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El-Sayes Y, Joly-Chevrier M, BinJadeed H, Litvinov IV, Netchiporouk E. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Induced Skin Toxicities - Zinc Supplementation to the Rescue? J Am Acad Dermatol 2024:S0190-9622(24)00728-X. [PMID: 38734240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef El-Sayes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Hessah BinJadeed
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Muntyanu A, Milan R, Kaouache M, Ringuet J, Gulliver W, Pivneva I, Royer J, Leroux M, Chen K, Yu Q, Litvinov IV, Griffiths CEM, Ashcroft DM, Rahme E, Netchiporouk E. Tree-Based Machine Learning to Identify Predictors of Psoriasis Incidence at the Neighborhood Level: A Populational Study from Quebec, Canada. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024; 25:497-508. [PMID: 38498268 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-024-00854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a major global health burden affecting ~ 60 million people worldwide. Existing studies on psoriasis focused on individual-level health behaviors (e.g. diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise) and characteristics as drivers of psoriasis risk. However, it is increasingly recognized that health behavior arises in the context of larger social, cultural, economic and environmental determinants of health. We aimed to identify the top risk factors that significantly impact the incidence of psoriasis at the neighborhood level using populational data from the province of Quebec (Canada) and advanced tree-based machine learning (ML) techniques. METHODS Adult psoriasis patients were identified using International Classification of Disease (ICD)-9/10 codes from Quebec (Canada) populational databases for years 1997-2015. Data on environmental and socioeconomic factors 1 year prior to psoriasis onset were obtained from the Canadian Urban Environment Health Consortium (CANUE) and Statistics Canada (StatCan) and were input as predictors into the gradient boosting ML. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). Parsimonious models and partial dependence plots were determined to assess directionality of the relationship. RESULTS The incidence of psoriasis varied geographically from 1.6 to 325.6/100,000 person-years in Quebec. The parsimonious model (top 9 predictors) had an AUC of 0.77 to predict high psoriasis incidence. Amongst top predictors, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, maximum daily temperature, proportion of females, soil moisture, urbanization, and distance to expressways had a negative association with psoriasis incidence. Nighttime light brightness had a positive association, whereas social and material deprivation indices suggested a higher psoriasis incidence in the middle socioeconomic class neighborhoods. CONCLUSION This is the first study to highlight highly variable psoriasis incidence rates on a jurisdictional level and suggests that living environment, notably climate, vegetation, urbanization and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics may have an association with psoriasis incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raymond Milan
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mohammed Kaouache
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Ringuet
- Centre de Recherche Dermatologique de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Wayne Gulliver
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Qiuyan Yu
- Ecological and Biological Sciences, Exponent Inc, Menlo Park, USA
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Darren M Ashcroft
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Global Psoriasis Atlas, Manchester, UK
| | - Elham Rahme
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Cohen Y, Jaberi M, Litvinov IV, Shamout Y. Novel suturing technique for reduced electrocautery in excisional procedures for non-melanoma skin cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:e131-e132. [PMID: 37343830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Cohen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Mehrad Jaberi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yassein Shamout
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Rijal H, Bouadi N, Dahlke E, Litvinov IV. Efficacy and Safety of JAK-Inhibitors in Treating Refractory Palmoplantar Pustulosis and Palmoplantar Pustular Psoriasis: A Systematic Review. J Cutan Med Surg 2024:12034754241238707. [PMID: 38497281 DOI: 10.1177/12034754241238707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hibo Rijal
- Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Naïla Bouadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Erin Dahlke
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- St. Joseph's Health Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Jeremian R, Lytvyn Y, Fotovati R, Georgakopoulos JR, Gooderham M, Yeung J, Sachdeva M, Lefrançois P, Litvinov IV. Distinct Signatures of Mitotic Age Acceleration in Cutaneous Melanoma and Acquired Melanocytic Nevi. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00083-6. [PMID: 38290647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Richie Jeremian
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - Yuliya Lytvyn
- Division of Dermatology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rayyan Fotovati
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jorge R Georgakopoulos
- Division of Dermatology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jensen Yeung
- Division of Dermatology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Muskaan Sachdeva
- Division of Dermatology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
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Touma F, Lambert M, Martínez Villarreal A, Gantchev J, Ramchatesingh B, Litvinov IV. The Ultraviolet Irradiation of Keratinocytes Induces Ectopic Expression of LINE-1 Retrotransposon Machinery and Leads to Cellular Senescence. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3017. [PMID: 38002016 PMCID: PMC10669206 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Retrotransposons have played an important role in evolution through their transposable activity. The largest and the only currently active human group of mobile DNAs are the LINE-1 retrotransposons. The ectopic expression of LINE-1 has been correlated with genomic instability. Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) and broad-band ultraviolet B (BB-UVB) phototherapy is commonly used for the treatment of dermatological diseases. UVB exposure is carcinogenic and can lead, in keratinocytes, to genomic instability. We hypothesize that LINE-1 reactivation occurs at a high rate in response to UVB exposure on the skin, which significantly contributes to genomic instability and DNA damage leading to cellular senescence and photoaging. Immortalized N/TERT1 and HaCaT human keratinocyte cell lines were irradiated in vitro with either NB-UVB or BB-UVB. Using immunofluorescence and Western blotting, we confirmed UVB-induced protein expression of LINE-1. Using RT-qPCR, we measured the mRNA expression of LINE-1 and senescence markers that were upregulated after several NB-UVB exposures. Selected miRNAs that are known to bind LINE-1 mRNA were measured using RT-qPCR, and the expression of miR-16 was downregulated with UVB exposure. Our findings demonstrate that UVB irradiation induces LINE-1 reactivation and DNA damage in normal keratinocytes along with the associated upregulation of cellular senescence markers and change in miR-16 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Touma
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.T.); (B.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Marine Lambert
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.T.); (B.R.)
| | - Amelia Martínez Villarreal
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.T.); (B.R.)
| | - Jennifer Gantchev
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.T.); (B.R.)
| | - Brandon Ramchatesingh
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.T.); (B.R.)
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.T.); (B.R.)
- Department of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Jeremian R, Xie P, Fotovati M, Lefrançois P, Litvinov IV. Gene-Environment Analyses in a UK Biobank Skin Cancer Cohort Identifies Important SNPs in DNA Repair Genes That May Help Prognosticate Disease Risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1599-1607. [PMID: 37642678 PMCID: PMC10840669 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite well-established relationships between sun exposure and skin cancer pathogenesis/progression, specific gene-environment interactions in at-risk individuals remain poorly-understood. METHODS We leveraged a UK Biobank cohort of basal cell carcinoma (BCC, n = 17,221), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC, n = 2,331), melanoma in situ (M-is, n = 1,158), invasive melanoma (M-inv, n = 3,798), and healthy controls (n = 448,164) to quantify the synergistic involvement of genetic and environmental factors influencing disease risk. We surveyed 8,798 SNPs from 190 DNA repair genes, and 11 demographic/behavioral risk factors. RESULTS Clinical analysis identified darker skin (RR = 0.01-0.65) and hair (RR = 0.27-0.63) colors as protective factors. Eleven SNPs were significantly associated with BCC, three of which were also associated with M-inv. Gene-environment analysis yielded 201 SNP-environment interactions across 90 genes (FDR-adjusted q < 0.05). SNPs from the FANCA gene showed interactions with at least one clinical factor in all cancer groups, of which three (rs9926296, rs3743860, rs2376883) showed interaction with nearly every factor in BCC and M-inv. CONCLUSIONS We identified novel risk factors for keratinocyte carcinomas and melanoma, highlighted the prognostic value of several FANCA alleles among individuals with a history of sunlamp use and childhood sunburns, and demonstrated the importance of combining genetic and clinical data in disease risk stratification. IMPACT This study revealed genome-wide associations with important implications for understanding skin cancer risk in the context of the rapidly-evolving field of precision medicine. Major individual factors (including sex, hair and skin color, and sun protection use) were significant mediators for all skin cancers, interacting with >200 SNPs across four skin cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richie Jeremian
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) Montreal, Quebec
| | - Pingxing Xie
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) Montreal, Quebec
| | - Misha Fotovati
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Lady Davis Institute (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Lady Davis Institute (LDI), Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) Montreal, Quebec
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Alli S, LeBeau J, Hasbani A, Lagacé F, Litvinov IV, Peláez S. Understanding the Perceived Relationship between Sun Exposure and Melanoma in Atlantic Canada: A Consensual Qualitative Study Highlighting a "Sunscreen Paradox". Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4726. [PMID: 37835419 PMCID: PMC10571640 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cutaneous melanoma (CM) incidence is increasing, with sun exposure identified as a key modifiable risk factor. The Atlantic provinces of Canada display varied CM incidence rates: New Brunswick aligns with the national average, while Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island exceed it, and Newfoundland and Labrador fall below this benchmark. We investigated the relationship between sun exposure and CM in these provinces. Twenty-two focus groups encompassing 95 Atlantic Canada residents were conducted and transcribed. A thematic analysis was conducted in MAXQDA using the social-ecological model as a framework. Residents of high-CM incidence provinces demonstrated greater sun exposure awareness, consulting UV indices, and using sunscreen and sun-protective clothing. However, they received greater UV exposure due to warmer climates and outdoor work and cultural activities. Conversely, those in low-incidence provinces used sunscreen and sun-protective clothing less often, engaged in occupations and hobbies affording less sun exposure, and lived in cooler climates. Our data supports a possible "sunscreen paradox", whereby increased sunscreen use is correlated with augmented sun exposure, leading to a deceptive sense of security. Public health initiatives in Atlantic Canada promoting sun safety must address this paradox while integrating community-specific behaviors and norms in order to develop tailored campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sauliha Alli
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Jonathan LeBeau
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Agustina Hasbani
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - François Lagacé
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (J.L.); (A.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Sandra Peláez
