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Tsunetoshi Y, Usui A, Inukai K, Yamada M, Kawamoto M, Kayata H, Amano K, Yakushiji H, Mukai N, Nakata Y, Yokota J. Novel laparoscopic methods for inguinal hernia post pelvic fracture: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 67:173-177. [PMID: 32062503 PMCID: PMC7025095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery in elderly patients with pelvic fracture are expected to rise in the future. Surgery for inguinal hernia can be challenging due to extensive adhesion formation. Effective novel laparoscopic methods used: laparoscopic IPTR and mIPOM approach. Laparoscopic surgery useful in flexibility of surgical options (TAPP, IPTR, IPOM).
Introduction Pelvic fractures can occur in minor injuries, such as falls, in the elderly. Extensive adhesion of preperitoneal space is common after pelvic fracture surgery; hence, surgical interventions for inguinal hernia may be challenging. We treated a case of inguinal hernia after pelvic fracture surgery, using novel laparoscopic methods: iliopubic tract repair (IPTR) and modified intraperitoneal onlay mesh (mIPOM) approach. Presentation of case This is the case of an elderly male with pelvic fracture. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed. Eighteen months after the procedure, a right inguinal bulge appeared, swelling increased, and he opted for surgery. We chose laparoscopic surgery to determine the status of the hernia and anatomy around the pelvis. He was diagnosed with an indirect inguinal hernia, and the inner inguinal ring was widely open. We chose the mIPOM approach and IPTR. He was discharged on day 3 post-operation. He developed a seroma after surgery, which disappeared after a month. Six months post-operation, no recurrence or neurologic pain observed. Discussion The transabdominal preperitoneal approach (TAPP) was initiated at first; however, the adhesion inside the inferior epigastric vessels was very strong, challenging to break into the preperitoneal space. We switched to the mIPOM method because the peritoneum was fragile and difficult to suture. Additionally, the internal ring was widely opened; hence, we proceeded with IPTR on confirmation that no tension on the abdominal wall was applied. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery is useful in flexibility of surgical options, such as TAPP, IPTR, IPOM, in addition to hybrid conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tsunetoshi
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Usui
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Koichi Inukai
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Motohiko Yamada
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Masanori Kawamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kayata
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Koji Amano
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Yakushiji
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Nobutaka Mukai
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Yasuki Nakata
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Junichiro Yokota
- Sakai City Medical Center, Critical Care Medical Center, Department of Acute Care Surgery, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
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Inukai K, Usui A, Yamada M, Amano K, Mukai N, Tsunetoshi Y, Nakata Y, Yokota J. Open abdominal management for perforative peritonitis with septic shock: a retrospective analysis on usefulness of a standardized treatment protocol. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2019; 47:93-98. [PMID: 30949740 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-019-01132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Damage control surgery (DCS) with open abdominal management (OAM) has been increasingly expanded to include critically ill non-trauma patients. However, there is limited data regarding the usefulness of this protocol for the treatment of severe perforative peritonitis (PP), especially with septic shock (SS). Here, we retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of our OAM protocol for PP with SS. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients with from June 2015 to September 2018. The proposed protocol was composed of the following steps: (1) rapid control of contamination; (2) temporary abdominal closure; (3) repeated washout of the abdominal cavity; and (4) delayed definitive surgery. For temporary abdominal closure, a negative pressure wound therapy device was used. The end points were the morbidity and 30-day mortality rates. Logistic backward regression was performed to identify factors associated with complications. RESULTS The mortality rate was 4% (1/25) and the overall morbidity rate of surviving patients was 58.3% (14/24). The mean duration of the first DCS was 67.36 ± 22.83 min. The median durations of ventilation and intensive care unit stay were 5 and 7 days, respectively. Although not significant, morbidity might be associated with age, diabetes mellitus, initial operative time, and OAM duration. CONCLUSIONS A standardized protocol for OAM may improve the outcomes of patients with SS due to PP. This damage control approach can be applied for the treatment of severe abdominal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Inukai
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Usui
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Motohiko Yamada
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Koji Amano
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Mukai
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tsunetoshi
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Yasuki Nakata
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yokota
- Department of Acute Care Surgery, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-cho, Nishi-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan
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Nitta D, Kinugawa K, Yokota J, Endo M, Tsuji M, Saito A, Minatsuki S, Amiya E, Hatano M, Ono M, Komuro I. The Presence of Microchannel in Optical Coherence Tomography is Associated With the Plaque Volume of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy After Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Anadón C, Guil S, Simó-Riudalbas L, Moutinho C, Setien F, Martínez-Cardús A, Moran S, Villanueva A, Calaf M, Vidal A, Lazo PA, Zondervan I, Savola S, Kohno T, Yokota J, Ribas de Pouplana L, Esteller M. Gene amplification-associated overexpression of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 enhances human lung tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2016; 35:4422. [PMID: 27345394 PMCID: PMC4994013 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Yokota J. [Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) managed by Japan Trauma Care and Research (JTCR)]. Nihon Rinsho 2016; 74:329-336. [PMID: 26915261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Japan Trauma Care and Research (JTCR) was founded for operating the trauma care education and research in 2005. Japan Advanced Trauma Evaluation and Care (JATEC) is an educational program of trauma care established by The Japanese Association for The Surgery of Trauma (JAST) and the Japanese Association of Acute Medicine (JAAM), managed by JTCR. The Japan Trauma Data Bank (JTDB) is the only database organization of Japan trauma registry that was also established by JAST and JAAM, and managed by JTCR. Registry data that is collected from the JTDB is compiled annually and disseminated in the forms of hospital benchmark reports, data quality reports, and research data sets.
