easily implemented in any proteomics laboratory for medium-to-large scale TMT-based studies for deep profiling of cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando
J. Sialana
- Functional
Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London SW3 6JB, U.K.
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Theodoros I. Roumeliotis
- Functional
Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London SW3 6JB, U.K.
| | - Habib Bouguenina
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Laura Chan Wah Hak
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Hannah Wang
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - John Caldwell
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Rajesh Chopra
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The
Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Jyoti S. Choudhary
- Functional
Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London SW3 6JB, U.K.
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11
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Miller DSJ, Voell SA, Sosič I, Proj M, Rossanese OW, Schnakenburg G, Gütschow M, Collins I, Steinebach C. Encoding BRAF inhibitor functions in protein degraders. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:731-736. [PMID: 35814929 PMCID: PMC9215127 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00064d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various BRAF kinase inhibitors were developed to treat cancers carrying the BRAFV600E mutation. First-generation BRAF inhibitors could lead to paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway, limiting their clinical usefulness. Here, we show the development of two series of BRAFV600E-targeting PROTACs and demonstrate that the exchange of the inhibitor scaffold from vemurafenib to paradox-breaker ligands resulted in BRAFV600E degraders that did not cause paradoxical ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S J Miller
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research London SW7 3RP UK
| | - Sabine A Voell
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn D-53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Izidor Sosič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Matic Proj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Olivia W Rossanese
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research London SW7 3RP UK
| | | | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn D-53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute of Cancer Research London SW7 3RP UK
| | - Christian Steinebach
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn D-53121 Bonn Germany
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12
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Gately L, Drummond K, Rosenthal M, Harrup R, Dowling A, Gogos A, Lwin Z, Collins I, Campbell D, Ahern E, Phillips C, Gan HK, Bennett I, Sieber OM, Gibbs P. Beyond standard data collection – the promise and potential of BRAIN (Brain tumour Registry Australia INnovation and translation registry). BMC Cancer 2022; 22:604. [PMID: 35655179 PMCID: PMC9161524 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Real-world data (RWD) is increasingly being embraced as an invaluable source of information to address clinical and policy-relevant questions that are unlikely to ever be answered by clinical trials. However, the largely unrealised potential of RWD is the value to be gained by supporting prospective studies and translational research. Here we describe the design and implementation of an Australian brain cancer registry, BRAIN, which is pursuing these opportunities.
Methods
BRAIN was designed by a panel of clinicians in conjunction with BIOGRID to capture comprehensive clinical data on patients diagnosed with brain tumours from diagnosis through treatment to recurrence or death. Extensive internal and external testing was undertaken, followed by implementation at multiple sites across Victoria and Tasmania.
Results
Between February 2021 and December 2021, a total of 350 new patients from 10 sites, including one private and two regional, were entered into BRAIN. Additionally, BRAIN supports the world’s first registry trial in neuro-oncology, EX-TEM, addressing the optimal duration of post-radiation temozolomide; and BioBRAIN, a dedicated brain tumour translational program providing a pipeline for biospecimen collection matched with linked clinical data.
Conclusions
Here we report on the first data collection effort in brain tumours for Australia, which we believe to be unique worldwide given the number of sites and patients involved and the extent to which the registry resource is being leveraged to support clinical and translational research. Further directions such as passive data flow and data linkages, use of artificial intelligence and inclusion of patient-entered data are being explored.
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13
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Lockwood N, Martini S, Lopez-Pardo A, Deiss K, Segeren HA, Semple RK, Collins I, Repana D, Cobbaut M, Soliman T, Ciccarelli F, Parker PJ. Genome-Protective Topoisomerase 2a-Dependent G2 Arrest Requires p53 in hTERT-Positive Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1762-1773. [PMID: 35247890 PMCID: PMC7612711 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerase 2a (Topo2a)-dependent G2 arrest engenders faithful segregation of sister chromatids, yet in certain tumor cell lines where this arrest is dysfunctional, a PKCε-dependent failsafe pathway can be triggered. Here we elaborate on recent advances in understanding the underlying mechanisms associated with this G2 arrest by determining that p53-p21 signaling is essential for efficient arrest in cell lines, in patient-derived cells, and in colorectal cancer organoids. Regulation of this p53 axis required the SMC5/6 complex, which is distinct from the p53 pathways observed in the DNA damage response. Topo2a inhibition specifically during S phase did not trigger G2 arrest despite affecting completion of DNA replication. Moreover, in cancer cells reliant upon the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, a distinct form of Topo2a-dependent, p53-independent G2 arrest was found to be mediated by BLM and Chk1. Importantly, the previously described PKCε-dependent mitotic failsafe was engaged in hTERT-positive cells when Topo2a-dependent G2 arrest was dysfunctional and where p53 was absent, but not in cells dependent on the ALT mechanism. In PKCε knockout mice, p53 deletion elicited tumors were less aggressive than in PKCε-replete animals and exhibited a distinct pattern of chromosomal rearrangements. This evidence suggests the potential of exploiting synthetic lethality in arrest-defective hTERT-positive tumors through PKCε-directed therapeutic intervention. SIGNIFICANCE The identification of a requirement for p53 in stringent Topo2a-dependent G2 arrest and engagement of PKCε failsafe pathways in arrest-defective hTERT-positive cells provides a therapeutic opportunity to induce selective synthetic lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lockwood
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Silvia Martini
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Ainara Lopez-Pardo
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Katharina Deiss
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Hendrika A Segeren
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Robert K Semple
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Dimitra Repana
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Mathias Cobbaut
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK
| | - Tanya Soliman
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Francesca Ciccarelli
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
| | - Peter J Parker
- Protein Phosphorylation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK.,School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, UK
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14
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Müller S, Ackloo S, Al Chawaf A, Al-Lazikani B, Antolin A, Baell JB, Beck H, Beedie S, Betz UAK, Bezerra GA, Brennan PE, Brown D, Brown PJ, Bullock AN, Carter AJ, Chaikuad A, Chaineau M, Ciulli A, Collins I, Dreher J, Drewry D, Edfeldt K, Edwards AM, Egner U, Frye SV, Fuchs SM, Hall MD, Hartung IV, Hillisch A, Hitchcock SH, Homan E, Kannan N, Kiefer JR, Knapp S, Kostic M, Kubicek S, Leach AR, Lindemann S, Marsden BD, Matsui H, Meier JL, Merk D, Michel M, Morgan MR, Mueller-Fahrnow A, Owen DR, Perry BG, Rosenberg SH, Saikatendu KS, Schapira M, Scholten C, Sharma S, Simeonov A, Sundström M, Superti-Furga G, Todd MH, Tredup C, Vedadi M, von Delft F, Willson TM, Winter GE, Workman P, Arrowsmith CH. Target 2035 - update on the quest for a probe for every protein. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:13-21. [PMID: 35211674 PMCID: PMC8792830 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00228g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty years after the publication of the first draft of the human genome, our knowledge of the human proteome is still fragmented. The challenge of translating the wealth of new knowledge from genomics into new medicines is that proteins, and not genes, are the primary executers of biological function. Therefore, much of how biology works in health and disease must be understood through the lens of protein function. Accordingly, a subset of human proteins has been at the heart of research interests of scientists over the centuries, and we have accumulated varying degrees of knowledge about approximately 65% of the human proteome. Nevertheless, a large proportion of proteins in the human proteome (∼35%) remains uncharacterized, and less than 5% of the human proteome has been successfully targeted for drug discovery. This highlights the profound disconnect between our abilities to obtain genetic information and subsequent development of effective medicines. Target 2035 is an international federation of biomedical scientists from the public and private sectors, which aims to address this gap by developing and applying new technologies to create by year 2035 chemogenomic libraries, chemical probes, and/or biological probes for the entire human proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
| | - Suzanne Ackloo
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
| | | | - Bissan Al-Lazikani
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5NG UK
- CRUK ICR/Imperial Convergence Science Centre London SM2 5NG UK
| | - Albert Antolin
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5NG UK
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5NG UK
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University No. 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Hartmut Beck
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals 42103 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Shaunna Beedie
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | | | - Gustavo Arruda Bezerra
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Paul E Brennan
- Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford Oxford OX3 7FZ UK
| | - David Brown
- Institut Recherches de Servier 125 Chemin de Ronde 78290 Croissy France
| | - Peter J Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
| | - Alex N Bullock
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Adrian J Carter
- Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim 55216 Ingelheim am Rhein Germany
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
| | - Mathilde Chaineau
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Alessio Ciulli
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee James Black Centre Dundee UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5NG UK
| | - Jan Dreher
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals 42103 Wuppertal Germany
| | - David Drewry
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy Chapel Hill NC USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Kristina Edfeldt
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Aled M Edwards
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
| | - Ursula Egner
- Nuvisan Innovation Campus Berlin GmbH Müllerstraße 178 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Stephen V Frye
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | | | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland 20850 USA
| | - Ingo V Hartung
- Medicinal Chemistry, Global R&D, Merck Healthcare KGaA Frankfurter Straße 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Alexander Hillisch
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals 42103 Wuppertal Germany
| | | | - Evert Homan
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia Athens GA USA
| | - James R Kiefer
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way South San Francisco California 94080 USA
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
| | - Milka Kostic
- Department of Cancer Biology and Chemical Biology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Stefan Kubicek
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Andrew R Leach
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD UK
| | - Sven Lindemann
- Strategic Innovation, Global R&D, Merck Healthcare KGaA Frankfurter Straße 250 64293 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Brian D Marsden
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford UK
| | - Hisanori Matsui
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan
| | - Jordan L Meier
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Frederick MD USA
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
- LMU Munich, Department of Pharmacy, Chair of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Maurice Michel
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Maxwell R Morgan
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
| | | | - Dafydd R Owen
- Discovery Network Group, Pfizer Medicine Design Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Benjamin G Perry
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative 15 Chemin Camille Vidart Geneva 1202 Switzerland
| | | | - Kumar Singh Saikatendu
- Global Research Externalization, Takeda California, Inc. 9625 Towne Center Drive San Diego CA 92121 USA
| | - Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Cora Scholten
- Research and Development, Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Sujata Sharma
- Structural & Protein Sciences, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research & Development 1400 McKean Rd Spring House PA 19477 USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland 20850 USA
| | - Michael Sundström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Matthew H Todd
- School of Pharmacy, University College London London WC1N 1AX UK
| | - Claudia Tredup
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
- Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt 60438 Germany
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Frank von Delft
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7DQ UK
- Diamond Light Source Ltd Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0QX UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg Auckland Park 2006 South Africa
- Research Complex at Harwell Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0FA UK
| | - Timothy M Willson
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA
| | - Georg E Winter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Vienna Austria
| | - Paul Workman
- CRUK ICR/Imperial Convergence Science Centre London SM2 5NG UK
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5NG UK
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7 Canada
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15
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O’Connor S, Le Bihan YV, Westwood IM, Liu M, Mak OW, Zazeri G, Povinelli APR, Jones AM, van Montfort R, Reynisson J, Collins I. Discovery and Characterization of a Cryptic Secondary Binding Site in the Molecular Chaperone HSP70. Molecules 2022; 27:817. [PMID: 35164081 PMCID: PMC8839746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Protein 70s (HSP70s) are key molecular chaperones that are overexpressed in many cancers and often associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. It has proven difficult to develop ATP-competitive, drug-like small molecule inhibitors of HSP70s due to the flexible and hydrophilic nature of the HSP70 ATP-binding site and its high affinity for endogenous nucleotides. The aim of this study was to explore the potential for the inhibition of HSP70 through alternative binding sites using fragment-based approaches. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fragment screen designed to detect secondary binding sites in HSP70 led to the identification by X-ray crystallography of a cryptic binding site in the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of HSP70 adjacent to the ATP-binding site. Fragment binding was confirmed and characterized as ATP-competitive using SPR and ligand-observed NMR methods. Molecular dynamics simulations were applied to understand the interactions with the protein upon ligand binding, and local secondary structure changes consistent with interconversion between the observed crystal structures with and without the cryptic pocket were detected. A virtual high-throughput screen (vHTS) against the cryptic pocket was conducted, and five compounds with diverse chemical scaffolds were confirmed to bind to HSP70 with micromolar affinity by SPR. These results identified and characterized a new targetable site on HSP70. While targeting HSP70 remains challenging, the new site may provide opportunities to develop allosteric ATP-competitive inhibitors with differentiated physicochemical properties from current series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne O’Connor
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (S.O.); (Y.-V.L.B.); (I.M.W.); (M.L.); (R.v.M.)