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Research Centre of Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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Joly-Chevrier M, Gélinas A, Ghazal S, Moussa S, McCuaig CC, Piram M, Mereniuk A, Litvinov IV, Osman M, Pehr K, Netchiporouk E. Morphea, Eosinophilic Fasciitis and Cancer: A Scoping Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4450. [PMID: 37760419 PMCID: PMC10526289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphea is an autoimmune fibrotic skin disease. Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is considered to belong to the severe spectrum of morphea. We conducted a scoping review assessing the risk of secondary cancer among morphea/EF patients, paraneoplastic morphea/EF and morphea/EF developing secondary to cancer therapy. The search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane databases for articles published from inception to September 2022 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines with no language or date restrictions. Two hundred and one studies were included. Of these, 32 studies reported on secondary cancer in morphea/EF patients, 45 on paraneoplastic morphea/EF and 125 on cancer-treatment-induced morphea/EF. While the current evidence remains limited, data suggest an increased risk of secondary cutaneous and possibly pancreatic malignancy in morphea patients, particularly the generalized subtype. There were insufficient data for EF. On the other hand, paraneoplastic morphea was anecdotal, whereas several observational studies suggested that ~10% of EF cases may be paraneoplastic, primarily in the context of hematologic malignancies. Radiotherapy-induced morphea is rare, seen in ~0.2% of treated patients and is usually localized to the treatment site, except in patients with pre-existing autoimmunity. While chemotherapy-induced cases are reported, immunotherapy morphea/EF cases are emerging and are preferentially seen with PD-1 and not CTLA-4 inhibitors. This study is limited by the type of articles included (case reports, case series and observational studies), and hence, additional research on this important topic is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexa Gélinas
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Stephanie Ghazal
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Sarah Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Catherine C. McCuaig
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Maryam Piram
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Alexandra Mereniuk
- Division of Dermatology, Sacre Coeur Hospital, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mohammed Osman
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Kevin Pehr
- Division of Dermatology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3N 1V4, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Zhu C, Gabrielli S, Khoury L, Osman M, Litvinov IV, Iannattone L, Lefrançois P, Netchiporouk E. Immunosenescence, Inflammaging, and Dermatology: Insights and Opportunities. J Cutan Med Surg 2023; 27:532-534. [PMID: 37593990 DOI: 10.1177/12034754231194009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Zhu
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Lauren Khoury
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohamed Osman
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lisa Iannattone
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Muntyanu A, Nechaev V, Pastukhova E, Logan J, Rahme E, Zubarev A, Netchiporouk E, Litvinov IV. Burden and geographic distribution of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers in the Russian Federation. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1197287. [PMID: 37601694 PMCID: PMC10435750 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1197287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The global incidence of lip and oral cavity cancers (OCCs) and oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs) is steadily increasing. While tobacco and alcohol consumption are established risk factors, a considerable proportion of these cancers has become attributed to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. We aimed to describe the occurrence and identify potential risk factors of OCCs and OPCs across the Russian Federation during 2007-2018. Methods We conducted an ecological analysis using publicly accessible data from the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute. Incidence and mortality rates by jurisdiction were mapped for geospatial analysis. We pre-defined 11 potential contributing risk factors and used univariable and multivariable Poisson regression model with backwards stepwise variable selection to identify associated factors with OCC and OPC. Results A total of 190,585 individuals were diagnosed with OCCs and OPCs in Russia between 2007-2018. Non-uniform geographic distribution of cancer cases was noted where the Far Eastern Federal District had the highest rate of OCC and the Central Federal District of OPCs. Districts with high weekly alcohol consumption had significantly higher incidence and mortality rates in both sexes. Districts with high rates of daily smoking had higher incidence of OCC among females, and those with low smoking trends had lower mortality rates for OCCs and OPCs. Conclusion We detail the burden of OCCs and OPCs across Russia, with the aim of elucidating modifiable risk factors and proposing evidence-based prevention strategies. Tobacco/alcohol sales control measures and smoking/drinking cessation programs should continue to be prioritized as public health measures, especially for females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vladimir Nechaev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - James Logan
- Geographic Information System (GIS), Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrei Zubarev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lagacé F, Noorah BN, Conte S, Mija LA, Chang J, Cattelan L, LeBeau J, Claveau J, Turchin I, Gulliver W, Gniadecki R, Netchiporouk E, Miller Jr. WH, Salopek TG, Rahme E, Peláez S, Litvinov IV. Assessing Skin Cancer Risk Factors, Sun Safety Behaviors and Melanoma Concern in Atlantic Canada: A Comprehensive Survey Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3753. [PMID: 37568569 PMCID: PMC10417242 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) is increasing at an alarming rate in Canada and elsewhere around the world. Significant regional differences in CM incidence have been identified in Atlantic provinces. The goal of this study is to compare ultraviolet exposure, sun protective behaviours, level of worry and baseline CM knowledge in provinces with a high versus low incidence of CM as well, as between various demographic groups. METHODS A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Atlantic provinces between July 2020 and August 2022. All participants aged ≥ 16 years with a completed survey were eligible. Survey responses were summarized using frequency counts, percentages, and means. Two-sided Z-tests for equality of proportions and logistic regression models were used to compare the survey results between geographic and demographic groups. RESULTS In total, 7861 participants were included (28.0% men; mean age 61.3 years; response rate 28%). Our results (gender- and age-adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) show that high-incidence provinces for CM (Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia) had significantly more sunburns (OR 2.00, 1.72-2.31), total sun exposure (OR 2.05, 1.68-2.50), recreational sun exposure (OR 1.95, 1.61-2.35) and tans (OR 1.77, 1.53-2.05) than individuals in low-incidence provinces (Newfoundland and Labrador). However, individuals in high-incidence provinces displayed more protective behaviors: there were less tanning bed users (OR 0.82, 0.71-0.95), they checked their skin more frequently for new moles (OR 1.26, 1.06-1.51) and practiced more sun protection overall. Additional analyses are presented based on education, income, sexual orientation and gender. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that future efforts aimed at reducing the CM burden in Atlantic Canada should be tailored for target geographic and/or demographic groups. LIMITATIONS the study participants are not representative of the population in Atlantic Canada due to recruitment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.L.)
| | - Bibi Nuzha Noorah
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Santina Conte
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | - Jasmine Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Leila Cattelan
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.L.)
| | - Jonathan LeBeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Joël Claveau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Melanoma and Skin Cancer Clinic, Québec City, QC G1R 4H6, Canada
| | - Irina Turchin
- Division of Dermatology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 2Y9, Canada
| | - Wayne Gulliver
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.L.)
| | - Wilson H. Miller Jr.
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Thomas G. Salopek
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sandra Peláez
- École de Kinésiologie et des Sciences de L’activité Physique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (F.L.)
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Muntyanu A, Ghazawi FM, Pastukhova E, Zubarev A, Litvinov IV. National trends in incidence and geographic distribution of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinoma in the Russian Federation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1188038. [PMID: 37547610 PMCID: PMC10397511 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1188038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte Carcinomas (KC), including basal cell and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, are the most common skin cancers in Fitzpatrick phototype I-III individuals, while melanoma is one of the deadliest skin cancer types. The incidence of both melanoma and KC is increasing in Russia. KCs' incidence increases from north-to-south across the Russian Federation. In contrast, while melanoma's incidence increases from north-to-south in the eastern part of the country, in the west of Russia a reverse latitude gradient trend is noted, where northern more affluent regions of Russia display higher rates of melanoma than the southern jurisdictions. Furthermore, our detailed analysis of incidence by jurisdiction highlights that affluent northern capital cities have higher rates of melanoma than the surrounding regions. The observed melanoma incidence trends in the western portion of Russia are similar to the findings in the western Europe and opposite of the findings in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feras M. Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Pastukhova
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrei Zubarev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lagacé F, D’Aguanno K, Prosty C, Laverde-Saad A, Cattelan L, Ouchene L, Oliel S, Genest G, Doiron P, Richer V, Jfri A, O’Brien E, Lefrançois P, Powell M, Moreau L, Litvinov IV, Muntyanu A, Netchiporouk E. The Role of Sex and Gender in Dermatology - From Pathogenesis to Clinical Implications. J Cutan Med Surg 2023; 27:NP1-NP36. [PMID: 37401812 PMCID: PMC10486181 DOI: 10.1177/12034754231177582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex and gender have increasingly been recognized as significant risk factors for many diseases, including dermatological conditions. Historically, sex and gender have often been grouped together as a single risk factor in the scientific literature. However, both may have a distinct impact on disease incidence, prevalence, clinical presentation, severity, therapeutic response, and associated psychological distress. OBJECTIVES AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION The mechanisms that underlie differences in skin diseases between males, females, men, and women remain largely unknown. The specific objectives of this review paper are:To highlight the biological differences between males and females (sex), as well as the sociocultural differences between men and women (gender) and how they impact the integumentary system.To perform a literature review to identify important sex- and gender-related epidemiological and clinical differences for various skin conditions belonging to a range of disease categories and to discuss possible biological and sociocultural factors that could explain the observed differences.To discuss dermatological skin conditions and gender-affirming treatments within the transgender community, a population of individuals who have a gender identity which is different than the gender identity they were assigned at birth. FUTURE IMPACT With the rising number of individuals that identify as non-binary or transgender within our increasingly diverse communities, it is imperative to recognize gender identity, gender, and sex as distinct entities. By doing so, clinicians will be able to better risk-stratify their patients and select treatments that are most aligned with their values. To our knowledge, very few studies have separated sex and gender as two distinct risk factors within the dermatology literature. Our article also has the potential to help guide future prevention strategies that are patient-tailored rather than using a universal approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Connor Prosty