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Anadón C, Guil S, Simó-Riudalbas L, Moutinho C, Setien F, Martínez-Cardús A, Moran S, Villanueva A, Calaf M, Vidal A, Lazo PA, Zondervan I, Savola S, Kohno T, Yokota J, Ribas de Pouplana L, Esteller M. Gene amplification-associated overexpression of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 enhances human lung tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2015; 35:4407-13. [PMID: 26640150 PMCID: PMC4842009 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of new therapies against particular genetic mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer is a promising avenue for improving patient survival, but the target population is small. There is a need to discover new potential actionable genetic lesions, to which end, non-conventional cancer pathways, such as RNA editing, are worth exploring. Herein we show that the adenosine-to-inosine editing enzyme ADAR1 undergoes gene amplification in non-small cancer cell lines and primary tumors in association with higher levels of the corresponding mRNA and protein. From a growth and invasion standpoint, the depletion of ADAR1 expression in amplified cells reduces their tumorigenic potential in cell culture and mouse models, whereas its overexpression has the opposite effects. From a functional perspective, ADAR1 overexpression enhances the editing frequencies of target transcripts such as NEIL1 and miR-381. In the clinical setting, patients with early-stage lung cancer, but harboring ADAR1 gene amplification, have poor outcomes. Overall, our results indicate a role for ADAR1 as a lung cancer oncogene undergoing gene amplification-associated activation that affects downstream RNA editing patterns and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Anadón
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Guil
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Simó-Riudalbas
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Moutinho
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - F Setien
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A Martínez-Cardús
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Moran
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A Villanueva
- Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL-Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Calaf
- Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBELL-Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - A Vidal
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Bellvitge Unviversity Hospital, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - P A Lazo
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biologıa Molecular y Celular del Cancer, CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - S Savola
- MRC-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Yokota
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Genomics and Epigenomics of Cancer Prediction Program, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (IMPPC), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), c/ Baldiri Reixac 10 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - M Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), c/ Baldiri Reixac 10 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Nakahara S, Matsuoka T, Ueno M, Mizushima Y, Ichikawa M, Yokota J. Extremity Injuries as Predictors of Emergency Care Resource Needs among Blunt Trauma Patients in Japan. Am Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481408000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to exhaustively examine associations between prehospital variables and emergency care resource needs among blunt trauma patients. The study included blunt trauma patients aged 15 years or older who were admitted to a tertiary care medical center in Osaka, Japan, from January 2005 to December 2009. The primary end point was a composite measure of overall emergency care resource needs. Predictive variables were easily detectable upper and lower extremity injuries. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify associations between the predictive variables and the end point; this model included other covariates known to be associated with emergency care resource needs (demographic characteristics, mechanism of injury, and physiological parameters). Of 982 blunt trauma patients, 81 died, and 573 required overall emergency care resources. Upper extremity injury (odds ratio [OR], 2.60) and lower extremity injury (OR, 4.50) were significantly associated with overall emergency care resource needs after controlling for other covariates. The results of this study suggest that easily detectable extremity injuries may be useful predictors of the emergency care resource needs of trauma patients. Further studies are needed to validate the predictive values of these injuries and to determine ways to use information about extremity injuries to improve triage decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Nakahara
- Department of Epidemiology, Saint Marianna University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuoka
- Senshu Trauma and Critical Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan; the
| | - Masato Ueno
- Senshu Trauma and Critical Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan; the
| | - Yasuaki Mizushima
- Senshu Trauma and Critical Care Center, Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan; the
| | - Masao Ichikawa
- City University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and
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Nakahara S, Matsuoka T, Ueno M, Mizushima Y, Ichikawa M, Yokota J. Extremity injuries as predictors of emergency care resource needs among blunt trauma patients in Japan. Am Surg 2014; 80:197-203. [PMID: 24480223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to exhaustively examine associations between prehospital variables and emergency care resource needs among blunt trauma patients. The study included blunt trauma patients aged 15 years or older who were admitted to a tertiary care medical center in Osaka, Japan, from January 2005 to December 2009. The primary end point was a composite measure of overall emergency care resource needs. Predictive variables were easily detectable upper and lower extremity injuries. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify associations between the predictive variables and the end point; this model included other covariates known to be associated with emergency care resource needs (demographic characteristics, mechanism of injury, and physiological parameters). Of 982 blunt trauma patients, 81 died, and 573 required overall emergency care resources. Upper extremity injury (odds ratio [OR], 2.60) and lower extremity injury (OR, 4.50) were significantly associated with overall emergency care resource needs after controlling for other covariates. The results of this study suggest that easily detectable extremity injuries may be useful predictors of the emergency care resource needs of trauma patients. Further studies are needed to validate the predictive values of these injuries and to determine ways to use information about extremity injuries to improve triage decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Nakahara
- Department of Epidemiology, Saint Marianna University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Nakahara S, Uchida Y, Oda J, Yokota J. Bridging classification for injury diagnoses that can be converted to both the International Classification of Diseases and the Abbreviated Injury Scale. Acute Med Surg 2013; 1:10-16. [PMID: 29930816 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is currently undergoing a revision process to develop the Eleventh Revision (ICD-11), but substantial modification of chapter 19 has not been proposed despite its known problems in describing injury severity and multiple injuries. Many facilities treating trauma patients perform duplicate coding for trauma diagnoses using two different classification systems, the ICD for administrative purposes and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for trauma registry, because unambiguous conversion of codes between the ICD and AIS is not always possible due to structural differences. Aim We developed a new bridging classification system which can be unambiguously converted to both ICD and AIS. Methods and Results The bridging classification adopted multidimensional coding and addressed differences in granularity and classification boundaries by adopting the more detailed categorizations whenever the granularity and classification boundaries differed between the ICD and AIS. Then we showed that the bridging classification codes could unambiguously converted to both ICD and AIS. Conclusion Once injuries are coded using the bridging classification, the ICD and AIS codes are readily available. Integrating the new bridging classification into the ICD-11, possibly as a clinical modification, would eliminate the necessity of complicated procedures for code conversion and duplicate coding, and benefit users by building on the strengths of both the ICD and AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuyuki Uchida
- Department of Emergency Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Jun Oda
- Department of Emergency Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan
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Oike T, Ogiwara H, Torikai K, Nakano T, Yokota J, Kohno T. Garcinol, a Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitor, Radiosensitizes Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Nonhomologous End Joining. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Adachi J, Kohno T, Baeg G, Akiyama T, Yokota J. Growth suppression of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells by the introduction of the p16(INK4A) gene. Int J Oncol 2012; 10:33-9. [PMID: 21533340 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.10.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The p16(INK4A) gene is frequently inactivated in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) by either mutations, deletions or DNA methylations. To assess the biological significance of p16(INK4A) inactivation in the development of NSCLC, full-length p16(INK4A) cDNA was introduced into NSCLC cell lines, A549 and H322, in which p16(INK4A) was homozygously deleted. NSCLC cells transfected with the p16(INK4A) expression vector formed colonies in 20-68% of those with a control vector, and exogenous p16(INK4A) protein was expressed in 4 of 68 A549-derived clones and none of 29 H322-derived clones, respectively. A549-derived clones which stably expressed the exogenous p16(INK4A) gene showed significant decrease in growth rate in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo in proportion to the level of p16(INK4A) expression. Furthermore, the cell cycle of these cells significantly delayed with accumulation of cells in G1 phase. Micro-injection of p16(INK4A) expression vector also revealed that p16(INK4A) blocked S phase entry in both A549 and H322 cells. These results suggest that the restoration of the p16(INK4A) function suppresses the growth of NSCLC cells by induction of G1 arrest in the cells. Therefore, inactivation of p16(INK4A) may play an important role in the enhancement of unregulated NSCLC growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adachi
- NATL CANC CTR,RES INST,DIV BIOL,CHUO KU,TOKYO 104,JAPAN. OSAKA UNIV,MICROBIAL DIS RES INST,DEPT ONCOGENE RES,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN
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Nakahara S, Yokota J. Revision of the International Classification of Diseases to include standardized descriptions of multiple injuries and injury severity. Bull World Health Organ 2011; 89:238-40. [PMID: 21379422 DOI: 10.2471/blt.10.078964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Nakahara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Nakahara S, Matsuoka T, Ueno M, Mizushima Y, Ichikawa M, Yokota J. Triage protocol modifications to reduce undertriage. J Trauma 2011; 71:267-268. [PMID: 21818045 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e318220fe7a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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Ogiwara H, Ui A, Otsuka A, Satoh H, Yokomi I, Nakajima S, Yasui A, Yokota J, Kohno T. Histone acetylation by CBP and p300 at double-strand break sites facilitates SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling and the recruitment of non-homologous end joining factors. Oncogene 2011. [PMID: 21217779 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.592;] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major repair pathway for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) generated by ionizing radiation (IR) and anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, inhibiting the activity of proteins involved in this pathway is a promising way of sensitizing cancer cells to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, we developed an assay for evaluating NHEJ activity against DSBs in chromosomal DNA in human cells to identify the chromatin modification/remodeling proteins involved in NHEJ. We showed that ablating the activity of the homologous histone acetyltransferases, CBP and p300, using inhibitors or small interfering RNAs-suppressed NHEJ. Ablation of CBP or p300 impaired IR-induced DSB repair and sensitized lung cancer cells to IR and the anti-cancer drug, etoposide, which induces DSBs that are repaired by NHEJ. The CBP/p300 proteins were recruited to sites of DSBs and their ablation suppressed acetylation of lysine 18 within histone H3, and lysines 5, 8, 12, and 16 within histone H4, at the DSB sites. This then suppressed the recruitment of KU70 and KU80, both key proteins for NHEJ, to the DSB sites. Ablation of CBP/p300 also impaired the recruitment of BRM, a catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex involved in chromatin remodeling at DSB sites. These results indicate that CBP and p300 function as histone H3 and H4 acetyltransferases at DSB sites in NHEJ and facilitate chromatin relaxation. Therefore, inhibition CBP and p300 activity may sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ogiwara
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Ogiwara H, Ui A, Otsuka A, Satoh H, Yokomi I, Nakajima S, Yasui A, Yokota J, Kohno T. Histone acetylation by CBP and p300 at double-strand break sites facilitates SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling and the recruitment of non-homologous end joining factors. Oncogene 2011; 30:2135-46. [PMID: 21217779 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major repair pathway for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) generated by ionizing radiation (IR) and anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, inhibiting the activity of proteins involved in this pathway is a promising way of sensitizing cancer cells to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, we developed an assay for evaluating NHEJ activity against DSBs in chromosomal DNA in human cells to identify the chromatin modification/remodeling proteins involved in NHEJ. We showed that ablating the activity of the homologous histone acetyltransferases, CBP and p300, using inhibitors or small interfering RNAs-suppressed NHEJ. Ablation of CBP or p300 impaired IR-induced DSB repair and sensitized lung cancer cells to IR and the anti-cancer drug, etoposide, which induces DSBs that are repaired by NHEJ. The CBP/p300 proteins were recruited to sites of DSBs and their ablation suppressed acetylation of lysine 18 within histone H3, and lysines 5, 8, 12, and 16 within histone H4, at the DSB sites. This then suppressed the recruitment of KU70 and KU80, both key proteins for NHEJ, to the DSB sites. Ablation of CBP/p300 also impaired the recruitment of BRM, a catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex involved in chromatin remodeling at DSB sites. These results indicate that CBP and p300 function as histone H3 and H4 acetyltransferases at DSB sites in NHEJ and facilitate chromatin relaxation. Therefore, inhibition CBP and p300 activity may sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ogiwara
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Sakashita K, Yokota J, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto K, Kitagawa Et Al Y, Yoneda Y. [Symposium recent imaging and treatment technologies in critical care medicine]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2009; 64:1383-97. [PMID: 19060433 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.64.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Ogiwara H, Kohno T, Nakanishi H, Nagayama K, Sato M, Yokota J. Unbalanced translocation, a major chromosome alteration causing loss of heterozygosity in human lung cancer. Oncogene 2008; 27:4788-97. [PMID: 18408757 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Matsumoto S, Iwakawa R, Takahashi K, Kohno T, Nakanishi Y, Matsuno Y, Suzuki K, Nakamoto M, Shimizu E, Minna JD, Yokota J. Prevalence and specificity of LKB1 genetic alterations in lung cancers. Oncogene 2007; 26:5911-8. [PMID: 17384680 PMCID: PMC3457639 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Germline LKB1 mutations cause Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, a hereditary disorder that predisposes to gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis and several types of malignant tumors. Somatic LKB1 alterations are rare in sporadic cancers, however, a few reports showed the presence of somatic alterations in a considerable fraction of lung cancers. To determine the prevalence and the specificity of LKB1 alterations in lung cancers, we examined a large number of lung cancer cell lines and lung adenocarcinoma (AdC) specimens for the alterations. LKB1 genetic alterations were frequently detected in the cell lines (21/70, 30%), especially in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) (20/51, 39%), and were significantly more frequent in cell lines with KRAS mutations. Point mutations were detected only in AdCs and large cell carcinomas, whereas homozygous deletions were detected in all histological types of lung cancer. Among lung AdC specimens, LKB1 mutations were found in seven (8%) of 91 male smokers but in none of 64 females and/or nonsmokers, and were significantly more frequent in poorly differentiated tumors. The difference in the frequency of LKB1 alterations between cell lines and tumor specimens was likely to be owing to masking of deletions by the contamination of noncancerous cells in the tumor specimens. These results indicate that somatic LKB1 genetic alterations preferentially occur in a subset of poorly differentiated lung AdCs that appear to correlate with smoking males.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matsumoto
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - R Iwakawa
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Takahashi
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kohno
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Matsuno
- Diagnostic Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- Thoracic Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Nakamoto
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - E Shimizu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Molecular Respirology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - JD Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Cencter, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J Yokota
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Aoki M, Yamamoto K, Noshiro H, Sakai K, Yokota J, Kohno T, Tokino T, Ishida S, Ohyama S, Ninomiya I, Uesaka K, Kitajima M, Shimada S, Matsuno S, Yano M, Hiratsuka M, Sugimura H, Itoh F, Minamoto T, Maehara Y, Takenoshita S, Aikou T, Katai H, Yoshimura K, Takahashi T, Akagi K, Sairenji M, Yamamura Y, Sasazuki T. A full genome scan for gastric cancer. J Med Genet 2006; 42:83-7. [PMID: 15635081 PMCID: PMC1735907 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.021782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Nakamura N, Kobayashi K, Nakamoto M, Kohno T, Sasaki H, Matsuno Y, Yokota J. Identification of tumor markers and differentiation markers for molecular diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2006; 25:4245-55. [PMID: 16491115 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To identify tumor markers and differentiation markers for lung adenocarcinoma (AdC), we analysed expression profiles of 14,500 genes against three cases of type II alveolar epithelial cells, bronchiolar epithelial cells, and bronchial epithelial cells, respectively, and 10 cases of AdC cells isolated by laser capture microdissection. Hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that AdC cells and noncancerous lung epithelial cells are significantly different in their expression profiles, and that different sets of differentiation markers are expressed among alveolar, bronchiolar and bronchial epithelial cells. Nine genes were identified as being highly expressed in AdC cells, but not expressed in noncancerous lung epithelial cells. Sixteen genes were identified as differentiation markers for lung epithelial cells. Real-time RT-PCR analysis of 45 lung AdC cases further revealed that expression of four tumor markers in AdC cells was significantly higher than that in noncancerous lung cells and that expression of ten differentiation markers was retained in a considerable fraction of lung AdC cases. Five tumor markers and seven differentiation markers were not expressed in peripheral blood cells. Similarities and differences in expression profiles between normal epithelial cells from different lung respiratory compartments and AdC cells demonstrated in this study will be informative for the molecular diagnosis of lung AdC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nakamura
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Mizushima Y, Tohira H, Mizobata Y, Matsuoka T, Yokota J. Fluid resuscitation of trauma patients: how fast is the optimal rate? Am J Emerg Med 2005; 23:833-7. [PMID: 16291436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2005.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Advanced Trauma Life Support guidelines recommend an initial rapid infusion of fluid (1-2 L) in trauma and hemorrhage victims as a diagnostic procedure to aid treatment decisions. Although patient response to initial fluid resuscitation is the key to determining therapeutic strategies, the appropriate rate of infusion is not clearly defined. Ninety-nine adult (age >16 years) blunt trauma victims with hypotension were enrolled. Patients were classified into 3 groups according to hemodynamic state after initial fluid resuscitation and requirement of surgical intervention. Total volume and rate of infusion differed significantly between the groups (P < .05). Patients requiring fluid administration at higher rate were all hemodynamically unstable and required immediate surgical intervention. Moreover, rate of infusion was the best predictor of the patients who required immediate surgical intervention. Moderate fluid infusion rate should be considered to allow identification of the patient's response to initial fluid resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Mizushima
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka 598-0048, Japan.