| | - Yann-Vaï Le Bihan
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (S.O.); (Y.-V.L.B.); (I.M.W.); (M.L.); (R.v.M.)
| | - Isaac M. Westwood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (S.O.); (Y.-V.L.B.); (I.M.W.); (M.L.); (R.v.M.)
| | - Manjuan Liu
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (S.O.); (Y.-V.L.B.); (I.M.W.); (M.L.); (R.v.M.)
| | - Oi Wei Mak
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK; (O.W.M.); (J.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gabriel Zazeri
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.Z.); (A.P.R.P.); (A.M.J.)
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), UNESP, Rua Cristovão Colombo 2265, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Ana P. R. Povinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.Z.); (A.P.R.P.); (A.M.J.)
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), UNESP, Rua Cristovão Colombo 2265, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Alan M. Jones
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (G.Z.); (A.P.R.P.); (A.M.J.)
| | - Rob van Montfort
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (S.O.); (Y.-V.L.B.); (I.M.W.); (M.L.); (R.v.M.)
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK; (O.W.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; (S.O.); (Y.-V.L.B.); (I.M.W.); (M.L.); (R.v.M.)
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16
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Gavory G, Fasching B, Bonenfant D, Sadok A, Singh A, Schillo M, Massafra V, d’Alessandro AC, Castle J, Ghandi M, Chicas A, Delobel F, Flohr A, Ottaviani G, Ryckmans T, Laine AL, Eidam O, Wang H, Bernett I, Chan L, Gorrini C, Roumiliotis T, Choudhary J, LeBihan YV, Cabry M, Stubbs M, Burke R, Van Montfort R, Caldwell J, Chopra R, Collins I, Buonamici S. Abstract LBA004: Identification of GSPT1-directed molecular glue degrader (MGD) for the treatment of Myc-driven breast cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-21-lba004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Myc family of transcription factors is a well-established driver of human cancers. However, despite being amongst the most frequently mutated, translocated and overexpressed oncogenes, no therapy directly targeting the Myc family members has been developed to date. Abnormal activation of Myc results in uncontrolled cell growth that is associated with high translational output and ramp up of the protein translational machinery. This creates a dependency to protein translation and in turn represents a potential therapeutic vulnerability for Myc-driven tumors. Based on these considerations, we hypothesized that targeting the translational termination factor GSPT1, a key player of protein synthesis, may constitute a vulnerability for Myc-driven tumors. Using our proprietary Quantitative and Engineered Elimination of Neosubstrates (QuEENTM) platform we characterized and explored the known G-loop degron in GSPT1 that renders it amenable to cereblon-induced degradation by molecular glue degraders (MGDs). We rationally designed and subsequently screened a proprietary library of cereblon-binding small molecules, including GSPT1-directed MGDs, in human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) expressing doxycycline-inducible c-Myc. Doxycycline treatment led to sustained c-Myc expression and as a consequence to the induction of key biomarkers of enhanced protein translation, such as phospho 4EBP1 (p4EBP1). We identified MRT-048 as a potent and highly selective GSPT1 degrader and demonstrated its ability to induce cell death in Myc-driven HMEC cells whilst sparing control cells (EC50 0.64 μM vs 30 μM respectively). This confirmed the selective vulnerability of Myc-driven cell growth to GSPT1 degradation. In follow-up studies, we confirmed the correlation between p4EBP1 as biomarker of Myc-activation and sensitivity to MRT-048 in a large panel of breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, MRT-048 treatment of animals xenografted with breast cancer cells induced tumor regression and was associated with complete GSPT1 degradation. Mechanistically, we observed that GSPT1 degradation induced by MRT-048 led to inhibition of genes regulated by Myc and ribosomal stalling at stop codons of several mRNAs. Additionally, polysome profiling of cancer cells treated with MRT-048 was associated with a global reduction of the intensities of the polysome peaks and concomitant increase in the monosome peaks as previously observed in GSPT1 knockdown experiments, suggesting that GSPT1 degradation by our MGD molecules affects both the termination and initiation stages of protein translation. We believe these data support the therapeutic potential of GSPT1-directed MGDs in Myc-driven tumors dependent on protein translation machinery.
Citation Format: Gerald Gavory, Bernhard Fasching, Debora Bonenfant, Amine Sadok, Ambika Singh, Martin Schillo, Vittoria Massafra, Anne-Cecile d’Alessandro, John Castle, Mahmoud Ghandi, Agustin Chicas, Frederic Delobel, Alexander Flohr, Giorgio Ottaviani, Thomas Ryckmans, Anne-Laure Laine, Oliv Eidam, Hannah Wang, Ilona Bernett, Laura Chan, Chiara Gorrini, Theo Roumiliotis, Jyoti Choudhary, Yann-Vai LeBihan, Marc Cabry, Mark Stubbs, Rosemary Burke, Rob Van Montfort, John Caldwell, Rajesh Chopra, Ian Collins, Silvia Buonamici. Identification of GSPT1-directed molecular glue degrader (MGD) for the treatment of Myc-driven breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr LBA004.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amine Sadok
- 1Monte Rosa Therapeutics AG, Basel, Switzerland,
| | - Ambika Singh
- 1Monte Rosa Therapeutics AG, Basel, Switzerland,
| | | | | | | | - John Castle
- 1Monte Rosa Therapeutics AG, Basel, Switzerland,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Oliv Eidam
- 3Ridgeline Discovery, Basel, Switzerland,
| | - Hannah Wang
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | - Ilona Bernett
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | - Laura Chan
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | - Chiara Gorrini
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | | | | | | | - Marc Cabry
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | - Mark Stubbs
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | - Rosemary Burke
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | | | - John Caldwell
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
| | | | - Ian Collins
- 4The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom,
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17
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Antolin AA, Clarke PA, Collins I, Workman P, Al-Lazikani B. Evolution of kinase polypharmacology across HSP90 drug discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1433-1445.e3. [PMID: 34077750 PMCID: PMC8550792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most small molecules interact with several target proteins but this polypharmacology is seldom comprehensively investigated or explicitly exploited during drug discovery. Here, we use computational and experimental methods to identify and systematically characterize the kinase cross-pharmacology of representative HSP90 inhibitors. We demonstrate that the resorcinol clinical candidates ganetespib and, to a lesser extent, luminespib, display unique off-target kinase pharmacology as compared with other HSP90 inhibitors. We also demonstrate that polypharmacology evolved during the optimization to discover luminespib and that the hit, leads, and clinical candidate all have different polypharmacological profiles. We therefore recommend the computational and experimental characterization of polypharmacology earlier in drug discovery projects to unlock new multi-target drug design opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Antolin
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Bissan Al-Lazikani
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
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18
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Thomas D, Dale V, Wills-wood W, Collins I, Springall A, Boss J. 563 Dural Tear Closure Training: A Study of a Low-Cost Model. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We developed a low cost, easily replicable model that can be used to learn dural tear techniques without posing a risk to patients, therefore, increase patient safety. The aim of this is to produce trainees that are more confident in dural tear closure, reducing the chance of post-operative CSF leak.