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandra Laverde-Saad
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Leila Cattelan
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lydia Ouchene
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Oliel
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Genevieve Genest
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philip Doiron
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Richer
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Abdulhadi Jfri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth O’Brien
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Powell
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Linda Moreau
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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15
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Conte S, Aldien AS, Jetté S, LeBeau J, Alli S, Netchiporouk E, Lagacé F, Lefrançois P, Iannattone L, Litvinov IV. Skin Cancer Prevention across the G7, Australia and New Zealand: A Review of Legislation and Guidelines. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6019-6040. [PMID: 37489567 PMCID: PMC10377770 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Incidence rates of melanoma and keratinocyte skin cancers have been on the rise globally in recent decades. While there has been a select focus on personal sun protection awareness, to our knowledge, there is a paucity of legislation in place to help support citizens' efforts to protect themselves from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Given this, we conducted a comprehensive review of legislation and guidelines pertaining to a variety of sun protection-related topics in countries of the Group of Seven (G7), Australia and New Zealand. Australia was the only country to have banned tanning beds for individuals of all ages, while other select countries have instituted bans for minors. In workplace policy, there is very little recognition of the danger of occupational UVR exposure in outdoor workers, and thus very few protective measures are in place. With regard to sports and recreation, certain dermatological/professional associations have put forward recommendations, but no legislation was brought forward by government bodies outside of Australia and New Zealand. With regard to youth, while there are various guidelines and frameworks in place across several countries, adherence remains difficult in the absence of concrete legislation and standardization of procedures. Finally, only Australia and a few select jurisdictions in the United States have implemented sales tax exemptions for sunscreen products. In light of our findings, we have made several recommendations, which we anticipate will help reduce the rates of melanoma and keratinocyte cancers in years to come. However, minimizing UVR exposure is not without risk, and we, therefore, suggest the promotion of vitamin D supplementation in conjunction with sun protective practices to limit potential harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina Conte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Ammar Saed Aldien
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Sébastien Jetté
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Jonathan LeBeau
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Sauliha Alli
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lisa Iannattone
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Gantchev J, Messina-Pacheco J, Martínez Villarreal A, Ramchatesingh B, Lefrançois P, Xie P, Amar L, Xu HH, Raveendra K, Sikorski D, Guerra Ordaz DJ, Gill RPK, Lambert M, Litvinov IV. Ectopically Expressed Meiosis-Specific Cancer Testis Antigen HORMAD1 Promotes Genomic Instability in Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cells 2023; 12:1627. [PMID: 37371097 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is a prominent hallmark of cancer, however the mechanisms that drive and sustain this process remain elusive. Research demonstrates that numerous cancers with increased levels of genomic instability ectopically express meiosis-specific genes and undergo meiomitosis, the clash of mitotic and meiotic processes. These meiotic genes may represent novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. We studied the relationship between the expression of the meiosis protein HORMAD1 and genomic instability in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). First, we assessed markers of DNA damage and genomic instability following knockdown and overexpression of HORMAD1 in different cell lines representing SCCs and epithelial cancers. shRNA-mediated depletion of HORMAD1 expression resulted in increased genomic instability, DNA damage, increased sensitivity to etoposide, and decreased expression of DNA damage response/repair genes. Conversely, overexpression of HORMAD1 exhibited protective effects leading to decreased DNA damage, enhanced survival and decreased sensitivity to etoposide. Furthermore, we identified a meiotic molecular pathway that regulates HORMAD1 expression by targeting the upstream meiosis transcription factor STRA8. Our results highlight a specific relationship between HORMAD1 and genomic instability in SCCs, suggesting that selectively inhibiting HORMAD1, possibly, through STRA8 signaling, may provide a new paradigm of treatment options for HORMAD1-expressing SCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gantchev
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Julia Messina-Pacheco
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | | | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Pingxing Xie
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Laetitia Amar
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | - Hong Hao Xu
- Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Sikorski
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | | | | | - Marine Lambert
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Alkazemi B, Ghazawi FM, Lagacé F, Nechaev V, Zubarev A, Litvinov IV. Investigation of the Incidence and Geographic Distribution of Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Canada: A National Population-Based Study. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5631-5651. [PMID: 37366907 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal malignancies with various genetic and environmental risk factors. This study analyzed the epidemiology of sarcomas to gain insight into the incidence and mortality rates of these cancers in Canada, as well as to elucidate their potential environmental risk factors. Data for this study were obtained from le Registre Québécois du Cancer (LRQC) and from the Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) for the period from 1992 to 2010. Mortality data were obtained from the Canadian Vital Statistics (CVS) database for the period from 1992 to 2010 using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, ICD-O-3, ICD-9, or ICD-10 codes, for all subtypes of sarcomas. We found that the overall sarcoma incidence in Canada decreased during the study period. However, there were select subtypes with increasing incidence. Peripherally located sarcomas were found to have lower mortality rates compared to axially located sarcomas, as expected. Clustering of Kaposi sarcoma cases in self-identified LGBTQ+ communities and in postal codes with a higher proportion of African-Canadian and Hispanic populations was observed. Forward Sortation Area (FSA) postal codes with a lower socioeconomic status also had higher Kaposi sarcoma incidence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badria Alkazemi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Leeds School of Medicine, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M2, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Experimental Medicine Training Program, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | - Andrei Zubarev
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Experimental Medicine Training Program, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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18
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Ji X, Alakel A, Ghazawi FM, Tsang M, Zubarev A, Lasry OJ, Litvinov IV. Investigation of incidence and geographic distribution of gliomas in Canada from 1992 to 2010: a national population-based study highlighting the importance of exposure to airport operations. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1190366. [PMID: 37260971 PMCID: PMC10228722 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1190366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas account for over two-thirds of all malignant brain tumors and have few established risk factors beyond family history and exposure to ionizing radiation. Importantly, recent studies highlighted the exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) as a putative risk factor for malignant brain tumors. Methods Clinical and geographic data encompassing all provinces and territories from 1992 to 2010 was obtained from the Canadian Cancer Registry and Le Registre Québécois du Cancer. Linear regression and joinpoint analyses were performed to assess incidence trends. Significantly higher and lower incidence postal codes were then interrogated using Standard Industrial Classification codes to detect significant industrial activity. Results In Canada, between 1992 and 2010, there were ~32,360 cases of glioma. Of these, 17,115 (52.9%) were glioblastoma. The overall crude incidence rates of 5.45 and 2.87 cases per 100,000 individuals per year for gliomas and glioblastomas, respectively, were identified. Our findings further revealed increasing crude incidence of gliomas/glioblastomas over time. A male predominance was observed. Provinces leading in glioma incidence included Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. Significantly lower crude incidence of glioma was found in Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Ontario, and Alberta. A putative regional clustering of gliomas was observed, with higher incidence rates in postal code areas correlating with industrial activity related to airport operations. Conclusion This study describes the geographic distribution of the glioma disease burden and, potentially, identifies industrial activity related to airport operations as potentially being associated with higher incidence of this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Ji
- Department Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Akram Alakel
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Feras M. Ghazawi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Tsang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrei Zubarev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Oliver J. Lasry
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research-Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Quaglino P, Scarisbrick J, Roccuzzo G, Abeldano A, Battistella M, McCormack C, Cowan R, Cozzio A, Cury-Martins J, Enz P, Geskin L, Guenova E, Kim YH, Knobler R, Litvinov IV, Miyagaki T, Molgo M, Nicolay J, Papadavid E, Pinter-Brown L, Pujol Vallverdu R, Querfeld C, Ortiz-Romero P, Stadler R, Vermeer MH, Bagot M, Hodak E. Identifying unmet needs and challenges in the definition of a plaque in mycosis fungoides: An EORTC-CLTG/ISCL survey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:680-688. [PMID: 36606565 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consensus about the definition and classification of 'plaque' in mycosis fungoides is lacking. OBJECTIVES To delineate a comprehensive view on how the 'plaque' entity is defined and managed in clinical practice; to evaluate whether the current positioning of plaques in the TNMB classification is adequate. METHODS A 12-item survey was circulated within a selected panel of 22 experts (pathologists, dermatologists, haematologists and oncologists), members of the EORTC and International Society for Cutaneous Lymphoma. The questionnaire discussed clinical and histopathological definitions of plaques and its relationship with staging and treatment. RESULTS Total consensus and very high agreement rates were reached in 33.3% of questions, as all panellists regularly check for the presence of plaques, agree to evaluate the presence of plaques as a potential separate T class, and concur on the important distinction between plaque and patch for the management of early-stage MF. High agreement was reached in 41.7% of questions, since more than 50% of the responders use Olsen's definition of plaque, recommend the distinction between thin/thick plaques, and agree on performing a biopsy on the most infiltrated/indurated lesion. High divergence rates (25%) were reported regarding the possibility of a clinically based distinction between thin and thick plaques and the role of histopathology to plaque definition. CONCLUSIONS The definition of 'plaque' is commonly perceived as a clinical entity and its integration with histopathological features is generally reserved to specific cases. To date, no consensus is achieved as for the exact definition of thin and thick plaques and current positioning of plaques within the TNMB system is considered clinically inadequate. Prospective studies evaluating the role of histopathological parameters and other biomarkers, as well as promising diagnostic tools, such as US/RM imaging and high-throughput blood sequencing, are much needed to fully integrate current clinical definitions with more objective parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Roccuzzo