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22
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Ishikawa K, Tohira H, Mizushima Y, Matsuoka T, Mizobata Y, Yokota J. Traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma spreads through the interfascial planes. J Trauma 2005; 59:595-607; discussion 607-8. [PMID: 16361901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to reevaluate extension of traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma (RH) and related management strategies in light of the new concept of retroperitoneal fascias as interfascial planes communicating with three compartments. METHODS Diagnostic computed tomographic images of 169 patients with traumatic RH treated between 1997 and 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. The extension of RH was measured in relation to 10 components: 3 compartments and 7 parts of the interfascial planes. On the basis of careful horizontal and vertical assessment of computed tomographic images, distribution, extent, and volume in each component of RH were assessed. RESULTS In 88.8% of patients, RH was detected in interfascial planes. Interfascial planes absorbed a large amount of hematoma (mean, 223 +/- 309 mL; range, 0-1,519 mL), whereas the anterior and posterior pararenal spaces absorbed only 5 +/- 16 mL and 21 +/- 30 mL, respectively. The volume of RH in interfascial planes accounted for 78.1% of the total volume. In all cases, RH spread within interfascial planes with regularity: transversely by means of retromesenteric planes and vertically by means of combined interfascial planes. Regular extension patterns allowed RH to be classified by bleeding source. RH originating from retrorenal or combined interfascial plane had a poor prognosis; 51.7% of such patients died as a result of uncontrollable hemorrhage. CONCLUSION RH was based in the interfascial planes, not the three compartments. Our findings that RH extends and is largely confined within interfascial planes, regardless of cause or volume, could be useful in estimating the extent of RH and developing breakthrough strategies for RH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Ishikawa
- From the Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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23
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Nishiuchi T, Hiraide A, Hayashi Y, Uejima T, Morita H, Yukioka H, Shigemoto T, Ikeuchi H, Matsusaka M, Iwami T, Shinya H, Yokota J. Incidence and survival rate of bystander-witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with cardiac etiology in Osaka, Japan: a population-based study according to the Utstein style. Resuscitation 2003; 59:329-35. [PMID: 14659602 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9572(03)00241-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To clarify the incidence and survival rate of bystander-witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) with cardiac etiology in Osaka Prefecture, Japan, with a population of nearly 9 million according to the Utstein style. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 5047 consecutive OHCA cases were treated by ambulance personnel during the 12-month period starting since 1 May 1998. 974 cases were considered to be bystander-witnessed OHCA with cardiac etiology and analyzed using the Utstein style. RESULTS Of the 974 cases (100%), 50 cases (5.1%) survived after 1 month and 28 (2.9%) of them after 1 year. The Ventricular fibrillation (VF)/ventricular tachycardia (VT) group comprised 164 (16.8%) cases and there were statistically differences between the two groups as below (the VF/VT group vs. the non-VF/VT group): gender (male: 76.8 vs. 60.7%), age (61.7+/-14.7 vs. 68.7+/-17.1), history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) (30.5 vs. 15.3%), performance rate of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (34.1 vs. 21.4%) and time interval between receipt of an emergency call and arrival at the scene (5.5+/-2.9 vs. 6.0+/-2.9 min). CONCLUSION The incidence of bystander-witnessed (OHCA) with cardiac etiology and VF or VT were remarkably low compared with those reported by other studies conducted in some areas of Europe or the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nishiuchi
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, 2-24 Rinku-Orai Kita, Izumisano city, Osaka 598-0048, Japan.
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24
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Yokota J. [Choice of imaging modality in emergency medicine]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2003; 59:1502-7. [PMID: 15001863 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.kj00000921679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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25
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Kubota M, Ishida H, Kojima Y, Fukuda A, Mizushima Y, Mizobata Y, Matsuoka T, Yokota J. Impact of mobile clinical analyzers on disaster medicine: a lesson from crush syndrome in the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake. Biomed Instrum Technol 2003; 37:259-62. [PMID: 12923977 DOI: 10.2345/0899-8205(2003)37[259:iomcao]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The Great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake caused many people to develop crush syndrome. Analysis of these patients revealed that the severity is not related to their hemodynamics but to hematocrit, base deficits, and potassium concentrations soon after their extrications. In the disaster site, these parameters can only be measured using whole-blood samples by mobile instruments. The present study was made to evaluate the possibility of uses of a mobile measuring device, ABL77, for the triage of crush syndrome patients in disaster sites. Heparin-added blood samples and serum samples were collected from patients admitted to Senshu Critical Care Medical Center. Blood gases, electrolytes, and hematocrit of the heparin-added blood samples were measured using ABL77 and compared with those measured using the stationary device ABL725. Potassium concentrations of the heparin-added blood samples measured by the ABL77 were compared with those of the serum samples measured by the stationary EA06T. Significant correlations were observed between the measurements. We conclude that the ABL77 was satisfactorily compatible with stationary devices in the hospital. Medical institutions should have simplified, mobile measuring devices as a precaution against disasters, so that they can get ready to take appropriate action promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Kubota
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, 2-24 Rinku Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-0048, Japan.