Method
Consultants, trainees and medical students completed a training exercise supervised by a consultant spinal surgeon. After they had completed the exercise satisfactorily, participants scored from ‘very much improved’ to ‘very much deterioration’ on a self-assessment 7-point likert scale. Qualitative questions were also asked to assess the accuracy of the model.
Results
60% stated that their skills were ‘a little improved’, and 20% were ‘very much improved’. The consultants were evenly split, with 50% stating that there was ‘no change’. However, 50% of consultants and all the trainees found skills ‘a little improved’. Overall, the model was agreed to be an accurate representation of a dural tear and that it would be useful in clinical training.
Conclusions
show that improving dural tear closure training can be achieved with our model. It is low cost, and manufacturable with equipment that clinical professionals have on hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Thomas
- Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - V Dale
- Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Collins
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Boss
- Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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19
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Matheson LM, Pitson G, Yap CH, Singh M, Collins I, Campbell P, Patrick A, Rogers MJ. Measuring the quality of cancer care in the Barwon South Western region, Victoria, Australia. Int J Qual Health Care 2021; 33:5983668. [PMID: 33196785 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The implementation of clinical quality indicators for monitoring cancer care in regional, rural and remote areas. DESIGN Retrospective data from a population-based Clinical Quality Registry for lung, colorectal and breast cancers. SETTING All major health services in the Barwon South Western region, Victoria, Australia. PARTICIPANTS All patients who were diagnosed with cancer and who presented to a health service. INTERVENTION(S) Clinical subgroups to review variations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES(S) Clinical quality indicators for lung, colorectal and breast cancers. RESULTS Clinical indicators included the following: discussion at multidisciplinary meetings, the timeliness of care provided and the type of care for different stages of the disease and survival outcomes. Many of the derived clinical indicator targets were reached. However, variations led to an improvement in the tumour stage being recorded in the medical record; an improved awareness of the need for adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer; a reduction in time to treatment for lung cancer and a reduced time to surgery for breast cancer, and the 30-day mortality post-treatment for all of the tumour streams was highlighted. CONCLUSIONS Clinical quality indicators allow for valuable insights into patterns of care. These indicators are easily reproduced and may be of use to other cancer centres and health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Matheson
- Barwon South Western Regional Integrated Cancer Services, 70 Swanston Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - G Pitson
- Andrew Love Cancer Centre, 70 Swanston Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - C H Yap
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Singh
- Andrew Love Cancer Centre, 70 Swanston Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - I Collins
- Dept of Oncology, South West Healthcare, Warrnambool, VIC 3280, Australia and.,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - P Campbell
- Andrew Love Cancer Centre, 70 Swanston Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - A Patrick
- Barwon South Western Regional Integrated Cancer Services, 70 Swanston Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - M J Rogers
- Barwon South Western Regional Integrated Cancer Services, 70 Swanston Street, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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20
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Conduit C, Boer RH, Lok S, Gibbs P, Malik L, Loh Z, Yeo B, Greenberg S, Devitt B, Lombard J, Nottage M, Collins I, Torres J, Nolan M, Nott L. Real‐world impact of anti‐HER2 therapy‐related cardiotoxicity in patients with advanced HER2‐positive breast cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 16:356-362. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Conduit
- Medical Oncology Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne Australia
- Medical Oncology Royal Hobart Hospital Hobart Australia
| | - R. H Boer
- Medical Oncology Western Health Melbourne Australia
| | - S. Lok
- Medical Oncology Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne Australia
| | - P. Gibbs
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research andMedical Oncology Melbourne Health Melbourne Australia
| | - L. Malik
- Medical Oncology Canberra Hospital Canberra Australia
| | - Z. Loh
- Medical Oncology Austin Health Melbourne Australia
| | - B. Yeo
- Medical Oncology Austin Health Melbourne Australia
- Medical Oncology Olivia Newton‐John Cancer Research Institute Melbourne Australia
| | - S. Greenberg
- Medical Oncology Western Health Melbourne Australia
| | - B. Devitt
- Medical Oncology Eastern Health Clinical School Melbourne Australia
| | - J. Lombard
- Medical Oncology Calvary Mater Newcastle Australia
| | - M. Nottage
- Medical Oncology Royal Brisbane Hospital Brisbane Australia
| | - I. Collins
- Deakin University Geelong Australia
- Medical Oncology South West Healthcare Warrnambool Australia
| | - J. Torres
- Medical Oncology Goulburn Valley Health Shepparton Australia
| | - M. Nolan
- Cardiology Western Health Melbourne Australia
| | - L. Nott
- Medical Oncology Royal Hobart Hospital Hobart Australia
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21
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Rogers RF, Walton MI, Cherry DL, Collins I, Clarke PA, Garrett MD, Workman P. CHK1 Inhibition Is Synthetically Lethal with Loss of B-Family DNA Polymerase Function in Human Lung and Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1735-1747. [PMID: 32161100 PMCID: PMC7611445 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is a key mediator of the DNA damage response that regulates cell-cycle progression, DNA damage repair, and DNA replication. Small-molecule CHK1 inhibitors sensitize cancer cells to genotoxic agents and have shown single-agent preclinical activity in cancers with high levels of replication stress. However, the underlying genetic determinants of CHK1 inhibitor sensitivity remain unclear. We used the developmental clinical drug SRA737 in an unbiased large-scale siRNA screen to identify novel mediators of CHK1 inhibitor sensitivity and uncover potential combination therapies and biomarkers for patient selection. We identified subunits of the B-family of DNA polymerases (POLA1, POLE, and POLE2) whose silencing sensitized the human A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SW620 colorectal cancer cell lines to SRA737. B-family polymerases were validated using multiple siRNAs in a panel of NSCLC and colorectal cancer cell lines. Replication stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis were increased in human cancer cells following depletion of the B-family DNA polymerases combined with SRA737 treatment. Moreover, pharmacologic blockade of B-family DNA polymerases using aphidicolin or CD437 combined with CHK1 inhibitors led to synergistic inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, low levels of POLA1, POLE, and POLE2 protein expression in NSCLC and colorectal cancer cells correlated with single-agent CHK1 inhibitor sensitivity and may constitute biomarkers of this phenotype. These findings provide a potential basis for combining CHK1 and B-family polymerase inhibitors in cancer therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate how the therapeutic benefit of CHK1 inhibitors may potentially be enhanced and could have implications for patient selection and future development of new combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F Rogers
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael I Walton
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel L Cherry
- School of Biosciences, Stacey Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle D Garrett
- School of Biosciences, Stacey Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom.
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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22
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Pal A, Asad Y, Ruddle R, Henley AT, Swales K, Decordova S, Eccles SA, Collins I, Garrett MD, De Bono J, Banerji U, Raynaud FI. Metabolomic changes of the multi (-AGC-) kinase inhibitor AT13148 in cells, mice and patients are associated with NOS regulation. Metabolomics 2020; 16:50. [PMID: 32285223 PMCID: PMC7154022 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To generate biomarkers of target engagement or predictive response for multi-target drugs is challenging. One such compound is the multi-AGC kinase inhibitor AT13148. Metabolic signatures of selective signal transduction inhibitors identified in preclinical models have previously been confirmed in early clinical studies. This study explores whether metabolic signatures could be used as biomarkers for the multi-AGC kinase inhibitor AT13148. OBJECTIVES To identify metabolomic changes of biomarkers of multi-AGC kinase inhibitor AT13148 in cells, xenograft / mouse models and in patients in a Phase I clinical study. METHODS HILIC LC-MS/MS methods and Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 kit were used for targeted metabolomics; followed by multivariate data analysis in SIMCA and statistical analysis in Graphpad. Metaboanalyst and String were used for network analysis. RESULTS BT474 and PC3 cells treated with AT13148 affected metabolites which are in a gene protein metabolite network associated with Nitric oxide synthases (NOS). In mice bearing the human tumour xenografts BT474 and PC3, AT13148 treatment did not produce a common robust tumour specific metabolite change. However, AT13148 treatment of non-tumour bearing mice revealed 45 metabolites that were different from non-treated mice. These changes were also observed in patients at doses where biomarker modulation was observed. Further network analysis of these metabolites indicated enrichment for genes associated with the NOS pathway. The impact of AT13148 on the metabolite changes and the involvement of NOS-AT13148- Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) interaction were consistent with hypotension observed in patients in higher dose cohorts (160-300 mg). CONCLUSION AT13148 affects metabolites associated with NOS in cells, mice and patients which is consistent with the clinical dose-limiting hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akos Pal
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Yasmin Asad
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ruth Ruddle
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Alan T Henley
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Karen Swales
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Shaun Decordova
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Suzanne A Eccles
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | | | - Johann De Bono
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Udai Banerji
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Drug Development Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Florence I Raynaud
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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23
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Kanjanapan Y, Tran D, Lok SW, Gibbs P, De Boer R, Yeo B, Greenberg S, Barnett F, Knott L, Richardson G, Wong R, Nottage M, Collins I, Torres J, Lombard J, Johns J, Harold M, Malik L. Abstract P1-18-13: Impact of prior (neo)adjuvant trastuzumab exposure on the efficacy of HER2 targeted therapy for metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p1-18-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: HER2 targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, pertuzumab and trastuzumab-emtansine (TDM-1), have improved survival of patients (pts) with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC). In the pivotal phase III study of pertuzumab/trastuzumab/docetaxel in MBC (NCT00567190), only 10% of pts received prior trastuzumab, whereas in modern practice the majority of recurrent HER2+ MBC pts have received neo(adjuvant) trastuzumab [NAT]. Survival outcomes in the real world setting have not been well described.
Methods: Pts were part of a prospective national registry collecting clinicopathologic, treatment and outcome data for HER2+ MBC pts diagnosed between 10/2006 and 1/2019. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared among groups by log-rank test. A multivariable analysis was used to assess the impact of prior trastuzumab-use on survival. Analysis was stratified by estrogen receptor (ER) status to exclude the impact of concurrent endocrine therapy in the ER positive (ER+) subgroup. The TABITHA registry is sponsored by BioGrid Australia with financial support from Roche Products Pty Limited.
