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Bhuiyan MSA, Kim YK, Lee DH, Chung Y, Lee DJ, Kang JM, Lee SH. Evaluation of non-additive genetic effects on carcass and meat quality traits in Korean Hanwoo cattle using genomic models. Animal 2024; 18:101152. [PMID: 38701710 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The traditional genetic evaluation methods generally consider additive genetic effects only and often ignore non-additive (dominance and epistasis) effects that may have contributed to genetic variation of complex traits of livestock species. The available dense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) panels offer to investigate the potential benefits of including non-additive genetic effects in the genomic evaluation models. Data from 16 971 genotyped (Illumina Bovine 50 K SNP chip) Korean Hanwoo cattle were used to estimate genetic variance components and prediction accuracy of genomic breeding values (GEBVs) for four carcass and meat quality traits: carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT) and marbling score (MS). Five different genetic models were evaluated through including additive, dominance and epistatic interactions (additive by additive, A × A; additive by dominance, A × D and dominance by dominance, D × D) successively in the models. The estimates of additive genetic variances and narrow sense heritabilities (ha2) were found similar across the evaluated models and traits except when additive interaction (A × A) was included. The dominance variance estimates relative to phenotypic variance ranged from 1.7-3.4% for CWT and MS traits, whereas, they were close to zero for EMA and BFT traits. The magnitude of A × A epistatic heritability (haa2) ranged between 14.8 and 27.7% in all traits. However, heritability estimates for A × D and D × D epistatic interactions (had2 and hdd2) were quite low compared to haa2 and were contributed only 0.0-9.7% of the total phenotypic variation. In general, broad sense heritability (hG2) estimates were almost twice (ranging between 0.54 and 0.68) the ha2 for all of the investigated traits. The inclusion of dominance effects did not improve the prediction accuracy of GEBV but improved 2.0-3.0% when epistatic effects were included in the model. More importantly, rank correlation revealed that partitioning of variance components considering dominance and epistatic effects in the model would enable to re-rank of top animals with better prediction of GEBV. The present result suggests that dominance and epistatic effects could be included in the genomic evaluation model for better estimates of variance components and more accurate prediction of GEBV for carcass and meat quality traits in Korean Hanwoo cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S A Bhuiyan
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; Quantomic Research & Solution, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; Quantomic Research & Solution, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Chung
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Kang
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Cho SE, Jung JH, Kang JM, Cho MY, Lee YS, Kang SG, Kim ST. Predictors of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence and Comparison of Clinical Factors and Polysomnography Findings Between Compliant and Non-Compliant Korean Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Psychiatry Investig 2024; 21:200-207. [PMID: 38433419 PMCID: PMC10910168 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the preferred treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, compliance with CPAP therapy varies among studies, and studies on its predictors are insufficient in Korea. This study aimed to identify factors that predict compliance with CPAP therapy in patients with OSA. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records, polysomnography (PSG) records, and self-report questionnaires of patients w ith OSA. Criteria for compliance was the use of CPAP devices for ≥4 h per night for ≥70% of the consecutive 30 nights (i.e., 21 days) during the first 3 months of treatment initiation. The patients were classified into two groups: compliant and non-compliant. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the clinical factors and PSG parameters associated with CPAP compliance. RESULTS Of the 188 participants, 80 were classified into the compliant group and 108 into the non-compliant group. The ratios of stage N1 (p=0.011) and health insurance coverage (p=0.007) were significantly associated with compliance with CPAP, with an explanatory power of 18.6% (R2=0.186, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Stage N1 ratio and health insurance coverage were significant predictors of CPAP compliance. It is necessary to confirm whether the relationship between a high stage N1 ratio and compliance can be reproduced in a larger sample and in individuals from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seol Lee
- Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Tae Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Hong J, Kang JM, Cho SE, Jung J, Kang SG. Significant association between increased risk of emergency department visits for psychiatric disorders and air pollutants in South Korea. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2023; 33:490-499. [PMID: 36496456 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between air pollutants and psychiatric disorders has been investigated in many countries. However, results for the association between air pollutants and emergency room (ER) visits for psychiatric disorders are inconsistent. Further, systematic large-scale studies relating to the same are lacking, especially in South Korea. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the acute and short-term cumulative effect of air pollutants on ER visits for psychiatric disorders in South Korea. METHODS The data on nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and ER visits due to nine representative psychiatric disorders were collected from eight major cities in South Korea for three years. We estimated the relative risk (RR) at lag 0 and a cumulative 11-day RR by increasing a 10-unit for PM and 0.01-unit for NO2 using the Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model. RESULTS During the study period, a total of 79,092 ER visits for psychiatric disorders were identified and tested for association with NO2, PM2.5, and PM10. The RR at lag 0 of depression per 0.01-unit increase in NO2 was the highest (3.127; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.933 to 3.332) among the psychiatric disorders. The RRs at lag 0 of anxiety disorders per 10-unit increase in PM2.5 (1.709; 95% CI 1.424 to 2.053) and PM10 (2.168; 95% CI 1.957 to 2.403) were the highest among the psychiatric disorders. SIGNIFICANCE Air pollutants increased ER visits for psychiatric disorders with the highest RR of depression due to NO2 and anxiety disorder due to PM2.5 and PM10. These results contribute evidence to the positive association between ambient exposure to air pollution and aggravation of psychiatric disorders, indicating air pollution may be a modifiable risk factor in mental health management. IMPACT STATEMENT We investigated the effect of air pollution on emergency room visits caused by major psychiatric disorders in prominent cities in South Korea. Using the Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model, an advanced analysis method, we calculated the acute effect and short-term cumulative effect. Air pollutants increased ER visits for psychiatric disorders with the highest relative risk of depression due to NO2 and anxiety disorder due to PM2.5 and PM10. These results reveal an association between ambient exposure to air pollution and aggravation of psychiatric disorders and suggest that air pollution may be a modifiable risk factor in mental health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwook Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Kang JM, Shin JH, Kim WR, Seo S, Seo H, Lee SY, Park KH, Na DL, Okamura N, Seong JK, Noh Y. Effects of the APOEɛ4 Allele on the Relationship Between Tau and Amyloid-β in Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:1233-1246. [PMID: 37393505 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known regarding the differential effects of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 on the regional topography of amyloid and tau in patients with both early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). OBJECTIVE To compare the distribution and association of tau, amyloid, and cortical thickness among groups classified by the presence of APOEɛ4 allele and onset age. METHODS A total of 165 participants including 54 EOAD patients (29 ɛ4-; 25 ɛ4+), 45 LOAD patients (21 ɛ4-; 24 ɛ4+), and 66 age-matched controls underwent 3T MRI, 18F-THK5351 (THK) and 18F-flutemetamol (FLUTE) PET scans, APOE genotyping, and neuropsychological tests. Data for voxel-wise and standardized uptake values from PET scans were analyzed in the context of APOE and age at onset. RESULTS EOAD ɛ4- patients showed greater THK retention in the association cortices, whereas their EOAD ɛ4+ counterparts had more retention in medial temporal areas. THK topography of LOAD ɛ4+ was similar to EOAD ɛ4 + . THK correlated positively with FLUTE and conversely with mean cortical thickness, being lowest in EOAD ɛ4-, highest in LOAD ɛ4-, and modest in ɛ4+ groups. Even in the APOEɛ4+ groups, THK tended to correlate with FLUTE and mean cortical thickness in the inferior parietal region in EOAD and in the medial temporal region in LOAD. LOAD ɛ4- manifested with prevalent small vessel disease markers and the lowest correlation between THK retention and cognition. CONCLUSION Our observations suggest the differential effects of the APOEɛ4 on the relationship between tau and amyloid in EOAD and LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Shin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Bio Medical Research Center, Bio Medical & Health Division, Korea Testing Laboratory, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Ram Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongho Seo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Seo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul, Republic of Korea; Happymind Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nobuyuki Okamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Joon-Kyoung Seong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Kang JM, Yun S, Seo H, Kim S, Cho S. Comparison of the effect of computerized multidomain cognitive training and pen‐and‐paper educational program in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a preliminary randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.069239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon Republic of South Korea
| | - Seonkyung Yun
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon Republic of South Korea
| | - Ha‐Eun Seo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University Incheon Republic of South Korea
| | - Sangsoon Kim
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon Republic of South Korea
| | - Seong‐jin Cho
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon Republic of South Korea
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Oh M, Oh JS, Oh SJ, Lee SJ, Roh JH, Kim WR, Seo HE, Kang JM, Seo SW, Lee JH, Na DL, Noh Y, Kim JS. [ 18F]THK-5351 PET Patterns in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease and Negative Amyloid PET Findings. J Clin Neurol 2022; 18:437-446. [PMID: 35796269 PMCID: PMC9262461 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2022.18.4.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) does not always mean amyloid positivity. [18F]THK-5351 has been shown to be able to detect reactive astrogliosis as well as tau accompanied by neurodegenerative changes. We evaluated the [18F]THK-5351 retention patterns in positron-emission tomography (PET) and the clinical characteristics of patients clinically diagnosed with AD dementia who had negative amyloid PET findings. Methods We performed 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging, [18F]THK-5351 PET, and amyloid PET in 164 patients with AD dementia. Amyloid PET was visually scored as positive or negative. [18F]THK-5351 PET were visually classified as having an intratemporal or extratemporal spread pattern. Results The 164 patients included 23 (14.0%) who were amyloid-negative (age 74.9±8.3 years, mean±standard deviation; 9 males, 14 females). Amyloid-negative patients were older, had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and had better visuospatial and memory functions. The frequency of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele was higher and the hippocampal volume was smaller in amyloid-positive patients. [18F]THK-5351 uptake patterns of the amyloid-negative patients were classified into intratemporal spread (n=10) and extratemporal spread (n=13). Neuropsychological test results did not differ significantly between these two groups. The standardized uptake value ratio of [18F]THK-5351 was higher in the extratemporal spread group (2.01±0.26 vs. 1.61±0.15, p=0.001). After 1 year, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores decreased significantly in the extratemporal spread group (-3.5±3.2, p=0.006) but not in the intratemporal spread group (-0.5±2.8, p=0.916). The diagnosis remained as AD (n=5, 50%) or changed to other diagnoses (n=5, 50%) in the intratemporal group, whereas it remained as AD (n=8, 61.5%) or changed to frontotemporal dementia (n=4, 30.8%) and other diagnoses (n=1, 7.7%) in the extratemporal spread group. Conclusions Approximately 70% of the patients with amyloid-negative AD showed abnormal [18F]THK-5351 retention. MMSE scores deteriorated rapidly in the patients with an extratemporal spread pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungsu S Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jun Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Ju Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Hoon Roh