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26
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Mizushima Y, Tohira H, Mizobata Y, Matsuoka T, Yokota J. Assessment of effective hepatic blood flow in critically ill patients by noninvasive pulse dye-densitometry. Surg Today 2003; 33:101-5. [PMID: 12616369 DOI: 10.1007/s005950300021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Effective hepatic blood flow (EHBF) is thought to reflect splanchnic perfusion and the metabolic state of the liver. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between cardiac output (CO) and EHBF using pulse dye-densitometry (PDD) in nonseptic and septic patients, and to assess the prognostic value of this relationship. METHODS The subjects were 33 critically ill patients, 16 of whom met the criteria for sepsis. Indocyanine green (ICG) was given via a central venous catheter to each patient. CO (l/min) and EHBF (l/min) were assessed with PDD. RESULTS CO and EHBF were significantly correlated in the nonseptic patients ( r = 0.92, P < 0.001), but not in the septic patients ( r = 0.38, P = 0.15). The ratio of EHBF to CO (EHBF/CO) in the septic patients was significantly lower than that in the nonseptic patients (0.08 +/- 0.04 vs 0.22 +/- 0.05; P < 0.001). Moreover, in the septic patients, the EHBF/CO ratios of nonsurvivors were significantly lower than those of survivors (0.06 +/- 0.04 vs 010 +/- 0.02; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In nonseptic patients, the EHBF decreased in relation to the CO. However, the EHBF/CO ratio of septic patients was lower than that of nonseptic patients, suggesting that inadequate splanchnic perfusion or metabolic change occurs in septic patients. Furthermore, the lower EHBF/CO ratio was related with a fatal outcome in septic patients. PDD could be a clinically useful method of assessing splanchnic conditions in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Mizushima
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, 2-24 Rinku Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-0048, Japan
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27
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Kojima Y, Ishida H, Kubota M, Fukuda A, Yokota J. [Examination of drugs and poisons in institutions not equipped with an analyzer of them and poisons--focusing on the simple qualitative test of surfactants]. Chudoku Kenkyu 2003; 16:43-9. [PMID: 12712541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
We examined the simple qualitative test of surfactants, and discussed its possible usefulness in clinical emergency medicine and the analysis system in institutions not equipped with an analyzer of drugs and poisons. The procedures for the cobalt thiocyanate ammonium test, methylene blue chloroform test, and bromphenol blue test are easy, if reagents are prepared beforehand. If concomitantly used, these tests enable analysis of ion properties of surfactants. These tests thus seem useful for the screening of drugs and poisons in emergency medicine. We think that it is possible for institutions not equipped with an analyzer of drugs and poisons to establish a system to support clinical practice by giving priority to the establishment of drugs and poisons that frequently cause intoxication as well as of items for the simple qualitative test that are specified in "proposals for the guidelines for the analysis of drugs and poisons" advanced by the Japanese Society for Clinical Toxicology.
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28
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Yokota J. [Paradigm shift from standard surgery to damage control surgery in major trauma]. Nihon Geka Gakkai Zasshi 2002; 103:503-6. [PMID: 12143286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
"Damage control surgery (DCS)" is currently the most commonly used term to describe the surgical strategy for major trauma. Standard surgical approaches to trauma consist of a priority-driven sequence of steps, including exposure, homeostasis, repair, resection, and reconstruction. Patients with massive exsanguination, however, will not survive complex procedures. It is well known that those patients are more likely to die from intraoperative physiological deterioration resulting from a failure to complete surgical repair. The surgical team must undergo a paradigm shift, focusing on saving life or resuscitation. DCS has three separate components. The first is abbreviated resuscitative surgery for rapid control of hemorrhage and contamination. This is achieved as quickly as possible in the operating room, but traditional repairs are deferred in favor of rapid measures that control hemorrhage, restore flow where needed, and control or contain contamination. The second step in DCS is systemic management in the ICU, where the care consists of ongoing core rewarming, correction of coagulopathy, fluid resuscitation, and optimization of hemodynamic status, as well as reexamination to diagnose all injuries. When normal physiology has been restored, reoperation is undertaken for definitive repairs of injuries and abdominal closure. In addition to the above three components, an earlier phase before the initial operation, referred to as "DC ground zero" has recently been added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Yokota
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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29
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Yajima Y, Yokota J. [Toxic shock-like syndrome]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 2002:210-4. [PMID: 11555913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yajima
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center
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30
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Tohira H, Yokota J. [Edwardsiella tarda infection of the soft tissues]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 2002:235-8. [PMID: 11555920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Tohira
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center
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31
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Matsuoka T, Yoshioka T, Tanaka H, Ninomiya N, Oda J, Sugimoto H, Yokota J. Long-term physical outcome of patients who suffered crush syndrome after the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake: prognostic indicators in retrospect. J Trauma 2002; 52:33-9. [PMID: 11791049 DOI: 10.1097/00005373-200201000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 372 cases of crush syndrome that followed the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji earthquake have provided a unique opportunity to investigate the long-term physical outcomes and to establish indications for specific treatments in such patients. The objectives of this study were to identify independent predictors of physical outcome in patients suffering from crush syndrome and to clarify the influence of fasciotomy on outcomes. METHODS Sensory and motor functions were examined 2 years after the earthquake in 42 patients with a total of 58 compressed lower extremities. The influences of time to rescue, fasciotomy, and radical debridement on lower leg muscle strength were evaluated by stepwise regression analysis. Correlation between the time to fasciotomy and lower leg muscle strength was also analyzed. RESULTS Severe disabilities related to the lower leg compartment were present in 47% (8/17) of patients who underwent fasciotomy and in 16% (4/25) of patients who did not. The anterior compartment was damaged more severely than the posterior compartment. Severe sensory and motor disturbances occurred at a higher rate in relation to anterior and posterior compartments that were treated by fasciotomy than in relation to those that were not. Stepwise regression analysis showed fasciotomy/debridement score to be an independent predictor of long-term lower leg muscle strength (R = 0.67, p < 0.0001) and showed time to rescue to be an independent predictor when debrided compartments were not included in the analysis (R = 0.36, p = 0.009). In all debrided anterior compartments, muscle contractility was completely abolished. There was a significant negative correlation between time to fasciotomy and lower leg muscle strength. CONCLUSION Secondary compartment syndrome affects physical outcome in crush syndrome patients. We obtained no evidence that fasciotomy improves outcome. Delayed rescue, delayed fasciotomy, and radical debridement may worsen the physical prognosis. Indications for fasciotomy in crush syndrome during the acute phase need further deliberation.
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Abstract
Peripheral arterial injuries after blunt trauma commonly follow injuries to adjacent soft tissue, organ, and bone. We present here a case of blunt injury to the lumbar artery and the deep iliac circumflex artery in which there was no adjacent bone fracture, but in which hemorrhagic shock and persistent anemia ensued. Intravenous contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed the site of active bleeding, leading us to perform an angiographic embolization for hemostasis.