Results: Of 254 HER2+ MBC pts in the registry, 225 received HER2 directed therapy in the first-line advanced disease setting and were included for analysis. Median age was 58 years, 100 (44%) had de novo metastatic disease, 131 (58%) had ER+ disease and 24 (11%) had brain metastases. Of the 125 (56%) pts with recurrent disease, 89 (71%) pts received NAT. First-line HER2 therapy was pertuzumab plus trastuzumab in 176 (78%), trastuzumab in 38 (17%), TDM-1 in 9 (4%), and lapatinib or pertuzumab alone in single pts (<1%). Concurrent chemotherapy was given in 205 (91%) pts, all but one case was taxane-based.
The response rate to anti-HER2 therapy among all MBC pts evaluable for response was 42% in pts who received NAT, and 53% in pts who did not (p=0.20). Median progression free survival (PFS) was 16.4 months and 22.6 months, in pts who were trastuzumab-treated and trastuzumab-naïve, respectively (HR 1.44 [95%CI 0.99 - 2.10], p=0.05). The median overall survival (OS) from first-line HER2-directed therapy for MBC was 41.2 months in pts who had prior NAT, and 52.0 months in trastuzumab-naïve pts (HR 1.73 [95%CI 1.04 - 2.86], p=0.03). On multivariable analysis, prior trastuzumab-exposure was no longer significantly associated with survival. Factors significantly associated with PFS were ER status (HR 0.63, p=0.02) and age (HR 1.02, p=0.04), while only age was significantly associated with OS (see table). Among the subset of 93 ER negative (ER-) pts, prior NAT was significantly associated with inferior PFS (HR 1.97 [95%CI 1.11 - 3.52], p=0.02) and OS (HR 2.13 [95% CI 1.00 - 4.57], p=0.046). Multivariable analysis found only age and presence of brain metastases to be significantly associated with OS in the ER- subgroup. NAT exposure did not impact on PFS (HR 1.15, [95% CI 0.70 - 1.90], p=0.58) or OS (HR 1.37, [95% CI 0.68 - 2.73], p=0.37) in ER+ pts.
Conclusions: In pts with HER2+ MBC, receipt of NAT was associated with inferior survival when HER2 targeted therapy was used in the metastatic setting on univariate analysis, but this finding was not seen in a multivariable analysis. Furthermore, the impact of NAT was only observed in the subset of pts with ER- tumors, raising the possibility that the disease-course in ER+ subgroup is not entirely HER2 driven. Survival rates of these HER2+ MBC pts treated in the community are comparable to that reported in clinical trials.
Cox proportional hazard models for OS in MBC on HER2-targeted therapyUnivariableMultivariableHR95% CIPHR95% CIPAdjuvant trastuzumab Y vs N1.731.04 – 2.850.031.370.64 – 2.940.42De novo metastatic disease Y vs N0.610.37 – 1.020.060.810.38 – 1.730.59Estrogen receptor positive vs negative0.880.53 – 1.440.600.690.41 – 1.180.18Brain metastases Y vs N1.800.88 – 3.670.111.960.90 – 4.260.09Age (years)1.021.00 – 1.040.051.031.01 – 1.060.003
Citation Format: Yada Kanjanapan, Dan Tran, Sheau Wen Lok, Peter Gibbs, Richard De Boer, Belinda Yeo, Sally Greenberg, Frances Barnett, Louise Knott, Gary Richardson, Rachel Wong, Michelle Nottage, Ian Collins, Javier Torres, Janine Lombard, Julie Johns, Michael Harold, Laeeq Malik. Impact of prior (neo)adjuvant trastuzumab exposure on the efficacy of HER2 targeted therapy for metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-18-13.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Tran
- 1The Canberra Hospital, Garran, Australia
| | - Sheau Wen Lok
- 2Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Gibbs
- 2Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Belinda Yeo
- 4Olivia New John Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Rachel Wong
- 9Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ian Collins
- 11South Western Oncology, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Julie Johns
- 2Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Pollock K, Liu M, Zaleska M, Meniconi M, Pfuhl M, Collins I, Guettler S. Fragment-based screening identifies molecules targeting the substrate-binding ankyrin repeat domains of tankyrase. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19130. [PMID: 31836723 PMCID: PMC6911004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The PARP enzyme and scaffolding protein tankyrase (TNKS, TNKS2) uses its ankyrin repeat clusters (ARCs) to bind a wide range of proteins and thereby controls diverse cellular functions. A number of these are implicated in cancer-relevant processes, including Wnt/β-catenin signalling, Hippo signalling and telomere maintenance. The ARCs recognise a conserved tankyrase-binding peptide motif (TBM). All currently available tankyrase inhibitors target the catalytic domain and inhibit tankyrase's poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation function. However, there is emerging evidence that catalysis-independent "scaffolding" mechanisms contribute to tankyrase function. Here we report a fragment-based screening programme against tankyrase ARC domains, using a combination of biophysical assays, including differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We identify fragment molecules that will serve as starting points for the development of tankyrase substrate binding antagonists. Such compounds will enable probing the scaffolding functions of tankyrase, and may, in the future, provide potential alternative therapeutic approaches to inhibiting tankyrase activity in cancer and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Pollock
- Divisions of Structural Biology & Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Drug Discovery Programme, Glasgow, G61 1BD, United Kingdom
| | - Manjuan Liu
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Mariola Zaleska
- Divisions of Structural Biology & Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Mirco Meniconi
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Pfuhl
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences and Randall Centre, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom.
| | - Sebastian Guettler
- Divisions of Structural Biology & Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, United Kingdom.
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Niina A, Davies A, Farooq N, Rowley K, Elias K, Collins I. OS2.4 Using FineSA MRI for early detection of Spinal Metastases. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Early detection of spinal metastases is important to facilitate early management and delay vertebral fracture or metastatic cord compression. The gold standard investigation to detect spinal metastasis is MRI, but it cannot quantify the metastasis and prognosis is poor due to its late presentation. Fine Structural Analysis (FineSA) is a custom software added to MRI using a non-radiating proprietary data acquisition technique. It analyses data at a resolution 10 times higher than MRI to quantify the trabecular microstructure which has the potential to enable early detection and management of vertebral fracture or metastatic cord compression.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
18 patients with known, symptomatic spinal metastases from Swansea Bay University Health Board and 11 age and sex-matched control subjects were recruited to have a FineSA MRI Spine. FineSA analysed and produced a structural spectrum of a defined area from the metastatic lesion. Statistical comparisons were made with the control data by extracting several metrics from the spectra, which were represented as an index score relative to a normal range.
RESULTS
Preliminary results using One Way ANOVA show a highly significant difference in trabecular microstructure between patients with spinal metastases and the age and sex-matched control patients, where p= 3.99e-11.
CONCLUSION
Preliminary results show that there is a highly significant difference between metastatic and control bone structure. Follow-up of the patients after one year will look at if fracture has occurred and whether there is a difference in the FineSA index score between the two groups. FineSA has the potential to be used to identify which metastatic lesions are most likely to be symptomatic and fracture, so that targeted radiotherapy can be done before symptoms are either present or intrusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Niina
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - A Davies
- Osteotronix Ltd, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - N Farooq
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - K Rowley
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - K Elias
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - I Collins
- Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Demonstrating target engagement in living systems can help drive successful drug discovery. Target engagement and occupancy studies in cells confirm direct binding of a ligand to its intended target protein and provide the binding affinity. Combined with biomarkers to measure the functional consequences of target engagement, these experiments can increase confidence in the relationship between in vitro pharmacology and observed biological effects. In this review, we focus on chemically and radioactively labelled probes as key reagents for performing such experiments. Using recent examples, we examine how the labelled probes have been employed in combination with unlabelled ligands to quantify target engagement in cells and in animals. Finally, we consider future developments of this emerging methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Prevet
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
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Zaleska M, Pollock K, Collins I, Guettler S, Pfuhl M. Solution NMR assignment of the ARC4 domain of human tankyrase 2. Biomol NMR Assign 2019; 13:255-260. [PMID: 30847846 PMCID: PMC6439159 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-019-09887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tankyrases are poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs) which recognize their substrates via their ankyrin repeat cluster (ARC) domains. The human tankyrases (TNKS/TNKS2) contain five ARCs in their extensive N-terminal region; of these, four bind peptides present within tankyrase interactors and substrates. These short, linear segments, known as tankyrase-binding motifs (TBMs), contain some highly conserved features: an arginine at position 1, which occupies a predominantly acidic binding site, and a glycine at position 6 that is sandwiched between two aromatic side chains on the surface of the ARC domain. Tankyrases are involved in a multitude of biological functions, amongst them Wnt/β-catenin signaling, the maintenance of telomeres, glucose metabolism, spindle formation, the DNA damage response and Hippo signaling. As many of these are relevant to human disease, tankyrase is an important target candidate for drug development. With the emergence of non-catalytic (scaffolding) functions of tankyrase, it seems attractive to interfere with ARC function rather than the enzymatic activity of tankyrase. To study the mechanism of ARC-dependent recruitment of tankyrase binders and enable protein-observed NMR screening methods, we have as the first step obtained a full backbone and partial side chain assignment of TNKS2 ARC4. The assignment highlights some of the unusual structural features of the ARC domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Zaleska
- Divisions of Structural Biology & Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Katie Pollock
- Divisions of Structural Biology & Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Sebastian Guettler
- Divisions of Structural Biology & Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR), London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Mark Pfuhl
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences and Randall Centre, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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Chopra R, Sadok A, Collins I. A critical evaluation of the approaches to targeted protein degradation for drug discovery. Drug Discov Today Technol 2019; 31:5-13. [PMID: 31200859 PMCID: PMC6559946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is a great deal of excitement around the concept of targeting proteins for degradation as an alternative to conventional inhibitory small molecules and antibodies. Protein degradation can be undertaken by bifunctional molecules that bind the target for ubiquitin mediated degradation by complexing them with Cereblon (CRBN), von Hippel-Lindau or other E-3 ligases. Alternatively, E-3 ligase receptors such as CRBN or DCAF15 can also be used as a 'template' to bind IMiD or sulphonamide like compounds to degrade multiple context specific proteins by the selected E-3 ligases. The 'template approach' results in the degradation of neo-substrates, some of which would be difficult to drug using conventional approaches. The chemical properties necessary for drug discovery, the rules by which neo-substrates are selected by E-3 ligase receptors and defining the optimal components of the ubiquitin proteasome for protein degradation are still to be fully elucidate. Theis review will aim to critically evaluate the different approaches and principles emerging for targted protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chopra
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom.