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Ram Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ha-Eun Seo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Cho SE, Kang JM, Ko KP, Lim WJ, Redline S, Winkelman JW, Kang SG. Association Between Subjective-Objective Discrepancy of Sleeping Time and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Community-Based Polysomnographic Study. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:505-512. [PMID: 35321997 PMCID: PMC9064942 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the existence of a difference in quality of life (QOL) between individuals with and without significant subjective-objective discrepancy (SOD) in total sleep time (TST). METHODS From the Sleep Heart Health Study 2, 2540 individuals who had completed polysomnography, a morning sleep survey, and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were included in the analyses. The participants were classified as normoestimators (estimation of TST <±60 minutes), underestimators (underestimation of TST ≥60 minutes), or overestimators (overestimation of TST ≥60 minutes). The standardized SF-36 QOL scores were compared among the three groups. An adjusted partial correlation analysis was conducted between SOD and QOL. RESULTS Of the 2540 participants, 1617 (63.7%), 433 (17.0%), and 490 (19.3%) were assigned to the normoestimator, underestimator, and overestimator groups, respectively. The bodily pain and social functioning components of the SF-36 score were significantly lower in the underestimators than in the normoestimators, whereas the physical functioning component was significantly lower in the overestimators than in the normoestimators. The absolute value of SOD in the TST showed a significant negative correlation with the physical and mental components of the SF-36. CONCLUSIONS QOL was significantly better in the normoestimator than in the other groups and linearly correlated with the absolute value of SOD. This study suggests that a high prevalence of positive and negative sleep misperception in a community population can be a potential factor associated with poor QOL and potential comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Medicine Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Pil Ko
- Clinical Preventive Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon-Jeong Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep & Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John W. Winkelman
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Medicine Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Kang JM, Cho SJ, Cho SE, Bang T, Chae BD, Yi E, Bae SM, Na KS, Jung J, Kang SG. Mood and Sleep Status and Mental Disorders During Prolonged Winter-Over Residence in Two Korean Antarctic Stations. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1387-1396. [PMID: 35982827 PMCID: PMC9379312 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s370659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Antarctica is a region with extreme climate, characterized by extreme cold and photoperiod. No research has been conducted on the mental health of Korean Antarctic dispatchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of mental illness and changes in mood and sleep among Korean crew members staying for a long-term period in the Antarctic station. METHODS From 2017 to 2020, crew members who were dispatched from South Korea to two Antarctic stations for a one-year period participated in this study. The crew were evaluated for mood and sleep status and mental illness through psychological tests and interviews by board-certified psychiatrists once before departure and twice during their stay in Antarctica. The incidence of mental illness was confirmed and changes in sleep and depression were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 88 participants were included in the final analysis, and 7 of them (8.0%) were diagnosed with mental disorders such as insomnia in early winter. The total Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score increased significantly in the early winter period, and the total Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) scores increased in both early and late winter. The difference in changes in mood and sleep symptoms before, during, and after dispatch between the two stations was not significant. CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate the mental illness and mood and sleep status of Korean crews dispatched to Antarctica. In early winter, there were significant increases in mental illness and depressive symptoms, and a worsening of sleep status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taemo Bang
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Do Chae
- Unit of Frontier Exploration, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eojin Yi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Ko H, Kim S, Kim K, Jung SH, Shim I, Cha S, Lee H, Kim B, Yoon J, Ha TH, Kwak S, Kang JM, Lee JY, Kim J, Park WY, Nho K, Kim DK, Myung W, Won HH. Genome-wide association study of occupational attainment as a proxy for cognitive reserve. Brain 2021; 145:1436-1448. [PMID: 34613391 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational attainment, which represents middle-age cognitive activities, is a known proxy marker of cognitive reserve for Alzheimer's disease. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous genetic variants and revealed the genetic architecture of educational attainment, another marker of cognitive reserve. However, the genetic architecture and heritability for occupational attainment remain elusive. We performed a large-scale GWAS of occupational attainment with 248,847 European individuals from the UK Biobank using the proportional odds logistic mixed model method. In this analysis, we defined occupational attainment using the classified job levels formulated in the UK Standard Occupational Classification system considering the individual professional skill and academic level. We identified 30 significant loci (P < 5 × 10-8); 12 were novel variants, unassociated with other traits. Among them, four lead variants were associated with genes expressed in brain tissues by expression quantitative trait loci mapping from 10 brain regions: rs13002946, rs3741368, rs11654986, and rs1627527. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability was estimated to be 8.5% (s.e. = 0.004) and partitioned heritability was enriched in the central nervous system and brain tissues. Genetic correlation analysis showed shared genetic backgrounds between occupational attainment and multiple traits, including education, intelligence, leisure activities, life satisfaction, and neuropsychiatric disorders. In two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we demonstrated that high occupation levels were associated with reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.65-0.92 in inverse variance weighted (IVW) method; OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.57-0.92 in the weighted median (WM) method). This causal relationship between occupational attainment and Alzheimer's disease was robust in additional sensitivity analysis that excluded potentially pleiotropic SNPs (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.57-0.91 in the IVW method; OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.53-0.97 in the WM method). Multivariable MR confirmed that occupational attainment had an independent effect on the risk for Alzheimer's disease even after taking educational attainment into account (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54-0.95 in the IVW method; OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48-0.97 in the WM method). Overall, our analyses provide insights into the genetic architecture of occupational attainment and demonstrate that occupational attainment is a potential causal protective factor for Alzheimer's disease as a proxy marker of cognitive reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoong Ko
- Interdisciplinary Program in Cognitive Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kiwon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Injeong Shim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojin Cha
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Beomsu Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joohyun Yoon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyon Ha
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seyul Kwak
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinho Kim
- Precision Medicine Center, Future Innovation Research Division, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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10
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Ren J, Kang JB, Ma YP, Zhang JH, Dong CX, Kang JM, Zhang RJ, Wang MF, Ge XY, Yang LH. [Pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance among lower respiratory tract infections in patients with hematological malignancies]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2021; 60:875-879. [PMID: 34551475 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20201228-01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance among lower respiratory tract infections in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: Sputum samples were collected from 967 patients with hematological malignancies and lower respiratory tract infections in Department of Hematology,the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2017 to July 2020. The pathogens and drug sensitivity reports were carried out by automatic bacterial identification instruments. WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 20.0 softwares were used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 961 strains of pathogens were isolated, 516 (53.7%) pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly 118 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia (12.3%), 68 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%), 67 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (7.0%),52 strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (5.4%), 43 strains of Escherichia coli (4.5%), and 42 strains of Enterbacter cloacae (4.4%). There were 171 (17.8%) strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 274 (28.5%) fungi. The drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenem were 22.1%-31.3%. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was sensitive to levofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole and minocycline. The antimicrobial resistance rates of these three enterobacteria to carbapenems, cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam were low (<10%). The resistant Gram-positive bacteria to ticoplanin, vancomycin and linazolamide were not detected. Conclusion: The major pathogens related to lower respiratory tract infections in patients with hematological malignancies are gram-negative bacteria in our centre. Different pathogens appear different characteristics of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ren
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J B Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Y P Ma
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - C X Dong
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - J M Kang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - R J Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - M F Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - X Y Ge
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - L H Yang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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11
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Kang JM, Cho SE, Lee GB, Cho SJ, Park KH, Kim ST, Kang SG. Relationship between the Spectral Power Density of Sleep Electroencephalography and Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Breathing-related Sleep Disorder. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2021; 19:521-529. [PMID: 34294621 PMCID: PMC8316670 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2021.19.3.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Patients with breathing-related sleep disorder (BRSD) often complain of psychiatric symptoms such as depression in addition to snoring, excessive sleepiness, and disturbed sleep. However, the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and severity of sleep apnea in BRSD is controversial. We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between psychiatric symptoms and sleep electroencephalography (EEG) findings in BRSD patients using spectral analysis. Methods All participants underwent polysomnography and evaluation using Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) scale. We analyzed the absolute spectral power density values of standard EEG frequency bands in the participants (n = 169) with BRSD during the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep period. We performed correlation analysis between the domain scores of SCL-90-R scale and the absolute values of the EEG frequency bands. Results Significant positive correlation was observed between the absolute spectral power density values in the slow oscillation band and the degree of paranoid ideation (r = 0.226, p = 0.028) and depression (r = 0.216, p = 0.044) in SCL-90-R. The multiple linear regression model showed that higher paranoid ideation domain score (B = 0.007, p = 0.020), younger age (B = −0.011, p < 0.001), and female sex (B = 0.213, p = 0.004) were associated with higher slow oscillation power during NREM sleep. Conclusion The results of the present study suggested a relationship between sleep EEG and psychiatric symptoms in patients with BRSD. This relationship needs to be validated with further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Gun Bae Lee
- Gachon Sleep Medicine Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seon Tae Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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12