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Yokota J, Kawana M, Hidai C, Aoka Y, Ichikawa K, Iguchi N, Okada M, Kasanuki H. Retinoic acid suppresses endothelin-1 gene expression at the transcription level in endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 2001; 159:491-6. [PMID: 11730831 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00530-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Retinoids have been shown to inhibit cell growth, which can result in an anti-atherosclerotic action in the vasculature. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced in endothelial cells, plays an important role in inducing proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of retinoids on the mRNA expression and transcriptional activity of the ET-1 gene in endothelial cells. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) suppressed ET-1 mRNA expression in cultured endothelial cells. Synthetic retinoids, Ch55 and Am580 (retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonists) markedly enhanced this effect, and an RAR antagonist, LE540, blocked this inhibitory effect on ET-1 gene expression. ATRA did not change ET-1 mRNA half-life. Transfection experiments using 5 kb of the ET-1 promoter-reporter gene construct which contains 5 kb of the preproET-1 promoter revealed that ATRA and Ch55 suppressed ET-1 promoter activity, resulting in down-regulation of ET-1 gene transcription. Taken together, retinoids may be another modulator of endothelial cell function through regulation of vasoactive substances at the transcription level.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yokota
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawadacho, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8666, Tokyo, Japan
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Tomizawa Y, Sekido Y, Kondo M, Gao B, Yokota J, Roche J, Drabkin H, Lerman MI, Gazdar AF, Minna JD. Inhibition of lung cancer cell growth and induction of apoptosis after reexpression of 3p21.3 candidate tumor suppressor gene SEMA3B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:13954-9. [PMID: 11717452 PMCID: PMC61148 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.231490898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins SEMA3B and its homologue SEMA3F are 3p21.3 candidate tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), the expression of which is frequently lost in lung cancers. To test the TSG candidacy of SEMA3B and SEMA3F, we transfected them into lung cancer NCI-H1299 cells, which do not express either gene. Colony formation of H1299 cells was reduced 90% after transfection with wild-type SEMA3B compared with the control vector. By contrast, only 30-40% reduction in colony formation was seen after the transfection of SEMA3F or SEMA3B variants carrying lung cancer-associated single amino acid missense mutations. H1299 cells transfected with wild-type but not mutant SEMA3B underwent apoptosis. We found that lung cancers (n = 34) always express the neuropilin-1 receptor for secreted semaphorins, whereas 82% expressed the neuropilin-2 receptor. Because SEMA3B and SEMA3F are secreted proteins, we tested conditioned medium from COS-7 cells transfected with SEMA3B and SEMA3F and found that medium from wild-type SEMA3B transfectants reduced the growth of several lung cancer lines 30-90%, whereas SEMA3B mutants or SEMA3F had little effect in the same assay. Sequencing of sodium bisulfite-treated DNA showed dense methylation of CpG sites in the SEMA3B 5' region of lung cancers not expressing SEMA3B but no methylation in SEMA3B-expressing tumors. These results are consistent with SEMA3B functioning as a TSG, the expression of which is inactivated frequently in lung cancers by allele loss and promoter region methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tomizawa
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Kondo M, Ji L, Kamibayashi C, Tomizawa Y, Randle D, Sekido Y, Yokota J, Kashuba V, Zabarovsky E, Kuzmin I, Lerman M, Roth J, Minna JD. Overexpression of candidate tumor suppressor gene FUS1 isolated from the 3p21.3 homozygous deletion region leads to G1 arrest and growth inhibition of lung cancer cells. Oncogene 2001; 20:6258-62. [PMID: 11593436 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2001] [Revised: 06/29/2001] [Accepted: 07/12/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently we identified FUS1 as a candidate tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in the 120 kb 3p21.3 critical region contained in nested lung and breast cancer homozygous deletions. Mutation of FUS1 is infrequent in lung cancers which we have confirmed in 40 other primary lung cancers. In addition, we found no evidence for FUS1 promoter region methylation. Because haploinsufficiency or low expression of Fus1 may play a role in lung tumorigenesis, we tested the effect of exogenously induced overexpression of Fus1 protein and found 60-80% inhibition of colony formation for non-small cell lung cancer lines NCI-H1299 (showing allele loss for FUS1) and NCI-H322 (containing only a mutated FUS1 allele) in vitro. By contrast, a similar level of expression of a tumor-acquired mutant form of FUS1 protein did not significantly suppress colony formation. Also, induced expression of Fus1 under the control of an Ecdysone regulated promoter decreased colony formation 75%, increased the doubling time twofold, and arrested H1299 cells in G1. In conclusion, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that FUS1 may function as a 3p21.3 TSG, warranting further studies of its function in the pathogenesis of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kondo
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8593, USA
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36
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Hanaoka T, Sugimura H, Nagura K, Ihara M, Li XJ, Hamada GS, Nishimoto I, Kowalski LP, Yokota J, Tsugane S. hOGG1 exon7 polymorphism and gastric cancer in case-control studies of Japanese Brazilians and non-Japanese Brazilians. Cancer Lett 2001; 170:53-61. [PMID: 11448535 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphism of hOGG1 may be capable of serving as a genetic marker for individual susceptibility to various cancers because of its role in the repair of oxyradical DNA damage. We examined the distribution of the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and its presumed correlation with gastric cancer risk in two case-control studies of different ethnic groups in São Paulo, Brazil. Potentially eligible Japanese (JB) and non-Japanese Brazilian (NJB) case subjects were defined as patients with newly diagnosed malignant neoplasms of the stomach in 13 hospitals in São Paulo. Ninety-six JBs and 236 NJBs were adopted as subjects. Two controls were matched for each JB case, and one control for each NJB case. The subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire and their blood samples were collected. A significant difference in the distribution of this polymorphism between the two ethnic groups was observed (chi(2)=58.3, P<0.01). The mutant type (Ser/Cys or Cys/Cys) was predominant (approximately 65%) in the JBs, but was only present in approximately 40% of the NJBs. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant increased risk for either the Ser/Cys or Cys/Cys type in either group. The odds ratios of the Cys allele for gastric cancer were 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.52-1.93) in the JBs and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.57-1.26) in the NJBs. In the NJBs, a significant increased risk of smoking was shown only in the Ser/Ser type, and no increased risk was shown in the genotypes with the Cys allele. However, no statistically significant interactions were observed with smoking or other possible confounding factors. No statistically significant difference in the distribution of the polymorphism was observed between the intestinal type and diffuse type of gastric cancer in either the JBs or the NJBs. The ethnic difference in hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism was much greater than the case-control difference, and this polymorphism is unlikely to be associated with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hanaoka
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, 6-5-1 Kashinoha, Kashiwa-shi, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
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Sunaga N, Kohno T, Shinmura K, Saitoh T, Matsuda T, Saito R, Yokota J. OGG1 protein suppresses G:C-->T:A mutation in a shuttle vector containing 8-hydroxyguanine in human cells. Carcinogenesis 2001; 22:1355-62. [PMID: 11532855 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/22.9.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Hydroxyguanine (8-OHG) is an oxidatively damaged mutagenic base which causes G:C-->T:A transversions in DNA. OGG1 was cloned as a human gene encoding a DNA glycosylase that specifically excises 8-OHG from DNA in vitro. However, it was not clear whether OGG1 protein suppresses G:C-->T:A transversions caused by 8-OHG in human cells in vivo. In the present study we have examined the ability of OGG1 protein to suppress G:C-->T:A transversions caused by 8-OHG in human cells by bacterial suppressor tRNA (supF) forward mutation assay using a shuttle vector DNA, pMY189. Introduction of a single 8-OHG residue at position 159 of the supF gene in plasmid pMY189 resulted in a 130-fold increase in mutation frequency compared with untreated plasmid pMY189 after replication in the NCI-H1299 human lung cancer cell line. G:C-->T:A transversions at position 159 were detected in >90% of the supF mutants from the 8-OHG-containing plasmid. The mutation frequency of the 8-OHG-containing plasmid was significantly reduced by overexpression of OGG1 protein in NCI-H1299 cells and, in particular, the occurrence of G:C-->T:A transversion at position 159 in the supF gene was suppressed. Furthermore, frequencies and spectra of mutations of the untreated pMY189 plasmid did not differ significantly with overexpression of OGG1 protein. These results indicate that OGG1 protein has the ability to suppress G:C-->T:A transversions caused by 8-OHG in human cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sunaga