| | - Amine Sadok
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
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29
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Colombano G, Caldwell JJ, Matthews TP, Bhatia C, Joshi A, McHardy T, Mok NY, Newbatt Y, Pickard L, Strover J, Hedayat S, Walton MI, Myers SM, Jones AM, Saville H, McAndrew C, Burke R, Eccles SA, Davies FE, Bayliss R, Collins I. Binding to an Unusual Inactive Kinase Conformation by Highly Selective Inhibitors of Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1α Kinase-Endoribonuclease. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2447-2465. [PMID: 30779566 PMCID: PMC6437697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of imidazo[1,2- b]pyridazin-8-amine kinase inhibitors were discovered to allosterically inhibit the endoribonuclease function of the dual kinase-endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), a key component of the unfolded protein response in mammalian cells and a potential drug target in multiple human diseases. Inhibitor optimization gave compounds with high kinome selectivity that prevented endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced IRE1α oligomerization and phosphorylation, and inhibited endoribonuclease activity in human cells. X-ray crystallography showed the inhibitors to bind to a previously unreported and unusually disordered conformation of the IRE1α kinase domain that would be incompatible with back-to-back dimerization of the IRE1α protein and activation of the endoribonuclease function. These findings increase the repertoire of known IRE1α protein conformations and can guide the discovery of highly selective ligands for the IRE1α kinase site that allosterically inhibit the endoribonuclease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Colombano
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - John J. Caldwell
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Thomas P. Matthews
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Chitra Bhatia
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Amar Joshi
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Tatiana McHardy
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Ngai Yi Mok
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Yvette Newbatt
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Lisa Pickard
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Jade Strover
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Somaieh Hedayat
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Michael I. Walton
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Stephanie M. Myers
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Harry Saville
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Craig McAndrew
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Suzanne A. Eccles
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Faith E. Davies
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
| | - Richard Bayliss
- Department
of Molecular and Cell Biology, University
of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
- School
of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer
Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, U.K.
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Murphy C, Muscat A, Ashley D, Mukaro V, West L, Liao Y, Chisanga D, Shi W, Collins I, Baron-Hay S, Patil S, Lindeman G, Khasraw M. Tailored NEOadjuvant epirubicin, cyclophosphamide and Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound paclitaxel for breast cancer: The phase II NEONAB trial-Clinical outcomes and molecular determinants of response. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210891. [PMID: 30763338 PMCID: PMC6375556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the feasibility of achieving high response rates in stage II or III breast cancer by tailoring neoadjuvant therapy using clinical and histopathological features and the Oncotype DX Breast Recurrence Score. Genomic determinants of response and resistance were also explored. PATIENTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES Fifty-one patients were enrolled. The primary cohort comprised 40 patients: 15 human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-amplified; 15 triple-negative (TNBC); and ten hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-non-amplified tumours; with recurrence scores ≥25. Patients were treated with epirubicin and cyclophosphamide, followed by nab-paclitaxel, with the addition of trastuzumab if HER2-amplified. The primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR) in the breast. Pre- and post-treatment tumour samples underwent variant burden, gene and gene pathway, mutational signature profile and clonal evolution analyses. RESULTS The pCR rates were: overall 55% (n = 22), HER2-amplified 80% (n = 12), triple-negative 46% (n = 7) and HR-positive, HER2-non-amplified 30% (n = 3). Grade 3 or 4 adverse events included febrile neutropenia (8%), neutropenia (18%), sensory neuropathy (5%), deranged transaminases (5%), fatigue (2%), diarrhoea (2%), and pneumothorax (2%). Molecular analyses demonstrated strong similarities between residual disease and matched primary tumour. ATM signalling pathway alterations and the presence of a COSMIC Signature 3 implied the majority of tumours contained some form of homologous repair deficiency. ATM pathway alterations were identified in the subset of TNBC patients who did not achieve pCR; Signature 3 was present in both pCR and non-pCR subgroups. Clonal evolution analyses demonstrated both persistence and emergence of chemoresistant clones. CONCLUSIONS This treatment regime resulted in a high rate of pCR, demonstrating that tailored neoadjuvant therapy using a genomic recurrence score is feasible and warrants further investigation. Molecular analysis revealed few commonalities between patients. For TNBC future clinical gains will require precision medicine, potentially using DNA sequencing to identify specific targets for individuals with resistant disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01830244.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Murphy
- University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Muscat
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Ashley
- University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Violet Mukaro
- University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Linda West
- University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- Lake Imaging, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yang Liao
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Chisanga
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Shi
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Collins
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- South West Health Care, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sally Baron-Hay
- Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sujata Patil
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mustafa Khasraw
- University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Woodcock F, Doble B, Fox SB, Collins I, Hayes T, Singh M, Richardson G, Lipton L, Moon SY, Lucas M, Fellowes A, Xu H, Thorne H, McNeil JJ, Lorgelly P, Thomas DM, James PA, John T, Risbridger G, Wright G, Snyder R. Mapping the EORTC-QLQ-C30 to the EQ-5D-3L: An Assessment of Existing and Newly Developed Algorithms. Med Decis Making 2018; 38:954-967. [DOI: 10.1177/0272989x18797588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To assess the external validity of mapping algorithms for predicting EQ-5D-3L utility values from EORTC QLQ-C30 responses not previously validated and to assess whether statistical models not previously applied are better suited for mapping the EORTC QLQ-C30 to the EQ-5D-3L. Methods. In total, 3866 observations for 1719 patients from a longitudinal study (Cancer 2015) were used to validate existing algorithms. Predictive accuracy was compared to previously validated algorithms using root mean squared error, mean absolute error across the EQ-5D-3L range, and for 10 tumor-type specific samples as well as using differences between estimated quality-adjusted life years. Thirteen new algorithms were estimated using a subset of the Cancer 2015 data (3203 observations for 1419 patients) applying various linear, response mapping, beta, and mixture models. Validation was performed using 2 data sets composed of patients with varying disease severity not used in the estimation and all available algorithms ranked on their performance. Results. None of the 5 existing algorithms offer an improvement in predictive accuracy over preferred algorithms from previous validation studies. Of the newly estimated algorithms, a 2-part beta model performed the best across the validation criteria and in data sets composed of patients with different levels of disease severity. Validation results did, however, vary widely between the 2 data sets, and the most accurate algorithm appears to depend on health state severity as the distribution of observed EQ-5D-3L values varies. Linear models performed better for patients in relatively good health, whereas beta, mixture, and response mapping models performed better for patients in worse health. Conclusion. The most appropriate mapping algorithm to apply in practice may depend on the disease severity of the patient sample whose utility values are being predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionn Woodcock
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Economics, City University, London, UK (FW)
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (BD)
| | - Brett Doble
- School of Arts and Social Sciences, Department of Economics, City University, London, UK (FW)
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (BD)
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Sharp SY, Chessum NE, Caldwell JJ, Powers MV, Pasqua AE, Wilding B, Collins I, Ozer B, Rowlands M, Stubbs M, Burke R, Montfort RLV, Cheeseman MD, Clarke PA, Workman P, Jones K. Abstract 2976: Confirmation of in-cell target engagement using the proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) against pirin. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We recently reported the identification of the original bisamide lead compound CCT251236 as an inhibitor of the HSF1 stress pathway with a high affinity for the putative transcription factor co-regulator, pirin (SPR KD=44nM) (Cheeseman et al., J Med Chem, 60; 180-201, 2017). Pirin is a highly conserved non-heme iron-binding regulatory protein that is a member of the functionally diverse cupin superfamily, but has no known enzymatic function or biomarkers of activity. To understand further this poorly characterized protein and to confirm that CCT251236 binds to pirin within living cells, we conceived and optimized a heterobifunctional protein degradation probe using the proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs; CCT367766) comprising a pirin-binding moiety linked to the cereblon-targeting ligand thalidomide. This PROTAC molecule was designed to recruit pirin to the E3 ubiquitin ligase cereblon resulting in the ubiquitylation and degradation of pirin. Negative control probes lacking binding to pirin (CCT367857) or cereblon (CCT367936) were also designed and synthesized. We demonstrated a concentration-dependent depletion of pirin protein from as low as 0.5nM and as early as 2 hr treatment of SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells with the PROTAC. The negative controls CCT367857 and CCT367936 exhibited no pirin depletion at equimolar concentrations. At higher concentrations of the active probe, a hook effect is observed, consistent with the formation of a ternary complex. Degradation of pirin by the PROTAC was confirmed to be proteasome-dependent by rescue of depletion following pre-incubation with the proteasome inhibitor MG132. In addition, the PROTAC could not induce pirin degradation in CRISPR/cas9 cereblon knockout SKOV3 cells, confirming dependence on cereblon. Pre-treatment with the bisamide compound CCT251236 or free thalidomide abrogated the PROTAC-induced pirin degradation, consistent with pirin and cereblon engagement. Finally, to estimate the cellular selectivity of the PROTAC to pirin in an unbiased manner, we carried out whole proteome mass spectrometry in SKOV3 cells. From 8547 quantifiable proteins identified, only pirin (2.3-fold reduction) displayed a statistically significant (Padj<0.05) difference in protein expression, indicating impressive selectivity. In summary, we have designed a PROTAC as an intracellular probe against a poorly understood molecular target, pirin. This approach has allowed us to confirm in-cell target engagement of our bisamide lead CCT251236 with pirin and validates CCT367766 as a PROTAC tool to further study this largely unexplored protein. Our results also provide a systematic approach for the use of the powerful PROTAC technology to investigate potential and poorly understood cancer drug targets.