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Maeng S, Hong JP, Kim WH, Kim H, Cho SE, Kang JM, Na KS, Oh SH, Park JW, Bae JN, Cho SJ. Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Training in the Elderly with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:619-627. [PMID: 34265200 PMCID: PMC8328838 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to introduce a 4-week long fully immersive virtual reality-based cognitive training (VRCT) program that could be applied for both a cognitively normal elderly population and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, we attempted to investigate the neuropsychological effects of the VRCT program in each group. METHODS A total of 56 participants, 31 in the MCI group and 25 in the cognitively normal elderly group, underwent eight sessions of VRCT for 4 weeks. In order to evaluate the effects of the VRCT, the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet was administered before and after the program. The program' s safety was assessed using a simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ), and availability was assessed using the presence questionnaire. RESULTS After the eighth session of the VRCT program, cognitive improvement was observed in the ability to learn new information, visuospatial constructional ability, and frontal lobe function in both groups. At the baseline evaluation, based on the SSQ, the MCI group complained of disorientation and nausea significantly more than the cognitively normal elderly group did. However, both groups showed a reduction in discomfort as the VRCT program progressed. CONCLUSION We conclude that our VRCT program helps improve cognition in both the MCI group and cognitively normal elderly group. Therefore, the VRCT is expected to help improve cognitive function in elderly populations with and without MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Maeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hee Oh
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woon Park
- Department of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University Graduate School, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Nam Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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13
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Kim H, Hong JP, Kang JM, Kim WH, Maeng S, Cho SE, Na KS, Oh SH, Park JW, Cho SJ, Bae JN. Cognitive reserve and the effects of virtual reality-based cognitive training on elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment and normal cognition. Psychogeriatrics 2021; 21:552-559. [PMID: 33934441 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve (CR) is a concept proposed to account for discrepancies between the extent of brain pathology and clinical manifestations of that pathology. This study aimed to explore the associations between CR and the effects of cognitive training using fully immersive virtual reality (VR). METHODS A total of 44 older adults (22 cognitively normal, 22 with mild cognitive impairment) underwent eight cognitive training sessions using VR for a period of 4 weeks. CR was assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq). To evaluate baseline cognitive function and the effects of VR training, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological battery was administered to all participants before and after the training. RESULTS Greater improvement in the total CERAD score was seen for cognitively normal participants with higher versus lower scores on the Education subdomain of the CRIq. Among patients with mild cognitive impairment, none of the CRIq subdomain scores (Education, Working Activity, Leisure Time) were related to a change in CERAD total scores. The CRIq total score did not predict the improvement of global cognition in either group. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed different impacts of CR on cognitive training according to the participants' cognitive status. It also suggests that employing three proxies of CR rather than using a composite score would provide a more accurate understanding of one's CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Hyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seri Maeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hee Oh
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woon Park
- Department of IT Convergence Engineering, Gachon University Graduate School, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Nam Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kang JM, Kim N, Lee SY, Woo SK, Park G, Yeon BK, Park JW, Youn JH, Ryu SH, Lee JY, Cho SJ. Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e24526. [PMID: 33955835 PMCID: PMC8138710 DOI: 10.2196/24526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive training can potentially prevent cognitive decline. However, the results of recent studies using semi-immersive virtual reality (VR)-assisted cognitive training are inconsistent. Objective We aimed to examine the hypothesis that cognitive training using fully immersive VR, which may facilitate visuospatial processes, could improve visuospatial functioning, comprehensive neuropsychological functioning, psychiatric symptoms, and functional connectivity in the visual brain network in predementia. Methods Participants over 60 years old with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment from a memory clinic were randomly allocated to the VR (n=23) or the control (n=18) group. The VR group participants received multidomain and neuropsychologist-assisted cognitive training in a fully immersive VR environment twice a week for 1 month. The control group participants did not undergo any additional intervention except for their usual therapy such as pharmacotherapy. Participants of both groups were evaluated for cognitive function using face-to-face comprehensive neuropsychological tests, including the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT) copy task; for psychiatric symptoms such as depression, apathy, affect, and quality of life; as well as resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) at baseline and after training. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the effect of cognitive training between groups. Seed-to-voxel–based analyses were used to identify the cognitive improvement–related functional connectivity in the visual network of the brain. Results After VR cognitive training, significant improvement was found in the total score (F1,39=14.69, P=.001) and basic components score of the RCFT copy task (F1,39=9.27, P=.005) compared with those of the control group. The VR group also showed improvements, albeit not significant, in naming ability (F1,39=3.55, P=.07), verbal memory delayed recall (F1,39=3.03, P=.09), and phonemic fluency (F1,39=3.08, P=.09). Improvements in psychiatric symptoms such as apathy (F1,39=7.02, P=.01), affect (F1,39=14.40, P=.001 for positive affect; F1,39=4.23, P=.047 for negative affect), and quality of life (F1,39=4.49, P=.04) were found in the VR group compared to the control group. Improvement in the RCFT copy task was associated with a frontal-occipital functional connectivity increase revealed by rsfMRI in the VR group compared to the control group. Conclusions Fully immersive VR cognitive training had positive effects on the visuospatial function, apathy, affect, quality of life, and increased frontal-occipital functional connectivity in older people in a predementia state. Future trials using VR cognitive training with larger sample sizes and more sophisticated designs over a longer duration may reveal greater improvements in cognition, psychiatric symptoms, and brain functional connectivity. Trial Registration Clinical Research Information Service KCT0005243; https://tinyurl.com/2a4kfasa
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Brain Health Center, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nambeom Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyun Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geumjin Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeonggi Provincial Medical Center Suwon Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Woon Park
- Department of Game Engineering and IT Convergence Engineering, Graduate School of Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hae Youn
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Cha University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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15
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Na KS, Kang JM, Cho SE. Prevalence of DSM-5 mixed features: A meta-analysis and systematic review. J Affect Disord 2021; 282:203-210. [PMID: 33418368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The definition of mixed features by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) remains controversal; however, there has been no systematic review of the prevalence of DSM-5 mixed features. We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to examine the prevalence of DSM-5-defined mixed features in major depressive episodes (MDE) and manic/hypomanic episodes. METHODS We systematically searched all literature types (i.e., observational, cross-sectional, cohort, retrospective chart review, and post-hoc analysis) in electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from 2013 to 2020. RESULTS A total of 17 studies with 20 samples were selected. The pooled prevalences of the mixed features in MDE and manic/hypomanic episodes were 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.9-16.7%) and 26.8 (95% CI = 17.0-39.5%), respectively. The prevalence of mixed features during major depressive disorder in East Asian countries was the lowest, which ranged from 0-2.2%. The subgroup analysis did not identify any influential factors for substantial heterogeneity. Most of the individual studies demonstrated moderate to high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS Despite the increasing attention and controversy surrounding DSM-5-defined mixed features, few studies have systematically estimated the prevalence. Future studies with appropriate design and sample sizes should measure the prevalence of mixed features during MDE and manic/hypomanic episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Lee HJ, Lee EC, Seo S, Ko KP, Kang JM, Kim WR, Seo HE, Lee SY, Lee YB, Park KH, Yeon BK, Okamura N, Na DL, Seong JK, Noh Y. Identification of Heterogeneous Subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Cluster Analyses Based on PET Imaging of Tau and Astrogliosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:615467. [PMID: 33584247 PMCID: PMC7874013 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.615467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition with diverse causes and clinical outcomes that can be categorized into subtypes. [18F]THK5351 has been known to detect reactive astrogliosis as well as tau which is accompanied by neurodegenerative changes. Here, we identified heterogeneous groups of MCI patients using THK retention patterns and a graph theory approach, allowing for the comparison of risk of progression to dementia in these MCI subgroups. Methods: Ninety-seven participants including 60 MCI patients and individuals with normal cognition (NC, n = 37) were included and undertook 3T MRI, [18F]THK5351 PET, and detailed neuropsychological tests. [18F]Flutemetamol PET was also performed in 62 participants. We calculated similarities between MCI patients using their regional standardized uptake value ratio of THK retention in 75 ROIs, and clustered subjects with similar retention patterns using the Louvain method based on the modularity of the graph. The clusters of patients identified were compared with an age-matched control group using a general linear model. Dementia conversion was evaluated after a median follow-up duration of 34.6 months. Results: MCI patients were categorized into four groups according to their THK retention patterns: (1) limbic type; (2) diffuse type; (3) sparse type; and (4) AD type (retention pattern as in AD). Subjects of the limbic type were characterized by older age, small hippocampal volumes, and reduced verbal memory and frontal/executive functions. Patients of the diffuse type had relatively large vascular burden, reduced memory capacity and some frontal/executive functions. Co-morbidity and mortality were more frequent in this subgroup. Subjects of the sparse type were younger and declined only in terms of visual memory and attention. No individuals in this subgroup converted to dementia. Patients in the AD type group exhibited the poorest cognitive function. They also had the smallest hippocampal volumes and the highest risk of progression to dementia (90.9%). Conclusion: Using cluster analyses with [18F]THK5351 retention patterns, it is possible to identify clinically-distinct subgroups of MCI patients and those at greater risk of progression to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Lee
- Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Chong Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongho Seo
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Pil Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Woo-Ram Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ha-Eun Seo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Nobuyuki Okamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joon-Kyung Seong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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17
