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Quijada L, Baral H, Johnston P, Pärtel K, Mitchell J, Hosoya T, Madrid H, Kosonen T, Helleman S, Rubio E, Stöckli E, Huhtinen S, Pfister D. A review of Hyphodiscaceae. Stud Mycol 2022. [DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recently published classification scheme for Leotiomycetes, the new family Hyphodiscaceae was erected; unfortunately, this study was rife with phylogenetic misinterpretations and hampered by a poor understanding of this group of fungi. This manifested in the form of an undiagnostic familial description, an erroneous familial circumscription, and the redescription of the type species of an included genus as a new species in a different genus. The present work corrects these errors by incorporating new molecular data from this group into phylogenetic analyses and examining the morphological features of the included taxa. An emended description of Hyphodiscaceae is provided, notes and descriptions of the included genera are supplied, and keys to genera and species in Hyphodiscaceae are supplied. Microscypha cajaniensis is combined in Hyphodiscus, and Scolecolachnum nigricans is a taxonomic synonym of Fuscolachnum pteridis. Future work in this family should focus on increasing phylogenetic sampling outside of Eurasia and better characterising described species to help resolve outstanding issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Quijada
- Farlow Herbarium and Library of Cryptogamic Botany, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | | - P.R. Johnston
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1072, New Zealand
| | - K. Pärtel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi St. 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
- Mycological Collections, Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi St. 5, 51006, Tartu, Estonia
| | - J.K. Mitchell
- Farlow Herbarium and Library of Cryptogamic Botany, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - T. Hosoya
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
| | - H. Madrid
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Sede Iquique, Av. Luis Emilio Recabarren 2477, Iquique, Chile
| | - T. Kosonen
- Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
- Herbarium, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | - E. Rubio
- José Cueto 3, 5º B Avilés, Asturias
| | - E. Stöckli
- Haut du Village, 42345 La Chaux-des-Breuleux, Switzerland
| | - S. Huhtinen
- Herbarium, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - D.H. Pfister
- Farlow Herbarium and Library of Cryptogamic Botany, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Johnston PR, Quijada L, Smith CA, Baral HO, Hosoya T, Baschien C, Pärtel K, Zhuang WY, Haelewaters D, Park D, Carl S, López-Giráldez F, Wang Z, Townsend JP. A multigene phylogeny toward a new phylogenetic classification of Leotiomycetes. IMA Fungus 2019; 10:1. [PMID: 32647610 PMCID: PMC7325659 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-019-0002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi in the class Leotiomycetes are ecologically diverse, including mycorrhizas, endophytes of roots and leaves, plant pathogens, aquatic and aero-aquatic hyphomycetes, mammalian pathogens, and saprobes. These fungi are commonly detected in cultures from diseased tissue and from environmental DNA extracts. The identification of specimens from such character-poor samples increasingly relies on DNA sequencing. However, the current classification of Leotiomycetes is still largely based on morphologically defined taxa, especially at higher taxonomic levels. Consequently, the formal Leotiomycetes classification is frequently poorly congruent with the relationships suggested by DNA sequencing studies. Previous class-wide phylogenies of Leotiomycetes have been based on ribosomal DNA markers, with most of the published multi-gene studies being focussed on particular genera or families. In this paper we collate data available from specimens representing both sexual and asexual morphs from across the genetic breadth of the class, with a focus on generic type species, to present a phylogeny based on up to 15 concatenated genes across 279 specimens. Included in the dataset are genes that were extracted from 72 of the genomes available for the class, including 10 new genomes released with this study. To test the statistical support for the deepest branches in the phylogeny, an additional phylogeny based on 3156 genes from 51 selected genomes is also presented. To fill some of the taxonomic gaps in the 15-gene phylogeny, we further present an ITS gene tree, particularly