Citation Format: Swee Y. Sharp, Nicola E. Chessum, John J. Caldwell, Marissa V. Powers, A Elisa Pasqua, Birgit Wilding, Ian Collins, Bugra Ozer, Martin Rowlands, Mark Stubbs, Rosemary Burke, Rob L. van Montfort, Matthew D. Cheeseman, Paul A. Clarke, Paul Workman, Keith Jones. Confirmation of in-cell target engagement using the proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) against pirin [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2976.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee Y. Sharp
- 1Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ian Collins
- 1Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bugra Ozer
- 1Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark Stubbs
- 1Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Workman
- 1Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Jones
- 1Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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Antolin AA, Tym JE, Komianou A, Collins I, Workman P, Al-Lazikani B. Objective, Quantitative, Data-Driven Assessment of Chemical Probes. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:194-205.e5. [PMID: 29249694 PMCID: PMC5814752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical probes are essential tools for understanding biological systems and for target validation, yet selecting probes for biomedical research is rarely based on objective assessment of all potential compounds. Here, we describe the Probe Miner: Chemical Probes Objective Assessment resource, capitalizing on the plethora of public medicinal chemistry data to empower quantitative, objective, data-driven evaluation of chemical probes. We assess >1.8 million compounds for their suitability as chemical tools against 2,220 human targets and dissect the biases and limitations encountered. Probe Miner represents a valuable resource to aid the identification of potential chemical probes, particularly when used alongside expert curation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Antolin
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK; Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Joseph E Tym
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Angeliki Komianou
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Bissan Al-Lazikani
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK; Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London SM2 5NG, UK.
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Chessum NEA, Sharp SY, Caldwell JJ, Pasqua AE, Wilding B, Colombano G, Collins I, Ozer B, Richards M, Rowlands M, Stubbs M, Burke R, McAndrew PC, Clarke PA, Workman P, Cheeseman MD, Jones K. Demonstrating In-Cell Target Engagement Using a Pirin Protein Degradation Probe (CCT367766). J Med Chem 2018; 61:918-933. [PMID: 29240418 PMCID: PMC5815658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Demonstrating intracellular protein target engagement is an essential step in the development and progression of new chemical probes and potential small molecule therapeutics. However, this can be particularly challenging for poorly studied and noncatalytic proteins, as robust proximal biomarkers are rarely known. To confirm that our recently discovered chemical probe 1 (CCT251236) binds the putative transcription factor regulator pirin in living cells, we developed a heterobifunctional protein degradation probe. Focusing on linker design and physicochemical properties, we generated a highly active probe 16 (CCT367766) in only three iterations, validating our efficient strategy for degradation probe design against nonvalidated protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola E. A. Chessum
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Swee Y. Sharp
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - John J. Caldwell
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - A. Elisa Pasqua
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Birgit Wilding
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Giampiero Colombano
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Bugra Ozer
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Meirion Richards
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Rowlands
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Stubbs
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - P. Craig McAndrew
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A. Clarke
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Cheeseman
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Jones
- Cancer Research
UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit at The Institute
of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
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Antolin AA, Tym JE, Komianou A, Collins I, Workman P, Al-Lazikani B. Abstract A024: Probe Miner: objective, quantitative, data-driven assessment of chemical probes for target validation. Mol Cancer Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-17-a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chemical probes are important, widely used reagents for understanding biologic systems and for target validation. However, selection of chemical probes is largely subjective and prone to historical and commercial biases. Despite many publications discussing the aspirational properties of chemical probes and the proposal of "fitness factors" to be considered when assessing chemical tools, scientists often select probes through web-based searchers or previous literature that are heavily biased towards older and often flawed probes or use vendor catalogues that do not discriminate between probes. Here, we analyze the scope and quality of published bioactive molecules and uncover large biases and limitations of chemical tools in public databases that need to be urgently addressed and should be always considered when using chemical tools. We also provide the online Probe Miner resource (http://probeminer.icr.ac.uk) capitalizing on the plethora of public pharmacologic data to enable quantitative, unbiased, objective, Big Data-driven assessment of chemical probes and complement expert-curated approaches. We assess >1.8m compounds for their suitability as chemical tools against 2,220 human targets, demonstrating that large-scale public data can contribute to improving chemical probe assessment and prioritization to empower researchers in the selection of chemical tools for biomedical research and target validation.
Citation Format: Albert A. Antolin, Joe E. Tym, Angeliki Komianou, Ian Collins, Paul Workman, Bissan Al-Lazikani. Probe Miner: objective, quantitative, data-driven assessment of chemical probes for target validation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2017 Oct 26-30; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2018;17(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A024.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joe E. Tym
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ian Collins
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Workman
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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Rogers R, Walton MI, Clarke P, Collins I, Garrett MD, Workman P. Abstract 293: Screening the druggable genome for synthetic lethal interactions with the CHK1 inhibitor PNT737. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Check point kinase 1 (CHK1) is a key regulator of the cell cycle, DNA damage repair and DNA replication. CHK1 inhibition sensitises cancer cells to genotoxic agents and recent studies have indicated that CHK1 inhibitors could be used as single agents to treat cancers with high levels of replication stress. We have recently described the discovery of a highly selective and orally bioavailable CHK1 inhibitor, PNT737, that not only has potent antitumour activity in combination with standard-of-care genotoxic agents but also as a single agent in defined tumour types. Here we sought to identify gene products whose loss would be synthetically lethal with CHK1 inhibition, with the aim of identifying patient populations likely to be sensitive to single agent CHK1 inhibition or to novel combinations utilising CHK1 inhibitors. To do this, we performed a large siRNA screen of the druggable genome (~6500 genes) in A549 (NSCLC) and SW620 (colon cancer) cell lines, with and without PNT737 treatment, and determined effects on cell viability by SRB. POLA1, POLE and POLE2 (B-family DNA polymerases) were identified as significant hits causing synthetic lethality with PNT737 in both cancer cell lines. Treatment with additional siRNA sequences subsequently validated these genes in both the original two cell lines and extra NSCLC and colon cancer cell lines. Interestingly, a number of biomarkers for replication stress, pRPA2 and pCHK1, were increased in cells treated with POLA1, POLE and POLE2 siRNA in combination with PNT737, in comparison to cells treated with the siRNA or drug alone. Further studies conducted with PNT737 and the B-family DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin showed that these agents had a synergistic effect on inhibiting cell viability on 8 out of 9 NSCLC and colon cancer cell lines tested. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that there was an increase in the level of γH2AX, a marker of DNA damage, in 4 out of 5 cell lines that exhibited synergy when treated with a combination of aphidicolin and PNT737, as compared to cells treated with either agent alone. Our data indicate that the combination of a reduction in POLA1, POLE or POLE2 activity (by siRNA transfection or aphidicolin treatment) and CHK1 activity (PNT737 treatment) increases replication stress and DNA damage in NSCLC and colon cancer cells. Encouragingly, our data support the case for the use of the clinically relevant combination of PNT737 and gemcitabine, as gemcitabine is metabolised it is incorporated into DNA, inhibiting the B-family DNA polymerases. Furthermore, it will now be important to establish if subsets of colon and endometrial cancers with mutations in their POLE proofreading domain are sensitive to CHK1 inhibitors.