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Kang JM, Cho SE, Na KS, Kang SG. Spectral Power Analysis of Sleep Electroencephalography in Subjects with Different Severities of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Healthy Controls. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:477-486. [PMID: 33833600 PMCID: PMC8021266 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s295742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous spectral analysis studies on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involved small samples, and the results were inconsistent. We performed a spectral analysis of sleep EEG based on different severities of OSA using the Sleep Heart Health Study data. This study aimed to determine the difference in EEG spectral power during sleep in the non-OSA group and with different severities of OSA in the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS The participants (n = 5,804) underwent polysomnography, and they were classified into non-OSA, mild OSA, moderate OSA, and severe OSA groups. The fast Fourier transformation was used to compute the EEG power spectrum for total sleep duration within contiguous 30-second epochs of sleep. The EEG spectral powers of the groups were compared using 4,493 participants after adjusting potential confounding factors that could affect sleep EEG. RESULTS The power spectra differed significantly among the groups for all frequency bands (p corr < 0.001). We found that the quantitative EEG spectral powers in the beta and sigma bands of total sleep differed (p corr < 0.001) among the participants in the non-OSA group and with different severities of OSA, controlling for covariates. The beta power was higher and the sigma power was lower in the OSA groups than in the non-OSA group. The beta power decreased in the order of severe OSA, moderate OSA, mild OSA, and non-OSA. CONCLUSION This study suggests that there are differences between the microstructures of PSG-derived sleep EEG of non-OSA participants and those with different severities of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Sleep Medicine Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Sleep Medicine Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Kang JM, Lee SY, Kim N, Woo SK, Yeon BK, Cho S. Improvements of visuospatial function and frontal‐occipital connectivity after cognitive training using virtual reality in old adults with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.042706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sook Young Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon South Korea
| | - Nambeom Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute Gachon University, Inc South Korea
| | - Soo Kyun Woo
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon South Korea
| | | | - Seong‐jin Cho
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center Incheon South Korea
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Park S, Park SH, Hwang JH, Kim JH, Lee KH, Park SH, Shin JH, Pak SY, Kang JM. Low-dose CT angiography of the lower extremities: a comparison study of image quality and radiation dose. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:156.e19-156.e26. [PMID: 33256975 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the image quality and radiation dose of ultralow-dose (ULD) and low-dose (LD) lower-extremity computed tomography (CT) angiography (LE-CTA) using the advanced modelled iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE) algorithm to detect peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in comparison with standard-dose (SD) CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seven consecutive patients were examined using LE-CTA at 70 kVp and a dual-source scanner to achieve three image sets using 30% (ULD), 70% (LD), and 100% (SD) tube loads. Qualitative analysis was conducted by examining the three image sets for overall quality. The image quality of arterial segments was analysed by two independent readers. In addition, the CT dose index (CTDIvol) was measured in the three image sets. RESULTS The mean overall quality scores were 3.4±0.6 for ULD CT, 3.9±0.3 for LD CT, and 3.9±0.2 for SD CT. Both readers scored the arterial segments as 2-4 (adequate-excellent) in the three image sets. In addition, 89.4% (93/104) and 54.8% (57/104) segments of PAD with calcified plaques were scored 4 between SD and LD CT and between SD and ULD CT, respectively, and 45.2% (47/104) segments had a lower score by one point in ULD CT compared with SD CT. The mean CTDIvol was 4.1±1.1 mGy for SD CT, 2.9±0.8 mGy for LD CT, and 1.2±0.3 mGy for ULD CT. CONCLUSIONS LD/ULD CT at 70 kVp using ADMIRE reconstruction enables a reduction in the radiation dose while enabling adequate evaluation or follow-up of PAD based on LE-CTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Pak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Lee SY, Kang JM, Kim DJ, Woo SK, Lee JY, Cho SJ. Cognitive Reserve, Leisure Activity, and Neuropsychological Profile in the Early Stage of Cognitive Decline. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:590607. [PMID: 33192487 PMCID: PMC7649371 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.590607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In older adults with normal cognition, cognitive reserve (CR) is known to be associated with the neuropsychological profile. We investigated the association between comprehensive CR and detailed neuropsychological profile in the early stage of cognitive decline. Fifty-five participants with mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive decline completed the cognitive reserve index questionnaire (CRIq) that yielded total, education, working activity, and leisure time scores (CRI-Total, CRI-Education, CRI-Working activity, and CRI-Leisure time, respectively). Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and detailed neuropsychological evaluation were performed. Psychiatric symptom scales were applied to measure depression, apathy, positive or negative affect, and quality of life. Correlation and linear regression analyses of the variables were performed. The effect of CR-Education, CRI-Working activity, and CRI-Leisure time on the composite cognitive score was determined using a multivariable regression model. We observed that for CRI-Total (B = 3.00, p = 0.005), CRI-Education (B = 3.39, p = 0.002), and CRI-Leisure time (B = 2.56, p = 0.015), CR correlated with MMSE scores, while only CRI-Leisure time associated with the naming ability (B = 2.20, p = 0.033) in the detailed neuropsychological test results of the participants. Multivariable regression model also indicated that among CRI subscores, CRI-Leisure time directly affects the composite cognitive score (β = 0.32, p = 0.011). We found that in the early stage of cognitive decline in older adults, comprehensive CR was associated with global cognition, and only leisure activity was identified to be associated with the detailed neuropsychological profile including naming ability. These results may imply the positive effect of leisure activity on cognitive function in the early stages of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Da Jeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Soo Kyun Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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21
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Lee EC, Kang JM, Seo S, Seo HE, Lee SY, Park KH, Na DL, Noh Y, Seong JK. Association of Subcortical Structural Shapes With Tau, Amyloid, and Cortical Atrophy in Early-Onset and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:563559. [PMID: 33192457 PMCID: PMC7650820 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.563559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to compare the topographical subcortical shape and to investigate the effects of tau or amyloid burden on atrophic patterns in early onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). One hundred and sixty-one participants (53 EOAD, 44 LOAD, 33 young controls, and 31 older controls) underwent [18F]THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET), [18F]flutemetamol (FLUTE) PET, and 3T MRI scans. We used surface-based analysis to evaluate subcortical structural shape, permutation-based statistics for group comparisons, and Spearman's correlations to determine associations with THK, FLUTE, cortical thickness, and neuropsychological test results. When compared to their age-matched controls, EOAD patients exhibited shape reduction in the bilateral amygdala, hippocampus, caudate, and putamen, while in LOAD patients, the bilateral amygdala and hippocampus showed decreased shapes. In EOAD, widespread subcortical shrinkage, with less association of the hippocampus, correlated with THK retention and cortical thinning, while in LOAD patients, subcortical structures were limited which had significant correlation with THK or mean cortical thickness. Subcortical structural shape showed less correlation with FLUTE global retention in both EOAD and LOAD. Multiple cognitive domains, except memory function, correlated with the bilateral amygdala, caudate, and putamen in EOAD patients, while more restricted regions in the subcortical structures were correlated with neuropsychological test results in LOAD patients. Subcortical structures were associated with AD hallmarks in EOAD. However, the correlation was limited in LOAD. Moreover, relationship between subcortical structural atrophy and cognitive decline were quite different between EOAD and LOAD. These findings suggest that the effects of Alzheimer's pathologies on subcortical structural changes in EOAD and LOAD and they may have different courses of pathomechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Chong Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seongho Seo
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ha-Eun Seo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joon-Kyung Seong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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22
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Ning CQ, Kang JM, Li YT, Chen HH, Chu YH, Yu YF, Wu XP, Ai L, Chen JX, Tian LG, Liao QD. [Prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis infections among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:489-497. [PMID: 33185060 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis infections among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among students sampled from a primary school in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City on April, 2018, and their stool samples were collected for microscopic examinations, in vitro culture and PCR assays to analyze the prevalence of Blastocystis infections and subtype of the parasite. In addition, the risk factors of Blastocystis infections among primary school students were identified using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 466 primary students were surveyed, and the subjects had a mean age of (9.81±1.66) years and included 236 males (50.64%) and 230 females (49.36%). The prevalence of Blastocystis infections was 15.24% (71/466) among the study students, and there was no significance difference in the prevalence between male and fe- male students (16.52% vs. 13.91%; χ2 = 0.616, P = 0.433). In addition, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of Blastocystis infections among grade 1 (6.35%, 4/63), grade 2 (5.17%, 3/58), grade 3 (21.74%, 15/69), grade 4 (25.30%, 21/83), grade 5 (10.19%, 11/108) and grade 6 students (20.00%, 17/85) (χ2 = 15.410, P = 0.009). There were four Blastocystis subtypes characterized (ST1, ST3, ST6 and ST7), in which ST6 was the most common subtype (45.07%, 32/71), followed by ST3 (25.35%, 18/71). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that minority ethnicity [odds ratio (OR) = 4.259, 95% confidential inter- val (CI) : (1.161, 15.621)] and low maternal education level (primary school and below) [OR = 9.038, 95% CI: (1.125, 72.642)] were identified as risk factors of Blastocystis infection among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of Blastocystis infections detected among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City, and ST6 and ST3 are predominant subtypes. Minority ethnicity and low maternal education level (primary school and below) are risk factors for Blastocystis infections in primary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Q Ning
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J M Kang
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, China
| | - Y T Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y H Chu
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y F Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X P Wu
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L G Tian
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Q D Liao
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, China
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Lee H, Kim K, Lee YC, Kim S, Won HH, Yu TY, Lee EM, Kang JM, Lewis M, Kim DK, Myung W. Associations between vascular risk factors and subsequent Alzheimer's disease in older adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:117. [PMID: 32979926 PMCID: PMC7520023 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background The clinical guidelines related to the primary prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have focused on the management of vascular risk factors. However, the link between vascular risk factors and AD in older adults remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between vascular risk factors and subsequent AD in 178,586 older adults (age ≥ 65 years). Methods Participants were recruited from 2009 through 2010 and followed up for 6 years. We assessed various vascular risk factors (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], triglycerides [TG], fasting glucose [FG], systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], pulse pressure [PP], and body mass index [BMI]) and their association with AD incidence, categorizing each vascular factor using current clinical guidelines. Results AD was observed in 6.0% of participants at follow-up. All lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) were positively associated with the risk of AD. SBP and PP were in negative associations with AD, and DBP was positively associated with AD. BMI exhibited a negative association with AD incidence. We found no significant association between FG and AD risk. The sex difference was observed to have effects on vascular risk factors. Conclusions In this study, we comprehensively investigated the association between eight vascular risk factors and the risk of incident AD. Our findings suggest that multiple vascular risk factors are related to the development of AD in older adults. These results can help inform future guidelines for reducing AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Lee
- Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Veteran Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeong Chan Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Yang Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Wonkwang Medical Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Lee
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Matthew Lewis
- The Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea.
