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Wong CYJ, Baldelli A, Tietz O, van der Hoven J, Suman J, Ong HX, Traini D. An overview of in vitro and in vivo techniques for characterization of intranasal protein and peptide formulations for brain targeting. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123922. [PMID: 38401871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The surge in neurological disorders necessitates innovative strategies for delivering active pharmaceutical ingredients to the brain. The non-invasive intranasal route has emerged as a promising approach to optimize drug delivery to the central nervous system by circumventing the blood-brain barrier. While the intranasal approach offers numerous advantages, the lack of a standardized protocol for drug testing poses challenges to both in vitro and in vivo studies, limiting the accurate interpretation of nasal drug delivery and pharmacokinetic data. This review explores the in vitro experimental assays employed by the pharmaceutical industry to test intranasal formulation. The focus lies on understanding the diverse techniques used to characterize the intranasal delivery of drugs targeting the brain. Parameters such as drug release, droplet size measurement, plume geometry, deposition in the nasal cavity, aerodynamic performance and mucoadhesiveness are scrutinized for their role in evaluating the performance of nasal drug products. The review further discusses the methodology for in vivo characterization in detail, which is essential in evaluating and refining drug efficacy through the nose-to-brain pathway. Animal models are indispensable for pre-clinical drug testing, offering valuable insights into absorption efficacy and potential variables affecting formulation safety. The insights presented aim to guide future research in intranasal drug delivery for neurological disorders, ensuring more accurate predictions of therapeutic efficacy in clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yuen Jerry Wong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alberto Baldelli
- Faculty of Food and Land Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ole Tietz
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Julia van der Hoven
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Julie Suman
- Next Breath, an Aptar Pharma Company, Baltimore, MD 21227, USA
| | - Hui Xin Ong
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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Yu YS, Xu H, AboulFotouh K, Williams G, Suman J, Sahakijpijarn S, Cano C, Warnken ZN, Wu KCW, Williams RO, Cui Z. Intranasal delivery of thin-film freeze-dried monoclonal antibodies using a powder nasal spray system. Int J Pharm 2024; 653:123892. [PMID: 38350499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) administered intranasally as dry powders can be potentially applied for the treatment or pre-exposure prevention of viral infections in the upper respiratory tract. However, a method to transform the mAbs from liquid to dry powders suitable for intranasal administration and a device that can spray the dry powders to the desired region of the nasal cavity are needed to fully realize the potentials of the mAbs. Herein, we report that thin-film freeze-dried mAb powders can be sprayed into the posterior nasal cavity using Aptar Pharma's Unidose (UDS) Powder Nasal Spray System. AUG-3387, a human-derived mAb that neutralizes the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was used in the present study. First, we prepared thin-film freeze-dried AUG-3387 powders (i.e., TFF AUG-3387 powders) from liquid formulations containing different levels of mAbs. The TFF AUG-3387 powder with the highest solid content (i.e., TFF AUG-3387C) was then chosen for further characterization, including the evaluation of the plume geometry, spray pattern, and particle size distribution after the powder was sprayed using the UDS Powder Nasal Spray. Finally, the deposition patterns of the TFF AUG-3387C powder sprayed using the UDS Powder delivery system were studied using 3D-printed nasal replica casts based on the CT scans of an adult and a child. It is concluded that it is feasible to intranasally deliver mAbs as dry powders by transforming the mAbs into dry powders using thin-film freeze-drying and then spraying the powder using a powder nasal spray system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Yu
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, TX, United States; National Taiwan University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haiyue Xu
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Khaled AboulFotouh
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, TX, United States; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Chris Cano
- TFF Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | | | - Kevin C-W Wu
- National Taiwan University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan; National Health Research Institute, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Robert O Williams
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, TX, United States.
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Yu YS, AboulFotouh K, Xu H, Williams G, Suman J, Cano C, Warnken ZN, C-W Wu K, Williams Iii RO, Cui Z. Feasibility of intranasal delivery of thin-film freeze-dried, mucoadhesive vaccine powders. Int J Pharm 2023; 640:122990. [PMID: 37127138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intranasal vaccination by directly applying a vaccine dry powder is appealing. However, a method that can be used to transform a vaccine from a liquid to a dry powder and a device that can be used to administer the powder to the desired region(s) of the nasal cavity are critical for successful intranasal vaccination. In the present study, using a model vaccine that contains liposomal monophosphoryl lipid A and QS-21 adjuvant (AdjLMQ) and ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen, it was shown that thin-film freeze-drying can be applied to convert the liquid vaccine containing sucrose at a sucrose to lipid ratio of 15:1 (w/w) into dry powders, in the presence or absence of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) as a mucoadhesive agent. Ultimately, the thin-film freeze-dried AdjLMQ/OVA vaccine powder containing 1.9% (w/w) of CMC (i.e., TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% powder) was selected for additional evaluation because the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% powder was mucoadhesive and maintained the integrity of the antigen and the physical properties of the vaccine. Compared to the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA powder that did not contain CMC, the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% powder had a lower moisture content and a higher glass transition temperature. In addition, the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% thin films were relatively thicker than the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA thin films without CMC. When sprayed with Aptar Pharma's Unidose Powder Nasal Spray System (UDSP), the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA powder and the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% powder generated similar particle size distribution curves, spray patterns, and plume geometries. Importantly, after the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% powder was sprayed with the UDSP nasal device, the integrity of the OVA antigen and the AdjLMQ liposomes did not change. Finally, a Taguchi L4 orthogonal array was applied to identify the optimal parameters for using the UDSP device to deliver the TFF AdjLMQ/OVA/CMC1.9% vaccine powder to the middle and lower turbinate and the nasopharynx regions in both adult and child nasal replica casts. Results from this study showed that it is feasible to apply the TFF technology to transform a nasal vaccine candidate from liquid to a dry powder and then use the UDSP nasal device to deliver the TFF vaccine powder to the desired regions in the nasal cavity for intranasal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Yu
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, United States; National Taiwan University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Khaled AboulFotouh
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Haiyue Xu
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, United States
| | | | | | - Chris Cano
- TFF Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | | | - Kevin C-W Wu
- National Taiwan University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan; National Health Research Institute, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Robert O Williams Iii
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, Texas, United States.