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Nagashima M, Shiseki M, Miura K, Hagiwara K, Linke SP, Pedeux R, Wang XW, Yokota J, Riabowol K, Harris CC. DNA damage-inducible gene p33ING2 negatively regulates cell proliferation through acetylation of p53. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:9671-6. [PMID: 11481424 PMCID: PMC55510 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.161151798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The p33ING1 protein is a regulator of cell cycle, senescence, and apoptosis. Three alternatively spliced transcripts of p33ING1 encode p47ING1a, p33ING1b, and p24ING1c. We cloned an additional ING family member, p33ING2/ING1L. Unlike p33ING1b, p33ING2 is induced by the DNA-damaging agents etoposide and neocarzinostatin. p33ING1b and p33ING2 negatively regulate cell growth and survival in a p53-dependent manner through induction of G(1)-phase cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. p33ING2 strongly enhances the transcriptional-transactivation activity of p53. Furthermore, p33ING2 expression increases the acetylation of p53 at Lys-382. Taken together, p33ING2 is a DNA damage-inducible gene that negatively regulates cell proliferation through activation of p53 by enhancing its acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nagashima
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
8-Hydroxyguanine (oh8G) is a major base lesion produced by reactive oxygen species. oh8G in DNA causes G:C to T:A transversions and, thus, could be responsible for mutations that lead to carcinogenesis. A human DNA glycosylase/AP lyase encoded by the OGG1 gene has an activity to remove directly oh8G from DNA, and suppresses the mutagenic effect of oh8G. OGG1 protein has a helix-hairpin-helix-GPD motif as a domain for both DNA binding and catalysis, a nuclear localization signal, and a mitochondria targeting signal. Among multiple OGG1 isoforms, OGG1-type la is expressed predominantly in human cells and repairs chromosomal DNA in the nucleus. Inactivation of the OGG1 gene in yeast and mice leads to elevated spontaneous mutation frequency in the cells. The human OGG1 gene maps to chromosome 3p26.2, and allelic deletions of this region occur frequently in a variety of human cancers. Moreover, the OGG1 gene is somatically mutated in some cancer cells and is highly polymorphic among human populations. Repair activities of some mutated and polymorphic OGG1 proteins are lower than those of wild-type OGG1-type la-Ser326 protein and, thus, could be involved in human carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shinmura
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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40
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Saitoh T, Shinmura K, Yamaguchi S, Tani M, Seki S, Murakami H, Nojima Y, Yokota J. Enhancement of OGG1 protein AP lyase activity by increase of APEX protein. Mutat Res 2001; 486:31-40. [PMID: 11356334 DOI: 10.1016/s0921-8777(01)00078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
8-Hydroxyguanine (oh(8)G) is a major form of oxidative DNA damage produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The human OGG1 gene encodes a DNA glycosylase that excises oh(8)G from double-stranded DNA. In this study, we investigated a mode of interaction between OGG1 and APEX proteins in the repair of oh(8)G under oxidative stresses. DNA cleavage assay using oh(8)G-containing oligonucleotides showed that the phosphodiester bond on the 3'-side of oh(8)G was cleaved by the AP lyase activity of GST-OGG1 protein and the phosphodiester bond on the 5'-side of oh(8)G was cleaved by the DNA 3'-repair diesterase activity of APEX protein. Gel mobility shift assay showed that the complex of GST-OGG1 protein and oh(8)G-containing oligonucleotides mostly changed into the complex of APEX protein and oligonucleotides by addition of APEX protein into the reaction mixture. We next analyzed alterations in the amount of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (oh(8)dG) in DNA and the levels of OGG1 and APEX expression in HeLa S3 cells treated with 2mM hypochlorous acid, a kind of ROS. An approximately four-fold increase in the amount of oh(8)G was detected by the HPLC-ECD method. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analyses indicated that the level of APEX expression increased approximately four-fold, whereas the level of OGG1 expression was unchanged. However, in the DNA cleavage assay, the AP lyase activity of GST-OGG1 protein was significantly increased in the presence of a molar excess of APEX protein. These results indicate that, under severe oxidative stresses, OGG1 mRNA is not induced and the amount of OGG1 protein is not remarkably increased, but the activity of OGG1 protein is enhanced by the increase of APEX protein in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saitoh
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
We report a case of multiple primary cancers having a germline missense mutation of the p53 gene. The patient was a Japanese female and had a history of five different types of cancers. PCR/direct sequencing analysis revealed the presence of a nucleotide substitution, AGC (Ser) to AGG (Arg), at codon 106 of the p53 gene in DNA from non-cancerous breast tissue. This is the first case of germline p53 mutation at codon 106, and could contribute to establishing correlations between the types and locations of germline p53 mutations and their phenotypical consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kimura
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Mizobata Y, Yokota J, Fujimura I, Sakashita K. Successful evaluation of pseudoaneurysm formation after blunt renal injury with dual-phase contrast-enhanced helical CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001; 177:136-8. [PMID: 11418414 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.177.1.1770136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Mizobata
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, 2-24, Rinku Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-0048, Japan
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Abstract
RB, p53 and p21(Sdi1/WAF1/Cip1) interact in the induction of G1 arrest. We established osteosarcoma cell lines in which a tetracycline-regulatable promoter controls the induction of RB, p53 and p21. By using these cell lines, we investigated whether RB, p53 or p21 regulates, in the same manner or differently, expression and function of E2F-1 and its responsive genes. E2F-1 gene products and transcripts of the E2F-responsive genes decreased in response to RB. Similar changes occurred to p53 and p21 when RB is present. However, in the absence of RB, some of the E2F-responsive genes decreased in response to p53 but not to p21. Thus, RB is a critical component for regulating the E2F-responsive genes, while p53 alone affects only a subset of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ookawa
- 2nd Department of Biochemistry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Zaifu-cho 5, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan.
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Mizobata Y, Yokota J, Matsuoka T, Horikawa H, Nakai K, Fukuda A. Volume supplementation with iso-sodium solution prevents hypernatremia after head injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001; 50:871-7. [PMID: 11371844 DOI: 10.1097/00005373-200105000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate our developed volume supplement protocol in preventing hypernatremia after head injury. METHODS Iso-sodium solution was infused to keep the 8-hour water balance positive in 20 head-injured patients with hypotonic urine. RESULTS Serum sodium concentrations moved to within a normal range in 6 patients and were temporarily increased in 12 patients. Seven of the 12 showed a negative cumulative water balance and slightly low creatinine clearance. Mean arterial pressure in the other five patients was lower after supplementation and was positively related to sodium excretion. Hypernatremia could not be prevented in the other two patients and they did not survive. Creatinine clearance was below 40 mL/min/m2 in these two patients before supplementation. CONCLUSION Our protocol worked effectively in patients in whom renal function was preserved. Decreased creatinine clearance because of preexisting dehydration and lower arterial pressure disturbed increase in urinary sodium excretion and temporarily aggravated the hypernatremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mizobata
- Osaka Prefectural Senshu Critical Care Medical Center, 2-24 Rinku Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-0048 Japan.