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Lee YC, Kang JM, Lee H, Kim K, Kim S, Yu TY, Lee EM, Kim CT, Kim DK, Lewis M, Won HH, Jessen F, Myung W. Subjective cognitive decline and subsequent dementia: a nationwide cohort study of 579,710 people aged 66 years in South Korea. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:52. [PMID: 32375880 PMCID: PMC7203882 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a potential risk factor for dementia. We aimed to investigate the association between SCD and subsequent dementia in a nationwide population-based cohort in South Korea. Methods This cohort included 579,710 66-year-old adults who were followed for a total of 3,870,293 person-years (average 6.68 ± 1.33 years per person). All subjects completed a questionnaire about subjective memory impairment, the Pre-screening Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire (KDSQ-P), which included a validated 5-item derivative, and were determined to have SCD based on a single question assessing memory decline. Depressive symptoms were assessed in all subjects using a 3-item modified geriatric depression scale. Hazard ratios were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model and compared between subjects with and without SCD. Results Compared to subjects without SCD, those with SCD were more likely to develop dementia (incidence per 1000 person-years: non-SCD, 5.66; SCD, 8.59). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the risk of subsequent dementia significantly increased in subjects with SCD, with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.38 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34 to 1.41). The risk of subsequent dementia was greatly increased in subjects with higher KDSQ-P scores (aHR = 2.77, 95% CI 2.35 to 3.27). A significant association between SCD and dementia was observed in both depressive and non-depressive symptom groups (aHR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.57 in subjects with depressive symptoms; aHR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.37 in subjects without depressive symptoms; P = 0.001). Conclusions In this population of 66-year-old individuals, SCD was significantly associated with an increased risk of subsequent dementia. This association was found in both depressive and non-depressive groups, with an increased risk of dementia in the presence of depressive symptoms. Our findings suggest that SCD indicates a risk for dementia. Further studies are needed to delineate potential approaches to preventing the development of dementia in individuals with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Chan Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Hospital, 29 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13619, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Hospital, 29 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13619, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Veteran Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Hospital, 29 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13619, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yang Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Wonkwang Medical Center, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Lee
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthew Lewis
- The Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Frank Jessen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Hospital, 29 Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13619, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Jeong HJ, Lee H, Lee SY, Seo S, Park KH, Lee YB, Shin DJ, Kang JM, Yeon BK, Kang SG, Cho J, Seong JK, Okamura N, Villemagne VL, Na DL, Noh Y. [¹⁸F]THK5351 PET Imaging in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Clin Neurol 2020; 16:202-214. [PMID: 32319236 PMCID: PMC7174126 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition with diverse clinical outcomes and subgroups. Here we investigated the topographic distribution of tau in vivo using the positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [18F]THK5351 in MCI subgroups. Methods This study included 96 participants comprising 38 with amnestic MCI (aMCI), 21 with nonamnestic MCI (naMCI), and 37 with normal cognition (NC) who underwent 3.0-T MRI, [18F]THK5351 PET, and detailed neuropsychological tests. [18F]flutemetamol PET was also performed in 62 participants. The aMCI patients were further divided into three groups: 1) verbal-aMCI, only verbal memory impairment; 2) visual-aMCI, only visual memory impairment; and 3) both-aMCI, both visual and verbal memory impairment. Voxel-wise statistical analysis and region-of-interest -based analyses were performed to evaluate the retention of [18F]THK5351 in the MCI subgroups. Subgroup analysis of amyloid-positive and -negative MCI patients was also performed. Correlations between [18F]THK5351 retention and different neuropsychological tests were evaluated using statistical parametric mapping analyses. Results [18F]THK5351 retention in the lateral temporal, mesial temporal, parietal, frontal, posterior cingulate cortices and precuneus was significantly greater in aMCI patients than in NC subjects, whereas it did not differ significantly between naMCI and NC participants. [18F] THK5351 retention was greater in the both-aMCI group than in the verbal-aMCI and visualaMCI groups, and greater in amyloid-positive than amyloid-negative MCI patients. The cognitive function scores were significantly correlated with cortical [18F]THK5351 retention. Conclusions [18F]THK5351 PET might be useful for identifying distinct topographic patterns of [18F]THK5351 retention in subgroups of MCI patients who are at greater risk of the progression to Alzheimer's dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jeong
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyon Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seongho Seo
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yeong Bae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Shin
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seung Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jaelim Cho
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Joon Kyung Seong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Centre for PET, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Samsung Alzheimer Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
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Kim DW, Cho SE, Kang JM, Woo SK, Kang SG, Yeon BK, Cho SJ. Risk Factors for Serious Suicide Attempts: Difference Between Older and Younger Attempters in the Emergency Department. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:607811. [PMID: 33488429 PMCID: PMC7820120 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.607811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Suicide attempts of the older adults are known to be more serious than that of the younger adults. Despite its major social impact in South Korea, the behavioral mechanism of serious suicide attempt (SSA) in old people remains to be elucidated. Thus, we investigated the risk factors for SSA in older and younger suicide attempters in the emergency department. Methods: Demographic data, clinical information, and the level of seriousness of suicide with Risk Rescue Rating Scale were compared between older (age ≥65) and younger (age <65) adults who visited the emergency department for a suicide attempt. Regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for SSA in these two groups. Results: Among 370 patients, 37 were older adults (10%; aged 74.41 ± 6.78), more likely to have another medical disease (p < 0.001), and a higher suicide completion rate (16.2 vs. 5.4%, p = 0.023). In the younger group, old age (B = 0.090, p < 0.001), male sex (B = -0.038, p = 0.019), and impression of schizophrenia (B = 0.074, p = 0.027) were associated with a higher risk-rescue ratio and interpersonal stress condition was associated with a lower risk-rescue ratio (B = -0.045, p = 0.006). In the older group, however, no variables were included significant in the regression model for the Risk Rescue Rating Scale. Conclusions: Demographic and clinical factors such as old age, male sex, interpersonal stress, and impression of schizophrenia were associated with lethality in the younger suicide attempters. However, no factors were associated with SSA in the older adult group. Different mechanisms may underly the lethality in old age suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Kim
- College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seo Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Soo Kyun Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gyeonggi Provincial Medical Center Suwon Hospital, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the relationship between life activities and cognitive function and to evaluate the interaction between education and various leisure activities in predicting cognitive function. Using a cross-sectional research design with retrospective data, a total of 210 healthy Korean older adults participated and reported their years of education, working, and lifelong leisure activities. Cognitive function was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that education was positively associated with cognitive function, whereas working activity was not. Craft activities positively predicted cognitive function. Furthermore, education moderated the relationship between leisure activities and cognitive function. Only low-educated participants showed a decrease in cognitive function as they performed domestic chores and an increase in cognitive function as they participated in social activities and volunteering. High-educated participants showed no relation between leisure activities and cognitive function. The results of the current study suggest that the relationship between various leisure activities and cognitive function can vary based on the nature of the leisure activity and educational level. Professionals examining older adults' cognitive function should pay closer attention to educational level, as well as life styles (i.e. leisure activities), to provide appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soowon Park
- Department of Education, Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Boungho Choi
- Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Chihyun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine , Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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28
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Lee H, Jung J, Myung W, Baek JH, Kang JM, Kim DK, Kim H. Association between dust storm occurrence and risk of suicide: Case-crossover analysis of the Korean national death database. Environ Int 2019; 133:105146. [PMID: 31630066 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian dust storms (ADSs) have been associated with adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Considering the increasing global desertification driven by climate change, it is necessary to assess dust storm-related adverse health effects for establishing appropriate public health interventions. Recent studies have found that ambient air pollution has negative effects on mental health including cognitive disorders, depression, and suicide. However, these studies mostly focused on traditional anthropogenic pollutants from traffic exhaust or fossil fuel power plants; the association between dust storms and suicidal death is yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between ADSs and suicide risk in Seoul, South Korea from 2002 to 2015. METHODS To determine whether increased risk of suicide is associated with occurrence of ADSs, we performed a time-stratified case-crossover study that linked the national death statistics database with ADS occurrence data from the Korea Meteorology Administration. Exposure to ADSs was compared between the day of suicide and control days, matched to the day of the week, month, and year. We further examined whether the effect of ADSs on suicide risk differed according to ADS duration and intensity. RESULTS Over the 14-year period, 30,704 people died by suicide and 133 ADSs were reported. Of these, 55 ADSs lasted over 2 days (long-duration ADSs), and 67 ADSs had higher levels of particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter (PM10) that exceeded the 50th percentile value over the total 133 ADS days (high-intensity ADSs). Exposure to ADS was associated with a 13.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.5-22.4; P = .002) increase in suicide risk on the day of ADS occurrence. Long-duration and high-intensity ADSs were associated with a 19.8% (95% CI, 6.5-34.7; P = .003) and 17.0% (95% CI, 5.2-30.0; P = .004) increase in suicide risk, respectively. These associations remained robust after adjusting for local air pollution levels and meteorological factors. However, this association was not replicated in the unconstrained distributed lag model which revealed inferior goodness-of-fit to our data. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to ADSs was associated with an increased risk of suicide, especially on the same day. This study provides novel evidence of a relationship between ADSs and suicide. These findings could help in establishing public health interventions for suicide prevention as well as in establishing dust storm warning systems. Future studies are warranted to confirm if our findings are replicable and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Jung
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, South Korea; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, South Korea.