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alejandra Abeldano
- Hospital Gral. de Agudos Dr. C. Argerich, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maxime Battistella
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U976 HIPI, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, AP-HP Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chris McCormack
- Surgical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkvile, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Cowan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Antonio Cozzio
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jade Cury-Martins
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Enz
- Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Larisa Geskin
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Youn H Kim
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Robert Knobler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomomitsu Miyagaki
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Montserrat Molgo
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jan Nicolay
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Evangelina Papadavid
- 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Pablo Ortiz-Romero
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Institute I+12, CIBERONC, Medical School, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rudolf Stadler
- University Hospitals of the Ruhr-University of Bochum, Minden, Germany
| | - Maarten H Vermeer
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Emmilia Hodak
- Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tiqva, Israel
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20
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Barolet AC, Villarreal AM, Jfri A, Litvinov IV, Barolet D. Low-Intensity Visible and Near-Infrared Light-Induced Cell Signaling Pathways in the Skin: A Comprehensive Review. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:147-166. [PMID: 37074309 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe current knowledge regarding established and putative cell signaling pathways involved in skin photobiomodulation. Background: The skin is the largest and most accessible organ of the body. It is the first line of defense against the external environment, including solar radiation. Among solar rays, visible and infrared non-ionizing photons may reach human skin and trigger a cascade of non-thermal cell signaling pathways called photobiomodulation (PBM). The use of PBM using artificial light sources has been known for more than 50 years, but it has not yet been widely accepted due to uncertainty about the cellular mechanisms of action. However, much knowledge has been gained in this field in recent years, which will be summarized in this review. Methods: An extensive literature review was performed using Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar as research databases to acquire relevant publications in this particular field. Results: A comprehensive description of chromophores, primary and secondary effectors is provided in addition to a visual representation of known and putative cell signaling mechanisms involved in such complex light-skin interactions. Also, a summary of clinical indications of skin PBM, key light parameters, and promising skin applications (local and systemic) are mentioned. Conclusions: In PBM, skin cells are the first to absorb photons, triggering specific cell-signaling pathways through primary and secondary effectors, leading to enhanced cell repair and survival, notably in hypoxic or stressed cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms of action will help us optimize known indications and discover new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin C Barolet
- Clinical & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Department of Medicine, CHU de Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- CMDGT/LOEX, CHU de Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- RoseLab Skin Optics Research Laboratory, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amelia M Villarreal
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Graduate Training Program, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdulhadi Jfri
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Graduate Training Program, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Barolet
- RoseLab Skin Optics Research Laboratory, Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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21
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Touyz SJ, Ghazawi FM, Netchiporouk E, Popradi G, Michel RP, Skamene S, Lambert C, Hijal T, Litvinov IV. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma developing in surgical scars post cardiac
surgery: A case study. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023; 11:2050313X231161444. [PMID: 36968985 PMCID: PMC10034272 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x231161444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a class of non-Hodgkin lymphomas characterized by
the infiltration of malignant T cells into the skin. Their precise pathogenesis
remains incompletely understood, but persistent and specific antigen stimulation
of skin-homing CD4+ memory T cells by external or internal factors, combined
with an inflammatory cytokine-rich tissue microenvironment, may be critical in
the development of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. We present herein a case of
primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma arising in two surgical scars that developed
6 months post-operatively and were successfully treated with external beam
radiotherapy. This case highlights the notion that primary cutaneous T-cell
lymphoma can develop locally at the site of injury/foreign body within a
relatively short time post trauma/surgery. This work contributes to the
literature of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas arising after a trauma, surgery, or a
foreign body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Touyz
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine,
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill
University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gizelle Popradi
- Division of Hematology, McGill
University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - René P Michel
- Department of Pathology, McGill
University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia Skamene
- Department of Radiation Oncology,
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Lambert
- Department of Radiation Oncology,
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tarek Hijal
- Department of Radiation Oncology,
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill
University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Ivan V Litvinov, Division of Dermatology,
McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boul Decarie, Rm. E02.0236, Montreal, QC
H4A3J1, Canada.
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22
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Arcuri D, Ramchatesingh B, Lagacé F, Iannattone L, Netchiporouk E, Lefrançois P, Litvinov IV. Pharmacological Agents Used in the Prevention and Treatment of Actinic Keratosis: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054989. [PMID: 36902419 PMCID: PMC10003023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is among the most commonly diagnosed skin diseases with potentially life-threatening repercussions if left untreated. Usage of pharmacologic agents represents one of many therapeutic strategies that can be used to help manage these lesions. Ongoing research into these compounds continues to change our clinical understanding as to which agents most benefit particular patient populations. Indeed, factors such as past personal medical history, lesion location and tolerability of therapy only represent a few considerations that clinicians must account for when prescribing appropriate treatment. This review focuses on specific drugs used in either the prevention or treatment of AKs. Nicotinamide, acitretin and topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) continue to be used with fidelity in the chemoprevention of actinic keratosis, although some uncertainty persists in regard to which agents should be used in immunocompetent vs. immunodeficient/immunosuppressed patients. Topical 5-FU, including combination formulations with either calcipotriol or salicylic acid, as well as imiquimod, diclofenac and photodynamic light therapy are all accepted treatment strategies employed to target and eliminate AKs. Five percent of 5-FU is regarded as the most effective therapy in the condition, although the literature has conflictingly shown that lower concentrations of the drug might also be as effective. Topical diclofenac (3%) appears to be less efficacious than 5% 5-FU, 3.75-5% imiquimod and photodynamic light therapy despite its favorable side effect profile. Finally, traditional photodynamic light therapy, while painful, appears to be of higher efficacy in comparison to its more tolerable counterpart, daylight phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Arcuri
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | - François Lagacé
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lisa Iannattone
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | | | | | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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23
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Nguyen A, Xie P, Litvinov IV, Lefrançois P. Efficacy and Safety of Sonic Hedgehog Inhibitors in Basal Cell Carcinomas: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2009-2022). Am J Clin Dermatol 2023; 24:359-374. [PMID: 36795228 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common form of skin cancer in the United States. In life-threatening, advanced BCC, sonic hedgehog inhibitors (SSHis) remain a pre-eminent treatment option for locally advanced BCC and metastatic BCC. OBJECTIVE In this updated systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to better characterize the efficacy and safety of SSHis by including final updates from pivotal clinical trials and additional new recent studies. METHODS An electronic database search was performed for articles including clinical trials, prospective case series, and retrospective medical record reviews on human subjects. Overall response rates (ORRs) and complete response rates (CRRs) were the primary outcomes. For safety assessment, the prevalence of the following adverse effects was analyzed: muscle spasms, dysgeusia, alopecia, weight loss, fatigue, nausea, myalgias, vomiting, skin squamous cell carcinoma, increased creatine kinase, diarrhea, decreased appetite, and amenorrhea. Analyses were performed using R statistical software. Data were pooled using linear models with fixed effects meta-analysis for primary analyses, along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-values. Intermolecular differences were calculated using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 22 studies (N = 2384 patients) were included in the meta-analysis: 19 studies assessing both efficacy and safety, 2 studies assessing safety only, and 1 study assessing efficacy only. Overall, the pooled ORR for all patients was 64.9% (95% CI 48.2-81.6%), implicating there is at least a partial response (z = 7.60, p < 0.0001) in most patients receiving SSHis. The ORR for vismodegib was 68.5% and 50.1% for sonidegib. The most common adverse effects for vismodegib and sonidegib were muscle spasms (70.5% and 61.0%, respectively), dysgeusia (58.4% and 48.6%, respectively), and alopecia (59.9% and 51.1%, respectively). Patients were likely to experience weight loss (35.1%, p < 0.0001) from vismodegib. Alternatively, patients taking sonidegib experienced more nausea, diarrhea, increased creatine kinase levels, and decreased appetite compared with those receiving vismodegib. CONCLUSION SSHis are an effective treatment for advanced BCC disease. Given the high discontinuation rates, management of patient expectations is warranted for compliance and achieving long-term efficacy. It is essential to stay updated with the latest discoveries on the efficacy and safety of SSHis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Nguyen
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pingxing Xie
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Division of Dermatology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Chemin de la Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.