targeting ex-type specimens of generic type species. A small number of novel taxa are proposed: Marthamycetales ord. nov., and Drepanopezizaceae and Mniaeciaceae fams. nov. The formal taxonomic changes are limited in part because of the ad hoc nature of taxon and specimen selection, based purely on the availability of data. The phylogeny constitutes a framework for enabling future taxonomically targeted studies using deliberate specimen selection. Such studies will ideally include designation of epitypes for the type species of those genera for which DNA is not able to be extracted from the original type specimen, and consideration of morphological characters whenever genetically defined clades are recognized as formal taxa within a classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Johnston
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Luis Quijada
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard Herbarium, 22 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | | | | | - Tsuyoshi Hosoya
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005 Japan
| | - Christiane Baschien
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kadri Pärtel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai 40, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Wen-Ying Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Danny Haelewaters
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard Herbarium, 22 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Duckchul Park
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Steffen Carl
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstrasse 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 135 College St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Jeffrey P. Townsend
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, 135 College St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
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Zamora JC, Svensson M, Kirschner R, Olariaga I, Ryman S, Parra LA, Geml J, Rosling A, Adamčík S, Ahti T, Aime MC, Ainsworth AM, Albert L, Albertó E, García AA, Ageev D, Agerer R, Aguirre-Hudson B, Ammirati J, Andersson H, Angelini C, Antonín V, Aoki T, Aptroot A, Argaud D, Sosa BIA, Aronsen A, Arup U, Asgari B, Assyov B, Atienza V, Bandini D, Baptista-Ferreira JL, Baral HO, Baroni T, Barreto RW, Beker H, Bell A, Bellanger JM, Bellù F, Bemmann M, Bendiksby M, Bendiksen E, Bendiksen K, Benedek L, Bérešová-Guttová A, Berger F, Berndt R, Bernicchia A, Biketova AY, Bizio E, Bjork C, Boekhout T, Boertmann D, Böhning T, Boittin F, Boluda CG, Boomsluiter MW, Borovička J, Brandrud TE, Braun U, Brodo I, Bulyonkova T, Burdsall HH, Buyck B, Burgaz AR, Calatayud V, Callac P, Campo E, Candusso M, Capoen B, Carbó J, Carbone M, Castañeda-Ruiz RF, Castellano MA, Chen J, Clerc P, Consiglio G, Corriol G, Courtecuisse R, Crespo A, Cripps C, Crous PW, da Silva GA, da Silva M, Dam M, Dam N, Dämmrich F, Das K, Davies L, De Crop E, De Kesel A, De Lange R, De Madrignac Bonzi B, dela Cruz TEE, Delgat L, Demoulin V, Desjardin DE, Diederich P, Dima B, Dios MM, Divakar PK, Douanla-Meli C, Douglas B, Drechsler-Santos ER, Dyer PS, Eberhardt U, Ertz D, Esteve-Raventós F, Salazar JAE, Evenson V, Eyssartier G, Farkas E, Favre A, Fedosova AG, Filippa M, Finy P, Flakus A, Fos S, Fournier J, Fraiture A, Franchi P, Molano AEF, Friebes G, Frisch A, Fryday A, Furci G, Márquez RG, Garbelotto M, García-Martín JM, Otálora MAG, Sánchez DG, Gardiennet A, Garnica S, Benavent IG, Gates G, da Cruz Lima Gerlach A, Ghobad-Nejhad M, Gibertoni TB, Grebenc T, Greilhuber I, Grishkan B, Groenewald JZ, Grube M, Gruhn G, Gueidan C, Gulden G, Gusmão LFP, Hafellner J, Hairaud M, Halama M, Hallenberg N, Halling RE, Hansen K, Harder CB, Heilmann-Clausen J, Helleman S, Henriot A, Hernandez-Restrepo M, Herve R, Hobart C, Hoffmeister M, Høiland K, Holec J, Holien H, Hughes K, Hubka V, Huhtinen S, Ivančević B, Jagers M, Jaklitsch W, Jansen A, Jayawardena RS, Jeppesen TS, Jeppson M, Johnston P, Jørgensen PM, Kärnefelt I, Kalinina LB, Kantvilas G, Karadelev M, Kasuya T, Kautmanová I, Kerrigan RW, Kirchmair M, Kiyashko A, Knapp DG, Knudsen H, Knudsen K, Knutsson T, Kolařík M, Kõljalg U, Košuthová A, Koszka A, Kotiranta H, Kotkova V, Koukol O, Kout J, Kovács GM, Kříž M, Kruys Å, Kučera V, Kudzma L, Kuhar F, Kukwa M, Arun Kumar TK, Kunca V, Kušan I, Kuyper TW, Lado C, Læssøe T, Lainé P, Langer E, Larsson E, Larsson KH, Laursen G, Lechat C, Lee S, Lendemer JC, Levin L, Lindemann U, Lindström H, Liu X, Hernandez RCL, Llop E, Locsmándi C, Lodge DJ, Loizides M, Lőkös L, Luangsa-ard J, Lüderitz M, Lumbsch T, Lutz M, Mahoney D, Malysheva E, Malysheva