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29
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Cho SJ, Kang JM. Dementia Incidence on the Decline in Korea: Lessons Learned and Future Directions. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e299. [PMID: 31726497 PMCID: PMC6856300 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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30
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Kang JM, Li YT, Chen R, Yu YF, Li XT, Wu XP, Chu YH, Chen JX, Zhang SX, Tian LG. [Prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infection in inpatients in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2019; 31:479-485. [PMID: 31713375 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2018244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis hominis infection in inpatients in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community hospital in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City, and the inpatients were surveyed by questionnaires. After obtaining the informed consent from the inpatients or legal guardians, the stool and blood samples were collected and examined by microscopy and PCR from April 17 to May 1, 2018. The univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of the B. hominis infection. RESULTS A total of 198 hospitalized patients were investigated, and the infection rate of B. hominis was 10.61% (21/198), and the infection rate of the females (12.10%) was higher than that of the males (8.11%), but the difference was not statistically significant. The highest rate of infection was 19.23% in the age group of 10 to 20 years, followed by 17.74% in the age group of 60 years and above, and the lowest rate was 2.38% in the age group of 20 to 40 years. The difference in infection rates of B. hominis among the different age groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The infection rate of B. hominis in the people who used dry pail latrines was 33.30%, which was higher than that of the people who used water flush toilets (9.10%) (P < 0.05). The genotypes of B. hominis were ST1, ST3, ST6 and ST7, and ST6 and ST3 being the most predominant genotypes which accounted for 47.62% (10/21) and 38.10% (8/21) respectively, and among the infected males, the genotypes were only ST3 and ST6. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that among the factors affecting B. hominis infection, only keeping pets was a risk factor [OR = 3.798, 95% CI (1.245, 11.581), P < 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of B. hominis infection is found in the inpatients in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City, the predominant genotypes are ST6 and ST3, and keeping pets may be one of the main risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kang
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - Y T Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
| | - R Chen
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - Y F Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
| | - X T Li
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 402260, China
| | - X P Wu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
| | - Y H Chu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
| | - S X Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
| | - L G Tian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, China
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31
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Jeon S, Kang JM, Seo S, Jeong HJ, Funck T, Lee SY, Park KH, Lee YB, Yeon BK, Ido T, Okamura N, Evans AC, Na DL, Noh Y. Topographical Heterogeneity of Alzheimer's Disease Based on MR Imaging, Tau PET, and Amyloid PET. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:211. [PMID: 31481888 PMCID: PMC6710378 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients are known to have heterogeneous clinical presentation and pathologic patterns. We hypothesize that AD dementia can be categorized into subtypes based on multimodal imaging biomarkers such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tau positron emission tomography (PET), and amyloid PET. We collected 3T MRI, 18F-THK5351 PET, and 18F-flutemetamol (FLUTE) PET data from 83 patients with AD dementia [Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) ≤1] and 60 normal controls (NC), and applied surface-based analyses to measure cortical thickness, THK5351 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) and FLUTE SUVR for each participant. For the patient group, we performed an agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis using the three multimodal imaging features on the vertices (n = 3 × 79,950). The identified AD subtypes were compared to NC using general linear models adjusting for age, sex, and years of education. We mapped the effect size within significant cortical regions reaching a corrected p-vertex <0.05 (random field theory). Our surface-based multimodal framework has revealed three distinct subtypes among AD patients: medial temporal-dominant subtype (MT, n = 44), parietal-dominant subtype (P, n = 19), and diffuse atrophy subtype (D, n = 20). The topography of cortical atrophy and THK5351 retention differentiates between the three subtypes. In the case of FLUTE, three subtypes did not show distinct topographical differences, although cortical composite retention was significantly higher in the P type than in the MT type. These three subtypes also differed in demographic and clinical features. In conclusion, AD patients may be clustered into three subtypes with distinct topographical features of cortical atrophy and tau deposition, although amyloid deposition may not differ across the subtypes in terms of topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun Jeon
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seongho Seo
- Department of Neuroscience, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jeong
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Thomas Funck
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Tatsuo Ido
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Nobuyuki Okamura
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Alan C Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Noh
- Department of Neurology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
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32
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Lee H, Kang JM, Myung W, Choi J, Lee C, Na DL, Kim SY, Lee JH, Han SH, Choi SH, Kim SY, Cho SJ, Yeon BK, Kim DK, Lewis M, Lee EM, Kim CT, Kim H. Exposure to ambient fine particles and neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitive disorder: A repeated measure analysis from the CREDOS (Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea) study. Sci Total Environ 2019; 668:411-418. [PMID: 30852217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern that air pollution, especially those particles <2.5 μm (PM2.5), could increase the risk of cognitive impairment and mental disorders. However, the relationship between ambient PM2.5 and neuropsychiatric symptoms in people with cognitive impairment is still undetermined. This longitudinal study included 645 pairs of cognitively impaired subjects, who had not changed residence within Seoul, and their caregivers from the Clinical Research Center for Dementia of South Korea study cohort between September 2005 and June 2010 (1763 days). Neuropsychiatric symptoms were measured by the Korean version of the Neuropsychiatry Inventory, and caregiver burden was examined by the Neuropsychiatry Inventory Caregiver Distress Scale at the first and second visits at the outpatient clinic. District-specific PM2.5 concentrations were constructed over 1 month to 1 year prior to each visit. A log-linear regression using generalized estimating equations to account for repeated measures was used to assess the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and neuropsychiatric symptoms or caregiver burden. Aggravated neuropsychiatric symptoms were associated with exposure to high PM2.5 levels (adjusted percent change: 16.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.0-29.7] per 8.3 μg/m3 increase in 1-month moving averages). Increased caregiver burden was associated with high PM2.5 exposures only in caregivers for patients with Alzheimer's disease (adjusted percent change: 29.0% [95% CI, 8.1-53.9] per 8.3 μg/m3 increase in 1-month moving averages). The present results indicate that PM2.5 exposure is associated with aggravated neuropsychiatric symptoms and increased caregiver burden in subjects with cognitive impairment. The findings in this study suggest that the role of air pollution deserves great consideration in the aging population with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13619, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13619, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junbae Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunsoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13619, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Doh Kwan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthew Lewis
- The Department of General Practice, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Eun-Mi Lee
- Department of Health Science, Dongduk Women's University, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Kang SG, Kang JM. 0436 Higher Sleep EEG Spectral Power In Beta And Delta Bands During NREM Sleep In OSA Group Than In Simple Snoring Group. Sleep 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz067.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gul Kang
- Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea, Republic of
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34
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Kang JM, Joo SW, Son YD, Kim H, Ko KP, Lee JS, Kang SG. Low white-matter integrity between the left thalamus and inferior frontal gyrus in patients with insomnia disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018; 43:366-374. [PMID: 30371992 PMCID: PMC6203544 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported functional and structural abnormalities in the thalamus and the pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus in patients with insomnia disorder. However, no studies have been conducted on the white-matter tracts between these 2 brain regions. We aimed to compare the white-matter integrity and structure of the left thalamus–pars triangularis tracts between patients with insomnia and controls, and to characterize the relationship between white-matter integrity and clinical features in patients with insomnia. METHODS In total, 22 participants with insomnia disorder and 27 controls underwent overnight polysomnography and brain magnetic resonance imaging, and then completed self-report clinical questionnaires and neurocognitive tests for spatial planning. Structural and diffusion measures such as fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity and trace were analyzed in group comparison and correlation analyses. RESULTS The insomnia group showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy (F = 8.647, p = 0.02) and axial diffusivity (F = 5.895, p = 0.038) in the left thalamus–pars triangularis tracts than controls. In patients with insomnia, fractional anisotropy in the tracts was correlated with the results of the Stockings of Cambridge test (r = 0.451, p = 0.034), and radial diffusivity was correlated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (r = 0.437, p = 0.042). LIMITATIONS Limitations included analyses of limited brain regions and the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSION The insomnia group showed decreased integrity in the left thalamus–pars triangularis tracts, and integrity was correlated with cognition and daytime sleepiness. These results may imply that insomnia is characterized by disintegration of the white-matter tract between the left thalamus and inferior frontal gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jung Sun Lee