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24
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Conte S, Lagacé F, Ghazawi FM, Cattelan L, Nath S, Dhillon J, Nedjar H, Rahme E, Sasseville D, Burnier MN, Litvinov IV. Uveal melanoma incidence trends in Canada: 1992-2010 vs. 2011-2017. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1001799. [PMID: 36760885 PMCID: PMC9902509 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1001799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aims Uveal melanoma is the most common type of non-cutaneous melanoma and the most common ocular malignancy in the adult population, especially affecting Caucasians (98% of cases). Despite its low incidence rate, we have noted increasing incidence trends in recent years. Methods We analyzed uveal melanoma incidence data using the Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) for 2011-2017 years. The data was examined using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition, codes for all uveal melanoma subtypes. The data for 2011-2017 was then compared to previously published work by our research group for uveal melanoma incidence in Canada between 1992 and 2010 using the same methodology. Results Between 2011 and 2017, 1,215 patients were diagnosed with uveal melanoma, 49% of whom were females. The percentage distribution of uveal melanoma between the sexes was similar between 1992-2010 and 2011-2017, whereby of the 2,215 diagnoses of uveal melanoma in 1992-2010, 47.9% were females. The change in the incidence rate for this cancer has doubled between 1992-2010 and 2011-2017, from 0.074 to 0.15 cases per million individuals per year. Our study documents that the Canadian 2011-2017 age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) for uveal melanoma against the World Health Organization (WHO) 2000-2025 world population standard was 5.09 cases per million individuals per year (95% confidence interval, 4.73-5.44), as compared with the 1992-2010 rate of 3.34 cases per million individuals per year (95% confidence interval, CI 3.20 to 3.47). Conclusion This work demonstrates an ongoing, steady increase in uveal melanoma incidence in Canada in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina Conte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Feras M. Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Leila Cattelan
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Siddharth Nath
- Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jobanpreet Dhillon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hacene Nedjar
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Miguel N. Burnier
- Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada,Miguel N. Burnier Jr,
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada,Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Ivan V. Litvinov,
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25
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Azar M, Lagacé F, Muntyanu A, Netchiporouk E, Zhou Y, Lynde C, Moreau L, Mathieu S, Sasseville D, Asiniwasis R, Shear NH, Gniadecki R, Rahme E, Litvinov IV. Measuring h-index and scholarly productivity in academic dermatology in Canada. Scientometrics 2022; 128:1071-1090. [PMID: 37033383 PMCID: PMC10077966 DOI: 10.1007/s11192-022-04589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Promotion in academia heavily relies on research productivity. The h-index is a standardized metric used to quantify research productivity at the individual level. We evaluated factors associated with h -index in dermatology across select Canadian academic centers with special focus on sex and academic rank. Medical academic centers throughout Canada with dermatology training programs were included. For each faculty member, we extracted the following data from public sources: sex, graduate degree, academic rank, years since the Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (FRCPC) certification or equivalent, recent Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) funding and H-index (based on Scopus author profile). Log-linear univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between h-index and these factors. An ordinal logistic regression was performed to explore sex differences in academic ranking. Our results showed that out of 300 faculty members across Canada, 155 were females (51.67%) and 145 were male (48.33%). H-index was available for 279 dermatologists. The average h-index was 8.35 (SD 11.53) and the median was 4.00 (1st quartile = 2.00, 3rd quartile = 10.00). Higher h-index was associated with more years since dermatology certification, successive academic rank, graduate degree and recent CIHR funding, but not with sex. In conclusion, h-index was not associated with sex when controlling for potential confounders. These results could reflect recent demographic changes in the field with an increase in newly appointed female dermatologists. Longitudinal assessment of academic productivity in dermatology is needed to assess the impact of continued efforts to promote equal opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleine Azar
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francois Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Youwen Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Charles Lynde
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Linda Moreau
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Steve Mathieu
- Division of Dermatology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Rachel Asiniwasis
- Division of Dermatology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Neil H. Shear
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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26
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Muntyanu A, Le M, Ridha Z, O’Brien E, Litvinov IV, Lefrançois P, Netchiporouk E. Novel role of long non-coding RNAs in autoimmune cutaneous disease. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:487-504. [PMID: 34346026 PMCID: PMC9733767 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) are a heterogeneous group of chronic multisystem inflammatory disorders that are thought to have a complex pathophysiology, which is not yet fully understood. Recently, the role of non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been of particular interest in the pathogenesis of SARDs. We aimed to summarize the potential roles of lncRNA in SARDs affecting the skin including, systemic sclerosis (SSc), dermatomyositis (DM) and cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). We conducted a narrative review summarizing original articles published until July 19, 2021, regarding lncRNA associated with SSc, DM, and CLE. Several lncRNAs were hypothesized to play an important role in disease pathogenesis of SSc, DM and CLE. In SSc, Negative Regulator of IFN Response (NRIR) was thought to modulate Interferon (IFN) response in monocytes, anti-sense gene to X-inactivation specific transcript (TSIX) to regulate increased collagen stability, HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) to increase numbers of myofibroblasts, OTUD6B-Anti-Sense RNA 1 to decrease fibroblast apoptosis, ncRNA00201 to regulate pathways in SSc pathogenesis and carcinogenesis, H19X potentiating TGF-β-driven extracellular matrix production, and finally PSMB8-AS1 potentiates IFN response. In DM, linc-DGCR6-1 expression was hypothesized to target the USP18 protein, a type 1 IFN-inducible protein that is considered a key regulator of IFN signaling. Additionally, AL136018.1 is suggested to regulate the expression Cathepsin G, which increases the permeability of vascular endothelial cells and the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells in peripheral blood and muscle tissue in DM. Lastly, lnc-MIPOL1-6 and lnc-DDX47-3 in discoid CLE were thought to be associated with the expression of chemokines, which are significant in Th1 mediated disease. In this review, we summarize the key lncRNAs that may drive pathogenesis of these connective tissue diseases and could potentially serve as therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Division Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- Division Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
| | - Zainab Ridha
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Laval, Québec, QC Canada
| | - Elizabeth O’Brien
- Division Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Division Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4 Canada
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27
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Brooks SG, Pawluk MA, Litvinov IV, Fradette J, Chan AW, Philip A, Croitoru D, Richardson KC. Informing a Canadian Skin Science Trainee Program Based on the State of Trainee Programs Offered by International Academic Societies. J Cutan Med Surg 2022; 27:20-27. [PMID: 36408849 PMCID: PMC9902982 DOI: 10.1177/12034754221137570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For dermatology to effectively address the ever-growing medical needs, longstanding communication barriers across investigators working in different research pillars and practicing clinicians must be improved. To address this problem, trainee-specific programs are now evolving to align their educational landscape across basic science, translational and clinical research programs. OBJECTIVES To establish a Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada) training roadmap for the career and skill development of future clinicians, clinican scientists and basic scientists in Canada. This Working Group aims to strengthen and harmonize collaborations and capacity across the skin research community. METHODS The Working Group conducted a search of established international academic societies which offered trainee programs with mandates similar to SkIN Canada. Societies' program items and meetings were evaluated by use of an interview survey and/or the collection of publicly available data. Program logistics, objectives and feedback were assessed for commonalities and factors reported or determined to improve trainee experience. RESULTS Through the various factors explored, the Working Group discovered the need for increasing program accessibility, creating opportunities for soft skill development, emphasizing the importance of current challenges, collecting and responding to feedback, and improving knowledge sharing to bridge pillars of skin research. CONCLUSIONS Although improvements have been made to trainee education in recent years, a plurality of approaches exist and many of the underlying roadblocks remain unresolved. To establish fundamental clinician-basic scientist collaboration and training efforts, this Working Group highlights important factors to include and consider in building a trainee program and emphasizes the importance of trainee education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie G. Brooks
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan A. Pawluk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- SkIN Canada Training Committee, Canada, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Fradette
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l’Université Laval/LOEX, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - An-Wen Chan
- SkIN Canada Training Committee, Canada, Women’s College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anie Philip
- SkIN Canada Training Committee, Canada, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Croitoru
- SkIN Canada Training Committee, Canada, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,David Croitoru, Women’s College Hospital, 76 Grenville St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 1B2, Canada;
| | - Katlyn C. Richardson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, SkIN Canada Training Committee, Canada,Katlyn C. Richardson, ICORD Centre, Blusson Spinal Cord Centre, 818 West 10th Ave. Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
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28
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Chang J, Litvinov IV, Ly C, Netchiporouk E, Tsoukas A, Thuraisingam T, Starr M, Powell M, Christodoulou G, Shamout Y. Utilization of the Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST): A Risk Stratification Strategy for Early Referral of Psoriatic Arthritis Patients to Minimize Irreversible Erosive Joint Damage. J Cutan Med Surg 2022; 26:600-603. [PMID: 36214337 PMCID: PMC9729972 DOI: 10.1177/12034754221128796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) can affect a diverse range of anatomical sites and its heterogeneous presentation contributes to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment with conventional and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Up to 15% of psoriasis (PsO) patients affected by PsA remain undiagnosed. Early detection and referral to a rheumatologist are crucial to optimize care and minimize irreversible erosive joint damage. To improve the rheumatology referral process, the authors propose a risk stratification tool to identify and triage patients with possible psoriatic arthritis. With the aim of ultimately assisting in early treatment initiation, this risk stratification algorithm can be used in both dermatology and primary care clinics. It is based on the Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST) combined with the ClASsification criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR). This article intends to provide a rationale for further prospective studies whose objective would be to validate this screening algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christina Ly
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Michael Starr
- Division of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Powell
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Yassein Shamout
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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29
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Gooderham MJ, Hong HCH, Litvinov IV. Selective TYK2 Inhibition in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis. Skin Therapy Lett 2022; 27:1-5. [PMID: 36469536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis may be difficult to control using current therapies, which has led to development of a novel class of therapy, selective tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitors, to address this unmet need. Oral deucravacitinib is a first-inclass selective TYK2 inhibitor, which has shown efficacy in moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis from two phase III pivotal trials (POETYK PSO-1 and PSO-2), whereby response rates were significantly higher with deucravacitinib vs. placebo or apremilast for Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) 75 and static Physician's Global Assessment (sPGA) 0/1. Deucravacitinib was generally well tolerated and safe compared to placebo and apremilast. Although deucravacitinib is a type of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, it only blocks specific cytokine-driven responses, potentially reducing off-target effects more commonly associated with other JAK inhibitors on the market. Incidence rates of serious adverse events, such as serious infections, malignancies, thrombosis, cardiovascular events, creatinine kinase elevation, hematologic changes, and lipid profile abnormalities were absent or low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda J Gooderham
- Skin Centre for Dermatology, Peterborough, ON, Canada
- Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - H Chih-Ho Hong
- Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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30
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Ramchatesingh B, Martínez Villarreal A, Arcuri D, Lagacé F, Setah SA, Touma F, Al-Badarin F, Litvinov IV. The Use of Retinoids for the Prevention and Treatment of Skin Cancers: An Updated Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012622. [PMID: 36293471 PMCID: PMC9603842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoids are natural and synthetic vitamin A derivatives that are effective for the prevention and the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). NMSCs constitute a heterogenous group of non-melanocyte-derived skin cancers that impose substantial burdens on patients and healthcare systems. They include entities such as basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (collectively called keratinocyte carcinomas), cutaneous lymphomas and Kaposi’s sarcoma among others. The retinoid signaling pathway plays influential roles in skin physiology and pathology. These compounds regulate diverse biological processes within the skin, including proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis and immune regulation. Collectively, retinoids can suppress skin carcinogenesis. Both topical and systemic retinoids have been investigated in clinical trials as NMSC prophylactics and treatments. Desirable efficacy and tolerability in clinical trials have prompted health regulatory bodies to approve the use of retinoids for NMSC management. Acceptable off-label uses of these compounds as drugs for skin cancers are also described. This review is a comprehensive outline on the biochemistry of retinoids, their activities in the skin, their effects on cancer cells and their adoption in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Domenico Arcuri
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Samy Abu Setah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Fadi Touma
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Faris Al-Badarin
- Faculté de Médicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0V6, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Muntyanu A, Milan R, Rahme E, LaChance A, Ouchene L, Cormier M, Litvinov IV, Hudson M, Baron M, Netchiporouk E. Exposure to silica and systemic sclerosis: A retrospective cohort study based on the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:984907. [PMID: 36250083 PMCID: PMC9556811 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.984907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is thought to be induced by an environmental trigger in genetically predisposed individuals. This study assessed the demographic and clinical characteristics and disease severity of silica exposed SSc patients.MethodsData was obtained from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG) cohort, containing 1,439 patients (2004–2019). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, to determine the phenotype and severity of silica-exposed SSc patients. Mortality was assessed using Cox Survival Regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.ResultsAmong 1,439 patients (86.7% females), 95 patients reported exposure to silica. Those exposed were younger, of male sex and with more severe disease. Sex differences were observed where male patients exposed to silica were more likely to be Caucasian and smokers whereas female patients were younger at SSc diagnosis compared to unexposed. Multivariate regression, controlled for multiple confounders, showed that silica exposure was associated with a younger age at diagnosis and worse disease severity and mortality.ConclusionExposure to silica was reported in ∼7% of CSRG cohort and ∼20% of male patients and was associated with a worse prognosis in terms of age of diagnosis, organ involvement and mortality. Hence, screening for silica exposure among higher risk individuals may be beneficial and these patients may require closer monitoring for systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Raymond Milan
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Avery LaChance
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lydia Ouchene
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Cormier
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Ivan V. Litvinov,
| | - Marie Hudson
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Murray Baron
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - the Canadian Scleroderma Research GroupBaronM.HudsonM.GygerG.PopeJ.LarcheM.KhalidiN.MasettoA.SuttonE.Rodriguez ReynaT. S.MaltezN.ThorneC.FortinP. R.IkicA.RobinsonD.JonesN.LeClercqS.DochertyP.SmithD.FritzlerM. J.Montreal, Quebec; Montreal, Quebec; Montreal, Quebec; London, Ontario; Hamilton, Ontario; Hamilton, Ontario; Sherbrooke, Quebec; Halifax, Nova Scotia; Mexico City, Mexico; Ottawa, Ontario; Newmarket, Ontario; Quebec, Quebec; Quebec, Quebec; Winnipeg, Manitoba; Edmonton, Alberta; Calgary, Alberta; Moncton, New Brunswick; Ottawa, Ontario; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta.