Citation Format: Rebecca Rogers, Mike I. Walton, Paul Clarke, Ian Collins, Michelle D. Garrett, Paul Workman. Screening the druggable genome for synthetic lethal interactions with the CHK1 inhibitor PNT737 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 293. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-293
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rogers
- 1The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mike I. Walton
- 1The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Clarke
- 1The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- 1The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul Workman
- 1The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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Collins I, Wang H, Caldwell JJ, Chopra R. Chemical approaches to targeted protein degradation through modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Biochem J 2017; 474:1127-1147. [PMID: 28298557 PMCID: PMC5350610 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Manipulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to achieve targeted degradation of proteins within cells using chemical tools and drugs has the potential to transform pharmacological and therapeutic approaches in cancer and other diseases. An increased understanding of the molecular mechanism of thalidomide and its analogues following their clinical use has unlocked small-molecule modulation of the substrate specificity of the E3 ligase cereblon (CRBN), which in turn has resulted in the advancement of new immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) into the clinic. The degradation of multiple context-specific proteins by these pleiotropic small molecules provides a means to uncover new cell biology and to generate future drug molecules against currently undruggable targets. In parallel, the development of larger bifunctional molecules that bring together highly specific protein targets in complexes with CRBN, von Hippel-Lindau, or other E3 ligases to promote ubiquitin-dependent degradation has progressed to generate selective chemical compounds with potent effects in cells and in vivo models, providing valuable tools for biological target validation and with future potential for therapeutic use. In this review, we survey recent breakthroughs achieved in these two complementary methods and the discovery of new modes of direct and indirect engagement of target proteins with the proteasome. We discuss the experimental characterisation that validates the use of molecules that promote protein degradation as chemical tools, the preclinical and clinical examples disclosed to date, and the future prospects for this exciting area of chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K
| | - Hannah Wang
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K
| | - John J Caldwell
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K
| | - Raj Chopra
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
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Rankin SS, Caldwell JJ, Cronin NB, van Montfort RLM, Collins I. Synthesis of a Ribose-Incorporating Medium Ring Scaffold via a Challenging Ring-Closing Metathesis Reaction. European J Org Chem 2017; 2016:4496-4507. [PMID: 28042283 PMCID: PMC5157775 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A practical synthesis of a novel oxabicyclo[6.2.1]undecenetriol useful as a medicinal chemistry scaffold has been developed starting from l‐ribose. The sequence involves an oxidation/Grignard addition sequence and a challenging ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) reaction as the ring forming step. Exploration of the RCM substrate protecting groups revealed the key factor for successful nine‐membered medium ring formation to be conformational bias of the reacting alkenes of the RCM substrate by very bulky silyl ether protecting groups. The synthesis also allowed access to an epimeric triol and saturated and unsaturated variants of the nine‐membered ring. The medium ring conformation of the oxabicyclo[6.2.1]undecenetriol was determined by X‐ray crystallography and correlated to the solution state conformation by NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart S Rankin
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit The Institute of Cancer Research SM2 5NG London United Kingdom
| | - John J Caldwell
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit The Institute of Cancer Research SM2 5NG London United Kingdom
| | - Nora B Cronin
- Division of Structural Biology The Institute of Cancer Research SW7 3RP London United Kingdom
| | - Rob L M van Montfort
- Division of Structural Biology The Institute of Cancer Research SW7 3RP London United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit The Institute of Cancer Research SM2 5NG London United Kingdom
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Abstract
The poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) enzyme tankyrase (TNKS/ARTD5, TNKS2/ARTD6) uses its ankyrin repeat clusters (ARCs) to recognize degenerate peptide motifs in a wide range of proteins, thereby recruiting such proteins and their complexes for scaffolding and/or poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Here, we provide guidance for predicting putative tankyrase-binding motifs, based on the previously delineated peptide sequence rules and existing structural information. We present a general method for the expression and purification of tankyrase ARCs from Escherichia coli and outline a fluorescence polarization assay to quantitatively assess direct ARC-TBM peptide interactions. We provide a basic protocol for evaluating binding and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of full-length candidate interacting proteins by full-length tankyrase in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Pollock
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Michael Ranes
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Sebastian Guettler
- Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK.
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Jones AM, Westwood IM, Osborne JD, Matthews TP, Cheeseman MD, Rowlands MG, Jeganathan F, Burke R, Lee D, Kadi N, Liu M, Richards M, McAndrew C, Yahya N, Dobson SE, Jones K, Workman P, Collins I, van Montfort RLM. A fragment-based approach applied to a highly flexible target: Insights and challenges towards the inhibition of HSP70 isoforms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34701. [PMID: 27708405 PMCID: PMC5052559 DOI: 10.1038/srep34701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock protein 70s (HSP70s) are molecular chaperones implicated in many cancers and of significant interest as targets for novel cancer therapies. Several HSP70 inhibitors have been reported, but because the majority have poor physicochemical properties and for many the exact mode of action is poorly understood, more detailed mechanistic and structural insight into ligand-binding to HSP70s is urgently needed. Here we describe the first comprehensive fragment-based inhibitor exploration of an HSP70 enzyme, which yielded an amino-quinazoline fragment that was elaborated to a novel ATP binding site ligand with different physicochemical properties to known adenosine-based HSP70 inhibitors. Crystal structures of amino-quinazoline ligands bound to the different conformational states of the HSP70 nucleotide binding domain highlighted the challenges of a fragment-based approach when applied to this particular flexible enzyme class with an ATP-binding site that changes shape and size during its catalytic cycle. In these studies we showed that Ser275 is a key residue in the selective binding of ATP. Additionally, the structural data revealed a potential functional role for the ATP ribose moiety in priming the protein for the formation of the ATP-bound pre-hydrolysis complex by influencing the conformation of one of the phosphate binding loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac M Westwood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - James D Osborne
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas P Matthews
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D Cheeseman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Martin G Rowlands
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Jeganathan
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Diane Lee
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Nadia Kadi
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Manjuan Liu
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Meirion Richards
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Craig McAndrew
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Norhakim Yahya
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Dobson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
| | - Rob L M van Montfort
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, United Kingdom.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, United Kingdom
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Boß M, Newbatt Y, Gupta S, Collins I, Brüne B, Namgaladze D. AMPK-independent inhibition of human macrophage ER stress response by AICAR. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32111. [PMID: 27562249 PMCID: PMC4999824 DOI: 10.1038/srep32111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated insulin resistance is driven by inflammatory processes in response to metabolic overload. Obesity-associated inflammation can be recapitulated in cell culture by exposing macrophages to saturated fatty acids (SFA), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses essentially contribute to pro-inflammatory signalling. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central metabolic regulator with established anti-inflammatory actions. Whether pharmacological AMPK activation suppresses SFA-induced inflammation in a human system is unclear. In a setting of hypoxia-potentiated inflammation induced by SFA palmitate, we found that the AMP-mimetic AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) potently suppressed upregulation of ER stress marker mRNAs and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, AICAR inhibited macrophage ER stress responses triggered by ER-stressors thapsigargin or tunicamycin. Surprisingly, AICAR acted independent of AMPK or AICAR conversion to 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl monophosphate (ZMP) while requiring intracellular uptake via the equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT) ENT1 or the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) CNT3. AICAR did not affect the initiation of the ER stress response, but inhibited the expression of major ER stress transcriptional effectors. Furthermore, AICAR inhibited autophosphorylation of the ER stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), while activating its endoribonuclease activity in vitro. Our results suggest that AMPK-independent inhibition of ER stress responses contributes to anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects of AICAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Boß
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yvette Newbatt
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Sahil Gupta
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany.,Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Namgaladze
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
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Honma M, Stubbs M, Collins I, Workman P, Aherne W, Watt FM. Identification of Novel Keratinocyte Differentiation Modulating Compounds by High-Throughput Screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:977-84. [PMID: 17092913 DOI: 10.1177/1087057106292556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The authors have designed high-throughput screens to identify compounds that promote or inhibit terminal differentiation of primary human epidermal keratinocytes. Eleven known inhibitors of signaling pathways and approximately 4000 compounds of diverse structure were screened using an In-Cell Western system based on immunofluorescent staining of the terminal differentiation marker, involucrin. Staurosporine, a nonspecific protein kinase C inhibitor, and H89, a protein kinase A inhibitor, promoted expression of involucrin. Conversely, U0126, a MEK inhibitor, and SAHA or SBHA, 2 histone deacetylase inhibitors, reduced the expression of involucrin during calcium-induced stratification. In addition, the authors found 1 novel compound that induced keratinocyte differentiation and 2 novel compounds that were inhibitory to calcium-induced differentiation. The differentiation-inducing compound also inhibited growth of a human squamous cell carcinoma line by stimulating both differentiation and apoptosis. Because the compound affected the tumor cells at a lower concentration than primary keratinocytes, it may have potential as an antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Honma
- Keratinocyte Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London
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Osborne JD, Matthews TP, McHardy T, Proisy N, Cheung KMJ, Lainchbury M, Brown N, Walton MI, Eve PD, Boxall KJ, Hayes A, Henley AT, Valenti MR, De Haven Brandon AK, Box G, Jamin Y, Robinson SP, Westwood IM, van Montfort RLM, Leonard PM, Lamers MBAC, Reader JC, Aherne GW, Raynaud FI, Eccles SA, Garrett MD, Collins I. Multiparameter Lead Optimization to Give an Oral Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHK1) Inhibitor Clinical Candidate: (R)-5-((4-((Morpholin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile (CCT245737). J Med Chem 2016; 59:5221-37. [PMID: 27167172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiparameter optimization of a series of 5-((4-aminopyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carbonitriles resulted in the identification of a potent and selective oral CHK1 preclinical development candidate with in vivo efficacy as a potentiator of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damaging chemotherapy and as a single agent. Cellular mechanism of action assays were used to give an integrated assessment of compound selectivity during optimization resulting in a highly CHK1 selective adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitor. A single substituent vector directed away from the CHK1 kinase active site was unexpectedly found to drive the selective cellular efficacy of the compounds. Both CHK1 potency and off-target human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) ion channel inhibition were dependent on lipophilicity and basicity in this series. Optimization of CHK1 cellular potency and in vivo pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) properties gave a compound with low predicted doses and exposures in humans which mitigated the residual weak in vitro hERG inhibition.