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Baxter S, Myatt B, Stein S, Parkinson A, Chambers F, Doub B, Grmas J, Suman J, Miller K, Sinha B, Liao L, Carter I, Farina D, Sarrailh S, Fischer M, Walsh D, Nagao L. Spray Pattern and Plume Geometry Testing and Methodology: An IPAC-RS Working Group Overview. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:145. [PMID: 35585210 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plume characterization for orally inhaled and nasal drug products (OINDP) provides valuable information during OINDP development. Spray pattern and plume geometry techniques, methods, and technology have evolved over the past 20 years since the publication of the original 1998 FDA MDI DPI draft guidance. The International Pharmaceutical Aerosol Consortium on Regulation and Science (IPAC-RS) discusses the historical context and background to plume geometry and spray pattern characterization studies; provides an analysis of the current regulatory context; addresses results from its industry surveys on application and value of such testing; and presents case studies and best practices-seeking to provide insights to regulatory bodies and other stakeholders. Assessment and consideration of published studies and industry experience note the value of plume geometry and spray pattern in development, and that further data is needed regarding their use in assessing formulation characteristics. Continued dialogue between industry and regulatory bodies is needed to establish the optimum use of these techniques.
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Jackson T, Waterman D, Ahamed A, Lennon R, Suman J, Murray Y, Brady D, Harrison S. A REGIONAL RE-AUDIT OF THE SYMPTOMATIC MANAGEMENT OF NAUSEA & VOMITING IN THE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF MALIGNANT BOWEL OBSTRUCTION. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000654.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Makidon PE, Nigavekar SS, Bielinska AU, Mank N, Shetty AM, Suman J, Knowlton J, Myc A, Rook T, Baker JR. Characterization of stability and nasal delivery systems for immunization with nanoemulsion-based vaccines. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2010; 23:77-89. [PMID: 19778268 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2009.0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many infectious diseases that cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in the developing world, could be preventable through vaccination. The effort to produce safe, thermally stable, and needle-free mucosal vaccines has become increasingly important for global health considerations. We have previously demonstrated that a thermally stable nanoemulsion, a mucosal adjuvant for needle-free nasal immunization, is safe and induces protective immunity with a variety of antigens, including recombinant protein. The successful use of nanoemulsion-based vaccines, however, poses numerous challenges. Among the challenges is optimization of the formulation to maintain thermal stability and potency and another is accuracy and efficiency of dispensing the vaccines to the nasal mucosa in the anterior and turbinate region of the nasal cavity or potentially to the nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue. METHODS We have examined the effects of different diluents [phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and 0.9% NaCl] on the stability and potency of nanoemulsion-based vaccines. In addition, we have determined the efficiency of delivering them using commercially available nasal spray devices (Pfeiffer SAP-62602 multidose pump and the BD Hypak SCF 0.5 ml unit dose Accuspray(TM)). RESULTS We report the stability and potency of PBS-diluted ovalbumin-nanomeulsion mixtures for up to 8 months and NaCl-diluted mixtures up to 6 months when stored at room temperature. Significant differences in spray characteristics including droplet size, spray angle, plume width, and ovality ratios were observed between the two pumps. Further, we have demonstrated that the nanoemulsion-based vaccines are not physically or chemically altered and retain potency following actuation with nasal spray devices. Using either device, the measured spray characteristics suggest deposition of nanoemulsion-based vaccines in inductive tissues located in the anterior region of the nasal cavity. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that nanoemulsion-based vaccines do not require specially engineered delivery devices and support their potential use as nasopharyngeal vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Makidon
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5648, USA.
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Abstract
The humble origins of the propellant driven metered dose inhaler, as a response to a child's enquiry, initiated an industry which supplies approximately a half billion inhalers globally for the treatment of asthma. These inhalers fall into three major groups: nebulizers; propellant driven metered dose inhalers and dry powder inhalers. Each requires drug formulation, metering and device technology to be successful. In recent years there have been several new developments in the field including auxiliary systems to improve drug delivery from the device to the patient and new categories of device, notably single breath aqueous systems. As device technology improves and our understanding of the disease leads to new drugs the only barrier to therapy is the patient. Patient training and compliance will continue to be important factors in the success, or failure, of inhaled therapy and the role of health care professionals will depend on who sponsors their intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Dalby
- University of Maryland, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201-1180, USA.
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Wójtowicz J, Karwowski A, Pawlak B, Suman J, Wojna J. [Radiological diagnosis of partial detachment heart of valvula prosthesis (author's transl)]. Pol Przegl Radiol Med Nukl 1977; 41:301-4. [PMID: 604948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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