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Arcuri D, Lagaçe F, Sassevile D, Litvinov IV. A pharmacovigilance study of terbinafine indication and liver enzyme elevation. JAAD Int 2022; 8:114-115. [PMID: 35875392 PMCID: PMC9305324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdin.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Muntyanu A, Nechaev V, Pastukhova E, Logan J, Rahme E, Netchiporouk E, Zubarev A, Litvinov IV. Risk factors and communities disproportionately affected by cervical cancer in the Russian Federation: A national population-based study. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 20:100454. [PMID: 35813967 PMCID: PMC9256716 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer in women of childbearing age worldwide. A substantial fraction of cervical cancer is associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and is preventable through vaccination and screening. The aim of the study is to describe geographic and epidemiologic trends in incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in Russia during 2007–2018. Methods Publicly accessible data from the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute and the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation for 2007–2018 was used for this study. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates were analyzed using descriptive statistics and results were mapped to determine the geographic distribution. Potential contributing risk factors in the population were studied using univariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses. Findings A total of 187,013 patients were diagnosed with cervical cancer in Russia between 2007 and 2018. The average age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR) were 15.70/100,000 and 5.76/100,000 females, respectively, with a 27% increase in the incidence observed between 2007 and 2018. The highest ASIR was observed in the Far Eastern Federal District and the lowest in the Central Federal District. Multivariate model for cervical cancer ASIR showed that daily smoking (p = 0·0003) and syphilis (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with cervical cancer incidence. Interpretation The incidence of cervical cancer in Russia is rising at a significant pace. This trend can in part be attributed to a lack of nationwide cervical cancer screening . The presented results are valuable for informing public health policy on HPV vaccinations, smoking prevention and cervical cancer screening as urgent interventions are needed to combat a troubling trend. Funding This work was supported by the Cancer Research Society (CRS)-Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) Partnership Grant #25343 to Dr. Litvinov. Canadian Dermatology Foundation research grant to Dr. Litvinov, and by the Fonds de la recherche du Québec – Santé to Dr. Sasseville (#22648) and to Dr. Litvinov (#34753 and #36769). This research was further supported by the CIHR Catalyst Grant #428712 to Dr. Litvinov.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Pastukhova
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Andrei Zubarev
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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Lagacé F, Netchiporouk E, Turchin I, Gulliver W, Dutz J, Kirchhof MG, Popradi P, Gniadecki R, Lynde C, Litvinov IV. Extracorporeal Photopheresis and Its Use in Clinical Dermatology in Canada. Skin Therapy Lett 2022; 27:1-6. [PMID: 36469458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an immunomodulatory therapy that has been used for over 35 years to treat numerous conditions. ECP was initially approved by the US FDA in 1988 for the treatment of Sézary syndrome, a leukemic form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Although CTCL remains the only FDA-approved indication, ECP has since been used off-label for numerous other conditions, including graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), systemic sclerosis, autoimmune bullous dermatoses, Crohn's disease, and prevention of solid organ transplant rejection. In Canada, ECP is mainly used to treat CTCL, acute and chronic GvHD, and in some instances systemic sclerosis. Herein, we review the current concepts regarding ECP mechanism of action, treatment considerations and protocols, and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Irina Turchin
- Brunswick Dermatology Center, Fredericton, NB, Canada
- Division of Clinical Dermatology & Cutaneous Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada
- Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Wayne Gulliver
- Department of Dermatology, Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Jan Dutz
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark G Kirchhof
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Popradi Popradi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Charles Lynde
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Prosty C, Gabrielli S, Ben-Shoshan M, Le M, Giménez-Arnau AM, Litvinov IV, Lefrançois P, Netchiporouk E. In silico Identification of Immune Cell-Types and Pathways Involved in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:926753. [PMID: 35872776 PMCID: PMC9302568 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.926753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immunopathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is poorly understood, but recent research suggests that patients can be divided into autoallergic and autoimmune subtypes. Given that not all patients can be controlled with current treatment regimens, including anti-IgE monoclonal antibodies, a better understanding of the immune pathways involved in CSU may enable the repurposing of monoclonal antibodies used for other dermatologic diseases (e.g., Th2 and Th17 inhibitors). Therefore, we investigated the implicated immune cells and pathways by reanalyzing publicly available transcriptomic data. Methods Microarray data of CSU and healthy control (HC) skin and blood were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE72542, GSE57178). Differentially expressed genes were defined as a false discovery rate <0.05 and a |log2 fold change| ≥1. Pathway analyses were conducted using ToppGene and KEGG. Cell-type enrichment was determined by CIBERSORT and xCell and was correlated with clinical characteristics. Results Th2 (IL-4/13 signaling) and Th17-related (IL-17/23 signaling) pathways were upregulated in lesional compared to non-lesional and HC samples. In non-lesional versus lesional samples, CIBERSORT analysis revealed increased regulatory T-cells (Treg) and resting mast cells. xCell analysis established that Th1 and Th2 scores were not significantly different between lesional and HC samples. However, Th2 scores in both lesional and non-lesional samples correlated positively with disease severity. Few differentially expressed genes and pathways were identified between CSU and HC blood samples. Conclusion Our results support the involvement of Th2 and Th17-related genes and pathways in CSU. Th2 scores associate with disease severity, which indicates the clinical relevance of these findings. Increased resting mast cell and Treg scores in non-lesional samples may suggest local suppression of wheal formation. Moreover, disease activity seemed to be restricted to the skin as there were limited findings from blood. Larger studies using next-generation sequencing will be helpful to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Prosty
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sofianne Gabrielli
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Gantchev J, Villarreal AM, Ramchatesingh B, Litvinov IV. Abstract 98: The role of HORMAD1 in transformation of keratinocytes following vemurafenib treatment. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) therapies are highly effective treatments for metastatic melanoma. However, BRAFi monotherapies are associated with a significant risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development in melanoma patients. Consequently, BRAF inhibition results in an unanticipated activation of the MAPK pathway in surrounding cells that harbour wildtype BRAF. Fortunately, a combination approach with both a BRAFi and the selective MAPK inhibitor (MEKi), trametinib, attenuates BRAFi-induced risk of SCCs. Despite the fact that this combination therapy is widely used in clinical practice, the mechanisms associated with SCC induction and why this effect is attenuated with a MEK inhibitor remain poorly understood. HORMAD1, a meiosis specific gene, has been shown to have an impact on genomic instability and proliferation in the development of SCCs. Moreover, recent work in our lab has demonstrated that the MAPK pathway regulates HORMAD1 expression in SCC cell lines. Therefore, we sought to investigate a potential role of HORMAD1 in the risk and development of SCCs as a mechanism of BRAFi that is attenuated with the co-administration of the MEKi, trametinib. Using the BRAFi, vemurafenib, we inhibited the kinase activity of activated BRAF (V600E) and the MEKi, trametinib to evaluate the expression of HORMAD1 in melanoma and normal keratinocyte cell lines. To determine the effects of these two inhibitors, a cell proliferation assay was conducted followed by the evaluation of various components of cell cycle regulation and genomic instability. We found that HORMAD1 protein expression levels increased following treatment with the BRAFi, vemurafenib, in the normal keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, but not in the melanoma cell line, A375. In contrast, HORMAD1 expression decreased following treatment with the MEKi, trametinib in both HaCaT and A375. Cell proliferation assays depict a vulnerability to both vemurafenib and trametinib in both normal and melanoma cell lines, however, HaCaT cells appear to be more susceptible to increased levels of genomic instability following treatment with vemurafenib when compared to A375. Our results suggest that HORMAD1 likely plays a key role in the development of SCCs by increasing genomic instability and proliferation in normal keratinocytes following BRAFi monotreatment. The increased risk of SCC formation is attenuated by dampening HORMAD1 levels with the co-administration of the MEKi, trametinib.