- Correspondence to: S. Kang, Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774 beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea; ; J. Lee, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Correspondence to: S. Kang, Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774 beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea; ; J. Lee, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea;
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Kang JM, Cho YS, Park S, Lee BH, Sohn BK, Choi CH, Choi JS, Jeong HY, Cho SJ, Lee JH, Lee JY. Montreal cognitive assessment reflects cognitive reserve. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:261. [PMID: 30376815 PMCID: PMC6208087 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0951-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is known to have discriminative power for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Recently Cognitive Reserve (CR) has been introduced as a factor that compensates cognitive decline. We aimed to assess whether the MoCA reflects CR. Furthermore, we assessed whether there were any differences in the efficacy between the MoCA and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in reflecting CR. Methods MoCA, MMSE, and the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq) were administered to 221 healthy participants. Normative data and associated factors of the MoCA were identified. Correlation and regression analyses of the MoCA, MMSE and CRIq scores were performed, and the MoCA score was compared with the MMSE score to evaluate the degree to which the MoCA reflected CR. Results The MoCA reflected total CRIq score (CRI; B = 0.076, P < 0.001), CRI-Education (B = 0.066, P < 0.001), and CRI-Working activity (B = 0.025, P = 0.042), while MMSE reflected total CRI (B = 0.044, P < 0.001) and CRI-Education (B = 0.049, P < 0.001) only. The MoCA differed from the MMSE in the reflection of total CRI (Z = 2.30). Conclusion In this study, we show that the MoCA score reflects CR more sensitively than the MMSE score. Therefore, we suggest that MoCA can be used to assess CR and early cognitive decline. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0951-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sung Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soowon Park
- Department of Education, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Lee
- Department of Psychology, Salisbury University, Salisbury, Maryland, USA
| | - Bo Kyung Sohn
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae-Ro 5-Gil, Shindaebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Bae SM, Kang JM, Chang HY, Han W, Lee SH. PTSD correlates with somatization in sexually abused children: Type of abuse moderates the effect of PTSD on somatization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199138. [PMID: 29927990 PMCID: PMC6013160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Somatization is a major post-traumatic symptom in sexually abused children. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and somatization, and between intelligence and somatization in child sexual abuse victims and to elucidate whether type of abuse had an effect on the relationship between PTSD symptoms and somatization. Methods This study evaluated the somatizations (Child Behavioral Checklist/6–18 [CBCL]), PTSD symptoms (Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children [TSCC]), and intelligence levels of 63 sexually abused children. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to predict somatization based on PTSD symptoms, intelligence, age, and type of sexual abuse, and to find moderating effect of type of abuse on the effect of PTSD symptom on somatization. Results PTSD symptoms (β = 0.471, p = 0.001) and intelligence (β = 0.327, p = 0.021) were associated with somatization. Type of abuse was not, by itself, correlated with somatization (β = 0.158, p = 0.281), but it did have a moderating effect on the effect of PTSD symptoms on somatization (Type of abuse*PTSD symptoms, β = -0.299, p = 0.047). PTSD symptoms were associated with somatization only among those who experienced the molestation type of abuse. Conclusions Somatization in sexually abused children was influenced by the severity of PTSD symptoms and intelligence, and the effect of the PTSD symptoms on somatization was moderated by type of abuse. Specifically, the rape type of abuse may attenuate the effect of post-traumatic symptoms on somatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Sunflower Children’s Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Sunflower Children’s Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Yoon Chang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Woori Han
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been noted to be a disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). After the failure to develop new drugs for AD, the number of studies on stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs), has increased from the early 2000 s. Issues pertaining to stem cells have been investigated in many animal studies in terms of stem cell origin, differentiation potency, method of culture, tumor formation, injection route, and mobility. Since 2010, mainly in East Asia, researchers began clinical trials investigating the use of stem cells for AD. Two phase I trials on moderate AD have been completed; though they revealed no severe acute or long-term side effects, no significant clinical efficacy was observed. Several studies, which involve more sophisticated study designs using different injection routes, well-established scales, and biomarkers such as amyloid positron emission tomography, are planned for mild to moderate AD patients. Here, we review the concept of stem cell therapy for AD and the progress of recent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.,Incheon Metropolitan Dementia Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yoo-Hun Suh
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Kang JM, Lee SY, Seo S, Jeong HJ, Woo SH, Lee H, Lee YB, Yeon BK, Shin DH, Park KH, Kang H, Okamura N, Furumoto S, Yanai K, Villemagne VL, Seong JK, Na DL, Ido T, Cho J, Lee KM, Noh Y. Tau positron emission tomography using [18F]THK5351 and cerebral glucose hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 59:210-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Bae SM, Kang JM, Hwang IC, Cho H, Cho SJ. Intelligence Is Associated With Voluntary Disclosure in Child Sexual Abuse Victims. J Adolesc Health 2017; 61:335-341. [PMID: 28712590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was (1) to determine whether intelligence level is associated with the pattern of the disclosure and (2) to elucidate which, between the verbal and performance intelligence, better reflect the pattern of disclosure in child and adolescent sexual abuse victims. METHODS Data were collected on 162 participants who visited a public center for sexually abused children and adolescents between January 2013 and December 2014. Demographic information, case characteristics, and disclosure pattern as well as intelligence quotients (IQs) of subjects were gathered. Intelligence was analyzed as level, full scale IQ, and the verbal and performance IQ. RESULTS Eighty-one subjects (50.0%) voluntarily disclosed that they have been sexually abused. In regression analysis, intellectual level, age, and the number of perpetrators were associated with disclosure pattern. Full scale IQ was associated with the disclosure pattern (odds ratio = .983, 95% confidence interval = .968-.997, p = .017). When intelligence was divided into verbal and performance IQ, verbal IQ affected the pattern of disclosure (odds ratio = .973, 95% confidence interval = .956-.991, p = .003) with linear correlation (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS We found that IQ was associated with the disclosure pattern. The intelligence, especially in verbal domain, is linearly correlated with the probability of voluntary disclosure. We suggest that special legal assistance and social concern are required for children and adolescent victims below normal intelligence to make them disclose the sexual abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; Sunflower Children's Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyeongrae Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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Kang SG, Na KS, Kang JM, Yeon BK, Lee JY, Cho SJ. Dementia Care by Healthy Elderly Caregivers Is Associated with Improvement of Patients' Memory and the Caregivers' Quality of Life: A Before and After Study. Psychiatry Investig 2017; 14:458-462. [PMID: 28845173 PMCID: PMC5561404 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2017.14.4.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The provision of care for elderly people with dementia by healthy elderly caregivers is one of the new health-care paradigms in South Korea. The aim of this study was to determine whether this type of care, which includes cognitive stimulation, would improve the cognitive function of dementia patients and the quality of life of the healthy elderly caregiver. METHODS Totals of 132 dementia patients and 197 healthy elderly caregivers participated in this study. We evaluated the cognitive function of the dementia patients at baseline and after providing the program for 6 months using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease, 1st Edition (CERAD-K). We also evaluated the quality of life of the healthy elderly caregivers using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Short Version (WHOQOL-BREF) at baseline and after 6 months. RESULTS The word-list memory results of CERAD-K for the included dementia patients improved after 6 months (Z=-2.855, p=0.004). The WHOQOL-BREF score among the elderly caregiver also improved significantly (Z=-2.354, p=0.019). CONCLUSION These data suggest that dementia care is associated with improvements in both the cognitive function of dementia patients and the quality of life of the healthy elderly caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Kang JM, Lee J, Cho Y, Park S, Sohn BK, Cho S, Lee J. [P1–310]: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MONTREAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT AND MINI‐MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION IN REFLECTING COGNITIVE RESERVE. Alzheimers Dement 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myeong Kang
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonRepublic of South Korea
| | - Jun‐Young Lee
- SMG‐SNU Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of South Korea
| | - Young‐Sung Cho
- Seoul National University, Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of South Korea
| | - Soowon Park
- Sejong UniversitySeoulRepublic of South Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Sohn
- Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of South Korea
| | - Seong‐Jin Cho
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonRepublic of South Korea