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Cheeseman MD, Westwood IM, Barbeau O, Rowlands M, Dobson S, Jones AM, Jeganathan F, Burke R, Kadi N, Workman P, Collins I, van Montfort RLM, Jones K. Exploiting Protein Conformational Change to Optimize Adenosine-Derived Inhibitors of HSP70. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4625-36. [PMID: 27119979 PMCID: PMC5371393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
HSP70 is a molecular chaperone and a key component of the heat-shock response. Because of its proposed importance in oncology, this protein has become a popular target for drug discovery, efforts which have as yet brought little success. This study demonstrates that adenosine-derived HSP70 inhibitors potentially bind to the protein with a novel mechanism of action, the stabilization by desolvation of an intramolecular salt-bridge which induces a conformational change in the protein, leading to high affinity ligands. We also demonstrate that through the application of this mechanism, adenosine-derived HSP70 inhibitors can be optimized in a rational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Cheeseman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Isaac M Westwood
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Olivier Barbeau
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Martin Rowlands
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Sarah Dobson
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Alan M Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Fiona Jeganathan
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Rosemary Burke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Nadia Kadi
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Rob L M van Montfort
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K.,Division of Structural Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
| | - Keith Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research , London SW7 3RP, U.K
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Welford AJ, Caldwell JJ, Liu M, Richards M, Brown N, Lomas C, Tizzard GJ, Pitak MB, Coles SJ, Eccles SA, Raynaud FI, Collins I. Synthesis and Evaluation of a 2,11-Cembranoid-Inspired Library. Chemistry 2016; 22:5657-64. [PMID: 26929153 PMCID: PMC4869678 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The 2,11-cembranoid family of natural products has been used as inspiration for the synthesis of a structurally simplified, functionally diverse library of octahydroisobenzofuran-based compounds designed to augment a typical medicinal chemistry library screen. Ring-closing metathesis, lactonisation and SmI2 -mediated methods were exemplified and applied to the installation of a third ring to mimic the nine-membered ring of the 2,11-cembranoids. The library was assessed for aqueous solubility and permeability, with a chemical-space analysis performed for comparison to the family of cembranoid natural products and a sample set of a screening library. Preliminary investigations in cancer cells showed that the simpler scaffolds could recapitulate the reported anti-migratory activity of the natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Welford
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - John J Caldwell
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Manjuan Liu
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Meirion Richards
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Nathan Brown
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Cara Lomas
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Graham J Tizzard
- UK National Crystallography Service, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Mateusz B Pitak
- UK National Crystallography Service, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Simon J Coles
- UK National Crystallography Service, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Suzanne A Eccles
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Florence I Raynaud
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
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Wong SF, Norman R, Dunning TL, Ashley DM, Khasraw M, Hayes TM, Collins I, Lorgelly PK. A Discrete Choice Experiment to Examine the Preferences of Patients With Cancer and Their Willingness to Pay for Different Types of Health Care Appointments. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2016; 14:311-9. [PMID: 26957617 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study sought to understand the preferences of patients with cancer and the trade-offs between appointment attributes using discrete choice experiment (DCE). METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Patients with cancer at 3 hospitals completed a self-administered DCE. Each scenario described 6 attributes: expertise of health care professionals (HCPs), familiarity of doctors with patients' medical history, waiting time, accompaniment by family/friends, travel time, and out-of-pocket costs. Patient preferences were estimated using logistic regression. Willingness to pay (WTP) estimates were derived from regression coefficients. RESULTS Of 512 patients contacted, 185 returned the questionnaire. The mean age was 61 years, and 60% of respondents were female. The mean time since cancer diagnosis was 34 months, 90% had received treatment; and 61% had early-stage disease. The most important attributes were expertise and familiarity of doctors with patients' medical history; distance traveled was least likely to influence patient preferences. The WTP analysis estimated that patients were willing to pay $680 (95% CI, 470-891) for an appointment with a specialist, $571 (95% CI, 388-754) for doctors familiar with their history, $422 (95% CI, 262-582) for shorter waiting times, $399 (95% CI, 249-549) to be accompanied by family/friends, and $301 (95% CI, 162-441) for shorter traveling times. Male patients had a stronger preference for accompaniment by family/friends. The expertise of HCP was the most important attribute for patients regardless of geographic remoteness. CONCLUSIONS Our study can assist the development of patient-centered health care models that improve patient access to experienced HCPs, support the role of primary care providers during the cancer journey, and educate patients about the roles of non-oncology HCPs to cope with increasing demand for cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fen Wong
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Geelong, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Andrew Love Cancer Centre, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia
| | - Richard Norman
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Trisha Lynette Dunning
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University Hospital Geelong, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David Michael Ashley
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Geelong, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia,Andrew Love Cancer Centre, University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mustafa Khasraw
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Geelong, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Ian Collins
- The Greater Green Triangle Clinical School, Deakin University School of Medicine, Warrnambool, Australia
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48
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Walton MI, Eve PD, Hayes A, Henley AT, Valenti MR, De Haven Brandon AK, Box G, Boxall KJ, Tall M, Swales K, Matthews TP, McHardy T, Lainchbury M, Osborne J, Hunter JE, Perkins ND, Aherne GW, Reader JC, Raynaud FI, Eccles SA, Collins I, Garrett MD. The clinical development candidate CCT245737 is an orally active CHK1 inhibitor with preclinical activity in RAS mutant NSCLC and Eµ-MYC driven B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2329-42. [PMID: 26295308 PMCID: PMC4823038 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CCT245737 is the first orally active, clinical development candidate CHK1 inhibitor to be described. The IC50 was 1.4 nM against CHK1 enzyme and it exhibited>1,000-fold selectivity against CHK2 and CDK1. CCT245737 potently inhibited cellular CHK1 activity (IC50 30-220 nM) and enhanced gemcitabine and SN38 cytotoxicity in multiple human tumor cell lines and human tumor xenograft models. Mouse oral bioavailability was complete (100%) with extensive tumor exposure. Genotoxic-induced CHK1 activity (pS296 CHK1) and cell cycle arrest (pY15 CDK1) were inhibited both in vitro and in human tumor xenografts by CCT245737, causing increased DNA damage and apoptosis. Uniquely, we show CCT245737 enhanced gemcitabine antitumor activity to a greater degree than for higher doses of either agent alone, without increasing toxicity, indicating a true therapeutic advantage for this combination. Furthermore, development of a novel ELISA assay for pS296 CHK1 autophosphorylation, allowed the quantitative measurement of target inhibition in a RAS mutant human tumor xenograft of NSCLC at efficacious doses of CCT245737. Finally, CCT245737 also showed significant single-agent activity against a MYC-driven mouse model of B-cell lymphoma. In conclusion, CCT245737 is a new CHK1 inhibitor clinical development candidate scheduled for a first in man Phase I clinical trial, that will use the novel pS296 CHK1 ELISA to monitor target inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike I. Walton
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Paul D. Eve
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Angela Hayes
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alan T. Henley
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Melanie R. Valenti
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alexis K. De Haven Brandon
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gary Box
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Kathy J. Boxall
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Matthew Tall
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Karen Swales
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Thomas P. Matthews
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Tatiana McHardy
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Michael Lainchbury
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - James Osborne
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Jill E. Hunter
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - G. Wynne Aherne
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Florence I. Raynaud
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Suzanne A. Eccles
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Michelle D. Garrett
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
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49
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Phillips KA, Steel EJ, Collins I, Emery J, Pirotta M, Mann GB, Butow P, Hopper JL, Trainer A, Moreton J, Antoniou AC, Cuzick J, Keogh L. Transitioning to routine breast cancer risk assessment and management in primary care: what can we learn from cardiovascular disease? Aust J Prim Health 2016; 22:255-261. [PMID: 25705982 DOI: 10.1071/py14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/11/2024]
Abstract
To capitalise on advances in breast cancer prevention, all women would need to have their breast cancer risk formally assessed. With ~85% of Australians attending primary care clinics at least once a year, primary care is an opportune location for formal breast cancer risk assessment and management. This study assessed the current practice and needs of primary care clinicians regarding assessment and management of breast cancer risk. Two facilitated focus group discussions were held with 17 primary care clinicians (12 GPs and 5 practice nurses (PNs)) as part of a larger needs assessment. Primary care clinicians viewed assessment and management of cardiovascular risk as an intrinsic, expected part of their role, often triggered by practice software prompts and facilitated by use of an online tool. Conversely, assessment of breast cancer risk was not routine and was generally patient- (not clinician-) initiated, and risk management (apart from routine screening) was considered outside the primary care domain. Clinicians suggested that routine assessment and management of breast cancer risk might be achieved if it were widely endorsed as within the remit of primary care and supported by an online risk-assessment and decision aid tool that was integrated into primary care software. This study identified several key issues that would need to be addressed to facilitate the transition to routine assessment and management of breast cancer risk in primary care, based largely on the model used for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly-Anne Phillips
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, East Melbourne, Vic. 8006, Australia
| | - Emma J Steel
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, East Melbourne, Vic. 8006, Australia
| | - Ian Collins
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, East Melbourne, Vic. 8006, Australia
| | - Jon Emery
- General Practice and Primary Care Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, 200 Berkeley Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia
| | - Marie Pirotta
- General Practice and Primary Care Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, 200 Berkeley Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia
| | - G Bruce Mann
- The Breast Service, Royal Melbourne and Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia
| | - Phyllis Butow
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making (CeMPED), The University of Sydney, Transient Building F12, Darlington, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Vic. 3010, Australia
| | - Alison Trainer
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, East Melbourne, Vic. 8006, Australia
| | - Jane Moreton
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett Street, East Melbourne, Vic. 8006, Australia
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Worts Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Keogh
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Vic. 3010, Australia
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50
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Sadok A, McCarthy A, Caldwell J, Collins I, Garrett MD, Yeo M, Hooper S, Sahai E, Kuemper S, Mardakheh FK, Marshall CJ. Rho kinase inhibitors block melanoma cell migration and inhibit metastasis. Cancer Res 2015; 75:2272-84. [PMID: 25840982 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify new therapeutic opportunities for metastatic melanoma. Fragment-based screening has led to the discovery of orally available, ATP-competitive AKT kinase inhibitors, AT13148 and CCT129254. These compounds also inhibit the Rho-kinases ROCK 1 and ROCK 2 and we show they potently inhibit ROCK activity in melanoma cells in culture and in vivo. Treatment of melanoma cells with CCT129254 or AT13148 dramatically reduces cell invasion, impairing both "amoeboid-like" and mesenchymal-like modes of invasion in culture. Intravital imaging shows that CCT129254 or AT13148 treatment reduces the motility of melanoma cells in vivo. CCT129254 inhibits melanoma metastasis when administered 2 days after orthotopic intradermal injection of the cells, or when treatment starts after metastases have arisen. Mechanistically, our data suggest that inhibition of ROCK reduces the ability of melanoma cells to efficiently colonize the lungs. These results suggest that these novel inhibitors of ROCK may be beneficial in the treatment of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Sadok
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Afshan McCarthy
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Caldwell
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle D Garrett
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Maggie Yeo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Hooper
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Kuemper
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Faraz K Mardakheh
- Division of Cancer Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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