Citation Format: Jennifer Gantchev, Amelia Martinez Villarreal, Brandon Ramchatesingh, Ivan V. Litvinov. The role of HORMAD1 in transformation of keratinocytes following vemurafenib treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 98.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Gantchev
- 1Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RIMUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Brandon Ramchatesingh
- 1Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (RIMUHC), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Berman-Rosa M, Logan J, Ghazawi FM, Le M, Conte S, Netchiporouk E, Mukovozov IM, Cyr J, Mourad A, Miller WH, Claveau J, Salopek TG, Gniadecki R, Sasseville D, Rahme E, Lagacé F, Litvinov IV. Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada. Dermatology 2022; 238:1006-1017. [PMID: 35679838 PMCID: PMC9677843 DOI: 10.1159/000524949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 90% of skin cancers including cutaneous melanoma (CM) are related directly to sun exposure. Despite extensive knowledge on ultraviolet radiation's (UVR) detrimental impact, many still fail to implement sun protection/sun avoidance. Human behavior, attitudes, and cultural norms of individuals and communities heavily depend on the surrounding climate/environment. In many instances, the climate shapes the culture/norms of the society. Canada has vast geographic/environmental differences. METHODS In the current ecological study, we sought to examine the relationship between various geographic and environmental factors and the distribution of CM incidence by Forward Sortation Area (FSA) postal code across Canada. CM incidence data were extracted from the Canadian Cancer Registry, while environmental data were extracted from the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium (greenspace, as measured by the normalized difference vegetation index; annual highest temperature; absolute number and average length of yearly heat events; annual total precipitation [rain and snow]; absolute number and average length of events with precipitation [rain and snow]; and summer UVR index). The above geographic/environmental data by FSA were correlated with the respective CM incidence employing negative binomial regression model. RESULTS Our analysis highlights that increases in annual average temperature, summer UVR, and greenspace were associated with higher expected incidence of CM cases, while higher number of annual heat events together with highest annual temperature and higher average number of annual rain events were associated with a decrease in CM incidence rate. This study also highlights regional variation in environmental CM risk factors in Canada. CONCLUSIONS This national population-based study presents clinically relevant conclusions on weather/geographic variations associated with CM incidence in Canada and will help refine targeted CM prevention campaigns by understanding unique weather/geographic variations in high-risk regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Logan
- Independent Consultant, MGIS, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Feras M. Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Santina Conte
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Ilya M. Mukovozov
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Janelle Cyr
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ahmed Mourad
- Division of Dermatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wilson H. Miller
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Joël Claveau
- Division of Dermatology, Laval University, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thomas G. Salopek
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Conte S, Ghazawi FM, Le M, Nedjar H, Alakel A, Lagacé F, Mukovozov IM, Cyr J, Mourad A, Miller WH, Claveau J, Salopek TG, Netchiporouk E, Gniadecki R, Sasseville D, Rahme E, Litvinov IV. Population-Based Study Detailing Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence and Mortality Trends in Canada. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:830254. [PMID: 35308490 PMCID: PMC8927870 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.830254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is one of the most fatal types of skin cancer. Alarmingly, increases in incidence and mortality were noted globally for this malignancy, despite increase in understanding of melanoma pathogenesis and enhanced prevention efforts. Methods Data was extracted for CM patients for provinces and territories (except Quebec) using two independent, population-based registries. Analysis was performed using both clinical and pathological characteristics: tumor morphologic classification, age, sex, anatomic site affected and place of residence. Mortality trends were assessed over a 7-year period. Results were compared to prior findings for 1992-2010. Results During 2011-2017 39,610 patients were diagnosed with CM, with 5,890 reported deaths. National crude CM incidence was 20.75 (age-standardized incidence: 14.12) cases per 100,000 individuals per year. Females accounted for 45.8% of cases and 37.1% of deaths. While CM incidence rates continue to increase in both sexes, since 2013 the CM mortality is declining. We observed important differences across the provinces/territories, where Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, southern Ontario/British Columbia and certain coastal communities of New Brunswick demonstrated higher CM incidence and mortality rates. The observed incidence and mortality trends for 2011-2017 validate and extend earlier observations from 1992 to 2010 for CM. Conclusion This population-based study highlights that while melanoma's incidence is increasing in Canada, mortality rates are for the first time decreasing since 2013. We detail regional distribution of this cancer highlighting communities in southern/coastal areas, as being most at risk as well as the latest trends of melanoma incidence by age, sex and anatomic site. In males, melanoma is more common on the head/trunk, while in females on the extremities. Notably, Acral Lentiginous Melanoma was the only CM subtype that was more common in females, which primarily affects hands and feet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santina Conte
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hacene Nedjar
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Akram Alakel
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ilya M Mukovozov
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Janelle Cyr
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmed Mourad
- Division of Dermatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Joël Claveau
- Division of Dermatology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas G Salopek
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Robert Gniadecki
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Milan R, LeLorier J, Brouillette MJ, Holbrook A, Litvinov IV, Rahme E. Sex Differences in the Patterns of Systemic Agent use Among Patients With Psoriasis: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Quebec, Canada. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:810309. [PMID: 35242034 PMCID: PMC8886891 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.810309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sex differences exist in psoriasis manifestation and expectations from treatment with systemic agents, including, conventional systemic agents (CSA) and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors or ustekinumab (TNFi/UST). However, sex differences in patterns of systemic agent use, such as CSA discontinuation and switch from CSA to TNFi/UST have not been examined. Objectives: To assess sex differences in patterns of CSA use and identify factors associated with switch to (or add) a TNFi/UST and those associated with CSA discontinuation. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Quebec health administrative databases. We included patients with psoriasis initiating a CSA in 2002–2015. We excluded patients with a psoriasis diagnosis in the 3 years prior to the first diagnosis date between 2002 and 2015, and those with a systemic agent dispensation in the year prior to that date. We used Cox regression models with the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator method to identify factors associated with Switch/add TNFi/UST, and those associated with CSA discontinuation. Separate analyses were performed for male and female patients. Results: We included 1,644 patients (55.7% females, mean age 60.3 years), among whom 60.4% discontinued their CSA and 7.4%, switched/added TNFi/UST (3.4% switched and 4.0% added) within a median of 0.78 years of follow-up. Among male and female patients, rates of Switch/add TNFi/UST per 1,000 person-year were 49.1 and 41.0 and rates of CSA discontinuation were 381.2 and 352.8. Clinical obesity in male patients (HR 3.53, 95% CI 1.20–10.35), and adjustment/somatoform/dissociative disorders (HR 3.17, 95% CI 1.28–7.85) and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (HR 2.70, 95% CI 1.56–4.70) in female patients were associated with Switch/add TNFi/UST. Male patients followed by a rheumatologist (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46–0.94) and those with a prior hospitalization (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57–0.87) were at lower risk of CSA discontinuation, while those initiated on acitretin (vs methotrexate) were at higher risk to discontinue their CSA (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.30–2.01). Female patients with rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.93), those with a dispensed lipid-lowering agent (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.59–0.88) and hypoglycemic agent (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57–0.98) and those initiated on methotrexate (vs all other CSAs) were less likely to discontinue their CSA. Male and female patients entering the cohort between 2011 and 2015 were at reduced risk of CSA discontinuation compared to those entering the cohort before 2011. Conclusion: Most male and female patients discontinued their CSA within 1 year of follow-up. Our study highlighted sex differences in patients’ characteristics associated with switch/add a TNFi/UST and CSA discontinuation; treatment switch and discontinuation may be indications of treatment failure in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Milan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques LeLorier
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Du Centre Hospitalier De L'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Brouillette
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anne Holbrook
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Rahme
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Merati N, Sivachandran S, Jfri A, Ben-Shoshan M, Vinh DC, Popradi G, Litvinov IV. Plerixafor on a WHIM - Promise or Fantasy of a New CXCR4 Inhibitor for This Rare, but Important Syndrome? Skin Therapy Lett 2022; 27:1-5. [PMID: 35385630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections and Myelokathexis (WHIM) is a primary immunodeficiency syndrome. Patients with WHIM syndrome are more susceptible to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and commonly present to a dermatologist with recalcitrant to treatment warts. Other cardinal features of WHIM syndrome include recurrent sinopulmonary bacterial infections, neutropenia/lymphopenia, low levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) and myelokathexis. Research demonstrated that truncating gain-of-function mutations of the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 gene (CXCR4) are responsible for this disease. Plerixafor, a specific small molecule antagonist of CXCR4, is currently used for peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilization in stem cell transplant recipients. It has recently shown promise for the treatment of WHIM syndrome in phase I/II clinical trials. In this paper we review the emerging patient clinical data for this medication and highlight the role of CXCR4 in other important skin diseases including keratinocyte carcinomas, psoriasis and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickoo Merati
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Abdulhadi Jfri
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gizelle Popradi
- Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Conte S, Lagacé F, Netchiporouk E, Sasseville D, Litvinov IV. Common Personal Care Products Contaminated With Benzene, a Known Human Carcinogen, Identified Recently. J Cutan Med Surg 2022; 26:430-431. [DOI: 10.1177/12034754221083977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santina Conte
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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42
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Gill RPK, Gantchev J, Martínez Villarreal A, Ramchatesingh B, Netchiporouk E, Akilov OE, Ødum N, Gniadecki R, Koralov SB, Litvinov IV. Understanding Cell Lines, Patient-Derived Xenograft and Genetically Engineered Mouse Models Used to Study Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040593. [PMID: 35203244 PMCID: PMC8870189 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders caused by the infiltration of malignant T cells into the skin. The most common variants of CTCL include mycosis fungoides (MF), Sézary syndrome (SS) and CD30+ Lymphoproliferative disorders (CD30+ LPDs). CD30+ LPDs include primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL), lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and borderline CD30+ LPD. The frequency of MF, SS and CD30+ LPDs is ~40–50%, <5% and ~10–25%, respectively. Despite recent advances, CTCL remains challenging to diagnose. The mechanism of CTCL carcinogenesis still remains to be fully elucidated. Hence, experiments in patient-derived cell lines and xenografts/genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are critical to advance our understanding of disease pathogenesis. To enable this, understanding the intricacies and limitations of each individual model system is highly important. Presently, 11 immortalized patient-derived cell lines and different xenograft/GEMMs are being used to study the pathogenesis of CTCL and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of various treatment modalities prior to clinical trials. Gene expression studies, and the karyotyping analyses of cell lines demonstrated that the molecular profile of SeAx, Sez4, SZ4, H9 and Hut78 is consistent with SS origin; MyLa and HH resemble the molecular profile of advanced MF, while Mac2A and PB2B represent CD30+ LPDs. Molecular analysis of the other two frequently used Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus-1 (HTLV-1)+ cell lines, MJ and Hut102, were found to have characteristics of Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL). Studies in mouse models demonstrated that xenograft tumors could be grown using MyLa, HH, H9, Hut78, PB2B and SZ4 cells in NSG (NOD Scid gamma mouse) mice, while several additional experimental GEMMs were established to study the pathogenesis, effect of drugs and inflammatory cytokines in CTCL. The current review summarizes cell lines and xenograft/GEMMs used to study and understand the etiology and heterogeneity of CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Preet Kaur Gill
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (R.P.K.G.); (J.G.); (A.M.V.); (B.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Jennifer Gantchev
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (R.P.K.G.); (J.G.); (A.M.V.); (B.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Amelia Martínez Villarreal
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (R.P.K.G.); (J.G.); (A.M.V.); (B.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Brandon Ramchatesingh
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (R.P.K.G.); (J.G.); (A.M.V.); (B.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (R.P.K.G.); (J.G.); (A.M.V.); (B.R.); (E.N.)