V, Manimohan P, Marin-Felix Y, Marques G, Martínez-Gil R, Marson G, Mata G, Matheny PB, Mathiassen GH, Matočec N, Mayrhofer H, Mehrabi M, Melo I, Mešić A, Methven AS, Miettinen O, Romero AMM, Miller AN, Mitchell JK, Moberg R, Moreau PA, Moreno G, Morozova O, Morte A, Muggia L, González GM, Myllys L, Nagy I, Nagy LG, Neves MA, Niemelä T, Nimis PL, Niveiro N, Noordeloos ME, Nordin A, Noumeur SR, Novozhilov Y, Nuytinck J, Ohenoja E, Fiuza PO, Orange A, Ordynets A, Ortiz-Santana B, Pacheco L, Pál-Fám F, Palacio M, Palice Z, Papp V, Pärtel K, Pawlowska J, Paz A, Peintner U, Pennycook S, Pereira OL, Daniëls PP, Pérez-De-Gregorio Capella MÀ, del Amo CMP, Gorjón SP, Pérez-Ortega S, Pérez-Vargas I, Perry BA, Petersen JH, Petersen RH, Pfister DH, Phukhamsakda C, Piątek M, Piepenbring M, Pino-Bodas R, Esquivel JPP, Pirot P, Popov ES, Popoff O, Álvaro MP, Printzen C, Psurtseva N, Purahong W, Quijada L, Rambold G, Ramírez NA, Raja H, Raspé O, Raymundo T, Réblová M, Rebriev YA, de Dios Reyes García J, Ripoll MÁR, Richard F, Richardson MJ, Rico VJ, Robledo GL, Barbosa FR, Rodriguez-Caycedo C, Rodriguez-Flakus P, Ronikier A, Casas LR, Rusevska K, Saar G, Saar I, Salcedo I, Martínez SMS, Montoya CAS, Sánchez-Ramírez S, Sandoval-Sierra JV, Santamaria S, Monteiro JS, Schroers HJ, Schulz B, Schmidt-Stohn G, Schumacher T, Senn-Irlet B, Ševčíková H, Shchepin O, Shirouzu T, Shiryaev A, Siepe K, Sir EB, Sohrabi M, Soop K, Spirin V, Spribille T, Stadler M, Stalpers J, Stenroos S, Suija A, Sunhede S, Svantesson S, Svensson S, Svetasheva TY, Świerkosz K, Tamm H, Taskin H, Taudière A, Tedebrand JO, Lahoz RT, Temina M, Thell A, Thines M, Thor G, Thüs H, Tibell L, Tibell S, Timdal E, Tkalčec Z, Tønsberg T, Trichies G, Triebel D, Tsurykau A, Tulloss RE, Tuovinen V, Sosa MU, Urcelay C, Valade F, Garza RV, van den Boom P, Van Vooren N, Vasco-Palacios AM, Vauras J, Velasco Santos JM, Vellinga E, Verbeken A, Vetlesen P, Vizzini A, Voglmayr H, Volobuev S, von Brackel W, Voronina E, Walther G, Watling R, Weber E, Wedin M, Weholt Ø, Westberg M, Yurchenko E, Zehnálek P, Zhang H, Zhurbenko MP, Ekman S. Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa. IMA Fungus 2018; 9:167-175. [PMID: 30018877 PMCID: PMC6048565 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Zamora
- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Måns Svensson
- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Ibai Olariaga
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Svengunnar Ryman
- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - József Geml
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vondellaan 55, 2332AA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Rosling
- Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
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- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
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Pärtel K, Baral HO, Tamm H, Põldmaa K. Evidence for the polyphyly of Encoelia and Encoelioideae with reconsideration of respective families in Leotiomycetes. FUNGAL DIVERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-016-0370-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tedersoo L, Bahram M, Põlme S, Kõljalg U, Yorou NS, Wijesundera R, Villarreal Ruiz L, Vasco-Palacios AM, Thu PQ, Suija A, Smith ME, Sharp C, Saluveer E, Saitta A, Rosas M, Riit T, Ratkowsky D, Pritsch K, Põldmaa K, Piepenbring M, Phosri C, Peterson M, Parts K, Pärtel K, Otsing E, Nouhra E, Njouonkou AL, Nilsson RH, Morgado LN, Mayor J, May TW, Majuakim L, Lodge DJ, Lee SS, Larsson KH, Kohout P, Hosaka K, Hiiesalu I, Henkel TW, Harend H, Guo LD, Greslebin A, Grelet G, Geml J, Gates G, Dunstan W, Dunk C, Drenkhan R, Dearnaley J, De Kesel A, Dang T, Chen X, Buegger F, Brearley FQ, Bonito G, Anslan S, Abell S, Abarenkov K. Fungal biogeography. Global diversity and geography of soil fungi. Science 2014; 346:1256688. [PMID: 25430773 DOI: 10.1126/science.1256688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1501] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Fungi play major roles in ecosystem processes, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographic patterns remain poorly understood. Using DNA metabarcoding data from hundreds of globally distributed soil samples, we demonstrate that fungal richness is decoupled from plant diversity. The plant-to-fungus richness ratio declines exponentially toward the poles. Climatic factors, followed by edaphic and spatial variables, constitute the best predictors of fungal richness and community composition at the global scale. Fungi show similar latitudinal diversity gradients to other organisms, with several notable exceptions. These findings advance our understanding of global fungal diversity patterns and permit integration of fungi into a general macroecological framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leho Tedersoo
- Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sergei Põlme
- Natural History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Urmas Kõljalg
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nourou S Yorou
- Faculté d'Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Parakou, Benin
| | - Ravi Wijesundera
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka
| | - Luis Villarreal Ruiz
- Postgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, LARGEMBIO, Colegio de Postgraduados-Líneas Prioritarias de Investigación 6, México City, Mexico
| | - Aída M Vasco-Palacios
- The Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures-Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Ave Suija
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Erki Saluveer
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alessandro Saitta
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miguel Rosas
- Department of Mycology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Taavi Riit
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - David Ratkowsky
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Karin Pritsch
- Institute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kadri Põldmaa
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Meike Piepenbring
- Department of Mycology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Cherdchai Phosri
- Department of Biology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
| | - Marko Peterson
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kaarin Parts
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kadri Pärtel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eveli Otsing
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eduardo Nouhra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - André L Njouonkou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
| | - R Henrik Nilsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Jordan Mayor
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tom W May
- Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luiza Majuakim
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - D Jean Lodge
- Center for Forest Mycology Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture--Forest Service, Luquillo, Puerto Rico
| | - Su See Lee
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Petr Kohout
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kentaro Hosaka
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Indrek Hiiesalu
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USA
| | - Helery Harend
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Liang-dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alina Greslebin
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Facultad de Cs. Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia SJB, Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Gwen Grelet
- Ecosystems and Global Change team, Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Jozsef Geml
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Genevieve Gates
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - William Dunstan
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chris Dunk
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rein Drenkhan
- Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - John Dearnaley
- Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Tan Dang
- Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiag University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Franz Buegger
- Institute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Francis Q Brearley
- School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Gregory Bonito
- Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sten Anslan
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sandra Abell
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
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Tedersoo L, Pärtel K, Jairus T, Gates G, Põldmaa K, Tamm H. Ascomycetes associated with ectomycorrhizas: molecular diversity and ecology with particular reference to theHelotiales. Environ Microbiol 2009; 11:3166-78. [PMID: 19671076 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02020.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leho Tedersoo
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai Street, 51005 Tartu, Estonia.
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