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Kang SG, Kang JM, Cho SJ, Ko KP, Lee YJ, Lee HJ, Kim L, Winkelman JW. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Using a Mobile Application Synchronizable With Wearable Devices for Insomnia Treatment: A Pilot Study. J Clin Sleep Med 2017; 13:633-640. [PMID: 28162145 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.6564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The use of telemedicine with a mobile application (MA) and a wearable device (WD) for the management of sleep disorders has recently received considerable attention. We designed an MA synchronizable with a WD for insomnia treatment. Our pilot study determined the efficacy of simplified group cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) delivered using our MA and assessed participant adherence to and satisfaction with the device. METHODS The efficacy of the CBT-I using MA (CBT-I-MA) was assessed by comparing sleep variables (sleep efficiency [SE], Insomnia Severity Index [ISI], and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory [PSQI] scores) before and after a 4-week treatment protocol in 19 patients with insomnia disorder patients. SE was assessed using a sleep diary, actigraphy, and the PSQI. RESULTS The intervention significantly improved all three measures of SE (P < .05), and the response rate to treatment was high (94.7%). Total ISI and PSQI scores and sleep latency, as measured by the sleep diary, improved significantly. Participants showed relatively good adherence to our MA, and sleep diary entries were made on 24.3 ± 3.8 of 28 days. Moreover, 94.7% of the participants reported that our MA was effective for treating insomnia. CONCLUSIONS Our pilot study suggested the clinical usefulness of a CBT-I-MA. We expect that our findings will lead to further development and replication studies of CBT-I-MA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Pil Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Leen Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - John W Winkelman
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Choi S, Kim KK, Lee WS, Kang JM, Park YH. Living Donor Liver Transplantation in a Patient With Extensive Portomesenteric Venous Thrombosis: Case Report. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:3153-3155. [PMID: 27932170 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Extensive portomesenteric venous thrombus preventing restoration of adequate portal venous flow used to be considered a contraindication to liver transplantation. The subject was a 49-year-old male with hepatitis B cirrhosis and extensive thrombosis of portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins, and two large collateral vessels; one dilated and tortuous inferior to the pancreaticoduodenal vein and relevant to splanchnic venous return and the other a dilated coronary vein relevant to splenic venous return. During operation, the portal vein was anastomosed to these large collateral vessels using cryopreserved iliac vein. In conclusion, portal reconstruction with large collateral vessels in living-donor liver transplantation could be used selectively for patients with extensive portomesenteric venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Choi
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medicine and Science, Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - K K Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medicine and Science, Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medicine and Science, Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medicine and Science, Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Park
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon Medicine and Science, Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Chen JF, Zhang YF, Kang JM, Qin XY, Wang MF, Wang G, Yang LH. [Construction of the pIRES2-ZsGreen1 eukaryotic expression vector of Factor Ⅸ gene and expression in HEK-293 cells]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:971-975. [PMID: 27995883 PMCID: PMC7348507 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
目的 以含有凝血因子Ⅸ(FⅨ)cDNA的pcDNA/FⅨ质粒为模板构建真核表达载体pIRES2-ZsGreen1/FⅨ并检测其在HEK-293细胞中的表达。 方法 以pcDNA/FⅨ质粒为模板,扩增出目的基因FⅨ的开放阅读框(ORF)区,使用Infusion酶对线性pIRES2-ZsGreen1双酶切产物及FⅨORF扩增产物进行连接,连接产物进行转化后筛选阳性克隆,对阳性克隆进行DNA测序及凝胶电泳鉴定。野生型pIRES2-ZsGreen1/FⅨ转染HEK-293细胞后,分别采用实时定量PCR、细胞免疫荧光法、一期法检测野生型FⅨ基因mRNA表达水平、蛋白的表达量及细胞裂解液、细胞培养液的FⅨ活性。 结果 成功构建pIRES2-ZsGreen1/FⅨ并转染HEK-293细胞,实时定量PCR证实HEK-293细胞表达FⅨ mRNA,激光共聚焦显微镜下观察到FⅨ蛋白在细胞质中合成,野生型质粒pIRES2-ZsGreen1/FⅨ转染HEK-293细胞裂解液和细胞培养液的FⅨ活性分别为(92.03±0.29)%、(86.89±8.78)%,无转染的HEK-293细胞裂解液和培养液中FⅨ活性均为0。 结论 成功构建FⅨ野生型pIRES2-ZsGreen1真核表达载体。
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Chen
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Kang JM, Kang SG, Cho SJ, Lee YJ, Lee HJ, Kim JE, Shin SH, Park KH, Kim ST. The quality of life of suspected obstructive sleep apnea patients is related to their subjective sleep quality rather than the apnea-hypopnea index. Sleep Breath 2016; 21:369-375. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-016-1427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Noh Y, Lee H, Lee SY, Lee YB, Lee KM, Park KH, Heo JH, Yoon CW, Kang JM, Okamura N, Furumoto S, Yanai K, Na DL, Ido T. P4‐342: TAU PET Imaging in Semantic Variant Primary Progressive Aphasia Using
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F‐THK5351 PET. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Noh
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonSouth Korea
| | - Hyon Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Min Lee
- Seoul National University HospitalSeoulThe Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Collage of Medicine, Gachon UniversityIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | | | - Cindy W. Yoon
- Inha University School of MedicineIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Kazuhiko Yanai
- Tohoku University School of MedicineSendai CityJapan
- CYRIC, Tohoku UniversitySendai CityJapan
| | - Duk L. Na
- Samsung Medical CenterSeoulThe Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuo Ido
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon UniversityIncheonThe Republic of Korea
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Noh Y, Kang JM, Lee SY, Lee KM, Lee YB, Yeon BK, Park KH, Okamura N, Furumoto S, Yanai K, Seong JK, Na DL, Ido T. P4‐341: Neurofibrillary Tangle Formation and Synaptic Loss: Which Comes First? Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Noh
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonSouth Korea
| | - Jae Myeong Kang
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyoung-Min Lee
- Seoul National University HospitalSeoulThe Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Kil Yeon
- Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hyung Park
- Collage of Medicine, Gachon UniversityIncheonThe Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Kazuhiko Yanai
- Tohoku University School of MedicineSendai CityJapan
- CYRIC, Tohoku UniversitySendai CityJapan
| | | | - Duk L. Na
- Samsung Medical CenterSeoulThe Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuo Ido
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon UniversityIncheonThe Republic of Korea
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48
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Lyoo YS, Kleiboeker SB, Jang KY, Shin NK, Kang JM, Kim CH, Lee SJ, Sur JH. A Simple and Rapid Chromatographic Strip Test for Detection of Antibody to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 17:469-73. [PMID: 16312241 DOI: 10.1177/104063870501700512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to be a major economic problem for swine industries worldwide despite several disease-reduction strategies such as age-segregated early weaning and all-in-all-out pig movement. Routine diagnosis of PRRSV is carried out by the combined use of an antibody-detecting enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and virus isolation. These assays require specialized laboratory equipment in addition to multistep sample handling and sample preparation. The objective of this study was to evaluate a simple pen-side assay (BioSign™ PRRSV) for rapid detection of PRRSV antibody based on a lateral flow chromatographic strip immunoassay system. This assay uses Escherichia coli–expressed viral nucleocapsid protein antigen for detecting antibodies against PRRSV in swine sera. In this report, the authors describe the evaluation of this assay using sera from both clinical samples and experimentally infected piglets. The results were compared with those of a standard, commercially available antibody ELISA (HerdChek®PRRS ELISA) and an indirect immunofluorescence assay using the same serum samples. The BioSign™ PRRSV assay was capable of detecting antibodies in sera known to contain antibodies to PRRSV, resulting in 93.2% sensitivity for samples from experimentally infected pigs and 98.7% sensitivity for clinical serum samples. For sera that did not contain antibodies to PRRSV, the specificity was found to be 98.5% and 99.2% for clinical and experimental serum samples, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Lyoo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Seo JH, Kang JM, Hwang SH, Han KD, Joo YH. Relationship between tinnitus and suicidal behaviour in Korean men and women: a cross-sectional study. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 41:222-7. [PMID: 26147195 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the prevalence of suicidal ideation and behaviour in a representative sample of South Koreans with or without tinnitus. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Based on data from the 2010 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). PARTICIPANTS The study included 17 446 Korean individuals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants provided demographic, socio-economic and behavioural information, as well as responses to questionnaires assessing the presence and severity of tinnitus, mental health status regarding stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and attempts. In the univariate analysis, the Rao-Scott chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to test the association between tinnitus and risk factors. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between tinnitus and mental status. RESULTS A total of 20.9% and 1.2% of participants with tinnitus, and 12.2% and 0.6% of those without, reported suicidal ideation and attempts, respectively (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.001). Participants reporting suicide attempts showed a higher proportion of severe annoying (6.0%) and irritating (11.8%) tinnitus than those with suicidal ideation (1.4% and 10.2%, respectively). Risks for experiencing tinnitus were significantly associated with suicidal ideation and attempts after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSION This study has important implications for enhanced screening and evaluation of mental health status and suicidal ideation/behaviour among tinnitus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Seo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J M Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - K D Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Joo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Yun SM, Yoon K, Lee S, Kim E, Kong SH, Choe J, Kang JM, Han TS, Kim P, Choi Y, Jho S, Yoo H, Bhak J, Yang HK, Kim SJ. PPP1R1B-STARD3 chimeric fusion transcript in human gastric cancer promotes tumorigenesis through activation of PI3K/AKT signaling. Oncogene 2013; 33:5341-7. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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