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Shinmura K, Yamaguchi S, Saitoh T, Kohno T, Yokota J. Somatic mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms of base excision repair genes involved in the repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in damaged DNA. Cancer Lett 2001; 166:65-9. [PMID: 11295288 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the involvement of 8-hydroxyguanine (oh(8)G) repair genes in human lung carcinogenesis, 47 lung cancer cell lines and 55 primary lung cancers were examined for somatic mutations and genetic polymorphisms in all coding exons of the MYH and APEX genes, and exon 8 of the OGG1 gene by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. In the MYH gene, one missense mutation was detected in a cell line, NCI-H157, whereas no mutations were detected in primary cancers. There were no mutations in the APEX and OGG1 genes in the cell lines or primary cancers. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, and seven of them were accompanied by amino acid substitutions. Differences in the oh(8)G repair activities of MYH, APEX and OGG1 proteins due to somatic mutations and SNPs can be involved in human carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shinmura
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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Takakura S, Kohno T, Manda R, Okamoto A, Tanaka T, Yokota J. Genetic alterations and expression of the protein phosphatase 1 genes in human cancers. Int J Oncol 2001; 18:817-24. [PMID: 11251179 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.18.4.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that genetic alterations of the protein phosphatase genes, including PTEN, PPP2R1A, PPP2R1B and PPP1R3, are involved in human carcinogenesis. In the present study, we examined the genetic and expression status of nine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) genes in 55 human cancer cell lines, consisting of 10 small cell lung cancers, 22 non-small cell lung cancers, 11 colorectal cancers, 7 gastric cancers and 5 ovarian cancers. The PP1 genes examined were three catalytic subunit genes, PPP1CA, PPP1CB and PPP1CC, and six regulatory subunit genes, PPP1R1A, PPP1R2, PPP1R5, PPP1R6, PPP1R7 and PPP1R8. Three catalytic subunit genes and three regulatory subunit genes, PPP1R2, PPP1R7 and PPP1R8, were ubiquitously expressed in the 55 cell lines, while PPP1R1A, PPP1R5, and PPP1R6 were differentially expressed. Possible missense mutations of the PPP1R5, PPP1R7 and PPP1R8 genes were detected in one (2%), two (4%) and one (2%) cell line, respectively. A rare, non-synonymous polymorphism was also identified in the PPP1R5 gene. Four of the 55 cell lines carried genetic alterations of several protein phosphatase genes, including PTEN, PPP1R3, PPP1R7 and PPP1R8. Ubiquitous expression as well as a lack of genetic diversity of catalytic subunit genes suggested the essential role of these genes for the growth of cancer cells. In contrast, differential expression, somatic mutations and/or genetic polymorphisms of several regulatory subunit genes indicate the involvement of these genes in multistep carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takakura
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Sunaga N, Kohno T, Kolligs FT, Fearon ER, Saito R, Yokota J. Constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway by CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) mutations in a subset of human lung adenocarcinoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 30:316-21. [PMID: 11170292 DOI: 10.1002/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::aid-gcc1097>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway as a result of genetic alterations of APC, AXIN1, and CTNNB1 has been found in various human cancers, including those of the colon, liver, endometrium, ovary, prostate, and stomach. To investigate the pathogenetic significance of constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in human lung carcinogenesis, CTNNB1 alterations in exon 3, a region known to represent a mutation hot spot, were screened in 46 lung cancer cell lines and 47 primary lung cancers. Missense mutations causing substitutions of Ser/Thr residues critical for regulation by GSK-3beta were detected in one (2%) of the cell lines, A427, and two (4%) of the surgical specimens. The three lung cancers with CTNNB1 mutations were adenocarcinomas. To explore the prevalence of constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in human lung cancer, we assessed 15 lung cancer cell lines representing major histological subtypes of lung cancers for constitutive Tcf transcriptional activity (CTTA). CTTA was observed only in the A427 adenocarcinoma cell line, but not in the remaining 14 cell lines. The data indicate that constitutive activation of the Wnt signaling pathway caused by CTNNB1 mutation is involved in the development and/or progression of a subset of lung carcinoma, preferentially in adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sunaga
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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48
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Shinozaki H, Okamoto A, Shimizu K, Saito M, Yokota J, Ochiai K. Absence of p51 alteration in human ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 2001; 18:549-52. [PMID: 11179485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The p51 gene encodes a protein with significant homology to p53, thus, it is a candidate tumor suppressor gene. To investigate the involvement of the p51 gene in human ovarian carcinogenesis, p51 gene alterations were examined in primary ovarian cancers and ovarian cancer cell lines. Mutation analysis of the p51 gene was performed in 40 primary ovarian cancers and 6 ovarian cancer cell lines using the PCR-SSCP and direct sequencing methods. Expression of p51 mRNA was examined in 9 primary ovarian cancers and 5 ovarian cancer cell lines by Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses. No mutations of the p51 gene causing amino acid substitutions or frameshifts were detected in either primary tumors or cancer cell lines by PCR-SSCP analysis of the entire coding region, although several genetic polymorphisms were detected in three samples. Allelic imbalance was detected in 3 of 19 (16%) primary ovarian cancers. No p51 gene expression was detected in 9 primary ovarian cancers and the corresponding normal ovarian tissues by Northern blot and by RT-PCR analyses. One of 5 ovarian cancer cell lines showed p51 gene expression by Northern blot analysis (20%). These results indicated that p51 gene expression was silent in normal ovarian tissues and primary ovarian cancers, and that mutation of the p51 gene does not play a major role in the development of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shinozaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
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Yanaihara N, Kohno T, Takakura S, Takei K, Otsuka A, Sunaga N, Takahashi M, Yamazaki M, Tashiro H, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Hagiwara K, Tanaka T, Yokota J. Physical and transcriptional map of a 311-kb segment of chromosome 18q21, a candidate lung tumor suppressor locus. Genomics 2001; 72:169-79. [PMID: 11401430 DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the complete genomic sequence and the characterization of the 311-kb region of 18q21, a candidate tumor suppressor locus containing a region of homozygous deletion in a lung cancer cell line, Ma29. This region contained two known genes, SMAD4 and ME2 (mitochondrial malate oxydoreductase), and two novel genes, D29 (deleted in Ma29 HGMW-approved symbol ELAC1), encoding an evolutionarily conserved protein, and B29 (beside the Ma29 deletion HGMW-approved symbol C18orf3), with no significant homology to any known genes. The deleted DNA segment in Ma29, which was estimated to be 195 kb in size, included all the coding exons of ME2 and D29, but not the coding exons of SMAD4 and B29. The deleted region also included exon 0, a 5'-noncoding exon, of SMAD4, and the expression of SMAD4 was greatly reduced in Ma29 cells. Mutations of SMAD4 and D29 were detected in 1 of 45 lung cancer cell lines examined, while those of ME2 and B29 were not detected, indicating that these four genes are not major targets for 18q21 deletions. The physical and transcriptional map constructed in this study will provide basic information for the identification of a tumor suppressor gene(s) at 18q21 involved in lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yanaihara
- Biology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
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Inoue K, Kohno T, Takakura S, Hayashi Y, Mizoguchi H, Yokota J. Corrigendum to: Frequent microsatellite instability and BAX mutations in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines Leukemia Research 24 (2000), 255-262. Leuk Res 2001; 25:275-8. [PMID: 11226526 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(00)00121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Inoue
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Biology Division, 1-1, Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, 104-0045, Tokyo, Japan
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