| | - Oleg E. Akilov
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Niels Ødum
- Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada;
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Sergei B. Koralov
- Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (R.P.K.G.); (J.G.); (A.M.V.); (B.R.); (E.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +514-934-1934 (ext. 76140); Fax: +514-843-1570
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Muntyanu A, Ouchene L, Zhou S, Hudson M, Rezaeian M, LaChance A, Litvinov IV, Baron M, Netchiporouk E. Geographical Distribution of Systemic Sclerosis in Canada: An Ecological Study based on the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group. J Am Acad Dermatol 2022; 87:1095-1097. [PMID: 35031410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Muntyanu
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lydia Ouchene
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Siriu Zhou
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Hudson
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rezaeian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environment Research Center, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Avery LaChance
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Murray Baron
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Mahmood F, Bendayan S, Ghazawi FM, Litvinov IV. Editorial: The Emerging Role of Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:751649. [PMID: 34869445 PMCID: PMC8635630 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.751649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Mahmood
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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45
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Barolet AC, Litvinov IV, Barolet D. Light-induced nitric oxide release in the skin beyond UVA and blue light: Red & near-infrared wavelengths. Nitric Oxide 2021; 117:16-25. [PMID: 34536586 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is omnipresent in the body and synthesized by 3 isoenzymes (nNOS, eNOS and iNOS), all detected in human skin. NO can be stored in a pool of compounds readily converted to NO following skin irradiation by UVR and blue light. This non-enzymatic (without NOS involvement) photolytic reaction mobilizes cutaneous stores of NO derivatives to the bloodstream, lowering blood pressure. However, with the likelihood of skin deleterious effects caused by UVR/blue light, safer wavelengths in the red/near-infrared (NIR) spectrum are becoming potential contenders to release cutaneous NO, possibly via NOS temperature-dependent effects. The use of red/NIR light to mobilize NO stores from the body's largest organ (the skin) is auspicious. This review focuses on UVR, blue, red, and NIR spectra and their capacity to release NO in human skin. PubMed and Google Scholar were used as article databases to find relevant publications related to this particular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Barolet
- Deptartment of Surgery, Experimental Surgery Graduate Training Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - I V Litvinov
- Deptartment of Surgery, Experimental Surgery Graduate Training Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Deptartment of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Graduate Training Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Barolet
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; RoseLab Skin Optics Research Laboratory, Laval, Quebec, Canada
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D'Aguanno K, Muntyanu A, Ouchene L, Litvinov IV, Netchiporouk E. In Preparation for Biosimilar "Switch" Policy: How to Mitigate the Nocebo Effect. J Cutan Med Surg 2021; 26:203-205. [PMID: 34649465 DOI: 10.1177/12034754211048674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasiya Muntyanu
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lydia Ouchene
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elena Netchiporouk
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Xiao Y, Cattelan L, Lagacé F, Ghazawi FM, Alakel A, Grose E, Le M, Nechaev V, Sasseville D, Waschke K, Litvinov IV. Epidemiologic trends and geographic distribution of patients with gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract cancers in Canada. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:1541-1549. [PMID: 33863655 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder and biliary tract cancers are rare malignancies that carry a poor prognosis. Research on their epidemiologic trends is scarce. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of the data in Canada using population-based cancer registries from 1992 to 2010. The incidence and mortality of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancers were examined at the levels of provinces/territories, cities, and Forward Sortation Area (FSA) postal codes. RESULTS The incidence and mortality rates decreased over the study period. The average national incidence rate of gallbladder and biliary tract cancers was 30.92 cases per million individuals per year. Higher than average incidence rates were observed in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Québec; there were contiguous regions with high incidence in Saskatchewan and Manitoba that suggest an area of putative case clustering. Higher incidence of gallbladder cancer was observed in women, whereas higher incidence of extrahepatic bile duct cancers was noted in men. Lower socioeconomic status and Hispanic race were found to be risk factors for gallbladder and biliary tract cancers. CONCLUSION This is the first study to analyze the burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancers in Canada. The geographic clustering trends present new avenues for research on environmental triggers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasi Xiao
- Division of Internal Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Leila Cattelan
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francois Lagacé
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Akram Alakel
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Elysia Grose
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Le
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Waschke
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Zhou S, Sivachandran S, Sikorski D, Xu HH, Lagacé F, Claveau J, Salopek TG, Gniadecki R, Litvinov IV. Reflex Molecular Testing in Melanoma Diagnosis: When Should BRAF Mutation Testing Be Ordered and Who Should Order It? J Cutan Med Surg 2021; 26:201-202. [PMID: 34494908 DOI: 10.1177/12034754211045380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zhou
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Daniel Sikorski
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hong Hao Xu
- 4440 Division of Dermatology, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - François Lagacé
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joël Claveau
- 4440 Division of Dermatology, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Thomas G Salopek
- 3158 Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Robert Gniadecki
- 3158 Division of Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- 507266 Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Le M, Berman-Rosa M, Ghazawi FM, Bourcier M, Fiorillo L, Gooderham M, Guenther L, Hanna S, Hong HCH, Landells I, Lansang P, Marcoux D, Wiseman MC, Yeung J, Lynde C, Litvinov IV. Systematic Review on the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:682547. [PMID: 34540860 PMCID: PMC8440866 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.682547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing and remitting disease that can be difficult to treat despite a recently approved biologic therapy targeting IL-4/IL-13 receptor. Oral janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) represent a novel therapeutic class of targeted therapy to treat moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Objective: To review the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of oral JAKi in the treatment of AD. Methods: A PRISMA systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE (Ovid), and PubMed databases for studies assessing the efficacy, safety, and/or pharmacokinetic properties of oral forms of JAKi in the treatment of AD in pediatric or adult populations from inception to June 2021. Results: 496 papers were reviewed. Of 28 articles that underwent full text screening, 11 met our inclusion criteria for final qualitative review. Four studies examined abrocitinib; three studies examined baricitinib; three examined upadacitinib and one examined gusacitinib (ASN002). Significant clinical efficacy and a reassuring safety profile was reported for all JAKi agents reviewed. Rapid symptom control was reported for abrocitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib. Limitations: Given the relatively limited evidence for each JAKi and the differences in patient eligibility criteria between studies, the data was not deemed suitable for a meta-analysis at this time. Conclusion: Given their ability to achieve rapid symptom control with a reassuring safety profile, we recommend considering the use of JAKi as a reliable systemic treatment option for adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD, who are unresponsive to topical or skin directed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Le
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Melissa Berman-Rosa
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Feras M. Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Bourcier
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Loretta Fiorillo
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Melinda Gooderham
- SKiN Centre for Dermatology, Probity Medical Research, and Queens University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Lyn Guenther
- Division of Dermatology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - H. Chih-Ho Hong
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ian Landells
- Division of Dermatology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Perla Lansang
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle Marcoux
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marni C. Wiseman
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jensen Yeung
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ivan V. Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Ghazawi FM, Mahmood F, Kircik L, Poulin Y, Bourcier M, Vender R, Wiseman MC, Lynde C, Litvinov IV. A Review of the Efficacy and Safety for Biologic Agents Targeting IL-23 in Treating Psoriasis With the Focus on Tildrakizumab. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:702776. [PMID: 34447766 PMCID: PMC8383205 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.702776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and debilitating inflammatory immune-mediated skin disorder. Several cytokines including interleukin (IL)-23 were demonstrated to play a central role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Treatment options for psoriasis range from topical to systemic modalities, depending on the extent, anatomical locations involved and functional impairment level. Targeting cytokines or their cognate receptors that are involved in disease pathogenesis such as IL-12/23 (i.e., targeting the IL-12p40 subunit shared by these cytokines), IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-17RA, and TNF-α using biologic agents emerged in recent years as a highly effective therapeutic option for patients with moderate-to-severe disease. This review provides an overview of the important role of IL-23 signaling in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We describe in detail the available IL-23 inhibitors for chronic plaque psoriasis. The efficacy, pharmacokinetic properties, and the safety profile of one of the most recent IL-23 biologic agents (tildrakizumab) are evaluated and reviewed in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras M Ghazawi
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Farhan Mahmood
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Leon Kircik
- Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Yves Poulin
- Division of Dermatology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Bourcier
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Ronald Vender
- Division of Dermatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marni C Wiseman
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Charles Lynde
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ivan V Litvinov
- Division of Dermatology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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